each of the months May and October, and 102 degrees Fahrenheit as a maximum for

more than two percent of the hours in each of those same months.

Pursuant to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 106.208(b), the Agency is required to file its

recommendation within 60 days of filing of the petition. In a March 5, 2009 order, the

Hearing Officer stated that the Agency must file its recommendation by April 6, 2009.

On April 7, 2009, the Illinois EPA filed a Motion for Extension of Time to File

Recommendation, requesting that its deadline to file the recommendation be extended to

April 17, 2009. In an order dated April 8, 2009, the Hearing Officer granted the motion

for extension, with the condition that the Agency file the recommendation electronically

or in a manner allowing the Petitioner to receive the recommendation no later than April

17, 2009.

II. STATEMENT OF STANDARD OF GENERAL APPLICABILITY

AND SITE SPECIFIC STANDARD FROM WHICH PETITIONER

SEEKS A MODIFICATION

Petitioner has requested a modification to its site specific thermal standard

previously granted by the Board pursuant to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 302.211(j)(5). The

previously granted site specific standard provided Ameren relief from the general

temperature limits found at 35 Ill. Adm. Code 302.211(b) through (e). The temperature

requirements contained in Section 302.211 provide as follows:

Section 302.211

Temperature

a)

Temperature has STORET number (F

o

) 00011 and (C

o

) 00010.

b)

There shall be no abnormal temperature changes that may adversely affect

aquatic life unless caused by natural conditions.

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

3

---

c)

The normal daily and seasonal temperature fluctuations which existed

before the addition of heat due to other than natural causes shall be

maintained.

d)

The maximum temperature rise above natural temperatures shall not

exceed 2.8

o

C (5

o

F).

e)

In addition, the water temperature at representative locations in the main

river shall not exceed the maximum limits in the following table during

more than one percent of the hours in the 12-month period ending with

any month. Moreover, at no time shall the water temperature at such

locations exceed the maximum limits in the following table by more than

1.7

o

C (3

o

F).

o

C

o

F

o

C

o

F

JAN.

16

60

JUL.

32

90

FEB.

16

60

AUG.

32

90

MAR.

16

60

SEPT.

32

90

APR.

32

90

OCT.

32

90

MAY

32

90

NOV.

32

90

JUNE

32

90

DEC.

16

60

On March 19, 1982, the Board granted a site specific thermal standard to the then-

owner and operator of the Coffeen Power Station, CIPS. This standard required

discharges not resulting in a temperature, measured at the outside edge of the mixing

zone, which exceeds 105 degrees Fahrenheit as a monthly average from June through

September, and 112 degrees Fahrenheit as a maximum for more than three percent of the

hours during that same period; and exceeds 89 degrees Fahrenheit as a monthly average

from October through May, and 94 degrees Fahrenheit as a maximum for more than two

percent of the hours during that same period.

On June 5, 1997, the Board granted a variance from the from the original May

and October thermal limits, allowing the June through September temperatures to apply

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

4

---

in May and October. The Board made the variance conditional upon the completion of

studies on the effect of the thermal discharges on the lake’s fishery, and required that it

be terminated if a fish kill should occur. The variance terminated due to a fish kill in

1999.

III. IMPLEMENTATION OF FEDERAL LAW

Section 316 of the Clean Water Act (“CWA”), 33 U.S.C. 1326, authorizes the

Board to adopt alternative thermal limits. The Board adopted 35 Ill. Adm. Code

106.200(a)(2) and 302.211 in order to establish alternative thermal limits for artificial

cooling lakes.

Pursuant to Sections 301 and 402 of the CWA, 33 U.S.C. 1311 and 1342,

respectively, specific thermal limits are incorporated into the discharger’s NPDES permit.

The current specific thermal limits for Ameren’s discharges into Coffeen Lake have been

incorporated into Ameren’s NPDES permit as Special Condition No. 5.

IV. NATURE OF PETITIONER’S ACTIVITY

Ameren operates the Coffeen Power Station (“Station”), located near Coffeen,

Illinois, that was formerly owned and operated by CIPS. The Station is a two-unit 950

megawatt coal-fired steam generating station.

Petition at 6.

CIPS transferred the Station

to Ameren on May 1, 2000.

Petition at 1.

Ameren’s discharge of cooling water into

Coffeen Lake is permitted pursuant to the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination

System (“NPDES”) permit No. IL0000108. The current specific thermal standard,

established by the Board in 1982, states that the discharges to the Lake shall not result in

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

5

---

a temperature, measured at the outside edge of the mixing zone, that exceeds 105 degrees

Fahrenheit as a monthly average from June through September, and 112 degrees

Fahrenheit as a maximum for more than three percent of the hours during that same

period; and exceeds 89 degrees Fahrenheit as a monthly average from October through

May, and 94 degrees Fahrenheit as a maximum for more than two percent of the hours

during that same period.

1

Cooling water is obtained from the western arm of the Lake, and then heated

waste water is discharged back into the Lake through a discharge pipe into the eastern

These thermal limits were incorporated into Ameren’s NPDES

Permit as Special Condition No. 5.

The Coffeen Station was constructed from 1962 through 1965. The second unit

was constructed and began operating in 1972. According to the Petitioner, in 2007, the

Station’s mean hourly generation was 694 gross MWh. Ameren’s average annual net

generation was 66 percent of its capacity in 2002 through 2006, and is expected to

increase to up to 90 percent capacity by 2011.

Petition at 17.

The 1,100-acre Coffeen Lake was constructed in 1963 to provide cooling water

for the Station, and is now also used for recreational purposes and as a municipal water

supply. CIPS and the Illinois Department of Natural Resources (“IDNR”) entered into a

lease agreement for the Lake to be used for conservation and recreation in 1986.

Petition

at 7.

Coffeen Lake was constructed by damming the McDavid Branch of the East Fork

of Shoal Creek, two miles south of Coffeen. The Lake has a watershed of 18 square

miles, and discharges into the East Fork of Shoal Creek, a general use water body. Most

recent discharges to Shoal Creek were in May 2005 and April 2008.

Petition at 8.

1

CIPS v. IEPA, PCB 77-158, PCB 78-100 (consolidated) (March 18, 1982).

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

6

---

arm of the Lake.

Petition at 11-12.

The Petitioner details a list of capital projects that

have been completed to enhance the cooling capacity since 2000. Ameren constructed a

70-acre cooling basin at a cost of $20,734,000 and a 48-cell helper cooling tower at a cost

of $6,833,000 in order to meet the mixing zone limits.

Petition at 12.

In addition,

Ameren installed solar-powered aerators in the Lake to provide circulation of the water at

a cost of $120,000.

Petition at 27.

According to the Petitioner, average daily water temperatures at the edge of the

mixing zone have been between 80 to 90 degrees Fahrenheit and have rarely exceeded 96

degrees Fahrenheit in May and October. Ameren states that maximum daily water

temperatures have typically been in the 90s in May and October and have never exceeded

102 degrees Fahrenheit during those months.

Petition at 13.

Petitioner states that

vertical stratification of temperatures and dissolved oxygen occurs during the summer

months.

Petition at 13-14.

V. SPECIFIC LEVEL OF JUSTIFICATION REQUIRED

Section 13 of the Act, 415 ILCS 5/13 (2008), provides the Board with the

authority to adopt water quality standards. Section 28.1 of the Act, 415 ILCS 5/28.1

(2008), provides the Board with the authority to grant adjusted standards for those who

meet the required level of justification for the adjusted standard in question.

The Board regulations provide the required level of justification for a specific

thermal standard for a discharge to an artificial cooling lake. In order to make a

demonstration for a specific thermal standard, Section 106.200(a), 35 Ill. Adm. Code

106.200(a), provides:

2)

Artificial Cooling Lake Demonstration

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

7

---

A)

If a discharger wishes to have the Board establish specific

thermal standards for its discharge to an artificial cooling

lake pursuant to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 302.211(j)(5) that would

apply to the discharge in lieu of the applicable provisions of

the thermal water quality standards set forth in 35 Ill. Adm.

Code 302.211 and 303, the discharger must demonstrate in

an adjudicatory proceeding before the Board, pursuant to

35 Ill. Adm. Code 302.211(j)(3), that the artificial cooling

lake receiving the heated effluent will be environmentally

acceptable and within the intent of the Act.

B)

If the Board finds that the proof of the discharger under

subsection (a)(2)(A) of this Section is adequate, the Board

will establish, pursuant to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 302.211(j)(5),

specific thermal standards to be applied to the discharge to

the artificial cooling lake in lieu of the applicable

provisions of the thermal water quality standards set forth

in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 302.211 and 303.

C)

A Board order providing alternate thermal standards under

subsection (a)(2)(B) of this Section will include, but not be

limited to, the following conditions:

i)

Pursuant to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 302.211(j)(1), all

discharges from the artificial cooling lake to other

waters of the State must comply with the applicable

provisions of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 302.211(b) through

(e); and

ii)

Pursuant to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 302.211(j)(2), the

heated effluent discharged to the artificial cooling

lake must comply with all applicable provisions of

35 Ill. Adm. Code Subtitle C, Chapter I, except 35

Ill. Adm. Code 302.211(b) through (e).

Section 106.202(b) of the Board regulations, 35 Ill. Adm. 106.202(b) requires that

a petition for a specific thermal standard for an artificial cooling lake contain the

following:

1)

A demonstration that the artificial cooling lake receiving the

heated effluent will be environmentally acceptable and within the

intent of the Act, including:

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

8

---

A)

Provision of conditions capable of supporting shellfish, fish

and wildlife, and recreational uses consistent with good

management practices; and

B)

Control of the thermal component of the discharger’s

effluent by a technologically feasible and economically

reasonable method.

2)

The demonstration required under subsection (b)(1) of this Section

may take the form of any of the following:

A)

A final environmental impact statement;

B)

Pertinent provisions of environmental assessments used to

prepare the final environmental impact statement; or

C)

A showing pursuant to Section 316(a) of the Clean Water

Act (33 USC 1326).

3)

A citation to any prior proceedings, in which the petitioner was a

party, brought pursuant to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 302.211(f) or (j)(3).

For the reasons outlined below, the Petitioner has failed to meet the required level

of justification for the proposed modification to the specific thermal limits for the

discharge to Coffeen Lake.

A.

Petitioner has not demonstrated that the proposed modification to the

specific thermal standard for the discharge to Coffeen Lake will be environmentally

acceptable and within the intent of the Act, in accordance with 35 Ill. Adm. Code

106.202(b)(1) and 302.211(j)(3).

1.

Petitioner has not demonstrated that the proposed

modification to the specific thermal standard for the discharge to Coffeen Lake will

provide conditions capable of supporting shellfish, fish and wildlife, in accordance

with 35 Ill. Adm. Code 106.202(b)(1)(A) and 302.211(j)(3)(A).

In order to obtain the proposed modification to the specific thermal standard,

Ameren must demonstrate that discharges resulting in the proposed temperatures will

provide conditions “capable of supporting shellfish, fish, and wildlife” (35 Ill. Adm.

Code 106.202(b)(1) and 302.211(j)(3)(A)). Petitioner has failed to demonstrate that the

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

9

---

proposed temperatures will provide conditions capable of supporting shellfish, fish and

wildlife.

The 1997 variance required that CIPS conduct studies on the effects of its thermal

discharges on the fishery in Coffeen Lake. Southern-Illinois University-Carbondale

(SIUC) conducted studies of the effects of the thermal discharges and resulting

temperatures on Newton Lake and Coffeen Lake from 1997 to 2006. SIUC studied fish

species (largemouth bass, bluegill, and channel catfish) and habitat (dissolved oxygen

and temperature profiles). Ameren retained ASA Analysis & Communication, Inc. to

prepare a report (“ASA Report”) on the possible impacts of the proposed modification to

the thermal limits for the Lake, and has attached the report as an Exhibit 11 in support of

the petition. According to Petitioner, the ASA Report is compiled of a Retrospective

Assessment and Prospective Assessment based on data collected by IDNR, SIUC, and

Ameren.

The Agency has reviewed the ASA Report and SIUC studies, and disagrees with

Petitioner’s statement that the data and ASA Report “demonstrate that Coffeen Lake is

supporting a healthy fishery and that it would continue to do so under anticipated and

worst-case operating conditions even with Ameren’s requested relief.”

Petition at 25

.

SIUC states that fish kills occurred in 1999, 2001, 2002, and 2005, and that the fish kills

were likely attributable to two types of critical conditions: first, ambient conditions such

as hot air temperatures combining with high discharge water temperatures and low levels

of dissolved oxygen, and second, habitat erosion wherein small fish were trapped in a

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

10

---

thermal refuge near the mixing zones and the refuge was eroded by prolonged periods of

heated discharge.

2

The SIUC studies state that the effect of discharge temperatures on fish habitat

depends greatly on weather patterns, and air temperatures in particular. SIUC notes that

mean monthly mixing zone surface water temperatures were higher in 2003 through

2006, due to the stable increase in power production, when compared to 1999, the year of

the fish kill that caused the May and October limits to revert back to the November

through April limits.

3

Based on monitoring of water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and

water depth profiles, SIUC concluded that potentially critical periods existed for fish

between June and mid-September.

4

In 1999, hourly surface temperatures at the outer edge of the mixing zone

exceeded 112 degrees Fahrenheit during 83 hours, with most of the exceedances

occurring between July 23 and 31.

During periods of high ambient temperatures, the

Lake is heated to depths where oxygen levels are too low to support aquatic life and fish

kills occur. SIUC does not indicate a link between average surface temperatures and fish

kills, but does state that fish kills have occurred during periods of maximum water

temperatures.

5

The 1999 fish kills were likely induced by a combination of

elevated, discharge water temperatures, prolonged periods

of relatively hot air temperatures (which reduced the

cooling capacity of the lakes and increased water

The fish kill occurred during this period. SIUC

states that the 1999 fish kill involved 242 largemouth bass and six channel catfish, and

the fish were larger among the larger in the Lake. SIUC states that:

4

2

5

3

EEEExxxxhhhhiiiibbibibiit

t

t

t

12,

1,

1,

,

p.

pp.

Tpp.

a3.

b913le

-13.

-414.

.

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

11

---

temperatures at most depths throughout the lakes), and low

levels of dissolved oxygen due to atmospheric conditions

(which also induced fish kills in local ambient lakes).

Habitat availability was extremely low for extended periods

during late July 1999 in both lakes (Heidinger et al. 2000).

6

The SIUC study links habitat erosion resulting from high mean water

temperatures, at or over 100 degrees Fahrenheit, with fish kills, such as occurred in

August 2001. SIU stated that “the prolonged high temperatures most likely caused fish

mortality in a relatively small cove where the fish’s thermal refuge was broken down.”

7

SIUC cites two fish kills in Coffeen Lake, one in June/July 2002 and one in August 2005,

that were “likely a result of eroding habitat.”

8

The 2002 fish kill involved 42 largemouth

bass, 64 striped bass, and small numbers of other fish species, while the 2005 fish kill

involved 19 channel catfish.

9

SIUC noted that smaller fish kills, such as occurred in July 2001, are more likely

associated with water mixing zone temperatures.

10

In July 2001, 546 channel catfish and

65 largemouth bass were estimated to have died. According to SIUC, minimum water

temperatures were close to 100 degrees Fahrenheit for several days leading up to the fish

kill. SIUC noted that mean temperatures were at least 100 degrees Fahrenheit, and were

“high to a depth of 3m which was the depth at which dissolved oxygen was also limited

at the time.”

11

Data shows that mean monthly mixing zone surface water temperatures were

lower in 1999 than in 2003 through 2006. SIUC states that these temperatures were

9

6

8

7

11

10

IdEEIdEExx.

.

xxhhhhiibibiibibit

t

it

t

1,

1,

11, ,

p.

p.

p.

p.

9.

11.

10.

9.

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

12

---

likely higher due to the increase in power production at the Station.

12

The maximum

hourly surface water temperatures were, however, higher in 1999 than in subsequent

years.

13

SIUC stated that the habitat conditions observed on August 2, 2005 “were the

most critical” during all the years of the study, but only nineteen channel catfish were

counted.

14

SIUC states that it is likely that cooler weather following extremely hot

weather, a lack of cloud cover, and heavy rain events prevented a larger fish kill from

occurring during August 2005, as well as the other years following the 1999 fish kill.

15

According to SIUC, “adequate habitat in Coffeen Lake was very nearly exhausted during

several periods in 2005 and on at least one date in 2006.”

16

The ASA Report provided by Ameren in support of the proposed thermal standard

examined the biological data collected by SIUC during its studies from 1997 to 2006,

evaluating the effect of the thermal conditions on the fish. The ASA Report states that

there is no “evidence of detrimental effects of water temperatures on fish recruitment,

growth, and condition” in the fish under the current limits.

ASA at 5-2

. ASA predicts

that a slow increase in water temperatures in May will provide a more natural thermal

environment, and that an increased May standard will not cause warmer temperatures

throughout the summer months. ASA also states that the warmer temperatures will allow

for a longer growing season and improved winter survival of fish, and that the eastern and

western arms of the Lake will have water temperatures that will provide a nursery and

refuge for young and old fish.

ASA at ES-2.

The ASA Report focuses on the fact that

SIUC attributes the fact that

large fish kills did not occur from 2000 to 2006 to favorable weather conditions.

14

15

13

12

16

EIdEEExxxx

.

hhhhiiiibbibibiit

t

t

t

1,

1,

1,

1,

p.

pp.

p.

.

14.

V3.

14.

II.

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

13

---

fish kills have not occurred in May and October, and states that the proposed limits for

those months will not cause fish kills, as water temperatures and dissolved oxygen levels

associated with fish kills do not occur during those two months. That may be correct, but

higher temperatures in May and October will likely increase the heat load to the Lake

earlier in the summer, causing the water to reach higher temperatures throughout the rest

of the season. Petitioner has not demonstrated that higher temperatures in May and

October will not prolong the period of stratification and lower dissolved oxygen levels

for the fish.

The SIUC studies and subsequent ASA Report have a key difference in that the

SIUC studies evaluate temperature and dissolved oxygen related to depth to measure

habitat conditions, while the ASA Report evaluated cumulative temperature based on

degree days, which is based on surface temperatures at the edge of the mixing zone.

SIUC notes that mixing zone surface temperatures indicate effluent temperatures rather

than indicating water temperatures throughout the Lake and at different depths. The

ASA Report states that “the vertical distribution of temperatures and DO during the

months of May and October” is of greatest concern (

ASA at 2-3

), while the SIUC study

states that the four months of June through September potentially encompass the most

critical period when warm water temperatures may be lethal to fish species.

17

17

Exhibit 2, p. 3.

The ASA

Report would consider the conditions during May and October in isolation, while it is

unknown how increasing heat inputs in May could exacerbate environmental conditions

during the summer months that lead to fish kills. Moreover, the prospective assessment

provided by ASA reflected surface temperatures only. It predicts the May surface

temperature at the edge of the mixing zone to be 95 degrees.

ASA at 4-3

. Suitable habitat

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

14

---

for largemouth bass decrease when temperatures reach over 86 degrees, and oxygen

concentration declines with depth, so available habitat may decline. The SIUC studies

note the decline of dissolved oxygen with depth and the resulting effect on fish habitat,

and stated that critical habitat existed on certain days. The Petitioner has failed to address

the varying temperatures and levels of dissolved oxygen at different depths throughout

the Lake and resulting impacts on fish.

18

From 1997 through 2006, SIUC monitored water temperature, dissolved oxygen,

and water depth profiles during the summer months, and prepared studies of the data

collected. High temperatures and low dissolved oxygen can have negative impacts on

fish growth, and can even be lethal at certain levels. SIUC estimated the amount of the

lake that was available to fish for habitat as a percentage of the depth of the water below

various temperatures, ranging from 87 to 96 degrees Fahrenheit, and above various

dissolved oxygen concentrations, ranging from one to four parts per million.

19

Results

indicated that potentially critical periods for fish existed in the Lake between June and

mid-September.

20

According to the SIUC study, the effect that cooling plants’ water

discharge temperatures have on lake habitat availability is more dependent upon whether

or not there are persistently high air temperatures.

21

18

The Board has asked whether Ameren measured the water temperature and dissolved oxygen during

May and October 2007 and 2008, and has requested information regarding the temperature monitoring

locations and depths.

21

19

20

EEExxxhhhiiibibibit

t

t 1,

1,

1,

p.

pp.

pp.

4.

58--9.

6.

On July 23, 1999, four days prior to

the fish kill that caused the termination of the 1997 variance, SIUC researchers estimated

the habitat available at or below 94 degrees Fahrenheit and with at least four ppm

dissolved oxygen was ten percent in segment one of the lake and five percent in segment

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

15

---

two.

22

During the course of the study, SIUC estimated habitat conditions to be the most

critical on August 8, 2001, July 6 and 8, 2002, August 20, 2003, June 28, 2005, July 27,

2005, August 2, 2005, and August 3, 2006.

23

Based on the water quality and the fact that

dead fish were observed, SIUC stated that it is likely that adequate habitat was nearly

exhausted during several periods in 2005 and at least one in 2006.

24

The SIUC study

states that the dissolved oxygen/temperature profiles demonstrated that certain areas of

the Lake could serve as refuges for fish during heavy thermal loading and low oxygen

events, but that during the critical period of June through September, even those areas

would likely have critically low quality habitat.

25

The Illinois EPA’s 2008 Integrated Water Quality Report listed Coffeen Lake as

fully supporting aquatic life use, but not supporting fish consumption and aesthetic

quality uses. The causes for aesthetic quality uses are aquatic plants, total phosphorus,

and total suspended solids. The cause for fish consumption use was mercury. Increasing

the water temperatures may also increase the phosphorus levels of the Lake. Dissolved

oxygen and temperature profiles for Coffeen Lake showed evidence that segment one of

the Lake begins to stratify in late April to May, and remains stratified until September.

Increased temperatures in October may prolong the period of stratification. Stratification

periods affect water quality because under anoxic conditions phosphorus is released into

Increased thermal loading during May

and October would likely exacerbate the lack of suitable fish habitat during critical

periods.

23

22

24

25

EEEIdxxx

.

hhhiiibibibit

t

t

1,

3,

1,

pp.

p.

pp.

14.

51--15.

6, Table 7.

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

16

---

the water from the sediments. Phosphorus is the limiting nutrient in the Lake and is

responsible for algal growth.

The Illinois EPA approved a Total Maximum Daily Load (“TMDL”) for

phosphorus for Coffeen Lake in August 2007. A TMDL is a calculation of the maximum

amount of a pollutant that a waterbody can receive and still meet water quality standards.

The TMDL endpoint for total phosphorus was set at 0.05 mg/L (the general use water

quality standard for lakes with a surface area greater than 20 acres). Stratification periods

affect water quality because under anoxic conditions at the lake sediment-water interface,

phosphorus is released into overlying waters. Phosphorus continues to accumulate in the

hypolimnion during stratification and is mixed in the water column during fall turnover.

The amount of phosphorus released from the sediments is directly related to the period of

anoxia during stratification. The longer the period of stratification and anoxia, the greater

the phosphorus concentration. This process is called internal loading of phosphorus

because the source of the phosphorus is the lake sediments.

The TMDL determined that a 64 percent reduction in tributary and internal phosphorus

loading was necessary in order to meet the water quality target. This calculation of

loading capacity in the TMDL report was based on a three foot increase in the level of the

Lake, as Ameren had indicated plans to raise the dam to increase the level of the Lake in

order to meet increasing productions needs. To date there has been no increase in the

level of the Lake. Given current levels, a higher phosphorus reduction would be

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

17

---

necessary to meet the water quality target.

26

ASA used a one-dimensional thermal model to predict lake temperatures expected

to occur as a result of increases in power produced and the resulting heat loading. The

model predicted mean hourly water temperatures along the cooling loop from the mixing

zone boundary to the intake at 1,000-foot intervals. This analysis only reflects surface

temperatures. The model predicted a median temperature at the edge of the mixing zone

Petitioner has not addressed the impact of

the proposed thermal limits on phosphorus levels in the Lake.

As noted above, the Lake is also currently on the Agency’s 303(d) List of

impaired waters for mercury. During periods of stratification and low dissolved oxygen,

more methylmercury is produced. Methylmercury bioaccumulates and is typically found

in predatory fish. If the temperature of the Lake is higher in May and October, and the

period of stratification is lengthened, the levels of mercury in the fish may also increase.

Petitioner has not addressed the possible effects of the proposed thermal limits on the

Lake’s mercury levels.

A key difference between the ASA Report and the SIUC studies is the evaluation

of temperature and dissolved oxygen. While SIUC evaluated temperature and dissolved

oxygen profiles related to depth in order to estimate habitat conditions, ASA evaluated

cumulative temperature based on degree days. Degree days are based on surface

temperatures at the edge of the mixing zone. Mixing zone temperatures do not

necessarily predict temperatures in other parts of the lake or with depth. According to the

SIUC studies, the critical factor is habitat as defined by temperature and dissolved

oxygen concentrations rather than degree days based on surface temperatures.

26

Ameren has not raised the level of the dam, but has applied for 401 certification to pump water from

Shoal Creek into the Lake to meet the water requirements of air pollution control equipment that will be

installed at the Station.

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

18

---

to be 95 degrees Fahrenheit in May, which is seven degrees higher than the current limits

allow. When considering available habitat for fish, it is important to take into

consideration how far down the heat is transferred into the water column. If surface

temperatures start seven degrees higher than the current temperatures in May, estimates

of available habitat may also decline proportionally compared to estimates made under

the current standard.

ASA briefly discussed dissolved oxygen and vertical stratification, but very little

data was presented. Only vertical profiles for May and September of 2006 and October

of 2000 were presented. ASA states that “of greatest concern is the vertical distribution

of temperatures and DO during the months of May and October.”

ASA at 2-3.

The time

of greatest concern for the quality of the Lake is the period of lake stratification. The

ASA Report emphasized conditions during May and October only, without considering

that those two months are not isolated. Abiotic conditions in May and October are not

independent, but reflect conditions occurring prior to and affect conditions occurring after

those months. While it is true that the fish kills that have occurred in the Lake did not

occur in May and October, the Petitioner has not demonstrated that increasing heat inputs

in May will not exacerbate conditions during the summer months and cause fish kills,

especially during certain weather conditions, such as prolonged high air temperatures,

cloud cover, and lack of rainfall. Petitioner also has not demonstrated that increased

loading in October will not prolong the stratification period in the Lake.

Petitioner has failed to demonstrate what impacts the proposed thermal limits for

May and October will have on the critical period of June through September. Will the

proposed limits increase the heat loading and have negative impacts on habitat during the

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

19

---

summer months, and increase the period of stratification in the fall? SIUC has stated that

air temperature has a significant impact on the effects of cooling plant discharges on fish

habitat in the Lake. During past fish kills, a combination of high air temperatures, cloud

cover, and high water temperatures have eroded fish habitat in the Lake. Petitioner has

not demonstrated whether another fish kill would occur under the proposed limits if those

factors were to occur simultaneously.

Further, IDNR’s March 23, 2007 Lake Management Status Report states the

largemouth bass population has declined in relative weight, and numbers of large fish

have declined. According to IDNR, “this seems to be occurring with all species in this

water body.”

Petition, Exhibit 12 at 3.

Similarly, according to IDNR, the bluegill and

channel catfish are also declining in relative weights. The conditions of the fish

population in the Lake as noted by IDNR show the Petitioner has not demonstrated that

the proposed thermal limits would provide conditions capable of supporting shellfish, fish

and wildlife, as required by 35 Ill. Adm. Code 106.202(b)(1)(A) and 302.211(j)(3)(A).

1.

Petitioner has not demonstrated that the alternatives to the proposed

modification to the specific thermal standard for the discharge to Coffeen Lake are

not technically feasible and economically reasonable, in accordance with 35 Ill.

Adm. Code 106.202(b)(1)(B) and 302.211(j)(3)(B).

Ameren has not demonstrated that the alternatives to the proposed modification to

the specific thermal standard for Coffeen Lake are not technically feasible and

economically reasonable. Ameren has stated that alternatives to raising the May and

October thermal limits, (including constructing additional cooling basins, cooling towers,

and de-rating) are not economically reasonable, estimating the cost of a helper cooling

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

20

---

tower at $13,000,000 to $18,000,000. Since 2000, Ameren has spent $27,687,000 on

enhancements to the plant’s cooling system.

Petition at 27.

According to the Petition,

the Coffeen Cooling System Thermal Study prepared by Ameren’s consultant, Sargent

and Lundy, found four options to be technically feasible: construction of a new 175,000

gpm helper tower; construction of a new 130,000 gpm helper tower; construction of a

new 100,000 gpm helper tower; and operation of the existing system with continued unit

de-rating.

Petition at 30-32.

At an estimated cost of $18,000,000, the 175,000 gpm

helper tower would allow the Petitioner to maintain compliance with the current thermal

limits without de-rating. Petitioner estimates that it would recover the costs of this

alternative 11.5 years after commissioning the new helper tower.

B.

Prior proceedings pursuant to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 302.211(j)(3) in

which Petitioner was a party (35 Ill. Adm. Code 106.202(b)(3)).

CIPS initially filed a petition with the Board requesting a specific thermal

standard for Coffeen Lake on May 31, 1977.

27

The Board then set an interim thermal

standard for Coffeen Lake requiring that the temperature at the edge of the mixing zone

not exceed 98 degrees Fahrenheit for more than 8.2 percent of the hours in a twelve-

month period, and at no time exceed 108 degrees Fahrenheit. On March 19, 1982, the

Board granted the site specific thermal limits for Coffeen Lake.

28

27

28

CIdIP

.

S v. IEPA, PCB 77-158, PCB 78-100 (consolidated) (March 18, 1982).

The limits required

discharges not resulting in a temperature, measured at the outside edge of the mixing

zone, which exceeds 105 degrees Fahrenheit as a monthly average from June through

September, and 112 degrees Fahrenheit as a maximum for more than three percent of the

hours during that same period; and exceeds 89 degrees Fahrenheit as a monthly average

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

21

---

from October through May, and 94 degrees Fahrenheit as a maximum for more than two

percent of the hours during that same period.

On June 5, 1997, the Board granted a variance from the original May and October

thermal limits, allowing the June through September temperatures to apply in May and

October.

29

Pursuant to Sections 301 and 402 of the CWA, 33 U.S.C. 1311 and 1342,

respectively, thermal discharges are permitted under the NPDES permit requirements,

and specific thermal limits are then incorporated into the NPDES permit. Section 316 of

the CWA allows states to develop alternative thermal limits so long as the alternative

limits will “assure protection and propagation of “shellfish, fish, and wildlife.”

The Board made the variance conditional upon the completion of studies on

the effect of the thermal discharges on the lake’s fishery, and required that it be

terminated if a fish kill should occur. A fish kill occurred in July 1999, causing

termination of the variance. Upon termination of the variance, the May and October

thermal standard reverted to the non-summer standard.

VI. CONSISTENCY WITH FEDERAL LAW

30

30

29

C33 IPUS

.Sv.

.

CIE

. 13PA26(

, PaCB

).

97-131 (June 5, 1997).

The

Board has set this standard in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 302.211(j)(3)(A). Petitioner has failed

to demonstrate that the proposed modification to the specific thermal standard for

Coffeen Lake will “assure protection and propagation” of shellfish, fish, and wildlife, in

accordance with the CWA and Board regulations.

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

22

---

VII. HEARING

Ameren states that the Board’s rules do not require a hearing in this matter, and

has agreed to waive hearing on the petition.

Petition at 37.

The Board has scheduled a

hearing for May 19, 2009.

VIII. RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION

In order to obtain a specific thermal standard for an artificial cooling lake, the

discharger must demonstrate, pursuant to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 106.200(a)(2)(A), that “the

artificial cooling lake receiving the heated effluent will be environmentally acceptable

and within the intent of the Act,” and must meet the requirements of 35 Ill. Adm. Code

302.211(j)(3). Pursuant to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 106.200(a) and consistent with 35 Ill. Adm.

Code 106.202(b) and 302.211(j)(3), the Agency recommends that the Petitioner’s request

for the proposed modification to the specific thermal standard for Coffeen Lake be

DENIED.

Petitioner has failed to demonstrate that the proposed modification will allow it to

provide conditions capable of supporting shellfish, fish and wildlife. Petitioner has failed

to demonstrate that the alternatives to the proposed modification to the thermal standard

are technically infeasible and economically unreasonable. Consequently, Ameren has not

met the requirements of S. 28.1 of the Act, 415 ILCS 5/28.1 (2008), and 35 Ill. Adm.

Code 106.200(a), 106.202(b), and 302.211(j). Therefore, the Agency recommends that

the Board deny the Petitioner’s request to modify the specific thermal limits for Coffeen

Lake.

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

23

---

WHEREFORE

, for the reasons stated herein, the Illinois EPA recommends that

the Board

DENY

Ameren’s Petition.

Respectfully submitted,

ILLINOIS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

By:_____________________________

Joey Logan-Wilkey

Assistant Counsel

Division of Legal Counsel

Dated: April 24, 2009

Illinois Environmental Protection Agency

1021 North Grand Avenue East

Post Office Box 19276

Springfield, Illinois 62794-9276

(217) 782-5544

THIS FILING PRINTED ON RECYCLED PAPER

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

24

---

EXHIBIT LIST

1.

Ameren Newton and Coffeen Lakes Research and Monitoring Project Annual Report, Southern

llIinois University at Carbondale, March 2007.

2.

Anieren Newton and Coffeen Lakes Research and Monitoring Project Draft Report, Southern

llIinois University at Carbondale, February 2004.

3.

Ameren Newton and Coffeen Lakes Research and Monitoring Project Status Report, Southern

llIinois University at Carbondale, November 2000.

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE

I,

Joey Logan-Wilkey, certify that 1 have served electronically the attached MOTION

FOR LEAVE TO FILE INSTANTER and RECOMMENDATION OF THE ILLINOIS

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, upon the following persons:

John Theirrault, Clerk

Illinois Pollution Control Board

James R. Thompson Center

100 W. Randolph, Suite 11-500

Chicago, Illinois 6060 I

Carol Webb, Hearing Officer

Illinois Pollution Control Board

1021 North Grand Ave. East

P.O. Box 19274

Springfield, IL 62794-9274

Dated: . April 24,

2009

Amy Antoniolli

SCHIFF HARDIN, LLP

6600 Sears Tower

233 South Wacker

Chicago, Illinois 60606

David Loring

SCHIFF HARDIN, LLP

6600 Sears Tower

233 South Wacker Drive

Chicago, IL 60606

JOeYL(lg:Wilkey

Assistant Counsel

J

Division

of Legal Counsel

Illinois Environmental Protection Agency

THIS FILING PRINTED ON RECYCLED PAPER

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

EXHIBIT 1

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Ameren Newton and Coffeen Lakes

Research and Monitoring Project

Annual Report

Principal Investigators

Ronald C. Brooks

Roy C. Heidinger

Fisheries

&

Illinois Aquaculture Center

Southern Illinois University at Carbondale

March 2007

DRAFT

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Table of Contents

LIST OF T ABLES........................................................................................ ............. ....

III

L1STOF FIGURES ......................................................... ,...............................................

V

ABSTRACT .................................... ;.;.................................................

VI

INTRODUC110N................................................................................

J

PLANT OPERA nON IN'R.£LATION TO DISCHARGE STANDARDS...... ........ .

2

HABITAT

TemperaturelOxygenfDepthProfiles................................... ... ......... ...

3

WatdLevels.; ............................. ; ............... .' .............. ,. ......... .........

7

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH FISH KILLS.............................................

8

SUMMARy ........................................ , ..... ; ........................ :.;..............

13

REFERENCES.: ........ ; ..........•.. ; ....... ; ...................... ,,;................................

16

APPENDIX A Depth, Temperature. Oxygen Profile........ ................. ...... A.I. A-,89

11

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

List of Tables

Ameren Project's basic sampling schedule for data collected

concurrently

from 1997 through 2006 .................................................................... 17

2

Comparison of summer and fall mean monthly temperatures (oF) at the outer

edge of the discharge mixing

zones .............................................................................................................................

•

)8

3

Hourly surface temperatures in 1999 that exceeded 111°F at the outer edge of

Newton Lake discharge mixing zone. Within a year total hours above) 11°F

were not to exceed) ) O°F (3% of tot a! number of hours during the period June-

October, 3,672 hours) .................................................................................................... 19

4

Hour)y surface temperatures in 1999 that exceeded 112°F at the outer edge of

Coffeen Lake discharge mixing zone. Within a year total hours above ) 12°F

were not to exceed 132 (3% of total number of hours during the period May

~

October, 4,416 hours) .................................................................................................... 20

5

Percent habitat among segments at various temperatures and oxygen ranges in

Coffeen Lake during May-September 2006 Profiles were taken from 10:00 a.m

to 7:00 p.m ..................................................................................................................... 21

6

Percent habitat among segments at various temperatures and oxygen ranges in

Newton Lake during May-September 2006. Profiles were taken from 10:00 a.m.

to

6:30 p.m ......................................................................... : ........................................... 26

7

Comparison of the three days in Coffeen Lake during 1998 through 2006 that had

the worst habitat conditions. Comparisons are made at 3 ppm dissolved for 4

temperatures. Percent habitats

were averaged for Segments 1 and 2. Percentages for

Segments 3 and 4 are given

in

parentheses when the segments were sampled from

2000 through 2006 ....................................... , ...............................................................

.3)

8

Comparison of the three days in Newton Lake during) 998 through 2006 that had

the worst habitat conditions. Comparisons are made at 3-ppm dissolved for 4

temperatures. Percent habitats were averaged in all four segments .............................. 33

9

Numbers of dead and moribund fishes observed by SIU personnel in Coffeen Lake

in 1999 .......................................................................................... : ................................ 35

10

Table ) O. Number of dead and morbid fishes observed by SIU personnel in Newton

Lake

in

1999 ................................................................................................................. .36

) I

Number and total length of dead and morbid fish observed by SJU personnel in

Coffeen Lake and Newton Lake in 2000 and 2001 ....................................................... 37

III

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

12

Number and total length of dead and moribund fish estimated by IDNR personnel

in Coffeen

Lake from 24 June through 4 July. 2002 .................................................... .39

IV

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Figure

List of Figures

Newton Lake with four segments where sampling was conducted. Water

temperature and dissolved oxygen were sampled at each transect line from

August 1997 through

2006. Numbers represent locations

of continuous

temperature recorders .................................................................................................

.. 040

2

Coffeen Lake with two segments where sampling

was

conducted for water

temperature and dissolved oxygen from August 1997 through 2006. Segments 3

and 4 were added in 2000. Sampling sites are represented by numbers inside

lake borders ..................................................................................................................

Al

3

Mean daily temperatures during 2006 at four monitoring stations in Newton Lake

at a depth of I.S meters. Segment one represents the discharge mixing area, and the

stations are spaced throughout the lake to Segments 4 which is near the water

intake area ...................................................................................................................... 42

4

Mean daily temperatures during 2006 in Newton Lake Segment I. Lake bottom

is approximately 16.4

feet .......................................................................................... 43

5

Mean daily temperatures in Segment I (mixing zone) during 2006 in Coffeen

Lake. Lake bottom is approximately 18.0 feet... ..........................................................

44

6

Mean daily temperatures during 2006 at four monitoring stations in the Coffeen

Lake at a depth

of 1.5 meters. Segment one represents the discharge mixing area,

and the stations are spaced throughout the lake

to Segments 4 which is near the

water intake area ........................................................................................................... .45

7

Water levels (feet) in relation to pool level in Newlon Lake during

1997-2000 .......... 46

8

Water levels (feet) in relation

to pool level in Newton Lake during 2001-2004 .......... 47

9

Water levels (feet) in relation to pool level in Newton Lake during 2005-2006 .......... 48

10

Water levels (feet) in relation to pool level in Coffeen Lake during 1997-2000 ......... 49

II

Water levels (feet) in relation to pool level in Coffeen Lake during 2001-2004 ......... 50

12

Water levels (feet) in relation to pool level inCoffeen Lake during 2005. No data

was available for 2006 ..................................................................................................

51

v

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

ABSTRACT

Water temperatures in power-cooling reservoirs are often elevated to the point where summer

habitat is limited for most fishes. Occasionally. increases in water temperatures may be

responsible for stress-related fish kills. Since 1997.

three

types of critical conditions that

resulted in fish kills have been recognized in Newton and Coffeen Lakes. The first type was

associated with severe summer ambient conditions. and lead to the most severe fish kills. The

largest fish kill of mature largemouth bass in

both

Newton Lake and Coffeen Lake occurred in

1999 when elevated water temperatures associated with an experimental mixing zone surface

water temperature variance combined with summer weather conditions that caused particularly

low levels of dissolved oxygen. Weather conditions that promoted a dissolved oxygen

reduction in the power-cooling reservoirs also caused fish kills in local ambient lakes.

Another type of fish kill that likely occurred was habitat erosion, and we believe it accounted

for three smaller fish kills since 1997. In 200 I there was a temperature-related fisb kill on July

10 in Coffeen Lake and August 24 in Newton Lake. A small fish kill (124 fish) was observed

by SIU personnel and estimated by IDNR between 24 June and 4 July. 2002 in Coffeen Lake. In

these cases. the small fish were probably trapped in a thennal refuge near or in the discharge

mixing zones. Prolonged periods

of healed discharge eventually eroded away the refuge. The

third type of fish kill is angler related. During 2003. 2004 and 2006, few dead fish were

observed either lake. and the deaths appeared

to

be angler related. it accounted for the most

frequent occurrences. but the least number of deaths. The dead or moribund fish are often in

proximity of boat ramps or popular fishing areas. The bass probably succumbed to angling

related stress. Such events were occasionally witnessed by SIU personnel during the warmest

VI

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

periods. The deaths are usually delayed, and most anglers are not aware of the problem. The

same sporadic fish mortality was true in Newton Lake during 2005, but in Coffeen Lake, 19

channel catfish were observed on 2 August, 2005, and habitat conditions were the most criteal

we observed throught the eight years of this study. Fish were not collected for biological data

following 2004. The preponderance of the data collected during 2000 through 2004 suggests

that there were no long-term negative effects of the fish kills in either of these lakes.

VIJ

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

INTRODUCfION

This report includes 2006 water temperature and dissolved oxygen data collected in Newton

Lake and Coffeen Lake in Illinois. The data was collected using the same methods employed

annually since

fall 1997 (Heidinger et a!. 2000) to facilitate comparison among years. Habitat

availability

was determined by combining water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and depth; the

limiting factors being water temperature tolerances in conjunction with dissolved oxygen available

to the fish.

The original project, which encompassed fall 1997 through fall 1999, monitored biotic

communities ranging

from phytoplankton through major sportfish. The goal was to determine

conditions

of the biotic communities prior to a water temperature "Variance" initiated in 1999 and

compare those evaluations to the same parameters during and after the "Variance". A fish kill

occurred during July,

1999 in both lakes while the power plants were operating under the new

"Variance" (Heidinger

et al. 2000).

As

a result of the fish kills and other economic considerations,

the corporate decision

was made to add additional cooling capacity to the Newton Lake and Coffeen

Lake electrical generating stations. After summer 1999, the impetus of the study was to determine if

the 1999 fish kill and subsequent smaller fish kills in either lake adversely affected three major

sportfish populations

in the lakes - channel catfish, largemouth bass, and bluegill. Data presented in

this 2006 report will be used in conjunction with the previous years' water quality data primarily to

examine

trends of the abiotic parameters during potentially stressful summer periods.

For sampling purposes,

Newton Lake was divided into foUr segments (Figure I). From 1997

to 1999, Coffeen Lake was divided into two sampling segments. Beginning in 2000,

temperature/oxygen/depth profiles

were taken in two additional Segments (3 and 4) in Coffeen Lake

(Figure 2). The basic sampling regime for data collected concurrently from 1997-2006 is outlined in

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Table I. A fuJI description of the methods can be found in Appendix A. The 2006 study was

approved and initiated at Newton Lake and Coffeen Lake during May.

PLANT OPERATION IN RELATION TO DISCHARGE STANDARDS

Four months (June-September) potentially encompass the critical period when extremely

warm water temperatures may be lethal

to

fish species, and extremely warm ambient temperatures

were prevalent throughout summer 2006. Mean monthly water temperatures were not excessively

high in Newton Lake during 2006 (Table 2). Water discharge temperatures throughout the study

period were greater than I 06.0°F on only II occasions (19 July) and were never higher than 106.2.

These water discharge temperatures were not conducive of critical consequences to the biota present

in Newton lake. In fact, since 1999, neither mean monthly nor hourly temperatures have approached

the old "Variance" levels of 102°F and 111°F, respectively. The highest monthly average

temperature

(104.1 OF) during this study was recorded during July 1999, and hourly temperatures

were consistently the highest recorded during this study exceeding 111°F on 100 occasions (Table

3).

Coffeen Lake mixing zone water temperatures were recorded hourly at the edge of the

mixing zone in Segment I (Figure 2) either by Ameren or SIU-C for the past eight years. SIU-C's

temperature logger placement

was located

in

direct proximity to the station used by Ameren for

measuring surface

water temperatures in the mixing zone. However, the SIU-C temperature loggers

were within 6 inches of the surface, and the biostations used by AMEREN have sensors located near

the bottom of the buoys (approximately 28 inches below the surface). Therefore, mean monthly

mixing zone water temperatures determined from SIU-C temperature loggers for 2001, July 2003,

July-August

2004, and in 2006 are higher than would have been indicated for tile deeper sensors on

the biostations. This is especially true in Coffeen Lake where there can be a distinct drop in

2

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

temperature throughout the upper three meters of water in that area of the lake (Figure 5). Hence, the

discharge water temperatures reported using SIU-C's were the highest

among the eight years studied

in Coffeen Lake

(Table 2).

Given the corrections likely required for

the previous two-years' data, it is likely that June -

September

2005 and 2006 water discharge temperatures averaged higher than the previous years,

and they were certainly higher than in 1999 - year of the fish kiIJ (Table 2). However, the maximum

water discharge temperature

.

recorded in 2006

.

was 111.9°F,

.

and there

were only 5 records where

hourly temperatures exceeded 1

J

1°F. Those temperatures occurred dwing 30 and 3 I July. Although

these water discharge temperatures were high,

they were apparently infrequent enough that the biota

in Coffeen Lake did not succumb enmass

to

excessive thermal stress. When fish kills occurred,jn

1999, the

maximum hourly surface water temperatures were higher (J 15.4°P) and more frequent

than in 2005 or

2006 (Table 4). Additional weather-related factors in J 999 prolonged conditions that

limited the cooling capacity

of the lake water and resulted in temperatures that were elevated at all

depths and in

all segments of the lake (Appendix

B).

It should also be noted that in 2006, water

temperatures cooled considerably

as the distance increased from the discharge mixing zone (Figure

6).

HABITAT

TemperatureiOxygenlDepth Profiles

Seasonal temperature/oxygen

{depth profiles were tai(en in Newton Lake and Coffeen Lake

from 1997 through 2006 (Appendix A). Exact periods of data collection varied somewhat by grant

time lines,

but the historically, most stressful periods for the fish were usually encompassed. We

estimated how much of the lake or lake segments were available to the fish as a percentage of the

3

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

depth of the water that was below various temperatures (87-96° F) and above various dissolved

oxygen levels (l-4ppm) (Heidinger et al. 2000). The mean percentage difference

in

habitat was

calculated

at 1.0° F intervals from 87-97° F at dissolved oxygen levels from 1-4ppm at 1 ppm

intervals. A detailed explanation of the methods used for habitat analyses can be found in Appendix

A.

During 2000-2006, we added two additional lake segments (Segments 3 and 4) to our

original

two segments (Segments I and 2) in Coffeen Lake. Segment 3 is the large arm on the west

side

of Coffeen Lake known as cemetery bay, and segment 4 is the area between the intake canal and

the railroad bridge. Both segment 3 and segment 4 are outside of the normal cooling loop.

Habitat availability

was recorded year around during the initial

three

years of study. The

results indicated that potentially critical periods

for fish existed in the power-cooling lakes between

June and mid-September. Therefore, since 2000, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and depth

profiles

were monitored only during the summer periods when the grant time lines permitted.

Initially

in the study period, habitat availability was compared between morning and

afternoon

samples.

It

appeared that afternoon temperature/oxygen/depth profiles gave a reasonable

estimate

of when the amounts of habitat available to the fish at various temperature and oxygen

levels were at a minimum (Heidinger et a1. 200

I).

Thus, since 2001, habitat profiles were taken in

the afternoon periods when possible. To facilitate comparing profiles, data used in this report were

taken from the latest possible times recorded within a date for each year prior to 2002.

Habitat data

(2006) complete with all temperature ranges (87 - 96°F), dissolved oxygen

levels

(I -

4), segments

(l -

4) and sample dates are presented in Appendix A. Ancillary versions of

that appendix are given in Table 5 (Coffeen Lake) and Table 6 (Newton Lake). We also determined

4

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

the three days per year that had the smallest amount of habitat from our samples from 1998 through

2006 for Coffeen Lake (Table 7) and Newton Lake (Table 8). In 2002, because of the contract time

line, habitat monitoring fonnally started August I. However, since there was a particularly warm

period in July, we took temperature, oxygen, and depth profiles

in

Coffeen Lake on 6 and 8 July.

For Chapter I, habitat tables (2006) were condensed to include only four temperatures (87, 90, 93,

and 96°F), and tables with data providing dates with the most critical habitat conditions during 1998-

2006 were compiled using 3-ppm dissolved oxygen as a minimum criterion for the biotic

communities at the

same four temperatures. Habitat percentages represent means across all four

segments

in

Newton Lake (Figure I) and only segments one and two in Coffeen Lake (Figure 2).

During 2006 in Coffeen Lake, 22 June, 19 July, and 3 August were the three days when

water quality was measured and conditions appeared to

be

most critical (Table 7). Those were days

when habitat availability in the cooling loop (segments I and 2) was less than 10% at 90°F.

Although the temperature and available dissolved oxygen were above the largemouth bass preferred

temperatures, only

on 3 August did the profLies indicate extremely stresl;ful conditions. Adequate

levels of dissolved oxygen were not present throughout the lake until water temperatures were

greater than 93°F. At 93°F and 3 ppm dissolved oxygen, fish would be compelled to locate some

type of thermal refugia to avoid short-term thermal stress. The fact that no fish kill occurred

underscores the

resilience and adaptability of fishes to extreme environmental conditions over time.

However, if conditions eroded further than were witnessed on 3 August, it is most likely that a large-

scale fish kill could have occured.

Similar critical habitat conditions have

been

apparent on seven other dates during the eight

years of data collection (Table 7). Two of the seven dates occurred in 2005 (Brooks et al. 2006). No

sigllificant fish kills occurred on any of the other dates following the 1999 fish kill despite the fact

5

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

that suitable habitat was extremely limited.

It

is possible that in 1999, habitat conditions were worst

after the sample dates when fish kills were reported. Habitat conditions were as critical on 8 August,

2001,6 July and 8 July, 2001,20 August, 2003

and

in all three of the dates in 2005 as they were on

23 July, 1999 - just four days before the major portion of the fish kill occured.

Based on the few numbers offish kills that occurred during this study despite apparrently

stressful conditions, average, lake wide habitat values do not necessarily give a complete indication

ofhow stressful the habitat really is to fish in specific sections of the lake. For example, most

habitat

values in Coffeen Lake indicate more limited quality habitat in Segment I than when both

segments are averaged. Extremely limited habitat was available to fish in Coffeen Lake on the eight

dates previously indicated (Table 7). Interestingly, and perhaps indicating more serious conditions,

these low levels usually occurred in both the cooling loop (Segments 1 and 2) and outside of the

cooling loop (Segments 3 and 4) in 2005 and 2006 (Table 5).

In

Newton Lake, the most critical periods ooccured prior

to

2006 . This was particularly true

on 24 July, 1999,25 July

and

7 August 2001, and 2 August 2002 (Tables 8). On two dates in 2005

dates (28 June and 26 July), water quality was worst

than

all other dates sampled during the eight-

year sampling period except 24 July, 1999. At 90° F,

0"10

habitat with 3-ppm oxygen occurred on 24

july

1999 and on 26 July 2005; but on 25 July 2001 and 28 June 2005, only 2% habitat was

available to fish (Table 8). To put this in perspective, iflhe lake depth averaged 5 m, 2% oflhal

depth would mean only 0.1 m of water was available to the fish on that date. Fish kills occurred

within three days of the 1999 and 200 I sampling dates. All four segments are in the cooling loop in

Newton Lake.. Segments I and 2 (discharge ann) tend to have less desirable habitat during the

sununer months than Segments 3 and 4 (intake arm) (Table 6). It is likely that most of the fish killed

during the periods of critical habitat were located well inside the discharge arm when the potentially

6

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

fatal conditions began. If this were not true, then the fish kills would have involved much higher

numbers

of fish within and among species. Despite the very critical conditions prevalent in summer

2005,

no fish kills were detected in Newton Lake .. Conditions in 2006 were never critical on the

dates sampled.

Water

Levels

Water levels in power-cooling reservoirs are typically lower

than pool. Effects of lower water

levels on fish species are dependent on the extent of aquatic macrophyte habitats lost. In Newton

Lake, six of the seven worst habitat conditions occurred when water levels were at least 1.5 feet

below pool level (Figures 7 - 9). 11le seventh occurred

in

1999, just prior to the water levels

dropping

to 2.0 feet below pool. However, since there have been several summer periods when water

levels were similar

to

the aforementioned dates (including 2005), effects of low water levels on fish

stress are unclear at this time. Water levels occasionally are greater than pool over extended periods.

No attempt has been made to determine the extent of spillway mortality in Newton or Coffeen lakes.

Given the amount of movement of largemouth bass exhibit throughout all seasons, it is likely that

some do escape over the spillway.

In

Coffeen Lake, water levels fluctuate more than in Newton Lake. The levels have dipped to

over 3 feet below pool during four extended periods over the last eight years (Figures 10-\2).

Examination

of the most severe habitat conditions does not show any indication that low water

levels promote the poor habitat conditions. As one would expect, those periods when water levels

were over pool level often occurred during late spring or early summer. Since the higher water levels

were infrequent, spillway mortality was not considered to be a threat to sport species in the lake.

7

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH FISH KILLS

In every reservoir or body of water where fish exist, one can find dead fish over the COurse of

a summer or year. The deaths may have been natural or induced by extraordinary events. As we have

discussed in this and previous reports, excessive water temperatures alone rarely cause massive fish

kills. In

most instances, there are other factors acting in concert with water temperatures to cause fish

kills.

In reservoirs, prolonged calm, cloudy weather patterns during warm periods can cause oxygen

depletions that result

in fish kills of a larger magnitude. Characteristically, few fish species are

spared, but mortality among the species is dependent upon their tolerance to low levels of dissolved

oxygen. Such a weather pattern occurred during July, 1999 when fish kills occurred in Newton and

Coffeen lakes - as well as in ambient lakes such as East Fork Lake near Olney, Illinois. Personnel

from SIU-C observed 121 largemouth bass and 8 dead or morbid channel catfish in Coffeen Lake

(Table

9). In Newton Lake, 227 largemouth bass and 70 channel catfish were observed dead or

dying (fable 10).

Under the high thermal loading parameters in Newton Lake, no differences in net primary

productivity or chlorophyll were observed in

July and August (1999) as compared to July and

August

(I

998). Some of the fauna such as zooplankton, benthos number, benthos weight, and

phytomacrobenthos actually increased (Heidinger et aI. 2000). Thus, the data did not suggest long-

term perturbation

of the primary biota in the lakes. Examination of the fish indices resulted in similar

conclusions.

The number of largemouth bass that died in Coffeen Lake and Newton Lake in 1999, relative

to their abundance in the two lakes, indicated no significant long-term negative effects on the two

bass popUlations were likely. In Coffeen Lake, assuming that only 50% of the largemouth bass that

died were counted, then 242 bass died (0.22 pel' acre). If there were 20 bass per acre in Coffeen

8

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Lake

(I

100 acres), then the death of 242 bass represented only 1% of the population. Although we

have no recent creel data for Coffeen Lake, 242 bass is probably well below what is removed by

anglers each year. Also, to place the 1% mortality due to the fish kill in perspective, the average

total annual mortality rate for largemouth bass in Coffeen Lake from 1997-2004 is approximately

42% (Brooks and Heidinger 2005). In Newton Lake, assuming 20 largemouth bass per acre (1,750

acres), there were 35,000 bass in the lake before the kill. If anything, this was an underestimate,

considering that

from OVI6/98 through I

V3) 198

the creel indicated that 60,187 bass were caught

(Heidinger et

aJ. 2002). In other words, if there were 35,000 bass in the lake, each bass on average

was caught 1.7 times. Based on an estimate of 454 bass killed during the 1999 event and a

population

of 35,000 bass, the death of 454 (0.26 per acre) bass in Newton Lake would equal only

I

%

of the population. Again, to place the 1

%

of dead bass

in

perspective, average total annual

mortality for bass in Newton Lake from ) 997-2004 is approximately 57% .

The 1999 fish kills were likely induced by a combination of elevated, discharge water

temperatures, prolonged periods

of relatively hot air temperatures (which reduced the cooling

capacity

of the lakes and increased water temperatures at most depths throughout the lakes), and

low levels of dissolved oxygen due to atmospheric conditions (which also induced fish kills in local

ambient

lakes). Habitat availability was extremely low for extended periods during late July) 999 in

both lakes (Heidinger et aJ. 2000). A combination offactors caused the ) 999 fish kills; but the kills

were relatively insignificant to the sportfish populations.

Fish kills of smaller magnitudes also occurred in the two reservoirs during the study. Those

kills were likely more directly associated with water mixing zone temperatures. Water currents

associated

with power-cooling discharges cause the biota behavior to be more characteristic of slow-

moving rivers than of reservoirs. As a result, fish movement increases over that of ambient

9

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

reservoirs. The movement is, in large part, dictated by forage abundance and locality. In power-

cooling reservoirs, forage species often inhabits water temperatures near their thermal maximums

because their food supply is more abundant there. If a sudden pulse of lethally hot water is pushed

through, and some fish happen to be located in a cove away from the main water flow, the fish can

be forced to stay in the cove until the slug of hot water passes. Iflethally hot water temperatures

persist in the main channel long "enough, water temperatures in the coves will increase until they are

similar to those in the main channel. This phenomenon, described as eroded fish habitats, results in

smaller but more frequent fish kills such as occurred in 2001,2002, and perhaps in Coffeen Lake in

August 2005.

On July 10,2001, in Coffeen Lake, 546 channel catfish (2-7 in TL), 513 Lepomis spp. (2-6 in

TL) and 65 largemouth bass (2-7 in TL) were estimated to have died (Table 11). Mixing zone

surface water temperatures began a prolonged increase where mean temperatures were at least 100°F

on July 7 in 2001 (Heidinger and Brooks 2002). Prior to that date, although maximum water

temperatures had increased to over 100°F, minimum temperatures were low enough

to

provide the

fish with relief within a several-hour period. Minimum water temperatures increased to nearly 100°F

after July 7 and did 110t decrease until mid-August. As postulated earlier, the prolonged nature of the

high water temperatures after July 7 likely caused an eroding of cove habitat in the discharge mixing

zone which resulted in the July 10 fish kill. Mean water temperatures were also high

to

a depth of 3

m

which was the depth at which dissolved oxygen was limiting

at

that time.

In Newton Lake on August 28,2001, we estimated that 10,765 three-inch gizzard shad were

killed (Table 11). Again, maximum temperatures in the mixing zone prior to that time had been at

least as high as on the day of the fish kill; but as ill Coffeen Lake, Newton Lake mid-August water

temperatures were increasing from summer lows, and by August 28, the temperatures stabilized at

10

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

mean at over 100°F for several days. The prolonged high temperatures most likely caused fish

mortality in a relatively small cove where the fish's thermal refuge was broken down ..

Two additional fish kills detected during this study; that were likely a result of eroding

habitat. One occurred in Coffeen Lake during late June and early July 2002, and the other just prior

to 2 August 2005. In 2002, Forty two largemouth bass, 64 striped bass, and small amounts offive

other

species were found dead by SIU-C Personnel during the period (Table 12). In 2005, 19

channel catfish were discovered near the water intake. The fish were too decomposed to takes

measurements, but were estimated to be about 12 to 15 inches TL. The abiotic circumstances in both

years were very similar to the previous two fish kills in that water temperatures were increasing from

summer lows, and the temperatures increased until late June (Heidinger and Brooks 2003) ..

It is likely these fish kills were associated with eroding of thermal refuge areas because, in

Newton Lake, one particular area near the discharge mixing zone that draws many fish is the cove

that

receives spillage from the small ash pond. Water pouring in from the ash pond is generally

cooler than the surrounding lake, and this cove typically is "stacked" with fish. This could be an area

of

concern if the water coming into the cove from the ash pond is

warm

and

bas

relatively little

oxygen at the same time when the sun'ounding lake water suddenly becomes very hot with low

dissolved oxygen. Alternatively, if water discharge temperatures are not excessive, there are many

small coves in the upper portion of Segment 1 that fish could use and eventually get trapped if the .

discharge water became suddenly hot and remained hot for extended periods. Coffeen Lake also has

cove habitats in the discharge area where fish could be trapped. In particular, there is a cove located

immediately adjacent to the discharge area where fish could easily congregate during less severe

discharge temperatures and get trapped during a sudden increase of temperatures.

II

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

The magnitude of kills associated with habitat erosion should be relatively small.

Identification of particularly suspect areas may be possible, but we are not certain at this time of

whether the problem can be eradicated. We would need more information concerning fish use ofthe

habitat at various water temperatures to further address this issue.

Beyond the previously described kills, very small numbers of dead fish have been observed

by SIU-C personnel each year. The causes of death for these fish may be natural or associated with

angling. In waters where fishing

is

popular, fish can be lethally hooked and released or stressed from

capture and subsequent handling beyond their ability to recover. Stress-induced fish mortality from

angling is primarily dependent upon water temperatures that, when relatively high, will increase the

likelihood of stress-induced death. The extent of these fish kills are further dependent upon fish

species, the number of fish hooked, where the fish were hooked, depth the fish were residing when

hooked, and handling time. Fishing tournaments can cause higher numbers of stress related deaths

not only because of the sheer numbers of fish caught, but also because of the additional stress the

fish must endure from time spent in anglers'live wells and the extra handling during the weigh-in

process. Fish killed by angling do not usually die at the time of capture or release; the mortality is

delayed. The amount of delay is dependent upon the intensity of trauma inflicted on the fish during

capture, time in captivity, or conditions of release.

In

2000, only four largemouth bass and two channel catfish were observed dead or dying in

Coffeen Lake. In Newton Lake only two dead largemouth

bass

and two dead gizzard shad were

observed in 2000. During 2001 in Coffeen Lake, except for the kill on July 7, 2001, only one dead

striped bass, two white crappie, one largemouth bass and two channel catfish were observed by SIU

personnel. In Newton Lake during 2001, only 10 dead fish were observed except for the kill of shad

on August 28, 2001. Anglers reported several dead largemouth bass on August 21, 2002, but an

12

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

exploratory visil to Newlon Lake on the following day did not confirm this. We observed only two

other dead channel catfish and three largemouth bass during 2002. However, due to the timing ofthe

funding, we did not begin regular monitoring of the lakes until August. Throughout 2003, we only

observed ten dead or dying fish in Newton Lake; and only two were observed in 2004. In both cases

in 2004, the dead largemouth bass were observed at the west boat ramp. Only seven fish were

observed dead or dying in Coffeen Lake during 2003, and three channel catfish were found dead in

2004. Since None of the deaths in 2004 were suspected to have resulted from water temperatures or

dissolved oxygen. Dead or moribund fish observed during 2005 and 2006 were rarely observed

during 2005 and 2006.

SUMMARY

The data collected since 2000 represents a small, but specific portion of the data collected

during 1997 through 1999. The high cost offield data collection, laboratory work, and data analyses

is often prohibitive to researchers attempting to answer field-related questions concerning fish

popUlations and the interaction between abiotic and biotic entities. In order to circumvent the

problem of costs, biologists attempt to examine trends in conjunction with traditional indices. Water

quality

data collected since 2000 was used as a continuation of the data previously collected to

examine habitat

quality.

Mean monthly water temperatures in Newton Lake during the annual study periods were, for

the mOSI part, cooler following 1999. In Coffeen Lake, the temperatures were actually wrumer in

2003,2004,2005, and 2006

than

in 1999. However, weather patterns (and not water temperatures)

in 2000 • 2006 likely were responsible the lack of fish kills versus 1999. In 1999, temperatures

13

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

remained very hot for a nwnber of weeks. In most instances following 1999, very hot weather was

followed for a few days by cooler weather, and in some cases, heavy rain events. These rain events

are reflected in the summer water levels of Newton Lake through 2004. Weather patterns were mild

through most of summer 2003 and 2004, and at least in Newton Lake, water temperatures were

somewhat indicative of the weather. During 2005, the lack of extended periods of cloud cover most

likely spared the lakes offish kills despite the high water temperatures. It is likely that an extended

period of cloud cover would have reduced the already critically limited habitat and caused fish kill as

was witnessed in 1999.

The higher 2003 - 2006 mean mixing zone, surface water temperatures in Coffeen Lake

reflected the stable increase in power production in that power plant. During 2005, the same habitat

quality that persisted in Newton Lake due to ambient conditions were present in Coffeen Lake,

except water temperatures were wanner

in

Coffeen Lake. Based on the water quality and the fact

that a few fish succumbed to the water conditions, it is likely that adequate habitat in Coffeen Lake

was very nearly exhausted during several periods in 2005 and on at least one date in 2006. Based on

water quality data, a timely period of cloud cover would most likely have induced one or more fish

kills. However, given the very wann summer ambient temperatures, It is just as likely that the same

could have been reported for unheated lakes in the region since there was very little precipitation. In

Coffeen Lake, temperature loxygen profLIes have indicated that cemetery cove and the area between

the railroad bridge and the intake canal could serve as refuges for at least part of the fish community

during heavy thermal loading and/or low oxygen events. However, during extremely critical

periods,

even those areas would likely have critically low quality habitat.

In power-cooling ponds, a second condition that can contribute to fish kills is an eroding

refuge. A sudden increase of power output and concurring increase in water discharge temperatures

14

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

CWl cause some fish to move to an immediate, nearby cove for refuge. If that refuge becomes

secluded from inhabitable water by a significant distance (such as is likely ifit would occur nearer

the discharge mixing zone in either lake), then the refuge can be depleted over time from

continuously high discharge temperatures. Fish inhabiting the cove will eventually succumb to heat

if they must travel too far in find cooler water. In such instances, the fish kill would likely be

relatively small since not all fish would react to the sudden increase in temperatures in the same

manner (i.e. some would move to the cooler end of the lakes at the time increased temperatures were

initially perceived). Based on information collected since 1997, this entrapment likely occurred on

three occasions in the two lakes; the second highest frequency in terms of fish kills since 1997.

Low-level

angler mortality is likely the most frequently cited kill factor. When epilimnion

temperatw'es

are very hot, detrimental effects of stress induced from increased activity and

consequential increase

in lactic acid from hooking and handling by anglers is compounded and likely

causes incidental mortality that is witnessed every year in both lakes. The number of dead or

moribWld fish observed at specific W'e8S frequented or recently vacated by anglers is usually small,

but witnessed or not, this type of mortality most certainly occurs throughout Sumnler. DUring the

once-pel'-week

sampling effort completed during summer 2000, 2003, 2004, 2005 and 2006 very

few dead or dying fish were observed in either Newton Lake or Coffeen Lake. The few largemouth

bass observed were usually found near boat docks and popular angier fishing areas. Since, in 2000, a

number of boats were present at the dock when bass were observed, the bass may have been caught

in a club tournament and released at the dock.

15

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

References

Brooks, R. C. 2005. Arneren Newton and Coffeen Lakes Project. Report to Ameren covering

research from

5/0212004-1113012004

by Fisheries and Illinois Aquaculture Center, Southern Illinois

University at Carbondale.

Brooks, R. C.,

R

C. Heidinger, and P.Beck .. 2006. Arneren Newton and Coffeen Lakes Project.

Report to Arneren covering research during May 2005- November 2005 by Fisheries and Illinois

Aquaculture Center, Southern lIIinois University at Carbondale.

Heidinger,

R

C.,

R

Sheehan, and R. Brooks. 2000. Ameren Newton Lake Project. Report to

Arneren covering research from

8115197-8/30/99

by Fisheries Research Laboratory and Illinois

Aquaculture Center, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale. Vol. I and II.

Heidinger,

R

C., R. Sheehan, and

R

Brooks. 2001. Arneren Newton and Coffeen Lakes Research

and Monitoring Project. Report to Arneren covering research from

1/0412000-1213012000

by

Fisheries and llIinois Aquaculture Center, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale.

Heidinger, R C. and R Brooks. 2003. Ameren Newton and Coffeen Lakes Project. Report to

Arneren covering research from

4/0612002-1013112002

by Fisheries and lIIinois Aquaculture Center,

Southern Illinois University at Carbondale.

16

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Table 1_ Ameren Project's basic sampling schedule for data collected concurrently from 1997 through 2006.

Newton Lake

Jun Jul

Au!! SeD Oct Nov Dec

4 samples per date:

midway between

segment borders;

112

meter intervals to

Temp/DO

0

0

0

0

4

4

4

4

4

0

0

o

I

bottom.

Coffeen Lake

4 samples per date:

midway between

segment borders; 1/2 meter intervals to

Tem~IDO

0

0

0

0

4

4

4

4

4

0

0

o

I

bottom

1/ Starting dates for sampling were contingent upon grant approval.

17

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Table 2. Comparison ofsummer and fall mean monthly temperatw'eS (OF) at the outer edge ofthe discharge

mixing zones.'

Year

Month

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001"

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Newton Lake

May

89.8

88.4

82.5

91.7

84.8

84.6

93.2

91.4

80.3

June

95.9

96.3

97.0

94.2

94.5

97.4

90.8

96.7

99.0

94.2

July

101.7

101.7

104.1

98.0

100.1

99.1

96.9

96.8

99.3

99.4

August

96.2

102.3

99.7

97.5

99.4

96.6

98.3

95.3

99.3

99.8

September

94.9

94.6

93.1

92.8

92.9

94.0

92.7

93.3

97.7

93.7

October

86.3

87.5

85.4

84.9

84.8

86.3

84.8

84.2

86.9

Coffeen Lake

May

77.7

90.8

86.4

88.0

84.7

83.5

86.3

88.4

83.7

88.7"

June

87.9

94.9

90.5

93.9

86.6

82.2

96.7

100.8

99.9

lOIS /

July

100.8

102.4

103.9

99.2

101.3

96.9

104.3'

105.0'

104.2

105.2'

/

August

98.7

100.1

101.5

99.2

102.4

100.4

102.2

105.6'

102.6

103.4" "

September

88.7

96.1

94.8

93.5

93.2

100.4

97.2

102.9

100.5

95.5'

October

81.6

79.9

83.6

83.4

64.2

99.1

81.8

85.3

84.2

87.4'

" Hourly temperature data was provided by Ameren except for Coffeen Lake in 2001 and temperatures with

superscripts

in 2003, 2004, and 2006 which were obtained from SIU temperature recorders.

18

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Table 3. Hourly surface temperatures in 1999 that exceeded 111°F at the outer edge of

Newton Lake discharge mixing zone. Within a year total hours above 111 OF were not to

exceed 110°F (3% of total number or hours during the period .Tune-October. 3,672 hours).

Surface

Surface

Surface

Date

Time

temp.

Date

Time

temp.

Date

Time

temp.

7122/1999

13:34:28 111.22

7124/1999

20:34:28 111.47

7128/1999 0:34:28

712211999

14:34:28 111.39

7124/1999

21:34:28 111.18

7/29/1999 12:34:28

712211999 15:34:28 111.48

7124/1999

22:34:28 111.01

7/29/1999 13:34:28

712211999

16:34:28 11 1.65

712511999

13:34:28 111.53

7/2911999 14:34:28

712211999 17:34:28 111.84 7125/1999 14:34:28 111.5

7/29/1999 15:34:28

712211999 18:34:28 112.03

7125/1999

15:34:28 11 1.71

7/29/1999 16:34:28

712211999 19:34:28 112.09

7125/1999

16:34:29 111.77

7/29/1999 17:34:28

712211999 20:34:29 112.06. 712511 999 17:34:28 112.03

7/29/1999 18:34:28

712211999

21 :34:28 111.93

712511999

18:34:28 112.13

7/29/1999 19:34:28

712211999

22:34:28 111.85

712511999

19:34:28 112.06

712911999 20:34:28

71221199923:34:28

111.74

7125/1999

20:34:28 112.11

712911999 21:34:28

712311999

0:34:28 111.48

7125/1999

21:34:28 112.44

7129/1999 22:34:28

712311999 10:34:28 111.59

712511999

22:34:28 112.53

7129/1999 23:34:28

7/2311999

11:34:29 112.01

712511999

23:34:28 112.32

7/30/1999 0:34:28

7123/1999

12:34:28 112.32

7126/1999

11 :34:28 111.15

7/30/1999

11

:34:28

712311999

13:34:28 112.53

7126/1999

12:18:32 111.28

7/30/1999 12:34:28

7123/1999

14:34:28 111.93

7126/1999

16:34:28 111.35

7130/1999 14:34:28

7123/1999

15:34:28 112.06

712611999

17:34:28 112.57

7/3011999 15:34:28

7123/1999

16:34:28 112.05

7126/1999

18:34:2R 112.46

7/30/1999 16:34:28

7/2311999

17:34:28 111.98

7126/1999

19:34:28 112.47

7/30/1999 17:34:28

7/2311999

18:34:28 111.84

712611999

20:34:29 112.34

7/30/1999 18:34:28

7/2311999

19:34:28 111.77

7/2611999

21 :34:28 112.31

7/30/1999 19:34:28

712311999

20:34:28 111.73

7/2611999

22:34:28 112.33

7/30/1999 20:34:28

7/231199921:34:28

111.79

712611999

23:34:29 112.29

7/30/1999 21:34:28

7123/1999

22:34:28 111.75

7127/1999

0:34:28 112.23

7/30/1999 22:34:28

712311999

23:34:28 111.49

7127/1999

14:34:28 111.37

7/30/1999 23:34:28

712411999 11 :34:28 111.54

7127/1999

15:34:28 1

I

1.54

7/3111999 0:34:28

712411 999 12:34:28 111.96

7/27/1999

16:34:28 111.71

7/31/1999

1:34:28

7124/1999

13:34:28 112.18

7127/1999

17:34:28 111.82

7/3111999 2:34:28

7/24/1999

14:34:28 112.27 712711999 18:34:28 111.78

7/31/1999 3:34:28

712411999

15:34:28 112.09 712711999 19:34:28 111.57

712411999

16:34:28 112.05

7/2711999

20:34:29 111.59

7/2411999

17:34:28 111.77

7127/1999

21:34:28 111.7

7/2411999

18:34:28 111.7

712711999

22:34:28 111.71

111.36

111.33

111.79

ll1.99

ll1.87

111.99

112.31

II 1.43

112.61

112.85

113

112.39

112.85

112.79

111.81

11 1.85

112.99

113.31

1 \3.27

113.35

113.37

113.51

113.56

1 \3.63

113.66

1 \3.64

113.48

I

J 1.98

112.8

112.67

7/24/1999

19:34:28 111.75

7127/1999

23:34:28 111.6

TOTAL HOURS 100

19

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Table 4. Hourly surface temperatures in 1999 that exceeded 112°F at the outer edge of

Coffeen Lake discharge mixing zone. Within a year total hours above 112°F were not to

exceed 132 (3% of total number ofbours during the period May - October, 4,416 hours).

Surface

Surface

Surface

Date

Time

temp.

Date

Time

temp.

7/2311999

16:00:00

112

712811999 16:00:00 112.95

7/23/1999

17:00:00 112.5

7/28(1999

17:00:00 113.17

7123/1999

18:00:00 112.21

7/28(1999

18:00:00 113.86

7/23/1999

19:00:00 112.59 7128(1999 19:00:00 113.91

7123(199920:00:00 112.16

7/28f1999

20:00:00 113.58

7/25/1999

14:00:00 112.09 712812002 21:00:00 113.37

7125/1999

15:00:00 112.72 712812002 22:00:00 112.17

7125/1999

16:00:00 112.72

7129/1999

13:00;00 112.89

7125/1999

17:00:00 112.43 7129(1999 14:00:00 114.24

7125/1999

18:00:00 113.34 7129f1999 15:00:00 114.04

7125/1999

19:00:00 112.95

7f291\999

16:00:00 114.14

7125/1999

20:00:00 112.2

7129/1999

17:00:00 114.56

712511999

23:00:00 112.8

712911999

18:00:00 114.67

712611999

12:00:00 113.01

7129/1999

19:00:00 114.19

7126fl999

13:00:00 113.48

712911999

20:00:00 114.21

7126/1999

14:00:00 113.75

7f2911999

21 :00:00 113.6

7126fl999 15:00:00

113.87 7(29(1999 22:00:00

114

7126/1999

16:00:00 112.19

7129fl999

23:00:00 113.89

7126/1999

18:00:00 112.36

7/30(1999

1:00:00 113.24

712611999 19:00:00 113.4 7(30(1999 2:00:00 113.9

7f2611999

20:00:00 114.35

7/30/1999

3:00:00 113.11

712611999 21:00:00 112.96

7(30/1999

4:00:00 112.34

7126/1999

22:00:00 114.17 7(3011999 12:00:00 112.74

7126/1999

23:00:00 113.93

7(30/1999

13:00:00 114.2

7/27/1999

0:00:00 112.9 7f30fl999 14:00:00 114.3

7127/1999

14:00:00 113.62 7(30(1999 15:00:00 114.65

7127/1999

15:00:00 113.22

7/30fl999

16:00:00 114.88

7127/1999 16:00:00 1\3.81 7f301\999 17:00:00 115.05

7127/1999

17:00:00 113.31

7/30fl999

18:00:00 115.39

7127/1999

18:00:00 113.68 7(30/1999 19:00:00 114.06

712711999 19:00:00 113.43 7(3011999 20:00:00 1 \3.44

7/2711999

20:00:00 113.81 7f30/1999 21 :00:00 113.52

7/27/199921:00:00

114 7f30/199922:00:00 112.95

712711999 22:00:00 113.29 7(3011999 23:00:00 113.64

7/2711999

23:00:00 112.91

7/3111999

1:00:00 112.54

7128/1999 15:00:00 112.41

7/3111999

2:00:00 112.31

Date

Time

7/3111999 14:00:00

7/3111999 15:00:00

7/3111

999 18:00:00

7/3

I

fl999 19:00:00

7/31fl999 20:00:00

713111999 21 :00:00

7/3111

999 22:00:00

7131fl999 23:00:00

9f7f1999 14:00:00

9f7f1999 15:00:00

9f7f1999 16:00:00

temp.

113.02

112.88

113.29

113.83

114.09

114.2

113.68

112.83

120.27

120.08

122.49

Total Hours

83

20

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Table 5. Percent habitat among segments at various temperatures and oxygen ranges in Coffeen Lake during

May-September 2006. Profiles were taken from 10:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m.

Dissolved

Oxy~en

1 EEm

2 EEm

3 EEm

42Em

Temperature

Selliment

Se~ent

Sesment

Segment

Date

(OF)

I

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

I

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

05/04/06

87

92 72 100 100

86

63 100 100

69 63 96 100

58 59 96 96

05/04/06

90

92 72 100 100

86 63 100 100

69

63

96 100

58 S9 96 96

05/04/06

93

92 72 100 100

86 63 100 100

69

63 96 100

58

59 96 96

05/04/06

96

92

72 100 100

86

63 100 100

69

63

96 100

58

59 96 96

05111106

87

76 76

97

96

71 66 83

88

66 61

83

81

66

55

77

81

05/11/06

90

76 76

97

96

71

66 83 88

66

61

83

81

66

55 77 81

05111106

93

76 76

97

96

71

66 83 88

66

61 83

81

66

55 77

81

05/11106

96

76 76

97

96

71 66 83

88

66

61 83

81

66 55 77 81

05/18/06

87

82

84 100 100

66

84 100 100

45

84 100 100

45 84 100 100

05/18/06

90

82 84 100 100

66

84 100 100

45

84 100 100

45 84 100 100

05/18/06

93

82

84 100 100

66

84 100 100

45 84 100 100

45

84 100 100

05/18/06

96

82 84 100 100

66

84 100 100

45

84 100 100

45 84 100 100

05/25/06

87

47 83 100 100

42

74 100 100

37

64

96 100

32 60 96 100

05125106

90

53

83 100 100

47

74 100 100

42 64

96 100

37 60 96 100

05/25/06

93

63

83 100 100

58 74 100 100

53

64 96 100

47 60 96 100

05/25/06

96

76

83 100 100

71 74 100 100

66 64 96 100

61 60 96 100

06iOl/06

87

56 64

96

93

56 55 96

93

56 50 88

86

56

45 81 86

06/01/06

90

69

64

96

93

69 55

96

93

69 50 88

86

69

45 81

86

06/01106

93

88

64 96 93

88 55 96

93

88 50 88

86

88

45 81 86

06101106

96

100 64

96 93

100 55

96

93

100 50 88

86

100 45 81 86

21

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

IlIbh: 5 CQDtiDlled.

Dissolved

Oxy~en

I EEm

2EEm

3EEm

4 ppm

Temperature

Segment

Se~ent

Se~ent

Se~ent

Date

(OF)

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

06/09/06

87

33 32 68 46

22 32

64 36

17 32 57 29

11 23 36 21

06/09/06

90

39

41 100 100

28 41

96 89

22 41 89 82

17 32 68 75

06/09/06

93

39 66 100 100

28 66 96 89

22 66 89 82

17

57 68 75

06/09106

96

39

66 100 100

28 66 96 89

22 66

89 82

17

57 68 75

06115106

87

32 40

12 29

16 25 12 29

11 15 12 21

11

10

12

7

06/15/06

90

42 SO

19 57

26 35 19 57

21 25 19 SO

21 20 19 36

06/15/06

93

42 55 100 96

26 40 100 96

21 30 100 89

21 25 100 7S

06/15/06

96

42 78 100 96

26 63 100 96

21 53 100 89

21

48 100 75

06122/06

87

0

10

12

4

0

0

8

4

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

06122/06

90

17 25 42 38

11 10 38 38

6

5

8

17

0

5

0

0

06122/06

93

33 40 SO 54

28 25 46 54

22 20 15 33

17 20

8

17

06/22106

96

39 50 100 100

33 35 96 100

28 30 65 79

22 30

58 63

06/29/06

87

0 29

4

0

0

14 4

0

0

14 4

0

0

5

4

0

06/29/06

90

17 57 65 73

0

43 65 73

0 43 65

73

0

33 65 73

06/29/06

93

33 76 100 100

17 62 100 100

11 62 100 100

11

52 100 100

06129/06

96

39 88 100 100

22 74 100 100

17 74 100 100

17 64 100 100

07106/06

87

0

5

18

4

0

0

18 4

0

0

14 4

0

0

14

4

07/06/06

90

18 27 79 100

6

23 79 100

0

18 75 100

0

14 75 100

07/06/06

93

29 45 100 100

18 41 100 100

12 36 96 100

0 32 96 100

07/06/06

96

29 57 100 100

18 52 100 100

12 48 96 100

0

43 96 100

22

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Table S Contjnned

.~-~

Dissolved Ox}:gen

1EEm

2 ppm

3EEm

4

(!(!m

Temperature

Se~ent

Se~ent

Se~ent

Se~ent

Date

(OF)

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

07113106

87

0

15

4

0

0

15 4

0

0

0

4

0

0

0

0

0

07fl3106

90

22 50 35 65

17 50 3S 65

6

35 35 65

0

30 31 65

07113/06

93

28 55 100 88

22 55 100 88

11 40 100 88

6

35 96 88

07113/06

96

28 60 100 100

22 60 100 100

11

45 100 100

6 40 96 100

07/19/06

87

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

07/19/06

90

0

5

4

4

0

0

4

4

0

0

4

0

0

0

4

0

07/19/06

93

28 24

12 27

22

19

12

27

22

14 12 23

17 14 12 23

07/19/06

96

39 38 100 73

33 33 100 73

33 29 100 69

28 29 100 69

07/27/06

87

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

07127/06

90

6 20 19 38

0

20 19 38

0

20

19 38

0

5

19 38

07127/06

93

28 4S 100 100

22 4S 100 100

17 45 100 100

6

30 100 100

07/27/06

96

33

68 100 100

28 68 100 100

22 68 100 100

11 53 100 100

08/03/06

87

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

08/03/06

90

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

a 0

0

0

0

0

0

08/03/06

93

6

15

33 21

0

5

25

21

0

0

8

21

0

0

8

17

08/03/06

96

29 63

96 100

18 53

88 100

18 48 71 100

12 43

71

96

08/10/06

87

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

08/10106

90

0

S

4

0

0

5

4

0

0

0

4

0

0

0

4

0

08/10/06

93

28 45 100 100

0

45 100 lOa

a

40 100 lao

0

30

100 100

08110/06

96

28 73 100 100

0

73 100 100

a

68 100 lao

a

58 100 100

23

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Iahh: 5 Continued

Dissolved Oxygen

1EEm

2EEm

3EEm

4EEm

Temperature

Segment

Segment

Segment

Se~ent

Date

(OF)

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

08/18106

87

0

10 4

0

0

10

4

0

0

0

4

0

0

0

4

0

08/18/06

90

28 60 100 100

28 60 100 100

11

50 100 100

0 45 100 100

08/18/06

93

33 83 100 100

33

83 100 100

17 73 100 100

0

68 100 100

08118106

96

33 83 100 100

33 83 100 100

17 73 100 100

0 68 100 100

08/24/06

87

0

0

4

4

0

0

4

0

0

0

4

0

0

0

4

0

08124106

90

24 26

8 46

24 26

8

42

24 16 8 42

24

5

8

42

08/24/06

93

29 37 100 100

24 37 100 96

24 26 100 96

24 16 100 96

08/24/06

96

35 66 100 100

29 66 100 96

29 55 100 96

29 45 100 96

08130106

87

0

15

13 13

0

15

13

13

0

15

13 13

0

10

13

13

08/30/06

90

13 45 100 100

6

45 100 100

0 45 100 100

0

30 100 100

08130/06

93

25 55 100 100

19 55 100 100

13 55 100 100

6

40 100 100

08130/06

96

25 78 100 100

19 78 100 100

13 78 100 100

6

63 100 100

09/06/06

87

12 55 46 58

6

50 46

58

0 45 46 58

0

40 46 58

09/06/06

90

29 60 79 83

24 55 79 83

18 50 79 83

18 45

79 83

09/06/06

93

29 70 100 96

24 65 100 96

18 60 100 96

18 55 100 96

09/06/06

96

29 83 100 96

24 78 100 96

18 73 100 96

18 68 100 96

09/12106

87

0

5

21 13

0

5

21

13

0

0

21

13

0

0

21 13

09/12106

90

24 42 100 75

24 42 100 75

18 37 100 75

12 37 100 75

09/12106

93

29 71 100 100

29 71 100 100

24 66 100 100

18 66 100 100

09/12106

96

35 71 100 100

~5

71 100 100

29 66 100 100

24 66 100 100

24

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Iablc 5 ConliuJlcd

Dissolved Oxl&en

1 ppm

2EEm

3l?Em

4EEm

Temperature

Segment

Se~ent

Se~ent

Segment

Date

(OF)

I

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

09f19f06

87

25 68 100 100

13 68 100 100

6 63 100 100

0 63 100 100

09f

I

9/06

90

31 68 100 100

19 68 100 100

13 63 100 100

0

63 100 100

09/19/06

93

31 68 100 100

19 68 100 100

13 63 100 100

0 63 100 100

09fl9/06

96

44 68 100 100

31 68 100 100

25 63 100 100

13 63 100 100

09/28/06

87

100 100 100 100

100 100 100 100

100 100 100 100

100 100 100 100

09/28/06

90

100 100 100 100

100 100 100 100

100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

09/28106

93

100 100 100 100

100 100 100 100

100 100 100 100

100 100 100 100

09/28f06

96

100 100 100 100

100

100 100 100

100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

25

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Table 6.

l'erceI1t

habitat among segmeuts at variOU! te.tupeaatw-es

and

oxygen ranges

in

Ne\\ton Lake during May-September

2006. Profiles were

taken

from 10:00

am

to 6:30

p.m

Dissolved

Oxygen

1 ppm

2 PiAU

3EEm

4 ppm

Temperature

Segment

Segment

Segnlellt

Segment

Date

("F)

1

2

3

4

I

2

3

4

I

2

3

4

I

2

3

4

05104106

87

100

97

100 100

94

90 97 100

69

83

85 100

56

70

79

100

05104106

90

100

97 100 100

94

90 97 100

69

83

85 100

56

70

79

100

05104/06

93

100

97

100 100

94

90 97

100

69

83

85

100

56

70

79 100

05104106

96

100

97 100 100

94

90 97 100

69

83

85

100

56

70

79 100

05111106

87

100

97

97

95

100 97 97

95

100 77

91

86

100 70

84 86

05111/06

90

100

97

97

95

100 97 97

95

100 77

91

86

100 70

84

86

05/11106

93

100

97

97

95

100 97 97

95

100 n

91

86

100 70

84

86

05111106

96

100

97

97

95

100 97 97

95

100

n

91

86

100 70 84 86

05/17/06

87

100 100 100 100

100 100 100 100

100 100 100 100

100 100 100 100

05/17/06

90

100 100 100 100

100

100 100 100

100 100 100 100

100 100 100 100

05/17/06

93

100

100 100 100

100 100 100 100

100 100 100 100

100 100

100 100

05/17/06

96

100 100 100 100

100 100 100 100

100 100 100 100

100 100 100 100

05125106

87

100

90

97

100

100

70 85

100

100 63

85 100

94

57

79 100

05125106

90

100

90

97

100

100 70 85

100

100 63

85 100

94

57

79 100

05125106

93

100

90

97

100

100 70 85 100

100 63

85

100

94

57

79 100

05125/06

96

100

90

97

100

100

70 85

100

100 63

85

100

94

57

79 100

06101106

87

88

47

62 100

88

35 56

94

81

35

44

83

81

24

44

72

06/01/06

90

100 62

62 100

100 SO 56

94

94

50

44

83

94

38

44

72

06101/06

93

100 62

62 100

100 50 56

94

94

50

44

83

94

38

44

72

06101106

%

100

62

62

100

100

50 56

94

94

50

44

83

94

38

44 72

26

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

TabIe1i. Continued.

1 ppm

TemperalU\"e

Segment

Date

00"09/06

00"09/06

00"09/06

00"09/06

<tY15106

<tY15106

06115106

06115106

06a2J06

06a2JrJj

06a2J06

06a2J06

<J6f29I06

<J6f29I06

06129106

06129/06

OO/<tY06

OO/<tY06

07/<tY06

00106106

eF)

1

2

3

4

87

90

93

96

87

90

93

96

87

90

93

96

87

90

93

96

87

90

93

96

~

TI

~

100

@

@

~

100

@

@

~

100

~@~loo

31

67 100 100

44

97

100 100

81

97 100 100

100

97 100 100

19

53

47

0

19

53

65 100

31

60

85 100

31

60

85 100

19

SO

SO

50

31

63

74 100

44

70 100 100

~

77

100 100

o

13 68 100

31

33

68 100

44

70

68 100

69

70

68 100

assoIved Oxyl1J2l

2

rpn

Segment

3 ppm

Segment

1

2

3

1

4

2

3

4

25 20 56

95

SO

SO

56

95

SO

50 56

95

81

SO 56

95

13

13

SO

85

38

43

SO

85

38

43

SO

85

69

43

SO 85

4 ppm

Segment

1

2

3

4

13

13

SO

~

38

~

50

~

~ ~

50

~

69

~

50

~

25

33 62 100

25

27

62 100

25

27

56 100

38 63 62 100

38

57

62 100

38 57 56 100

7S

63 62 100

75

57

62 100

75

57 56 100

94

@

62 100

94

57

62 100

94

57 56 100

13

27 18

0

0

13

18

0

0 060

o 24 100

7

~

100

7

~

100

13

27 35 100

0

13

35 100

0

25 33 56 100

13

20

56 100

0

25 33 56 100

13

20

56 100

0

13202450 00 6SO

25

33 47 100

13

13

29 100

38 40 74 100

25

20

56 100

38

47 74 100

25

27

56 100

o 0

o 13

13

20

13

27

6

~

29 94

56 94

56 94

o

7 68 100

0

7

68 100

0

0

68 100

25

27 68 100

25

27

68 100

13

20 68 100

38 63 68 100 .38 63

68 100

25

57 68 100

@

63 68 100

@

63

68 100

50

57 68 100

27

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Iabls: 6 CWtiunw.

Dissolved Oxygen

1 PJ!1l

2RUl

3 WIll

4 JJIl.u

Telllpetatw"e

SegJ.nent

SegJ.mlt

Segtnent

SegJ.uellt

We

("F)

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

07/13106

87

0

19

47

72

0

13 41

72

0

0

41

72

0

0

35 67

07113106

90

19

31

53

83

19

25 47

83

19

13

47

83

13

6

41

78

07/13/06

93

44

38

65

100

44

31 59 100

44

19

59 100

38

13

S3

94

07/13106

96

69

44

74

100

@

38 68 100

69

25

68 100

63

19

62

94

07/19/06

87

0

0

6

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

07/19106

90

7

13

18

II

0

13

12

11

0

6

12

II

0

6

6

II

07/19106.

93

21

19 29

44

14

19 24

44

14

13

24 44

0

13

18 44

07/19/06

96

21

25

41

72

14 25 35

72

14

19

35

72

0

19

29

72

07127/06

87

0

0

6

100

0

0

6

100

0

0

6 100

0

0

6

100

07127/06

90

0

0

79 100

0

0

79

100

0

0

79 100

0

0

79 100

07127/06

93

0

13

79 100

0

13 79 100

0

13

79 100

0

13

79 100

07127/06

96

6

53

79 100

6

53 79

100

6

53

79 100

6

53 79 100

0&'03106

87

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

08103/06

90

0

0

6

65

0

0

6

65

0

0

6

65

0

0

0

65

08103/06

93

0

6

56 100

0

0

56

100

0

0

56 100

0

0

50 100

0&'03106

96

13

13

56

100

13

6 56

100

0

6

56 100

0

0

50 100

0&'1l/06

87

0

0

0

5

0

0

0

5

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

08111106

90

0

7

68 100

0

0 68

100

0

0

62 95

0

0

62 65

08l11/06

93

13

47

68

100

13 4068

100

13

40

62

95

0

33

62 65

08111106

96

SO

63

68

100

50

57 68 100

SO

57

62

95

38

50

62

65

28

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Tabl"

fi

Cwtiolll:d

Dissolved Oxygen

1 PIAn

2ptlll

3 ppm

4EE!u

Ta~

~lIent

SegJ:mlt

Segll~lt

SegjICIt

nne

eF)

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

0&'19/06

87

0

0

18

17

0

0

6

17

0

0

0

17

0

0

0

11

0&'19/06

90

0

0

47

39

0

0

35

39

0

0

29

39

0

0

18 33

0&119106

93

13

7

74

100

13

0

62

100

0

0

56 100

0

0

44

94

0&'19106

96

13

Tl

74 100

13 20 62 100

0

20

56 100

0

20

44

94

0&'24106

87

0

0

12

20

0

0

12

20

0

0

6

15

0

0

0

5

0&'24106

90

0

0

35

70

0

0 35

70

0

0

29

65

0

0

24

55

0&124106

93

13

7

68

100

0

7

68

100

0

7

62

95

0

0

56 85

0&124106

96

25

43

68 100

13

43 68 100

13

43

62

95

0

37

56 85

0800'06

87

0

0

32

100

0

0

32 100

0

0

32 100

0

0

21 100

0800'06

90

0

13

74

100

0

7 74

100

0

7

74 100

0

0

62 100

08130106

93

13

50

74

100

\3

43 74 100

0

43

74 100

0

37

62 100

08130106

96

81

50

74 100

81

43 74

100

69

43

74 100

69

37 62 100

09106106

87

0

40

85 100

0

Tl 79

100

0

20

79

95

0

7

74

95

09/06/06

90

25

53

85 100

25

40 79

100

13

33

79

95

13

20 74 95

09106106

93

69

70

85

100

(f}

57 79 100

56

50

79

95

56

37 74

95

09/Cfi06

96

69

70

85

100

(f}

57 79 100

56

50

79

95

56

37 74 95

09112106

87

13

7

68 100

0

7

68

100

0

0

68 100

0

0

62 100

09/12106

90

25

27

68

100

13

27 68 100

0

20

68 100

0

20 62 100

09/12106

93

25

43

68

100

13 43 68

100

0

37

68

100

0

37 62 100

09112106

96

94

50

68

100

81

50 68

100

69

43

68 100

(f}

43

62 100

29

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Iablefi Q:miml!:!!

llisolV!:d

Oxygen

1

ppm

2

P!lll

3 PfXII

41!!!TI

Tempuature

Segm::llt

Segslrut

Segs .... :llt

Segsll::nt

rue

(Of)

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

0912f.V06

'ir7

14

68 100 100

14

54 100 100

14

39 100 100

14

39

94 100

09flO106

90

57

68

100 100

57

54 100 100

57

39

100 100

57

39

94 100

09f20106

93

79

68 100 100

79

54 100 100

79

39 100 100

79 39 94 100

(1)f2OI06

96

79

68

100 100

79

54 100 100

79

39

100 100

79

39

94 100

09f2&106

'ir7

100

89

100 100

79

82 100 100

79

75

100 100

79

61 100 100

09f2&106

90

100

89

100 100

79

82 100 100

79

75

100 100

79

61 100 100

(1)f2&I06

93

100

89

100 100

79

82 100 100

79

75

100 100

79

61

100 100

(1)f2&106

96

100

89 100 100

79

82 100 100

79

75

100 100

79

61 100 100

30

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Table 7. Comparison of the three days in Coffeen Lake during 1998 through 2006 that had the worst habitat conditions.

Comparisons are made at 3 ppm dissolved for 4 temperatures. Percent habitats were averaged for Segments 1 and

2. Percentages for

Segments 3 and 4 are given in parentheses when the segments were sampled from 2000 through 2006 .

. Temperature

1998

1999

2000

(OF)

}-Jul

fJ-Jl.!l

28-Aug

23-Jul

~

19-Aug

.ll:1Yl

IS-Aug

4-Sep

87

0

0

0

0

0

0_

0(0)

3 (9)

0(0)

90

2

0

S

0

0

33

5 (15)

39 (78)

3 (4)

93

14

16

24

10

21

42

30 (100)

44 (99)

24 (83)

96

34

41

36

27

25

47

42 (100)

50 (99)

43 (83)

2001

2QQ2

a

2003

10-Jul

24-Jul

8-Aug

6-Jul

8-Jul

I-Aug

8-Jul

2O-Aug

27-Aug

87

0(14)

0(7)

0(0)

0(0)

0(0)

0(0)

0(0)

0(0)

0(4)

90

17 (21)

2 (20)

0(0)

0(0)

0(0)

3 (13)

0(4)

0(11)

3 (15)

93

29 (59)

18(44)

0(7)

3 (10)

0(24)

24 (52)

12 (54)

7 (84)

21 (54)

96

33 (62)

25 (90)

21 (40)

42 (83)

17 (80)

31 (82)

25 (88)

30 (96)

29 (96)

31

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Table 7. Continued.

Temperature

2004

2005

2006

(OF)

16-Jun

30-Jun

7-Jul

28-Jun

27-Jul

2-Aug

22-Jun

19-Jul

3-Aug

87

0(4)

2 (11)

0(24)

0(0)

0(0)

0(0)

0(0.0)

0(0)

0(0)

90

9 (69)

10 (38)

33 (85)

0(2)

0(0)

0(2)

6 (13)

0(2)

0(0)

93

27 (87)

14 (77)

35 (85)

3 (2)

0(27)

0(5)

21 (24)

18 (18)

0(15)

96

31 {872

21 (87)

42 (852

10 {16)

I3 (27)

6 {22)

29 {72)

31

~85)

33 (86)

4, In 2002, due to the timing of funding, temperature, oxygen and depth profiles were not formally started until August. However,

profiles were taken

on July 6 and July 8,2002.

32

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Table 8. Comparison of the three days in Newton Lake during 1998 through 2006 that had the worst habitat conditions.

Comparisons are made at 3 ppm dissolved for 4 temperatures. Percent habitats were averaged in all four segments.

Temperature

1998

1999

2000

(oF)

26.Jun

I1.JuI

24.Aug

24oJu!

~

18-Aug

13.Jul

28.JuI

k§s!

87

0

0

0

0

1

31

2

31

4

90

18

22

29

0

21

41

15

41

21

93

29

29

40

7

44

42

30

46

35

96

33

29

43

32

48

52

40

57

44

2001

Zllllt

2003

18.Jun

25-Jul

7.Aug

2-Aug

21.Aug

29.Aug

2.Jul

9.JuI

28.Aul!:

87

3

0

0

0

34

47

IS

0

2

90

37

2

9

9

53

57

26

31

28

93

44

24

26

27

72

69

39

41

40

96

56

32

39

34

79

85

50

53

45

33

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Table 8. Continued.

Temperature

2004

2005

2006

(OF)

IS-JUD

13-Jul

J:AMg

28-Jun

26-Jul

2-Aug

19-Jul

3-Aug

19-AulZ

87

II

0

9

0

0

0

0

0

4

90

34

7

22

2

0

5

7

18

17

93

34

26

32

10

14

10

24

39

39

96

42

30

39

12

14

15

35

41

44

", In 2002, due to the timing of funding, temperature, oxygen and depth profiles were not formally started until August.

34

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Table 9. Numbers of dead and morbid fishes observed by SIU personnel in

Coffeen Lake in 1999.

Largemouth

Channel

Date

bass

[epomis

catfish

Morone

Crappie

Carp

Shad

4/9/]999

0

0

2

0

0

1

0

6/211999

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

6/3/1999

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

6/8/1999

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

611511999

0

0

0

0

0

0

I

0

6/16/1999

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

6/2911999

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

6/29/1999

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

6/3011999

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

7/8/1999

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

7/911999

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

7113/1999

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

7116/1999

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

7/2111999

0

0

0

1

1

0

0

7123/1999

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

712711999

15

31

0

0

0

0

5

7/2811999

105

0

5

11

0

0

7

8/111999

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

8/2/1999

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

8/6/1999

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

8/10/]999

0

0

1

0

1

0

0

8/1111999

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

8/1911999

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

8120/1999

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

812411999

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

8125/1999

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

8/2611999

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

8/27/1999

Q

Q

Q

Q

.Q

Q

Q

Total

121

31

8

12

2

1

12

35

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Table 10. Number of dead and morbid fishes observed by SlU personnel in

Newton Lake in 1999.

Largemouth

Channel

Date

bass

Leppmis

catfish

Morone

Ca!:E

Shad

3123/1999

1

0

0

0

0

0

5120/1999

1

0

0

0

0

1

6/1/1999

0

0

0

0

0

0

612/1999

0

0

0

0

0

0

6/3/1999

0

0

0

0

0

0

6/4/1999

0

0

0

0

0

0

61811999

0

0

0

0

0

0

619/1999

27

0

0

0

0

0

611411999

0

0

0

0

0

0

6115/1999

0

0

0

0

0

0

611911999

0

0

0

0

0

0

612211999

4

0

0

0

0

0

6123/1999

0

0

0

0

0

0

6124/1999

0

0

0

0

0

0

6/29/1999

0

0

0

0

0

0

7/611999

0

0

0

0

0

0

71711999

1

0

0

0

0

0

7/811999

0

0

0

0

0

0

7/14/1999

0

0

0

0

0

0

7/1511999

0

0

0

0

0

0

711611999

0

0

0

0

0

0

7120/1999

1

0

0

1

0

0

7121/1999

0

0

0

0

0

0

712311999

0

0

0

0

0

0

7124/1999

0

0

0

0

0

0

712711999

18

I

22

1

I

8

7129/1999

60

4

36

1

0

15

713011999

5

0

0

0

0

0

713111999

0

0

0

0

0

0

8/5/1999

3

0

9

0

0

2

8/9/1999

3

0

2

0

0

0

811011999

0

0

0

0

0

0

811 )/1999

20

0

0

0

0

35

8118/1999

24

0

1

2

0

0

8/19/1999

18

0

0

0

0

0

8124/1999

6

0

0

0

0

0

8/25/1999

9

0

0

0

0

0

8/26/1999

14

0

0

0

0

0

8/27/1999

11

0

0

0

0

0

8/31/1999

1

Q

Q

Q

Q

Q

Total

227

5

70

5

I

59

36

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Table II. Number and total length of dead and morbid fish observed by SIU

personnel in Coffeen Lake and Newton Lake in 2000 and 2001.

Length

Locationl

Date

Species'

Number

(in.)

Status

Segment

Coffeen Lake

7/1812000

LMB

18

Dying

Boat

I

Ramp

LMB

16

Dying

Boat

1

Ramp

LMB

21

,Dying

Boat

Ramp

CCF

16

Dead

Boat

Ramp

7/25/2000

CCF

14

Dead

Boat

1

Ramp

711 0/2001

CCF

2 (11)b

2

Dead

1

CCF

IS (85)

3

Dead

1

CCF

37 (210)

4

Dead

CCF

20(114)

5

Dead

I

CCF

14 (80)

6

Dead

1

CCF

8 (46)

7

Dead

I

Lepomis

spp.

20(113)

2

Dead

Lepomis

spp.

47 (265)

3

Dead

I

Lepomis

spp.

22 (124)

4

Dead

1

Lepomis

spp.

I (7)

5

Dead

Lepomis

spp.

1 (7)

6

Dead

I

LMB

5 (36)

2

Dead

I

LMB

4 (29)

3

Dead

I

LMB

1 (7)

7

Dead

I

7/12/2001

STPB

I

26.5

Dead

3

WC

1

7

Dead

I

8/21200]

CCF

1

15

Dead

4

CCF

14.5

Dead

4

LMB

16

Dead

3

WC

1

9

Dead

1

37

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Table II. Continued.

Length

Locationl

Date

Species.

Number

(in.)

Status Segment

Newton Lake

712112000

LMB.

1

19

Dead

3

LMB

1

16

Dead

3

8/17/2000

GS

1

8

Dead

GS

1

8

Dead

712012001

BC

1

12

Dead

4

WHB

1

17

Dying

3

7125/2001

GZ

1

12.5

Dying

4

Lepomis

spp.

1

7

Dead

2

WHB

1

13

Dead

4

8/1/2001

WHB

1

15

Dead

4

81712001

LMB

I

20.5

Dead

4

8/14/2001

CCF

I

Dead

3

GZ

1

12.5

Dead

2

8/2212001

LMB

1

12

Dead

1

LMB

1

16.5

Dead

4

WC

1

11.5

Dead

4

812812001

GZ

175 (10,765/

3

Dead

1

"'

LMB = Largemouth bass; CCF = channel catfish; GZ = gizzard shad; WC =

white crappie; BC = black crappie; HSB = hybrid striped bass; STPB = striped

bass; WHB = white bass

b, The number in parentheSis represents the prorated number of fish killed in

each size group based on the extrapolated estimate. See appendix G and H for

the extrapolation procedure.

38

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Table 1 2. Number and total length of dead and moribund fish estimated

b~

JDNR eersonnel in Coffeen Lake from 24 June through 4 July, 2002.

Species

Number

Len~h

{in.}

Largemouth bass

1

8

2

12

6

14

10

15

8

16

6

17

2

18

42

Bluegill

2

7

1

8

4

White crappie

2

7

1

8

3

Channel catfish

2

14

1

16

3

Gizzard shad

4

3

6

J.

9

7

Threadfin

shad

2

Striped

bass

5

17 .

6

18

8

19

11

24

19

25

12

26

64

Total

124

39

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Discharge

Segmenll

Segment 3

t

N

Figure 1. Newton Lake with four segments where sampling was conducted. Water

temperature

and dissolved o)(ygen were sampled at each transect line from August 1997

through 2006. Numbers represent locations of continuous temperature recorders.

40

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Figure 2. Coffeen Lake with two segments where sampling was conducted for water

temperature

and dissolved oxygen from August 1997 through 2006. Segments 3 and 4 were

added

in 2000. Sampling sites are represented by numbers inside lake borders.

41

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

~

~

~

g

-Segment I

-

-Segment2

105 ,

,

i

100

1

!

1\..

-- ----- -----_.

I

9Sj

'I

'

"

'IV'""

\

I J

\

. ___ . __ _

90

I

---

~/-

-\-;..~-,.'-,---------

\

I

___ _

85

I

~

,

\

80

!-I

--------.!...-------

75

r--

70r-'-

Depth = 1.5 meters

6S

\-1'-----------------------'-------

60

~-----r_--~.-_.--_------,_--_-~--r_--,_---~-_---r_-,_

~~~,~~~~,~~$~~~,$~~$,#

Figure 3. Mean daily temperatures during 2006 at two monitoring stations in Newton Lake at a depth of 1.5 meters. Segment one

represents discharge mixng area, and for stations a spaced throughout the lake to Segment 4 which is near the water intake area.

42

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

105 ,

I

I

100

-I

95t------

90

-I

1

I

I

Ii:'

85

+

i

_________

w __ _

~

I

g

I

g

80 -1-------

I

,

-Surface

-

-I.Sm

- ... 3.0

m

'"1

'I-'

~------------.--.-

.. -., ... -------.. -------

'1,

r

•

\

•

•

.. '

-----.. _---,--------

\:---

\1

75~-~

~

70 1:-----.---.-----.-----.-,----...

-----------_.

",

"

~-\r.:-.

1

60

+-1

-,.-~

'-'--'-'--. ---,---,-----, -

--.---~---

,.-..--1-----:--..'1"'--'1---,

---or

"---":'-~-'-'I-'----

o/~~&~~,~~,&~~~~~~~-&~~~~~~~~~

'>'

'i

'>'

'"

\:V

'"

"\

'\"

'\'

'\:I'

'\:I'

.".

">'

,,>"

"I"

"

,<:l' ,,,,, ,"'"

Figure 4, Mean daily temperatures during 2006 in Newton Lake Segment 1, Lake bottom is approximately 16.4 feet.

43

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

ti:"

~

~

g

"

"

-Surface

-1.5

m

- -

.3.0 m

-

4.5m

115

.•..

,_. __

._ •...

_ .. ---

..

_

.. ,-------

110

-1---,,---

------------

105

100 "-

,"v,

(

\

+---------/"

,.

....

-I-f----.-~-

.

,

i'~.

.

-,/\./

~

"

.

.,-------------1:---------

1

-\I

-.!.,:

'.1

;' \'--'

-~.

~:.

~ ~~~---

7

V

'!

.," "

.. ,."

~l.,,--.'

"

~.:r-

'

_

.... _-.--.---.. \--,1

...... \-.\1'

95

90

85

80

I

.

",

U

,')I'

."

.

"lr-~---------

"v

,

••

1.

~,

1 I'.

75

I'. I '\

,~

.. ----

70 L

______________ v"--_ ..... ____ .

----------~-----.-

65

60

~------~-~--r_-~-_r-_--

~r__---,~'--------,-

~~~~~~~~~~~~,~~~~~~%~~~~-~~~

u

~

O?

0

/

~

~

y

~

~

~

if"

if"

~

0

~

~~ ~

Figure 5. Mean daily temperatures in Segment 1 (mixing zone) during 2006 in Coffeen Lake. Lake bottom is approximately \8.0

feet.

44

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

-Segment 1

-

Segment 2

- - - Segment 3

-

Segment4

115 .,.--.. -----............ ---... ---.-.--.---.

---_._._

..

--_..

. ..

_---

._._ ..

_._---_. __ ._-

110 •... ---.-----....

.

__ .. _-----

.-.-- •.

_--- ._-_._--_

....

_

..

_----_. _

....

_.-

- ..

-----._-,,-.-._-_._

....

-.-

--

..

_- ----_._--"--_

..

_

..

_--_

•.•. - ...

-

I,

lOS

.1 ............ __ ..••..... ____ ._ -

-#

I

100 .;-.-

I

.... -------.-.-.. ---

-'-'---7 -.- .-.. -

-\---....... -... -.. --.-., ....... -.--.-.. -...................... -

..

1

"I

95 t--..--.-.. ..----....--.

1\,

Jr

1\,

-;!":.-!-\:

I

~"

"'-1-

J<

\"1

~f.[~':\1

..

~}

~-d-'\---.!\-/f·-·-·

,,(',

II,

V

C

oo.I---. __

-M_H

'I--#-"~'

. ' "..

~.-'

..

"

'-"

-

-.--.--\~

\:

.(-.

,.

-.

'\:

-'

._-

.. ---.-

~'.

....

;._-

\

---""-

,

,'.;

.. ,

;

...

" " tI

( ••

,

'\ '

8S

l--~

t

~~!i'(-'l.'---.~-.--.-

.. --... ----.- ......

---~-~---'-".,---.-

80

JI'~/\-/7.1

.----.

.. ... -...... \._ ...

75

1-'--'

",

,I"',

'

"

..

"

I

.

.~----~.---~------.-----

~

\:

-

I

" •

Depth

=

1.5 meters

70

L.~-~.-

.. - ..

- --,'

-----:---~

_-~-___r--,

-""',--",---.

--.-~-,---'"

"';"'-"-'

'%-

~J

~o

~.>

~

~

~

q;..

>,.

o

.>

<'"

'/

-%>

~

'/J'

~.

v

~

<'.9

<t,

;s-

<t;.

<i'

~

'J)

~

IS

-%

-%

~/.

IS

~

;;

~

17

Figure 6. Mean daily temperatures during 2006 at four monitoring stations in Coffeen Lake at a depth of 1.5 meters. Segment one

represents discharge mixng area, and the stations a spaced throughout the lake

to Segment 4 which is near the water intake area.

45

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

51"'----.

4 .,\-.. --------

~=~~

__

A_ ..

~~"

... __ -'

--------

• ___

'~~'_"~M'

___ _

---

3~1---------------------------------------------------------------

2 ,

A

------------...

-~

,

/\_,

1

_

~1['

~

~O-I

"

,

,

I

~

~

\

I

~1 ~1.

_/_\

•

-

\

-2

-3

-4

r'-'\

.i----

r---

,.

{

i

i

---------<---

r==--

-----,------

-5

~~-r·~----'~~,..-'

-.

-'~""",,-,

..

-"r-~""-I·~

..........

"r--"':

-~-~-~~~~-~-~~~--~---~---

......

---~

.. ,

~~~~~~J~~~~~~~~~~~A~J~A~~

n

n

n

~

~ ~

~

~ ~

"

"

"

"

"

"

00

00

00

00

00

Figure 7. Water levels (feet) in relation to pool level in Newton Lake during 1997-2000.

46

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

5

-1--..-

---.- ------------

---------

---- -- -----

------..

-~~------

.. --.

4.

1

1

-'---"

-----..

~-----

..

-.

._--

..

---_..

----_ ...

3 .,

I

____ .

__

i

I

,

,

.-.----

..... _-_

.. _._-_ ..

--------

2 + .. ----.. --.. -.----------..

-----.- .--... ----.------

------------- -- ..

__ 1 -1--------

-----------------.--~---

5

"

.3

0

.l..---"-I~~

.

."'----

~

~

I

!

;:

.)

.[--_

I

... _---

)

-2 -,

i

-/

-------_

....

-.

I

-3

+

.--------_

..

_---_ ..

-4 L __

------_.----_._. __ .. --_._--_._._----------_._- -_

..

_------

-5 -!- .... .._---..-.r-

.

......;.,-~~-

.----.~

-~---,---,

~--~

---,..-------,---.--,- .. -..

-·--l------·-~---~·

..

-~--_-

Jan. Mar- May- Jul- Sep- Nov- Jail- Mar- May- Jul. Sep. Nov- Jan- Mar- May. Jul. Sep- Nov. Jan. Mar. May- Jul. Sep- Nov.

01

01

01

01

01

01

02

02

02

02

02

02

03

03

03

03

03

03

04

04

04

04

04

04

Figure 8. Water levels (feet) in relation to pool level in Newton Lake during 2001-2004.

47

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

~

;:=

'-'

]

::::

~

..

..

7

---------,-

---.--~-

...

-.~

51

4. --

------------------. -_._-

-

3\

1-----.------------.

21

1.-------

1

I

o .;--_.

.

'--

...

~~~~-----------------------------------~r/

A

/"

,

<

~~~----

-1 +------

"

/

--------------

-2

'-r

--

...........

"

-3

+------. ----.. --.--

-_

..

_--_._--

-4

~-.---.

---.--,-.----.e----

.T------.--------(

r-'')'

f -'----;,---r---":'--..

.-.... '._-,

~

~ ~

~

~

~

~

~

~

p

~

~

~

~ ~ ~

~ ~ ~

~

~

~~$~~~~~~~~~~~$~~~~~#

Figure 9. Water levels (feet) in relation to pool level in Newton Lake during 2005 - 2006.

48

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

5,

I

4 "1----

I

------

____ . __

31-

21--

- --0"

--_

.......

_-----

"---~-.-~-------

....

-

..

--~."---

--- --.- -- --- -_

..

- -----

'Z'

"

.. -.. ----.-

..... --.- --'-"" .-- .._.._---------1

--.---~-------

... --.-..... -..

~

-l

t 0

r-.--r-'='.=

I

,

-:1'.:,.--------

t

!

~

-11---1----.

\-----

j

-2

-i-

_II,

.--.. -... --.----

I

-31---.--------.

.. -

'l-_.-.--. ----...... ,-.--.----.-----

.4 .

-.-------.----~---.-~

--------

-5

,

... ,

: _.1.._--; ___ ' __

..,._.1.-___

,

- ......

----~-.';_-~-r

__ '. --, __ ' .. _

~

__ ., __ ,_i......-,._

l--!.--··~-'---'-··'··""·

-".', --, ... -.. ....:.. .. -•... "'---,-'-----,

Jnn- Mar- May- Jul- Sop- Nov- Jan- Mar-

Mal'-

Jul-

Sop- Nol'- Jan- Mar- May- Jul- Sop- No,'- Jan- Mar- May- Jul-

Sop- Nov-

97

97

97

97

97

97

98

98

98

98

98

98

99

99

99

99

99

99

00

00

00

00

00

00

Figure I O. Water levels (feet) in relation to pool level in Coffeen Lake during 1997-2000.

49

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

~

'"

-'

"

~

~

*

5.0

'''-'''--~'-

------..

4.0

.1--------------------

3.0

T

I----------------__ ----------------------------------__________________ _

2.0

+1-----

1.0

0.0

-1.0

-2.0

-3.0

-4.0

-5.0

~I-..,-~~_

,_

....

~-.---

•..

-~----~---.-------;

Jan- Mar- May- Iul- Sep- Nov- Jan- Mar- May- Iul- Sep- Nov- Jan- Mar- May- Jul- Sep- Nov- Ian- Mar- May- Iul- Sep- Nov-

01

01

01

01

01

01

02

02

02 .02

02

02

03

03

03

03

03

03

04

04

04

04

04

04

Figure 11. Water levels (feet) in relation to pool level in Coffeen Lake during 2001-2004.

50

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

6.0 ,--.----.-----..

i

----_._--_._--._------------

S.O .' .. -.. ' ..... -.--... --.-•...... ----... -.. -.-.. -.. --... ---

.•..

----.-.

'._-_ .. ,.""---

....... _,_.--_

..•

__

... _-, .....

-

.•. _-_._.".-.... --.-.- ...

-.-.,.----.~-

.. ,--

..

" ..

__

..

4.0

.J.

I

3.0 J

I

.--,. ---...... , ...... "

I

2.0

I

I

-

.. ---.-.-.-

---' ...

-

---.--...... ---.-. ---.

--.. --.. -.-.. '

-----.

"

:f?

-;;;

1.0

,.

.1. .. -.---....

.

--

-.~--

--

•..

__

.-----•.. _,---

.s 0.0

11-----'-

'"'-.A.-f

~

---

-~

_._---..,--

~.

I

-~---.----.----

---..

--_

.. _,------

-_

..

_ .. _--.

8

__ . __________ ._. ____________ . ____ .. _...

......... '----;:;--

....

_

.•.

_-----. __ .. _

..

_

•...

_-----. -_.-

_______

.-..

-

..•

__

..

_____._

_---

Cd

•

_ .• _ ... __

'" -1 0 ,;--

.-

_ --u--

. ,

!

20 .,..

I

__

-. I

,

_.. __ ._

_

__ ._..... _._

L

w __ •• __

.. 3.0

-4.0

.. 5.0

1--

I

------ ---'-'

--------.. ---

..

-----

._-----

.----

.---~.-.

~---.--

..

- ..

-'-.-

-"-~~--

._-.

-'--~

.. 6.0

,-_.

i

----.---.--.--~---

Jan-OS

Mar-{)S

May-OS

Jul .. 05

Sep-05

Nov-{)S

Figure 12. Water levels (feet) in relation to pool level in Coffeen Lake during 2005. No data was available for 2006.

51

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Appendix A. Depth, Temperature, Oxygen Profile

Materials

and

Methods:

Methods

used

in 2006 to determine temperature and temperature, oxygen and

depth profiles were the same as methods used during previous years of this study (1997-

2005). The timeline was slightly different among the years due to the grant

confirmations in each year. Temperature and oxygen were sampled in weekly during

2006 beginning in May Newton and Coffeen Jakes, and sampling continued through

September 2006. In order to compare the eight years of data, temperature, oxygen, and

depth profiles were taken in the same four stations Newton Lake (Figure A-I) and

Coffeen Lake (Figures A-2) during 2006 as in the previous years. Two probes from YSI

Model 550A temperature/oxygen meters were used in tandem for sampling.

Measurements were taken at O.5-m intervals from the surface to the bottom; therefore, the

final reading taken each sample date is within 0.5 - m of the bottom of the lake.

Mea~urements

were taken at the midpoint of each of four segments of each lake.

Oxygen membranes were changed frequently. Graphs depicting the temperature and

depth profiles taken are given in this appendix.

In

Newton Lake, temperature loggers were set for continuous readings (I-hr

intervals)

at three of Ameren' biostations in Newton Lake (Figure A-I) beginning in

June. The temperature loggers were programmed to measure temperature every 2

minutes, and the mean of these measurements was recorded every 1 hour to determine the

hourly temperature. We had an additional station on the buoy line near the intake.

Loggers were set at the surface and at I.S-m intervals to a maximum of 4.5 m at each

A-I

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

station. Thus, temperature Joggers were set at the surface, 1.5 m (4.9 ft.), 3.0 m (9.8 ft.),

and 4.5 m (14.8 ft.) in Segments 1 - 4 of Newton Lake. AMEREN provided water

temperature

data for mean monthly temperatures in the Newton Lake mixing zone

(discharge area).

In Coffeen

Lake, temperature loggers were set at the same depth intervals as

described for Newton Lake in four stations located on either Ameren's biostations or

rDNR buoys. The loggers were set at biostations at the mixing zone, near the dam, and

near the intake (Figure

A-2).

Additional loggers were set outside of the immediate

cooling loop on

a buoy provided by lDNR near the railroad bridge. Mean monthly

temperatures for

the discharge areas during 2006 were determined using SlU-C

temperature loggers

set at the surface. No data was provided by AMEREN prior to this

report.

In both lakes, mean daily temperature and maximum daily temperature was

detennined from the hourly readings. Monthly mean temperature was determined by

averaging the mean daily temperatures each month. Table

A-)

gives mean monthly

temperatures

recorded in the mixing zones of Newton Lake during 1997 through 2006.

Similar data is given for Coffeen Lake mixing zone temperatures in Table

A-2.

Aditionally in both lakes, there were numerous instnaces where the VEMCO temperature

loggers malfunctioned during 2006. VEMCO recently changed the materials with which

their loggers were manufactured. The new plastic casings often cracked at some point

during the year. As a result, despite sending the units in for data recovery, 30% of the

data was not recoverable. Finally, in Newton Lake, loggers set at station three were

A-2

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

evidently stolen. This is the second occassion where SIU-C loggers have been pilfered -

the first occassion occurred in Coffeen Lake several years earlier.

Weekly temperature, oxygen, and depth profiles were used to estimate the

amount of habitat available to the fish during the study periods. Combinations of

temperature (range 87 to 97° F) and oxygen (range from I to 4 ppm) were used to

determine percent of habitat available. For any combination of temperature and oxygen,

each 0.5 - m stratum was examined to determine if that stratum had water warmer than

the given temperature provided in the tables or oxygen levels lower than the given

oxygen provided in the tables.

If

either of these criteria were met, the stratum was

considered unavailable as habitat for fish. Summing all unavailable strata for a given

sampling date in a given segment and then dividing by the depth of the segment gave an

estimate of the percent of habitat that was unavailable to the fish. Subtraction from 100%

gave the percent habitat which was available. For example, if the water were 10 - m

deep in a particular segment on a sampling date, and for a given set of temperature and

oxygen criteria only 2.5 m was available as fish habitat; the percent habitat available

would have been 25%.

The above method was calculated in two dimensions to provide an estimate of

percent available habitat based upon assumptions of rectangular basin shape. ,Preliminary

investigations suggest that even extreme changes in basin shape have little effect on the

value calculated for percent available habitat.

A-3

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Table A- I. Mean monthly water surface temperatures at the outer edge of the

Newton Lake mixing zone. Mean temperatures were calculated from hourly

temeerature data

erovided by Ameren.

Number Surface temperature monthly

Year

Month

of days

average

1997

June

27

95.9

1997

July

31

10l.7

1997

August

31

96.2

1997

September

30

94.9

1997

October

31

86.3

1997

November

21

69.5

1997

December

31

71.3

1998

January

31

62.6

1998

February

28

63.8

1998

March

31

67

1998

April

30

79.7

1998

May

31

89.8

1998

June

30

96.3

1998

July

31

101-7

1998

August

31

102.3

1998

September

30

94.6

1998

October

31

87.5

1998

November

30

72.4

1998

December

31

69.8

1999

January

31

54

1999

February

28

67

1999

March

31

72.3

1999

April

30

77.3

1999

May

31

88.4

1999

June

30

97

1999

July

31

104.1

1999

August

31

99.7

1999

September

30

93.1

1999

October

31

85.4

1999

November

16

80.9

1999

December

24

72.7

A-4

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Table A.1. Continued.

Number

Surface temperature monthly

Year

Month

of days

average

2000

January

27

67.7

2000

February

19

74.9

2000

March

31

76.7

2000

April

30

71.6

2000

May

19

82.5

2000

June

29

94.2

2000

July

31

98

2000

August

3]

97.5

2000

September

30

92.8

2000

October

31

84.9

2000

November

30

75.8

2000

December

31

65.9

200]

January

•

•

2001

February

20

70.7

2001

March

17

73.6

200]

April

2

78.2

2001

May

31

91.7

2001

June

30

94.5

2001

July

31

100.1

2001

August

31

99.4

2001

September

30

92.9

2001

October

31

84.8

2001

November

30

75.0

2001

December

31

70.1

2002

January

30

70.9

2002

February

28

73.5

2002

March

31

72.5

2002

April

30

82.9

2002

May

31

84.8

2002

June

30

97.4

2002

July

31

99.1

2002

August

31

96.6

2002

September

30

94.0

2002

October

31

86.3

2002

November

30

79.2

2002

December

31

69.5

A.S

Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, April 24, 2009

---

Table A-I. Continued.

Number

Surface temperature

Year

Month

of days

monthly average

"".-

2003

January

31

68.9

2003

February

28

68.8

2003

March

31

76.3

2003

April

30

75.3

2003

May

31

84.6

2003

June

30

90.8

2003

July

31

96.9

2003

August

31

98.3

2003

September

24

92.7

2003

October

23

84.8

2003

November

30

77.8

2003

December