ILLINOIS POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD
    January 22,
    1987
    IN
    THE
    MATTER OF:
    )
    )
    SITE- SPECIFIC
    RULEMAKING
    )
    R8 5-15
    FOR
    THE
    SANITARY
    DISTRICT
    OF DECATUR, ILLINOIS
    )
    ADOPTED RULE.
    FINAL ORDER.
    FINAL OPINION AND ORDER OF THE BOARD
    (by
    J.
    Anderson):
    PROCEDURAL HISTORY
    On
    May 31,
    1985,
    the
    Sanitary District of Decatur
    (“District”) filed
    a petition for site-specific rulemaking with
    the Board.
    Specifically, the District requests that
    it
    be
    granted exception from
    35
    Ill. Adm.
    Code 304.120(c),
    which
    presently limits discharges from the District’s sewage treatment
    works to
    10 mg/i
    of five-day biochemical oxygen demand
    (BODs)
    (STORET number 00310) and
    12 mg/i of suspended solids
    (STOR~T
    number 00530).
    In place of these limits, the District proposes
    that its discharge be subject to BOD5 not to exceed
    20 mg/i and
    suspended solids not
    to exceed
    25 mg/i.
    Hearing was held
    in this matter September
    9,
    1985,
    at the
    Decatur Public Library.
    At hearing the Illinois Environmental
    Protection Agency (“Agency”)
    indicated its support for the
    District’s request, and presented testimony to that effect.
    A
    statement favoring the District’s request was also made by
    Richard
    J.
    Lutovsky, President of the Metro Decatur Chamber of
    Commerce.
    No objections
    to the District’s request have been
    received by the Board, either at hearing or through filings.
    The Illinois Department of Energy and Natural Resources made
    a “Negative Declaration” of economic impact
    in this matter on
    December
    5,
    1985, noting the declaration is appropriate based on
    the statutory criteria in Ill. Rev.
    Stat.,
    Ch.
    92 1/2, par.
    7404(d)(2).
    The Economic Technical Advisory Committee concurred
    in this determination on December
    6,
    1985.
    The Board adopted
    a first notice proposed Opinion and Order
    on January
    23,
    1986,
    notice of which was published
    in 10 Illinois
    Register
    3746,
    February
    21,
    1986.
    The rules as proposed by the
    Board would have granted the requested relief, but would also
    have imposed restrictions on ammonia-nitrogen concentrations, and
    would have provided for termination or “sunset” of the rule
    in
    the year
    2000.
    75.126

    -2-
    On March
    17,
    1986,
    the Board received written comments from
    the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (Agency), which also
    contain submissions from the District.
    On March 25,
    1986, the
    District submitted an independent filing
    in which it adopts and
    supports the Agency’s comments; no other comment was received.
    The Agency comments specifically addressed these and other
    issues,
    as requested in the First Notice Opinion.
    Based on
    review of these
    comments,
    as well as the prior record in its
    second notice Opinion and Order of April
    10,
    1986 the Board
    deleted both of these limitations.
    As its January
    13,
    1987 meeting, the Joint Committee on
    Administrative Rules issued
    a certificate
    of no objection to the
    proposed rules.
    The Board accordingly adopts
    as final rules the
    BOD5 and TSS limits
    as originally requested by Decatur, as
    set
    forth in the Order below.
    BACKGROUND
    The
    Sanitary
    District
    of
    Decatur is located
    in Decatur in
    Macon County,
    Illinois,
    at the address of 501 Dipper Lane,
    Decatur,
    Illinois
    62522.
    The
    wastewater
    treatment
    facility
    is
    located
    at
    mile
    point
    126.4
    on
    the
    Sangamon
    River
    on
    the
    southwest
    side
    of
    the
    City
    of
    Decatur,
    Illinois.
    The
    District
    provides
    sewage treatment service to approximately 136,700
    residents
    in the City of Decatur and adjoining areas, and to
    industrial
    customers
    which
    contribute
    49.5
    of
    the
    total
    flow
    and
    59.3
    of the total organic loading.
    The City of Decatur
    is
    served primarily by a combined sewer system;
    however, more recent
    additions and expansions are serviced by separate sanitary and
    storm sewer systems.
    The District
    is presently engaged
    in
    a large-scale
    facilities improvement program.
    Approximately $25 million of
    construction was
    in progress
    at
    the time of filing of the
    petition.
    The entire program, absent the requested relief,
    is
    estimated to cost approximately $147 million and
    is scheduled for
    completion by December 1990.
    Planned facilities include:
    bar
    screens,
    grit chambers, circular primary clarifiers,
    secondary
    fine-bubble aeration basins, circular secondary clarifiers,
    nitrification fine-bubble aeration basins, circular nitrification
    clarifiers,
    effluent pumps, chlorination facilities,
    sludge
    return facilities,
    digested sludge storage, sludge land-
    application equipment, and tertiary filters.
    The District also
    plans
    to provide treatment of the first
    flush pollutants
    at five
    combined sewer overflow locations
    (Petition,
    p.
    10).
    The
    United
    States
    Environmental
    Protection
    Agency
    (“USEPA”)
    has
    reviewed
    the
    construction
    program
    and
    has
    approved
    and
    75.127

    —3—
    committed
    to
    participating
    in
    funding
    all
    major
    elements
    of
    the
    program except
    the tertiary filters.
    The USEPA position
    is that
    tertiary
    filtration
    is
    not
    necessary
    to
    achieve
    Illinois’
    water
    quality
    standards,
    and
    hence
    it
    has
    deferred
    funding
    on
    this
    matter
    (R.
    at
    135).
    Accordingly,
    if
    the
    filters
    were
    to
    be
    emplaced
    under
    present
    circumstances,
    the
    cost
    would
    have
    to
    be
    borne in full by the State and the District,
    in approximately
    equal shares
    (R.
    at
    136)
    Granting
    of
    the requested relief would
    in fact allow the
    District
    to exclude the proposed tertiary filters from its
    construction program,
    as well
    as allow alternate design of the
    overall effluent pumping system.
    In combination it
    is asserted
    that these would entail a construction cost reduction of
    approximately $9.2 million (Petition at
    4;
    R.
    at 93,
    100,
    122),
    S4.7 million of which would be savings directly to the residents
    of the District and the rest
    savings
    to the State
    (R.
    at
    122)
    The District would also realize an annual operations
    savings of
    approximately $87,000 (Petition p. at
    4;
    R.
    at 93).
    The saving
    of these sums constitutes Petitioner’s principal purpose for
    requesting the desired relief
    (R.
    at
    93).
    ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
    Under normal conditions, effluent discharge from the
    District’s treatment facilities constitutes the primary flow in
    the Sangamon River
    at and below the District’s outfall.
    This
    condition exists
    in part due to the location of the outfall with
    respect to Lake Decatur, which is located approximately four
    miles upstream from the outfall.
    During prolonged dry weather
    water
    is retained in the lake to maintain pool elevation,
    with
    a
    corresponding loss to downstream flow.
    Thus,
    the
    30-day 10-year
    low-flow downstreams from the Lake Decatur dam is 0 cubic feet
    per second
    (cfs)
    during all months except April, May,
    and June,
    when it is
    75,
    95,
    and 63 cfs, respectively
    (Ex.
    5, Table
    1).
    Interest
    in quality water
    in the Sangamon River
    below the
    District’s outfall extends
    beyond the mandate of protecting the
    integrity of instream uses.
    The Sangamon River also offers the
    potential
    for
    withdrawal
    uses,
    including
    use
    as
    a
    raw
    source
    for
    domestic water.
    At present,
    the City of Springfield, which
    is
    located approximately
    48 miles downstream,
    is considering the use
    of the Sangamon River as an emergency supplementary source of
    water
    (Petition,
    p.
    8),
    and other similar withdrawal uses are
    possible.
    The District asserts, and the Agency concurs, that granting
    of the requested relief will not prevent Petitioner from
    complying with present water quality standards
    in
    the
    Sangamon
    River.
    75.128

    -4—
    In 1982 the Agency, along with the Illinois Department of
    Conservation and the United States Geological Survey, conducted
    an intensive field
    study and stream modeling of the Sangamon
    River
    in
    the
    reach
    between
    Decatur
    and
    Springfield.
    Results
    have
    been published by the Agency
    in a three volume report titled
    Water Quality Assessment of
    a Major Portion of Sangamon River
    Basin,
    dated March 31,
    1983,
    and presented
    as Joint Agency and
    Petitioner’s Exhibit
    1.
    A part of this study addresses the
    impact of the District’s outfall on instream dissolved oxygen
    (DO).
    Specifically considered are six scenarios of varying
    carbonaceous BOD5 (CBOD5)
    and ammonia nitrogen
    (NH3-N) discharge
    concentrations and their impact on stream DO concentrations under
    low flow conditions.
    Three of the scenarios are not germane to
    the instant matter because they consider NH3-N concentrations
    substantially in excess of that anticipated for the new District
    facility.
    The remaining scenarios consider three
    levels of CBOD5
    in accompaniment with an NH~-Ndischarge of 15 mg/i.
    The latter
    is the intended design ievel of NH3—N discharge under the
    proposed facilities improvement program.
    The three CBOD5
    concentrations are 10,
    15,
    and 20 mg/l.
    Modeling of
    instream DO concentrations at the three specific
    CBOD~concentrations was accomplished using Qual II,
    a computer-
    based model developed by Water Resources Engineers and available
    on the USEPA TYMNET system.
    Model calibration was accomplished
    using two sets of field data collected during intensive diel
    sampling periods in mid-August and mid-September of 1982.
    In
    addition, various other field studies conducted between June and
    November 1982 were relied upon to estimate time-of-travel and
    reaeration values.
    Sensitivity analysis, combined with model
    calibration, verification, and recalibration, suggested to the
    Agency that the model “could be used with a very high degree of
    confidence to predict DO profiles within the study
    area,
    downstream from the DSD discharge,
    for
    a wide range of flow
    conditions
    (40 to 400 cfs)”
    (Joint Exhibit
    1, Vol.
    I,
    p.
    3).
    Field conditions
    at the time of the two calibration studies
    were significantly different.
    Several days prior to and during
    the August calibration period there was
    a
    sustained release of
    water
    of approximately 100 to
    110 cfs over the Lake Decatur
    dam.
    Several days prior to and during the September
    sampling
    there was
    no release other than leakage
    at approximately 2.2
    cfs.
    Thus,
    the
    September sampling approximates
    the worst case
    condition regarding the ability of the District’s discharge to be
    assimilated by flows
    in the Sangamon River
    (R.
    at 22).
    Model results
    indicate only small differences
    in instream DO
    concentrations at the three differing levels of CBOD5.
    In
    particular,
    using the August
    1982 calibration the maximum
    difference in DO concentrations between
    a
    10 mg/i CBOD5 discharge
    and
    a
    20 mg/i CBOD5 discharge
    is 0.2 mg/l, with most differences
    being 0.1 mg/i or less
    (Joint Exhibit
    i,
    Vol.
    III,
    Figure
    32);
    75.129

    —5—
    all
    absolute
    values
    are
    greater
    than
    or
    equal
    to
    7.2
    mg/l
    DO.
    Using the September 1982 calibration the maximum difference was
    0.7 mg/l with no absolute values below the District’s outfall
    tess than 6.3 mg/l DO (Joint Exhibit
    1, Vol.
    III, Figure 33).
    On
    this
    basis
    the
    District,
    with
    the
    concurrence
    of
    the
    Agency,
    has
    asserted that no violations of DO water quality standards* would
    be occasioned by limiting the District’s effluent
    to 20 mg/i BOD5
    (R. at 40).
    The USEPA has contracted an outside review of the Agency’s
    modeling effort
    (Ex.
    5, Attachment 1), which review is generally
    critical of the modeling.
    Notwithstanding this fact,
    the USEPA
    has drawn conclusions which support those of the Agency and the
    District.
    Specifically,
    the USEPA concludes that during the
    summer** an effluent discharge of
    20.0 mg/i CBOD~and 1.5 mg/i
    NH~-Nis adequate to maintain instrearn DO criteria
    (Ex.
    5,
    p.
    1OJ.
    They further conclude that tertiary filtration,
    given the
    presence of nitrification,
    is not necessary to achieve
    a CBOD~of
    20 mg/i
    (Ex.
    5,
    p.
    10),
    and that therefore the “proposed tertiary
    filtration following nitrification is not supported by the DO
    water quality analyses as necessary to meet the DO and ammonia
    criteria and to result in significant DO improvement”
    (Ex.
    5,
    p.
    ii).
    It
    is noteworthy that the assertion of no violation of
    instream
    standards
    is
    based
    upon
    NH~-Neffluent
    concentrations
    not exceeding 1.5 mg/l;
    at higher Nfl3-N discharges modeling
    indicates below-standard DO concentrations
    at both calibrations
    for CBOD5 concentrations
    above
    10 mg/i (Joint Exhibit
    1, Vol.
    III,
    Figures
    32 and 33).
    This
    is consistent with ammonia
    concentrations exerting a major control on instream DO.
    The
    Board also notes that USEPA’s conclusion that tertiary filtration
    is
    not necessary for the District to meet water quality standards
    is
    predicated on the assumption that the District will achieve
    a
    design effluent limitation of 1.5 mg/i of NH.~-N (Ex.
    5,
    p.
    7).
    For its part,
    the District asserts,
    and the Agency concurs,
    that
    it will meet the 1.5 mg/i NH3-N discharge condition upon
    completion of its plant improvements
    (R.
    at
    39;
    54)
    Of further note
    is that the District does not propose to
    operate at
    a full 20 mg/i BOD5 discharge all of the time.
    *Dissolved Oxygen
    (STORET number 00300)
    shall not be less than
    6.0 mg/i during at least
    16 hours
    of any
    24 hour period,
    nor less
    than 5.0 mg/i
    at any time
    (35 Ill. Adm. Code
    302.206).
    **The USEPA
    is silent on the matter of recommending an exact
    CBOD5 effluent limitation for the winter,
    noting only that
    “this
    value should be based on the expected CBOD5 removal capability of
    facilities designed to achieve
    20 mg/i CBOD5 during warm weather”
    (Ex.
    5,
    p.
    10).
    75.130

    —6—
    Rather, under normal operating conditions the BOD5 would be at
    some lesser value
    (R.
    at
    109).
    This position
    is supported by the
    conclusion of the USEPA that nitrification plants
    (as the
    District’s
    is proposed
    to be)
    in Illinois and other States
    consistently produce effluents with
    a CBOD5 less than
    10 mg/l,
    and typically within the range of
    4-6 mg/l
    (Ex.
    5,
    p.
    10)
    IMPACT OF SUSPENDED SOLIDS
    The
    Board
    noted
    in
    the
    First
    Notice
    Opinion
    that
    the
    record
    as then developed contained minimal information concerning the
    impact of the proposed increase in effluent TSS.
    While
    recognizing that the proposed increase in the BOD~limitation
    required an attendant increase
    in the TSS limitation due to
    interrelationships between these two parameters, the Board
    believed that further exposition of the environmental impact of
    TSS
    should
    be
    presented
    before
    this
    matter
    proceeded
    further.
    The Agency comments provide excerpts from the United
    States
    Environmental Protection Agency’s “Quality Criteria for Water”
    and the American Fisheries Society’s “A Review of the EPA Red
    Book: Quality Criteria for Water”
    (Comments, Exh.
    1 and
    2).
    These excerpts present,
    inter alia,
    the effects
    of TSS on aquatic
    communities, and conclude that TSS concentrations under 25 mg/l
    provide a
    “high level of protection” and that concentrations
    under
    80 mg/l provide a
    “moderate level of protection”.
    The
    Agency further notes
    that TSS concentrations above
    80 mg/i do
    occur at water quality stations located downstream from Decatur,
    associated principally with high flow events.
    The Agency thereby
    concludes that
    “the District’s discharge,
    at 25 mg/i
    TSS, will
    not cause or contribute to excessive suspended solids levels in
    the river”.
    The Agency also concludes that the District’s
    discharge
    should not result in any identifiable bottom deposits.
    With the addition of these observations, the Board
    determines that the matter of environmental impact of the
    proposed TSS effluent limitation is now adequately addressed
    in
    the record
    and that the requested TSS limit
    is warranted.
    INSTREAM
    MONITORING
    The second issue raised by the Board
    in the First Notice
    Opinion and addressed
    in the Agency’s comments relates to the
    appropriateness of requiring the District,
    as
    a provision of the
    proposed rule,
    to conduct instream monitoring of dissolved oxygen
    (DO) concentrations.
    The concern of the Board on this issue
    stemmed from the District’s contention,
    based
    on computer
    modeling,
    that the proposed relief would not occasion violations
    of the instream DO water quality standard.
    The Board
    asked
    whether addition monitoring would be necessary to enable
    verification of this contention.
    75-131

    —7—
    Both
    the
    Agency
    and
    the
    District
    (Comments,
    Exh
    4)
    believe
    that monitoring requirements specified as part of the rule would
    not provide any meaningful benefit over existing program
    authority.
    They point out that it is the Agency’s prerogative
    through the NPDES permitting process to impose any necessary
    requirement
    as to monitoring, pursuant to 35 Ill. Adm. Code
    309.146 and Section 301(b)(1)(C)
    of the Clean Water Act; that the
    District already conducts monitoring of instream DO; and that the
    Agency already monitors DO at three downstream ambient water
    quality stations.
    Thus,
    the Agency and District contend that
    adequate monitoring safeguards already exist, and further that
    adding
    a specific monitoring provision in the rule would restrict
    any flexibility
    in future monitoring.
    Based
    on these observations,
    the Board affirms its
    determination
    in
    the
    First Notice Opinion that it would be
    unwarranted
    to specify instream monitoring provisions
    in the
    adopted rule.
    AMMONIA NITROGEN LIMITATION
    In the First Notice Opinion the Board proposed that the
    District’s relief
    be limited to
    such times
    as when the NH3-N
    effluent discharge is less than or equal to 1.5 mg/l.
    This
    proposal was based on demonstration by the District that at an
    NH3-N discharge of 1.5 mg/l no violations of instream DO are
    projected by the modeling studies, but an absence
    of
    demonstration of the same condition at higher NH3-N discharges.
    The Board specifically asked that comments address whether the
    1.5 mg/l restriction is necessary,
    and, if necessary, whether it
    should apply under both warm and cold weather conditions.
    In response the Agency and the District
    suggest that the
    ammonia provisions of
    35 Iii.
    Adm. Code
    302.212, which place
    limitations
    on instream ammonia levels,
    are sufficient safeguard
    to assure that the District’s facilities perform
    in accordance
    with the modeling results.
    The District has further affirmed its
    previous contention, and the Agency agrees
    (Comments,
    p.4),
    that
    the design of the plant will allow treatment adequate to meet the
    water quality limitations
    of Section 302.212.
    On this basis,
    it
    is asserted that an additional limitation on NH3-N in the site-
    specific rule
    is unnecessary.
    The Board notes that
    it
    is explicit in 35 Ill.
    Adm. Code
    304.105 that an exception to an effluent regulation,
    as
    is the
    issue here,
    does not remove the burden of meeting water quality
    standards.
    The Board,
    in fact,
    so emphasized
    in the First Notice
    Opinion.
    Accordingly,
    the existence of a water quality rule on
    the same parameter,
    which
    in this case
    is Section 302.212, could
    be viewed as an effective limitation on effluent discharges.
    While
    the Board
    does not find this position broadly compelling,
    in that its logical extension
    is that the existence of water
    75-132

    —8—
    quality
    standards negates the need for any parallel effluent
    standards,
    the Board nonetheless does determine that there
    is
    merit in allowing the water quality standards to control in this
    case.
    The Board does not at present have
    a generally applicable
    effluent standard for ammonia.
    Moreover,
    in promulgating Section
    302.212,
    the Board noted, inter alia,
    that it was
    so doing
    “in
    order to relieve municipalities from the burden of ammonia
    control where such control does not appear necessary to protect
    the environment”
    (In the matter of:
    Amendments to Title
    35:
    Environmental Protection;
    Subtitle C:
    Water Pollution;
    Chapter
    I:
    Pollution Control Board
    (Ammonia Nitrogen), R81-23,
    49 ?CB
    297).
    Implicit
    in this determination is that, for the case of
    ammonia, performance
    to water quality standards is an acceptable
    determinant
    of the appropriate level of ammonia effluent
    discharge.
    The Board sees
    no reason why this strategy is any
    less appropriately applied to the District’s discharge than
    it is
    to other discharges across the State.
    Based on the above,
    the Board determines that the inclusion
    of
    an NH3-N limitation in the Decatur site-specific proposed rule
    is unnecessary.
    Accordingly, the Board has deleted the NH3-N
    limitation provisions
    as proposed under First Notice.
    This
    determination makes irrelevant the matter of whether such a
    limitation should differ depending upon the temperature of the
    receiving water.
    BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND
    The fourth issue requested to be addressed is
    the matter of
    the relationship between carbonaceous five-day biochemical oxygen
    demand
    (CBOD5) and five-day biochemical oxygen demand
    (BOD5).
    This request was occasioned by the Board’s note that the
    District’s modeling was based upon various scenarios of CBOD5
    discharge, but that the proposed rule is presented
    as
    a limit on
    BOD5.
    The Agency responded
    in its comments that,
    as the Board
    had noted
    in the First Notice Opinion,
    presenting the proposed
    rule in terms
    of BOD~introduces
    a safety factor into the
    modeling results.
    This condition stems from the fact that CBOD5
    is
    a component of the more general BOD5*.
    Thus,
    since the
    modeling results indicate that 20 mg/i of CBOD5 produces minimal
    environmental impact,
    setting of the proposed rule with
    a 20 mg/i
    BOD5 limitation restricts the District to
    a lower CBOD5 output
    than demonstrably produces minimal environmental impact.
    *In the District’s current effluent CBOD5 comprises approximately
    61
    of the BOD5
    (Comments,
    p.5).
    75-133

    —9—
    Based
    on
    this
    additional
    perspective,
    the
    Board will make no
    modification in the BOD5 provision of the proposed rule.
    LIMITED
    DURATION
    (“SUNSET”)
    PROVISION
    The final issue addressed by the Agency is the matter of the
    Board’s proposal to limit the requested relief to
    10 years
    beginning from completion of the District’s improvements.
    This
    is the “sunset” proposal.
    The Board asked that two aspects of
    this proposal be addressed:
    the impact such proposals might have
    on procurement of funding, and the general appropriateness of
    such proposals in certain site-specific rulemakings.
    It is the Agency’s belief that
    a sunset provision should
    have no effect on federal funding, since the purpose of the
    federal program is
    to enable
    a facility to meet final effluent
    limits
    at the time of completion
    (Comments,
    p.12).
    The matter of
    whether the procurement of other capital funding would be
    affected
    is less certain.
    Since this funding is typically
    achieved through the issuance of twenty-year bonds,
    the Agency
    speculates that
    a ten-year limit “could conflict” with this
    issuance (Comments,
    p.12).
    No more substantial perspective
    is
    offered.
    At the outset, the Board
    notes that
    it
    is persuaded by the
    Agency arguments,
    at least
    in part, against including a “sunset”
    provision
    in this particular site-specific.
    The following
    concerns, taken together, weigh against the inclusion.
    The
    implications
    of,
    and
    rationale
    for,
    a
    10 year sunset
    provision as it would relate to Decatur’s circumstances would
    better have been raised earlier and aired
    at hearing.
    However,
    this
    statement
    is
    not
    intended to imply that
    in other
    circumstances airing
    at hearing is
    a
    necessary
    prerequisite
    to
    establishing sunset provisions.
    Additionally,
    the Board’s
    rationale
    supporting
    “sunset”
    in
    large
    measure
    focused
    on
    concerns applicable generally to site-specific
    regulations
    (and
    arguably to general regulations), rather than concerns special to
    the Decatur situation.*
    Next,
    the effect of specific sunset
    language on local bond issues
    is
    a matter that needs further
    consideration.
    Finally,
    the Board, on balance, does not feel
    that
    a sunset provision
    is
    so essential in Decatur’s
    case, given
    other review benchmarks,
    as
    to warrant delaying the decision in
    order to hold further hearings.
    *The Board recognized this in asking for general comments on the
    concept.
    These general comments on the policy aspects will be
    further considered in R82-36,
    the generally applicable regulatory
    proceeding.
    75-134

    -10-
    In
    so holding, however,
    the Board wishes to emphasize its
    areas of disagreement with the Agency’s comments,
    as follows.
    In addressing the general merits of sunsetting certain site-
    specific rules,
    the Agency first questions whether the Board
    presently possesses authority to do so.
    The Agency points out
    that both the Illinois Environmental Protection Act (Act) and the
    Board’s procedural rules are silent on the matter of limiting the
    duration of rules.
    The Agency concedes that the Act does provide
    the Board authority to adopt procedural rules which could include
    provisions for sunsetting site-specific rules
    (Comments, p.7-
    8).
    However,
    the Agency believes that the Board may not impose
    sunset provisions without first promulgating an enabling
    procedural rule;
    to do otherwise, the Agency argues,
    would cause
    the Board to exceed its authority.
    The Agency additionally notes that
    a higher court may
    invalidate
    a Board regulation if
    it
    is clearly arbitrary,
    unreasonable,
    or capricious, and believes that it may “be” argued
    that
    in the absence of
    a procedural rule setting forth criteria
    for the imposition of
    a limited duration provision in
    a site-
    specific rule the Board’s action in doing so would
    be arbitrary
    and capricious”
    (Comments,
    p.
    10).
    The Board does not find compelling the argument that there
    must be underlying procedural rules before sunsetting on
    a site-
    specific basis,
    although this route might
    be more desirable.
    Section 27(a) of the Act delegates
    a broad rulemaking authority
    to the Board and authorizes,
    inter aiia,
    that
    “any such
    regulations
    may’ make different provisions as required by
    circumstances for different contaminant sources and for different
    geographical areas”.
    The
    same section concludes with the
    statement that
    “the generality of this grant of authority shall
    only be limited by the specifications of particular classes of
    regulations elsewhere
    in this Act”.
    No restriction on sunsetting
    exist elsewhere in the Act.
    Moreover, sunsetting may prudently
    be viewed
    as within the scope of Board authority to make
    different provisions as
    required by circumstances
    for different
    contaminant sources and for different geographical areas.
    Therefore,
    the Board determines that
    it presently does have
    authority to promulgate sunset provisions
    in rulemakings, as
    circumstances
    may
    warrant.
    While
    the Board allows that a
    procedural rule specifying procedures for sunsetting may have
    merit*,
    it does not believe its existence
    is a necessary
    condition to
    a determination that sunsetting is appropriate
    in
    any specific case.
    *However,
    the
    Board
    notes
    that
    the
    instant
    matter
    is
    not
    the
    proper forum within which such merits might
    be debated.
    75-135

    —11—
    The Agency also argues that
    a sunset provision is
    unnecessary because;
    there
    is
    no
    substantial
    benefit
    in
    requiring
    the
    Board
    to re-evaluate
    the proposed relief after
    ten
    years.
    Since
    no water
    quality standards
    would
    be
    relaxed,
    the
    Agency
    has
    the
    capability
    to modify
    permit
    requirements
    at
    any
    time
    to
    eliminate
    violations.
    In addition, permits may be issued for
    a maximum of
    five years.
    The renewal process will
    allow
    the
    assessment
    of
    water
    quality
    in
    the
    Sangamon
    River
    and
    any
    conflict
    between
    the
    operations
    of
    the
    District
    and
    downstream
    dischargers.
    Agency review will be more timely and
    efficient
    in this matter.
    (Comments,
    p.12)
    In
    a larger sense,
    the Agency’s argument fails to recognize the
    sharp distinction
    in responsibilities delegated to the Board and
    the Agency by the Act.
    Section
    5(b) of the Act plainly states:
    The Board
    shall determine,
    define and implement the
    environmental
    control
    standards
    applicable
    in
    the
    State
    of
    Illinois
    and
    may
    adopt
    rules
    and
    regulations
    in
    accordance
    with
    Title
    VII
    of
    this
    Act.
    Though the functions performed by the Agency are crucial to
    the State and multivariate
    in nature,
    they are primarily
    administrative in character.
    The Board is the entity in
    Illinois
    created to “determine, define and implement” environmental
    control regulations.
    Exercise of this authority necessarily
    involves
    a certain amount of judgment and discretion and the
    Board must assume responsibility, both concurrently and in the
    future, for the decisions
    it reaches.
    Based on the foregoing,
    the Board deleted the provision
    in
    its First Notice proposal that the rule be of
    a defined duration.
    OR
    DER
    The Board hereby directs the Clerk to cause the filing of
    the following final, adopted rules within the Secretary of State.
    TITLE
    35:
    ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
    SUBTITLE
    C:
    WATER POLLUTION
    CHAPTER
    I:
    POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD
    PART 304
    SUBPART
    B:
    SITE-SPECIFIC
    RULES
    AND
    EXCEPTIONS
    NOT
    OF
    GENERAL
    APPLICABILITY
    75-136

    -12-
    Section
    304.212
    Sanitary District
    of Decatur Discharges
    a)
    This Section applies only to effluent discharges from
    the Sanitary District of Decatur’s Sewage Treatment
    Plant into the Sangamon River, Macon County, Illinois.
    b)
    The provisions of Section 304.120(c)
    shall not apply to
    said discharges, provided that said discharges shall not
    exceed
    20 mg/l of five day biochemical oxygen demand
    (BODç)
    (STORET number 00310) and 25 mg/l of total
    suspended solids (STORET number 00530).
    IT IS SO ORDERED.
    J.
    D. Dumelle concurred.
    I,
    Dorothy M.
    Gunn, Clerk of the Illinois Pollution Control
    Board,
    hereby certify/that the above Final Opinion and Order was
    adopted on the
    ~
    day ~
    1987, by
    a vote
    of
    ________
    /7
    &
    1~
    ~
    f’•~-~~~
    _~)•/~,
    ~
    Dorothy M.
    Githn,
    Clerk
    Illinois Pollution Control Board
    75-137

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