BEFORE
    THE
    ILLINOIS
    POLLUTION
    CONTROL
    BOARD
    DYNEGY
    MIDWEST
    GENERATION,
    INC.,
    Petitioner,
    ILLINOIS
    ENVIRONMENTAL
    PROTECTION
    Agency,
    To:
    NOTICE
    OF
    FILING
    John
    Therriault,
    Assistant
    Clerk
    Illinois
    Pollution
    Control
    Board
    James
    R.
    Thompson
    Center
    Suite
    11-500
    100
    West
    Randolph
    Chicago,
    Illinois
    60601
    Illinois
    Environmental
    Protection
    Agency
    Division
    of
    Legal
    Counsel
    1021
    North
    Grand
    Avenue,
    East
    P.O.
    Box
    19276
    Springfield,
    Illinois
    62794-9276
    PLEASE
    TAKE
    NOTICE
    that
    we
    have
    today
    electronically
    filed
    with
    the
    Office
    of
    the
    Clerk
    of
    the
    Pollution
    Control
    Board
    PETITION
    FOR
    VARIANCE,
    AFFIDAVIT
    OF
    ARIC
    D.
    DIERICX,
    and
    APPEARANCES
    OF
    KATHLEEN
    C.
    BASSI
    AND
    STEPHEN
    J.
    BONEBRAKE,
    copies
    of
    hich
    are
    herewith
    served
    upon
    you.
    Dated:
    January
    9,
    2009
    Kathleen
    C.
    Bassi
    Stephen
    J.
    Bonebrake
    SCHIFF
    HARDEN,
    LLP
    6600
    Sears
    Tower
    233
    South
    Wacker
    Drive
    Chicago,
    Illinois
    60606
    312-258-5500
    V.
    )
    )
    )
    )
    )
    PCB
    09-
    )
    Variance
    Air
    )
    )
    )
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    BEFORE
    THE
    ILLINOIS
    POLLUTION
    CONTROL
    BOARD
    DYNEGY
    MIDWEST
    GENERATION,
    INC.,
    )
    )
    Petitioner,
    )
    )
    v.
    )
    PCB
    09-
    )
    Variance
    Air
    ILLINOIS
    ENVIRONMENTAL
    )
    PROTECTION
    AGENCY,
    )
    )
    APPEARANCE
    I,
    KATHLEEN
    C.
    BASSI,
    hereby
    file
    my
    appearance
    in
    this
    proceeding
    on
    behalf
    of
    Petitioner,
    DYNEGY
    MIDWEST
    GENERATION,
    INC.
    Kathleen
    C.
    Bassi
    SchiffHardin
    LLP
    6600
    Sears
    Tower
    233
    South
    Wacker
    Drive
    Chicago,
    Illinois
    60606
    312-258-5500
    kbassi@schiffhardin.com
    Dated:
    January
    9,
    2009
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    BEFORE
    THE
    ILLINOIS
    POLLUTION
    CONTROL
    BOARD
    DYNEGY
    MIDWEST
    GENERATION,
    INC.,
    )
    )
    Petitioner,
    )
    )
    v.
    )
    PCB
    09-
    )
    Variance
    Air
    ILLINOIS
    ENVIRONMENTAL
    )
    PROTECTION
    Agency,
    )
    )
    APPEARANCE
    I,
    STEPHEN
    J.
    BONEBRAKE,
    hereby
    file
    my
    appearance
    in
    this
    proceeding
    on
    behalf
    of
    Petitioner,
    DYNEGY
    MIDWEST
    GENERATION,
    INC.
    Stfen
    3.
    Bonebrake
    Schiff
    Hardin
    LLP
    6600
    Sears
    Tower
    233
    South
    Wacker
    Drive
    Chicago,
    Illinois
    60606
    312-258-5500
    sbonebrake@schiffhardiri.com
    Dated:
    January
    9,
    2009
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    BEFORE
    THE
    ILLINOIS
    POLLUTION
    CONTROL
    BOARD
    DYNEGY
    MIDWEST
    GENERATION,
    INC.,
    )
    )
    Petitioner,
    )
    )
    v.
    )
    PCB
    09-
    )
    Variance
    Air
    ILLINOIS
    ENVIRONMENTAL
    )
    PROTECTION
    Agency,
    )
    )
    Respondent.
    )
    PETITION
    FOR
    VARIANCE
    NOW
    COMES
    Petitioner,
    DYNEGY
    MIDWEST
    GENERATION,
    NC.
    (“Petitioner”
    or
    “DMG”),
    by
    and
    through
    its
    attorneys,
    SCHIFF
    HARDFN,
    LLP,
    and,
    pursuant
    to
    Sections
    35
    and
    37
    of
    the
    Environmental
    Protection
    Act
    (“Act”),
    415
    ILCS
    5/3
    5,
    37,
    and
    35
    Ill.Adm.Code
    Part
    104,
    Subpart
    B,
    respectfi.illy
    requests
    that
    the
    Board
    grant
    the
    Petitioner
    a
    variance
    from
    certain
    provisions
    of
    the
    Illinois
    Multi-Pollutant
    Standard
    (“MPS”),
    35
    Ill.Adm.Code
    §
    225.233,
    as
    applied
    to
    Unit
    3
    at
    the
    Baldwin
    Energy
    Complex
    for
    the
    limited
    period
    beginning
    July
    1,
    2009,
    and
    ending
    March
    31,
    2010.
    Specifically,
    DMG
    seeks
    a
    variance
    at
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    from
    the
    MPS
    requirement
    in
    Sections
    225.233(c)(1)(A)
    and
    225.233(c)(2)
    to
    inject,
    beginning
    July
    1,
    2009,
    halogenated
    activated
    carbon’
    at
    a
    minimum
    injection
    rate
    of
    5.0
    pounds
    per
    million
    actual
    cubic
    feet
    (“lbs/macf”)
    exhaust
    gas
    flow
    and
    from
    related
    monitoring,
    recordkeeping,
    and
    reporting
    provisions
    at
    Sections
    225
    .210(b)
    and
    (d)
    and
    Note:
    “halogenated
    activated
    carbon”
    and
    “sorbent”
    are
    used
    interchangeably
    in
    this
    Petition.
    —1—
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    225.233(c)(5).
    DMG
    will
    suffer
    arbitrary
    or
    unreasonable
    hardship
    if
    the Board
    does
    not
    grant
    this
    requested
    variance.
    In
    support
    of
    its
    Petition,
    DMG
    states
    as
    follows:
    A.
    DMG
    GENERATES
    ELECTRICITY
    IN
    ILLiNOIS
    AT
    FIVE
    COAL-
    FIRED
    POWER
    STATIONS.
    I.
    DMG
    owns
    and
    operates
    five
    coal-fired
    electricity
    generating
    power
    plants
    in
    located
    in
    downstate
    Illinois.
    The
    Baldwin
    Energy
    Complex
    (“Baldwin”),
    whose
    Unit
    3
    is
    the
    subject
    this
    variance
    request,
    is
    located
    in
    Randolph
    County.
    The two
    other
    coal-
    fired
    power
    plants
    affected
    by
    DMG’s
    proposed
    conditions
    to
    this
    requested
    variance
    are
    the Havana
    Power
    Station
    (“Havana”)
    located
    in
    Mason
    County
    and
    the Hennepin
    Power
    Station
    (“Hennepin”)
    located
    in
    Putnam
    County.
    DMG’s
    other
    two
    coal-fired
    power
    plants
    are
    the
    Vermilion
    Power
    Station
    located
    in
    Vermilion
    County,
    and
    the
    Wood
    River
    Power
    Station
    located
    in
    Madison
    County.
    A
    map
    depicting
    the
    location
    of
    each
    of
    DMG’s
    coal-fired
    power
    plants
    is
    provided
    in
    Exhibit
    1.
    The
    addresses
    of
    the
    five
    power
    stations,
    their
    identification
    numbers
    assigned
    by
    the
    Illinois
    Environmental
    Protection
    Agency
    (“Agency”),
    age,
    permit
    application
    numbers,
    and
    other
    pertinent
    information
    regarding
    their
    output,
    pollution
    control
    equipment,
    and mercury
    emissions
    are
    provided
    in
    Exhibit
    2.
    DMG
    employs
    approximately
    588 persons
    at
    these
    five
    power
    stations,
    of
    whom
    approximately
    175
    are
    employed
    at
    Baldwin.
    2.
    The
    air
    monitoring
    stations
    maintained
    by
    the
    Agency
    that
    are
    nearest
    to
    Baldwin,
    as
    well
    as
    Havana
    and
    Hennepin,
    are
    identified
    in
    Exhibit
    .
    Randolph
    County,
    the
    location
    of
    Baldwin,
    is
    designated
    nonattainment
    for
    PM2.5
    and
    attainment
    2
    Exhibit
    1
    identifies
    the
    locations
    of
    all
    five
    of
    DMG’s
    coal-fired
    power
    plants,
    including
    Baldwin,
    Havana
    and
    Hennepin,
    on
    a
    copy
    of
    the
    map
    from
    the
    Agency’s
    illinois
    Annual
    Air
    Quality
    Report
    2006
    (at
    p.
    34),
    which
    identifies
    the
    locations
    of
    the
    Agency’s
    air
    quality
    monitoring
    stations.
    -2-
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    (or
    unclassifiable/attainment)
    for all
    other
    criteria
    pollutants.
    Mason
    and
    Putnam
    Counties,
    the respective
    locations
    of
    Havana
    and
    Hennepin,
    are
    designated
    attainment
    (or
    unclassifiable/attainment)
    for
    all
    criteria
    pollutants.
    See
    40
    CFR
    §
    81.3
    14;
    USEPA’s
    Green
    Book
    (list
    of
    national
    attainment
    and
    nonattainment
    designations)
    at
    http://www.epa.gov/oar/oagps/greenbkl.
    3.
    The
    principal
    emissions
    at
    DMG’s
    coal-fired
    power
    plants
    are
    sulfur
    dioxide
    (“SO
    2
    ”),
    nitrogen
    oxides
    (“NOx”),
    and
    particulate
    matter
    (“PM”).
    As
    relevant
    to
    this
    Petition,
    coal-fired
    power
    plants
    also emit
    mercury.
    SO
    2
    is
    currently
    generally
    controlled
    through
    the
    use
    of
    low
    sulfur
    coal.
    Additionally,
    DMG
    has
    construction
    permits
    for
    and
    is
    constructing
    spray
    dryer
    absorbers
    (i.e.,
    dry
    scrubbers)
    with
    fabric
    filter
    (i.e., baghouse)
    systems
    on
    all
    three
    Baldwin
    units,
    as
    well
    as
    on
    Havana
    Unit
    6,
    and
    DM0
    is
    installing
    a
    fabric
    filter
    on
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2.
    All
    of
    these
    dry
    scrubbers
    are
    scheduled
    to
    be
    placed
    into
    service
    by
    December
    31,
    2012.
    In
    fact,
    the
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    outage
    scheduled
    to
    begin
    in
    March
    2010
    will
    be
    used
    to
    install
    its
    dry
    scrubber
    and
    fabric filter.
    DMG
    did
    not
    defer
    its
    plans
    to
    install
    dry
    scrubbers
    in
    light
    of
    the
    remand
    of
    the
    federal
    Clean
    Air
    Interstate
    Rule
    (“CAIR”)
    in
    North
    Carolina
    v.
    EPA,
    531
    F.3d
    896
    (D.C.
    Cir.
    2008).
    When
    placed
    into
    service,
    these
    dry
    scrubbers
    will
    significantly
    reduce
    DMG’s
    system-wide
    4
    SO
    2
    emission
    rate.
    NOx
    emissions
    are
    generally
    controlled
    by
    various
    combinations
    of
    low
    sulfur
    coal,
    low
    NOx
    burners,
    over-fire
    air,
    and
    selective
    As
    of
    the
    date
    of
    submittal
    of
    this
    Petition
    for
    Variance
    to
    the
    Board,
    the
    court in
    North
    Carolina
    has
    remanded
    the
    CAIR
    to
    the U.S.
    Environmental
    Protection
    Agency
    (“USEPA”)
    without
    vacatur.
    See
    North
    Carolina
    v.
    EPA,
    No.
    05-1244
    ((D.C.
    Cir.
    Dec.
    23,
    2008)
    (Order
    remanding
    rule
    without
    vacatur).
    “System-wide”
    refers
    only
    to
    DMG’s
    coal-fired
    units
    subject
    to
    the
    Illinois
    mercury
    rule,
    35
    Ill.Adm.Code
    Part
    225.Subpart
    B.
    -3-
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    catalytic
    reduction
    systems
    (“SCRs”).
    PM
    is
    generally
    controlled
    through
    the
    use
    of flue
    gas
    conditioning,
    electrostatic
    precipitators
    (“ESPs”),
    and
    fabric
    filter
    systems.
    In
    accordance
    with
    the
    provisions
    of
    the
    MPS
    established
    in
    the
    Illinois
    mercury rule,
    DM0
    will
    control
    mercury
    emissions
    by
    injection
    of
    halogenated
    activated
    carbon
    in
    conjunction
    with
    SCRs,
    dry
    scrubbers,
    ESPs,
    and
    fabric
    filters.
    4.
    DM0 has
    never
    previously
    sought
    or obtained
    a variance
    from
    the
    Board.
    To
    the
    best
    of
    DMG’s
    knowledge,
    a
    prior
    owner
    of Baldwin
    once
    before
    obtained
    a
    Board
    variance
    for
    Baldwin
    on
    an
    unrelated
    matter
    (i.e.,
    PCB
    1999-0002,
    granting
    a 45-day
    provisional
    variance
    from
    conditions
    and
    effluent
    discharge
    limits
    in
    35
    1ll.Adm.Code
    §
    304.120
    and
    304.141(b)
    in
    July
    1998)
    but
    not
    concerning
    similar
    relief.
    B.
    DMG SUPPORTED
    THE
    MPS
    IN
    2006
    TO
    COORDINATE
    MERCURY
    EMISSION
    CONTROLS
    WITH
    OTHER
    EMISSION
    CONTROL
    REQUIREMENTS.
    5.
    In
    May
    2005, USEPA
    promulgated
    the
    Clean
    Air
    Mercury
    Rule
    (“CAMR”),
    70
    Fed.
    Reg.
    28606 (May
    18,
    2005), to
    reduce
    mercury
    emissions
    from
    coal-
    fired
    electric
    generating
    units
    (“EGUs”)
    in
    the
    lower
    48
    states.
    The
    federal
    CAMR,
    which applied
    to EGUs
    with
    nameplate
    capacities
    greater
    than
    25
    megawatts,
    established
    caps
    on
    the
    mercury
    emissions
    for
    each
    affected
    state
    and
    allowed
    states
    to
    participate
    in
    USEPA-administered
    emissions
    trading
    programs
    if
    their
    state
    programs
    met
    certain
    minimum
    requirements.
    DMG’s
    coal-fired
    power plants
    are
    EGUs
    that
    were
    subject
    to
    the
    federal
    CAMR.
    6.
    In
    December
    2006,
    the
    Board
    adopted
    the
    Illinois
    mercury
    rule
    at
    R06-25
    to
    satisfy
    the
    federal
    CAMR
    requirements
    in
    Illinois.
    The
    rule
    adopted
    by
    the
    Board
    differs
    significantly
    from
    the
    federal
    CAMR in
    a
    very
    important
    way:
    the
    Illinois
    -4-
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    mercury
    rule
    adopts a
    command-and-control
    approach
    that
    requires
    affected
    coal-fired
    power
    plants
    to
    achieve
    a
    90% reduction
    from
    input
    mercury
    or
    an
    emission
    rate
    of
    0.0080
    lb
    mercury/GWh
    gross
    electrical
    output
    5
    and
    rejects
    participation
    in
    the
    federal
    mercury
    emissions
    trading
    program.
    6
    7.
    In
    2006, when
    the
    Agency
    was
    developing
    its
    mercury
    rule,
    DMG
    was
    also
    simultaneously
    faced
    with
    developing
    a
    compliance
    strategy
    to
    meet
    future
    emission
    reduction requirements
    under
    both
    the
    Illinois
    CAIR
    and
    the
    Consent
    Decree
    DMG
    had
    entered
    with,
    among
    others,
    the
    federal
    government.
    7
    The
    CAIR
    establishes
    a
    state-wide
    cap
    on
    SO
    2
    and
    NOx
    emissions
    from
    EGUs
    that
    must
    be
    implemented
    through
    emission
    reductions
    and/or
    emissions
    allowance
    trading.
    In
    general,
    the
    Consent
    Decree
    requires
    DM0
    to
    reduce
    SO
    2
    ,
    NOx,
    and
    PM
    emissions
    at
    its
    five
    coal-fired
    power
    plants
    and
    mercury
    at
    the
    Vermilion
    Power
    Station
    through
    a
    combination
    of
    enforceable
    emission
    limits,
    installation
    of
    mandatory
    pollution
    control
    and
    monitoring
    technology,
    and
    SO
    2
    and
    NOx
    allowance
    restrictions,
    with
    full
    compliance
    to
    be
    achieved
    by
    the
    end
    of
    2012.
    8.
    DM0
    evaluated
    its
    environmental
    compliance
    strategy
    in
    light
    of
    the
    available
    pollution
    control
    technologies,
    including
    use
    of
    potential
    co-benefit
    emission
    control
    technologies
    that
    reduce
    not
    only
    mercury
    but
    also
    NOx
    and/or
    SO
    2
    .
    DM0
    Hereinafter,
    this
    Petition
    refers
    only
    to
    the
    90% reduction
    compliance
    option
    for
    the
    sake
    of
    simplicity.
    6
    The
    CAMR
    was
    vacated
    by
    State
    of
    New
    Jersey
    v.
    Environmental
    Protection
    Agency,
    517
    F.3d
    574
    (D.C.
    Cir.
    2008),pet.for
    cert.filed,
    77
    U.S.L.W.
    3253
    (U.S.
    Oct.
    17,
    2008) (No.
    08-5
    12).
    United States,
    et
    al.
    v.
    Illinois
    Power
    Co.,
    et
    al.,
    No.
    99-CV-833-MJR
    (S.D.
    Ill.)
    (Consent
    Decree
    entered
    May
    27,
    2005)
    (a
    copy
    of
    the
    Consent
    Decree
    as
    originally
    entered
    is
    available
    at
    <www.epa.
    gov/compliance/resources/cases/civilfcaa/
    illinoispower.html
    >
    under
    the
    link
    “Consent
    Decree.”
    -5-
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    determined
    that
    the best
    approach
    to implementing
    reasonable and effective
    air
    emissions
    reductions
    from its coal-fired
    power
    plants
    was
    for the Agency
    to
    adopt
    a comprehensive
    approach that
    would address
    mercury
    emissions
    in
    coordination
    with
    other
    air emission
    reduction requirements.
    While
    recognizing
    that
    the
    injection
    of halogenated
    activated
    carbon can reduce
    mercury emissions,
    DM0 did not
    believe that considerably
    high
    levels
    of mercury removal
    at all units
    could
    be achieved in the short
    run or that
    the
    reductions
    could
    be
    measured
    with sufficient
    accuracy
    to
    assure
    compliance
    with
    the Illinois
    mercury
    emission
    limits.
    9.
    DM0
    determined that
    compliance with
    its Consent
    Decree, the Illinois
    CAIR and the
    Illinois mercury nile could
    require the
    installation of various
    combinations
    of pollution control
    equipment.
    The pollution
    control equipment
    necessary
    for DM0
    to
    meet
    its
    NOx
    limits
    (i.e.,
    SCRs) and SO2 limits
    (i.e.,
    dry
    scrubbers)
    for the
    CAIR,
    as
    well
    as fabric filters
    for PM control
    under
    the Consent Decree, also
    enhance a
    source’s ability
    to
    reduce
    mercury
    emissions and,
    therefore,
    enhance DMG’s
    ability
    to ensure
    compliance
    with
    Illinois’
    mercury
    emissions
    limits. These
    same combinations
    of
    control
    technologies
    were necessary
    for DMG to
    comply with the
    Consent Decree,
    the
    CAIR, and
    the Illinois
    mercury rule; however,
    all of the pollution
    control equipment
    could not
    be
    installed
    by
    the
    earliest compliance
    date, i.e.,
    July 1, 2009,
    the
    initial
    compliance
    deadline
    for the
    Illinois mercury
    rule.
    Thus,
    coordination of
    these separate regulatory
    emission
    reduction
    requirements
    was
    essential.
    10.
    For these
    reasons, DMG
    (and
    other electricity
    generators
    in
    Illinois)
    worked
    with
    the Agency
    on
    a
    proposal
    to coordinate
    the
    intertwined
    mercury,
    NOx,
    and
    SO
    2
    emissions
    control planning.
    That effort
    resulted
    in the
    MPS,
    which
    was
    adopted
    by
    -6-
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    the
    Board
    as part
    of the
    Illinois
    mercury
    rule at Section
    225.233.
    DMG
    opted in
    to
    the
    MPS on
    November
    26,
    2007,
    see Ex.
    38
    11.
    The
    MPS
    requires
    DM0
    to install
    and operate
    halogenated
    activated
    carbon
    injection
    systems
    to control
    mercury emissions
    but extends
    the
    deadline
    to
    demonstrate
    compliance
    with
    the rule’s
    overall
    90%
    mercury
    reduction
    requirement
    until
    2015.
    Prior to
    2015
    DM0
    units
    are subject
    to
    the
    sorbent
    injection
    rate
    requirements.
    The
    MPS also
    establishes
    strict, declining
    emissions
    limits
    for NOx
    and
    SO2 over a
    period
    of time,
    including
    a system-wide
    SO2
    limit
    of
    0.24
    lb/mmBtu
    in
    2013,
    declining
    to
    a
    rate of
    0.19 lb/mmBtu
    in 2015,
    and precludes
    trading
    of any
    excess NOx
    and
    SO
    2
    allowances
    that may
    be generated
    by
    the pollution
    control
    equipment
    necessary
    to
    meet
    the
    applicable
    emissions
    limitations.
    As
    a
    result, because
    the
    MPS and the
    Consent
    Decree each
    restrict
    the emissions
    trading
    otherwise
    available
    under the
    CAIR,
    DMG
    must
    install and
    operate pollution
    control
    equipment
    and
    cannot rely
    on
    allowance
    purchases
    as a
    compliance
    strategy
    or
    compliance
    timing tool.
    12.
    In order
    for
    it to meet
    the emission
    reduction
    requirements
    of the MPS
    and
    the
    Consent Decree,
    DM0 must
    plan for
    and finance
    the purchase
    of
    the
    necessary
    pollution
    control equipment.
    Since the
    MPS and
    Consent
    Decree
    require
    compliance
    with
    specified
    emissions
    rates, DM0
    does not
    have
    the
    flexibility
    available to
    other
    companies
    to
    delay
    this
    equipment
    planning
    and
    financing
    through
    purchases
    of
    allowances
    to
    satisfy its compliance
    obligations
    until
    the
    financial,
    labor,
    and
    equipment
    markets
    are
    more
    advantageous.
    The
    procurement
    process
    for So
    2
    ,
    PM,
    and
    mercury
    8
    DMG’s
    MPS
    Group
    includes
    each of
    the
    10 individual
    coal-fired
    units located
    at
    its
    five power
    stations, as
    required to
    be
    included
    in a single
    MPS
    group
    by
    Section
    225.233(a)(2).
    -7-
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    pollution
    control
    devices
    — each of
    which alone involves
    significant
    equipment
    and
    engineering —
    is
    approximately
    three to five years.
    For example,
    in order for Baldwin
    Unit 3 to comply
    with its
    SO
    2
    emission
    rate
    requirements by
    the
    end
    of 2010, DMG
    commenced
    its
    procurement
    process
    in
    2007.
    The estimated
    time for
    actual construction,
    tie-in, commissioning,
    startup,
    and testing of
    a dry scrubber is approximately
    three years.
    From
    engineering
    concept to
    online operation,
    including permitting,
    the
    period
    is
    approximately
    four and one-half
    years.
    13.
    DMG has
    estimated that its capital
    costs
    of compliance
    with
    the
    Illinois
    mercury rule
    (including the MPS)
    and
    its
    Consent
    Decree would
    be a total of
    $973
    million
    by
    2013. These estimates
    may change
    depending
    on
    additional federal
    or state
    requirements
    (including
    any
    related
    to the
    CAIR
    remand),
    the ultimate
    outcome
    of any
    appeals
    relative
    to
    the CAMR
    vacatur, new
    technology, or
    variations
    in costs of material
    or
    labor, among other reasons.
    14.
    Given the
    large
    capital
    and operations and maintenance
    (“O&M”) projects
    involved
    in
    pollution
    control
    decisions at each
    of
    its
    five coal-fired power
    plants,
    DMG
    must
    proceed
    cautiously to
    maintain its financial
    resources
    and
    operational flexibility,
    as
    well
    as the integrity of the
    electricity
    generation
    system
    that supports
    Illinois’
    economy.
    DM0
    continues
    to
    evaluate
    compliance
    strategies
    at
    each of
    its
    coal-fired
    power
    plants
    to
    identify
    the optimal
    locations
    for
    investments
    and
    expenditures
    consistent
    with
    the goal of
    maintaining
    operational
    flexibility
    within
    a competitive
    energy market.
    -8-
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    C.
    DMG
    REQUIRES
    TEMPORARY
    RELIEF
    FROM
    SECTIONS
    225.233(c)(1)(A),
    SECTION
    225.233(c)(2), 225.210(b),
    225.210(d)
    AND
    225.233(c)(5)
    AT
    BALDWIN
    UNIT
    3 TO
    AVOID WASTING
    LIMITED
    RESOURCES AND
    TO
    PROVIDE OPERATING
    FLEXIBILITY
    IN
    CONJUNCTION
    WITH ITS
    OTHER
    ENVIRONMENTAL
    OBLIGATIONS.
    15.
    DM0
    seeks
    this
    variance
    because making
    capital and operating
    expenditures
    to install and
    operate
    a
    halogenated activated
    carbon
    injection system on
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    that will
    need
    to be removed
    and
    re-located
    nine months
    after July 1,
    2009,
    upon installation of the
    dry scrubber and fabric
    filter
    systems
    on Baldwin Unit 3
    is
    not financially
    prudent, would
    divert
    capital
    and operating
    expenditures
    that could
    be
    otherwise
    better
    spent,
    and
    will result in adverse environmental
    effects. DMG faces
    arbitrary
    and
    unreasonable hardship
    if it is not granted
    the variance
    and allowed
    to
    make
    responsible
    operating decisions
    regarding
    the
    best
    combinations of
    actions to
    address
    the
    myriad
    compliance requirements
    of the MPS and Consent
    Decree.
    16.
    Specifically,
    DM0
    seeks
    relief
    from
    the
    requirement
    in Sections
    225.233(c)(1)(A)
    and
    225.233(c)(2) that
    it inject
    halogenated
    activated
    carbon
    in Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    beginning
    July
    1, 2009,
    at a rate
    of
    5.0 lbs/macf
    exhaust
    gas
    and from the related
    monitoring,
    recordkeeping,
    and
    reporting
    provisions of
    Sections 225.210(b)
    and (d) and
    225.233(c)(5).
    Sections
    225.233(c)(l)(A)
    and 225.233(c)(2)
    of
    the MPS provide,
    in
    relevant
    part:
    9
    c)
    Control Technology Requirements
    for Emissions
    of
    Mercury.
    1)
    Requirements
    for EGUs in
    an
    MPS Group.
    Excluding amendments
    currently proposed
    in Docket
    R09-10
    to
    add sorbent
    manufacturers
    to
    the
    approved
    list;
    DMG
    would
    expect
    to be
    able
    to use the
    additional
    sorbent
    manufacturers
    if the
    Board adopts those
    amendments.
    -9-
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    A)
    For
    each
    EGU
    in
    an
    MPS
    Group
    other
    than
    an
    EGU
    that
    is
    addressed
    by
    subsection
    (c)(1)(B)
    of
    this
    Section
    for
    the
    period
    beginning
    July
    1,
    2009...
    and
    ending
    December
    31,2014..
    .
    ,the
    owner or
    operator
    of
    the
    EGU
    must
    install,
    to
    the
    extent not
    already
    installed,
    and
    properly
    operate
    and
    maintain
    one
    of
    the
    following
    emission
    control
    devices:
    i)
    A
    Halogenated
    Activated
    Carbon
    Injection
    System,
    complying
    with
    the
    sorbent
    injection
    requirements
    of
    subsection
    (2)
    of
    this
    Section.
    2)
    For
    each
    EGU
    for
    which
    injection
    of
    halogenated
    activated
    carbon
    is required
    by
    subsection
    (c)(1)
    of
    this
    Section,
    the
    owner
    or
    operator
    of the
    EGU
    must
    inject
    halogenated
    activated
    carbon
    in
    an
    optimum
    manner,
    which,
    except
    as
    provided
    in
    subsection
    (c)(4)
    of
    this
    Section,
    is
    defined as
    all
    of
    the
    following:
    A)
    The
    use
    of
    an
    injection
    system
    designed
    for
    effective
    absorption
    of
    mercury,
    considering
    the
    configuration
    of
    the
    EGU
    and
    its
    ductwork;
    B)
    The
    injection
    of
    halogenated
    activated
    carbon
    manufactured
    by
    Aistom,
    Norit, or Sorbent
    Technologies,
    or
    the
    injection
    of
    any
    other
    halogenated
    activated
    carbon
    or sorbent
    that
    the
    owner or
    operator
    of
    the
    EGU
    has
    demonstrated
    to
    have
    similar
    or
    better
    effectiveness
    for
    control of
    mercury
    emissions;
    and
    C)
    The
    injection
    of sorbent
    at
    the
    following
    minimum
    rates,
    as
    applicable:
    i)
    For
    an
    EGU
    firing
    subbituminous
    coal,
    5.0
    lbs
    per
    million actual
    cubic
    feet
    or,
    for
    any
    cyclone-fired
    EGU
    that
    will
    install
    a
    scrubber
    and
    baghouse
    by
    December
    31,
    2012,
    and
    which
    already
    meets
    an
    emission
    rate
    of
    0.020
    lb
    mercury/GWh
    gross
    electrical
    output
    or
    at
    least
    75 percent
    reduction
    of
    input
    mercury,
    2.5
    lbs
    per
    million
    actual
    cubic
    feet;
    -10-
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    ii)
    For
    an
    EGU
    firing
    bituminous
    coal,
    10.0
    lbs
    per
    million
    actual
    cubic
    feet
    or
    for
    any
    cyclone-fired
    EGU
    that
    will
    install
    a
    scrubber
    and
    baghouse
    by
    December
    31,
    2012,
    and
    which
    already
    meets
    an
    emission
    rate
    of
    0.020
    lb
    mercurylGWh
    gross
    electrical
    output
    or
    at
    least
    75
    percent
    reduction
    of
    input
    mercury,
    5.0
    lbs
    per
    million
    actual
    cubic
    feet;
    iii)
    For
    an
    EGU
    firing
    a
    blend
    of
    subbituminous
    and
    bituminous
    coal,
    a
    rate
    that
    is
    the
    weighted
    average
    of
    the
    above
    rates,
    based
    on
    the
    blend
    of
    coal
    being
    fired;
    or
    iv)
    A
    rate
    or
    rates
    set
    lower
    by
    the
    Agency,
    in
    writing,
    than
    the
    rate
    specified
    in
    any
    of
    subsections
    (c)(2)(C)(i),
    (c)(2)(C)(ii),
    or
    (c)(2)(C)(iii)
    of
    this
    Section
    on
    a
    unit-
    specific
    basis,
    provided
    that
    the
    owner
    or
    operator
    of
    the
    EGU
    has
    demonstrated
    that
    such
    rate
    or
    rates
    are
    needed
    so
    that
    carbon
    injection
    will
    not
    increase
    particulate
    matter
    emissions
    or
    opacity
    so
    as
    to
    threaten
    noncompliance
    with
    applicable
    requirements
    for
    particulate
    matter
    or
    opacity.
    D)
    For
    the
    purposes
    of
    subsection
    (c)(2)(C)
    of
    this
    Section,
    the
    flue
    gas
    flow
    rate
    must
    be
    determined
    for
    the
    point
    of
    sorbent
    injection;
    provided
    that
    this
    flow
    rate
    may
    be
    assumed
    to
    be
    identical
    to
    the
    stack
    flow
    rate
    if
    the
    gas
    temperatures
    at
    the
    point
    of
    injection
    and
    the
    stack
    are
    normally
    within
    1000
    F,
    or
    the
    flue
    gas
    flow
    rate
    may
    otherwise
    be
    calculated
    from
    the
    stack
    flow
    rate,
    corrected
    for
    the
    difference
    in
    gas
    temperatures.
    Sections
    225.210(b)
    and
    (d)
    require
    that
    the
    owners
    or
    operators
    of
    EGUs
    subject
    to
    the
    mercury
    rule
    comply
    with
    the
    monitoring,
    recordkeeping,
    and
    reporting
    requirements
    of
    Sections
    225.240
    through
    225.290.
    Section
    225.233(c)(5)
    sets
    forth
    additional
    —11—
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    monitoring,
    recordkeeping,
    and
    reporting
    requirements
    applicable
    to
    EGUs
    that
    have
    opted
    in
    to
    the
    MPS.
    Although
    DMG
    believes
    that it
    would
    not
    be
    subject
    to
    these
    monitoring,
    recordkeeping,
    and
    reporting
    requirements
    if
    it
    were
    granted
    relief
    from
    the
    underlying
    substantive
    requirements,
    nevertheless,
    DMG
    is
    seeking
    relief
    from
    these
    monitoring,
    recordkeeping,
    and
    reporting
    requirements
    to
    ensure
    that
    there
    are
    no
    questions
    in
    this
    regard.
    17.
    In
    accordance
    with
    the
    MPS,
    DMG
    must
    begin
    injecting
    halogenated
    activated
    carbon
    at
    (i)
    four
    of
    its
    coal-fired
    units
    on
    July
    1,
    2009
    (Baldwin
    Units
    1-3,
    Wood
    River
    Unit
    5),
    and
    (ii)
    five
    of
    its
    units on
    December
    31,
    2009
    (Havana
    Unit 6,
    Hennepin
    Units
    1
    and
    2,
    Vermilion
    Units
    1
    and 2).’°
    DMG
    has
    obtained
    construction
    permits
    to
    install
    sorbent
    injection
    equipment
    at
    these
    nine
    units.
    These
    nine
    units
    represent
    approximately
    97%
    of
    DMG’s
    installed
    coal-fired
    capacity.
    18.
    At
    the
    minimum
    sorbent
    injection
    rate
    specified
    in
    the
    MPS,
    DMG
    estimates
    it
    would
    need
    to
    inject
    approximately
    20
    million
    pounds
    of
    sorbent
    during
    each
    12-month
    period.
    At
    the
    MPS’
    minimum
    injection
    rate,
    over
    the
    period
    July
    1,
    2009,
    through
    December31,
    20l4,
    DMG
    would
    inject
    more
    than
    115
    million
    pounds
    of
    sorbent
    system-wide.
    With
    vendor
    bids
    for
    halogenated
    activated
    carbon
    plus
    delivery
    currently
    in
    excess
    of
    $1
    per pound,
    the
    injection
    of
    sorbent
    will
    represent
    a
    significant
    operating
    expense
    for
    DMG’s
    MPS
    units.
    At
    the
    minimum
    injection
    rate of
    the
    MPS,
    DM0
    estimates
    that
    sorbent
    injection
    at
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    alone,
    from
    July
    1,
    2009,
    through
    10
    As
    required
    by
    the
    Consent
    Decree,
    DM0
    has
    already
    installed
    and is
    operating
    a
    fabric
    filter
    system
    with
    sorbent
    injection
    at
    its
    Vermilion
    Power
    Station.
    Wood
    River
    Unit
    4
    is
    not
    required
    to
    begin
    injecting
    sorbent
    until
    January
    1,
    2013.
    -12-
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    March
    31,
    2010, would
    amount
    to
    4 million
    pounds
    of
    sorbent
    at an approximate
    cost of
    $4
    million.”
    19.
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    emissions
    are currently
    controlled
    by
    a
    cold-side
    ESP,
    which
    includes
    SO3
    injection.
    If
    subject
    to the MPS
    mercury requirements
    beginning
    July 1,
    2009,
    DM0 would
    be
    required to
    install
    a sorbent
    injection
    system
    upstream
    of
    the
    cold-side
    ESP in
    order
    for the
    mercury/halogenated
    activated
    carbon
    residue
    to be
    removed
    from
    the
    flue
    gas
    prior
    to
    being
    emitted.
    In
    its scheduled
    spring
    2010 outage,
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    will
    be
    retrofitted
    with a
    dry
    scrubber
    and
    a
    new
    fabric
    filter
    system to
    meet
    emission
    reduction
    requirements
    under
    the Illinois
    CAIR
    and
    the
    Consent
    Decree.
    As
    a
    result,
    when
    Baldwin Unit
    3
    resumes
    operation
    in 2010 after
    the
    spring
    outage,
    it
    will
    be
    re-configured
    with
    a
    sorbent
    injection
    system
    located
    downstream
    of
    the ESP
    and
    upstream of
    the
    fabric
    filter
    system.
    This configuration
    will
    allow DM0
    to
    collect fly
    ash
    in the
    ESP
    prior
    to
    the injection
    of
    activated
    carbon
    into the
    flue gas stream,
    with
    the
    activated
    carbon
    residue
    removed
    in
    the
    fabric
    filter system
    and
    subsequently
    disposed.
    20.
    The
    installation
    of sorbent injection
    lances
    in the ductwork
    upstream
    of the
    ESP
    on
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3 in
    order
    to
    meet the
    MPS mercury
    requirements
    beginning
    July
    1,
    2009,
    would
    require
    a multi-day
    unit
    outage
    and
    result
    in the loss
    of
    operating
    revenue
    (i.e.,
    this
    unplanned
    outage
    would not
    be required
    if the injection
    equipment
    was
    installed
    as
    part of
    the
    spring
    2010 fabric
    filter
    retrofit
    outage).
    DMG
    estimates
    that
    it
    will cost
    approximately
    $100,000
    to
    install
    the injection
    equipment
    upstream
    of the
    ESP;
    re
    locating it
    after
    nine months
    to
    a
    location
    downstream
    of
    the ESP would
    increase
    these
    Notably,
    in the
    economic
    analysis
    to
    support
    its mercury
    rule,
    the
    Agency
    estimated the
    cost
    of
    halogenated
    activated
    carbon
    at only
    80
    cents per
    pound.
    R06-25,
    Tr.
    at 81
    (June
    22, 2006).
    -13-
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    installation
    costs
    accordingly.
    Injection
    into
    the
    flue
    gas
    stream
    upstream
    of
    an
    ESP
    provides
    an
    opportunity
    for
    mercury
    removal
    only
    while
    the
    sorbent
    is
    suspended
    in
    the
    flue
    gas
    stream.
    In
    contrast,
    injection
    upstream
    of
    a
    fabric
    filter
    system
    provides
    opportunity
    for
    mercury
    removal
    while
    the
    activated
    carbon
    is
    suspended
    in
    the
    flue
    gas
    stream
    and
    even
    greater
    mercury
    removal
    when
    the
    sorbent
    is
    located
    on
    the
    surface
    of
    the
    bags.
    The
    increased
    contact
    between
    the
    flue
    gas
    and
    mercury
    particles
    increases
    the
    mercury
    removal
    efficiency.
    21.
    An
    evaluation
    of
    DMG’s
    fleet
    has
    revealed
    a
    viable
    alternative
    to
    the
    installation
    and
    operation
    of
    a
    sorbent
    injection
    system
    on
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    prior
    to
    the
    installation
    of
    the
    fabric
    filter
    system
    in
    spring
    2010.
    Rather
    than
    wasting
    resources
    at
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    by
    installing
    a
    sorbent
    injection
    system
    upstream
    of
    the
    cold-side
    ESP
    in
    order
    to
    meet
    the
    July
    1,
    2009,
    MPS
    sorbent
    injection
    deadline,
    only
    to
    have
    to
    remove
    it
    within
    nine
    months,
    DMG
    proposes
    an
    alternative
    that
    will
    result
    in
    a
    net
    environmental
    benefit.
    22.
    Specifically,
    instead
    of
    injecting
    sorbent
    beginning
    July
    1,
    2009,
    at
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3,
    DMG
    proposes
    to
    inject
    sorbent
    at
    Havana
    Unit
    6
    and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2
    six
    months
    before
    the
    MPS
    deadline
    applicable
    to
    these
    units.
    The
    overall
    mercury
    reductions
    to
    be
    achieved
    by
    Havana
    Unit
    6
    and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2
    will
    be
    largely
    contemporaneous
    with
    the
    time
    period
    sorbent
    would
    have
    been
    injected
    into
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3.
    In
    addition,
    the
    proposed
    variance
    will
    result
    in
    collateral
    environmental
    benefits
    with
    regard
    to
    fly
    ash
    re-use
    and
    carbon
    dioxide
    (“C0
    2
    ”)
    emission
    reductions.
    23.
    Havana
    Unit 6
    and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2
    will be
    retrofitted
    with
    fabric
    filter
    particulate
    collection
    systems
    and
    sorbent
    injection
    systems
    by
    July
    1,
    2009.
    These
    two
    -14-
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    fabric
    filter
    and
    sorbent
    injection
    systems
    will
    remove at
    least
    as
    much
    mercury
    as
    sorbent
    injection
    upstream
    of
    the
    ESP
    at
    Baldwin Unit
    3
    and
    are
    likely
    to
    remove
    more
    mercury
    emissions than
    the
    cold-side
    ESP
    on
    Baldwin Unit
    3,
    which
    includes
    SO
    3
    injection
    to
    aid
    in
    particulate
    collection.
    See
    Ex.
    4.
    In addition,
    even
    at lower
    injection
    rates,
    fabric
    filter
    systems
    are
    more
    effective
    at
    removing
    mercury
    than
    ESP-controlled
    units
    with
    SO
    3
    injection,
    which
    somewhat
    inhibits
    mercury
    removal.
    See
    Exs.
    5
    and
    4.
    The
    net
    effect
    of
    injecting
    sorbent
    upstream
    of
    the
    Havana
    Unit
    6
    and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2
    fabric
    filter
    systems
    will
    be
    much
    more
    cost-effective
    mercury
    removal.
    Moreover,
    the
    combined
    generating
    capability
    of
    Havana
    Unit
    6
    and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2
    is
    greater
    than
    that
    of
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    (L e.,
    645
    MW
    net
    (aggregate)
    for
    Havana
    Unit
    6
    and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2
    compared
    to
    600
    MW
    net
    for
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3).
    Therefore,
    the
    fabric
    filter/sorbent
    injection
    systems
    at
    Havana
    Unit
    6
    and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2
    could
    generate
    even
    more
    mercury
    reductions
    than
    the
    cold-side
    ESP
    plus
    sorbent
    injection
    system
    at
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    alone.
    DMG
    estimates
    that
    mercury
    reductions
    at
    Havana
    Unit
    6
    and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2
    from
    July
    1,
    2009,
    through
    December
    31,
    2009,
    would
    aggregate
    up
    to
    19
    pounds
    more
    mercury
    reduction
    than
    would
    have
    been
    achieved at
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    from
    July
    1,
    2009,
    through
    commencement
    of
    the
    spring
    2010
    planned
    outage.
    See
    Ex.
    6.
    Additionally,
    relying
    on
    Havana
    Unit
    6
    and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2, rather
    than Baldwin
    Unit
    3,
    for
    mercury
    reductions
    would
    avoid
    the
    need
    for
    an
    unplanned
    forced
    outage
    in
    early
    2009
    and
    the
    cost
    of
    relocating
    the
    injection
    system
    on
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3.
    Under
    the
    proposed
    alternative
    of
    commencing
    sorbent
    injection
    at
    Havana
    Unit
    6
    and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2 on
    July
    1,
    2009,
    these
    units
    could
    inject
    about
    2.5
    million
    fewer
    pounds
    of
    sorbent
    than at
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    from
    July
    1,
    2009,
    through March
    31,
    2010.
    -15-
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    24.
    To
    ensure
    the
    generation
    of
    mercury
    emission
    reductions
    at
    Havana
    Unit
    6
    and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2,
    DMG
    would
    begin
    injecting
    halogenated
    activated
    carbon
    at
    Havana
    Unit
    6
    and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2
    six
    months
    before
    the
    MPS
    deadline
    (on
    July
    1,
    2009,
    instead
    of
    December
    31,
    2009)
    applicable
    to
    those
    units.
    DM0
    would
    inject
    sorbent
    at
    Havana
    Unit
    6 and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2
    at
    a
    rate of
    5
    lbs/macf
    unless
    or
    until
    DMG
    informs
    the
    Agency
    that
    these
    units,
    individually
    or
    averaged
    together,
    achieve
    mercury
    reductions
    of
    90%
    (or
    comply
    with the
    mercury
    emission
    rate of
    0.0080
    lb/GWhr)
    as
    determined
    by
    a stack
    test
    performed
    in
    accordance
    with proposed
    Sections
    225
    .239(d)(4)
    and
    (5),
    (e),
    and
    (0(1),
    assuming
    those
    sections
    adopted
    are
    substantially
    the
    same
    as
    proposed.
    25.
    Because
    DM0
    is
    still
    evaluating,
    installing,
    and
    testing
    its
    mercury
    control
    systems,
    it
    is
    unable
    at
    this
    time
    to
    determine
    exactly
    how
    much mercury
    will
    be
    controlled
    at
    Havana
    Unit 6
    and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2.
    Likewise,
    DM0
    is
    uncertain as
    to
    the
    precise
    amount
    of
    mercury
    that
    will
    be
    emitted
    by
    Baldwin
    Unit 3.
    However,
    on
    the
    basis
    of
    historic
    operating
    data
    in
    conjunction
    with
    load
    forecasts
    and
    best engineering
    judgment
    concerning
    the
    early
    operation
    of
    DMG’s
    mercury
    removal
    equipment
    at
    Havana
    Unit
    6
    and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2,
    DM0
    estimates
    that
    Havana
    Unit
    6
    and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2,
    in
    aggregate,
    will
    reduce
    mercury
    by
    up
    to
    19
    pounds
    more
    than would
    be
    reduced
    from
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    during
    the
    timeframes
    covered
    by
    this
    Petition.
    See
    Ex.
    6.
    26.
    Importantly,
    DM0
    does
    seek
    changes
    to
    any
    other
    requirements
    of
    the
    MPS.
    DM0
    remains
    committed
    to
    the
    previously
    agreed-to
    SO
    2
    and
    NOx
    reductions
    reflected
    in
    the
    MPS
    rule
    and
    does
    not
    seek
    a
    change
    to
    the
    requirement
    that
    it
    install
    SO
    2
    or
    NOx
    controls
    on
    its
    coal-fired
    E0Us by
    any
    of
    the
    deadlines
    established
    by
    the
    MPS.
    -16-
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    DM0
    also
    does
    not
    seek
    relief
    from
    the
    rate
    at
    which
    sorbent
    is
    required
    to
    be
    injected
    at
    any
    other
    of
    its
    plants
    affected
    by
    the
    MPS
    rule,
    including
    the
    requirement
    that
    it
    inject
    sorbent
    at
    a
    rate
    of
    5
    lbs/macf
    at
    Havana
    Unit
    6
    and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2
    beginning
    December
    31,
    2009,
    even
    though
    DMG
    believes
    the
    mercuiy
    removal
    efficiency
    at
    those
    two
    units
    will
    achieve
    the
    mercury
    removal
    efficiency
    anticipated
    by
    the
    MPS.
    The
    only
    relief
    that
    DMG
    seeks
    is
    from
    the
    requirement
    that
    it
    inject
    sorbent
    at
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    beginning
    July
    1,
    2009.
    27.
    During
    the
    next
    several
    months,
    DM0
    will
    continue
    to
    evaluate
    the
    best
    combination
    of
    capital
    equipment
    and
    operating
    costs
    to
    comply
    with
    applicable
    MPS
    requirements.
    It
    will
    proceed
    with
    the
    appropriate
    procurement
    process
    to
    construct
    and
    install
    the
    equipment
    and
    secure
    appropriate
    quantities
    of
    sorbent
    necessary
    for
    it
    to
    meet
    the
    remainder
    of
    the
    MPS
    requirements.
    28.
    DMG
    has
    met
    with
    the
    Agency
    to
    discuss
    its
    requested
    variance.
    As
    a
    result
    of
    these
    discussions,
    DMG
    understands
    that
    the
    Agency
    agrees
    that
    there
    is
    potentially
    a
    net
    environmental
    benefit
    that
    would
    result
    from
    the
    Board
    granting
    this
    variance
    and,
    at
    the
    worst,
    no
    environmental
    harm.
    DMG
    further
    understands
    that
    the
    Agency
    does
    not
    oppose
    this
    variance
    as
    proposed,
    though
    it
    may
    not
    actively
    support
    it.
    D.
    THE
    VARIANCE
    WILL
    RESULT
    IN
    A
    NET
    ENVIRONMENTAL
    BENEFIT
    BECAUSE
    MERCURY
    EMISSION
    REDUCTIONS
    AT
    HAVANA
    UNIT
    6
    AND
    HENNEPIN
    UNIT
    2
    WILL
    BE
    GREATER
    THAN
    WOULD
    HAVE
    BEEN
    ACHIEVED
    BY
    BALDWIN
    UNIT
    3.
    29.
    A
    net
    environmental
    benefit
    will
    result
    from
    the
    requested
    relief.
    During
    the
    requested
    variance
    period,
    DM0
    will
    have
    fabric
    filter
    controls
    systems
    online
    at
    Havana
    Unit
    6
    and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2
    that
    will
    reduce
    mercury
    emissions
    in
    an
    amount
    that
    is
    more
    than
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    would
    reduce
    with
    its
    ESP
    and
    SO
    3
    injection.
    17-
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    30.
    While
    DM0
    does
    not
    have
    data
    that
    addresses
    the
    qualitative
    and
    quantitative
    impact
    of
    its
    mercury
    emissions
    on
    human
    health
    and
    the
    environment,
    USEPA
    has
    found
    that
    emissions
    from
    the
    coal-fired
    electric
    power
    generation
    sector
    as
    a
    whole
    tend
    to
    affect
    a
    large
    region
    of
    the
    country
    with
    relatively
    minimal
    impacts
    in
    the
    immediate
    vicinity
    of
    an
    individual
    plant.
    70
    Fed.Reg.
    25162,
    25245-49
    (May
    12,
    2005).
    Consistent
    with
    that
    finding,
    mercury
    emissions
    from
    the
    affected
    DM0
    power
    plants
    contribute
    to
    themix
    of
    regional
    pollutants
    that
    are
    transported
    on
    weather
    patterns
    and
    impact
    areas
    hundreds
    of
    miles
    downwind.
    In
    fact,
    the
    purpose
    of
    the
    vacated
    CAMR
    was
    to
    address
    this
    regional
    impact
    by
    capping
    regional
    mercury
    emissions.
    In
    other
    words,
    the
    reductions
    in
    mercury
    from
    a
    single
    EGU
    generally
    have
    little
    measurable
    effect
    in
    local
    downwind
    areas.
    Moreover,
    because
    DM0
    will
    contemporaneously
    offset
    the
    effect
    of
    this
    variance
    with
    mercury
    reductions
    from
    Havana
    Unit
    6
    and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2,
    the
    difference
    in
    the
    downwind
    impact
    may
    not
    even
    be
    measurable,
    though
    any
    downwind
    impact
    should
    be
    lessened
    because
    of
    the
    greater
    aggregate
    mercury
    removal
    that
    will
    occur
    from
    Havana
    Unit
    6
    and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2.
    31.
    Adverse
    cross-media
    impacts
    are
    not
    an
    issue
    in
    this
    matter.
    The
    variance
    that
    DM0
    seeks
    does
    not
    impact
    its
    SO
    2
    or
    NOx
    reduction
    obligations
    under
    the
    MPS
    or
    otherwise
    affect
    its
    SO
    2
    or
    NOx
    emissions.
    Since
    overall
    mercury
    emissions
    will
    decrease
    or
    remain
    the
    same
    during
    the
    pendency
    of
    the
    variance,
    there
    will
    be
    no
    significant
    impact
    on
    water
    quality.
    32.
    In
    addition
    to
    an
    overall
    reduction
    in
    mercury
    emissions,
    there
    are
    other
    environmental
    benefits
    associated
    with
    granting
    the
    requested
    variance.
    Specifically,
    the
    requested
    variance
    would
    avoid
    wasting
    the
    fly
    ash
    from
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3,
    which
    is
    likely
    -18-
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    to
    occur
    when
    contaminated
    with
    halogenated
    activated
    carbon
    residue.
    The
    majority
    of
    fly
    ash
    from
    Baldwin
    Unit 3
    is
    currently
    re-used
    as
    an
    additive
    in
    the
    production
    of
    concrete.
    Injection
    of
    sorbent
    upstream
    of
    the
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    ESP, as
    would
    be
    required
    by
    the
    MPS
    before
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3’s
    spring
    2010
    outage,
    will
    likely
    force
    all
    of
    this
    coal
    combustion
    by-product
    to
    be
    disposed
    rather
    than beneficially
    reused.
    Without
    the
    relief
    requested
    by
    this
    variance,
    the
    fly
    ash
    contamination
    would
    occur
    from
    July
    1,
    2009,
    until
    the
    start
    of
    the
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    planned
    outage
    when
    it
    will be
    retrofitted
    with
    a dry
    scrubber
    and
    fabric
    filter
    system.
    The
    quantity
    of
    fly
    ash
    at
    risk
    from
    July
    1,
    2009
    through
    the
    scheduled
    start
    of
    the
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    outage
    in
    March
    2010
    is
    over
    55,000
    tons.
    When
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    resumes
    operation
    in
    2010,
    it
    will
    be
    configured
    with
    sorbent
    injection
    downstream
    of
    the
    ESP
    and
    upstream
    of
    the
    fabric
    filter
    system.
    This
    configuration
    will
    allow
    DM0
    to
    collect
    fly
    ash
    in
    the
    ESP
    prior to
    the
    injection
    of
    sorbent
    into
    the
    flue
    gas
    stream,
    with
    the
    halogenated
    activated
    carbon
    residue
    removed
    in
    the
    fabric
    filter
    system
    and
    disposed.
    33.
    Another
    potential
    benefit
    of
    DM0’
    s
    variance
    will
    be
    a
    reduction
    in
    the
    production
    of
    CO
    2
    emissions.
    By
    injecting
    sorbent
    into
    fabric
    filter
    systems
    at
    Havana
    Unit 6
    and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2,
    DM0
    expects
    to
    remove
    as
    much
    or
    even
    more
    mercury
    (than
    injection
    at
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3)
    while
    using
    substantially
    less
    sorbent.
    According
    to
    Praxair,
    it
    typically
    takes
    the
    combustion
    of
    five
    pounds
    of
    coal
    to
    produce
    one
    pound
    of
    activated
    carbon
    (i.e.,
    20%
    yield).
    Therefore,
    a
    reduction
    in
    sorbent
    demand
    will produce
    a
    corresponding
    reduction
    in
    indirect
    CO
    2
    emissions.
    For
    example,
    avoiding
    the
    production
    of
    2
    million
    pounds
    of
    sorbent
    avoids
    the
    release
    of
    over
    17
    million
    pounds
    of
    Co
    2
    .
    -19-
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    E.
    DMG’S
    SUGGESTED
    CONDITIONS
    FOR
    THE
    VARIANCE
    AND
    COMPLIANCE
    PLAN.
    34.
    Dynegy
    requests
    that
    the
    term
    of
    the
    variance
    for
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    begin
    on
    July
    1,
    2009,
    and
    terminate
    March
    31,
    2010.
    35.
    DMG
    proposes
    that
    the
    following
    conditions
    apply
    to
    this
    variance:
    A.
    Prior
    to
    and
    during
    the
    term
    of
    the
    variance,
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    shall
    be
    not
    subject
    to
    the
    requirements
    of
    Section
    225.233(c)(1
    )(A),
    Section
    225.233(c)(2),
    Sections
    225.210(b)
    and (d),
    and
    Section
    225.23
    3(c)(5).
    B.
    Beginning
    December
    31,
    2009,
    Havana
    Unit
    6
    and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2
    shall
    comply
    with
    all
    applicable
    MPS
    requirements,
    as
    otherwise
    required.
    C.
    Likewise,
    upon
    restarting
    operations
    following
    its
    spring
    2010
    outage,
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    shall
    comply
    with
    all
    applicable
    MPS
    requirements.
    36.
    The
    compliance
    plan
    shall
    include
    the
    following
    provisions:
    A.
    From
    July
    1,
    2009,
    through
    December
    30,
    2009,
    Havana
    Unit
    6
    and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2
    shall
    inject
    sorbent
    at
    a
    minimum
    rate
    of
    5
    lbs/macf
    at
    each
    of
    those
    units
    until
    or
    unless
    DMG
    informs
    the
    Agency
    that
    these
    two
    units,
    either
    individually
    or
    averaged
    together,
    will
    achieve
    mercury
    reductions
    of
    90%
    or
    will
    meet
    the
    emission
    rate
    of
    0.0080
    lb/GWhr.
    Unless
    expressly
    stated,
    such
    notification
    shall
    not
    commit
    the
    units
    to
    achieve
    a
    90%
    reduction
    or
    achieve
    a
    rate
    of
    0.0080
    lb/GWhr
    after
    December
    30,
    2009.
    If
    DMG
    chooses
    to
    comply
    with
    this
    variance
    by
    achieving
    a
    90%
    reduction
    in
    mercury
    emissions
    at
    Havana
    Unit
    6
    or
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2,
    the
    mercury
    removal
    rate
    shall
    be
    determined
    by
    performing
    a
    single
    stack
    test
    on
    the
    applicable
    unit
    or
    units
    in
    accordance
    with
    proposed
    Section
    225.239(d)(4)
    and
    (5),
    (e),
    and
    (f)(1),
    assuming
    those
    sections
    as
    adopted
    in
    the
    Board’s
    Docket
    R09-
    10
    are
    substantively
    the
    same
    as
    proposed.
    B.
    Only
    sorbents
    listed
    in
    or
    manufactured
    by
    the
    companies
    listed
    in
    Section
    225.233(c)(2)(B)
    or
    demonstrated
    as
    effective
    as
    the
    listed
    sorbents
    as
    allowed
    by
    Section
    225.233(c)(4)
    may
    be
    injected
    unless
    or
    until
    DM0
    informs
    the
    Agency
    that
    these
    two
    units,
    either
    individually
    or
    averaged
    together,
    will
    achieve
    mercury
    reductions
    of
    90%
    or
    will
    meet
    the
    emission
    rate
    of
    0.0080
    lb/GWhr.
    C.
    If
    DMG
    elects
    to
    comply
    withthis
    variance
    pursuant
    to
    the
    90%
    removal
    or
    0.0080
    lb/GWhr
    option
    under
    Paragraph
    36(A),
    above,
    -20-
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    through
    December
    30,
    2009,
    Havana
    Unit
    6
    and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2
    shall
    inject
    sorbent
    at
    a
    rate
    no
    less
    than
    the
    rate
    injected
    during
    mercury
    removal
    performance
    tests
    to
    achieve
    an
    emission
    rate
    of
    0.0080
    lb/GWhr
    or
    90%
    removal.
    For
    example,
    if
    during
    stack
    testing,
    DMG
    demonstrated
    a
    90%
    removal
    injecting
    sorbent
    at
    a
    rate
    of
    2
    lb/macf,
    then
    DM0
    would
    continue,
    throughout
    the
    rest
    of
    the
    variance
    period,
    to
    inject
    at
    the
    minimum
    two-pound
    rate
    rather
    than
    at
    a
    five-pound
    rate.
    D.
    For
    Havana
    Unit
    6
    and
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2,
    DM0
    shall
    maintain
    records
    of
    the
    sorbent
    injection
    rate
    and
    flue
    gas
    flow
    rate
    from
    July
    1,
    2009,
    through
    December
    30,
    2009.
    39.
    DM0
    does
    not,
    through
    this
    Petition,
    seek
    for
    Havana
    Unit
    6
    or
    Hennepin
    Unit
    2
    to
    be
    subject
    to
    the
    MPS
    at
    any
    date
    earlier
    than
    December
    31,
    2009.
    In
    addition,
    at
    this
    time,
    DM0
    does
    not,
    through
    this
    Petition,
    seek
    to
    make
    any
    of
    its
    units
    subject
    to
    the
    90%
    mercury
    removal
    requirement
    of
    the
    Illinois
    mercury
    rule.
    40.
    This
    request
    for
    variance
    would
    alter
    the
    effective
    dates
    of
    the
    Section
    225
    requirements
    identified
    in
    the
    construction
    permit
    (Application
    Number
    07110065;
    I.D.
    Number
    125804AAB)
    issued
    for
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    on
    March
    3,
    2008,
    to
    authorize
    the
    construction
    and
    operation
    of
    a
    fabric
    filter,
    dry
    scrubber,
    and
    sorbent
    injection
    system
    for
    this
    unit.
    See
    Ex.
    7.
    F.
    DMG’S
    REQUESTED
    VARIANCE
    IS
    NOT
    CONTRARY
    TO
    ANY
    FEDERAL
    LAW.
    41.
    The
    Board
    may
    grant
    the
    requested
    variance
    consistent
    with
    federal
    law
    and,
    specifically,
    with
    the
    Clean
    Air
    Act,
    42
    U.S.C.
    §
    7401
    et
    seq.
    There
    is
    no
    federal
    law
    that
    requires
    these
    DM0
    units
    to
    comply
    with
    any
    mercury
    emission
    rate
    limit.
    The
    MPS
    was
    submitted
    to
    USEPA
    for
    approval
    as
    part
    of
    Illinois’
    mercury
    rule,
    but
    with
    vacatur
    of
    the
    CAMR
    there
    is
    no
    longer
    any
    authority
    for
    USEPA
    to
    approve
    or
    disapprove
    Illinois’
    mercury
    rule.
    DM0
    is
    not
    aware
    of
    any
    other
    submittal
    to
    USEPA
    -21-
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    that
    would
    raise
    the
    MPS
    to
    a
    federally
    enforceable
    regulation.
    Consequently,
    the
    Board’s
    grant
    of
    this
    variance
    request
    would
    not
    be
    inconsistent
    with
    federal
    law.
    42.
    Additionally,
    the
    relief
    sought
    here
    will
    neither
    impact
    nor
    be
    impacted
    by
    any
    future
    state
    implementation
    plans
    that
    the
    Agency
    may
    submit
    to
    USEPA
    regarding
    compliance
    with
    ozone
    or
    PM2.5
    national
    ambient
    air
    quality
    standards.
    G.
    DMG
    DOES
    NOT
    REQUEST
    A
    HEARING.
    43.
    DM0
    does
    not
    request
    that
    the
    Board
    hold
    a
    hearing
    in
    this
    matter.
    DM0
    believes
    that
    this
    Petition,
    including
    its
    exhibits,
    sufficiently
    informs
    the
    Board
    of
    the
    issues
    involved
    without
    the
    need
    for
    a
    hearing.
    Further,
    because
    the
    variance
    is
    not
    subject
    to
    any
    federal
    Clean
    Air
    Act
    requirements,
    a
    hearing
    is
    not
    necessary
    to
    satisfy
    any
    federal
    requirements.
    WHEREFORE,
    for
    the
    reasons
    set
    forth
    above,
    Petitioner
    DYNEGY
    MIDWEST
    GENERATION,
    iNC.
    respectfully
    requests
    that
    the
    Board
    grant
    DMG
    a
    variance
    from
    the
    MPS
    requirement
    that
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    inject
    halogenated
    activated
    carbon
    during
    the
    period
    from
    July
    1,
    2009,
    through
    March
    31,
    2010.
    Respectfully
    submitted,
    DYNEGY
    MIDWEST
    GENERATION,
    INC.,
    by:
    Dated:
    January
    9,
    2009
    -22-
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Kathleen C.
    Bassi
    Stephen J.
    Bonebrake
    SCI-IIFF
    HARDIN,
    LLP
    6600
    Sears
    Tower
    233
    South
    Wacker
    Drive
    Chicago,
    Illinois
    60606
    312-258-5500
    Fax:
    312-258-2600
    kbassi@schiffhardin.com
    -23-
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    STATE
    OF
    ILLINOIS
    )
    )
    SS
    MADISON
    COUNTY
    )
    A1?FIDAVIT
    OF
    ARIC
    D.
    DIERICX
    1,
    ARIC
    D.
    DIERICX,
    having
    first
    been
    duly
    sworn,
    state
    as
    follows:
    1.
    I
    am
    an
    employee
    of
    DYNEGY
    MIDWEST
    GENERATION,
    iNC.
    I
    am
    the
    Senior
    Director-Operations
    Environmental
    Compliance.
    I
    have
    been
    employed
    in
    this
    and
    similar
    positions
    at
    Dynegy
    for
    the
    past
    eight
    years.
    Previously,
    I
    was
    employed
    by
    illinois
    Power
    Company
    since
    1979
    in
    its
    environmental
    department.
    Illinois
    Power
    and
    Dynegy
    merged
    in
    1999/2000.
    As
    part
    of
    my
    duties,
    1
    oversee
    permitting
    and
    regulatory
    development
    and
    compliance
    for
    Air,
    Water,
    and
    Waste
    issues,
    2.
    1
    have
    read
    the
    preceding
    Petition
    for
    Variance.
    3.
    The
    statements
    of
    facts
    contained
    therein
    are
    true
    and
    correct
    to
    the
    best
    of
    my
    knowledge
    and
    belief.
    FURTHER,
    AFFIANT
    SAYETH
    NOT.
    Aric
    D.
    Diencx
    Subscribed
    and
    sworn
    to
    before
    me
    this
    Q
    day
    of
    January,
    2008.
    (
    5
    1O
    Q.
    NOTARY
    P
    LIC
    LISA
    A
    ENGELMPIN
    +
    NOTARY
    PUBLIC
    1
    STATE
    OF
    ILUNO1S
    4
    +
    MY
    COMMISSION
    EXPIRES
    OB.29.2D12
    4
    44+4+4+444.44-64444.6
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Exhibit
    List
    Exhibit
    No.
    1
    Map
    of
    the
    air
    quality
    monitoring
    network
    and
    the
    locations
    of
    Dynegy’s
    five
    power
    stations.
    2
    Table
    of
    information
    about
    DMG’s
    five
    power
    stations.
    3
    DMG’s
    letter
    notifying
    the
    Agency
    that
    DMG
    was
    opting
    in
    to
    the
    MPS
    (November
    26,
    2007).
    4
    Chang,
    Ramsay,
    et
    al.,
    Near
    and
    Long
    Term
    Options
    for
    Controlling
    Mercury
    Emissions
    from
    Power
    Plants,
    Paper
    #
    25
    MEGA
    Symposium
    (2008).
    5
    Feeley,
    Thomas
    J.
    III,
    et
    al.,
    DOE/NETL
    ‘s
    Mercury
    Control
    Technology
    R&D
    Program
    Taking
    Technology
    from
    Concept
    to
    Commercial
    Reality,
    Paper
    #42
    MEGA
    Symposium
    (2008).
    6
    Sargent
    &
    Lundy,
    “Mercury
    Off-set
    for
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3,”
    Proj.No.
    12111-003
    Dynegy
    (November
    26,
    2008).
    7
    Construction
    permit
    issued
    for
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3,
    as
    stayed
    by
    the
    Board
    on
    May
    15,
    2008,
    in
    Docket
    08-66.
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Exhibit
    1
    Map
    of
    the
    air
    quality
    monitoring
    network
    and
    the
    locations
    of
    Dynegy’s
    five
    power
    stations
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    1
    — Hennepin
    2—
    Havana
    3 — Vermilion
    Statewide
    Map
    of Air
    Monitoring
    Locations
    4—
    Wood
    River
    5—
    Baldwin
    Lend
    Ar
    Ucr*Drm
    Se
    CouryBomdñt
    :
    —1.4
    1
    .1
    ..
    I.
    -r
    I
    L
    I:
    5•
    0
    10
    20
    30
    40
    50
    U
    34
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Exhibit
    2
    Table
    of
    information
    about
    DMG’s
    five
    power
    stations
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Exhibit
    2
    Power
    Stations
    and
    Units
    Comprising
    the
    MPS
    Group
    (
    104.204(b))
    Address
    Boilers
    and
    Sizes
    Pollution
    Mercury
    (Hg)
    Permits
    Control
    Emissions
    in
    Number
    of
    Equipment’
    Rate
    and
    Employees
    TPY
    2
    Baldwin
    Energy
    Complex
    (Site
    I.D.
    No.
    15785
    IAAA)
    10901
    Baldwin
    Road
    Unit
    I
    Unit
    2
    Unit
    3
    Units
    1
    and
    2
    Unit
    I
    State
    Operating
    Permits:
    Baldwin,
    IL
    62217
    OFA,
    SCR,
    ESP
    wI
    Hg
    emission
    rate
    Net
    Load
    Net
    Load
    Net
    Load
    FGC
    (as
    needed),
    0.98
    lb/tBtu
    Unit
    1
    Baldwin
    Township
    600
    MW
    600
    MW
    600
    MW
    SDA,
    Baghouse,
    and
    Issued
    August
    17,
    2000
    Randolph
    County
    AC1.
    Hg
    emissions
    Application
    No.
    73010750
    Cyclone
    Cyclone
    Tangentially
    0.023
    tons/yr
    Fired
    Boiler
    Fired
    Boiler
    Fired
    Boiler
    Unit
    3
    Unit
    2
    175
    employees
    w/
    Wet
    w/
    Wet
    w/
    Dry
    Low-NOr
    Burners,
    Unit
    2
    Issued
    August
    1
    1,
    2000
    Bottom
    Ash
    Bottom
    Ash
    Bottom
    Ash
    OFA,
    ESP
    w/FGC,
    Hg
    emission
    rate
    Application
    No.
    73010751
    SDA
    (scrubber),
    0.98
    lb/tBtu
    (7/13/1970)
    (5/21/1973)
    (6/20/1975)
    Baghouse,
    and
    Ad.
    Unit
    3
    Hg
    emissions
    Issued
    June
    26,
    1997
    0.023
    tons/yr
    Application
    No.
    75040091
    Note:
    SDA
    and
    Baghouse
    for
    Units
    Unit
    3
    1,
    2,
    and
    3
    are
    to
    be
    Hg
    emission
    rate
    operational
    in
    201
    1,
    =
    5.85
    lb/tBtu
    2012,
    and
    2010,
    respectively.
    ACI
    Hg
    emissions
    systems
    are
    to
    be
    0.140
    tons/yr
    operational
    in
    2009
    except
    for
    Unit
    3
    if
    ‘OFA
    Over
    Fired
    Air,
    SCR
    Selective
    Catalytic
    Reduction,
    ESP
    Electrostatic
    Precipitator.
    FGC
    Flue
    Gas
    Conditioning,
    SDA
    Spray
    Dryer
    Absorber
    (scrubber),
    AC!
    Activated
    Carbon
    Injection
    2
    Mercury
    emissions
    are
    based
    on
    a
    coal
    Hg
    content
    of
    6.5
    lb/trillion-btu
    (Ib/tbtu)
    with
    the
    estimated
    inherent
    Hg
    reduction
    associated
    with
    the
    boiler
    type
    and
    particulate
    matter
    controls
    taken
    into
    account.
    The
    Hg
    values
    presented
    are
    estimates
    and
    are
    considered
    baseline
    values
    prior
    to
    the
    addition
    of
    any
    activated
    carbon
    injection
    systems.
    Annual
    heat
    input
    (HI)
    values
    utilized
    in
    the
    calculations
    are
    the
    maximum
    annual
    1-11
    from
    the
    last
    three
    years
    of
    operation
    (2005,
    2006,
    or
    2007).
    Ex.2-i
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Exhibit
    2
    Power
    Stations
    and
    Units
    Comprising
    the
    MPS
    Group
    (
    104.204(b))
    Address
    Boilers
    and
    Sizes
    Pollution
    Mercury
    (Hg)
    Permits
    Control
    Emissions
    in
    Number
    of
    Equipment’
    Rate
    and
    Employees
    TPY
    2
    Baldwin
    Energy
    Complex
    (Site
    I.D.
    No.
    15785
    1AAA)
    requested
    variance
    is
    Construction
    Permits:
    granted.
    Issued
    March
    3,
    2008
    Application
    No.
    07110065
    Baghouse,
    Scrubber,
    and
    Sorbent
    Injection
    Systems
    for
    Unit
    3
    Appealed
    April
    9,
    2008
    (PCB
    08-66)
    Partial
    Stay
    Granted
    May
    15,
    2008
    Issued
    June
    19,
    2008
    Application
    No.
    08020075
    Baghouse,
    Scrubber,
    and
    Sorbent
    Injection
    Systems
    for
    Units
    I
    and
    2
    Appealed
    July
    29,
    2008
    (PCB
    09-9)
    Partial
    Stay
    Granted
    August21,
    2008
    CAAPP
    Permit:
    Submitted
    September
    6,
    2005
    Application
    No.
    95090026
    Issued
    September
    29,
    2005
    Expires
    September
    29,
    2010
    Appealed
    November
    3,
    2005
    (PCB
    06-063)
    Stayed
    February
    16,
    2006
    Ex.2-ii
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Exhibit
    2
    Power
    Stations
    and
    Units
    Comprising
    the
    MPS
    Group
    (
    104.204(b))
    Address
    Boilers
    and
    Sizes
    Pollution
    Mercury
    (Hg)
    Permits
    Control
    Emissions
    in
    Number
    of
    Equipment’
    Rate
    and
    Employees
    TPY
    2
    Havana
    Power
    Station
    (Site
    ID.
    No.
    125
    8O4AAB)
    15260
    North
    State
    Unit
    6
    (Boiler
    9)
    Unit
    6
    Unit
    6
    State
    Operating
    Permit:
    Route
    78
    Low-NO
    Burners,
    Hg
    emission
    rate
    Havana,
    IL
    62644
    Net
    Load
    OFA,
    SCR,
    6.18
    lb/tBtu
    Unit
    6
    (Boiler
    9)
    424
    MW
    Hot-side
    ESP
    w/
    Issued
    March
    22,
    2000
    Havana
    Township
    FGC,
    Hg
    emissions
    =
    Application
    No.
    781
    10004
    Mason
    County
    Opposed
    Horizontally
    Fired
    Boiler
    SDA
    (scrubber),
    0.110
    tons/yr
    w/
    Dry
    Bottom
    Ash
    Baghouse,
    and
    Construction
    Permits:
    ACt.
    81
    employees
    (6/22/1978)
    Issued
    April
    16,
    2007
    Note:
    SDA
    and
    Application
    No.
    07010031
    Baghouse
    for
    Unit
    Baghouse,
    Scrubber,
    and
    Sorbent
    Injection
    6
    are to
    be
    Systems
    for
    Unit
    6
    operational
    in
    Appealed
    August
    22,
    2007
    2012,
    and
    2009,
    (PCB
    07-1
    15)
    respectively.
    The
    Partial
    Stay
    Granted
    October
    4,
    2007
    AC!
    system
    is
    to
    be
    operational
    in
    2009.
    ‘OFA
    Over
    Fired
    Air,
    SCR
    Selective
    Catalytic
    Reduction,
    ESP
    Electrostatic
    Precipitator,
    FGC
    Flue
    Gas
    Conditioning,
    SDA
    Spray
    Dryer
    Absorber
    (scrubber),
    ACI
    -
    Activated
    Carbon
    Injection
    2
    Mercury
    emissions
    are
    based
    on
    a
    coal
    Hg
    content
    of
    6.5
    lb/trillion-btu
    (lb/tbtu)
    with
    the
    estimated
    inherent
    Hg
    reduction
    associated
    with
    the
    boiler
    type
    and
    particulate
    matter
    controls
    taken
    into
    account.
    The
    Hg
    values
    presented
    are
    estimates
    and
    are
    considered
    baseline
    values
    prior
    to
    the
    addition
    of
    any
    activated
    carbon
    injection
    systems.
    Annual
    heat
    input
    (HI)
    values
    utilized
    in
    the
    calculations
    are
    the
    maximum
    annual
    1-11
    from
    the
    last
    three
    years
    of
    operation
    (2005,
    2006,
    or
    2007).
    Ex.
    2
    -
    iii
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Exhibit
    2
    Power
    Stations
    and
    Units
    Comprising
    the
    MPS
    Group
    (
    104.204(b))
    Address
    Boilers
    and
    Sizes
    Pollution
    Mercury
    (Hg)
    Permits
    Control
    Emissions
    in
    Number
    of
    Equipment1
    Rate
    and
    Employees
    TPY2
    Havana
    Power
    Station
    (Site
    1.D.
    No.
    125804AAB)
    CAAPP
    Permit:
    Submitted
    September
    7,
    2005
    Application
    No.
    95090053
    Issued
    September
    29,
    2005
    Expires
    September
    29,
    2010
    Appealed
    November
    3,
    2005
    (PCB
    06-071)
    Stayed
    Februaiy
    16,
    2006
    Ex.
    2
    -
    iv
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Exhibit
    2
    Power
    Stations
    and
    Units
    Comprising
    the
    MPS
    Group
    (
    104.204(b))
    Address
    Boilers
    and
    Sizes
    Pollution
    Mercury
    (Hg)
    Permits
    Control
    Emissions
    in
    Number
    of
    Equipment’
    Rate
    and
    TPY
    2
    Employees
    Hennepin
    Power
    Station
    (Site
    ID.
    No.
    1550
    IOAAA)
    13498
    E.
    800
    St.
    Unit
    I
    Unit
    2
    Unit
    1
    Unit
    I
    State
    Operating
    Permit:
    Hennepin,
    IL
    61327
    OFA,
    ESP
    w/
    FGC
    Hg
    emission
    rate
    Net
    Load
    Net
    Load
    (as
    needed),
    5.85
    lb/tBtu
    Unit
    I
    Hennepin
    Township
    70
    MW
    221
    MW
    Baghouse,
    and
    Issued
    September
    30,
    2002
    Putnam
    County
    Ad.
    Hg
    emissions
    =
    Application
    No.
    73010752
    Tangentially
    Fired
    0.0
    16
    tons/yr
    Tangentially
    Fired
    Boiler
    w/
    Dry
    Unit
    2
    Unit
    2
    57
    employees
    Boiler
    w/
    Dry
    Bottom
    Ash
    Low-NOr
    Burners,
    Unit
    2
    Issued
    September
    30,
    2002
    Bottom
    Ash
    OFA,
    ESP
    wI
    FGC
    Hg
    emission
    rate
    Application
    No.
    73010721
    (5/14/1959)
    (as
    needed),
    5.85
    lb/tBtu
    (6/1/1953)
    Baghouse,
    and
    Construction/Joint
    Operating
    Permits:
    Ad.
    Hg
    emissions
    =
    0.050
    tons/yr
    Issued
    May
    29,
    2007
    Note:
    The
    ACI
    Application
    No.
    07020036
    system
    is
    to
    be
    Baghouse
    and
    Sorbent
    Injection
    Systems
    for
    operational
    in
    Units
    I
    and
    2
    2009.
    Appealed
    October
    4,
    2008
    (PCB
    07-123)
    Partial
    Stay
    Granted
    November
    1,
    2007
    ‘OFA
    Over
    Fired
    Air,
    SCR
    Selective
    Catalytic
    Reduction,
    ESP
    Electrostatic
    Precipitator,
    FGC
    Flue
    Gas
    Conditioning,
    SDA
    Spray
    Dryer
    Absorber
    (scrubber),
    ACI
    Activated
    Carbon
    Injection
    2
    Mercury
    emissions
    are
    based
    on
    a
    coal
    Hg
    content
    of
    6.5
    lb/trillion-btu
    (lb/tbtu)
    with
    the
    estimated
    inherent
    Hg
    reduction
    associated
    with
    the
    boiler
    type
    and
    particulate
    matter
    controls
    taken
    into
    account.
    The
    Hg
    values
    presented
    are
    estimates
    and
    are
    considered
    baseline
    values
    prior
    to
    the
    addition
    of
    any
    activated
    carbon
    injection
    systems.
    Annual
    heat
    input
    (Hi)
    values
    utilized
    in
    the
    calculations
    are
    the
    maximum
    annual
    HI
    from
    the
    last
    three
    years
    of
    operation
    (2005,
    2006,
    or
    2007).
    Ex.
    2
    -
    v
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Exhibit
    2
    Power
    Stations
    and
    Units
    Comprising
    the
    MPS
    Group
    (
    104.204(b))
    Address
    Boilers
    and
    Sizes
    Pollution
    Mercury
    (Hg)
    Permits
    Control
    Emissions
    in
    Number
    of
    Equipment’
    Rate
    and
    TPY2
    Employees
    Hennepin
    Power
    Station
    (Site
    ED.
    No. I55OIOAAA)
    CAAPP
    Permit:
    Submitted
    September
    7,
    2005
    Application
    No.
    95090052
    Issued
    September
    29,
    2005
    Expires
    September
    29,
    2010
    Appealed
    November
    3,
    2005
    (PCB
    06-072)
    Stayed
    February
    16,
    2006
    Ex.2-vi
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Exhibit
    2
    Power
    Stations
    and
    Units
    Comprising
    the
    MPS
    Group
    (
    104.204(b))
    Address
    Boilers
    and
    Sizes
    Pollution
    l
    Mercury
    (Hg)
    Permits
    Control
    Emissions
    in
    Number
    of
    Equipment’
    Rate
    and
    TPY
    2
    Employees
    Vermilion
    Power
    Station
    (Site
    I.D.
    No.
    1838
    I4AAA)
    10188
    East
    2150
    Unit
    I
    Unit
    2
    Unit
    1
    Unit
    1
    State
    Operating
    Permit:
    North
    Road
    Rotating
    OFA,
    Hg
    emission
    rate
    Oakwood,
    IL
    61858
    Net
    Load
    Net
    Load
    ESP
    w/
    FGC
    (as
    0.65
    to
    0.78
    lb/tBtu
    Unit
    I
    65
    MW
    99
    MW
    needed),
    Issued
    November
    25,
    1997
    Pilot
    Township
    Baghouse,
    and
    Hg
    emissions
    Application
    No.
    73020064
    County
    Tangentially
    Fired
    Tangentially
    Fired
    Ad.
    0.0012
    to
    0.0014
    Boiler
    w/
    Dry
    Boiler
    w/
    Dry
    tons/yr
    Unit
    2
    63
    employees
    Bottom
    Ash
    Bottom
    Ash
    Unit
    2
    Issued
    November
    25,
    1997
    Low-NOr
    Unit
    2
    Application
    No.
    73020063
    (5/19/1955)
    (1
    1/25/1
    956)
    Burners,
    OFA,
    Hg
    emission
    rate
    ESP
    w/
    FGC
    (as
    0.65
    to
    0.78
    lb/tBtu
    Construction/Joint
    Operating
    Permits:
    needed),
    Baghouse,
    and
    Hg
    emissions
    =
    Issued
    May
    30,
    2006
    Ad.
    0.0020
    to
    0.0024
    Application
    No.
    06030002
    tons/yr
    Baghouse
    and
    Sorbent
    Injection
    Systems
    for
    Units
    land
    2
    Appealed
    October
    3,
    2006
    (PCB
    06-194)
    Partial
    Stay
    Granted
    October
    19,
    2006
    OFA
    —Over
    Fired
    Air,
    SCR
    Selective
    Catalytic
    Reduction,
    ESP
    Electrostatic
    Precipitator,
    FGC
    Flue
    Gas
    Conditioning,
    SDA
    Spray
    Diyer
    Absorber
    (scrubber),
    ACI
    Activated
    Carbon
    Injection
    2
    Mercury
    emissions
    are
    based
    on
    a
    coal
    Hg
    content
    of
    6.5
    lb/trillion-btu
    (lb/tbtu)
    with
    the
    estimated
    inherent
    Hg
    reduction
    associated
    with
    the
    boiler
    type
    and
    particulate
    matter
    controls
    taken
    into
    account.
    The
    Hg
    values
    presented
    are
    estimates
    and
    are
    considered
    baseline
    values
    prior
    to
    the
    addition
    of
    any
    activated
    carbon
    injection
    systems.
    Annual
    heat
    input
    (HI)
    values
    utilized
    in
    the
    calculations
    are
    the
    maximum
    annual
    HI
    from
    the
    last
    three
    years
    of
    operation
    (2005,
    2006,
    or
    2007)
    Ex.
    2
    -
    vii
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Exhibit
    2
    Power
    Stations
    and
    Units
    Comprising
    the
    MPS
    Group
    (
    104.204(b))
    Address
    Boilers
    and
    Sizes
    Pollution
    Mercury
    (Hg)
    Permits
    Control
    Emissions
    in
    Number
    of
    Equipment’
    Rate
    and
    TPY
    2
    Employees
    Vermilion
    Power
    Station
    (Site
    ID.
    No.
    183814AAA)
    CAAPP
    Permit:
    Submitted
    September
    7,
    2005
    Application
    No.
    95090050
    Issued
    September
    29,
    2005
    Expires
    September
    29,
    2010
    Appealed
    November
    3,
    2005
    (PCB
    06-073)
    Stayed
    February
    16,
    2006
    Ex.
    2
    -
    viii
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Exhibit
    2
    Power
    Stations
    and
    Units
    Comprising
    the
    MPS
    Group
    (
    104.204(b))
    Address
    Boilers
    and
    Sizes
    Pollution
    Mercury
    (Hg)
    Permits
    .
    Control
    Emissions
    in
    Number
    of
    Equipment’
    Rate
    and
    TPY
    2
    Employees
    Wood
    River
    Power
    Station
    (Site
    1.D.
    No.
    1
    1
    9O2OAAE)
    #1
    Chessen
    Lane
    Unit
    4
    Unit
    5
    Unit
    4
    Unit
    4
    State
    Operating
    Permit:
    Alton,
    IL
    62002
    Low-NOn
    Hg
    emission
    rate
    Net
    Load
    Net
    Load
    Burners,
    OFA,
    5.85
    lb/tBtu
    Unit
    4
    Alton
    Township
    85
    MW
    372
    MW
    and
    ESP
    w/
    Issued
    April
    19,
    2002
    Madison
    County
    FGC
    (as
    Hg
    emissions
    =
    0.022
    Application
    No.
    73020062
    Tangentially
    Fired
    Tangentially
    Fired
    needed).
    tons/yr
    Boiler
    w/
    Dry
    Boiler
    w/
    Dry
    Unit
    5
    98
    employees
    Bottom
    Ash
    Bottom
    Ash
    UnitS
    Unit
    5
    Issued
    March
    10,
    1997
    Low-NOr
    Hg
    emission
    rate
    Application
    No.
    73010719
    (6/1/1954)
    (7/31/1964)
    Burners,
    OFA,
    5.85
    lb/tBtu
    ESP,
    and
    Ad.
    Construction/Joint
    Operating
    Permits:
    Hg
    emissions
    0.075
    Note:
    The
    tons/yr
    Issued
    June
    12,
    2008
    ACI
    system
    is
    Application
    No.
    0802001
    1
    to
    be
    Sorbent
    Injection
    System
    for
    Unit
    5
    operational
    in
    Appealed
    July
    21,
    2008
    2009.
    (PCB
    09-6)
    Partial
    Stay
    Granted
    August21,
    2008
    ‘OFA
    Over
    Fired
    Air,
    SCR
    Selective
    Catalytic
    Reduction,
    ESP
    Electrostatic
    Precipitator,
    FGC
    Flue
    Gas
    Conditioning,
    SDA
    Spray
    Dryer
    Absorber
    (scrubber),
    ACT
    Activated
    Carbon
    Injection
    2
    Mercury
    emissions
    are
    based
    on
    a
    coal
    Hg
    content
    of
    6.5
    lb/trillion-btu
    (lb/tbtu)
    with
    the
    estimated
    inherent
    Hg
    reduction
    associated
    with
    the
    boiler
    type
    and
    particulate
    matter
    controls
    taken
    into
    account. The
    Hg
    values
    presented
    are
    estimates
    and
    are
    considered
    baseline
    values
    prior
    to
    the
    addition
    of
    any
    activated
    carbon
    injection
    systems.
    Annual
    heat
    input
    (HI)
    values
    utilized
    in
    the
    calculations
    are
    the
    maximum
    annual
    HI
    from
    the
    last
    three
    years
    of
    operation
    (2005,
    2006,
    or
    2007).
    Ex.
    2
    -
    ix
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Exhibit
    2
    Power
    Stations
    and
    Units
    Comprising
    the
    MPS
    Group
    (
    104.204(b))
    Address
    Boilers
    and
    Sizes
    Pollution
    Mercury
    (Hg)
    I
    Permits
    Control
    Emissions
    in
    Number
    of
    Equipment’
    Rate
    and
    TPY2
    Employees
    Wood
    River
    Power
    Station
    (Site
    I.D.
    No.
    119O2OAAE)
    CAAPP
    Permit:
    Submitted
    September
    7,
    2005
    Application
    No.
    95090096
    Issued
    September
    29,
    2005
    Expires
    September
    29,
    2010
    Appealed
    November
    3,
    2005
    (PCB
    06-074)
    Stayed
    February
    16,
    2006
    Ex.
    2
    -
    x
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Exhibit
    3
    DMG’s
    letter
    notifying
    the
    Agency
    that
    DMG
    was
    opting
    in
    to
    the
    MPS
    (November
    26,
    2007)
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Keith
    McFarland
    Vice
    President
    Midwest
    Fleet
    Operations
    Dynegy
    Genetatlan
    A
    Division
    of
    Dynegy
    bc
    3890
    North Illinois
    Street
    Swansea.
    libinol,
    6nz6
    AL
    November
    26,
    2007
    1
    DYNEGY
    Mr.
    Raymond
    Pilapil
    Manager
    Compliance
    &
    Enforcement
    Section
    Illinois
    EPA
    Bureau
    of
    Air
    P0
    Box
    19276
    Springfield,
    Illinois
    62794-9276
    Re:
    CAIR
    Rule
    -35
    IAC
    225
    Notice
    of
    Intent
    to Participate
    in
    MPS
    Dear
    Mr.
    Pilapil:
    Dynegy
    Midwest
    Generation,
    Inc.
    (DM0)
    is giving
    notice
    of
    its intent
    to
    elect
    its units
    in
    the
    Multi-Pollutant
    Standards
    group
    as per
    Section
    225.233
    as
    its means
    of
    complying
    with
    Subpart
    B
    of
    Part
    225.
    The
    following
    information accompanies
    this notification:
    1.
    The
    identification
    of
    each
    EGU
    that
    will be
    complying
    with this
    Subpart
    B
    by means
    of
    the
    multi-pollutant
    standards contained
    in
    this Section,
    with
    evidence
    that
    the
    owner
    has
    identified
    all
    EGUs
    that
    it owned
    in
    Illinois
    as of
    July
    1, 2006
    and
    which
    commenced
    commercial
    operation
    on
    or
    before
    December31,
    2004;
    2.
    The Base
    Emission
    Rates
    for
    the
    EGUs,
    with
    copies
    of
    supporting
    data
    and calculations;
    3.
    A summary
    of
    the current
    control
    devices
    installed
    and
    operating
    on
    each
    EGU
    and
    identification
    of
    the
    additional
    control
    devices
    that
    will likely
    be
    needed
    to
    comply
    with
    emission
    control
    requirements of
    this
    Section,
    including
    identification
    of
    each
    EGU
    in the
    MPS
    group
    that
    will
    be addressed
    by subsection (c)(1)(B)
    of
    this
    Section,
    with
    infonuation
    showing
    that
    the
    eligibility
    criteria
    for
    this
    subsection
    (b)
    are
    satisfied.
    This
    information
    is
    in the
    attachments
    to
    this
    letter.
    Attachment
    1
    lists all
    the
    units
    (EGUs)
    owned
    by
    Dynegy
    Midwest
    Generation,
    Inc.
    that
    utilize
    coal in
    Illinois.
    All
    of the
    units
    were
    owned
    before
    July
    1,
    2006
    and
    began
    operation
    before
    December
    31, 2004.
    Attachment 2 lists
    the
    Base
    Emission
    Rate
    for
    the EGUs
    (values
    from
    2003,
    2004
    and
    2005).
    Attachment 3 gives
    a
    table
    of
    the control
    devices
    currently
    installed
    and
    future
    installations.
    Future
    installations
    are
    indicated
    with
    a
    proposed
    date.
    EGUs
    addressed
    by
    subsection
    (c)(1)(B)
    are
    identified
    along
    with
    gross
    generation
    and
    percent
    generation of the
    MPS group.
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    .,L,
    This
    letter
    also
    serves
    as
    notice
    under
    225.270
    and
    4OCFR
    Part
    75.61
    that
    Herinepin
    (ORIS
    892)
    Unit
    1
    and
    Unit
    2
    are
    served
    and
    monitored
    by
    a
    common
    stack,
    Vermilion
    (ORIS
    897)
    Unit
    1
    and
    Unit
    2
    are
    also
    served
    and
    monitored
    by
    a
    common
    stack.
    ‘1am
    authorized
    to
    make
    this
    submission
    on
    behalf
    of
    the
    owners
    and
    operators
    of
    the
    NOX
    Budget
    sources
    or
    NOXBudget
    units
    for
    which
    the
    submission
    is
    made.
    Icertjj5.’
    under
    penalty
    of
    law
    that
    I
    have
    personally
    examined,
    and
    ani
    familiar
    with,
    the
    statements
    and
    information
    submitted
    in
    this
    document
    and
    all
    its
    attachments.
    Based
    on
    my
    inquiry
    of
    those
    individuals
    with
    primary
    responsibility
    for
    obtaining
    the
    information,
    I
    cer4j5.’
    that
    the
    statements
    and
    information
    are
    to
    the
    best
    of
    my
    knowledge
    and
    belief
    true,
    accurate,
    and
    complete.
    lam
    aware
    that
    there
    are
    sign
    fl
    cant
    penaltiesfor
    submitting
    false
    statements
    and
    information
    or
    omitting
    required
    statements
    and
    information,
    including
    the
    possibility
    offine
    or
    imprisonment.
    Sincerely,
    DYNEGY
    MIDWEST
    GENERATrON,
    Vice
    President
    Midwest
    Fleet
    Operations
    Attachments
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Attachment
    1
    EGUs
    owned
    by Dynegy
    Midwest
    Generation,
    Inc.
    and elected
    for MPS
    Station
    Unit ID ORIS
    Date
    of Commercial
    Gross
    Generation’
    Operation
    (GMW)
    Baldwin
    1
    889
    7/13/70
    624
    Baldwin
    2
    889
    5/21fl3
    629
    Baldwin
    3
    889
    6/20/75
    629
    Havana
    9
    891
    6/22/78
    487
    Hennepin
    1
    892
    6/1/53
    81
    Hennepin
    2
    892
    5/14/59
    240
    Vermilion
    1
    897
    5/19/55
    84
    Vermilion
    2
    897
    5/25/56
    113
    Wood
    River
    2
    4
    898
    6/1/54
    105
    Wood
    River
    5
    898
    7/31/64
    383
    Total Generation
    3375
    Gross
    Generation
    as listed
    in the
    Consent Decree.
    2
    The
    Gross
    Generation
    for Wood
    River Unit’is
    less than
    4% of
    the total
    Gross Generation
    for
    the
    MPS
    grrnip
    (225.233
    (cXl)(b))
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Attachment
    2
    Base
    Emission
    Rates
    and
    calculations
    lblmmBtu
    Tons
    mmBtu
    2003
    2004
    2005
    2003
    2004
    2005
    2003
    2004
    2005
    Seasonal
    NOx
    0.209
    0.102
    0.087
    9704
    3824
    4360
    92894369
    74935571
    99783984
    Annual
    NOx
    0.261
    0.215
    0.096
    28455
    23261
    10639
    218427022
    216363263
    221703763
    Annual
    S02
    0,583
    0.562
    0.491
    63622
    60806
    54394
    218427022
    216363263
    221703783
    Values
    taken
    from
    TEPA
    handout
    which
    indicates
    values
    obtained
    from
    USEPA
    Clean
    Air
    Markets
    Division
    Average
    Values
    rprogram
    Average
    Rate
    Reduction
    Limit
    Seasonal
    NOx
    0.133
    20%
    0.106
    Annual
    NOx
    0.191
    48%
    0.099
    Annual
    S02
    P1
    2013-2014
    0.545
    56%
    0.240
    Annual
    S02
    P2
    0.545
    65%
    0.191
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Attachment
    3
    Table
    of
    Control
    Devices
    Station
    Unit
    ID
    ESP
    Fabric
    Filter
    SCR
    Spray
    Dryer
    ACI
    Absorber
    Baldwin
    1
    X
    2011
    X
    2011
    2009
    Baldwin
    2
    X
    2012
    X
    2012
    2009
    Balthvin
    3
    X
    2010
    2010
    2009
    Havana
    9
    X
    2009
    X
    2009-2010
    2009
    Hennepin
    1
    X
    2008
    2009
    Hennepin
    2
    X
    2008
    2009
    Vermilion
    1
    X
    X
    X
    Vermilion
    2
    X
    X
    X
    Wood
    River
    3
    4
    X
    Wood
    River
    S
    X
    2009
    X
    =
    Device
    currently
    installed
    Future
    installation
    indicated
    by
    date
    of
    anticipated
    operation.
    Wood
    River
    Unit
    4
    (ORIS
    898)
    is
    electing
    to
    use
    (c)(1)(b)
    of
    Subpart
    B
    of
    Part
    225.233
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Exhibit
    4
    Chang,
    Ramsay,
    et
    a!.,
    Near
    and
    Long
    Term
    Options
    for
    Controlling
    Mercury
    Emissions
    from
    Power
    Plants,
    Paper
    #25
    MEGA
    Symposium
    (2008)
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Near
    and
    Long
    Term
    Options
    for
    Controlling
    Mercury
    Emissions
    from
    Power
    Plants
    Paper
    #25
    Ramsay
    Chang
    EPRI,
    3412
    Hhllview
    Avenue,
    Palo
    Alto,
    CA
    94304
    Katherine
    Dombrowski
    URS
    Corporation,
    9400
    Amberglen
    Boulevard,
    Austin,
    TX
    78729
    Constance
    Senior
    Reaction
    Engineering
    International,
    77W.
    200
    S.,
    Suite
    210,
    Salt
    Lake
    City,
    UT
    84101
    ABSTRACT
    The
    Electric
    Power
    Research
    Institute
    (EPRI)
    and
    individual
    electric
    power
    generating
    companies
    have
    worked
    closely
    with
    the
    U.S.
    Department
    of
    Energy
    (DOE),
    pollution
    control
    suppliers,
    and
    engineering
    consulting
    firms
    to
    develop
    and
    evaluate
    mercury
    controls
    for
    coal-fired
    power
    plants.
    As
    a
    result
    of
    these
    efforts,
    mercury
    controls
    for
    a
    number
    of
    coals
    and
    basic
    unit
    configurations
    are
    nearing
    commercial
    readiness.
    At
    the
    same
    time,
    novel
    mercury
    control
    approaches
    are
    also
    being
    proposed
    and
    tested.
    Much
    data
    from
    testing
    at
    many
    power
    plant
    sites,
    encompassing
    a
    variety
    of
    configurations,
    operating
    conditions,
    and
    coal
    type
    have
    been
    gathered
    in
    the
    past
    ten
    years
    by
    EPRI
    and
    others.
    This
    paper
    will
    summarize
    field
    data
    obtained
    to
    date
    from
    various
    test
    sites
    documenting
    mercury
    control
    technologies
    and
    their
    effectiveness,
    trends,
    issues
    that
    need
    to
    be
    addressed,
    implications
    on
    current
    cost
    for
    mercury
    control,
    and
    newer
    technologies
    that
    are
    under
    development.
    INTRODUCTION
    A
    recent
    District
    of
    Columbia
    Appeals
    Court
    ruling
    remanded
    the
    Clean
    Air
    Mercury
    Rule
    back
    to
    the
    Environmental
    Protection
    Agency
    for
    reconsideration,
    opening
    the
    possibility
    that
    high
    mercury
    removals
    maybe
    required
    for
    each
    U.S.
    coal-fired
    power
    plant
    unit.
    Power
    producers
    will
    need
    to
    reduce
    mercury
    emissions
    for
    compliance
    with
    both
    federal
    and
    state
    regulations.
    Since
    some
    states
    currently
    mandate
    mercury
    removals
    greater
    than
    90%,
    mercury
    controls
    will
    have
    to
    perform
    above
    that
    standard
    to
    meet
    long-term
    emission
    goals.
    To
    address
    these
    concerns,
    this
    paper
    considers
    the
    performance
    of
    the
    most
    promising
    near-term
    approaches
    for
    controlling
    mercury
    emissions
    from
    coal-fired
    power
    plants:
    activated
    carbon
    injection
    into
    flue
    gas
    and
    bromide
    addition
    into
    the
    boiler.
    It
    also
    responds
    to
    challenges
    that
    must
    be
    met
    for
    cost-effective,
    long-term
    compliance.
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    SUCCESS
    WITH
    SORBENTS
    At
    units
    employing
    activated
    carbon
    injection
    (ACI)
    for
    mercury
    control,
    powdered
    activated
    carbon
    is
    injected
    into
    flue
    gas
    before
    a
    particulate
    control
    device,
    such
    as
    a
    fabric
    filter
    (FF)
    or
    electrostatic
    precipitator
    (ESP).
    The
    activated
    carbon
    adsorbs
    flue
    gas
    mercury,
    which
    is
    removed
    when
    the
    mercury-laden
    carbon
    particles
    are
    captured
    in
    the
    FF
    or
    ESP.
    In
    some
    cases,
    activated
    carbon
    is
    injected
    upstream
    of
    a
    spray
    dryer
    (SD)
    and
    captured
    in
    a
    downstream
    particulate
    control
    device.
    This
    paper
    discusses
    the
    use
    of
    untreated
    activated
    carbon
    (AC)
    or
    brominated
    activated
    carbon
    (BAC)
    as
    mercury
    sorbents.
    AC
    sorbents
    are
    made
    from
    coal
    or
    biomass.
    BAC
    sorbents
    belong
    to
    a
    class
    of
    chemically
    treated
    carbons
    impregnated
    with
    halogens
    such
    as
    bromine
    or
    chlorine.
    Only
    BAC
    sorbents
    have
    proven
    to
    be
    cost-effective
    for
    flue
    gas
    mercury
    removal
    (see
    Mercury
    Control
    Costs
    below).
    None
    of
    the
    non-carbon
    sorbents
    tested
    to
    date
    have
    achieved
    high
    mercury
    removals.
    Boiler
    bromide
    additives
    (discussed
    below
    in
    Success
    with
    Broiler
    Bromide
    Additives)
    can
    enhance
    ACI
    performance
    for
    low-chlorine
    coals;
    this
    pairing
    removes
    mercury
    as
    effectively
    as
    brominated
    ACI.
    For
    the
    majority
    of
    tests
    discussed
    in
    this
    paper,
    mercury
    flue
    gas
    concentrations
    were
    measured
    upstream
    of
    sorbent
    injection
    and
    downstream
    of
    a
    particulate
    control
    device.
    Mercury
    removal
    across
    the
    device
    was
    calculated
    as
    the
    difference
    between
    the
    two
    measurements.
    Mercury
    semi-continuous
    emission
    monitors
    (SCEMs)
    and
    the
    Ontario
    Hydro
    Method
    were
    used
    to
    measure
    mercury
    concentrations.
    Mercury
    Removal
    Performance
    Full-scale
    ACI
    and
    brominated
    ACI
    tests
    were
    conducted
    at
    40
    units.
    Among
    particulate
    controls
    at
    these
    units
    there
    were
    28
    ESPs,
    3
    TOXECONTM5,
    2
    FFs,
    6
    SD-FFs
    and
    1
    SD-ESP)
    Figure
    1
    summarizes
    typical
    mercury
    removal
    ranges
    seen
    to
    date
    for
    ACI
    or
    brominated
    ACI
    at
    units
    firing
    western
    or
    eastern
    bituminous
    coals.
    These
    data
    show
    that
    high
    mercury
    removals
    (>
    90%)
    at
    reasonable
    injection
    rates
    (5
    lblMMacf
    or
    less)
    are
    attainable
    at
    units
    with
    FFs,
    TOXECONs,
    or
    ESPs
    firing
    western
    coals.
    The
    ongoing
    challenge
    is
    to
    maintain
    this
    performance
    level
    during
    long-term
    operation.
    In
    contrast,
    mercury
    removals
    at
    units
    with
    ESPs
    firing
    eastern
    bituminous
    coals—
    especially
    those
    firing
    high-sulfur
    eastern
    bituminous
    (HSEB)
    coal—fall
    well
    below
    the
    high-performance
    achieved
    for
    western
    coals.
    Since
    the
    majority
    of
    coal-fired
    units
    in
    the
    United
    States
    have
    ESPs,
    many
    firing
    eastern
    bituminous
    coals,
    there
    is
    an
    urgent
    need
    to
    understand
    and
    mitigate
    the
    factors
    that
    degrade
    their
    performance.
    2
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Figure
    1.
    Mercury
    Removal
    by
    Activated
    Carbon
    Injection
    for
    Western
    and
    Eastern
    Bituminous
    Coals
    FForTOXECON
    -
    .
    —Lwc,_ESP,
    brominated
    carbon
    -
    LSEB,
    ESP
    fl
    60
    1
    50
    -
    4O
    &
    30
    /
    7
    20
    /
    WC
    =
    Western
    Coal
    0
    V
    HSEB,
    ES
    LS
    =
    Low
    Sulfur
    10
    HS
    =
    High
    Sulfur
    0
    .____________________________________________
    EB
    Eastern
    Bituminous
    0
    2
    4
    6
    8
    10
    12
    14
    16
    18
    20
    Injection
    Concentration
    (lbIMMacf)
    Tables
    1
    and
    2
    summarize
    mercury
    removals
    seen
    in
    full-scale
    tests.
    In
    some
    cases,
    high
    removals
    represent
    data
    from
    one
    unit
    or
    procedures
    that
    are
    experimental,
    and
    thus
    are
    not
    included
    in
    Figure
    1.
    The
    tables
    also
    provide
    additional
    information
    for
    western
    coal-
    fired
    units
    with
    SDs
    and
    eastern
    bituminous
    coal-fired
    units
    with
    FFs
    or
    TOXECONs,
    since
    these
    configurations
    offer
    high
    mercury
    removal
    at
    reasonable
    injection
    rates.
    The
    tables
    note
    factors
    influencing
    performance;
    these
    are
    discussed
    below
    in
    Challenges
    and
    Responses.
    Western
    Coals
    Western
    coals
    described
    in
    Table
    1
    include
    Powder
    River
    Basin
    (PRB)
    subbituminous
    and
    North
    Dakota
    lignite
    (NDL).
    Low-chloride
    Texas
    lignite
    (TxL)
    is
    sometimes
    blended
    with
    these
    coals.
    Flue
    gas
    associated
    with
    combustion
    of
    western
    coals
    is
    relatively
    low
    in
    chloride
    and
    high
    in
    elemental
    mercury.
    Thus,
    using
    brominated
    ACI
    (which
    can
    capture
    elemental
    mercury
    in
    a
    low-halogen
    flue
    gas)
    or
    increasing
    flue
    gas
    oxidized
    mercury
    by
    adding
    bromide
    directly
    into
    the
    boiler
    in
    conjunction
    with
    ACI
    typically
    improves
    performance
    over
    ACI
    for
    western
    coals.
    Available
    data
    from
    four
    units
    firing
    low-chloride
    western
    coals
    show
    that
    using
    boiler
    calcium
    bromide
    additives
    to
    supplement
    ACI
    can
    significantly
    increase
    mercury
    removal
    across
    FFs,
    ESPs,
    SD-FFs,
    and
    SD-ESPs.
    3
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Table
    1.
    Summary
    of
    Mercury
    Removal
    Performance
    for
    Sorbent
    Injection
    at
    Units
    Firing
    Western
    Coals
    Range
    of
    Observed
    Hg
    Removal
    at
    Type
    of
    APCD
    Coal
    Sorbent
    2
    lbIMMacl
    $
    lb/MMacI
    10
    lb/MMacf
    Factors
    Influencing
    Performance
    Injection
    ACI
    70—95%
    >
    95%
    remperature,
    improvement
    with
    BCA
    FF
    or
    1us
    ACI
    PRB
    TOXECON
    Brominated
    80-95%
    >
    95%
    Eemperature
    ACI
    ,
    Improvement
    with
    BCA
    plus
    Ad;
    ACI
    40—95%
    50—95%
    emperature
    effect
    not
    demonstrated,
    ESP
    ut
    suspected
    PRB
    (No
    FGC*)
    4cr-Cure
    process
    reported
    >
    95%
    at
    Brominated
    65—>
    95%
    80—>
    95%
    ne
    plant;
    temperature
    effect
    not
    ACI
    jemonstrated,
    but
    suspected
    -ligher
    removals
    possible
    with
    BCA
    ACI
    25—60%
    45—90%
    60—90%
    ,lus
    ACI
    or
    with
    upstream
    SCR
    SD
    PRB
    Brominated
    60—95%
    85—>
    95%
    ‘1er-Cure
    process
    reported
    up
    to
    95%
    ACI
    at
    one
    plant
    *
    FGC:
    efficiency
    flue
    gas
    conditioning,
    injection
    of
    SO
    3
    or
    SO
    3
    plus
    NH
    3
    upstream
    of
    an
    ESP
    to
    improve
    collection
    Eastern
    Bituminous
    Coals
    Eastern
    bituminous
    coals
    described
    in
    Table
    2
    are
    categorized
    as
    low-sulfur
    (LSEB),
    medium-sulfur
    (MSEB),
    or
    high-sulfur
    (HSEB).
    Flue
    gas
    associated
    with
    combustion
    of
    bituminous
    coals
    is
    relatively
    high
    in
    chloride
    and
    high
    in
    oxidized
    mercury.
    Thus,
    the
    use
    of
    brominated
    ACT
    to
    increase
    flue
    gas
    oxidized
    mercury
    does
    little
    to
    improve
    performance
    over
    ACT
    for
    bituminous
    coals.
    4
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Table
    2.
    Summary
    of
    Mercury
    Removal
    Performance
    for
    Sorbent
    Injection
    at
    Units
    Firing
    Eastern
    Bituminous
    Coals
    ________
    Range
    of
    Observed
    H
    Removal
    at
    Type
    of
    APCD
    Coal
    Sorbent
    2
    lb/MMacf
    5
    Ib/MMacf
    10
    lb/MMacf
    Factors
    Influencing
    Performance
    Injection
    FF
    or
    LSEB
    AC1
    75—90%
    >
    90%
    Temperature,
    air-to-cloth
    ratio,
    no
    TOXECON
    •mprovement
    with
    brominated
    AC!
    ACI
    20—60%
    20—70%
    20—75%
    remperature
    ESP
    LSEB
    (no
    FGC)
    Brominated
    30-40%
    35—60%
    60—>
    80%
    emperature
    AC1
    ‘emperature,
    SO
    3
    concentration;
    co
    AC!
    0—35%
    0—70%
    5—80%
    injection
    of
    SO
    3
    sorbent
    with
    AC!;
    se
    of
    “S0
    3
    -tolerant”
    sorbents
    MSEB
    or
    ESP
    HSEB
    Brominated
    l’emperature,
    SO
    3
    concentration;
    0—35%
    0—70%
    10->
    90%
    4er-Cure
    only
    demonstrated
    process
    AC!
    >
    80%
    for
    one
    MSEB
    plant
    SUCCESS
    WITH
    BOILER
    BROMIDE
    ADDITIVES
    Halogen
    compounds,
    such
    as
    bromide
    or
    chloride
    salts,
    are
    employed
    as
    boiler
    chemical
    additives
    (BCA5).
    In
    liquid
    form,
    they
    are
    sprayed
    onto
    the
    feed
    coal
    or
    injected
    directly
    into
    the
    high-temperature
    zone
    of
    the
    boiler.
    In
    solid
    form,
    they
    are
    added
    to
    coal
    on
    the
    conveyor
    belt
    upstream
    of
    the
    pulverizer.
    Boiler
    chemical
    additives
    oxidize
    elemental
    mercury,
    increasing
    the
    fraction
    of
    oxidized
    mercury
    in
    flue
    gas
    available
    for
    capture
    in
    downstream
    particulate
    control
    devices
    and
    wet
    or
    dry
    SO
    2
    scrubbers.
    They
    improve
    mercury
    removal
    for
    units
    firing
    low-chlorine
    western
    coals
    and
    offer
    an
    alternative
    to
    brominated
    ACI
    when
    paired
    with
    ACT
    (as
    discussed
    above
    in
    Success
    with
    Sorbents).
    Bromide
    salts
    are
    the
    most
    effective
    BCAs
    in
    terms
    of
    performance
    and
    cost
    (see
    Mercury
    Control
    Costs
    below).
    Adding
    small
    amounts
    of
    bromine
    compounds
    to
    the
    boiler
    to
    oxidize
    mercury
    in
    coal-fired
    flue
    gas
    containing
    sulfur
    dioxide
    has
    been
    patented
    by
    Dr.
    Bernhard
    Vosteen
    and
    licensed
    to
    Alstom
    for
    applications
    in
    North
    America.
    KNXTM
    is
    Aistom’s
    name
    for
    its
    mercury
    control
    technology
    that
    usesthe
    commodity
    chemical,
    calcium
    bromide.
    Proprietary
    SEAl
    and
    SEA2
    additives
    were
    used
    by
    the
    Energy
    &
    Environmental
    Research
    Center
    (EERC)
    at
    the
    University
    of
    North
    Dakota.
    Mercury
    Removal
    Performance
    Full-scale
    boiler
    chemical
    additive
    (BCA)
    tests
    were
    conducted
    at
    14
    units
    firing
    low-
    chloride
    PRB
    or
    Texas
    lignite
    coals.
    2
    Seven
    units
    hosted
    continuous
    tests
    lasting
    from
    2to
    14
    days.
    5
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    In
    these
    tests,
    more
    than
    90%
    of
    flue
    gas
    mercury
    appeared
    in
    oxidized
    form
    at
    boiler
    bromide
    additions
    equivalent
    to
    25
    to
    300
    parts
    per
    million
    by
    weight
    in
    coal.
    With
    calcium
    chloride
    addition,
    less
    than
    60%
    mercury
    oxidation
    was
    achieved
    at
    more
    than
    1000
    parts
    per
    million
    chloride
    in
    coal.
    The
    oxidation
    effect
    of
    bromide
    was
    magnified
    at
    one
    unit
    with
    selective
    catalytic
    reduction
    (SCR),
    where
    90%
    mercury
    oxidation
    was
    achieved
    with
    boiler
    bromide
    addition
    of
    less
    than
    20
    parts
    per
    million
    in
    coal
    (Figure
    2).
    Finally,
    at
    four
    of
    five
    units
    with
    wet
    SO
    2
    scrubbers,
    bromine-oxidized
    mercury
    was
    readily
    removed
    by
    the
    scrubber.
    Figure
    2.
    SCR
    Enhances
    Bromide
    Oxidation
    Effectiveness
    Even
    Further
    •SCR
    Inlet
    SCR
    Outlet
    10
    ESP
    Inlet
    ESP
    Outletj
    E
    z
    .9
    0
    Is
    g
    0
    C.)
    IA
    .
    .
    -
    0
    50
    100
    150
    200
    250
    300
    350
    Bromide
    Addition
    Rate
    (ppm
    Br
    in
    coal,
    dry
    basis)
    MERCURY
    CONTROL
    COSTS
    Sorbents
    Brominated
    activated
    carbon
    currently
    costs
    (FOB
    manufacturing
    plant)
    about
    $1
    .00/lb
    versus
    $0.70/lb
    for
    untreated
    activated
    carbon.
    However,
    the
    performance
    of
    brominated
    ACI
    is
    significantly
    better
    than
    that
    of
    ACT
    for
    western
    coal
    applications,
    making
    it
    a
    more
    cost-effective
    approach
    for
    these
    coals.
    To
    date,
    no
    significant
    differences
    have
    been
    observed
    between
    ACT
    and
    brominated
    ACI
    at
    units
    with
    FFs
    firing
    western
    or
    bituminous
    coals.
    Figures
    3
    and
    4
    show
    total
    annual
    mercury
    control
    costs
    for
    a
    500
    MWe
    plant
    firing
    western
    or
    low-sulfur
    eastern
    bituminous
    coals.
    These
    projections
    are
    for
    units
    that
    do
    not
    sell
    fly
    ash.
    At
    units
    where
    fly
    ash
    sales
    are
    lost
    due
    to
    sorbent
    injection,
    annual
    control
    costs
    increase
    by
    about
    $2
    million
    in
    disposal
    fees
    and
    lost
    revenue.
    Cost
    projections
    are
    based
    on
    estimated
    average
    mercury
    removals.
    The
    projections
    assume
    a
    500
    MWe
    plant
    with
    a
    flue
    gas
    flow
    rate
    of
    2
    Macfin,
    0.65
    capacity
    factor,
    and
    mercury
    flue
    gas
    concentration
    of
    10
    igfNm
    3
    ,
    resulting
    in
    mercury
    emissions
    of
    6
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    approximately
    275
    lb/yr. Equipment
    costs
    are
    amortized
    using
    a capital
    recovery
    factor
    of
    0.15.
    A
    constant
    2008
    dollar
    analysis
    is
    used.
    Figure
    3.
    Total
    Annual
    Cost
    of
    Mercury
    Control
    for PRB
    and
    ND
    Lignite
    Coals,
    Assuming
    No
    Ash
    Sales
    (500
    MWe
    Plant)
    $15
    $14
    $13
    $12
    I..
    >
    $11
    -
    $10
    $9
    $8
    $7
    $6
    $5
    Oxidation
    catalyst
    (not
    discussed
    in this
    paper)
    and boiler
    chemical
    additive
    removals
    are
    for
    ESP
    equipped
    units
    with
    FGD.
    BACI:
    brominated
    activated
    carbon
    injection.
    Figure
    4.
    Total Annual
    Cost of
    Mercury
    Control
    for Low-Sulfur
    Eastern
    Bituminous
    Coals,
    Assuming
    No
    Ash
    Sales
    (500
    MWe
    Plant)
    Unburned
    carbon
    (UBC)
    removals
    (not
    discussed
    in
    this
    paper)
    are
    for units
    equipped
    with
    ESPs.
    kpC
    ‘4
    $12
    $10
    e
    C
    I-
    .co
    3
    coDct
    7
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    TOXECON
    is
    the
    high-cost
    option
    for
    all
    coals
    and
    establishes
    the
    high-cost
    limit
    for
    controlling
    mercury.
    Although
    TOXECON
    appears
    to
    be
    a
    costly
    option
    for
    mercury
    control,
    it
    offers
    the
    potential
    to
    further
    segregate
    mercury
    sorbent
    from
    fly
    ash,
    minimizing
    waste
    generation.
    It
    also
    offers
    the
    potential
    to
    further
    separate
    and
    stabilize
    adsorbed
    mercury,
    and
    perhaps
    to
    recycle/reuse
    the
    mercury
    sorbent.
    TOXECON
    can
    be
    used
    with
    other
    sorbents
    to
    remove
    additional
    pollutants
    such
    as
    SOx,
    NOx,
    and
    trace
    air
    toxics—especially
    as
    a
    polishing
    step.
    Finally,
    use
    of
    TOXECON’s
    fabric
    filter
    as
    a
    final
    particulate
    collection
    device
    ensures
    very
    low
    outlet
    particulate
    matter
    and
    trace
    metal
    emissions.
    Boiler
    Chemical
    Additives
    Calcium
    bromide
    salts
    used
    as
    boiler
    chemical
    additives
    cost
    (FOB
    manufacturing
    plant)
    $1.44/lb
    salt
    or
    $10.70
    (52
    wt%
    solution)/gallon
    solution.
    Calcium
    chloride
    salts
    cost
    $0.15/lb
    salt
    or
    $0.70
    (38
    wt%
    solution)/gallon
    solution.
    Figure
    5
    shows
    the
    projected
    annual
    chemical
    cost
    of
    adding
    calcium
    bromide
    or
    chloride
    salts
    to
    the
    boiler
    of
    a
    500
    MWe
    plant.
    Costs
    increase
    with
    halogen
    addition
    rate,
    very
    steeply
    for
    bromide
    and
    less
    steeply
    for
    chloride.
    However,
    available
    data
    show
    that
    bromide
    salts
    oxidize
    mercury
    much
    more
    effectively
    than
    chloride
    salts.
    The
    figure
    does
    not
    include
    capital
    costs
    or—in
    the
    case
    of
    bromide
    addition—a
    per-site,
    negotiated
    license
    fee
    payable
    to
    Alstom
    for
    use
    of
    the
    technology
    patented
    by
    Dr.
    Bernhard
    Vosteen.
    Figure
    3
    above
    shows
    total
    annual
    mercury
    control
    costs
    of
    BCA
    for
    a
    500
    MWe
    plant
    firing
    western
    coals.
    Figure
    5.
    Projected
    Annual
    Chemical
    Cost
    of
    Halogen
    Boiler
    Addition
    at
    a
    500
    MWe
    Plant
    $900,000
    .
    [•
    L.dDT
    H
    —-
    $800,000
    $700,000
    I
    ,
    $600,000
    $500,000
    $400,000
    $300,000
    $200,000
    -.
    $100,000
    0
    200
    400
    600
    800
    1000
    1200
    1400
    1600
    Halogen
    Addition
    Rate
    (ppm
    X
    in
    coal,
    dry)
    8
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    CHALLENGES
    AND
    RESPONSES
    1.
    Achieve>
    90%
    removal
    with
    consistent
    and
    predictable
    performance
    from
    activated
    carbons
    and
    other
    sorbents
    To
    meet
    this
    challenge,
    EPRI
    and
    others
    are
    collecting
    more
    field
    data
    from
    longer-term
    studies.
    They
    will
    use
    these
    data
    to
    develop
    predictive
    models
    combining
    information
    on
    mass
    transfer,
    sorbent
    properties,
    and
    process
    conditions.
    Flue
    gas
    temperature
    is
    a
    process
    condition
    meriting
    further
    study.
    Recent
    observations
    show
    that
    mercury
    removals
    across
    an
    ESP
    correlate
    with
    fluctuations
    in
    temperature
    at
    a
    PRB-fired
    unit
    (Figure
    6),
    and
    there
    are
    probably
    effects
    of
    temperature
    variations
    for
    other
    coals.
    Figure
    6.
    Variations
    in
    ACI
    Mercury
    Removal
    Correlate
    with
    Temperature
    at
    PRB
    Unit
    with
    ESP
    .Removal_Calculated
    Using
    Inlet
    SCEM
    *
    Removal
    Using
    Coal
    Hg
    Daily
    Average
    ESP
    Operating
    Temp
    10%
    0%
    8/28/07
    9/4/07
    9/11/07
    9/18107
    9/25/07
    10/2/07
    10/9/07
    10116/07
    10/23/07
    EPRI
    has
    undertaken
    a
    study
    to
    characterize
    key
    sorbent
    properties
    affecting
    mercury
    removal,
    including
    the
    size
    distribution
    of
    sorbent
    particles,
    pore
    size
    and
    surface
    area,
    and
    surface
    groups
    active
    in
    mercury
    adsorption.
    This
    study,
    based
    on
    performance
    and
    physicallchemical
    analyses
    of
    6
    to
    8
    different
    types
    of
    sorbents
    from
    10
    field
    sites,
    will
    help
    the
    project
    team
    develop
    specifications
    for
    activated
    carbon
    procurement.
    Currently,
    there
    are
    no
    specifications
    to
    help
    buyers
    choose
    the
    best
    sorbent
    for
    a
    given
    application
    by
    ensuring
    uniform
    carbon
    quality,
    consistency,
    and
    performance.
    2.
    Improve
    sorbent
    effectiveness
    in
    the
    presence
    of
    SO
    3
    High
    concentrations
    of
    SO
    3
    in
    flue
    gas
    have
    a
    large,
    negative
    impact
    on
    ACI
    performance
    for
    both
    western
    and
    eastern
    bituminous
    coals.
    In
    practice,
    SO
    3
    may
    be
    present
    because
    it
    is
    used
    as
    a
    flue
    gas
    conditioner
    to
    improve
    ESP
    performance,
    because
    it
    is
    a
    constituent
    of
    HSEB
    coal,
    or
    because
    a
    lower-sulfur
    eastern
    bituminous-fired
    unit
    has
    an
    SCR.
    100%
    90%
    80%
    C
    70%
    60%
    50%
    -
    40%
    30%
    20%
    I
    I
    360
    —380
    400
    9
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    One
    way
    to
    improve
    mercury
    removal
    across
    ESPs
    with
    flue
    gas
    conditioning
    is
    to
    inject
    sorbent
    upstream
    of
    the
    air
    preheater,
    before
    conditioning
    comes
    into
    play.
    This
    is
    accomplished
    for
    either
    western
    or
    LSEB
    coals
    by
    using
    Aistom’s
    MerCureTM
    process.
    Another
    way
    to
    improve
    mercury
    removal
    is
    to
    reduce
    flue
    gas
    SO
    3
    concentration
    with
    alkali
    co-injection.
    Alkali
    sorbents
    adsorb
    SO
    3
    ,
    freeing
    sites
    on
    the
    activated
    carbon
    for
    mercury
    adsorption
    and
    allowing
    operation
    at
    lower
    temperatures
    after
    the
    air
    preheater.
    During
    ACI,
    trona
    was
    injected
    upstream
    of
    the
    air
    preheater
    at
    a
    unit
    with
    an
    SCR
    firing
    MSEB
    (Figure
    7).
    This
    reduced
    the
    downstream
    SO
    3
    concentration
    from
    20
    ppmv
    to
    -
    8
    ppmv,
    lowered
    the
    downstream
    flue
    gas
    temperature,
    and
    increased
    mercury
    removal
    by
    as
    much
    as
    40%.
    Milling
    the
    trona
    to
    finer
    size
    enhanced
    its
    effectiveness.
    Figure
    7.
    Impact
    of
    SO
    3
    ,
    Temperature,
    and
    Sorbent
    Size
    on
    ACI
    Performance
    100
    -
    701
    E
    60I
    50
    0.
    40
    Sarbent
    (IbiMMact)
    CEA:
    coal-end
    average
    temperature
    Alternatives
    to
    the
    use
    of
    SO
    3
    flue
    gas
    conditioning
    to
    improve
    ESP
    performance
    should
    be
    investigated.
    These
    include
    the
    use
    of
    other
    conditioning
    chemicals
    or
    advanced
    ESP
    power
    supplies
    that
    modify
    the
    shape
    and
    frequency
    of
    the
    ESP
    voltage
    and
    current.
    Finally,
    “S0
    3
    -resistant”
    carbon
    sorbents
    are
    under
    development,
    but
    none
    have
    demonstrated
    significant
    improvement
    in
    mercury
    removal
    to
    date.
    3.
    Realize
    benefits
    of
    bromine
    and
    other
    halogens
    with
    known,
    manageable
    impacts
    EPRI
    and
    others
    continue
    to
    evaluate
    how
    effectively
    bromine
    oxidizes
    mercury
    and
    how
    well
    that
    oxidized
    mercury
    is
    removed
    by
    particulate
    controls
    and
    wet
    scrubbers
    at
    units
    firing
    various
    coals
    with
    and
    without
    an
    SCR.
    Figure
    8
    illustrates
    potential
    bromine
    balance-of-plant
    impacts.
    of
    milling
    o
    Mernmack
    2,
    Darco
    Hg4H
    o
    Mernrnack
    2,
    Darco
    Hg-UI,
    Tror,
    normal
    CEA
    Merrimack
    2,
    Darco
    Hg-LR
    Trore.
    low
    CEA
    Mernn,ack
    2,
    Darco
    HgLH,
    Mu
    Trona,
    low
    CEA
    Memniack
    2,
    Darco
    Hg.IH,
    APH
    I’
    normal
    CJ
    15
    20
    5
    10
    10
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Figure
    8.
    Understanding
    Bromine
    Balance-of-Plant
    Impacts
    TBM:
    tribromomethane
    Because
    the
    fate
    of
    the
    bromine
    compounds
    in
    the
    various
    power
    plant
    streams
    and
    their
    potential
    balance-of-plant
    impacts
    are
    poorly
    understood,
    EPRI
    is
    conducting
    a
    bromine
    balance-of-plant
    impacts
    assessment
    at
    several
    field
    demonstration
    sites.
    Parameters
    under
    investigation
    include:
    Bromine
    partitioning
    between
    gas
    and
    solids
    along
    the
    flue
    gas
    path
    Effect
    of
    bromine
    on
    fly
    ash
    for
    concrete
    use
    Leachability
    of
    bromine
    from
    fly
    ash
    Effectiveness
    of
    bromine
    capture
    by
    wet
    FOD
    Bromine
    concentrations
    and
    partitioning
    in
    wet
    FGD
    systems
    (liquor
    vs.
    solids)
    Bromine
    corrosion
    potential
    in
    the
    boiler
    and
    wet
    FGD
    Effect
    of
    bromine
    on
    mercury
    partitioning
    between
    wet
    FGD
    liquor
    and
    solids
    Effect
    of
    bromine
    on
    mercury
    re-emissions
    from
    wet
    FGD.
    Preliminary
    data
    presented
    in
    Table
    3
    trace
    the
    fate
    of
    bromine,
    from
    brominated
    Ad,
    in
    a
    PRB-fired
    unit
    with
    a
    fabric
    filter.
    As
    injection
    rate
    increases,
    so
    do
    bromine
    concentrations
    at
    the
    fabric
    filter
    outlet
    and
    in
    the
    fly
    ash
    leachate.
    Table
    3.
    Fate
    of
    Bromine
    in
    PRB
    Fabric
    Filter
    Unit
    B
    l
    CF
    CF
    KNX/Darco
    ase
    me
    plus*
    Plus
    Hg**
    Average
    Injection
    Rate
    (lbfMMacf)/(ppmw
    Br
    in
    coal)
    0.0
    0.5
    1.0
    0.25/41
    Coal
    Bromine
    Concentration
    (ppmw)
    5.65
    5.74
    5.65
    5.55
    Average
    Fabric
    Filter
    Outlet
    Flue
    Gas
    Bromine
    003
    0
    5
    0
    Concentration,
    (ppmv),
    dry
    at
    3%
    02
    .
    .
    .
    Fly
    Ash
    Bromine
    Leachate
    Concentration
    (ppmw)
    0.35
    2.76
    9.82
    1.93
    *CF
    Plus
    is
    a
    proprietaxy
    “ash
    friendly”
    BAC.
    **KNX
    is
    a
    calcium
    bromide-based
    BCA
    process
    used
    with
    Darco
    Hg
    AC.
    Bromnated
    Carbon
    Injection
    11
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Previous
    laboratory
    studies
    have
    shown
    that
    bromine
    present
    in
    scrubber
    water
    can
    increase
    the
    corrosion
    of
    some
    metals
    used
    in
    the
    scrubbers,
    especially
    at
    the
    higher
    concentrations
    encountered
    in
    closed
    loop
    units
    and
    in
    conjunction
    with
    chlorides
    already
    present.
    Mercury
    re-emissions
    occur
    when
    oxidized
    mercury
    is
    absorbed
    by
    the
    FGD
    liquor
    and
    then
    chemically
    converted
    to
    elemental
    mercury
    that
    exits
    with
    flue
    gas
    from
    the
    scrubber.
    Re-emissions
    are
    marked
    by
    an
    increase
    in
    elemental
    mercury
    concentrations
    across
    the
    scrubber,
    as
    shown
    in
    Figure
    9
    for
    a
    western
    coal-fired
    unit
    with
    an
    ESP
    and
    wet
    FGD
    employing
    calcium
    bromide
    addition.
    Re-emissions
    limit
    the
    net
    mercury
    removal
    of
    a
    system.
    There
    appears
    to
    be
    increased
    potential
    for
    re-emissions
    in
    scrubbers
    with
    appreciable
    mercury
    concentrations
    in
    the
    liquor
    phase.
    Since
    calcium
    bromide
    addition
    can
    significantly
    increase
    the
    mercury
    concentration
    of
    the
    liquor,
    re
    emissions
    may
    become
    a
    problem.
    Figure
    9.
    Potential
    Mercury
    Re-Emissions
    with
    Calcium
    Bromide
    Addition
    30
    •lnlet
    Hg
    Total
    OlnIet
    Hg
    Elemental
    Ca
    Br
    2
    Addition
    o
    Outlet
    Hg
    Total
    0
    Outlet
    Hg
    Elemental
    25
    c
    S
    20
    db.
    412810610:00
    4129106
    10:00
    413010610:00
    51110610:00
    512106
    10:00
    51310610:00
    4.
    Control
    small
    particulate
    matter
    increases
    (<0.003
    lbIMBtu)
    that
    can
    trigger
    New
    Source
    Review
    for
    a
    500
    MWe
    plant
    ACI
    upstream
    of
    ESPs
    can
    increase
    fine
    particulate
    matter
    (PM)
    emissions
    at
    the
    stack.
    This
    effect
    is
    generally
    seen
    at
    plants
    with
    smaller
    ESPs
    (SCAs
    -
    300
    or
    lower).
    Over
    time,
    EPRJ
    will
    conduct
    extensive
    PM
    measurements
    at
    units
    with
    ESPs
    and
    fabric
    filters
    to
    develop
    strategies
    to
    reduce
    PM
    emissions.
    In
    tests
    to
    date,
    researchers
    have
    used
    EPA
    Methods
    17
    and
    5
    to
    measure
    ESP
    outlet
    particulate
    concentrations
    during
    long-term
    ACI
    tests
    at
    a
    unit
    firing
    western
    coal.
    Both
    methods
    showed
    increased
    particulate
    loading
    during
    injection,
    compared
    to
    baseline,
    but
    it
    was
    unclear
    whether
    stack
    PM
    emissions
    increased
    as
    a
    result.
    12
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    EPR.J
    is
    also
    developing
    low-cost
    technologies
    to
    control
    fine
    PM
    releases
    from
    ESPs.
    One
    example
    is
    the
    PMScreenTM
    which
    uses
    novel
    filter
    materials
    and
    an
    electrical
    charge
    supplied
    by
    the
    ESP
    itself
    to
    increase
    fine
    PM
    capture
    at
    minimal
    pressure
    drop.
    Its
    modular
    filter
    assemblies
    mount
    within
    the
    ESP’s
    outlet
    cone.
    Finally,
    strategies
    that
    reduce
    the
    amount
    of
    sorbent
    needed
    to
    meet
    mercury
    removal
    goals
    will
    also
    reduce
    fine
    PM
    emissions.
    Some
    of
    these
    strategies
    are
    discussed
    below.
    5.
    Maintain
    ash
    use
    with
    ACI
    Many
    power
    companies
    sell
    fly
    ash
    from
    western
    coals
    to
    replace
    portland
    cement
    in
    concrete.
    To
    date,
    adding
    modest
    amounts
    of
    activated
    carbonto
    PRB
    fly
    ash
    has
    not
    caused
    the
    properties
    of
    concrete
    made
    with
    sorbent-fly
    ash
    mixtures
    to
    fall
    outside
    acceptable
    limits
    for
    many
    of
    the
    Sites
    tested—but
    it
    has
    caused
    a
    3-
    to
    4-fold
    increase
    in
    the
    amount
    of
    air
    entraining
    agent
    (AEA)
    needed
    in
    concrete
    manufacture.
    Some
    ash
    wholesalers
    have
    been
    willing
    to
    accept
    these
    conditions
    as
    long
    as
    the
    amounts
    of
    carbon
    in
    the
    ash
    remain
    relatively
    constant
    so
    amounts
    of
    air
    entraining
    agent
    need
    not
    vary.
    Thus,
    the
    best
    strategy
    for
    preserving
    ash
    sales
    is
    to
    maintain
    fly
    ash
    consistency
    by
    injecting
    carbon
    at
    a
    constant
    rate
    to
    meet
    mercury
    removal
    targets,
    injecting
    small
    (0.5
    lb/MMacf)
    amounts
    of
    carbon,
    and
    reducing
    carbon
    usage.
    The
    effect
    of
    short-term
    boiler
    bromide
    addition
    on
    fly
    ash
    suitability
    for
    concrete
    manufacturing
    was
    tested
    at
    two
    PRB-fired
    units.
    Ash
    from
    one
    unit
    passed
    a
    compressive
    strength
    test
    while
    ash
    from
    the
    other
    unit
    failed.
    EPRI
    is
    pursuing
    additional
    research
    on
    the
    use
    of
    sorbent-bearing
    fly
    ash
    in
    concrete
    manufacturing.
    EPRI
    continues
    to
    evaluate
    ways
    to
    preserve
    ash
    sales
    for
    concrete
    manufacturing,
    including
    the
    use
    of
    “passivated”
    carbons
    treated
    with
    ozone
    or
    a
    proprietary
    surfactant
    to
    block
    AEA
    adsorption,
    so-called
    “ash-friendly”
    carbon
    or
    non-carbon
    sorbents
    that
    require
    more
    AEA
    but
    allow
    fly
    ash
    to
    pass
    concrete
    wholesalers’
    screening
    tests,
    and
    ash
    beneficiation
    processes
    that
    recycle
    carbon
    sorbents
    or
    remove
    them
    by
    burning
    them
    out
    of
    the
    ash.
    Of
    course,
    plant
    owners
    can
    side-step
    the
    problem
    of
    carbon
    sorbent
    in
    ash
    by
    installing
    TOXECONs.
    TOXECONTM
    is
    an
    EPRI-patented
    process
    that
    injects
    sorbent
    between
    an
    existing
    particulate
    control
    device
    (ESP
    or
    FF)
    and
    a
    downstream
    FF;
    TOXECONTM
    II
    injects
    sorbent
    between
    the
    first
    fields
    of
    an
    ESP.
    These
    installations
    produce
    two
    ash
    streams—one
    that
    is
    uncontaminated
    with
    activated
    carbon
    and
    can
    continue
    to
    be
    sold,
    and
    one
    that
    consists
    mostly
    of
    activated
    carbon.
    13
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    6.
    Improve
    sorbent
    effectiveness,
    reduce
    sorbent
    use
    and
    cost
    Mercury
    control
    has
    been
    enhanced
    by
    on-site
    grinding
    to
    reduce
    sorbent
    size
    and
    injection
    before
    the
    air
    preheater
    to
    maximize
    contact
    time
    (Aistom’s
    Mer-Cure
    process),
    as
    well
    as
    by
    optimizing
    sorbent
    injection
    design
    and
    mixing
    (especially
    for
    TOXECON
    applications).
    Future
    tests
    will
    look
    for
    additional
    ways
    to
    improve
    sorbent
    effectiveness
    while
    reducing
    use
    and
    containing
    costs.
    Some
    improvements
    will
    come
    from
    novel
    concepts
    described
    below.
    7.
    Develop
    lower
    cost
    alternatives
    to
    ACI
    and
    halogen
    addition
    EPRJ
    is
    pursuing
    novel
    mercury
    control
    concepts
    that
    could
    be
    highly
    efficient
    and
    cost-
    effective.
    The
    first
    example
    is
    the
    Sorbent
    Activation
    Process
    (SAP),
    patented
    jointly
    by
    EPRI
    and
    the
    Illinois
    State
    Geological
    Survey
    (Figure
    10).
    In
    SAP,
    activated
    carbon
    is
    produced
    on-site
    from
    facility
    coal
    which
    is
    processing
    in
    an
    entrained,
    steam-driven
    activation
    reactor
    and
    then
    injected
    directly
    into
    the
    flue
    gas
    upstream
    of
    a
    particulate
    control
    device.
    SAP
    can
    be
    used
    to
    prepare
    activated
    carbons
    with
    various
    surface
    areas,
    pore
    structures,
    and
    surface
    chemistries
    (halogenated
    AC)
    from
    western
    and
    eastern
    bituminous
    coals.
    Figure
    10.
    SAP
    system
    incorporated
    in
    an
    existing
    power
    plant
    The
    second
    example
    involves
    fixed
    carbon
    structures—such
    as
    honeycombs,
    woven
    screens,
    or
    plates—installed
    just
    downstream
    of
    a
    particulate
    control
    device
    (Figure
    11).
    These
    fixed
    structures
    capture
    flue
    gas
    mercury
    very
    efficiently,
    without
    affecting
    fly
    ash,
    and
    their
    carbon
    base
    can
    be
    regenerated
    using
    standard
    commercial
    processes.
    EPRI’s
    project
    team
    has
    designed
    and
    fabricated
    a
    2
    MWe
    pilot
    unit
    to
    test
    this
    technology.
    Steam
    Coal
    Pulverizer
    14
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Figure
    11.
    Fixed
    Structure
    Concepts
    with
    2
    MWe
    Pilot
    Unit
    SUMMARY
    High
    levels
    of
    mercury
    removal
    (>90%)
    are
    attainable
    using
    ACI
    at
    western
    coal-fired
    units
    with
    fabric
    filters
    and
    TOXECONs.
    Similar
    performance
    requires
    brominated
    ACI
    at
    units
    with
    ESPs.
    Alternately,
    units
    firing
    western
    coals
    can
    use
    boiler
    bromide
    addition
    alone
    to
    increase
    flue
    gas
    mercury
    oxidation
    and
    downstream
    capture
    in
    a
    wet
    scrubber,
    or
    to
    enhance
    mercury
    removal
    by
    Ad.
    Thus,
    SD-FFs
    or
    SD-ESPs
    use
    brominated
    ACI
    or
    ACI
    plus
    boiler
    bromide
    addition
    for
    high
    removals.
    Mercury
    removals
    at
    eastern
    bituminous-fired
    units
    with
    ESPs
    fall
    short
    of
    these
    levels,
    largely
    due
    to
    the
    high
    sulfur
    content
    of
    the
    coal
    or
    the
    use
    of
    SO
    3
    flue
    gas
    conditioning
    to
    improve
    ESP
    performance.
    Although
    ACI
    and,
    to
    a
    lesser
    extent,
    boiler
    bromide
    addition
    are
    nearing
    commercial
    readiness,
    significant
    issues
    stand
    in
    the
    way
    of
    confident
    performance
    and
    cost
    predictions.
    Resolution
    of
    these
    issues
    will
    involve
    full
    understanding
    of
    the
    factors
    that
    affect
    mercury
    removal
    performance,
    the
    fate
    of
    mercury
    and
    sorbents
    in
    plant
    waste
    streams,
    and
    the
    unintended
    impacts
    of
    these
    control
    technologies
    on
    power
    plant
    operation.
    Furthermore,
    most
    full-scale
    tests
    discussed
    in
    this
    paper
    have
    demonstrated
    high
    mercury
    removals
    for
    periods
    of
    less
    than
    a
    month.
    Only
    issue
    resolution
    and
    successful,
    long-term
    performance
    testing
    will
    allow
    the
    electric
    utility
    industry
    to
    guarantee
    compliance
    with
    mercury
    emission
    standards
    set
    by
    federal
    and
    state
    regulators.
    Meanwhile,
    EPRI
    is
    responding
    to
    challenges
    presented
    by
    the
    need
    for
    more
    effective,
    less
    costly
    long-term
    mercury
    control.
    REFERENCES
    I.
    Mercury
    Control
    Technology,
    VI:
    Sorbent
    Injection.
    EPRI,
    Palo
    Alto,
    CA:
    2008.
    1014172.
    2.
    Mercury
    Control
    Technology,
    V2:
    Boiler
    Bromide
    Addition.
    EPRI,
    Palo
    Alto,
    CA:
    2008.
    1014172.
    KEY
    WORDS
    activated
    carbon
    injection
    brominated
    activated
    carbon
    injection
    boiler
    bromide
    addition
    mercury
    control
    costs
    15
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Exhibit
    5
    Feeley,
    Thomas
    J.
    III,
    et
    a!.,
    DOE/NETL
    ‘s
    Mercury
    Control
    Technolog’
    R&D
    Program —
    Taking
    Technology
    from
    Concept
    to
    Commercial
    Reality,
    Paper
    #42
    MEGA
    Symposium
    (2008)
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    DOE/NETL’s
    Mercury
    Control
    Technology
    R&D
    Program
    Taking
    Technology
    from
    Concept
    to
    Commercial
    Reality
    Paper
    #
    42
    Thomas
    J.
    Feeley,
    III
    and
    Lynn
    A.
    Brickett,
    U.S.
    Department
    of
    Energy,
    National
    Energy
    Technology
    Laboratory,
    P0
    Box
    10940,
    Pittsburgh,
    PA
    15236
    B.
    Andrew
    O’Palko,
    U.S.
    Department
    of
    Energy,
    National
    Energy
    Technology
    Laboratory,
    3610
    Collins
    Ferry
    Road,
    Morgantown,
    WV
    26507
    Andrew
    P.
    Jones,
    Science
    Applications
    International
    Corporation,
    P0
    Box
    10940,
    Pittsburgh,
    PA
    15236
    ABSTRACT
    DOE/NETL
    has
    worked
    with
    industry,
    research
    organizations,
    and
    academia
    to
    develop
    advanced
    mercury
    (Hg)
    control
    technology
    for
    coal-based
    power
    systems.
    Over
    the
    past
    seven
    years,
    this
    research
    has
    focused
    on
    the
    full-scale
    and
    slip-stream
    field
    testing
    of
    activated
    carbon
    injection
    (ACI)
    and
    flue
    gas
    desulfurization
    enhancements
    at
    nearly
    50
    U.S.
    coal-fired
    power
    plants.
    The
    goal
    of
    the
    field
    testing
    was
    to
    demonstrate
    high
    levels
    (50
    to
    90
    percent)
    of
    Hg
    capture
    over
    an
    extended
    period
    of
    operation,
    while
    also
    reducing
    the
    cost
    of
    Hg
    removal.
    The
    field
    testing
    program
    has
    successfully
    met
    this
    goal.
    Due
    in
    large
    part
    to
    this
    success,
    coal-fired
    power
    plant
    operators
    have
    initiated
    commercial
    deployment
    of
    Hg
    control
    technology.
    As
    of
    April
    2008,
    nearly
    90
    full-scale
    ACI
    systems
    have
    been
    ordered
    by
    U.S.
    coal-fired
    power
    generators,
    accounting
    for
    over
    44
    gigawatts
    of
    coal-fired
    electric
    generating
    capacity.
    This
    paper
    will
    provide
    an
    update
    on
    DOEINETL’s
    Hg
    control
    technology
    R&D
    program,
    including
    an
    assessment
    of
    the
    cost
    of
    capture.
    INTRODUCTION
    Since
    first
    being
    identified
    for
    potential
    regulation
    in
    the
    1990
    Clean
    Air
    Act
    Amendments,
    there
    has
    been
    concern
    within
    the
    industry
    whether
    it
    would
    be
    possible
    to
    develop
    cost-effective
    emission
    control
    technologies
    for
    mercury
    (Hg)
    because
    of
    its
    low
    concentration
    and
    reactivity
    during
    coal
    combustion.
    However,
    while
    technical
    issues
    remain,
    the
    U.S.
    Department
    of
    Energy’s
    National
    Energy
    Technology
    Laboratory
    (NETL)
    has
    been
    successful,
    through
    public-
    private
    partnerships,
    in
    significantly
    improving
    both
    the
    cost
    and
    performance
    of
    Hg
    control
    technology.
    Under
    the
    Office
    of
    Fossil
    Energy’s
    Innovations
    for
    Existing
    Plants
    (IEP)
    Program,
    NETL
    has
    carried
    out
    a
    comprehensive
    Hg
    research
    and
    development
    (R&D)
    program
    for
    coal-fired
    power
    generation
    facilities
    since
    the
    mid-
    1
    990s.’
    Working
    collaboratively
    with
    the
    U.S.
    Environmental
    Protection
    Agency
    (EPA),
    the
    Electric
    Power
    Research
    Institute
    (EPRI),
    the
    University
    of
    North
    Dakota
    Energy
    and
    Environmental
    Research
    Center,
    power
    plant
    operators,
    state
    and
    local
    agencies,
    and
    a
    host
    of
    research
    organizations
    and
    academic
    institutions,
    the
    JEP
    Program
    has
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    fostered
    the
    development
    of
    reliable
    measurement
    techniques
    for
    the
    different
    chemical
    forms
    of
    Hg.
    And
    through
    sampling
    and
    data
    analysis,
    identified
    the
    primary
    factors
    that
    affect
    Hg
    speciation
    and
    capture
    in
    coal
    combustion
    flue
    gas,
    ultimately
    leading
    to
    the
    development
    of
    cost-effective
    Hg
    control
    technologies.
    Analysis
    of
    flue
    gas
    samples
    has
    revealed
    that
    the
    trace
    amount
    of
    Hg
    present
    in
    coal
    is
    volatilized
    during
    combustion
    and
    converted
    to
    gaseous
    elemental
    mercury
    (Hg°).
    Subsequent
    cooling
    of
    the
    flue
    gas
    and
    interaction
    of
    Hg°
    with
    other
    flue
    gas
    constituents,
    such
    as
    chlorine
    and
    unburned
    carbon,
    result
    in
    a
    portion
    of
    the
    Hg°
    being
    converted
    to
    gaseous
    oxidized
    forms
    of
    mercury
    (Hg
    24
    )
    and
    particulate-bound
    mercury
    (Hgp).
    2
    As
    a
    result,
    coal
    combustion
    flue
    gas
    contains
    varying
    percentages
    of
    Hgp,
    Hg
    2
    ,
    and
    Hg°
    and
    the
    exact
    speciation
    has
    a
    profound
    effect
    on
    the
    Hg
    capture
    efficiency
    of
    existing
    air
    pollution
    control
    device
    (APCD)
    configurations,
    which
    has
    been
    found
    to
    range
    from
    0
    to
    over
    90
    percent.
    3
    The
    Hgp
    fraction
    is
    typically
    removed
    by
    a
    particulate
    control
    device
    such
    as
    an
    electrostatic
    precipitator
    (ESP)
    or
    fabric
    filter
    (FF).
    The
    Hg
    2
    portion
    is
    water-soluble
    and
    therefore
    a
    relatively
    high
    percent
    can
    be
    captured
    in
    wet
    flue
    gas
    desulfurization
    (FGD)
    systems,
    while
    the
    Hg°
    fraction
    is
    generally
    not
    captured
    by
    existing
    APCD.
    In
    addition,
    operation
    of
    a
    selective
    catalytic
    reduction
    system
    has
    been
    shown
    to
    promote
    Hg°
    oxidation
    and
    enhance
    Hg
    capture
    across
    a
    downstream
    FGD.
    4
    Generally
    speaking,
    Hg
    speciation
    research
    spearheaded
    by
    NETL
    has
    revealed
    that:
    (1)
    several
    key
    factors
    influence
    Hg
    speciation
    in
    coal
    combustion
    flue
    gas;
    (2)
    Hg
    speciation
    impacts
    the
    level
    of
    Hg
    control
    achieved
    by
    existing
    APCD
    configurations;
    and
    (3)
    “co-benefit”
    Hg
    capture
    across
    existing
    APCD
    configurations
    can
    be
    enhanced.
    EXPERIMENTAL
    METHOD
    This
    knowledge
    was
    subsequently
    funneled
    into
    the
    development
    of
    a
    suite
    of
    Hg
    control
    technologies
    for
    the
    diverse
    fleet
    of
    U.S.
    coal-fired
    power
    plants.
    NETL
    initiated
    an
    R&D
    program
    in
    the
    mid-I
    990s
    directed
    at
    two
    general
    approaches
    for
    controlling
    Hg
    --
    (1)
    Hg-
    specific
    control
    technology
    such
    as
    sorbent
    injection
    and
    (2)
    Hg°
    oxidation
    concepts
    that
    maximize
    co-benefit
    removal
    of
    Hg
    2
    in
    wet
    FGD
    systems.
    In
    2000,
    following
    laboratory
    through
    pilot-scale
    development
    of
    these
    approaches,
    NETL
    launched
    a
    three-phase
    field
    testing
    program.
    This
    program
    called
    for
    the
    installation
    and
    full-scale
    and
    slip-stream
    testing
    of
    the
    most
    promising
    Hg
    control
    technologies
    at
    operating
    coal-fired
    power
    plants.
    The
    initial
    field
    testing
    (Phase
    I)
    focused
    on
    untreated
    activated
    carbon
    injection
    (ACI)
    and
    improving
    the
    capture
    of
    Hg
    across
    wet
    FGD
    systems,
    while
    Phase
    II,
    which
    began
    in
    2003,
    was
    expanded
    to
    include
    longer-term,
    full-scale
    field
    testing
    of
    chemically-treated
    Ad,
    sorbent
    enhancement
    additives
    (SEA),
    and
    sorbent-based
    technologies
    designed
    to
    preserve
    fly
    ash
    quality.
    Phase
    II
    also
    included
    evaluations
    of
    chemical
    additives
    and
    Hg°
    oxidation
    catalysts
    designed
    to
    enhance
    FGD
    Hg
    capture.
    The
    goal
    of
    Phases
    I
    and
    II
    was
    to
    develop
    Hg
    control
    technologies
    (available
    for
    commercial
    demonstration
    by
    year-end
    2007
    for
    all
    coal
    ranks)
    that
    could
    achieve
    50
    to
    70
    percent
    Hg
    capture
    at
    costs
    25
    to
    50
    percent
    less
    than
    the
    baseline
    (1999)
    estimate
    of
    about
    $60,000
    per
    pound
    of
    Hg
    removed
    ($/lb
    Hg
    removed).
    2
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Although
    30-day
    long-term
    tests
    were
    conducted
    in
    Phase
    II,
    the
    test
    period
    was
    not
    sufficient
    to
    answer
    many
    fundamental
    questions
    about
    long-term
    consistency
    of
    Hg
    removal
    and
    reliability
    of
    the
    system
    when
    integrated
    with
    plant
    processes.
    To
    assess
    potential
    balance-of-plant
    impacts
    associated
    with
    continuously
    operating
    a
    Hg-specific
    control
    technology
    for
    several
    months
    to
    years,
    NETL
    awarded
    nine
    new
    projects
    in
    2006
    to
    conduct
    Hg
    control
    tests
    of
    mature
    technologies
    at
    full-scale
    coal-fired
    units
    and
    novel
    concepts
    in
    the
    laboratory.
    The
    Phase
    III
    projects
    support
    the
    IEP
    Program’s
    longer-term
    goal
    of
    developing
    advanced
    Hg
    control
    technologies
    (available
    for
    commercial
    demonstration
    by
    2010)
    that
    could
    achieve
    at
    least
    90
    percent
    capture
    at
    costs
    50
    to 75
    percent
    less
    than
    $60,000/lb
    Hg
    removed.
    RESULTS AND
    DISCUSSION
    Over
    the
    past
    seven
    years,
    the
    JEP
    Program
    has
    managed
    full-scale
    field
    tests
    of
    Hg
    control
    technologies
    at
    nearly
    50
    U.S.
    coal-fired
    power
    plants.
    The
    flexibility
    of
    the
    IEP
    Program
    allowed
    NETL
    to
    quickly
    incorporate
    insights
    and
    lessons
    learned
    from
    its
    partners
    into
    the
    development
    of
    advanced
    Hg
    control
    technologies
    tailored
    to
    specific
    areas
    of
    need.
    For
    instance,
    a
    determination
    that
    chlorine
    released
    during
    coal
    combustion
    promotes
    Hg
    oxidation
    in
    flue
    gas
    led
    to
    field
    testing
    of
    technologies
    designed
    to
    provide
    a
    halogen
    “boost”
    for
    coals,
    such
    as
    subbituminous
    and
    lignite,
    that
    tend
    to
    contain
    low
    levels
    of
    chlorine.
    NETL
    has
    observed
    a
    step-change
    improvement
    in
    both
    the
    cost
    and
    performance
    of
    Hg
    control
    during
    full-
    scale
    field
    tests
    of
    chemically-treated
    ACT
    upstream
    of
    a
    particulate
    control
    device,
    and
    coal
    treatment
    with
    an
    aqueous
    calcium
    bromide
    (CaBr
    2
    )
    solution
    at
    plants
    equipped
    with
    a
    wet
    FGD
    system.
    Chemically-treated
    Sorbent
    Injection
    The
    development,
    and
    subsequent
    field
    testing,
    of
    chemically-treated
    ACI
    represents
    a
    concerted
    effort
    to
    enhance
    Hg
    capture
    at
    units
    firing
    low-rank
    coal
    after
    Phase
    I
    results
    at
    We
    Energies’
    Powder
    River
    Basin
    (PRB)
    subbituminous
    coal-fired
    Pleasant
    Prairie
    Unit
    2
    showed
    total
    Hg
    removal
    via
    untreated
    ACI
    was
    limited
    to
    about
    65
    percent.
    5
    Figure
    1
    provides
    a
    comparison
    of
    untreated
    and
    chemically-treated
    ACT
    performance
    at
    three
    of
    NETL’s
    Phase
    II
    field
    testing
    sites:
    (1)
    Great
    River
    Energy’s
    Stanton
    Station
    Unit
    10
    (lignite/FF);
    (2)
    Basin
    Electric’s
    Leland
    Olds
    Station
    Unit
    1
    (lignite/ESP);
    and
    (3)
    Stanton
    Station
    Unit
    1
    (PRBIESP).
    These
    parametric
    data
    curves
    illustrate
    the
    improved
    Hg
    capture
    efficiency
    of
    chemically-treated
    sorbents
    at
    power
    plants
    burning
    lower-rank
    coals
    as
    high
    levels
    of
    Hg
    capture
    are
    attainable
    at
    relatively
    low
    injection
    rates.
    In
    fact,
    the
    treated
    sorbents
    achieved
    at
    least
    90
    percent
    total
    Hg
    capture
    at
    an
    injection
    rate
    of
    3
    pounds
    per
    million
    actual
    cubic
    feet
    (lb/MMacf)
    of
    flue
    gas
    or
    less
    at
    these
    Phase
    II
    field
    testing
    sites.
    3
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Figure
    1:
    Comparison
    of
    Untreated
    and
    Chemically-treated
    ACt
    Performance
    at
    Facilities
    Burning
    Lower-
    Rank
    Coals
    ACI
    Rate
    (IbIMMacf)
    An
    NETL
    economic
    analysis
    6
    released
    in
    May
    2007
    indicates
    that
    the
    high
    Hg
    capture
    efficiency
    of
    chemically-treated
    sorbents
    has
    drastically
    reduced
    the
    estimated
    cost
    of
    Hg
    control
    due
    to
    a
    reduction
    in
    the
    injection
    rate
    required
    to
    achieve
    a
    given
    level
    of
    control,
    which
    offsets
    the
    higher
    cost
    of
    these
    treated
    sorbents.
    As
    shown
    in
    Figure
    2,
    the
    20-year
    (current
    dollar)
    levelized
    incremental
    cost
    of
    90
    percent
    ACI
    Hg
    control
    ranges
    from
    about
    $30,000
    to
    less
    than
    $1
    0,000/lb
    Hg
    removed
    for
    seven
    of
    NETL’s
    Phase
    II
    field
    testing
    sites
    where
    chemically-treated
    ACI
    was
    evaluated.
    These
    results
    point
    to
    the
    fact
    that
    NETL
    has
    surpassed
    the
    Hg
    control
    cost
    goal
    set
    forth
    by
    the
    IEP
    Program.
    FIgure
    2:
    20-Year
    LevelLzed
    Incremental
    Cost
    of
    90%
    Hg
    Control
    with
    Chemically-treated
    ACI
    I
    ,-..
    80
    E
    I
    LigniteIFF
    -
    Treated
    ACI
    (>
    LignitelFF
    -
    Untreated
    ACI
    A
    LigniteIESP
    -
    Treated
    ACI
    Lignite!ESP
    -
    Untreated
    ACI
    PRBIESP
    -Treated
    ACI
    []PRBIESP
    -
    Untreated
    ACI
    Holconib
    Day.
    Johnston
    L.and
    Olds
    Meramec
    St.
    Cair
    Stanton
    #1
    Portland
    PRB/FF
    PRB/ESP
    LigniteJESP
    PRBIESP
    PRB-t
    bIenWESP
    PRB/ESP
    BitIESP
    DARC0
    Hg-LH
    Mer-Oea&’
    8
    Mer-CIeari”
    8
    DARCO
    Hg-LH
    B-PAC
    8-PAC”
    Mer.CIean”
    8-21
    4
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Technical
    Issues
    Associated
    with Sorbent
    Injection
    While
    the
    advent
    of
    chemically-treated ACT
    has yielded improvements
    in
    Hg
    control cost
    and
    performance,
    technical
    uncertainties remain.
    The
    following issues,
    if resolved,
    will further
    enhance the
    efficiency, economics,
    applicability,
    and
    reliability
    of sorbent-based Hg
    control
    technologies.
    Fly Ash
    Impacts
    The typical ACI system
    is
    located upstream of
    a
    particulate
    control device
    to enable
    simultaneous
    capture
    of the
    spent sorbent
    and
    fly
    ash. This Hg control
    strategy leads to
    commingling of the
    sorbent and
    fly ash
    that
    can
    prohibit
    certain
    fly ash recycling
    efforts. One of
    the
    highest-value reuse
    applications
    for
    fly
    ash
    is
    as a
    substitute
    for Portland cement
    in concrete
    production.
    7
    The
    utilization of fly ash in
    concrete production
    is
    particularly
    sensitive to carbon
    content
    as well
    as the
    surface area of the
    carbon present in the
    fly
    ash.
    Accordingly, NETL’s
    Hg
    control technology
    portfolio
    includes alternative
    sorbent injection
    technologies
    designed to
    minimize
    fly
    ash carbon
    contamination caused
    by ACI upstream
    of a
    particulate control
    device.
    TOXECONTM
    Configuration
    The toxic emissions
    control
    (TOXECON
    TM
    )
    configuration,
    developed
    by
    EPRI, will
    not impact
    fly
    ash utilization
    since the ash is removed
    by an
    ESP
    upstream
    of
    the
    sorbent
    injection location,
    while the
    spent
    sorbent
    is captured by a downstream
    FF.
    TOXECONTM
    was selected for
    a
    first-
    of-a-kind
    commercial
    Hg
    control
    technology
    demonstration
    at
    We
    Energies’ Presque Isle
    Power
    Plant in
    Marquette,
    Michigan,
    under
    DOE’s
    Clean
    Coal Power Initiative.
    Operational
    since
    2006,
    the
    TOXECONTM
    configuration
    maintained greater
    than 90 percent total
    Hg
    removal
    for
    48
    consecutive days.
    Sorbent
    injection
    rates of about 1.7
    and 1.2
    lb/MMacfare required
    to achieve
    at
    least
    90
    percent
    total Hg
    removal with untreated
    DARCO® Hg
    and
    brominated DARCO®
    Hg
    LH,
    respectively.
    8
    TOXECON
    IP Configuration
    EPRI’s TOXECON
    IFM
    technology injects sorbents
    directly
    into
    the
    downstream
    collecting
    field(s)
    of an
    ESP. Since
    the
    majority of fly
    ash
    (-90
    percent)
    is collected
    in the upstream ESP
    fields,
    only a
    small
    portion of the
    total
    collected
    ash
    contains
    spent sorbent. During
    full-scale
    TOXECON
    IITM
    testing
    at
    Entergy’s
    PRB-fired
    Independence
    Station Unit 1, DARCO®
    Hg-LH
    injection
    at 5.5
    lb/MMacf
    achieved
    90 percent
    total Hg
    removal.
    9
    A remaining
    concern with
    any
    Hg
    control
    strategy
    involving
    sorbent
    injection,
    particularly
    the
    TOXECON
    IITM
    configuration
    that
    limits
    ESP
    residence time,
    is
    the
    potential for increased
    particulate
    emissions that
    could
    trigger New
    Source Review requirements.
    “Ash-friendly”
    Sorbents
    Activated
    carbon
    sorbents
    passivated during production
    could
    potentially allow
    coal-fired power
    generators
    to
    continue
    marketing
    fly ash commingled
    with the spent sorbent
    as a suitable
    replacement for Portland
    cement
    in concrete. Sorbent Technologies
    conducted
    a 30-day long
    terni
    evaluation
    of their brominated,
    “concrete-friendly”
    CPACTM
    sorbent at Midwest
    Generation’s
    PRB-fired Crawford
    Station
    Unit
    7.’°
    Total Hg removal
    averaged
    81
    percent
    with
    CPACTM
    injection upstream of
    the
    ESP
    at about
    4.6
    lb/MMacf.
    5
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    More
    recently,
    a
    high-temperature
    version
    of
    CPACTM
    was tested at Midwest
    Generation’s
    PRB-fired
    Will County Unit 3, which
    is equipped with a hot-side
    ESP.” During a six-day
    continuous
    test, Hg removal ranged
    from
    about
    60
    to
    73 percent with
    CPACTM
    injection
    at 5
    lb/MMacf. Most importantly, preliminary results indicate that
    fly ash collected during
    CPACTM
    injection at these sites
    remains suitable
    for reuse in concrete
    production.
    During Phase
    III
    testing
    at Lower Colorado River Authority’s
    PRB-fired Fayette
    Unit 3,
    ALSTOM
    evaluated three sorbents (eSorb
    TM 11,
    eSorb’ 13, and
    eSorbTM
    18) designed by
    Envergex to preserve fly ash quality.’2Results
    indicate that
    fly ash remains
    marketable with
    eSorbTM
    13 at about 0.5 lbfMMacf
    (‘--85
    percent ACI
    Hg capture).
    Sulfur Trioxide
    Interference
    Field testing has
    shown that sulfur trioxide
    )
    3
    (SO in the flue gas, even at low
    concentrations, can
    impede
    the performance of Ad. It appears that
    3
    SO competes with
    Hg for adsorption sites on
    the
    sorbent surface thereby limiting
    its
    performance.
    13
    During
    Phase II
    field testing
    at AEP’s high-sulfur (3 to 4 percent)
    bituminous-fired Conesville
    Station
    Unit 6, total
    H
    removal was limited to approximately
    30 percent with chemically-treated
    ACI
    at 12
    lb/MMacf)
    Consequently, a long-term field test was
    not conducted at this unit;
    instead, NETL
    funding
    was used to evaluate the impact of
    SO
    3 flue gas conditioning (FGC)
    on
    ACI performance at
    AmerenUE’s PRB-fired Labadie
    Station Unit 2.’ As shown
    in Figure 3,
    turning the SO
    3
    FGC
    system
    off at Labadie increased
    total Hg removal from about
    50 to
    80
    percent with DARCO Hg-LH injection at 8 lbIMMacf.
    Greater than 90 percent Hg removal
    was
    observed
    with
    no
    SO
    3
    injection and
    DARCOa
    Hg-LH injection
    upstream of
    the
    air
    preheater
    (APH) at about 5 lb/MMacf. The
    performance of
    brominated
    BPACTM
    was also impacted
    by
    SO
    3 FGC at Progress Energy’s
    Lee
    Station Unit
    .‘
    With
    BPACTM
    injection at
    8
    lb/MMacf, Hg
    capture
    increased from 32 to 82 percent when
    SO
    3
    FGC was idled.
    One possible solution to the SO
    3 issue
    is dual
    injection of Hg sorbents
    and alkaline materials.
    This approach
    was
    explored during
    a Phase III field test at Public
    Service of New Hampshire
    Company’s
    Merrimack Station Unit
    2, which utilizes a cyclone-fired
    boiler to burn a blend of
    bituminous coals (‘-‘-1
    percent sulfur)
    and is equipped with a selective
    catalytic
    reduction (SCR)
    system followed
    by two ESPs in 17
    series. During parametric
    testing,
    several Hg sorbents
    were
    evaluated both
    with
    and
    without the injection of magnesium
    oxide
    (MgO)
    or sodium
    sesquicarbonate (trona) — two potential
    3
    SO
    mitigation
    additives. Results indicate that
    trona
    injection
    enhanced ACT performance to
    a greater degree than MgO; however,
    the sodium
    content
    of trona may limit
    fly
    ash recycling
    opportunities.
    Without
    SO
    3 mitigation,
    Hg removal was
    limited to about 22 percent with brominated DARCO Hg-LH
    injection between the two ESPs
    at
    8
    lb/MMacf.
    Untreated DARCO Hg injection at
    8 lbtMMacf, coupled with trona
    injection,
    resulted in
    about 65 percent
    Hg
    removal. During a continuous
    injection test completed
    in
    March
    2008, 50 percent Hg
    removal
    was achieved with trona injection
    upstream of the
    APH at 500 lb/hr
    and DARCO®
    Hg-LH injection between the two ESPs at about 4
    lb/MMacf.
    6
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Figure
    3:
    Impact
    of Flue Gas
    SO
    3
    on ACk
    Performance
    100
    A
    Le(B.Pl15
    ppm
    S03)
    1
    Le(I4-PACMasd&15ppm
    3)
    I
    ACI
    Rat.
    (lbilIIc1)
    Enhancing
    FGD
    Hg
    Capture
    Oxidation
    of
    flue gas
    Hg°
    followed
    by
    absorption
    of
    Hg
    2
    across
    a
    wet FGD
    system
    has the
    potential
    to be
    a reliable
    and
    cost-effective
    Hg
    control
    strategy
    for
    some
    coal-fired
    power
    plants.
    To
    optimize
    Hg
    capture
    across
    FGD
    systems,
    NETL
    is funding
    the
    development
    of
    technologies
    that promote
    Hg°
    oxidation
    in
    coal
    combustion
    flue
    gas: chemical
    additives
    and
    Hg°
    oxidation
    catalysts.
    The
    impact
    of
    combustion
    modifications,
    such
    as
    coal
    rebum,
    on flue
    gas Hg°
    oxidation
    has
    also
    been
    examined
    under
    the
    IEP
    Program.
    18
    In addition,
    DOE/NETL
    field
    tested
    FGD
    additives
    designed
    to suppress
    Hg°
    re-emissions
    across
    the
    scrubber.
    Chemical
    Additives
    The
    ability
    of
    chemical
    additives,
    sprayed
    onto
    the
    coal
    as
    an
    aqueous
    salt solution,
    to promote
    flue
    gas Hg°
    oxidation
    and enhance
    FGD
    Hg
    capture
    has
    been
    evaluated
    during
    NETL
    full-scale
    field
    tests completed
    at
    Minnkota
    Power
    Cooçerative’s
    Milton
    R. Young
    (MRY)
    Unit
    2 and
    Luminant
    Power’s
    Monticello
    Station
    Unit
    3.
    9
    MRY
    Unit 2
    fires ND
    lignite
    coal
    in
    a cyclone
    boiler
    and
    is
    equipped
    with
    an
    ESP and
    wet FGD.
    During
    the
    30-day
    long-term
    test at
    MRY
    Unit
    2, total
    Hg
    capture
    across
    the
    ESP/FGD
    configuration
    ranged
    from
    50 to
    65
    percent
    with
    dual
    injection
    of
    the
    proprietary
    SEA2
    additive
    at
    60-
    100
    p
    per million
    (ppm),
    on
    a dry
    coal basis,
    and
    the
    untreated
    DARCO®
    Hg
    sorbent
    at
    0.15
    lb/MMacf.
    7
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    During
    a
    two-week
    trial conducted
    at
    Monticello Station,
    which
    burns
    a
    50:50
    blend
    of
    PRB
    and
    Texas
    lignite
    coals,
    total Hg
    capture
    across
    the
    ESP/FGD
    configuration
    averaged
    86
    percent
    with
    a
    CaBr
    2
    injection
    rate
    equivalent
    to
    113
    ppm
    Br
    in
    the
    coal.
    Greater
    than
    90 percent
    total
    Hg
    capture
    was
    observed
    during
    a short-term
    test
    with
    a CaBr
    2
    injection rate equivalent
    to
    330
    ppm
    Br in
    the
    coal.
    Hg°
    Oxidation
    Catalysts
    The
    ability
    of
    fixed-bed
    catalysts
    to
    promote
    flue
    gas
    Hg°
    oxidation
    has
    been
    evaluated
    at
    pilot-
    scale,
    and
    a two-year,
    full-scale
    field
    test of
    a gold-based
    catalyst
    began
    in May
    2008
    at
    Lower
    Colorado
    River
    Authority’s Fayette
    Unit
    3•20
    The
    catalysts
    are
    designed
    for
    installation
    downstream
    of an
    ESP
    or
    FF,
    to:
    (1) minimize
    fly
    ash
    deposition
    on
    the catalysts;
    (2)
    prevent
    or
    minimize
    catalyst
    erosion;
    and
    (3)
    ensure
    a
    low
    flue
    gas temperature
    and
    flow
    rate,
    which
    reduces
    the
    catalyst
    space
    velocity
    and
    minimizes
    the
    volume
    of
    catalyst
    required.
    During
    pilot-scale
    testing
    at
    Great
    River
    Energy’s
    North
    Dakota
    (ND)
    lignite-fired Coal
    Creek
    Station,
    about
    67
    percent
    Hg°
    oxidation
    was
    measured
    across
    a
    palladium-based
    (Pd#
    I)
    catalyst,
    after
    20
    months
    of
    operation.
    Following
    thermal
    regeneration,
    Hg°
    oxidation
    across
    the
    Pd#
    I
    catalyst
    increased
    from
    67 to
    88
    percent
    (near
    the
    95
    percent
    activity
    of
    the
    fresh
    catalyst).
    Meanwhile,
    nearly
    80
    percent
    total
    Hg
    capture
    was
    observed across
    the
    pilot-scale
    wet
    FGD,
    with
    84
    percent
    Hg
    2
    at
    the
    FGD
    inlet.
    At
    Luminant
    Power’s
    Monticello
    Station,
    severe
    fly
    ash
    buildup
    was
    observed
    on
    the
    catalyst
    surfaces,
    likely
    caused
    by frequent
    pilot
    unit outages
    during
    the
    test campaign.
    Following
    catalyst
    cleaning,
    Hg°
    oxidation
    was
    approximately
    72
    percent
    across
    the regenerated Pd#
    1
    catalyst
    (transferred
    from
    Coal
    Creek)
    and
    66 percent
    across
    a
    gold-based
    catalyst,
    after
    about
    20
    months
    of pilot-scale
    operation.
    Total
    Hg
    capture
    across
    a
    pilot-scale
    wet
    FGD
    ranged
    from
    76
    to
    87
    percent,
    compared
    to
    only
    36
    percent
    removal
    under
    baseline
    conditions.
    This
    equates
    to
    about
    70
    percent
    incremental Hg
    capture
    due
    to the
    catalysts.
    Addressing
    Hg°
    Re-emissions
    across
    FGD
    Systems
    NETL
    has
    also conducted
    pilot-
    and
    full-scale
    field
    tests
    of wet
    FGD
    additives
    designed
    to
    limit
    Hg°
    re-emissions
    through
    the
    formation
    of
    insoluble
    salts with
    Hg
    2
    .
    2
    Originally
    thought
    to
    be a
    sampling
    artifact,
    Hg°
    re-emissions
    have
    been
    observed
    at
    several
    coal-fired
    units
    and
    occur
    when
    Hg
    2
    captured
    by
    a
    wet
    FGD
    is
    chemically-reduced
    within
    the
    vessel
    and
    re-emitted
    as
    Hg°.
    The
    effectiveness
    of Degussa
    Corporation’s
    TMT-
    15
    additive
    in
    suppressing
    Hg°
    re-emissions
    was
    inconclusive
    at
    pilot-scale
    due
    to:
    (1)
    the absence
    of re-emissions, even
    without
    chemical
    addition,
    at Monticello
    Station;
    and
    (2)
    Hg
    measurement
    issues
    at Southern Company’s
    bituminous-fired
    Plant
    Yates.
    However,
    TMT-15
    had
    the
    anticipated
    impact
    on FGD
    by-products
    as the
    FGD
    liquor
    Hg concentrations
    were
    significantly
    reduced
    during
    both tests.
    During
    a full-
    scale
    field
    test
    at
    Indianapolis
    Power
    & Light’s
    Petersburg
    Station,
    which
    burns
    high-sulfur
    bituminous
    coal,
    a
    modest
    decline
    in
    Hg°
    emissions
    was
    observed
    during
    an
    eight-day
    TMT-
    15
    injection
    test,
    but
    the additive
    did
    not impact
    the
    partitioning
    of
    Hg in
    FGD
    by-products
    at
    this
    8
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    site.
    Meanwhile,
    full-scale
    results obtained
    during
    a 30-day
    evaluation
    of Nalco Company’s
    8034
    additive
    at
    Plant
    Yates
    were
    confounded
    by
    low baseline
    Hg°
    re-emission
    levels.
    A
    third
    wet
    FGD
    additive,
    Babcock
    &
    Wilcox’s
    Absorption
    Plus(Hg)TM,
    was
    evaluated
    at E.ON
    America’s
    high-sulfur
    bituminous-fired
    Mill
    Creek
    Station after
    parametric
    trials
    revealed
    that
    untreated
    ACI had
    little, if any,
    impact
    on Hg
    removal?
    2
    During
    long-term
    testing, total
    Hg
    removal
    averaged
    about
    92 percent
    with
    the addition
    of Absorption
    Plus(Hg)TM.
    Note
    that over
    80 percent
    total
    Hg
    removal
    was observed
    under
    baseline
    conditions.
    Novel Hg
    Control
    Concepts
    Innovative
    techniques
    for
    Hg
    control
    that
    could
    eventually
    replace and/or
    augment
    the
    more
    mature
    technologies
    previously
    discussed
    are
    also
    being
    explored
    under the
    IEP
    Program.
    The
    following
    is
    a brief discussion
    of these
    NETL-funded
    efforts.
    MerCAPFM
    The
    Hg
    control
    via
    adsorption
    process
    (MerCAP
    TM
    )
    relies
    on fixed structure
    sorbents
    positioned
    in the flue gas
    stream
    to adsorb
    Hg and
    then,
    as
    the
    sorbent
    becomes
    saturated,
    regenerate
    the
    sorbent
    and
    recover the
    H.
    An
    initial
    retrofit
    application
    of the
    MerCAPTM
    technology
    is
    for
    “polishing”
    control
    of
    Hg
    downstream
    of FGD
    systems.
    During
    two six-month
    extended
    pilot-
    scale
    tests, the
    performance
    of gold-coated
    MerCAPTM
    plates was
    evaluated
    downstream
    of
    a:
    (1) spray
    dryer
    adsorber
    and
    fabric
    filter
    (SDAJFF)
    configuration
    at
    Great River
    Energy’s
    Stanton
    Station
    Unit
    10; and (2)
    wet FGD
    system
    at Plant
    Yates
    Unit 1
    23
    After
    more than
    6,000
    hours
    of
    continuous
    operation
    at Stanton
    Station,
    Hg removal
    averaged
    30
    to 35
    percent
    across the
    acid-treated
    MerCAP
    plates
    and 10
    to 30 percent
    across
    the
    untreated
    plates.
    Testing
    also revealed
    that regeneration
    via
    acid
    treatment
    and tighter
    plate
    spacing
    (1/2
    inch vs.
    1-inch)
    improved
    the Hg capture
    efficiency
    of
    the
    MerCAPTM
    technology.
    At Plant
    Yates, Hg
    removal
    decreased
    from
    15 to
    3
    percent
    during
    the first
    three days
    of pilot-scale
    MerCAPTM
    operation.
    It was
    believed
    that
    limestone
    slurry
    carryover
    from the
    FGD
    system was
    inhibiting
    Hg reactions.
    Subsequent
    use of a
    water
    wash
    system
    for the
    plates
    was able
    to restore
    Hg
    removal
    to 15 percent.
    Low
    Temperature
    Mercury
    Capture
    Process
    Full-scale
    testing
    of the
    Low
    Temperature
    Mercury
    Capture
    (LTMC)
    process will
    be
    conducted
    at a
    bituminous
    coal-fired
    power plant
    that is
    equipped
    with
    a CS-ESP.
    LTMC has
    the ability
    to
    reduce
    Hg emissions
    by over
    90 percent,
    as
    was
    recently
    shown
    on a slip-stream
    pilot
    plant at
    Allegheny
    Power’s
    Mitchell
    Station. The
    LTMC
    process
    controls
    Hg
    by
    cooling
    the flue gas
    temperature
    to
    about 220°F,
    which
    promotes
    Hg adsorption
    on
    the
    unburned carbon
    inherent in
    fly
    ash. To
    avoid corrosion
    at the
    low-temperature
    conditions,
    the SO
    3
    concentration
    will
    be
    controlled
    through
    magnesium
    hydroxide
    slurry
    injection.
    The project
    will also
    demonstrate
    that
    water spray
    humidification
    can maintain
    ESP
    performance
    under
    low-SO
    3
    conditions.
    A
    two
    month test
    will be
    conducted
    to
    evaluate
    long-term
    performance
    and
    any potential
    balance-of
    plant
    impacts.
    9
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Sorbents Produced
    On-Site
    A
    new
    Hg
    control
    technology
    that
    relies
    on sorbents
    produced
    from
    coal
    in
    a gasification
    process
    in-situ
    at
    the
    power
    plant
    is
    also
    being
    explored.
    24
    Pilot-scale
    testing
    will attempt
    to
    optimize
    the
    gasification
    process
    to
    maximize
    sorbent
    reactivity
    while
    minimizing
    the
    cost
    of
    sorbent
    production.
    Optimization
    will
    be
    conducted
    with
    respect
    to (1)
    coal
    type,
    (2)
    parameters
    of the
    gasification
    process,
    and
    (3)
    sorbent
    injection
    rate
    required
    to achieve
    at least
    70
    percent
    Hg
    removal.
    Among
    parameters
    of
    the
    gasification
    process
    to be
    optimized
    are:
    composition
    of
    solid
    fuel/air
    mixture
    in
    the gasifier;
    gasifier
    temperature;
    and
    mixture
    residence
    time
    in the
    gasifier.
    Work
    will
    also
    evaluate
    the stability
    of
    Hg
    captured
    by
    the
    sorbent
    and
    effect
    of the
    sorbent
    on
    fly
    ash salability.
    Preliminary results
    indicate
    that
    surface
    area
    of
    the
    partially
    gasified
    coal
    is
    affected
    by
    conditions
    in
    the gasification
    zone,
    optimal
    conditions
    in the
    gasification
    zone
    are
    dependent
    on
    coal
    properties.
    The
    highest
    sorbent
    surface
    area
    produced
    to
    date
    was
    383
    m
    2
    /g.
    Further,
    analysis
    of
    sorbent
    samples
    kept
    in
    storage
    for
    up
    to
    40 days
    suggests
    that sorbent
    surface
    area
    is
    not
    affected
    by
    shelf
    life.
    Final
    optimization
    of
    Hg
    removal
    will
    be
    conducted
    in
    2008.
    Pre-combustion Thermal
    Treatment
    A novel
    process
    to
    achieve
    pre-combustion
    Hg removal
    from
    raw
    coal
    via dual
    stage
    thermal
    treatment
    is
    also being
    evaluated.
    25
    In
    the
    first stage,
    the
    moisture
    in the
    fuel
    is
    driven-off,
    in
    the
    second
    stage,
    coal
    is heated
    by
    nearly
    inert
    gas
    resulting
    in
    significant
    removal
    of
    coal-bound
    Hg.
    Bench-scale
    testing
    has
    revealed
    the
    percentage
    of
    Hg
    released
    from
    the
    coals
    varied
    from
    50
    to 87
    percent,
    depending
    on residence
    time.
    In
    addition,
    initial
    results
    from
    a
    fixed-bed
    test
    unit
    indicate
    that
    high
    temperature
    sorbents
    will
    be
    available
    to
    remove
    Hg
    from
    the
    process
    recycle
    sweep
    gas in
    the temperature
    range
    of
    550
    to 600°F.
    Pilot-scale
    testing
    (100
    lblhr)
    is
    currently
    being
    conducted
    to assess
    and
    scale-up
    results
    from
    the
    bench-scale
    tests.
    The
    pilot
    unit
    will
    examine
    two different
    Hg
    removal
    configurations:
    a
    vibratory
    fluid
    bed,
    and
    a
    proprietary
    vertical
    reactor.
    NETL
    In-house
    Development
    of
    Novel
    Control
    Technologies
    After
    studying
    numerous
    sorbents
    for
    Hg
    capture
    in
    simulated
    coal-derived
    gases,
    scientists
    at
    NETL
    discovered
    and
    patented
    three
    trace metal
    capture
    technologies
    that
    are
    now
    licensed
    and
    in
    commercial
    demonstration.
    The Thief
    process,
    licensed
    to
    Nalco-Mobotec
    USA,
    is
    a cost-
    effective
    method
    to produce
    sorbent
    in
    situ
    by
    extracting
    partially
    combusted
    coal
    from
    the
    furnace,
    which
    is
    subsequently injected
    downstream
    into
    the
    flue
    gas
    as an
    alternative
    to
    conventional
    Ad.
    The
    cost
    for producing
    Thief
    carbon
    sorbents
    ranges
    from
    $90
    to
    $200
    per
    ton. The
    Photochemical
    Oxidation
    (PCO)
    process,
    licensed
    to
    Powerspan
    Corporation,
    introduces
    a
    254-nm
    ultraviolet
    light
    into
    the
    flue
    gas,
    leading
    to enhanced
    Hg
    oxidation
    and
    capture.
    NETL
    researchers
    received
    the
    2005
    Award
    for Excellence
    in
    Technology
    Transfer
    from the
    Federal
    Laboratory
    Consortium (FLC)
    for
    the
    PCO
    method.
    10
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Recognizing
    the
    need
    for
    a
    low-cost
    technique
    to
    remove
    Hg
    from
    coal-based
    Integrated
    Gasification
    Combined
    Cycle
    power
    plants,
    NETL
    researchers
    have
    invented
    a
    new
    palladium
    (Pd)
    based
    sorbent
    that
    works
    on
    fuel
    gas
    at
    elevated
    temperatures.
    Unlike
    conventional
    sorbents
    such
    as
    activated
    carbon,
    which
    operate
    at
    lower
    temperature,
    high
    temperature
    Pd
    sorbents
    remove
    Hg
    and
    arsenic
    at
    temperatures
    above
    500°F,
    and
    have
    more
    than
    twice
    the
    capacity
    of
    previously
    existing
    sorbents,
    resulting
    in
    a
    major
    improvement
    in
    overall
    energy
    efficiency
    of
    the
    power
    combustion
    process.
    NETL
    researchers
    received
    the
    2008
    Award
    for
    Excellence
    in
    Technology
    Transfer
    from
    the
    FLC
    for
    developing
    the
    Pd-based
    Hg
    sorbents
    licensed
    to
    Johnson
    Matthey.
    SUMMARY
    Insight
    into
    the
    factors
    that
    can
    influence
    Hg
    speciation
    and
    capture
    in
    coal
    combustion
    flue
    gas
    has
    allowed
    NETL
    to
    prioritize
    the
    search
    for
    reliable
    and
    cost-effective
    Hg
    control
    strategies.
    A
    determination
    that
    chlorine
    released
    during
    coal
    combustion
    promotes
    Hg°
    oxidation
    in
    flue
    gas
    led
    to
    field
    testing
    of
    technologies
    designed
    to
    provide
    a
    halogen
    “boost”
    for
    coals,
    such
    as
    subbituminous
    and
    lignite,
    that
    tend
    to
    contain
    low
    levels
    of
    chlorine.
    NETL
    has
    observed
    a
    step-
    change
    improvement
    in
    both
    the
    cost
    and
    performance
    of
    Hg
    control
    during
    full-scale
    field
    tests
    with
    chemically-treated
    ACI
    and
    CaBr
    2
    coal
    treatment.
    The
    improved
    Hg
    capture
    efficiency
    of
    these
    advanced
    control
    technologies
    has
    allowed
    NETLto
    satisfy
    the
    cost
    and
    performance
    goals
    set
    forth
    by
    the
    IEP
    Program.
    Although
    the
    Federal
    regulatory
    structure
    for
    Hg
    emissions
    from
    coal-fired
    power
    plants
    is
    once
    again
    uncertain
    following
    the
    vacatur
    of
    EPA’s
    Clean
    Air
    Mercury
    Rule
    on
    February
    8,
    2008,26
    NETL’s
    field
    testing
    program
    has
    successfully
    brought
    Hg
    control
    technologies
    to
    the
    point
    of
    commercial-deployment
    readiness.
    As
    of
    April
    2008,
    nearly
    90
    full-scale
    ACI
    systems,
    a
    signature
    technology
    of
    the
    IEP
    Program,
    have
    been
    ordered
    by
    U.S.
    coal-fired
    power
    generators?
    7
    These
    contracts
    represent
    over
    44
    gigawatts
    (GW)
    of
    coal-fired
    electric
    generating
    capacity.
    This
    includes
    approximately
    33
    GW
    of
    existing
    capacity
    (—10
    percent
    of
    total
    U.S.
    coal-fired
    capacity).
    The
    ACI
    systems
    have
    the
    potential
    to
    remove
    more
    than
    90
    percent
    of
    the
    Hg
    in
    many
    applications
    based
    on
    results
    from
    NEll’s
    field
    testing
    program,
    at
    a
    cost
    estimated
    to
    dip
    below
    $1
    0,000/lb
    Hg
    removed.
    However,
    while
    the
    results
    achieved
    during
    NETL’
    s
    field
    tests
    met
    or
    exceeded
    program
    goals,
    only
    through
    experience
    gained
    during
    long-
    term
    continuous
    operation
    of
    these
    advanced
    technologies
    in
    a
    range
    of
    full-scale
    commercial
    applications
    will
    their
    actual
    costs
    and
    performance
    be
    determined.
    ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
    This
    report
    would
    not
    have
    been
    possible
    without
    the
    efforts
    of
    NETL
    project
    managers
    and
    researchers
    who
    provided
    valuable
    technical
    input.
    The
    authors
    would
    like
    to
    acknowledge
    the
    contributions
    of
    Charles
    Miller,
    Bruce
    Lani,
    Sara
    Pletcher,
    Pierina
    Noceti,
    Barbara
    Carney,
    William
    Aljoe,
    Evan
    Granite,
    and
    Henry
    Pennline.
    The
    authors
    would
    also
    like
    to
    acknowledge
    the
    efforts
    of
    EPA,
    EPRJ,
    coal-fired
    power
    generators
    who
    participated
    in
    the
    program,
    and
    the
    research
    organizations
    and
    academic
    institutions
    who
    were
    active
    participants.
    11
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    DISCLAIMER
    Neither
    the
    United
    States Government
    nor
    any
    agency
    thereof,
    nor any of their
    employees,
    makes
    any
    warranty,
    express
    or
    implied,
    or
    assumes any
    legal
    liability or
    responsibility
    for
    the accuracy,
    completeness,
    or
    usefulness
    of any information,
    apparatus,
    product,
    or
    process
    disclosed,
    or represents
    that
    its
    use
    would
    not infringe
    privately owned
    rights.
    Reference
    therein
    to any
    specific
    commercial
    product,
    process,
    or
    service
    by trade
    name, trademark,
    manufacturer,
    or
    otherwise
    does not
    necessarily
    constitute
    or imply
    its
    endorsement,
    recommendation,
    or favoring
    by the
    United
    States
    Government
    or any
    agency thereof.
    The
    views
    and
    opinions of
    authors expressed
    herein
    do
    not necessarily
    state
    or
    reflect
    those
    of
    the United
    States Government
    or
    any agency
    thereof.
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    11-13,
    2006,
    bttp://www.netl.doe.gov/publications/proceedings/06/mercury/presentations/Blythejres
    entation_Pilot_
    121
    206.pdf.
    21.
    Richardson,
    M.;
    Blythe,
    G.;
    Owens,
    M.;
    Miller,
    C.;
    Rhudy,
    R.
    Wet
    FGD
    Additive
    for
    Enhanced
    Mercury
    ControL
    Presented
    at
    the
    DOEINETL
    Mercury
    Control
    Technology
    Conference,
    Pittsburgh,
    PA,
    December
    11-13,
    2007,
    http://www.netl.doe.gov/publications/proceedings/07/mercurv/presentations/Richardson
    Pres.pdf.
    22.
    Laumb,
    J.;
    Laudal,
    D.;
    Dunham,
    G.;
    Martin,
    C.;
    Galbreath,
    K.
    Long-Term
    Demonstration
    of
    Sorbent
    Enhancement
    Additive
    Technology
    for
    Mercury
    Control.
    Presented
    at
    the
    DOE/NETL
    Mercury
    Control
    Technology
    Conference,
    Pittsburgh,
    PA,
    December
    11-13,
    2007,
    http://www.net1.doe.gov/publication’proceedingsI07/mercurv/presentations/Laumb
    Pres
    14
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    23.
    Machalek, T.
    Mercwy Control
    by
    EPRI
    MerCAPTM
    Process. Presented at
    the
    DOE/NETL Mercury
    Control Technology Conference, Pittsburgh, PA, December 11-13,
    2006,
    http://www.netl.doe.gov/publications/proceedings/06/mercury/presentationslMachalek_p
    resentation_1
    21
    306.pdf.
    24.
    Samuelson, C.;
    Lissianski, V.; McNemar, A.
    Utilization
    ofPartially Gasfled Coal
    for
    Mercury
    RemovaL
    Presented
    at the DOE/NETL Mercury Control Technology
    Conference,
    Pittsburgh,
    PA,
    December 11-13, 2007,
    http:J/www.netl.doe.gov/publications/proceedings/07/mercury/panels/SamuelsonPanel.p
    df.
    25.
    Bland, A.;
    Newcomer, J.;
    Sellakumar, K.; Camey,
    B. Pilot
    Testing
    of
    WRJ’s Novel
    Mercury Control Technology by
    Pre-Combustion Thermal Treatment ofCoaL Presented
    at
    the DOE/NETL Mercury Control
    Technology Conference, Pittsburgh, PA, December
    11-13, 2007,
    http://www.netl.doe.gov/publications/proceedings/07/mercury/presentations/Bland_Pres.
    WE
    26.
    NJ. et
    at. v. EPA,
    F.3d,
    Docket
    No. 05-1097
    (D.C. Circuit, Feb.,
    8
    2008),
    http://pacer.cadc.uscourts.gov/docs/commonfopinions/200802/05-1 097a.pdf.
    27.
    Commercial
    Electric Utility Mercury Control Technology Bookings; Institute of Clean
    Air Companies:
    Washington,
    DC, 2008,
    http:I/www.icac.comIfiles/publicJCommercia1_H_Eguipment_042 1 08.pdf.
    15
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Exhibit 6
    • Sargent
    &
    Lundy,
    “Mercury
    Off-set
    for
    Baldwin
    Unit 3,”
    Proj.No.
    12111-003
    Dynegy
    (November
    26, 2008)
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Proj.No.121
    11-003
    Dynegy
    Sargent
    &
    Lundy
    Date
    11-26-08
    Mercury
    Off-set
    for
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    The
    attached
    calculations
    show
    the
    possibility
    of
    trade-off
    of
    Hg
    emission
    between
    Havana
    Unit
    6/Hennepin
    Unit
    2
    and
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3.
    To
    achieve
    such
    a
    trade
    off,
    Dynegy
    intends
    to
    operate
    Hg
    control
    with
    brominated
    activated
    carbon
    injection
    with
    baghouse.
    The
    technology
    is
    expected
    to
    achieve
    overall
    90%
    Hg
    removal
    from
    coal
    to
    the
    stack.
    Attached
    is
    the
    graph
    showing
    mercuiy
    removal
    efficiency
    with
    ACllbaghouse.
    Figure
    1:
    Hg
    removal
    efficiencies
    with
    various
    technologies
    (MEGA
    Symposium
    2008,
    Ramsay
    Chang)
    IO9WC,FFC
    N
    C
    0
    U
    a
    U
    40
    WC,
    ESP,
    brominsted
    ceon
    .
    - -
    I
    LSES,EfJ
    WC
    Western
    Coal
    HSEB,
    ESP
    LSa
    Low
    Sulfur
    HS
    =
    High
    Sulfur
    EB
    a
    Eastern
    Bituminous
    0
    0
    2
    4
    6
    8
    10
    12
    14
    16
    18
    20
    Injection
    Concentration
    (lbIMMacf)
    According
    to
    Illinois
    Hg
    rule,
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    is
    required
    to
    operate
    with
    brominated
    carbon
    injection
    with
    existing
    ESP
    of
    at
    least
    5
    lb/mmacf
    carbon
    injection
    rate
    or
    achieve
    90%
    Hg
    removal.
    However,
    if
    the
    injection
    of
    activated
    carbon
    causes
    non-compliance
    with
    either
    the
    opacity
    or
    particulate
    limits
    due
    to
    size
    of
    ESP,
    then
    the
    rate
    can
    be
    lowered.
    Currently,
    to
    achieve
    opacity
    limit
    of
    30%,
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3
    has
    to
    use
    S03
    conditioning
    system.
    The
    injection
    of
    SO
    3
    has
    shown
    adverse
    effect
    on
    the
    Hg
    removal
    Page
    1
    of2
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Sargent
    &
    Lundy
    Date
    11-26-08
    efficiency
    with
    activated
    carbon.
    The
    attached
    figure
    shows
    the
    impact
    of
    SO
    3
    conditioning
    system
    on
    Hg
    removal
    with
    ESP.
    Figure
    2:
    Impact
    of
    S03
    conditioning
    on
    Hg
    Removal
    (MEGA
    Symposium
    2008,
    Feely
    et.al.)
    6O
    E
    0
    2
    4
    6
    8
    10
    12
    14
    16
    18
    20
    ACI
    Rat.
    (IbI8Lcf)
    Overall,
    a
    maximum
    of
    70%
    Hg
    removal
    efficiency
    is
    expected
    with
    S03
    conditioning
    at
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3.
    Based
    on
    these
    efficiencies,
    it
    is
    estimated
    that
    for
    6
    months
    of
    operation,
    Hennepin
    2
    and
    Havana
    Unit
    6
    will
    be
    able
    to
    generate
    approximately
    146
    lbs
    of
    Hg
    due
    to
    early
    operation
    which
    would
    be
    used
    to
    off-set
    127
    lbs
    of
    Hg
    that
    could
    have
    been
    controlled
    with
    brominated
    carbon
    injection
    ahead
    of
    existing
    ESP
    on
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3.
    Proj.No.l21
    11-003
    Dynegy
    100
    B-PAC15
    ppm
    Z3)
    LI.(H-PMoHeI15ppm
    $031
    L..
    B-P.C/F4o
    $03
    .
    ,m
    S031
    0
    Lzbad.(DAC0
    g-LHf?Jo
    $03)
    Lab.d.{DRC0
    Hg-LHIHot-s
    IdeNo
    $03)
    Labce{OARCG
    -LMNOl3
    dWIO3
    m
    $031
    •Cm.dt.Unit6(DRC0
    Hg)
    Page
    2
    of
    2
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Proj.No.12111.003
    Dynegy
    Sargent
    8
    Lundy
    Date
    11712009
    Predictions
    of
    Mecury
    Emissions
    Off-sets
    for
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3,
    70%
    Removal
    Havana
    Hennepin
    2
    Baldwin
    3
    Plant
    Net
    Generation,
    MW
    424
    221
    600
    Net
    Heat
    Rate,
    Btu/kW
    11,600
    10,300
    10,100
    PRB,
    Heating
    value,
    Btu!lb
    8,600
    8,600
    8,600
    Moisture
    in
    Fuel,
    %
    30
    30
    30
    Chlorine,
    ppmd
    25
    25
    25
    Hg,
    ppmd
    0.08
    0.08
    0.08
    Capacity
    Factor,
    %
    85
    85
    90
    Expected
    Removal
    Efficiency
    w/o
    control,
    %
    5.0
    10.0
    10.0
    Hg
    Control
    Technology
    ACllBaghouse
    ACI/Baghouse
    ACI/ESP
    Expected
    total
    removal
    Efficiency,
    %
    90
    90
    70
    Start
    Date
    07/01109
    07/01/09
    07/01/09
    End
    Date
    12/31/09
    12/31/09
    03/06/10
    Days
    of
    removailnon-ope
    ration
    183
    183
    248
    Hg,
    lb!TBtu
    6.5
    6.5
    6.5
    Outlet
    Emission
    after
    Hg
    control,
    lb/TBtu
    0.65
    0.65
    1.95
    Outlet
    Emission,
    lblhr
    0.00320
    0.00148
    0.01184
    Hg
    Removal
    due
    to
    controls,
    lblhr
    0.02722
    0.01186
    0.02368
    Havana,
    Hennepin
    removal,
    lbs
    101.63
    44.27
    Required
    Off-set
    for
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3,
    lbs
    126.83
    Total
    Available
    Off-set,
    lbs
    145.90
    -19.07
    Page
    1
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Exhibit
    7
    Construction
    permit
    issued
    for
    Baldwin
    Unit
    3,
    as
    stayed
    by
    the
    Board
    on
    May
    15,
    2008,
    in
    Docket
    08-66
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    ILLINOIS
    POLLUTION
    CONTROL
    BOARD
    May
    15,
    2008
    DYNEGY
    MIDWEST
    GENERATION,
    INC.
    )
    (BALDWIN
    ENERGY
    COMPLEX),
    )
    )
    Petitioner,
    )
    )
    v.
    )
    PCB
    08-66
    )
    (Permit
    Appeal
    -
    Air)
    ILLINOIS
    ENVIRONMENTAL
    )
    PROTECTION
    AGENCY,
    )
    )
    Respondent.
    )
    ORDER
    OF
    THE
    BOARD
    (by
    N.J.
    Melas):
    By
    order
    of
    April
    17,
    2008,
    the
    Board
    accepted
    for
    hearing
    the
    April
    9,
    2008
    petition
    for
    review
    (Pet.)
    of
    a
    March
    3,
    2008
    construction
    permit
    issued
    to
    Dynegy
    Midwest
    Generation,
    Inc.
    (Dynegy)
    by
    the
    Illinois
    Environmental
    Protection
    Agency
    (Agency).
    See
    415
    ILCS
    5140(a)(
    1)
    (2006);
    35
    III.
    Adm.
    Code
    105.206(a).
    The
    Agency
    granted
    Dynegy
    a
    construction
    permit
    for
    installation
    of
    a
    baghouse,
    scrubber,
    and
    sorbent
    injection
    control
    system
    for
    Unit
    3
    at
    the
    Baldwin
    Energy
    Complex
    located
    at
    10901
    Baldwin
    Road,
    Baldwin,
    Randolph
    County.
    Dynegy
    appeals
    many
    permit
    conditions
    it
    alleges
    the
    Agency
    has
    inappropriately
    included,
    citing
    a
    variety
    of
    grounds:
    One
    category
    addresses
    inclusion
    of
    provisions
    for
    which
    the
    Agency
    has
    no
    underlying
    authority
    to
    require.
    A
    second
    category
    of
    issues
    concerns
    the
    Agency’s
    treatment
    of
    the
    mercury
    rule
    adopted
    by
    the
    Board
    at
    35
    Ill.
    Adm.
    Code
    Part
    225.
    Dynegy
    also
    appeals
    provisions
    that
    were
    appealed
    in
    the
    CAAPP
    [Clean
    Air
    Act
    Permit
    Program]
    appeal,
    PCB
    06-063,
    or
    are
    otherwise
    CAAPP-related.
    Dynegy
    objects
    to
    certain
    testing,
    recordkeeping,
    and
    reporting
    provisions
    in
    the
    permit
    and
    has
    other
    general
    objections.
    Pet.
    at
    5.
    In
    the
    body
    of
    its
    petition,
    Dynegy
    includes
    a
    request
    for
    partial
    stay
    of
    the
    permit.
    (Pet.
    at
    3-5,
    and
    Exh.
    2.
    In
    its
    April
    17,
    2008
    order
    accepting
    the
    petition
    for
    hearing,
    the
    Board
    reserved
    ruling
    on
    the
    requested
    stay
    pending
    any
    Agency
    response.
    To
    date,
    the
    Board
    has
    received
    no
    response
    from
    the
    Agency
    regarding
    Dynegy’s
    request
    for
    a
    stay.
    Section
    101.500(d)
    of
    the
    Board’s
    procedural
    rules
    provides
    that,
    “[w]ithin
    14
    days
    after
    service
    of
    a
    motion,
    a
    party
    may
    file
    a
    response
    to
    the
    motion.
    If
    no
    response
    is
    filed,
    the
    party
    will
    be
    deemed
    to
    have
    waived
    objection
    to
    the
    granting
    of
    the
    motion,
    but
    the
    waiver
    of
    objection
    does
    not
    bind
    the
    Board
    or
    the
    hearing
    officer
    in
    its
    disposition
    of
    the
    motion.”
    35
    111.
    Adm.
    Code
    101.500(d).
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    2
    In
    its
    request
    for
    a
    partial
    stay,
    Dynegy
    notes
    that,
    “[h]istorically,
    the
    Board
    has
    granted
    partial
    stays
    in
    permit
    appeals
    where
    a
    petitioner
    has
    so
    requested.”
    Pet.
    at
    3-4
    (citations
    omitted).
    Stressing
    the
    risk
    that
    it
    will
    suffer
    irreparable
    harm
    and
    that
    the
    environment
    will
    not
    benefit
    from
    improved
    pollution
    control,
    Dynegy
    asks
    “that
    the
    Board
    exercise
    its
    inherent
    discretionary
    authority
    to
    grant
    a
    partial
    stay
    of
    the
    construction
    permit”.
    Id.
    at
    4.
    Specifically,
    Dynegy
    requests
    that
    the
    Board:
    grant
    a
    partial
    stay
    of
    the
    construction
    permit,
    staying
    only
    those
    conditions
    or
    portions
    of
    conditions
    indicated
    in
    Exhibit
    2,
    i.e.,
    Conditions
    1.1(a),
    1.2(b),
    1.3,
    1
    .4(a)
    Notes,
    1.5, 1
    .6(a)(i),
    I
    .6(a)(i)
    Note,
    I
    .6(a)(ii),
    I
    .6(a)(ii)
    Note,
    I
    .6(a)(iv),
    1
    .7(a)(i),
    1
    .7(b)(ii)(B),
    1
    .7(c)
    1
    .7(e)(v),
    I
    .7(e)(viii),
    1.7(e)
    Note,
    1
    .8(a),
    1.8(c),
    1.8
    Note,
    1.9-1,
    1.9-2,
    1.9-3,
    1.9-4,
    1.10-1,
    and
    1.10-2.
    In
    the
    alternative,
    if
    the
    Board
    believes
    that
    it
    must
    stay
    the
    entirety
    of
    an
    appealed
    condition
    rather
    than
    only
    the
    portions
    of
    the
    condition
    where
    so
    indicated
    in
    Exhibit
    2,
    Dynegy
    requests
    that
    the
    Board
    stay
    the
    entirety
    of
    each
    of
    the
    conditions
    identified
    in
    Exhibit
    2.
    Id.
    at
    3-4.
    The
    Board
    clearly
    has
    the
    authority
    to
    grant
    discretionary
    stays
    of
    the
    type
    requested
    here.
    In
    Community
    Landfill
    Co.
    and
    City
    of
    Morris
    v.
    IEPA,
    PCB
    01-48,
    01-49,
    slip
    op.
    at
    4
    (Oct.
    19,
    2000),
    the
    Board
    found
    “that
    it
    has
    the
    authority
    to
    grant
    discretionary
    stays
    from
    permit
    conditions.”
    The
    Board
    noted
    it
    “has
    previously
    granted
    or
    denied
    discretionary
    stays
    in
    permit
    appeals,
    both
    when
    the
    Agency
    did
    and
    did
    not
    consent
    to
    such
    stays.”
    Id.
    (citations
    omitted).
    The
    Board
    elaborated
    that
    “[t]he
    permit
    appeal
    system
    would
    be
    rendered
    meaningless
    in
    many
    cases,
    if
    the
    Board
    did
    not
    have
    the
    authority
    to
    stay
    permit
    conditions.”
    Id.
    The
    Board
    has
    reviewed
    the
    allegations
    in
    Dynegy’s
    stay
    request,
    as
    well
    as
    the
    specific
    language
    requested-to-be-stayed,
    as
    detailed
    in
    Exhibit
    2
    to
    Dynegy’s
    petition.
    On
    the
    basis
    of
    that
    review,
    and
    in
    the
    absence
    of
    any
    response
    to
    the
    request
    from
    the
    Agency,
    the
    Board
    grants
    Dynegy’s
    request
    for
    partial
    stay
    of
    the
    contested
    conditions
    in
    the
    construction
    permit
    for
    the
    Baldwin
    Energy
    Complex.
    The
    Board
    stays
    those
    contested
    conditions
    and
    portions
    of
    conditions
    as
    reflected
    in
    the
    edited
    permit
    filed
    as
    Exhibit
    2
    to
    Dynegy’s
    April
    9,
    2008
    petition
    for
    review
    and
    request
    for
    stay.
    Exhibit
    2
    is
    incorporated
    herein
    by
    reference
    as
    if
    fully
    set
    forth.
    The
    partial
    stay
    remains
    in
    effect
    until
    the
    Board
    takes
    final
    action
    on
    the
    construction
    permit
    appeal,
    or
    until
    the
    Board
    orders
    otherwise.
    IT
    IS
    SO
    ORDERED.
    I,
    John
    T.
    Therriault,
    Assistant
    Clerk
    of
    the
    Illinois
    Pollution
    Control
    Board,
    certify
    that
    the
    Board
    adopted
    the
    above
    order
    on
    May
    15,
    2008,
    by
    a
    vote
    of
    4-0.
    John
    T.
    Therriault,
    Assistant
    Clerk
    Illinois
    Pollution
    Control
    Board
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Exhibit
    2
    Redlined
    Construction
    Permit
    Illustrating
    Those
    Portions
    of
    the
    Permit
    That
    Dynegy
    Requests
    Be
    Stayed
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    EXIIIWT
    2
    217/782—2113
    CONSTRUCTION
    PERMIT
    PERMITTEE
    Dynegy
    Midwest
    Generation,
    Inc.
    Attn:
    Rick
    Diericx
    2828
    North
    Monroe
    Street
    Decatur,
    Illinois
    62526
    Application
    No.:
    07110065
    I.D.
    No.:
    125804AAB
    Applicant’s
    Designation:
    Date
    Received:
    November
    30,
    2007
    Subject:
    Baghouse,
    Scrubber
    and
    Sorbent
    Injection
    Systems
    for
    Unit
    3
    Date
    Issued:
    March
    3,
    2008
    Location:
    Baldwin
    Energy
    Complex,
    10901
    Baldwin
    Road,
    Baldwin,
    Randolph
    County
    Permit
    is
    hereby
    granted
    to
    the
    above-designated
    Permittee
    to
    CONSTRUCT
    equipment
    consisting
    of
    a
    baghouse,
    scrubber,
    and
    sorbent
    injection
    system
    for
    the
    Unit
    3
    Boiler
    and
    associated
    installation
    of
    booster
    fans,
    as
    described
    in
    the
    above
    referenced
    application.
    This
    Permit
    is
    subject
    to
    standard
    conditions
    attached
    hereto
    and
    the
    following
    special
    condition(s):
    1.1
    Introduction
    a.
    This
    Permit
    authorizes
    construction
    of
    a
    baghouse
    system
    (Baghouses
    A
    and
    B),
    scrubber
    system
    (Scrubbers
    A
    and
    B),
    and
    sorbent
    injection
    system
    to
    supplement
    the
    existing
    emission
    control
    systems
    on
    the
    existing
    Unit
    3
    boiler.
    The
    new
    baghouse
    system,
    scrubber
    system,
    and
    sorbent
    injection
    system
    would
    further
    process
    the
    flue
    gas
    from
    this
    existing
    coal—fired
    boiler,
    which
    is
    equipped
    with
    an
    electrostatic
    precipitator
    (ESP)
    .
    This
    permit
    also
    authorizes
    installation
    of
    booster
    fans
    to
    compensate
    for
    the
    additional
    pressure
    drop
    from
    these
    new
    control
    systems.
    b.
    i.
    This
    permit
    is
    issued
    based
    on
    this
    project
    being
    an
    emissions
    control
    project,
    whose
    purpose
    and
    effect
    will
    be
    to
    reduce
    emissions
    of
    sulfur
    dioxide
    (SO
    2
    ),
    particulate
    matter
    (PM),
    and
    mercury
    from
    the
    existing
    boiler
    and
    which
    will
    not
    increase
    emissions
    of
    other
    PSD
    pollutants.
    Tceordin31v.
    th-n
    nrmit
    doco
    .
    .ddrcoa
    applicable
    ..trogcn
    oidcQ
    (NOw),
    3C
    current
    project
    aoc
    no
    lnc.i.uuu
    control
    mcaurcD
    for
    NO
    emiaoion-o.
    ii.
    This
    permit
    is
    issued
    based
    on
    the
    receiving,
    storage
    and
    handling
    of
    limestone
    and
    activated
    carbon
    for
    the
    new
    control
    systems
    each
    qualifying
    as
    insignificant
    activities,
    with
    annual
    emissions
    of
    PM
    in
    the
    absence
    of
    control
    equipment
    that
    would
    be
    no
    more
    than
    0.44
    tons,
    so
    that
    these
    activities
    need
    not
    be
    addressed
    by
    this
    permit.
    This
    does
    not
    affect
    the
    Permittee’s
    obligation
    to
    comply
    with
    all
    applicable
    requirements
    that
    apply
    to
    the
    receiving,
    storage
    and
    handling
    of
    these
    materials.
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Page
    2
    EXIIIBIT2
    c.
    This
    permit
    does
    not
    authorize
    any
    modifications
    to
    the
    existing
    boiler
    or
    generating
    unit,
    which
    would
    increase
    their
    capacity
    or
    potential
    emissions.
    d.
    This
    permit
    does
    not
    affect
    the
    terms
    and
    conditions
    of
    the
    existing
    permits
    for
    the
    boiler
    or
    generating
    unit.
    Note:
    These
    existing
    permits
    do
    not
    necessarily
    provide
    a
    comprehensive
    list
    of
    the
    emission
    standards
    and
    other
    regulatory
    requirements
    that
    currently
    apply
    to
    the
    Unit
    3
    boiler.
    e.
    This
    permit
    does
    not
    affect
    requirements
    for
    the
    affected
    boiler
    established
    by
    the
    Consent
    Decree
    in
    United
    States
    of
    America
    and
    the
    State
    of
    Illinois,
    American
    Bottom
    Conservancy,
    Health
    and
    Environmental
    Justice-St.
    Louis,
    Inc.,
    Illinois
    Stewardship
    Alliance,
    and
    Prairie
    Rivers
    Network,
    v.
    Illinois
    Power
    Company
    and
    Dynegy
    Midwest
    Generation
    Inc.,
    Civil
    Action
    No.
    99-833—MJR,
    U.S.
    District
    Court,
    Southern
    District
    of
    flhinois
    (Decree),
    which
    is
    incorporated
    by
    reference
    into
    this
    permit.
    (Refer
    to
    Attachment
    1.)
    1.2
    Applicability
    Provisions
    a.
    The
    “affected
    boiler”
    for
    the
    purpose
    of
    these
    unit—specific
    conditions
    is
    the
    existing
    Unit
    3
    boiler
    after
    the
    initial
    startup
    of
    the
    new
    emissions
    control
    systems,
    as
    described
    in
    Condition
    1.1.
    b.
    For
    purposes
    of
    certain
    conditions
    related
    to
    the
    Decree,
    the
    affected
    boiler
    is
    also
    part
    of
    a
    “Unit”
    as
    defined
    by
    Paragraph
    50
    of
    the
    Decree.
    1.3
    Applicable
    Emission
    Standards
    and
    Limits
    for
    the
    Affected
    Boiler
    a.
    The
    affected
    boiler
    shall
    comply
    with
    applicable
    emission
    standards
    under
    Title
    35,
    Subtitle
    B,
    Chapter
    I,
    Subchapter
    c
    of
    the
    Illinois
    Administrative
    Code.
    1.4
    Future
    Applicable
    Emission
    Standards
    and
    Limits
    rcquircmcnt
    rcitcp
    to
    mercury
    miooiono
    ror
    tnc
    rzcctca
    ooiL-cr
    purcuar.t
    to
    35
    IC
    Pprt
    225,
    Subpprt
    B,
    by
    thc
    pplicablc
    dat
    b.
    The
    SO
    2
    emission
    rate
    of
    affected
    boiler
    shall
    be
    no
    greater
    than
    the
    limit
    specified
    in
    Paragraph
    66
    of
    the
    Decree,
    i.e.,
    0.100
    lb/mmBtu,
    30—day
    rolling
    average,
    by
    the
    date
    specified
    in
    Paragraph
    66,
    i.e.,
    no
    later
    than
    December
    31,
    2010.
    Compliance
    with
    this
    limit
    shall
    be
    determined
    in
    accordance
    with
    the
    provisions
    in
    Paragraphs
    4
    and
    82
    of
    the
    Decree.
    Note:
    The
    SD
    2
    emission
    rate
    for
    the
    affected
    boiler
    pursuant
    to
    the
    Decree,
    when
    it
    takes
    effect,
    will
    be
    more
    stringent
    than
    the
    current
    applicable
    site
    specific
    federal
    standard
    of
    6.0
    lb/rnniBtu.
    (Refer
    to
    40
    CFR
    52.720(c)
    (71),
    which
    incorporates
    by
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Page
    3
    EXIIIBIT2
    reference
    the
    SO
    2
    emission
    limits
    within
    Paragraph
    1
    of
    Illinois
    Pollution
    Control
    Board
    Final
    Order
    PCB
    79-7,
    which
    was
    adopted
    September
    8,
    1983.)
    c.
    The
    PM
    emission
    rate
    of
    the
    affected
    boiler
    shall
    be
    no
    greater
    than
    the
    limit
    specified
    in
    Paragraph
    85
    of
    the
    Decree,
    i.e.,
    0.015
    lb/mxnBtu,
    by
    the
    date
    specified
    in
    Paragraph
    85,
    i.e.,
    no
    later
    than
    December
    31,
    2010.
    Compliance
    with
    this
    limit
    shall
    be
    determined
    in
    accordance
    with
    the
    provisions
    in
    Paragraphs
    90
    and
    97
    of
    the
    Decree.
    Note:
    The
    PM
    emission
    rate
    for
    the
    affected
    boiler
    pursuant
    to
    the
    Decree,
    when
    it
    takes
    effect,
    will
    be
    more
    stringent
    than
    the
    current
    applicable
    state
    rule
    limit
    of
    0.1
    lb/mmBtu
    pursuant
    to
    35
    IAC
    212.203(a)
    1.5
    Nonapplicability
    Provisions
    None
    1.6
    Work
    Practices
    and
    Operational
    Requirements
    for
    PM
    and
    SO
    2
    Control
    Devices
    a.
    i.
    The
    Perrnittee
    shall
    operate
    and
    maintain
    the
    baghouse
    system
    authorized
    by
    this
    permit
    for
    the
    affected
    boiler
    in
    accordance
    with
    Paragraphs
    83,
    84
    and
    87
    of
    the
    Decree.
    ii-.
    The
    Pcrmittcc
    ahall
    operate
    and
    maintain
    the
    baghouac
    ayatem
    for
    the
    affcctcd
    boilar
    in
    accordance
    with
    a
    writtcr.
    Operation
    and
    Maintenance
    Plan
    for
    PM
    Control
    maintained
    by
    tc
    Pcrmittcc
    pur,uant
    to
    Condition
    1.9
    2(b
    (i)(M.
    b.
    i.
    Effective
    no
    later
    that
    December
    31,
    2010,
    the
    Permittee
    shall
    operate
    and
    maintain
    the
    scrubber
    authorized
    by
    this
    permit
    for
    the
    affected
    boiler
    in
    accordance
    with
    Paragraph
    69
    of
    the
    Decree.
    ii.
    Effective
    no
    later
    than
    December
    31,
    2010,
    the
    Permittee
    shall
    not
    operate
    the
    affected
    boiler
    and
    Unit
    3
    unless
    the
    requirements
    of
    Paragraph
    66
    of
    the
    Decree
    with
    respect
    to
    addition
    of
    a
    flue
    gas
    desulfurization
    system
    (such
    as
    the
    scrubber
    authorized
    by
    this
    permit)
    or
    an
    equivalent
    SO
    2
    control
    technology
    to
    the
    affected
    boiler
    have
    been
    fulfilled.
    iii.
    The
    Permittec
    uhall
    operate
    and
    maintain
    the
    additional
    &O
    controi
    ayatcm
    on
    ene
    affcctcci
    oi.cr
    in
    acoruanc
    wicn
    a
    written
    Operation
    and
    Maintenance
    Plan
    for
    6O
    Control
    maintained
    by
    the
    Permittoc
    purouant
    to
    Condition
    1.9
    2(c)
    (iii)
    (A)
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Page
    4
    EXHIBIT
    2
    1.7
    Testing
    Requirements
    a.
    i.
    The
    Permittee
    shall
    have
    testing
    conducted
    to
    measure
    the
    PM
    emissions
    from
    the
    affected
    boiler
    on
    a
    periodic
    basis
    consistent
    with
    the
    requirements
    of
    Paragraphs
    89
    and
    119
    of
    the
    Decree
    with
    respect
    to
    the
    timing
    of
    PM
    emission
    tests.
    ii.
    The
    Permittee
    shall
    also
    have
    testing
    conducted
    to
    measure
    the
    PM
    emissions
    from
    the
    affected
    boiler
    within
    90
    days
    following
    receipt
    of
    a
    request
    by
    the
    Illinois
    EPA
    for
    such
    measurements
    or
    such
    later
    date
    set
    by
    the
    Illinois
    EPA.
    b.
    i.
    These
    measurements
    shall
    be
    performed
    in
    the
    maximum
    operating
    range
    of
    the
    affected
    boiler
    and
    otherwise
    under
    representative
    operating
    conditions.
    ii.
    The
    methods
    and
    procedures
    used
    for
    measurements
    to
    determine
    compliance
    with
    the
    applicable
    PM
    emission
    standards
    and
    limitations
    shall
    be
    in
    accordance
    with
    Paragraph
    90
    of
    the
    Decree.
    c.
    Except
    for
    minor
    deviations
    in
    test
    methods,
    as
    defined
    by
    35
    IAC
    283.130,
    emission
    testing
    shall
    be
    conducted
    in
    accordance
    with
    a
    test
    plan
    prepared
    by
    the
    testing
    service
    or
    the
    Permittee
    (which
    shall
    be
    submitted
    to
    the
    Illinois
    EPA
    for
    review
    at
    least
    60
    days
    prior
    to
    the
    actual
    date
    of
    testing)
    and
    the
    conditions,
    if
    any,
    imposed
    by
    the
    Illinois
    EPA
    as
    part
    of
    its
    review
    and
    approval
    of
    the
    test
    plan,
    pursuant
    to
    35
    IAC
    283.220
    and
    283.230.
    Notwithstanding
    the
    above,
    a
    test
    plan
    need
    not
    be
    submitted
    to
    the
    Illinois
    EPA
    if
    emissions
    testing
    is
    conducted
    in
    accordance
    with
    the
    procedures
    used
    for
    previous
    testing
    accepted
    by
    the
    Illinois
    EPA
    or
    the
    previous
    test
    plan
    submitted
    to
    and
    approved
    by
    the
    Illinois
    EPA,
    provided,
    however,
    that
    the
    Perxnittee’s
    notification
    for
    testing,
    as
    required
    below,
    contains
    the
    information
    specified
    by
    35
    IAC
    283.220(d)
    (1)
    (A),
    (B)
    and
    (C).
    d.
    The
    Permittee
    shall
    notify
    the
    Illinois
    EPA
    prior
    to
    conducting
    PM
    emission
    testing
    to
    enable
    the
    Illinois
    EPA
    to
    observe
    testing.
    Notification
    for
    the
    expected
    test
    date
    shall
    be
    submitted
    a
    minimum
    of
    30
    days
    prior
    to
    the
    expected
    date
    of
    testing.
    Notification
    of
    the
    actual
    date
    and
    expected
    time
    of
    testing
    shall
    be
    submitted
    a
    minimum
    of
    5
    working
    days
    prior
    to
    the
    actual
    test
    date.
    The
    Illinois
    EPA
    may
    on
    a
    case—by—case
    basis
    accept
    shorter
    advance
    notice
    if
    it
    would
    not
    interfere
    with
    the
    Illinois
    EPA’s
    ability
    to
    observe
    testing.
    e.
    The
    Perrnittee
    shall
    submit
    the
    Final
    Report(s)
    for
    this
    PM
    emission
    testing
    to
    the
    Illinois
    EPA
    within
    45
    days
    of
    completion
    of
    testing,
    which
    report(s)
    shall
    include
    the
    following
    information:
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Page
    5
    EXIflSIT
    2
    i.
    The
    name
    and
    identification
    of
    the
    affected
    unit
    and
    the
    results
    of
    the
    tests.
    ii.
    The
    name
    of
    the
    company
    that
    performed
    the
    tests.
    iii.
    The
    name
    of
    any
    relevant
    observers
    present
    including
    the
    testing
    company’s
    representatives,
    any
    Illinois
    EPA
    or
    USEPA
    representatives,
    and
    the
    representatives
    of
    the
    Permlttee.
    iv.
    Description
    of
    test
    method(s),
    including
    description
    of
    sampling
    points,
    sampling
    train,
    analysis
    equipment,
    and
    test
    schedule,
    including
    a
    description
    of
    any
    minor
    deviations
    from
    the
    test
    plan,
    as
    provided
    by
    35
    IAC
    283.230(a).
    cd
    dcaoription
    of
    operating
    conditions
    during
    ig,
    including:
    Operating
    information
    for
    the
    affected
    boilcr,
    1.-c.
    firing
    rate
    of
    the
    boiler
    (nueBtu/hour)
    and
    compoaition
    of
    fucl
    aa
    burned
    (ash,
    sulfur
    and
    heat
    content).
    diatributi..,
    of
    primary
    and
    secondary
    cembustian
    air,
    settings
    for
    O
    concentration
    in
    the
    boiler,
    and
    levels
    of
    CO
    in
    the
    flue
    gao,
    if
    determined
    by
    any
    diagnost.io
    measurements.
    C.
    Control
    equipment
    information,
    i.o.,
    equipment
    condition
    and
    operating
    parameters
    during
    testing
    incsuuing-
    any
    use
    of
    the
    flue
    gas
    conditioning
    system.
    D.
    Leap
    curing
    tcsting
    (megawatt
    output)
    vii.
    Data
    and
    calculations,
    including
    copies
    of
    all
    raw
    data
    sheets
    and
    records
    of
    laboratory
    analyses,
    sample
    calculations,
    and
    data
    on
    equipment
    calibration.
    viii.
    The
    SO...
    and
    NO,.
    cmioaions
    (hourly
    averages),
    opacity
    data
    -(6
    minute
    avcragco),
    and
    O
    or
    CO
    3
    conccntrationo
    (hourly
    averages)
    mcaaurcd
    during
    testing.
    i::.
    The
    emissions
    of
    eandensable
    PM
    during
    testing,
    either
    as
    measured
    by
    UEEP
    Method
    202
    (10
    CFR
    Part
    51,
    flppenthn
    H)
    or
    other
    established
    teat
    method
    approved
    by
    the
    Illinois
    EM
    during
    testing
    for
    PM
    or
    based
    on
    other
    representative
    emissions
    testing,
    with
    supporting
    data
    and
    cxplanati-on.
    1,8
    Monitoring
    Requirements
    a.
    The
    Permittee
    shall
    operate
    and
    maintain
    continuous
    monitoring
    equipment
    to
    measure
    the
    following
    operating
    parameters
    of
    the
    bagheuse
    system:
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Page
    6
    EXHIBIT
    2
    i.
    The
    temperature
    of
    the
    flue
    gas
    at
    the
    inlet
    of
    the
    system
    (hourly
    average).
    ii.
    The
    pressure
    drop
    across
    the
    system
    (hourly
    average)
    S_L....
    :_.,
    -l.4_
    cyi,iILy
    i.
    35
    IAC
    Port
    225,
    the
    Permittoc
    ohall
    comply
    with
    all
    applicable
    rcguircmcnto
    of
    35
    ThC
    Part
    225,
    related
    to
    manitorina,
    including
    monitoring
    of
    mercury
    cuiiaoiono
    from
    _.ionol
    onal
    monitoring
    for
    the
    .
    During
    the
    period
    before
    rcoordkccping
    io
    required
    purouant
    to
    3
    I-AC
    Part
    22t,
    the
    Permittcc
    chall
    keep
    rccorda
    of
    the
    mercury
    and
    heat
    aontcnt
    of
    the
    coal
    upply
    to
    the
    affected
    boilcr,
    with
    aupporting
    data
    for
    the
    aaaocitcd
    aempling
    and
    onolyaia
    mcthodelogy,
    co
    co
    to
    be
    able
    to
    hove
    rcprcccntotivc
    data
    for
    tr.e
    cool
    ouppiy
    to
    the
    ilcr
    for
    perioda
    during
    which
    mcrcury
    cnaaion
    data
    Ia
    collected
    for
    the
    boiler.
    The
    onalycia
    of
    the
    -
    -
    zr-c
    __fjra1
    n
    35
    T7C
    Pnri-
    22
    emiazione
    in
    35
    IAC
    Pert
    225
    that
    in
    eKprcaocd
    in
    tea
    of
    a
    control
    efficiency,
    the
    Pcrmittco
    ohall
    comply
    iith
    all
    applicable
    roquircmcnta
    of
    35
    I-AC
    Part
    225
    related
    to
    eampling
    and
    analynin
    of
    the
    coal
    oupply
    to
    the
    affected
    boiler
    for
    ito
    mercury
    content
    bcginnin
    no
    later
    than
    the
    applicable
    dote
    soc±fid
    by
    35
    I-AC
    Part
    22-S.
    1.9—2
    Records
    for
    Control
    Devices
    and
    Control
    Equipment
    The
    Permittee
    shall
    maintain
    the
    following
    records
    for
    the
    new
    baghouse,
    scrubber,
    and
    sorbent
    injection
    system
    on
    the
    affected
    boiler:
    a.
    i.
    Records
    for
    the
    Baghouse
    System
    A.
    Records
    for
    the
    operation
    of
    the
    baghouse
    system
    that,
    at
    a
    minimum:
    (1)
    Identify
    the
    trigger
    for
    bag
    cleaning,
    e.g.,
    manual,
    timer,
    or
    pressure
    drop;
    (2)
    Identify
    each
    period
    when
    the
    Unit
    was
    in
    operation
    and
    the
    baghouse
    system
    was
    not
    being
    operated
    or
    was
    not
    operating
    effectively;
    (3)
    Identify
    each
    period
    ..
    ir
    tr.c
    coroent
    injection
    aystem
    can
    oc
    aojuotca
    rcmotciy
    cy
    the
    poreonnel
    in
    the
    control
    room,
    the
    Pcrmittec
    ohall
    inatall,
    operate,
    and
    maintain
    inntri.uncntation
    for
    mcaourinq
    the
    rate
    of
    corbcnt
    injection
    for
    the
    affected
    hri1cr
    .,ncl
    1-hr
    nr’r,r
    t-,t’i
    nf
    l-hr
    -
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Page
    7
    EXHIBIT
    2
    when
    any
    baghouse
    compartment(s)
    have
    been
    taken
    out
    of
    regular
    service,
    with
    the
    identity
    of
    the
    module(s)
    and
    explanationj
    and
    (4
    Addrcc
    the
    implementation
    of
    the
    operating
    procedurea
    related
    tc.
    the
    boghouoe
    cyatom
    that
    are
    required
    to
    be
    or
    are
    othcr:iae
    implcmcntcd
    pureuant
    to
    Candition
    L6a.
    B.
    Records
    for
    maintenance
    and
    repair
    for
    the
    baghouse
    system
    that,
    at
    a
    minimum:
    (1)
    List
    the
    activities
    performed,
    with
    date
    and
    description,
    and
    (2)
    ddrco
    the
    maintenance
    and
    repair
    aetivitico
    related
    to
    the
    haghuao
    ayotem
    that
    arc
    required
    to
    be
    or
    arc
    otherwico
    implemented
    purcuant
    to
    Condition
    1.6(a).
    A.
    Records
    for
    the
    operation
    of
    the
    scrubber
    system
    that,
    at
    a
    minimum:
    (1)
    Identify
    each
    period
    when
    the
    affected
    Unit
    was
    in
    operation
    and
    associated
    scrubber
    system
    was
    not
    being
    operated
    or
    was
    not
    operating
    effectively,
    and
    (2)
    1’ddrcaa
    the
    B.
    iii.
    Records
    for
    the
    Sorbent
    Injection
    System
    1.6(b).
    injection.
    cyctem
    tnct,
    at
    minimum,
    lacnuiry
    tnc
    orpent
    tnae
    ia
    being
    uacd,
    thc
    oorbcnt
    injactian
    rate
    or
    aetting
    for
    orbcnt
    injection
    rate,
    each
    pcriod
    of
    tinc
    ;‘hcn
    the
    affected
    boUcr
    ;aa
    in
    operation
    without
    the
    cyctem
    being
    operated
    with
    eMplanation.
    B.
    Records
    for
    the
    maintenance
    and
    repair
    of
    the
    sorbent
    injection
    system
    that,
    at
    a
    minimum,
    list
    the
    activities
    performed,
    with
    date
    and
    description.
    Bcginni
    -----
    recou
    baghouc
    boiler:
    3-1,
    2010,
    the
    followi
    4__.
    -.
    rk4
    .
    written
    upcrati
    riaintcnancc
    t’ian
    Control,
    which
    ahaJl
    be
    tcpt
    up
    to
    date,
    that
    identifiec
    the
    apecifia
    opcrating
    proccdura
    cnd
    maintenance
    praticcn
    (including
    procedurca
    and
    ii.
    Records
    for
    the
    Scrubber
    System
    4-
    1-.
    that
    arc-
    requix
    Records
    for
    maintenance
    and
    repair
    for
    the
    scrubber
    system
    that,
    at
    a
    minimum:
    (1)
    List
    the
    activities
    performed,
    with
    date
    and
    description,
    and
    (2)
    .ddraae
    the
    maintenance
    and
    repair
    activitica
    related
    to
    the
    scrubber
    syotem
    that
    arc
    required
    to
    he
    or
    are
    othcrwiae
    implemented
    purcuant
    to
    Condition
    1.6(b).
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Page
    8
    EXHIBIT
    2
    practices
    specifically
    related
    to
    startups
    end
    malfunction/breakdown
    incidents)
    currently
    being
    implemented
    by
    the
    Permittec
    for
    the
    baghouse
    system
    to
    satisfy
    Condition
    1.6(a)
    (ii).
    B.
    Accompanying
    this
    reaord,
    the
    Pcrmittee
    shall
    maintain
    a
    demonstration
    showing
    that
    the
    above
    Operation
    and
    Maintenance
    Plan
    for
    PM
    Control
    fulfills
    the
    requirements
    of
    Conditions1.6(a)
    (ii
    and
    (ii)
    ii.
    Copies
    of
    the
    records
    required
    by
    Cendition
    1.9
    2(b)
    (i)
    shall
    be
    submitted
    to
    the
    Illinois
    EPA
    upon
    request.
    iii.
    Accompanying
    the
    records
    required
    by
    Conditions
    1.92(b)(i),
    a
    file
    containing
    a
    copy
    of
    all
    aorrespondonce
    and
    other
    written
    matcrial
    cnchanged
    with
    USEPA
    that
    addresses
    the
    procedures
    and
    practices
    that
    nust
    be
    implemented
    pursuant
    to
    Paragraphs
    83,
    84
    and
    87
    of
    the
    Decree.
    This
    file
    shall
    be
    ratained
    for
    at
    laast
    three
    years
    aftar
    the
    permanent
    shutdown
    of
    the
    affected
    Unit.
    a-.
    Operation
    and
    Maintenance
    Plan
    for
    SO
    Control
    i.
    Beginning
    no
    later
    then
    December
    31,
    2010,
    the
    fo-Ilowing
    regards
    related
    to
    the
    procedures
    and
    practices
    for
    the
    scrubber
    system
    controlling
    SO
    emissians
    from
    the
    affeetcd
    boiler:
    A.
    A
    written
    Operation
    and
    Maintenance
    Plan
    for
    SO
    Control,
    which
    shall
    be
    kept
    up
    to
    date,
    that
    identifies
    -the
    specific
    operating
    procedures
    and
    maintenance
    practices
    (including
    procedures
    and
    practices
    specifically
    related
    to
    startups
    and
    malfunction/breakdown
    incidents)
    aurrently
    being
    implemented
    by
    the
    Permittec
    for
    the
    scrubber
    to
    satisfy
    Conditions
    1.6(b)
    (iii).
    B.
    Accompanying
    this
    record,
    the
    Pcittec
    shall
    maintain
    a
    demonstration
    showing
    that
    the
    above
    Operation
    and
    Maintenance
    Plan
    for
    SO
    Control
    fulfills
    the
    requirements
    of
    Conditiens
    1.6(b)
    (i)
    and
    (ii).
    ii.
    Copies
    of
    the
    records
    required
    by
    Conditions
    l.9—2(e)(i)
    shal-l
    be
    submitted
    to
    the
    Illinois
    EPA
    upon
    request.
    iii.
    Accompanying
    the
    records
    required
    by
    Condition
    1.9-2(a)
    )i),
    a
    file
    containing
    a
    copy
    of
    all
    correspondence
    end
    c,ti+ee
    written
    material
    erohangad
    with
    ‘JEEPA
    that
    addresses
    the
    procadurcs
    and
    practices
    that
    must
    be
    implemented
    pursuant
    to
    Paragraph
    69
    of
    the
    Deem:.
    This
    file
    shall
    be
    retained
    for
    at
    least
    three
    the
    affected
    Unit.
    d-.
    Specific
    Records
    for
    the
    Injection
    System
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Page
    9
    awari
    2
    1.9—3
    Other
    Recordkeeping
    Requirements
    a.
    Records
    for-
    L
    in
    the
    Implcncntat-i
    later
    than
    December
    31,
    20i0,
    t
    ,
    ma-intain
    tho
    following
    recorun.
    ..
    irinidnntn
    whnn
    nnrnicanin
    sationisi
    were
    not
    ,
    periods
    taken
    for
    the
    bagheuse
    system
    that
    were
    specified
    in
    the
    aurrent
    Operation
    and
    Maintenance
    Plan
    for
    PH
    Ccr.trel,
    as
    prepared
    pursuant
    to
    Condition
    1.9-
    2(b)
    (1)
    (A):
    i.
    The
    date
    -of
    the
    lapse.
    ii.
    A
    description
    of
    the
    lapse,
    including
    the
    specified
    action(s)
    that
    were
    not-takeni
    other
    actions
    or
    mitigatioa
    measures
    that
    were
    taken,
    if
    any;
    and
    the
    likely
    ac.nsequcnccs
    of
    the
    lapse
    as
    related
    te
    emissions,
    if
    any.
    .
    c.-_
    ii
    iii.
    The
    time
    and
    means
    by
    which
    the-
    lapse
    was
    identified.
    iv.
    If
    rcicvant,
    the
    length
    of
    time
    after
    the
    lapse
    was
    longer
    applicable
    and
    was
    not
    shorter,
    including
    any
    mitigation
    measuras
    th
    v.
    If
    relevant,
    the
    estinateu
    ccpianation
    why
    this
    time
    without
    the
    spccificd
    action(s)
    being
    taken.
    vi.
    A
    discussion
    of
    the
    probable
    cause
    of
    the
    lapse
    and
    any
    preventative
    measures
    taken.
    vii.
    A
    discussion
    whether
    the
    applicable
    PM
    emission
    limit,
    as
    addressed
    by
    Condition
    1.3(a)
    or
    1.(c),
    may
    have
    been
    supporting
    explanation.
    Mercury
    Em.
    --
    rccordkeeping
    reluiroments
    of
    3-5
    -TAC
    Part
    225
    related
    to
    control
    of
    mercury
    emissions
    from
    the
    affeatcd
    boiler.
    ii.
    During
    the
    iod
    before
    the
    Pcrmittec
    i
    uircd
    affected
    bailer
    pursuant
    to
    35
    IAC
    Part
    225,
    the
    Parmittcc
    shall
    maintain
    records
    of
    any
    emission
    data
    for
    mercury
    collected
    for
    the
    affected
    boiler
    by
    the
    Pcrmittec,
    including
    emissions
    (micrograms
    per
    eubio
    meter,
    pounds
    pe*
    -p0r
    -
    monthly
    basis.
    betore
    reeorc!toeping
    is-
    reguirea
    zer
    usage
    ot
    serpent
    purauan
    to
    35
    lAG
    Peat
    225,
    the
    usage
    of
    serbent
    (lbs-)
    .w’rnnn
    nnrhnnr
    injeetien
    rate
    (lbs/operating
    hour),
    1-.
    fl..—.-...-1.—
    fl-.1
    —4—.-..-J
    4—
    i.
    The
    Permittcc
    shall
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Page
    10
    EXHIBIT
    2
    hour,
    or
    pounds
    per
    with
    ider.tifieation
    1i....
    na—..’
    -...-.I
    .—.C
    p.
    ieeoros
    tar
    uapses
    in
    ene
    impiemencacion
    or
    me
    uperation
    one
    Maintenance
    Plan
    for
    6O
    Control
    Beginning
    no
    later
    than
    December
    31,
    2010,
    the
    Pcrmittea
    shall
    maintain
    the
    following
    records,
    aa
    rclevant,
    for
    all
    lapses,
    i.e..
    nernoi
    nr
    incidents
    when
    annlieable
    action1)
    were
    not
    taken
    for
    the
    scrubber
    system
    that
    were
    specified
    by
    the
    current
    Operation
    and
    Maintenance
    Plan
    f
    or
    SO
    Control,
    as
    prepared
    pursuant
    t
    Condition
    1.9
    2(e)
    (1)
    (A),:
    i.
    The
    date
    of
    the
    lapsc.
    ii.
    A
    deoeription
    of
    the
    lapse,
    including
    the
    specified
    UCtiOfliS)
    tnat
    were
    not
    tanen;
    otner
    -actions
    or
    nitigation
    measures
    that
    were
    taken,
    if
    anyj
    and
    the
    likely
    eansequenees
    of
    the
    lapse
    as
    related
    to
    enissions,
    if
    any.
    S
    .
    nfl—
    4-S.............4
    t..
    t..S
    —4—
    ..—4-...
    1
    iv.
    If
    relevant,
    the
    .length
    of
    time
    aftar
    the
    lapse
    was
    1
    Cl
    fl
    -fl
    tS
    specified
    ion(o)
    .L1......llLiLJ.,..U
    grip
    ..CLULC
    were
    taken
    or
    If
    relevant,
    the
    estimated
    total
    fied
    action(s)
    being
    4—-.
    ,__.
    vi.
    A
    discussion
    of
    the
    probable
    cause
    of
    the
    lapse
    and
    any
    preventative
    measures
    taken
    vii,
    A
    discussion
    whether
    the
    applicable
    S0
    3
    -emission
    limit
    of
    Condition
    l.(b)
    may
    have
    been
    violated,
    either
    during
    or
    as
    a
    result
    of
    the
    lance.
    with-
    suonortinu
    enlnnatien.
    ompt
    Reporting
    For
    the
    affected
    boiler,
    the
    Permittee
    shall
    promptly
    notify
    the
    Illinois
    EPA
    of
    deviations
    from
    the
    requirements
    of
    this
    permit
    follows.
    At
    a
    minim,
    these
    notifications
    ehell
    include
    a
    description
    of
    such
    deviations,
    including
    whether
    they
    occurred
    during
    startup
    or
    malfunction/breakdown,
    and
    a
    discussion
    of
    the
    possible
    cause
    of
    ouch
    deviat4ons,
    any
    corrective
    actions
    and
    any
    preventative
    measures
    taken.
    viatian
    from
    S
    C
    i—i.....
    .J_...4
    4.
    S
    requirements
    related
    to-
    PM
    emissi
    accompanied
    by
    the
    failure
    of
    sin
    or
    mere
    compartments
    in
    baohouse
    system.
    were
    no
    ienger
    appneasie
    ana
    an
    cpiananon
    wny
    enis
    time
    was
    not
    shorter,
    including
    a
    discussion
    of
    the
    timing
    of
    ‘“
    tipation
    measures
    4--
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Page
    11
    EXUIBIF
    2
    i-fiotion
    with
    the
    comi
    annual
    11(
    i..’..
    orta
    rcguircd
    by
    including
    dcviatiorto
    from
    othcr
    applicable
    rcgui
    e.g.,
    work
    practice
    roquiromonto,
    required
    opera
    eniiird
    ma
    remc
    ..c
    include
    thc
    following
    rcquircdbycoridition
    1.10
    2(n)eh..ll
    1.10—2
    of
    dcviationo
    rcportcd
    in
    iriting
    to
    tho
    Illinoic
    6EA
    co
    prvidcd
    by
    Condition
    1.10
    1(a)
    (i),
    including
    identification
    of
    each
    ucn
    writon
    notizication
    or
    report.
    oi
    thio
    purp000,
    the
    Permittoc
    need
    not
    reoubmit
    copico
    of
    thcoc
    proviouo
    notificationo
    or
    reporto
    but
    may
    olcot
    to
    oupploment
    ouch
    material.
    Reporting
    Requirements
    Periodic
    Reporting
    Et•.”..
    1.9
    3(a).
    _I__
    1
    4
    ..-..
    ,
    ,n
    end
    of
    each
    c
    firot
    ha-If,
    i
    by
    Jily
    30.
    eamplc,
    the
    rcp
    y
    through
    June,
    ohall
    be
    1.11
    Authorization
    for
    Operation
    comply
    with
    all
    applio-ab-l
    The
    Permittee
    may
    operate
    the
    affected
    boiler
    with
    the
    new
    baghouse,
    scrubber,
    and
    sorbent
    injection
    system
    under
    this
    construction
    permit
    until
    such
    time
    as
    final
    action
    is
    taken
    to
    address
    these
    systems
    in
    the
    CAAPP
    permit
    for
    the
    source
    provided
    that
    the
    Permittee
    submits
    an
    appropriate
    application
    for
    CAAPP
    permit,
    which
    incorporates
    new
    requirements
    established
    by
    this
    permit
    within
    one
    year
    (365
    days)
    of
    beginning
    operations
    of
    the
    affected
    boiler
    with
    these
    systems.
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    Page
    12
    EXIIIBIT2
    If
    you
    have
    any
    questions
    concerning
    this
    permit,
    please
    contact
    Kunj
    Patel
    or
    Christopher
    Romaine
    at
    217/782—2113.
    Edwin
    C.
    Bakowski,
    P.E.
    Date
    Signed:
    Acting
    Manager,
    Permit
    Section
    Division
    of
    Air
    Pollution
    Control
    ECB;CPR:KMP:psj
    cc:
    Region
    3
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    EXHIBIT
    2
    Attachment
    1:
    Consent
    Decree:
    United
    States
    of
    America
    and
    the
    State
    of
    Illinois,
    American
    Bottom
    Conservancy,
    Health
    and
    Environmental
    Justice-St.
    Louis,
    Inc.,
    Illinois
    Stewardship
    Alliance,
    and
    Prairie
    Rivers
    Network,
    v.
    Illinois
    Power
    Company
    and
    Dynegy
    Midwest
    Generation
    Inc.,
    Civil
    Action
    No.
    99—833-MJR,
    U.S.
    District
    Court,
    Southern
    District
    of
    Illinois
    1.
    Order,
    Modifying
    the
    Consent
    Decree,
    entered
    August
    9,
    2006
    2.
    Original
    Consent
    Decree,
    entered
    May
    27,
    2005
    KMP:psj
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

    CERTIFICATE
    OF
    SERVICE
    I,
    the undersigned,
    certify
    that
    on
    this
    9
    th
    day
    of January,
    2009,
    I
    have
    served
    electronically
    the
    attached
    PETITION
    FOR
    VARIANCE,
    AFFIDAVIT
    OF
    ARIC
    D.
    DIERICX,
    and
    APPEARANCES
    OF
    KATHLEEN
    C.
    BASSI
    AND
    STEPHEN
    J.
    BONEBRAKE,
    upon
    the
    following
    persons:
    John
    Therriault,
    Assistant
    Clerk
    Illinois
    Pollution
    Control
    Board
    James
    R.
    Thompson
    Center
    Suite
    11-500
    100
    West
    Randolph
    Chicago,
    Illinois
    60601
    and
    by
    first
    class
    mail,
    postage
    affixed,
    upon:
    Illinois
    Environmental
    Protection
    Agency
    Division
    of
    Legal
    Counsel
    1021
    North
    Grand
    Avenue,
    East
    P.O.
    Box
    19276
    Springfield,
    Illinois
    62794-9276
    Kathleen
    C.
    Bassi
    Stephen
    J.
    Bonebrake
    SCHIFF
    HARDIN,
    LLP
    6600
    Sears
    Tower
    233
    South
    Wacker
    Drive
    Chicago,
    Illinois
    60606
    312-258-5500
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, January 9, 2009

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