1
    BEFORE THE ILLINOIS POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD
    2
    3 IN THE MATTER OF:
    )
    )
    4 PROPOSED AMENDMENTS TO
    ) R08-18
    GROUNDWATER QUALITY
    ) (Rulemaking - Public
    5 STANDARDS, 35 ILL. ADM.
    ) Water Supply)
    CODE 620
    )
    6
    7
    Proceedings held on July 16, 2008, at 10:03 a.m., at the
    8 Illinois Pollution Control Board, 1021 North Grand Avenue
    East, Springfield, Illinois, before Richard R. McGill,
    9 Jr., Hearing Officer.
    10
    11
    12
    13
    Reported By: Karen Waugh, CSR, RPR
    CSR License No: 084-003688
    14
    KEEFE REPORTING COMPANY
    15
    11 North 44th Street
    Belleville, IL 62226
    16
    (618) 277-0190
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    22
    23
    24
    Keefe Reporting Company
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1
    APPEARANCES
    2
    3 Board Members present:
    4
    Board Member Thomas E. Johnson
    5 Board Member Andrea S. Moore
    6
    7 Board Staff Members present:
    8
    Alisa Liu, Environmental Scientist
    9
    10
    ILLINOIS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
    11
    BY: Ms. Kimberly A. Geving
    Assistant Counsel
    12
    Division of Legal Counsel
    1021 North Grand Avenue East
    13
    Springfield, Illinois 62794-9276
    On behalf of the Illinois EPA
    14
    15
    16
    ILLINOIS ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATORY GROUP
    BY: Mr. Alec M. Davis
    17
    General Counsel
    215 East Adams Street
    18
    Springfield, Illinois 62701
    On behalf of the Illinois Environmental
    19
    Regulatory Group
    20
    21
    22
    23
    24
    Keefe Reporting Company
    2
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1
    INDEX
    2 WITNESS
    PAGE NUMBER
    3 IEPA
    7
    Gary King
    4 Richard P. Cobb
    Thomas C. Hornshaw
    5
    Brian H. Martin
    26
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    22
    23
    24
    Keefe Reporting Company
    3
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1
    EXHIBITS
    2 NUMBER
    MARKED FOR I.D.
    ENTERED
    3 Hearing Exhibit No. 4
    7
    8
    4 Hearing Exhibit No. 5
    8
    8
    5 Hearing Exhibit No. 6
    18
    18
    6 Hearing Exhibit No. 7
    26
    26
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    22
    23
    24
    Keefe Reporting Company
    4
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1
    PROCEEDINGS
    2
    (July 16, 2008; 10:03 a.m.)
    3
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Good morning. I'd
    4 like to welcome everyone to this Illinois Pollution
    5 Control Board hearing in Springfield. My name is Richard
    6 McGill. I'm the assigned hearing officer for this
    7 rulemaking proceeding. It is docketed as R08-18 and is
    8 captioned "In the Matter of Proposed Amendments to
    9 Groundwater Quality Standards, 35 Illinois Administrative
    10 Code 620."
    11
    On February 19, 2008, the Board received a
    12 rulemaking proposal from the Illinois Environmental
    13 Protection Agency to amend the Board's Part 620
    14 groundwater quality standards. Today is the second
    15 hearing. No additional hearings are presently scheduled.
    16 We held the first hearing in Chicago on June 18, 2008.
    17
    Also present today on behalf of the Board is
    18 Board Member Thomas Johnson -- he's the lead board member
    19 for this rulemaking -- Board Member Andrea Moore, and
    20 from the Board's technical unit, Alisa Liu. Would any of
    21 the board members present like to make any remarks at
    22 this time? We'll go off the record for a moment.
    23
    (Off the record.)
    24
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Let me go back on
    Keefe Reporting Company
    5
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 the record. Today's proceeding is governed by the
    2 Board's procedural rules. All information that is
    3 relevant and not repetitious or privileged will be
    4 admitted into the record. We will begin with the
    5 Agency's testimony, followed by any questions the Board
    6 or members of the public may have for the Agency's
    7 witnesses. We will then proceed with the testimony of
    8 the Illinois Environmental Regulatory Group, followed by
    9 questions for IERG's witness. After that, anyone else
    10 who did not prefile testimony may testify as time
    11 permits. All those testifying will be sworn in and may
    12 be asked questions about their testimony. For those who
    13 wish to testify but who did not prefile testimony, we
    14 have a witness sign-up sheet located at the back of the
    15 room.
    16
    Toward the conclusion of today's hearing, we will
    17 take up the Agency's motion to correct the first
    18 hearing's transcript. I would ask for the benefit of the
    19 court reporter transcribing today's hearing that everyone
    20 please speak up and try not to speak too quickly or talk
    21 over one another so we have a clear transcript for the
    22 Board to consider.
    23
    Are there any questions about our procedures
    24 today? Seeing none, I would ask the court reporter to
    Keefe Reporting Company
    6
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 swear in the Agency's witnesses collectively.
    2
    (Witnesses sworn.)
    3
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Thank you. And now
    4 I ask Agency Attorney Kim Geving to begin the Agency's
    5 presentation.
    6
    MS. GEVING: Good morning. With me today to
    7 my immediate left is Gary King; to my right, Rick Cobb
    8 and Tom Hornshaw. They will be providing summaries of
    9 the testimony that we prefiled, but as an initial matter,
    10 at the last hearing, Mr. Davis had requested two missing
    11 pieces out of our testimony that were actually meant to
    12 be exhibits, and I have those today. There are also
    13 copies of those exhibits in the back on the table as well
    14 as our prefiled testimony and errata sheet number 3.
    15 This morning I'm going to have Mr. King start off with a
    16 summary of the issue on solubility.
    17
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Could I just
    18 interrupt for moment? Do you want to go ahead and make
    19 these hearing exhibits?
    20
    MS. GEVING: Yes, please.
    21
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Just real quickly,
    22 the first document is entitled "CWS Facilities Currently
    23 Exceeding the New Arsenic MCL of 0.010 milligrams per
    24 liter." That would be Exhibit 4. Is there any objection
    Keefe Reporting Company
    7
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 to entering this document as a hearing exhibit? Seeing
    2 none, that will be Exhibit 4. The second document,
    3 entitled "Distribution of Arsenic in the Mahomet Aquifer
    4 of Central Illinois, USA," would be Hearing Exhibit 5.
    5 Any objection to entering this document as a hearing
    6 exhibit? Seeing none, that will be Hearing Exhibit 5.
    7 Thank you.
    8
    MS. GEVING: Mr. King, if you would like to
    9 proceed with your summary.
    10
    MR. KING: Certainly. I'm confining my
    11 comments specifically to the request number 8, which was
    12 a request that really was focused on water solubility as
    13 the basis for class I and class II standards. My name's
    14 Gary King, and my position is I am acting bureau chief
    15 for the Bureau of Land. I've testified in many board
    16 proceedings, regulatory proceedings over the years, and
    17 one area I've particularly done a lot of testimony has
    18 been relative to -- I'm going to use the term TACO, which
    19 stands for tiered approach to corrective action
    20 objectives. The Agency has been administering TACO since
    21 1998. It's been a very effective rule in terms of
    22 allowing clean-ups within the state to move forward.
    23 There's a number of principles that are really key to
    24 making that work. One of the key principles is the fact
    Keefe Reporting Company
    8
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 that it functions on a -- with a risk-based methodology.
    2
    We've always had a close nexus between TACO and
    3 the Part 620 standards. The TACO groundwater remediation
    4 objectives, which are contained in Appendix B, Table E of
    5 TACO, were really -- they were either taken directly from
    6 Part 620 or were developed using the 620 methodologies.
    7 This -- We are certainly anticipating that this
    8 regulatory proceeding is going to result in changes in
    9 the Part 620 standards. In due course, because of that
    10 nexus between TACO and Part 620, we will be going about
    11 amending TACO to incorporate changes in the -- these
    12 rules. Currently we're working on an amendatory proposal
    13 to TACO, which we are intending to file with the Board
    14 later this summer. That proposal's going to include a
    15 new pathway and it's going to update many of -- many
    16 changes in the tier 1 remediation objectives. It's our
    17 intention that that proposal will reflect the changes in
    18 this proceeding.
    19
    As we've gone through the development of these
    20 TACO amendments, we have an advisory committee, the Site
    21 Remediation Advisory Committee, that advises us on --
    22 with regards to our TACO proposals, and they brought to
    23 our attention -- and it's always -- we always have found
    24 that to be an excellent forum for us as we're developing
    Keefe Reporting Company
    9
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 TACO regulations. They -- We get a lot of really, really
    2 excellent input from that group, and we received it in
    3 this case as well because they brought to our attention
    4 that some of the changes in Part 620 could have some
    5 unintended consequences as to the way the TACO
    6 remediation objectives are structured, and as we looked
    7 at it further, that it became pretty clear to me that
    8 there were going to be those kind of unintended
    9 consequences and that if we continued to use a
    10 contaminant solubility rather than contaminant health
    11 risks, we were going to have the TACO groundwater and
    12 soil remediation objectives for those categories not
    13 following a risk-based approach.
    14
    So in the written testimony, I gave an example of
    15 what that impact would be with regards to one of the
    16 contaminants. I won't go through the numbers on that,
    17 but the bottom-line conclusion was that we think that
    18 TACO should continue the risk-based approaches followed
    19 to date and thus have recommended that we make some
    20 changes to Part 620 numbers for certain compounds that
    21 have used solubility. That concludes my summary.
    22
    MS. GEVING: Thank you, Mr. King.
    23 Mr. Hearing Officer, would you like to proceed right to
    24 Mr. Cobb's summary? That's fine with me.
    Keefe Reporting Company
    10
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Well, I understand
    2 Mr. King may need to leave early. I -- But you can stick
    3 around for --
    4
    MR. KING: Yeah, I --
    5
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: When did you need
    6 to leave?
    7
    MR. KING: I would like to leave by noon
    8 because I -- my director --
    9
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: I don't anticipate
    10 that being a problem, but just -- does anyone at this
    11 point in time have any questions specific to Mr. King?
    12 Seeing none, we'll move on with the Agency's next
    13 witness, but if -- Mr. King, if you wouldn't mind
    14 sticking around in case something comes up.
    15
    MR. KING: Yeah, sure.
    16
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Thanks.
    17
    MS. GEVING: Mr. Cobb has actually prepared
    18 a summary in writing that he's going to read, so at this
    19 time I'd like to present that to the Board for the record
    20 as an exhibit and then let him go ahead and read it into
    21 the record, if that's acceptable.
    22
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Sure.
    23
    MS. GEVING: Mr. Cobb's summary is intended
    24 to directly address a couple of the issues that were
    Keefe Reporting Company
    11
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 raised in Mr. Martin's testimony, so with that, Mr. Cobb,
    2 if you'd go ahead.
    3
    MR. COBB: I thank you very much. The
    4 main -- There are three kind of areas that I just wanted
    5 to touch upon just because of maybe some slightly
    6 different viewpoints on a couple of statements. The
    7 first issue that was brought up was in regard to the --
    8 using "commonly detected," which is one of the factors,
    9 among several, that the Board must consider in developing
    10 groundwater quality standards, and correctly stated,
    11 they're part of how we came up with some of the proposed
    12 standards, was as stated in Mr. Martin's testimony.
    13 Our -- In regards to the concept of commonly detected, we
    14 have kind of a slightly different viewpoint and maybe a
    15 kind of a bigger picture. We also -- We informed IERG
    16 that we -- from a historical context --
    17
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: I'm sorry. If we
    18 could just interrupt for a moment. Mr. Davis?
    19
    MR. DAVIS: I have two points, first being
    20 I -- could I please get a copy of his --
    21
    MS. GEVING: You bet.
    22
    MR. DAVIS: And the second being, are we
    23 summarizing the prefiled testimony or are we adding
    24 additional substance to the discussion?
    Keefe Reporting Company
    12
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: This is additional
    2 substance. This would not be a summary of prefiled
    3 testimony, which I'm still expecting to hear, but I think
    4 they can provide new testimony. I don't think we're
    5 going to run out of time.
    6
    MR. DAVIS: I just want to make sure that we
    7 were clear that this was not a summary.
    8
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Yeah, this is not
    9 a -- as I understand it --
    10
    MR. COBB: No.
    11
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: -- and Ms. Geving
    12 can correct me if I'm wrong -- this is new testimony --
    13
    MR. COBB: That's correct.
    14
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: -- not a summary of
    15 the prefiled testimony.
    16
    MR. COBB: That's correct.
    17
    MS. GEVING: Thank you.
    18
    MR. COBB: So basically, the first issue
    19 raised by the Illinois Environmental Regulatory Group
    20 regarded the preference for numerical water quality
    21 standards, especially where specific contaminants have
    22 been commonly detected in groundwater, as described in
    23 the Illinois Groundwater Protection Act, 415 ILCS
    24 55/8(b)(3). The Illinois Environmental Regulatory Group
    Keefe Reporting Company
    13
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 questioned how the Agency defined "commonly detected."
    2 The Illinois Environmental Regulatory Group subsequently
    3 learned that the meaning was established using a process
    4 by which the Illinois EPA's Bureau of Land developed a
    5 database on sampling results from solid waste and other
    6 regulated sites. IERG is uncertain that the procedure
    7 used to defined "commonly detected" is appropriate or
    8 whether it is more analogous to finding contaminants
    9 where one would expect them to be found and extrapolating
    10 that finding to the remainder of the state.
    11
    Illinois EPA also informed IERG that we have been
    12 from a historical context and still are directed by other
    13 provisions of the Illinois Environmental Protection Act,
    14 the Illinois Groundwater Protection Act, and specifically
    15 415 ILCS 55/8(a), in proposing groundwater standards as
    16 follows: "The Agency, after consultation with the
    17 committee and council, shall propose regulations
    18 establishing comprehensive water quality standards which
    19 are specifically for the protection of groundwater,"
    20 emphasis added on that phrase. "In preparing such
    21 regulations, the Agency shall address, to the extent
    22 feasible, those contaminants which have been found in the
    23 groundwaters of the state" -- emphasis added -- "and
    24 which are known to cause or suspected of causing cancer,
    Keefe Reporting Company
    14
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 birth defects or any other adverse effect on human health
    2 according to nationally accepted guidelines. Such
    3 regulations shall be submitted to the Board by July 1,
    4 1989."
    5
    As emphasized above, the purpose of the
    6 groundwater standards, which includes non-degradation
    7 provisions, are for the protection of groundwater.
    8 Moreover, the intent of the Act, the Illinois Groundwater
    9 Protection Act, and the groundwater standards is to be --
    10 prevent -- the intent is not to wait till contaminants
    11 are widespread or commonly detected on an ambient basis.
    12 This approach would defeat the purpose of protecting the
    13 resource.
    14
    Furthermore, the standards are not corrective
    15 action or clean-up objectives or clean-up standards. The
    16 Illinois Pollution Control Board final order and opinion
    17 on groundwater quality standards, 35 Illinois
    18 Administrative Code Part 620, docket R89-14(B), which was
    19 adopted November 17 of 1991, indicated the following on
    20 page 25: "It's important to remember, however, that
    21 these are groundwater quality standards and not clean-up
    22 standards."
    23
    The second issue that I'd like to comment on is
    24 impact on coal combustion by-product use, CCB. The
    Keefe Reporting Company
    15
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 Illinois EPA will need to have further discussions with
    2 the Agency and the Office of Mines and Minerals in regard
    3 to CCB use in mines, and I have a couple questions there
    4 for when after Brian testifies in regarding asking for
    5 some of the actual data on those. And in addition, just
    6 an additional comment here, per personal communication
    7 with Scott Fowler at the Office of Mines and Minerals,
    8 Scott -- Mr. Fowler indicated that even if the metals
    9 exceeded the ASTM standards that are required in their
    10 rules for use in mines that he could still approve that
    11 process. So that's in addition to what I have here in
    12 this written testimony.
    13
    The third issue is irrigation as the basis for
    14 the class II standards. IERG provided that Illinois EPA
    15 has stated that the basis for proposed class II
    16 groundwater standards for arsenic, molybdenum and
    17 vanadium is irrigation and livestock watering, from the
    18 National Academy of Sciences, 1972, Water Quality
    19 Criteria; see prefiled testimony of Richard P. Cobb in
    20 the matter of Proposed Amendments to Groundwater Quality
    21 Standards, 35 Illinois Admin Code 620, R0-18, at 14,
    22 Illinois Pollution Control Board, May 29, 2008;
    23 hereinafter, Cobb testimony. Yet the Illinois EPA has
    24 made no further explanation of the applicability or the
    Keefe Reporting Company
    16
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 validity of that report in determining the suitability of
    2 groundwater for such uses in Illinois.
    3
    The Board's final order and opinion on
    4 groundwater quality standards at 35 Illinois Admin Code
    5 620, docket R89-14(B), adopted November 17 of 1991,
    6 indicated the following on the bottom of page 9 [sic] and
    7 the top of page 20: "Section 620.420 establishes
    8 standards for Class II: General Resource Groundwaters.
    9 Because groundwaters are placed in class II because they
    10 are quality-limited, quantity-limited or both (see
    11 Subpart B discussion above), it is necessary that the
    12 standards that apply to these waters reflect a range of
    13 possible attributes. Among the factors considered in
    14 determining the class II numbers are the capabilities of
    15 treatment technologies to bring class II waters to
    16 qualities suitable for use (R3 at 75). Thus, many class
    17 II standards are based on MCLs as modified to reflect
    18 treatment capabilities. For some parameters, the class
    19 II standards are based on support of a use other than
    20 potability (e.g., livestock watering, irrigation,
    21 industrial use) where a different use requires a more
    22 stringent standard, (R3 114-8)."
    23
    The current class II standards adopted by the
    24 Board for arsenic, beryllium, boron, cadmium, chromium,
    Keefe Reporting Company
    17
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 cobalt, lead, manganese, mercury, nickel, nitrate and
    2 zinc were based on livestock or irrigation factors using
    3 the 1972 Water Quality Criteria. The Board found this
    4 approach to have merit. Therefore, the class II
    5 groundwater standards for arsenic, molybdenum and
    6 vanadium were also based on the protection of irrigation
    7 and livestock. And that concludes my supplemental
    8 testimony.
    9
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Would you like to
    10 have this written summary entered into the record as a
    11 hearing exhibit?
    12
    MS. GEVING: I would.
    13
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: That would be
    14 Hearing Exhibit 6. Are there any objections? No
    15 objection. That will be entered as Hearing Exhibit 6 as
    16 a response to IERG comments. Do you have an additional
    17 summary of the prefiled testimony to provide or --
    18
    MS. GEVING: We do not. We thought at this
    19 point we'd open it up for questions.
    20
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Okay. Why don't we
    21 go off the record for a moment.
    22
    (Discussion held off the record.)
    23
    (Brief recess taken.)
    24
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Ms. Geving, the
    Keefe Reporting Company
    18
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 Agency at this point has concluded its presentation?
    2
    MS. GEVING: We have.
    3
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Thank you. Why
    4 don't we at this point move on to questions for the
    5 Agency's witnesses. I would ask if you are a member of
    6 the public and have a question if you would signal me,
    7 and after I acknowledge you, state your name and, if
    8 applicable, your title and any organization you're
    9 representing here today. Before the Board proceeds with
    10 its questions, does anyone else have any questions for
    11 any of the Agency's witnesses? Go ahead. Your name?
    12
    MR. HOPKINS: My name is Leonard Hopkins.
    13 I'm with the Southern Illinois Power Cooperative. I
    14 guess I have a question regarding the last witness, just
    15 brief. In his discussion with Scott Fowler of Illinois
    16 Department of Natural Resources, he said Mr. Fowler
    17 claimed that he could grant a permit for mine reclamation
    18 irregardless of the ASTM limits. I wondered how the EPA
    19 would handle that. I mean, if the rule is still the
    20 rule, how will a grant or permit by IDNR make any
    21 difference in the EPA's enforcement of that rule?
    22
    MR. COBB: Well, the Act, on that particular
    23 matter, the issue flows from being an EPA jurisdiction to
    24 a DNR jurisdiction, and it's their rules that dictate and
    Keefe Reporting Company
    19
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 how they operate it dictate the findings, and so we don't
    2 really have input on that other than how we normally deal
    3 with mines and minerals on groundwater protection issues
    4 relative to mining and that sort of thing, so it would
    5 ultimately be Mr. Fowler's -- you know, for example, he's
    6 going to look at a surface coal mine or an open pit mine
    7 that's already been mined, and placing this material in
    8 there, he would have probably already made determinations
    9 for any of the other metals in understanding the
    10 environmental fate and transport. It's really going to
    11 take very little, then, molybdenum, arsenic and these
    12 other things, not being much different than the other
    13 metals that may have already had a determination for CCB,
    14 because those are going in the mine right now. What
    15 he'll be looking at is, you know, is that going to affect
    16 any off-site groundwater outside of that permitted area,
    17 and many of these are class IV groundwaters. That may
    18 not mean anything to you, but that's kind of a different
    19 set of standards for coal mining separate from class I or
    20 class II or class III standards, so --
    21
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Ms. Geving?
    22
    MS. GEVING: Just a question for purposes of
    23 clarification. Mr. Cobb, when you were referencing the
    24 Act in shifting the jurisdiction over to the Department
    Keefe Reporting Company
    20
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 of Natural Resources, were you referring to
    2 Section 3.135, which is the definition of coal combustion
    3 by-products, specifically Subsection B?
    4
    MR. COBB: Yes.
    5
    MS. GEVING: Thank you.
    6
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Thank you. Is
    7 the -- Does the Agency know if DNR's Office of Mines and
    8 Minerals has promulgated rules concerning these
    9 beneficial use determinations?
    10
    MR. COBB: I believe they have, yeah,
    11 because they -- I mean, they do it all the time. I mean,
    12 this is something that is happening ongoing.
    13
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Is that something
    14 that the Agency can just provide a citation to the Board?
    15
    MR. COBB: Absolutely. Scott is a member of
    16 our interagency coordinating committee on groundwater,
    17 and so that's how we have that contact and interaction.
    18 We'd be happy to get that from Scott, pass it on to the
    19 Board.
    20
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Thank you.
    21
    MS. GEVING: It's also our intent to talk
    22 with Mr. Fowler to perhaps do a public comment on this
    23 issue at the end of the rulemaking.
    24
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Great. Thank you.
    Keefe Reporting Company
    21
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 Any further questions for the Agency's witnesses? The
    2 Board has some additional questions we'd like to pose.
    3 Member Moore?
    4
    BOARD MEMBER MOORE: Well, I just was
    5 looking at one of the exhibits that you presented, and
    6 this is the summary of the "Distribution of Arsenic in
    7 the Mahomet Aquifer," and as I was looking through, I was
    8 curious, because in this summary it doesn't really say
    9 where these high concentrations of arsenic are proposed
    10 to come from, and I wondered if they are assumed to be
    11 naturally occurring or is there -- where does the -- what
    12 causes this high concentration of arsenic in this
    13 aquifer?
    14
    MR. COBB: For the most part, it's naturally
    15 occurring. It's a geochemical reaction that has a lot to
    16 do with the oxidation reduction state of the groundwater,
    17 which obviously -- well, I shouldn't say that -- strike
    18 that -- which is a factor of in some cases pumping in the
    19 area. For example, a community well may be right next to
    20 a private well. The community pulls in or captures
    21 larger quantities of groundwater, and that may be more
    22 oxygen rich, whereas right next door in the same aquifer
    23 you may have a private well that pumps much less quantity
    24 of water. It may not have the same oxygen rich. It may
    Keefe Reporting Company
    22
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 be more of a reducing environment. And so you can have
    2 much higher concentrations not because of the depths but
    3 just because of that geochemical reaction between
    4 oxidation and reduction in the very same aquifer, and
    5 that's what all the research is showing thus far. At the
    6 point of time that this was done, some of those answers
    7 weren't even available when we first did this joint
    8 publication, but since that time there have been several
    9 publications on that.
    10
    BOARD MEMBER MOORE: Have any other studies
    11 been done anywhere else in the state?
    12
    MR. COBB: Other than the --
    13
    BOARD MEMBER MOORE: Similar to this.
    14
    MR. COBB: -- Mahomet?
    15
    BOARD MEMBER MOORE: Uh-huh.
    16
    MR. COBB: I'm not sure. I'd have to go
    17 back and look at that.
    18
    BOARD MEMBER MOORE: Thank you.
    19
    MR. COBB: But the reaction should be very
    20 similar in the same -- not necessarily just specific to
    21 this aquifer, though. I mean, it's -- if they're in a
    22 sand and gravel aquifer, the same geochemical reaction
    23 could happen wherever it was located. So we always base
    24 the inorganic standards, the number except due to natural
    Keefe Reporting Company
    23
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 causes, so --
    2
    BOARD MEMBER MOORE: Thank you.
    3
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Why don't we go off
    4 the record for a moment.
    5
    (Off the record.)
    6
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: We'll go back on
    7 the record.
    8
    MS. LIU: Good morning. This question is
    9 probably best for either Mr. Hornshaw or Mr. Cobb. In
    10 the discussion of chloroform on page 2 of your prefiled
    11 testimony, the Agency refers to USEPA's maximum
    12 contaminant level goal, or MCLG, of 0.07 milligrams per
    13 liter in the Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfectants
    14 By-products Rule. We were wondering if the Agency could
    15 please provide a Federal Register citation for the USEPA
    16 rule.
    17
    MR. COBB: We can get that, yeah.
    18
    MS. LIU: Okay. Great. And there's a part
    19 two to this question, also with respect to chloroform.
    20 Other than the fact that 0.07 milligrams per liter, that
    21 value was taken from a promulgated federal rule, is there
    22 any other reason that the Agency is proposing that value
    23 over the lower value of 0.0027 milligrams per liter?
    24
    MR. HORNSHAW: Yes. In that rule, the EPA
    Keefe Reporting Company
    24
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 states that the MCLG is protective against both cancer
    2 and non-cancer health effects. They use the -- I believe
    3 they did not develop the cancer slope factor, but I think
    4 they are treating it as if it was a non-carcinogen; in
    5 other words, it has some kind of a threshold below which
    6 you don't see the carcinogenic activity. So our
    7 reasoning in preferring the MCLG is that we are being
    8 protective of cancer, if you believe EPA's promulgated
    9 rule, so that it's not necessary to go to the lower
    10 value, which comes from a California EPA cancer slope
    11 factor.
    12
    MS. LIU: Thank you very much.
    13
    MR. HORNSHAW: Thanks.
    14
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: This is a question
    15 I have for IERG later, but since the Agency's been
    16 testifying on the beneficial use determinations, I just
    17 wanted to ask for the Agency what the informational
    18 requirements are for receiving a beneficial use
    19 determination. Are those in rules or policy or --
    20
    MS. GEVING: We're going to have to get back
    21 to you on that one.
    22
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Okay. Thank you.
    23 Are there any other questions for any of the Agency's
    24 witnesses? Seeing none, I'd like to thank you all for
    Keefe Reporting Company
    25
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 participating today, and we will move on with the
    2 testimony of the Illinois Environmental Regulatory Group.
    3 I would ask the court reporter to go ahead and swear in
    4 IERG's witness.
    5
    (Witness sworn.)
    6
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: At this point I'd
    7 like to turn it over to counsel for IERG, Alec Davis.
    8
    MR. DAVIS: I'd like to offer the prefiled
    9 testimony of Brian H. Martin on behalf of IERG.
    10
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Thank you. Is
    11 there any objection to entering as a hearing exhibit the
    12 prefiled testimony of Brian Martin? Seeing none, that
    13 will be entered as Hearing Exhibit 7. Thank you. Go
    14 ahead.
    15
    MR. DAVIS: Brian, if you'd like to present
    16 your summary.
    17
    MR. MARTIN: Okay. Good morning. My name's
    18 Brian Martin. I'm employed by Ameren Services in
    19 St. Louis, Missouri. I'm also chairman of the Corrective
    20 Action Workgroup within the Illinois Environmental
    21 Regulatory Group and chairman of the Illinois Site
    22 Remediation Advisory Committee. My testimony reflects
    23 the opinions of both IERG and SRAC in this matter.
    24
    I just -- I want to again commend the IEPA and
    Keefe Reporting Company
    26
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 the Board for its flexibility and willingness to accept
    2 for consideration our issues with respect to the
    3 solubility issue in the 620 regulations. We know it was
    4 a kind of a late notice issue and we appreciate everyone
    5 working with us in the resolution of that issue.
    6
    We had requested some other information to
    7 support some of the determinations in the proposed rules
    8 with respect to the issue of commonly occurring
    9 chemicals. We had submitted a Freedom of Information Act
    10 request to the IEPA last week to obtain the database that
    11 was used to make that determination. The response was
    12 due to us today, so we haven't seen that information, nor
    13 have we seen Mr. Cobb's testimony that was entered today,
    14 so we're not in a position to respond to that testimony
    15 today. We'd like the opportunity to follow up in writing
    16 for those issues. That's -- I guess that's it for my
    17 summary. I'd be glad to answer questions.
    18
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Thanks. Does
    19 anyone have any questions for Mr. Martin?
    20
    MS. GEVING: I have one.
    21
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Miss Geving?
    22
    MS. GEVING: On page 5 of your testimony,
    23 Mr. Martin, you're talking about it coming to IERG's
    24 attention that leachate from coal combustion by-product
    Keefe Reporting Company
    27
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 has potential to exceed the proposed class I groundwater
    2 standards for molybdenum and potentially exceed the class
    3 I groundwater standards for other metals, and I was just
    4 wondering if you have a list of sites around the state
    5 that you could provide to us with any data.
    6
    MR. MARTIN: We don't have anything readily
    7 available. This was provided by input from our members,
    8 and I don't know if it's anecdotal information or if
    9 there is specific analytical data that's available, but
    10 we'll go back to members and put together what we have
    11 for you.
    12
    MS. GEVING: We would appreciate that.
    13 That's all I have.
    14
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Any further
    15 questions for this witness? Okay. The Board has just a
    16 few questions.
    17
    MS. GEVING: I'm sorry. We have one more
    18 question. Mr. Cobb would like to ask a question.
    19
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Go ahead.
    20
    MR. COBB: Mr. Martin, in -- on your
    21 testimony on page 3 at the top there, that top paragraph,
    22 last sentence where it's stating, "IERG is uncertain that
    23 the procedure used to define 'commonly detected' is
    24 appropriate or whether it's more analogous to finding
    Keefe Reporting Company
    28
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 contaminants where one would expect them to be found,"
    2 can you respond to what do you mean by finding
    3 contaminants where one would expect them to be found?
    4
    MR. MARTIN: Well, we were -- this is a
    5 follow-up to our discussion at the meeting with SRAC --
    6 and we did that last week -- and it goes back to our
    7 curiosity about the database that was used to make the
    8 determination. We're curious as to whether your database
    9 looks at contaminated sites such as mines, landfills,
    10 remediation sites, UST sites, things like that, or if the
    11 suggestion that these compounds are commonly occurring is
    12 suggestive that it somehow represents groundwater in the
    13 state and this is a wider-spread issue. We don't know
    14 the answer to this. That's why we were looking to obtain
    15 the database for review.
    16
    MR. COBB: Well, let me -- just a follow-up
    17 on finding contaminants where one would expect them to be
    18 found. Are contaminants of that type expected to be
    19 found in waters of the state? I mean, are they naturally
    20 occurring or anthropogenic?
    21
    MR. MARTIN: They could be both, and the
    22 issue is -- our interest -- like I say, we don't have an
    23 answer. We're just curious at this point. We'd like to
    24 get more information from the IEPA. For example, you
    Keefe Reporting Company
    29
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 might expect to find some of these metals in landfill
    2 leachate, but it may not necessarily be a state-wide
    3 groundwater issue. That's the distinction we're trying
    4 to make.
    5
    MR. COBB: At those sites, are -- is -- are
    6 the -- is the groundwater underlying those sites waters
    7 of the state or is it water somehow specifically
    8 designated for a landfill with the leachate?
    9
    MR. DAVIS: Are you asking him to --
    10
    MR. COBB: Yeah, I'm asking the question --
    11
    MR. DAVIS: -- define what the statute
    12 considers to be waters of the state?
    13
    MR. COBB: I'm asking him if -- you know,
    14 once again, finding contaminants where one would expect
    15 them to be found --
    16
    MR. MARTIN: I would presume that some of
    17 these locations will -- there'll be a range of
    18 conditions. Some of them perhaps may be class IV
    19 groundwater all the way up to at least class II, and
    20 until we obtain the information, we don't know what we're
    21 looking at.
    22
    MR. COBB: All right.
    23
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: I had a question --
    24 a related question, Mr. Martin. Does IERG at this point
    Keefe Reporting Company
    30
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 have any recommendations on additional or alternative
    2 criteria for identifying commonly detected chemical
    3 constituents on a state-wide basis?
    4
    MR. MARTIN: I think it's our hope that
    5 we'll be able to provide some sort of a recommendation,
    6 and we're hoping to obtain the database to review what
    7 they did so we can see what we would believe to be
    8 reasonable.
    9
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Thank you.
    10
    MS. LIU: Good morning, Mr. Martin.
    11
    MR. MARTIN: Good morning.
    12
    MS. LIU: Miss Geving's earlier question
    13 started to get into this and I kind of wanted to follow
    14 through with it more. On pages 5 and 6 of your prefiled
    15 testimony you talk about the leachate from the CCB or the
    16 coal combustion by-products having the potential to
    17 exceed the proposed class I groundwater standards for
    18 molybdenum and other metals. Additionally, then you also
    19 state, quote, "If, after further investigation, this
    20 potential is found to demonstrate the reality of the
    21 situation, the potential to put such CCB to beneficial
    22 use may be severely restricted," end quote. I was
    23 wondering if you could please clarify whether IERG or any
    24 of IERG's members are currently conducting an
    Keefe Reporting Company
    31
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 investigation to evaluate the implications of the
    2 proposed groundwater standards on the beneficial use of
    3 CCB and, if so, to describe those studies and perhaps if
    4 the results of those studies might be available within
    5 the time period of the rulemaking.
    6
    MR. MARTIN: I'm not aware of any such
    7 studies. I'm certain that they -- that many members have
    8 looked at the proposed standards, and as I mentioned --
    9 as I explained to Ms. Geving, either anecdotally or
    10 perhaps with data, they know that their CCB may exceed
    11 for one or more of these compounds or these metals. I
    12 don't know that it's gone any farther than that. We'll
    13 find out and provide written comments to that effect.
    14
    MS. LIU: When you do, it would also be
    15 helpful if you could discuss what those other metals
    16 might be as well. Thank you very much.
    17
    MR. MARTIN: You're welcome.
    18
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: That was the
    19 reference to molybdenum and other metals concerned.
    20 Thank you. Mr. Martin, on page 6 of your prefiled
    21 testimony you acknowledge that when coal combustion waste
    22 does not meet the statutorily required class I
    23 groundwater standards, the Environmental Protection Act
    24 provides the opportunity for beneficial use determination
    Keefe Reporting Company
    32
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 by either the Agency or the Office of Mines and Minerals
    2 within DNR depending on the specific beneficial use being
    3 proposed. You also state that IERG is concerned that
    4 such approvals, which you indicate require detailed
    5 site-specific analyses, may reduce the incentive to put
    6 coal combustion waste to beneficial use. I was wondering
    7 if you could provide any testimony on the Agency's or the
    8 DNR's informational requirements for demonstrating -- the
    9 necessary demonstration or informational requirements for
    10 receiving a beneficial use determination.
    11
    MR. MARTIN: I don't know specifically what
    12 the informational requirements are. We'll put those
    13 together and get them to you.
    14
    MR. DAVIS: I -- Is it then also similar to
    15 the request that they provide the statutory basis for
    16 making beneficial use determinations?
    17
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Yes. The statutory
    18 basis -- at least in terms of the Environmental
    19 Protection Act, the CCB definition -- I in particular was
    20 wondering about any DNR or Agency rules or policies with
    21 respect to the application process.
    22
    MR. DAVIS: Did you not ask Mr. Cobb to
    23 provide a reference to the rulemaking by the Office of
    24 Mines and Minerals specifying how they make
    Keefe Reporting Company
    33
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 determinations of beneficial use?
    2
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Correct.
    3
    MR. DAVIS: Okay.
    4
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Correct.
    5
    MR. DAVIS: So this is the same thing?
    6
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Well, I'm more
    7 concerned about IERG and its members, and you're
    8 indicating that it's a detailed process, so if you could
    9 give an indication of how much it costs to put an
    10 application together --
    11
    MR. DAVIS: I see. Okay.
    12
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: -- you know, the
    13 economic and technical difficulties that you might face
    14 in trying to obtain a beneficial use determination, and
    15 also any experience in obtaining them or being denied --
    16
    MR. DAVIS: Okay.
    17
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: -- with either the
    18 Agency or DNR.
    19
    MR. DAVIS: We'll get that to you.
    20
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Thank you. Are
    21 there any other questions for IERG's witness? Seeing
    22 none, I'd like to thank IERG's witness, Mr. Davis for
    23 their participation today, and why don't we go off the
    24 record for a moment.
    Keefe Reporting Company
    34
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1
    (Off the record.)
    2
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Is there anyone
    3 else who wishes to testify today? I believe there was
    4 a Mr. Morgan, Jack Morgan I thought I saw on the
    5 witness --
    6
    MR. NORMAN: You probably saw Jack Norman.
    7
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: I apologize.
    8
    MR. NORMAN: Scribbled, maybe.
    9
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Okay. Sir, if you
    10 would have the court -- would you like to testify?
    11
    MR. NORMAN: I think I can pass. Thank you.
    12
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Okay. Fair enough.
    13 Anyone else interested in testifying today? Okay.
    14 Seeing no response, I'll move on to a few procedural
    15 issues before we adjourn.
    16
    Anyone may file written public comments on this
    17 rulemaking with the clerk of the Board up to at least 45
    18 days after any first notice proposal is public in the
    19 Illinois Register. However, to ensure that your public
    20 comment is considered by the Board in any first notice
    21 decision, I am setting a pre-first notice public comment
    22 filing deadline of September 12, 2008. Public comments
    23 may be filed with the clerk in paper or through the
    24 Board's Web-based Clerk's Office On-Line, known as COOL.
    Keefe Reporting Company
    35
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 Please note that all filings with the clerk of the Board
    2 must also be served on the hearing officer and on those
    3 persons on the service list for this rulemaking. For
    4 that pre-first notice public comment filing deadline, the
    5 mailbox rule will not apply, which means that the clerk's
    6 office must have the public comment in hand no later than
    7 September 12.
    8
    Copies of the transcript of today's hearing
    9 should be available on the Board's Web site by July 28.
    10 Let me go off the record for a moment.
    11
    (Discussion held off the record.)
    12
    HEARING OFFICER MCGILL: Lastly, the Agency
    13 on July 11, 2008, filed a motion to correct the first
    14 hearing's transcript. Is there any objection to granting
    15 that motion? I see no objection, and in the interest of
    16 public commenters knowing how the first hearing's
    17 transcript should correctly read, I grant the Agency's
    18 motion now before the expiration of the 14-day response
    19 period.
    20
    In addition, there's a change that I would like
    21 to mention. It's, again, in the first hearing
    22 transcript, page 65, line 7. For context, the transcript
    23 reads, "On March 26, 2008, the Board accepts DCEO's
    24 request to conduct an EcIS on the Agency's rulemaking
    Keefe Reporting Company
    36
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 proposal." That should read, "On March 26, 2008, the
    2 Board sent DCEO a request to conduct an EcIS on the
    3 Agency's rulemaking proposal." That's in lines 6 through
    4 8 on page 65. Is there any objection to making that
    5 correction? Seeing none, that line of the transcript
    6 will be corrected.
    7
    Are there any other matters that need to be
    8 addressed at this time? Seeing none, I would like to
    9 thank everyone for participating today, and this hearing
    10 is adjourned.
    11
    (Hearing adjourned.)
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    22
    23
    24
    Keefe Reporting Company
    37
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    1 STATE OF ILLINOIS )
    ) SS
    2 COUNTY OF BOND
    )
    3
    4
    I, KAREN WAUGH, a Notary Public and Certified
    5 Shorthand Reporter in and for the County of Bond, State
    6 of Illinois, DO HEREBY CERTIFY that I was present at the
    7 Illinois Pollution Control Board, Springfield, Illinois,
    8 on July 16, 2008, and did record the aforesaid Hearing;
    9 that same was taken down in shorthand by me and
    10 afterwards transcribed, and that the above and foregoing
    11 is a true and correct transcript of said Hearing.
    12
    IN WITNESS WHEREOF I have hereunto set my hand
    13 and affixed my Notarial Seal this 27th day of July, 2008.
    14
    15
    16
    __________________________
    17
    Notary Public--CSR
    18
    #084-003688
    19
    20
    21
    22
    23
    24
    Keefe Reporting Company
    38
    Electronic Filing - Received, Clerk's Office, July 28, 2008

    Back to top