TLLINOIS POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD
    November
    8,
    1990
    IN THE MATTER OF:
    PETITION OF THE CITY OF
    PANA~
    FOR SITE
    )
    R84-44
    SPECIFIC RELIEF
    FROM
    PHOSPHORUS
    )
    (Rulemaking)
    REGULATIONS
    ADOPTED RULE.
    FTN~LORDER.
    OPINION
    AND
    ORDER OF THE BOARD
    (by
    3. Marlin):
    This matter comes before
    the Board on
    an amended petition
    for site
    specific
    regulatory relief
    ffled
    by the City of Pana
    (“Pana”)
    on February
    1,
    19R5.
    Pana’s original petition,
    filed
    December
    7,
    1984 requested
    the Board
    to adopt
    a site—specific
    rule
    to provide Pana
    an
    “exclusion
    from
    the phosphorus di~charge limitation
    as set forth
    in Section
    203(c),
    402 and 407(c)
    in Chapter
    31
    of the Illinois
    Pollution Control Board Rules
    and Regulations.”
    As shown through
    testing, Pana’s discharge does not meet the applicable effluent
    limitation
    of 1.0 mg/i
    of phosphorus
    as
    P as established
    in
    Section 304.123.
    Section
    304.105 prohibits the discharge of
    effluents which would “cause
    a violation
    of any applicable
    water
    quality standard.”
    35
    Iii.
    Adm.
    Code 304.105.
    On June
    7,
    1990,
    the Board proposed
    for
    First Notice
    this
    site specific relief from the Board’s phosphorus
    rules
    for the
    City
    of Pana’s wastewatet
    treatment plant.
    The full
    text of the
    proposed rule was published
    in the Illinois Register
    on July 13,
    1990
    (14 Ill.
    Reg.
    11093).
    The oublic comment period expired
    August 27,
    1990,
    45 days after publication.
    On August 20,
    1990 the Illinois Department of Commerce and
    Community Affairs
    filed
    a copy
    of the Small Business Assistance
    Bureau’s Impact Analysis
    of the proposed
    rul.e
    (PC ~8).
    The
    analysis concluded that the rule would have no
    impact on
    the
    small businesses
    in
    the State
    of Illinois.
    The Administrative
    Code Division of the Office
    of
    the Secretary
    of State
    filed
    1
    (Presently
    the
    effective
    phosphorus
    standards
    are set forth
    in
    35
    III.
    Adm.
    Code
    304.105
    and
    304.123.)
    References
    to the hearing
    of
    pril
    9,
    1985 are referred to
    as
    1TR.
    ;
    those
    of March
    25,
    1988
    as
    2TR.
    ____.
    The exhibits
    from those hearings bear
    the designation
    lExh.
    ___
    and 2Exh.
    ___
    respectively.
    116—121

    2
    comments
    on August
    22,
    1990
    (PC ~t9). The ~3ointCommittee on
    Administrative Rules
    (JCAR)
    received
    the Board’s Second Notice
    filing on September
    26,
    1990.
    Only
    changes reflecting agreements
    reached
    during conferences with JCAR have been made
    in the Final
    Notice version
    adopted today by the Board.
    On October
    11,
    1990
    JCAR issued
    to the Board
    a certification
    of No Objection
    to
    Proposed Rulemaking.
    The Board now proceeds
    to Final Notice
    publication
    of the proposed
    rulemaking.
    PROCEDURAL HISTORY
    On April
    9,
    1985,
    a public hearing was held
    in Pana,
    Illinois which was attended by members of
    the public and by
    representatives
    of the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency
    (“Agency”),
    the Department
    of Energy and Natural Resources
    (“~ENR”),Pana, and Pana’s consultant,
    the Architectural
    and
    Engineering Service Corporation.
    After witnesses
    for Pana had
    testified,
    the witness
    for
    the Agency stated that the Agency was
    committed
    to reevaluating
    the phosphorus effluent limitations
    containe’~ in Board regulations.
    In
    that regard the Agency
    recommended that
    any ruling or decision
    in this case
    he delayed
    at least
    until
    it had
    an opportunity
    to address
    these issues
    in
    more detail and provide more
    information
    for
    the record,
    either
    in this proceeding
    or
    a separate proceeding
    (1TR
    100—104).
    The witness further
    testified
    that the Agency’s position was
    that
    this proceeding essentially be put on hold until
    the Agency
    had a
    firm recommendation.
    In the alternative,
    the Agency
    recommended dismissal
    until such time
    as the regulation
    could
    be
    assessed on
    a state—wide basis
    (Id.).
    On August
    1,
    1985,
    Pana filed
    a Motion
    to Stay Proceedings
    requesting
    the Board not to make
    a decision until
    the Agency
    “determines what
    its regulations will
    be regarding phosphorus
    discharge limitations”.
    On August
    11,
    1985,
    the Agency filed
    its
    response wherein
    it did not object
    to Pana’s motion.
    On September
    20,
    1985,
    the Board denied
    Paria’s motion
    stating:
    1)
    alternate relief exists
    in the form of
    a variance;
    2)
    the Agency had made no firm commitment.to filing
    a proposal
    for regulatory change and
    3) even
    if
    a proposal were filed,
    such
    proceeding could
    take one
    to two years
    for completion.
    On October
    18, 1985, Pana advised
    the Board of
    its intention
    to dismiss
    this petition for site specific relief and
    file
    a
    variance proceeding.
    However,
    on December
    2,
    1985,
    Pana filed
    a
    motion
    to have the Board proceed.
    Subsequently,
    in
    a letter dated December
    31,
    1985,
    DENR
    informed the Board
    that
    it had evaluated the record and decided
    to attempt an Economic Impact Study
    (EcIS)
    based on the model
    developed
    in the R83—23 Tuscola site—specific rulemaking.
    The
    letter stated:
    116—122

    An
    EcTS
    of
    a
    generic
    nature
    is
    currently
    being
    contracted
    for
    P83—23
    Tuscola
    Site—
    Specific
    which
    will
    result
    in
    a
    broad
    evaluation
    model
    to
    examine
    waste
    water
    treatment
    alternatives
    and
    their
    corelative
    (sic)
    cost/benefits for
    small municipalities.
    Pana
    has
    similar
    demographic
    characteristics
    and involves the same issues.
    Therefore,
    the
    Department
    will
    attempt
    an
    Economic
    Impact
    Study
    which
    encompasses
    P84—44
    Pana
    Site
    Specific based
    on
    the model
    developed
    by
    the
    P83—23 EcIS.
    A letter dated December
    22,
    1986 from the Agency
    to Pana,
    however, expressed the belief that DENR was awaiting the outcome
    of
    the Agency statewide review before
    rendering
    a decision on the
    economic aspects of Pana’s proposal.
    This letter also stated
    that the Agency’s review of
    the phosohorus standards had
    been
    completed
    in August and that
    the Agency was waiting
    for USEPA
    comments before finalizing
    the Agency position.
    On January 20,
    1937 DENP sent
    a letter
    to the Board stating
    that:
    DENR had evaluated
    the record,
    had decided
    to do an EcIS,
    had approved the scope
    of work,
    and would mail requests
    for
    proposals
    to potential
    cont;ractors
    in the near future.
    On March 20,
    1987
    the Aqency filed proposed amendments
    to
    35
    Ill.
    Adrn.
    Code 304.123,
    (P87—6) the phosphorus
    rules
    of general
    state—wide applicability.
    On January
    6,
    1988,
    DENR filed
    an EcIS
    prepared
    by Blaser,
    Zeni.
    & Co.
    On March 25,
    1988
    the Board
    conducted
    an EcIS hearing. The only member
    of the public present
    was also
    a member
    of
    the press.
    Representatives
    of DENR,
    Pana,
    the Agency,
    and Maser,
    Zeni attended.
    The Agency pointed
    out
    to
    the participants
    in this matter that the phosphorus regulations
    were being
    revised
    in
    a separate rulemaking,
    P87—6.
    The Agency
    urged
    the Board
    to provide
    relief
    to the City
    of Pana,
    hut
    suggested that
    it might be better
    to act on
    the Agency’s
    phosphorus
    proposal.
    first
    (2TR.
    27).
    At the Agency’s
    suggestion,
    this was
    the course chosen by the Board.
    The new state—wide phosphorus
    regulations were adopted over
    a period
    of
    3 years after
    five opportunities for public
    input,
    three merit hearings and two public hearings
    to consider the
    economic reasonableness
    and technical feasibility
    of the
    proposal.
    The Board proceeded
    to Final Notice
    of the Rule
    on
    April
    12,
    1990 and
    the rule was published
    in the Illinois
    Register, May
    4,
    1990
    (14 Ill.
    Reg.
    6777).
    Because
    of the changed standard,
    the Hearing Officer alerted
    Pana to the newly adopted
    state—wide phosphorus
    rule.
    On April
    27, 1990 the Hearing Officer
    advised Pana of the Board’s
    intention
    to proceel
    to
    a decision
    in the matter
    and requested
    116— 123

    4
    that Pana advise the Hearing Officer whether
    it wished
    to amend
    its pleadings
    to request an adjusted standard
    or, alternatively,
    desired
    a decision
    on
    its pending
    request
    for site—specific
    relief.
    On May 18,
    1990, Pana advised
    the Board
    that
    it wished
    a
    decision
    on
    its pending
    request.
    APPLICABLE LAW
    The goals of water pollution control
    in the State
    of
    Illinois
    are
    set out
    in Title
    III of
    the Illinois Environmental
    Protection Act (“Act”;
    Ill.
    Rev.
    Stat.
    1987,
    ch.
    111 1/2).
    It
    is
    there prescribed
    that:
    It
    is the purpose
    of this Title
    to restore,
    maintain and enhance
    the purity
    of the waters
    of this State
    in order protect health,
    welfare,
    property,
    and the quality of
    life,
    and
    to assure that
    no contaminants are
    discharged
    into the waters
    of the state,
    as
    defined herein,
    including,
    hut not limited
    to, waters
    to any sewage works,
    or into any
    well,
    or from any source within the State of
    Illinois,
    without being given
    the degree
    of
    treatment
    of control necessary
    to prevent
    pollution,
    or without being made subject
    to
    such
    conditions as
    are required
    to achieve
    and maintain compliance with State and
    federal
    law.
    Id.
    at par.lOll(b)
    Section
    13(a)
    of Title
    III further specifies
    that:
    The Board, pursuant
    to procedures prescribed
    in Title VII
    of
    this Act, may adopt
    regulations to promote
    the purposes and
    provisions
    of this Title.
    Without
    limiting
    the generality
    of this authority,
    such
    regulations may among other things prescribe:
    1.
    Water quality standards specifying
    among
    other
    things,
    the maximum short—term and
    long—term concentrations
    of various
    contaminants
    in the waters,
    the maximum
    permissible concentrations
    of dissolved
    oxygen and other desirable matter
    in the
    waters,
    and the temperature of
    such
    waters;
    2.
    Effluent standards specifying
    the
    maximum amounts of concentrations,
    and
    the physical,
    chemical,
    thermal,
    biological
    and radioactive nature of
    contaminants
    that may be discharged
    into
    116—124

    5
    the waters
    of the State,
    as defined
    herein,
    including,
    but not
    limited
    to,
    waters
    to any sewage works,
    or
    into any
    well,
    or from any source within the
    State.
    II.
    at par.
    1013(a)
    Proposals
    for site—specific regulations are governed by the
    provisions
    of Title VII
    of the Act,
    specifically Section
    27
    (Ill.
    Rev. Stat.
    1987
    ch.
    111—1/2, par.
    1027).
    Subsection
    (a),
    in
    relevant part,
    states
    as follows:
    a.
    The Board may adopt substantive
    regulations
    as described
    in this
    Act.
    Any such regulations may make different
    provisions
    as required
    by circumstances
    for different contaminant sources
    and
    for different geographical
    areas...and
    may include regulations
    specific
    to
    individual persons or sites.
    In
    promulgating regulations under
    this
    Act,
    the Board
    shall
    take
    into account
    the
    existing physical
    conditions,
    the
    character
    of the area involved...the
    nature
    of the...receiving
    body
    of
    water...and the technical
    feasibility
    and economic reasonableness
    of measuring
    or reducing
    the particular
    type
    of
    pollution.
    While Pana’a petition specifically
    requests site—specific
    relief
    it must be noted
    that this request originated before
    legislative creation of
    the “adjusted
    standard” mechanism.
    That
    mechanism
    is governed by Section
    28.1 of the Act.
    Ill.
    Rev.
    Stat.
    1989
    ch.
    111
    1/2,
    par.
    1028.1.
    The general effluent limitations
    standard for phosphorus as
    revised
    is set forth below:
    SUBPART
    A:
    GENERAL EFFLUENT. STANDARDS
    Section
    304.123
    Phosphorus
    (STORET number 00665)
    a.
    No effluent discharge within the Lake
    Michigan Basin
    shall contain more
    than
    1.0 mg/i
    of phosphorus as
    P.
    b.
    No effluent from any source which
    discharges
    to
    a lake
    or reservoir with
    a
    surface area
    of
    8.1 hectares
    (20 acres)
    or more,
    or
    to any tributary of
    such
    a
    lake
    or reservoir whose untreated waste
    load
    is
    2500
    or more population
    116— 1.25

    6
    equivalents,
    and which does not utilize
    a third—stage
    lagoon treatment system as
    specified
    in Section 304.120(a)
    and
    (c),
    shall
    exceed
    1.0
    rng/l
    of phosphorus
    as
    P; however,
    this
    subsection
    shall
    not
    apply where
    the lake
    or reservoir,
    including any side channel
    reservoir
    or
    other portion thereof,
    on an annual
    basis exhibits
    a mean hydraulic
    retention time of 0.05 years
    (18 days)
    or
    less.
    DISCUSSION
    Pana operates
    a wastewater treatment plant
    (WWTP).
    Pana
    contends that the expenditures
    it makes
    to reduce phosphorus
    levels
    in
    its effluent exceed the resulting benefits.
    It
    therefore,
    has petitioned the Board
    to relieve
    it
    from applicable
    phosphorus regulations
    or,
    alternatively,
    to raise
    the allowable
    effluent
    limitation
    from 1.0 ing/l
    to 2.8 mg/l of phosphorus
    as
    P.
    Pana also requests protection
    and relief from applicable
    water quality standards and “such other
    and
    further relief
    as the
    Board deems equitable
    and just”.
    (Amended
    Pet.,
    p.8).
    Pana has the equipment required
    to meet the
    1 mg/l
    phosphorus
    limit
    (2TR.
    8).
    However,
    Pana contends that
    (a)
    the
    downstream benefits are not worth
    the expenditures;
    (b)
    the
    phosphorus loadings
    of Lake Carlyle are
    four
    times
    the critical
    eutrophic
    limit,
    (c) all point sources combined contribute only
    3.0
    of
    the phosphorus
    loadings of Lake Carlyle, and
    (‘5) Pana’s
    compliance with
    the 1.0 mg/l standard would reduce Lake Carlyle
    loadings by only 0.94.
    (Pet.
    pp.
    2—4,
    6,
    7)
    At the public
    hearing
    of May 31,
    1985
    Paria altered
    this last contention to
    approximately 2
    of loadings but
    no more than
    5
    (1TR.
    23).
    Pana
    currently contributes
    14.8
    of the point source loading
    to Lake
    Carlyle;
    if relief were granted
    it would contribute
    33
    (2TR.
    60,63).
    The principal
    benefits of granting the petition would
    be
    a
    reduction
    in expenditures by the City
    for operating
    its
    phosphorus—removal program.
    Pana contends that
    the principal
    cost of granting the petition would be
    the effect
    on the
    receiving water
    including, but not limited
    to, Lake Carlyle.
    Pana identified
    the affected water bodies
    as Coal Creek, Opossum
    Creek, Beck Creek,
    the Kaskaskia River
    and the Carlyle Reservoir
    (2TR.
    8).
    116—126

    7
    ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
    Effluent Quality
    The Pane
    WWTP
    is
    an advanced
    treatment plant employing
    chemical precipitation
    for phosphorus removal by the addition
    of
    lime
    (2TR.
    10).
    it has
    a design average flow capacity of 1.17
    MGD and
    a design maximum flow capacity
    of 3.3 MGD.
    Grab sample
    tests
    by IEPA during periods
    of non—phosphorus removal and
    by
    Pana during periods while phosphorus was being removed,
    from
    1985—1987, yielded
    effluent test results.
    From these results
    estimated phosphorus
    loadings were calculated
    (2TR.
    10—11).
    Based
    upon these
    results,
    the estimated phosphorus concentrations
    and loading
    to receiving waters would be:
    Petition
    Petition
    Denied
    Granted
    Difference
    Concentration
    1.0 mq/l
    2.98 mg/i
    1.98 mg/i
    Loadings
    (per
    day)
    4.082
    Kg
    12.166 Kg
    8.084
    Kg
    Loadings
    (per year)
    1,487 Kg
    4,440 Kg
    2,953
    Kg
    (Id.
    Pane would contribute
    1,487 kg/year
    of total phosphorus
    to
    the receiving water
    if
    the petition
    is denied;
    4,440
    kg/year
    if
    the petition
    is granted.
    The concentrations
    of
    total phosphorus
    in the Carlyle Reservoir would
    increase 0.0045 mg/i
    if the
    petition
    is granted.
    The present total
    concentration in Lake
    Cariyle
    is 0.25 mg/I
    (2TR.
    12).
    Receiving Stream Character
    The effluent from the Pana
    WWTP
    is discharged
    54 miles
    upstream from Lake Carlyle.
    This discharge
    flows
    through Coal
    Creek, Opossum Creek, Beck Creek
    and the Kaskaskia River before~
    entering the lake.
    All
    three creeks experience
    natural
    7—day,
    10—year
    zero low flows.
    Each
    of
    the streams yielded
    fish, mostly
    small—sized,
    during 1983
    fish surveys conducted by the Illinois
    Department of Conservation
    (2Exh.1,
    p.4).
    The samples also
    yielded good diversity
    (2TR.
    54—55).
    These samples were taken
    when Pana’s phosphorus controls were not operational
    and are
    assumed
    to be
    representative
    of
    the effect upon the receiving
    streams
    if Pane’s petition were
    to
    be granted.
    Phosphorus Loading
    The form of the total
    phosphorus changes from that
    at point
    of discharge as
    it travel downstream.
    At discharge
    the
    percentage
    of dissolved phosphorus
    to
    total phosphorus
    is
    on the
    order
    of 65—85 percent.
    As
    it proceeds downstream the percentage
    falls
    to 30—45 percent.
    Dissolved phosphorus
    is more
    readily
    available
    for biological
    uptake
    (ITR.
    77).
    116-
    127

    8
    Pane presented testimony that
    the numerical
    impact of
    phosphorus reduction from the
    WWTP
    is
    shown by
    a USEPA
    1975
    National Eutrophication Study
    (NES) which estimates
    that 97
    of
    the phosphorus entering the reservoir
    is from non—point sources
    combined
    (Petition, Attachment
    1).
    This condition
    is not
    expected
    to
    improve.
    At hearing Pane quoted from a Soil
    Conservation Service
    report that
    “a significant reduction of
    annual cropland soil loss and phosphorus loading
    is not
    anticipated
    in the foreseeable future, based upon current farming
    and erosion control technology”
    (1TR.
    48).
    Pane asserts
    that the
    current
    farming practices
    do not indicate the large percentages
    of cropland under conservation tillages
    as was attested
    to
    in the
    P83—12 Shelbyville
    site—specific relief proceeding
    (1TR.
    85).
    The representative
    of Blaser
    and Zeni testified
    that whether
    the
    non—point
    source loadings are actually higher
    or not is largely
    irrelevant.
    Lake Carlyle
    is
    so large
    that Pane’s contributions
    are still
    slight
    (TR.
    30—35).
    Effects upon Carlyle Reservior
    Testimony revealed that the Carlyle Reservoir can be
    characterized as nutrient—enriched.
    By depth—transparency
    measures and phosphorus concentration,
    it
    is considered
    eutrophic
    (2TP.
    12—13).
    Biological manifestations such
    as heavy algae
    blooms
    as measured
    by chlorophyll
    a are not present, however.
    Phosphorus does not appear
    to be
    the limiting nutrient;
    the
    critical
    factors are nitrogen—phosphorus
    ratios
    and turbidity.
    IrS.
    Because phosphorus
    is not
    the
    limiting factor controlling
    primary plant production
    in Lake Carlyle, granting the petition
    would not affect aquatic biology
    or aquatic recreational
    expenditures
    (2TR.
    17).
    Pana
    also presented
    testimony that nitrogen and phosphorus
    are generally considered
    the two main nutrients
    in the
    eutrophication process, although not the only nutrients
    required
    for algae growth
    (1TR.
    75, 2TR.
    45—48).
    A five percent reductiOn
    in these nutrient levels will not have
    an effect on
    the algae
    growth
    in the lake where nutrient levels three
    to
    four times
    “higher than excessive” exist
    (1TR.
    75).
    However,
    if light—
    limiting factors
    are removed
    arid
    in—lake concentrations of
    nitrogen increase,
    a possibility arises of
    increasing primary
    production under these circumstances.
    Testimony did not reveal
    whether Lake Carlyle’s nutrient levels were considered
    three
    to
    four times
    “higher than excessive.”
    (2TR.
    51).
    TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY AND ECONOMIC REASONABLENESS
    Pane’s phosphorus
    removal
    system became operational
    in mid—
    1985 and
    is successfully treating the wastewater
    to achieve
    compliance.
    Pana did not argue,
    therefore,
    that phosphorus
    removal was not technically feasible.
    116—128

    9
    Pane, however, contends that requiring
    it
    to comply with the
    phosphorus
    limitations will have
    a “terrible”
    impact on
    its
    finances
    (1TR.
    7).
    A little better than
    25 percent of
    the
    population
    is
    on fixed
    income and the City recently suffered the
    loss
    of several
    industries
    (1TR.
    8).
    Past
    increases in water
    rates
    led
    to many complaints
    from people who were
    then unable
    to
    pay their bill
    (1TR.
    10,
    12).
    In
    its petition, Pane estimated
    the cost savings
    from relief
    at $29,570.
    The 1988 EcIS report,
    however, estimated savings
    in
    annual
    operations
    and maintenance costs
    at $40,636.
    Any capital
    expenditures have already occurred and can not be considered.
    Pana also submitted
    a cost analysis and operational
    impact
    report for
    its wastewater
    treatment plant with
    its petition.
    This report demonstrated
    the
    increased average monthly use charge
    from equipment installation
    for phosphorus
    removal totalled $1.45
    per month
    per user
    or
    connection.
    The average water
    bill
    is
    ~30.00 bi—monthly
    (1TR.
    91).
    Pana did not,
    however,
    estimate what operation
    and
    maintenance costs would
    be
    if there were no phosphorus effluent
    limit
    whatsoever imposed upon the Pane facility nor for any
    alternatives
    to the removal method chosen
    (1TR.
    58).
    Pana
    dismissed
    as prohibitively expensive any phosphorus control
    alternatives other
    than the lime—addition treatment chosen
    (1TR.
    61).
    AGENCY RECOMMENDATION
    As stated previously,
    at the hearing
    of April
    9,
    1985,
    the
    Agency recommended that the decision on this case be delayed
    because
    of
    its pending phosphorus proposal
    (1TR.
    103).
    The
    Agency stated
    it would however, support any variance requests
    for
    those municipalities which did not have phosphorus hardware
    in
    place which resulted from any delay.
    For those cities which
    di5,
    the Agency representative testified
    they would
    “have
    that heard
    and would delay that variance until
    the further measure
    of point
    source phosphorus controls are known”
    (1TR.
    104).
    As recounted
    in the discussion of procedural history,
    the Agency urged
    the
    Board
    to provide relief
    to
    the City
    of Pana,
    but suggested that
    it might be better
    to act on
    the Agency’s phosphorus proposal
    first
    (2TR.
    27).
    At the Agency’s suggestion,
    this was the course
    chosen by the Board.
    CONCLUSION
    The Board
    is persuaded
    that Pana’s discharge meets
    the
    requirements necessary
    to gain
    relief from the
    1 mg/l phosphours
    standard.
    Pane’s discharge does not significantly contribute
    to
    eutrophication
    of the receiving waters.
    Therefore
    the Board
    decides today
    to grant Pana relief consistent with
    its Amended
    116—129

    10
    Petition and elects
    to set the applicable effluent limitation
    standard
    for Pane’s
    WWTP
    discharge
    at 2.8 mg/l
    of phosphorus as
    p.
    The decision
    in this case cannot be made without
    distinguishing our prior decision
    in Shelbyville.
    (In the Matter
    of Site Specific Phosphorus Limitation
    for the City of
    Shelbyville,
    62 PCB
    31, P83—12
    (December
    20,
    1984 )~
    .
    There,
    too,
    a city discharging
    to the Lake Carlyle reservoir
    had requested
    relief from the phosphorus water quality standard and
    related
    effluent limitations due
    to economic considerations.
    Shelbyville
    had contended that upgrading
    its wastewater treatment plant to
    adequately
    control
    phosphorus
    imposed
    hardship
    upon
    the
    city
    arid
    would have no significant effect upon the
    reservoir.
    (62 PCB
    32)
    Despite testimony that
    the City was under
    financial strain,
    the estimated cost
    of the
    WWTP
    upgrading totalled $4.7 million
    and the phosphorus loadings
    to Lake Carlyle
    from the City were
    1.8
    of the
    total,
    the Board declined
    to grant
    relief.
    The Board
    found
    that despite
    the low total percentages,
    the phosphorus
    from
    point sources
    such
    as Shelbyville’s were
    an important contributor
    to eutrophication
    in the Carlyle Reservoir
    and that granting
    Shelbyville
    site—specific relief would
    both add
    to the problem
    and set poor
    precedent
    for similarly situated communities
    (62 PCB
    36—7)
    Since our decision
    in Shelbyville,
    however,
    the Board has
    acted
    on the Agency’s request
    to modify
    the state—wide
    rules
    of
    general applicability
    for phosphorus,
    P87—6.
    These
    finalized
    rules provide for
    an adjusted standard procedure, whereby
    a
    Petitioner may
    be granted
    an exception
    to the general phosphorus
    rule upon
    a
    specific showing.
    The adjusted standard proceeding
    was intended
    to allow for
    a streamlined
    consideration of
    a
    permanent,
    site—specific petition
    to
    utilize this mechanism
    for
    relief,
    it chose
    to proceed with
    its pending
    request.
    Although
    Pane could have readily converted
    its petition
    to utilize this
    mechanism for relief,
    it chose
    to proceed with its pending
    request.
    However,
    the Board will look
    to the following factors
    set forth
    in Section 304.123
    of
    its rules
    for guidance
    in
    reaching its determination.
    Section 304.123 provides that
    “...the applicant prove
    that the effluent resulting
    from grant of
    the adjusted standard will not contrihuteto cultural
    eutrophication, unnatural plant
    or algal growth or
    dissolved
    oxygen deficiencies
    in the receiving lake of reservoir.
    Such
    effluent
    is deemed
    to contribute
    to such conditions
    if phosphorus
    is the limiting nutrient
    for biological growth
    in the lake
    or
    reservoir,
    taking
    into account the
    lake or reservoir limnology,
    morphological, physical and
    chemical characteristics,
    and
    Sediment transport.
    However,
    if the effluent discharge enters
    a
    tributary at least 40.25 kilometers
    (25 miles) upstream of the
    Point
    at
    which
    the
    tributary
    enters
    the
    lake
    or
    reservoir
    at
    normal
    pool level,
    such effluent
    is
    riot deemed
    to contribute
    to
    Such conditions
    if the receiving lake
    or
    reservoir
    is eutrophic
    and phosphorus
    from internal regeneration
    is
    not
    a limiting
    nutrient.”
    35
    Ill. Adm.
    Code 304.123(c)
    116—130

    11
    The record demonstrates that Pana’s discharge
    is more than
    25 miles upstream of Lake Carlyle.
    Because of existing
    conditions
    in
    Lake
    Carlyle
    the
    increased
    phosphorus
    loadings
    caused
    by granting Pane site—specific relief do not significantly
    contribute
    to cultural eutrophication or algae growth.
    Growth
    in
    the lake appears
    to be limited either by the amount
    of nitrogen
    or by the low levels of
    light available for
    plant growth.
    Therefore, granting Pane relief
    is consistent with
    the new
    phosphorus rules.
    In both
    its Petition and Amended Petition, Pane requests
    an
    exemption
    from
    35
    Ill.
    Adm.
    Code
    304.105,
    the prohibition against
    contributing
    to
    or causing
    a violation of
    a water quality
    standard.
    Pana
    did
    not
    propose
    language which would accomplish
    this.
    No record was developed concerning
    this
    request which
    would assist
    the
    Board
    in making any determination with respect
    to this issue.
    Therefore
    the Board
    takes
    no action
    on the issue.
    As
    a final matter,
    it should
    he noted
    that our decision
    today should
    in no way be considered
    an abrogation
    of our
    position regarding site—specific relief set forth
    in Greater
    Peoria Sanitary District.
    In
    the Matter
    of:
    Site—Specific
    Exception to Effluent Standards for
    the Greater
    Peoria Sanitary
    and
    Sewage
    Disposal
    District,
    93
    PCB
    79,
    P87—21
    (October
    6,
    l988).
    In Greater Peoria,
    the Board determined
    that
    the
    applicant’s
    proof regarding economic reasonableness had failed.
    The intervention of the new phosphorus
    rules
    and, particularly,
    the specific
    showing
    to
    be
    made
    in an adjusted standard
    proceeding thereunder,
    serves
    to further distinguish
    the
    two.
    ORDER
    The
    following
    site—specific
    rule
    is hereby proposed.
    The
    Clerk of the Board
    is directed
    to submit this
    rule
    to
    the
    Secretary of State
    for Final Notice publication
    in
    the Illinois
    Register.
    TITLE
    35:
    ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
    SUBTITLE
    C:
    WATER POLLUTION
    CHAPTER
    1:
    POLLUTION
    CONTROL
    BOARD
    PART
    304
    EFFLUENT
    STANDARDS
    SUBPART
    B:
    SITE—SPECIFIC
    RULES
    AND
    EXCEPTIONS
    NOT
    OF
    GENERAL APPLICABILITY
    304.218
    City
    of Pana Phosphorus Discharge
    The
    general
    effluent
    standard
    for phosphorus
    as
    P contained
    in
    Section
    304.123
    shall
    not
    apply
    to discharges from the City of
    Pana
    wastewater
    treatment
    plant.
    Instead
    these discharges
    shall
    116—13 1

    12
    comply with
    an effluent limitation of
    2.8 mg/l phosphorus
    as
    P as
    measured at the point
    of discharge.
    IT
    IS
    SO
    ORDERED.
    I,
    Dorothy
    M.
    Gunn,
    Clerk
    of
    the
    Illinois
    Pollution
    Control
    Board, hereby certify that
    the above Opinion
    and
    Order
    was
    adopted
    on
    the
    7~’
    day of
    ~
    1990, by a vote
    Illinois P
    on Control Board
    116—132

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