ILLINOIS POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD
    February 28, 1991
    IN THE MATTER OF:
    )
    GROUNDWATER QUALITY STANDARDS
    )
    R89-14, Docket A & B
    (35 ILL. ADM. CODE 620)
    )
    (Rulemaking)
    PROPOSED RULE
    FIRST NOTICE
    ORDER OF THE BOARD (by R.C. Flemal):
    On February 19, 1991 the Illinois Environmental Protection
    Agency (“Agency”) filed an alternate proposal in this proceeding
    (PC #47). The Board today splits the docket in this proceeding
    and sends the Agency’s new proposal to First Notice as Docket B.
    The Board’s proposal published in the Illinois Register on
    November 2, 1990 (14 Ill. Reg. 17822, 17862) will remain under
    Docket A and will remain active.
    It is to be noted that today’s proposal is offered as filed
    by the Agency, without alteration by the Board other than as may
    have been occasioned by adapting the proposal to the Board’s word
    processing system and for Illinois Register publication
    requirements.
    The Board emphasizes that in taking this action, it today
    adopts ~1Q substantive position concerning the merits, either
    technical or economic, of the proposal or any of its facets.
    The Board believes that sending the proposal to First Notice
    now maximizes the opportunity for public comment on the Agency’s
    new proposal, while simultaneously assisting the most expeditious
    disposition of this matter. Towards these ends, the Board
    particularly requests comment on any aspect of the proposal.
    Interested persons should note the particulars regarding
    submission of public comments as presented in the Hearing
    Officer’s Order of this same date.
    The Board further notes that it has received post hearing
    comments, some of which pertain to the Agency’s new proposal.
    The Board will consider these during First Notice on Docket B.
    The Board hereby offers for First Notice the following
    additions to 35 Ill. Adm. Code: Subtitle F. The Clerk of the
    Board is directed to file these proposed amendments and rules
    with the Secretary of State.
    119—127

    —2—
    TITLE 35: ENVIRONNENTAL PROTECTION
    SUBTITLE F: PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES
    CHAPTER I: POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD
    PART 620
    GROUNDWATER QUALITY
    SUBPART A: GENERAL
    Section
    620.105 Purpose
    620.110 Definitions
    620. 115 Prohibition
    620.125 Incorporations by Reference
    620.130 Exemption from General Use Standards and Public and
    Food Processing Water Supply Standards
    620.135 Exclusion for Underground Water in Certain Nan-Made
    Conduits
    SUBPART B: GROUNDWATER CLASSIFICATION
    Section
    620.201 Groundwater Designations
    620.210 Class I: Potable Resource Groundwater
    620.220 Class II: General Resource Groundwater
    620.230 Class III: Special Resource Groundwater
    620.240 Class IV: Other Groundwater
    620.250 Groundwater Management Zone
    620.260 Reclassification of Groundwater by Adjusted Standard
    SUBPART C: NONDEGRADATION PROVISIONS FOR APPROPRIATE
    GROUNDWATERS
    Section
    620.301 General Prohibition Against Use Impairment of Resource
    Groundwater
    620.302 Applicability of Notification Limitations and
    Preventive Response Activities
    620.305 Notification Limitations and Procedures
    620.310 Preventive Response Activities
    SUBPART D: GROUNDWATER QUALITY STANDARDS
    Section
    620.401 Applicability
    620.405 General Prohibitions Against Violations of Groundwater
    Quality Standards
    620.410 Groundwater Quality Standards for Class I: Potable
    Resource Groundwater
    620.420 Groundwater Quality Standards for Class II: General
    Resource Groundwater
    620.430 Groundwater Quality Standards for Class III: Special
    Resource Groundwater
    119— 128

    —3—
    620. 440
    620.450
    Groundwater Quality Standards for Class IV: Other
    Groundwater
    Alternative Groundwater Quality Standards
    SUBPART E: GROUNDWATER MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES
    Section
    620. 505
    620.510
    Section
    620. 601
    620.605
    620. 610
    620.615
    Appendix A
    Appendix B
    Appendix C
    Compliance Procedures
    Monitoring and Analytical Requirements
    SUBPART F: HEALTH ADVISORIES
    Purpose of a Health Advisory
    Issuance of a Health Advisory
    Publishing Health Advisories
    Additional Health Advice for Mixtures of Similar-Acting
    Substances
    Procedures for Determining Human Threshold
    Toxicant Advisory Concentration for Class I:
    Potable Resource Groundwater
    Procedures for Determining Hazard Indices for
    Class I: Potable Resource Groundwater for Mixtures
    of Similar—Acting Substances
    Guidelines for Determining When Dose Addition of
    Similar—Acting Substances in Class I: Potable
    Resource Groundwaters is Appropriate
    AUTHORITY: Implementing and authorized by Section 8 of the
    Illinois Groundwater Protection Act (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989, ch.
    111 1/2, par. 7458).
    SOURCE: Adopted at
    Ill. Reg.,
    effective
    NOTE: Capitalization denotes statutory language.
    119— 129

    —4—
    SUBPART A: GENERAL
    Section 620.105
    Purpose
    This Part prescribes various aspects of groundwater quality,
    including method of classification of groundwaters,
    nondegradation provisions, standards for quality of groundwaters,
    and various procedures and protocols for the management and
    protection of groundwaters.
    Section 620.110
    Definitions
    The definitions of the Environmental Protection Act (Ill. Rev.
    Stat. 1989, ch. 111 1/2, par. 1001 et seq.) and the Groundwater
    Protection Act (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989, ch. ill 1/2, pars. 7451 et
    seq.) apply to this Part unless otherwise provided. The
    following definitions also apply to this Part.
    “Act” means the Environmental Protection Act (Ill. Rev.
    Stat. 1989, ch. 111 1/2, pars. 1001 et seq.).
    “Agency” means the Illinois Environmental Protection
    Agency.
    “AQUIFER” MEANS SATURATED (WITH GROUNDWATER) SOILS AND
    GEOLOGIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE SUFFICIENTLY PERMEABLE TO
    READILY YIELD ECONOMICALLY USEFUL QUANTITIES OF WATER
    TO WELLS, SPRINGS, OR STREAMS UNDER ORDINARY HYDRAULIC
    GRADIENTS. (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989, ch. 111 1/2, par.
    7453 (b)
    “BETX” means the sum of the concentrations of benzene,
    ethylbenzene, toluene, and xylenes.
    “Board” means the Illinois Pollution Control Board.
    “Carcinogen” means a chemical, or complex mixture of
    closely related chemicals, which has been finally
    determined in accordance with USEPA Guidelines for
    Carcinogenic Risk Assessment, incorporated by reference
    at Section 620.125, to be a group A, B1, or B2
    carcinogen.
    “COMMUNITY WATER SUPPLY” MEANS A
    PUBLIC SUPPLY WHICH
    SERVES OR IS INTENDED TO SERVE AT LEAST 15 SERVICE
    CONNECTIONS USED BY RESIDENTS OR REGULARLY SERVES AT
    LEAST 25 RESIDENTS. (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989, ch. 111 1/2
    par. 1003.05)
    “CONTAMINANT” MEANS ANY SOLID, LIQUID, OR GASEOUS
    MATTER, ANY ODOR, OR ANY FORM OF ENERGY, FROM WHATEVER
    SOURCE. (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989, ch. 111 1/2, par.
    1003. 06)
    119—130

    —5—
    “Corrective action process” means those procedures and
    practices that may be imposed by a regulatory agency
    when a determination has been made that contamination
    of groundwater has taken place, and are necessary to
    address a potential or existing violation of the
    standards set forth in Subpart D.
    “Cumulative impact area” means the area, including the
    coal mine area permitted under the Surface Coal Mining
    Land Conservation Act (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989, ch. 96
    1/2, pars. 7901.01 et seq., as amended) and 62 Ill.
    Adm. Code 1700 through 1850, within which impacts
    resulting from the proposed operation may interact with
    the impacts of all anticipated mining on surface water
    and groundwater systems.
    “Detect” or “detection” are defined as follows:
    “Method Detection Limit” or “MDL”
    means the
    minimum concentration of a substance that can be
    measured as reported with 99 percent confidence
    that the true value is greater than zero. (54 Fed.
    Reg. 22100); or
    “Method Quantitation Limit” or “MQL” means the
    minimum concentration of a substance that can be
    measured and reported. (“Test Methods for
    Evaluating Solid Wastes, Physical/ Chemical
    Methods,” EPA Publication No. SW-846 (Third
    Edition, 1986, as amended by Revision I (December
    1987))
    “Department” means the Illinois Department of Energy
    and Natural Resources.
    “GROUNDWATER” MEANS UNDERGROUND WATER WHICH OCCURS
    WITHIN THE SATURATED ZONE AND GEOLOGIC MATERIALS WHERE
    THE FLUID PRESSURE IN THE PORE SPACE IS EQUAL TO OR
    GREATER THAN ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE. (Ill. Rev. Stat.
    1989, ch. 111 1/2, par. 1003.64)
    “Hydrologic balance” means the relationship between the
    quality and quantity of water inflow to, water outflow
    from, and water storage in a hydrologic unit such as a
    drainage basin, aquifer, soil zone, lake, or reservoir.
    It encompasses the dynamic relationships among
    precipitation, runoff, evaporation, and changes in
    ground and surface water storage.
    “IGPA” Means the Illinois Groundwater Protection Act.
    (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989, ch. 111 1/2, pars. 7451 et seq.)
    119—131

    —6—
    “LOAEL” or “Lowest observable adverse effect level”
    means the lowest tested concentration of a chemical or
    substance which produces a statistically significant
    increase in frequency or severity of non—overt adverse
    effects between the exposed population and its
    appropriate control. LOAEL may be determined for a
    human population (LOAEL-H) or an animal population.
    (LOAEL-A)
    “NOAEL” or “No observable adverse effect level” means
    the highest tested concentration of a chemical or
    substance which does not produce a statistically
    significant increase in frequency or severity of non—
    overt adverse effects between the exposed population
    and its appropriate control. NOAEL may be determined
    for a human population (NOAEL-H) or an animal
    population (NOAEL-A)
    “NON-COMMUNITY WATER SUPPLY” MEANS A PUBLIC WATER
    SUPPLY THAT IS NOT A COMMUNITY WATER SUPPLY. (Ill.
    Rev. Stat. 1989, ch. 111 1/2 par. 1003.05)
    “Off—site” means any site that is not on—site.
    “On—site” means the same or geographically contiguous
    property which may be divided by public or private
    right—of—way, provided the entrance and exit between
    properties is at a crossroads intersection and access
    is by crossing as opposed to going along the
    right—of-way. Noncontiguous properties owned by the
    same person but connected by a right—of—way which he
    controls and to which the public does not have access
    is also considered on—site property.
    “Operator” means the person responsible for the
    operation of a facility or unit.
    “Owner” means the person who owns a site or part of a
    site, or who owns the land on which the site is
    located.
    “POTABLE” MEANS GENERALLY FIT FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION IN
    ACCORDANCE WITH ACCEPTED WATER SUPPLY PRINCIPLES AND
    PRACTICES.
    (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989, ch. 111 1/2, par.
    7453 (h))
    “POTENTIAL PRIMARY SOURCE” MEANS ANY UNIT AT A FACILITY
    OR SITE NOT CURRENTLY SUBJECT TO A REMOVAL OR REMEDIAL
    ACTION WHICH: IS UTILIZED FOR THE TREATMENT, STORAGE,
    OR DISPOSAL OF ANY HAZARDOUS OR SPECIAL WASTE NOT
    GENERATED AT THE SITE; OR IS UTILIZED FOR THE DISPOSAL
    OF MUNICIPAL WASTE NOT GENERATED AT THE SITE, OTHER
    THAN
    LANDSCAPE WASTE AND CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION
    119—132

    —7—
    DEBRIS; OR IS UTILIZED FOR THE LANDFILLING, LAND
    TREATING, SURFACE IMPOUNDING OR PILING OF ANY HAZARDOUS
    OR SPECIAL WASTE THAT IS GENERATED ON THE SITE OR AT
    OTHER SITES OWNED, CONTROLLED OR OPERATED BY THE SAME
    PERSON; OR STORES OR ACCUMULATES AT ANY TIME MORE THAN
    75,000 POUNDS ABOVE GROUND, OR MORE
    THAN
    7,500 POUNDS
    BELOW GROUND, OF ANY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES. (Ill. Rev.
    Stat. 1989, ch. 111 1/2, par. 1003.59)
    “POTENTIAL ROUTE” MEANS ABANDONED AND IMPROPERLY
    PLUGGED WELLS OF
    ALL KINDS, DRAINAGE WELLS, ALL
    INJECTION WELLS, INCLUDING CLOSED LOOP HEAT PUMP WELLS,
    AND ANY EXCAVATION FOR THE DISCOVERY, DEVELOPMENT OR
    PRODUCTION OF STONE, SAND OR GRAVEL. (Ill. Rev. Stat.
    1989, ch. 111 1/2, par. 1003.58)
    “POTENTIAL SECONDARY SOURCE” MEANS ANY UNIT AT A
    FACILITY OR A SITE NOT CURRENTLY SUBJECT TO A REMOVAL
    OR REMEDIAL ACTION, OTHER THAN A POTENTIAL PRIMARY
    SOURCE, WHICH: IS UTILIZED FOR THE LANDFILLING,
    LAND
    TREATING, OR SURFACE IMPOUNDING OF WASTE THAT IS
    GENERATED ON THE SITE OR AT OTHER SITES OWNED,
    CONTROLLED OR OPERATED BY THE SAME PERSON, OTHER
    THAN
    LIVESTOCK
    AND LANDSCAPE WASTE, AND CONSTRUCTION AND
    DEMOLITION DEBRIS;
    OR STORES OR ACCUMULATES AT ANY TIME
    MORE THAN 25,000 BUT NOT MORE THAN 75,000 POUNDS ABOVE
    GROUND, OR MORE
    THAN
    2,500 BUT NOT MORE
    THAN
    7,500
    POUNDS BELOW GROUND, OF ANY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES; OR
    STORES OR ACCUMULATES AT ANY TIME MORE THAN 25,000
    GALLONS ABOVE GROUND, OR MORE THAN 500 GALLONS BELOW
    GROUND, OF PETROLEUM, INCLUDING CRUDE OIL OR ANY
    FRACTION THEREOF WHICH IS NOT OTHERWISE SPECIFICALLY
    LISTED OR DESIGNATED AS A HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE; OR
    STORES OR ACCUMULATES PESTICIDES, FERTILIZERS, OR ROAD
    OILS FOR PURPOSES OF COMMERCIAL APPLICATION OR FOR
    DISTRIBUTION TO RETAIL SALES OUTLETS; OR STORES OR
    ACCUMULATES AT ANY TIME MORE
    THAN
    50,000 POUNDS OF ANY
    DE-ICING AGENT; OR IS UTILIZED FOR HANDLING LIVESTOCK
    WASTE OR FOR TREATING DOMESTIC .WASTEWATERS OTHER THAN
    PRIVATE SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEMS AS DEFINED IN THE
    “PRIVATE SEWAGE DISPOSAL LICENSING ACT”. (Ill. Rev.
    Stat. 1989, ch. 111 1/2, par. 1003.60)
    “Practical Quantitation Limit” or “PQL” means the
    lowest concentration or level that can be reliably
    measured within specified limits of precision and
    accuracy during routine laboratory operating conditions
    as set forth in Section 620.125.
    “Previously mined area” means land disturbed or
    affected by coal mining operations that was not
    reclaimed prior to February 1, 1983.
    119—133

    —8—
    (Board Note: February 1, 1983, is the effective date of
    the Illinois permanent program regulations implementing
    the Surface Coal Mining Land Conservation and
    Reclamation Act (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989, ch. 96 1/2,
    pars. 7901.1 et seq., as amended) as codified in 62
    Ill. Adm. Code 1700 through 1850.)
    “Property class” means the class assigned by a tax
    assessor to real property for purposes of real estate
    taxes.
    (Board Note: The property class rural property,
    residential vacant land, residential with dwelling,
    commercial residence, commercial business, commercial
    office, or industrial is identified on the property
    record card maintained by the tax assessor in
    accordance with the Illinois Real Property Appraisal
    Manual February 1987, published by the Illinois
    Department of Revenue, Property Tax Administration
    Bureau.)
    “PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY” MEANS ALL MAINS, PIPES AND
    STRUCTURES THROUGH WHICH WATER IS OBTAINED AND
    DISTRIBUTED TO THE PUBLIC, INCLUDING WELLS AND WELL
    STRUCTURES, INTAKES AND CRIBS, PUMPING STATIONS,
    TREATMENT PLANTS, RESERVOIRS, STORAGE TANKS AND
    APPURTENANCES, COLLECTIVELY OR SEVERALLY, ACTUALLY USED
    OR INTENDED FOR USE FOR THE PURPOSE OF FURNISHING WATER
    FOR DRINKING OR GENERAL DOMESTIC USE AND WHICH SERVE AT
    LEAST 15 SERVICE CONNECTIONS OR WHICH REGULARLY SERVE
    AT LEAST 25 PERSONS AT LEAST 60 DAYS PER YEAR. A
    PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY IS EITHER A “COMMUNITY WATER
    SUPPLY” OR A “NON-COMMUNITY WATER SUPPLY”. (Ill. Rev.
    Stat. 1989, ch. 111 1/2 par. 1003.28)
    “Regulated entity” means a facility or unit regulated
    for groundwater protection by any State or federal
    agency.
    “Regulatory agency” means the Illinois Environmental
    Protection Agency, Department of Public Health,
    Department of Agriculture, Department of Mines and
    Minerals, and the Office of State Fire Marshall.
    “REGULATED RECHARGE AREA” MEANS A COMPACT GEOGRAPHIC
    AREA, AS DETERMINED BY THE BOARD pursuant to Section
    17.4 of the Act, THE GEOLOGY OF WHICH RENDERS A POTABLE
    RESOURCE GROUNDWATER PARTICULARLY SUSCEPTIBLE TO
    CONTAMINATION.
    (Ill. Rev. Stat.
    1989, ch. 11. 1/2
    par.
    1003.67)
    “RESOURCE GROUNDWATER” MEANS GROUNDWATER THAT
    IS
    PRESENTLY
    BEING OR IN THE FUTURE CAPABLE OF BEING PUT
    119—134

    —9—
    TO BENEFICIAL USE BY REASON OF BEING OF SUITABLE
    QUALITY. (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989, ch. lii
    1/2,
    par.
    7453(j))
    “SETBACK ZONE” MEANS A GEOGRAPHIC AREA, DESIGNATED
    PURSUANT TO THIS ACT, CONTAINING A POTABLE WATER SUPPLY
    WELL OR A POTENTIAL SOURCE OR POTENTIAL ROUTE HAVING A
    CONTINUOUS BOUNDARY, AND WITHIN WHICH CERTAIN
    PROHIBITIONS OR REGULATIONS ARE APPLICABLE IN ORDER TO
    PROTECT GROUNDWATERS. (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989, ch. 111
    1/2 par. 1003.61)
    “Site” means any location, place, tract of land and
    facilities, including but not limited to buildings and
    improvements.
    “Spring” means a natural surface discharge of an
    aquifer from rock or soil.
    “Threshold dose” means the lowest dose of a chemical at
    which a specified measurable effect is observed and
    below which it is not observed.
    “Treatment” means the technology, treatment techniques,
    or other procedures for compliance with 35 Ill. Adm.
    Code: Subtitle F.
    “UNIT” MEANS ANY DEVICE, MECHANISM, EQUIPMENT, OR AREA
    (EXCLUSIVE OF LAND UTILIZED ONLY FOR AGRICULTURAL
    PRODUCTION). (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989, ch. 111 1/2, par.
    1003.62)
    “USEPA” or “U.S. EPA” means the United States
    Environmental Protection Agency.
    Section 620.115
    Prohibition
    No person shall cause, threaten or allow a violation of the Act,
    the IGPA or regulations adopted by the Board thereunder,
    including but not limited to this Part.
    Section 620.125
    Incorporations by Reference
    a) The Board incorporates the following material by
    reference:
    1) ASTM. Available from: ASTM, 1916 Race Street,
    Philadelphia, Pa. 19103:
    A) “Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Section 8
    Plastics,” Volume 08.04 (PCN): 01—080484—19.
    119—135

    —10—
    2) EMSL. Available from Environmental Monitoring
    Systems Laboratory, Office of Research and
    Development, USEPA, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, (513-
    569—7562):
    A) “Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and
    Wastes,” EPA Publication No. EPA—600/4—79—
    020, (March 1983).
    B) “Methods for the Determination of Organic
    Compounds in Drinking Water,” EPA, EMSL, EPA-
    600/4—88/039 (Dec. 1988).
    3) GPO. Available from: Superintendent of Documents,
    U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
    20401, (202—783—3238)
    A) “Practical Guide for Ground-Water Sampling,”
    EPA Publication No. EPA/600/2-851l04
    (September 1985).
    B) “RCRA Groundwater Monitoring Technical
    Enforcement Guidance Document,” EPA
    Publication No. OSWER—9950.1 (September
    1986)
    C) “Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Wastes,
    Physical/Chemical Methods,” EPA Publication
    No. SW-846 (Third Edition, 1986, as amended
    by Revision I (December 1987).
    D) USEPA Guidelines for Carcinogenic Risk
    Assessment, 51 Fed. Reg 33992—34003
    (September 24, 1986).
    E) 40 CFR 141, 142 and 143 (1990)
    F) 40 CFR 300 (1990)
    G) 54 Fed. Reg. 22062—22160 (May 22, 1989).
    H) 54 Fed. Peg. 3526—3597 (January 30, 1991).
    4) USGS. Available from: Distribution Branch, United
    States Geological Survey, 604 South Pickett
    Street, Alexandria, VA 22304, (703—648—7411):
    A) “Techniques of Water Resources Investigations
    of the United States Geological Survey,
    Guidelines for Collection and Field Analysis
    of Ground-Water Samples for Selected Unstable
    Constituents,” Book I, Chapter D2 (1981).
    119—136

    —11—
    b) This Section incorporates no later editions or
    amendments.
    Section 620.130
    Exemption from General Use Standards and
    Public and Food Processing Water Supply
    Standards
    Groundwater is not required to meet the general use standards and
    public and food processing water supply standards of 35 Ill. Adni.
    Code 302.Subparts B and C.
    Section 620.135
    Exclusion for Waters in Certain Man-Made
    Conduits
    This Part does not apply to waters contained in man—made
    subsurface drains, tunnels, reservoirs, storm sewers, tiles or
    sewers.
    119—137

    —12—
    SUBPART B: GROUNDWATER CLASSIFICATION
    Section 620.201
    Groundwater Designations
    All groundwaters of the State are designated as:
    a) One of the following four classes of groundwater in
    accordance with Sections 620.210 through 620.240:
    1) Class I: Potable Resource Groundwater
    2) Class II: General Resource Groundwater;
    3) Class III: Special Resource Groundwater;
    4) Class IV: Other Groundwater; or
    b) A groundwater management zone in accordance with
    Section 620.250.
    Section 620.210
    Class I: Potable Resource Groundwater
    Except as provided in Sections 620.230, 620.240, or 620.250,
    Potable Resource Groundwater is:
    a) Groundwater located 10 feet or more below the land
    surface and within:
    1) The minimum setback zone of a well which serves as
    a potable water supply and to the bottom of such
    well;
    2) Unconsolidated sand, gravel or sand and gravel
    which is 5 feet or more in thickness and that
    contains 12 percent or less of fines (i.e. fines
    which pass through a No. 200 sieve tested
    according to ASTM Standard Test Method D2487-83);
    3) Sandstone which is 10 feet or more in thickness,
    or fractured carbonate which is 15 feet of more in
    thickness; or
    4) Any geologic material which is capable of a
    sustained groundwater yield of 150 gallons per day
    or more from a thickness of 15 feet or less, using
    an appropriate test method.
    b) Any groundwater which is determined by the Board
    pursuant to petition procedures set forth in Section
    620.260, to be capable of potable use.
    Section 620.220
    Class II: General Resource Groundwater
    119—138

    —13—
    Except as provided in Section 620.250, General Resource
    Groundwater is:
    a) Groundwater which does not meet the provisions of
    Section 620.210 (Class I), Section 620.230 (Class III),
    or Section 620.240 (Class IV)
    b) Groundwater which is found by the Board, pursuant to
    the petition procedures set forth in Section 620.260,
    to be capable of agricultural, industrial, recreational
    or other beneficial uses.
    Section 620.230
    Class III: Special Resource Groundwater
    Except as provided in Section 620.250 and as determined by the
    Board pursuant to procedures set forth in Section 620.260,
    Special Resource Groundwater is groundwater of high value that is
    vulnerable to contamination and that is:
    a) Demonstrably unique (e.g., irreplaceable sources of
    groundwater) and suitable for application of a water
    quality standard more stringent than the otherwise
    applicable water quality standard specified in Subpart
    D; or
    b) Vital for a particularly sensitive ecological system.
    Section 620.240
    Class IV: Other Groundwater
    Except as provided in Section 620.250, Other Groundwater is:
    a) Groundwater within the zone of attenuation as provided
    for a permitted landfill in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 811;
    b) Groundwater that naturally contains more than 10,000
    mg/L of total dissolved solids;
    C) Groundwater which has been designated by the Board as
    an exempt aquifer pursuant to 35 Ill. Adm. Code
    730.104; or
    d) Groundwater which underlies a potential primary or
    secondary source, in which contaminants may be present,
    provided that:
    1) The outermost edge is the closest practicable
    distance, but does not exceed a lateral distance
    of 25 feet from the edge of such potential source
    or the property boundary, whichever is less, and a
    depth of 15 feet from the bottom of such potential
    source or the land surface, whichever is greater;
    119—139

    —14—
    2) The source of any release of contaminants to
    groundwater has been controlled;
    3) Migration of contaminants within the site
    resulting from a release to groundwater has been
    minimized;
    4) Any on—site release of contaminants to groundwater
    has been managed to prevent migration off—site;
    and
    5) No potable water well exists in such groundwater.
    e) Groundwater within a previously mined area, unless
    monitoring demonstrates that the groundwater is capable
    of beneficial use consistent with the standards as
    provided in Sections 620.410 or 620.420. In the event
    that such beneficial use is determined, groundwater
    within the previously mined area shall not be Class IV.
    Section 620.250
    Groundwater Management Zone
    a) Within any class of groundwater, a groundwater
    management zone may be established as a three
    dimensional region containing groundwater being managed
    to mitigate impairment caused by the release of
    contaminants from a site:
    1) That is subject to a corrective action process
    approved by the Agency; or
    2)
    For which the owner or operator provides a written
    confirmation to the Agency that an equivalent
    corrective process is being undertaken in a timely
    and appropriate manner. Such confirmation shall
    be provided in a form as prescribed by the Agency.
    b) A groundwater management zone is established upon
    concurrence by the Agency that the conditions as
    specified in subsection (a) are met. Typical actions
    which may take place within such zone include, but are
    not limited to, the following:
    1) Containment of contaminants;
    2) Treatment of contaminants; or
    3) Use or exposure controls.
    c) A groundwater management zone may be established for a
    period of time consistent with implementation of a
    process as described in subsection (a). In the event
    that restoration concentrations, as specified in
    119—140

    —15—
    Section 620.450(a) (4) (B), remain in groundwater at the
    site following completion of such a process, the Agency
    shall review the on—going adequacy of controls and
    continued management at the site. Such review shall
    take place no less often than every 5 years and the
    results shall be presented in a written report.
    d) A groundwater management zone shall expire upon
    appropriate documentation which confirms:
    1) Attainment of applicable standards as set forth in
    Subpart D; or
    2) Effectuation of enforceable measures that preclude
    human exposure to on—site restoration
    concentrations in groundwater.
    Section 620.260
    Reclassification of Groundwater by Adjusted
    Standard
    Any person may petition the Board to reclassify a groundwater in
    accordance with the procedures for adjusted standards specified
    in Section 28.1 of the Act and 35 Ill. Adm. Code l06.Subpart G.
    In any proceeding to reclassify specific groundwater by adjusted
    standard, in addition to the requirements of 35 Iii. Adm. Code
    106.Subpart G, and Section 28.1(c) of the Act, the petition
    shall, at a minimum, contain information to allow the Board to
    determine:
    a) The specific groundwater for which reclassification is
    requested, including but not limited to geographical
    extent of any aquifers, depth of groundwater, and rate
    and direction of groundwater flow and that the specific
    groundwater exhibits the characteristics of the
    requested class as set forth in Sections 620.210(e),
    620.220(b), 620.230, or 620.240(b);
    b) Whether the proposed change or use restriction is
    necessary for economic or social development, by
    providing information including, but not limited to,
    the impacts of the standards on the regional economy,
    social benefits such as loss of jobs or closing of
    facilities, and economic analysis contrasting the
    health and environmental benefits with costs likely to
    be incurred in meeting the standards would be
    beneficial or necessary;
    c) Existing and anticipated uses of the specific
    groundwater;
    d) Existing and anticipated quality of the specific
    groundwater;
    119—141

    —16—
    e) Existing and anticipated contamination, if any, of the
    specific groundwater;
    f) Technical feasibility and economic reasonableness of
    eliminating or reducing contamination of the specific
    groundwater or of maintaining existing water quality;
    g) The anticipated time period over which contaminants
    will continue to affect the specific groundwater;
    h) Existing and anticipated impact on any potable water
    supplies due to contamination;
    i) Availability and cost of alternate water sources or of
    treatment for those users adversely affected;
    j) Negative or positive effect on property values; and
    k) For special resource groundwater, negative or positive
    effect on:
    1) The quality of surface waters; and
    2) Wetlands, natural areas, and the life contained
    therein, including endangered or threatened
    species of plant, fish or wildlife listed pursuant
    to the Endangered Species Act 16 U.S.C. 1531 et
    seq., or the Illinois Endangered Species
    Protection Act (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989, ch. 8, par.
    331 et seq.).
    119—142

    —17—
    SUBPART C: NONDEGRADATION PROVISIONS FOR APPROPRIATE
    GROtJNDWATERS
    Section 620.301
    General Prohibition Against Use Impairment of
    Resource Groundwater
    a) No person shall cause, threaten or allow the release of
    any contaminant to a resource groundwater such that:
    1) Treatment or additional treatment is necessary to
    continue an existing use or to assure a potential
    use of such groundwater; or
    2)
    An existing or potential use of such groundwater
    is precluded.
    b) Nothing in this Section shall prevent the establishment
    of a groundwater management zone pursuant to Section
    620. 250.
    Section 620.302
    Applicability of Notification Limitations and
    Preventive Response Activities
    a) Notification limitations and preventive response as
    specified in Sections 620.305 through 620.310 shall
    apply to:
    1) Class I groundwater, which is monitored by the
    persons listed in subsection (b), and is located
    within:
    A) A setback zone;
    B) A regulated recharge area;
    C) 50 feet of the land surface; or
    2) Class III groundwater which is monitored by the
    persons listed in subsection (b).
    b) For purposes of subsection (a), the persons that
    conduct groundwater monitoring are:
    1) An owner or operator of a regulated entity for
    which groundwater quality monitoring must be
    performed pursuant to State or Federal law or
    regulation;
    2) An owner or operator of a public water supply well
    who conducts groundwater quality monitoring; or
    3) A state agency which is authorized to conduct or
    is the recipient of groundwater quality monitoring
    119— 143

    —18—
    data (e.g., Illinois Environmental Protection
    Agency, Department of Public Health, Department of
    Conservation, Department of Mines and Minerals,
    Department of Agriculture, Office of State Fire
    Marshall or Department of Energy and Natural
    Resources).
    Section 620.305
    Notification Limitations and Procedures
    a) Pursuant to groundwater quality monitoring as described
    in Section 620.302, a notification limitation shall
    apply to a specified groundwater whenever a
    contaminant:
    1) Listed under Section 620.310(a) (3) (A) is detected
    (except due to natural causes) in Class I
    groundwater; or
    2) Subject to a standard under Section 620.430 is
    detected (except due to natural causes) in Class
    III groundwater.
    b) When a notification limitation applies to groundwater
    which is monitored by a regulated entity for the
    subject contaminant, the owner or operator of the site
    shall confirm the detection by resampling the
    monitoring well. This resamplirig shall be made within
    30 days of the date on which the first sample analyses
    are received. The owner or operator shall provide
    notice to the appropriate regulatory agency of the
    results of the resampling analysis within 30 days of
    the date on which the sample analyses are received, but
    no later than 90 days after the results of the first
    samples were received.
    c) When a notification limitation applies to groundwater
    which is monitored by a regulatory agency, such agency
    shall notify the owner or operator of the site where
    the detection has occurred. The owner or operator
    shall confirm the detection by resampling within 30
    days of the date of the notice by the regulatory
    agency. The owner or operator shall provide notice to
    the regulatory agency of the results of the resaiupling
    analysis within 30 days of the date on which the sample
    analyses are received, but no later than 90 days after
    the results of the first samples were received.
    d) When a notice of a confirmed detection has been
    provided by an owner or operator pursuant to this
    Section, additional detections of the same contaminant
    do not require further notice, provided that the
    groundwater quality conditions are substantially
    119—144

    —19—
    unchanged or that preventive response is underway for
    such contaminant.
    Section 620.310
    Preventive Response Activities
    a) The following preventive assessment shall be
    undertaken:
    1) If a notice under Section 620.305(c) is provided
    by a community water supply:
    A) The Agency shall notify the owner or operator
    of any identified potential primary source,
    potential secondary source, potential route,
    or community water supply well that is
    located within 2,500 feet of the wellhead.
    B) The owner or operator notified under
    subsection (a) (1) (A) shall, within 30 days of
    the date of issuance of such notice, sample
    each water well or monitoring well for the
    contaminant identified in the notice if the
    contaminant or material containing such
    contaminant is or has been stored, disposed,
    or otherwise handled at the site. If a
    contaminant identified under Section
    620.305(a) is detected, then the well shall
    be resampled within 30 days of the date on
    which the first sample analyses are received.
    The results of each analysis shall be
    reported to the Agency within 90 days of the
    date of issuance of the notice.
    C) If the Agency receives analytical results
    under subsection (a) (1) (B) that show a
    contaminant identified under Section
    620.305(a) has been detected, the Agency
    shall:
    i) Conduct a well site survey pursuant to
    Section 17.1(d) of the Act, if such a
    survey has not been previously conducted
    within the last 5 years; and
    ii) Identify those sites or activities which
    represent a hazard to the continued
    availability of groundwaters for public
    use unless a groundwater protection
    needs assessment has been prepared
    pursuant to Section 17.1 of theAct.
    2) The Department of Public Health shall conduct a
    sanitary survey within 500 feet of the wellhead or
    119—145

    —20—
    wellheads if a notice under Section 620.305(c) is
    provided by a non—community water supply or for
    multiple private water supply wells.
    3) If a notice under Section 620.305(b) is provided
    by the owner or operator of a regulated entity and
    the applicable standard in Subpart D has not been
    exceeded:
    A) The appropriate regulatory agency shall
    determine if any of the following occurs for
    Class I: Potable Resource Groundwater:
    i) The levels set forth below are exceeded:
    Constituent
    Criteria
    (nig /1)
    para—Dichlorobenzene
    0.005
    ortho-Dichlorobenzene
    0. 01
    Ethylbenzene
    0.03
    Styrene
    0.01
    Toluene
    0.04
    Xylenes
    0.02
    ii) For a constituent other than those
    identified in subsections (a) (3) (A) (i)
    or (iii), a statistically significant
    increase occurs above background (as
    determined pursuant to other regulatory
    procedures (e.g., 35 Ill. Adm. Code 616,
    724, 725 or 811)) for arsenic, cadmium,
    chromium, cyanide, lead or mercury
    (except due to natural causes); or for
    aldicarb, atrazine, carbofuran, endrin,
    lindane (gamma—hexachior cyclohexane),
    2 ,4—D, 1, l-dichloroethylene,
    cis-1, 2-dichioroethylene,
    I
    2-dichloroethylene,
    methoxychior, monochlorobenzene,
    2,4,5—TP (Silvex) and
    1,1, 1-trichloroethane.
    iii) For a chemical constituent of gasoline,
    diesel fuel, or heating fuel, the
    constituent exceeds the following:
    Constituent
    Criterion
    (mg/l)
    Benzene
    0.005
    BETX
    0.095
    119—146

    —21—
    (Board Note: Constituents that are carcinogens
    have not been listed in subsection (a) (3) (A)
    because the standard is set at the PQL and any
    exceedance thereof is a violation subject to
    corrective action.)
    B) The appropriate agency shall determine if,
    for Class III: Special Resource Groundwater,
    the levels as determined by the Board are
    exceeded.
    C) The appropriate regulatory agency shall
    consider whether the owner or operator
    reasonably demonstrates that:
    i) The contamination is as a result of
    contaminants remaining in groundwater
    from a prior release for which
    appropriate action was taken in
    accordance with laws and regulations in
    existence at the time of the release;
    ii) The source of contamination is not due
    to the on—site release of contaminants;
    or
    iii) The detection resulted from error in
    sampling, analysis, or evaluation.
    D) The appropriate regulatory agency shall
    consider actions necessary to minimize the
    degree and extent of contamination.
    b) Based on the considerations in subsection (a) (3) as
    well as other relevant factors, the appropriate
    regulatory agency shall determine whether a preventive
    response shall be undertaken at a site.
    c) After completion of preventive response pursuant to
    authority of an appropriate regulatory agency, the
    concentration of a contaminant in groundwater shall not
    exceed 50 percent of the applicable numerical standard
    in Subpart D.
    d) Nothing in this Section shall in any way limit the
    authority of the State or of the United States to
    require or perform any corrective action process.
    119— 147

    —22—
    SUBPART D: GROUNDWATER QUALITY STANDARDS
    Section 620.401 Applicability
    Groundwaters shall meet the standards appropriate to the
    groundwater’s class as specified in this Subpart and the
    nondegradation provisions of Subpart C.
    Section 620.405
    General Prohibition Against Violations of
    Groundwater Quality Standards
    No person shall cause, threaten or allow the release of any
    contaminant to groundwater so as to cause a groundwater quality
    standard set forth in this Subpart to be exceeded.
    Section 620.410
    Groundwater Quality Standards for Class I:
    Potable Resource Groundwater
    a) Inorganic Chemical Constituents
    Except due to natural causes or as provided in Section
    620.450, concentrations of the following chemical
    constituents shall not be exceeded in Class I
    groundwater:
    Constituent
    Units
    Standard
    Arsenic
    mg/i
    0.05
    Barium
    mg/l
    2
    Cadmium
    mg/l
    0.005
    Chloride*
    mg/i
    200
    Chromium
    mg/I
    0.1
    Copper
    mg/i
    5
    Cyanide
    mg/i
    0.2
    Fluoride
    mg/l
    4.0
    Iron*
    mg/l
    5
    Lead
    mg/i
    0.05
    Manganese
    mg/l
    0.15
    Mercury
    mg/l
    0.002
    Nitrate as N
    mg/l
    10
    Radium—226
    pCi/i
    20
    Radium-228
    pCi/i
    20
    Selenium
    mg/i
    0.05
    Silver
    mg/l
    0.05
    Sulfate*
    mg/i
    400
    Total Dissolved
    Solids (TDS)* mg/l
    1,200
    *Denotes standards that apply only in aquifers.
    b) Organic Chemical Constituents
    119—148

    —23—
    Except due to natural causes or as provided in Section
    620.450 or subsection
    (C),
    concentrations of the
    following organic chemical constituents shall not be
    exceeded in Class I groundwater:
    Constituent
    Aiachlor*
    Aldicarb
    Atraz me
    Benzene*
    Carbofuran
    Carbon Tetrachloride*
    Chlordane*
    Endrin
    Heptachlor*
    Heptachlor Epoxide*
    Lindane (Gamma—Hexach1cr
    cyclohexane)
    2
    ,
    4—D
    ortho—Dichlorobenzene
    para—Dichlorobenzene
    1, 2-Dichloroethane*
    1, 1-Dichioroethyiene
    cis-1, 2-Dichioroethylene
    ,
    2-Dichloroethylene
    1, 2—Dichloropropane*
    Ethylbenz ene
    Methoxychlor
    Monochiorobenzene
    Pentachlorophenol
    *
    Polychiorinated Biphenyls
    (PCB’s) (as decachloro-
    biphenyl)
    *
    Styrene
    2,4,5—TP (Silvex)
    Tetrach loroethylene*
    Toluene
    Toxaphene*
    1,1, i-Trichloroethane
    Trichioroethylene*
    Vinyl Chioride*
    Xylenes
    *Denotes a carcinogen.
    c) Complex Organic Chemical Mixtures
    Standard
    (ing
    /1)
    0.002
    0. 003
    0. 003
    0.005
    0.04
    0.005
    0.002
    0.002
    0. 0004
    0.0002
    0. 0002
    0.07
    0.6
    0.075
    0.005
    0.007
    0.07
    0.1
    0. 005
    0.7
    0. 04
    0.1
    0.001
    0.0005
    0.1
    0.05
    0.005
    1
    0.003
    0.2
    0.005
    0.002
    10
    Concentrations of the following chemical constituents
    of gasoline, diesel fuel, or heating fuel shall not be
    exceeded in Class I groundwater:
    119—149

    —24—
    Constituent
    Standard
    (mg/i)
    Benzene*
    0.005
    BETX
    11.705
    *Denotes a carcinogen.
    d) pH
    Except due to natural causes, a pH range of 6.5
    9.0
    units shall not be exceeded in Class I groundwater.
    Section 620.420
    Groundwater Quality Standards for Class II:
    General Resource Groundwater
    a) Inorganic Chemical Constituents
    1) Except due to natural causes or as provided in
    Section 620.450 or subsection (a)(3) or (d),
    concentrations of the following chemical
    constituents shall not be exceeded in Class II
    groundwater:
    Constituent
    Standard
    (mg /1)
    Arsenic
    0.2
    Barium
    2
    Cadmium
    0.05
    Chromium
    1
    Cobalt
    i
    Cyanide
    0.6
    Fiuoride
    4.0
    Lead
    0.1
    Mercury
    0.01
    Nitrate as N
    100
    2) Except as provided in Section 620.450 or
    subsection (a) (3) or (d), concentrations of the
    following chemical constituents shall not be
    exceeded within an aquifer which is 10 feet or
    more from the land surface:
    Constituent
    Standard
    (mg/i)
    Boron
    2.0
    Chloride
    200
    Copper
    0.5
    Iron
    5
    Manganese
    10
    Nickel
    2
    119—150

    —25—
    Selenium
    0.02
    Total Dissolved Solids
    (TDS)
    1,200
    Sulfate
    400
    Zinc
    10
    3) For a site within the industrial property class,
    any concentration of an inorganic chemical
    constituent listed in subsection (a) (1) or (a) (2)
    shall not apply to groundwater within fill
    material or within the upper 5 feet of parent
    material under fill material that was placed on
    such a site prior to the effective date of this
    Part and for which:
    A) On-site surficial characteristics have been
    altered by the placement of such fill
    material so as to cause the concentration as
    specified in subsection (a) (1), (a) (2), or
    (e) to be exceeded;
    B) The placement of such fill material does not
    cause any concentration as specified in
    subsection (a) (1), (a) (2), or (e) to be
    exceeded off—site; and
    C) The existing on-site concentration, as
    determined by groundwater monitoring and
    documented, of such chemical constituent is
    not exceeded after the effective date of this
    Part.
    4) For purposes of subsection (a) (3), the term “fill
    material” means earthen materials, slag, ash,
    clean demolition debris, or other similar
    materials.
    b) Organic Chemical Constituents
    1) Except due to natural causes or as provided in
    Section 620.450 or subsection (b) (2) or (d),
    concentrations of the following organic chemical
    constituents shall not be exceeded in Class II
    groundwater:
    Constituent
    Standard
    (mg/i)
    Alachlor*
    0.010
    Aldicarb
    0.015
    Atrazine
    0.015
    Benzene*
    0.025
    Carbofuran
    0.2
    119—15 1

    —26—
    Carbon Tetrachloride*
    0.025
    Chlordane*
    0.01
    Endrin
    0.01
    Heptachlor*
    0.002
    Heptachlor Epoxide*
    0.01
    Lindane (Gamma-Hexachlor
    cyclohexane)
    0.0002
    2,4—D
    0.35
    ortho—Dichlorobenzene
    1.5
    para-Dichlorobenzene
    0.375
    1, 2—Dichloroethane*
    0.025
    1 ,1—Dichloroethylene
    0.035
    cis-1, 2—Dichloroethylene
    0.2
    ,
    2—Dichloroethylene
    0.5
    1, 2-Dichloropropane*
    0.025
    Ethylbenzene
    1.0
    Methoxychior
    0.2
    Monochlorobenzene
    0.5
    Pentachlorophenol*
    0.005
    Phenols
    0.1
    Polychiorinated Biphenyls
    (PCB’s) (as decachioro-
    biphenyl)*
    0.0025
    Styrene
    0.5
    2,4,5—TP
    0.25
    Tetrachioroethylene*
    0.025
    Toluene
    2.5
    Toxaphene*
    0.015
    1, 1, 1—Trichioroethane
    1.0
    Trichloroethylene*
    0.025
    Vinyl Chloride*
    0.01
    Xylenes
    10
    *Denotes a carcinogen.
    2) For a site used for agricultural crop production,
    the standards for pesticide chemical constituents
    listed in subsection (b) (1) shall not apply to
    groundwater within 5 feet of the land surface or
    the mature root zone, whichever is greater, but
    not to exceed 10 feet from the land surface,
    provided that the concentrations of such
    constituents result from the application of
    pesticides in a manner consistent with the
    requirements of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide
    and Rodenticide Act (7 U. S. C. 136 et seq.) and
    the Illinois Pesticide Act (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989,
    ch. 5, pars. 801 et seq.).
    d) Complex Organic Chemical Mixtures
    119— 152

    —27—
    Concentrations of the following organic chemical
    constituents of gasoline, diesel fuel, or heating fuel
    shall not be exceeded in Class II groundwater:
    Constituent
    Standard
    (mg/i)
    Benzene*
    0.025
    BETX
    13.525
    *Denotes a carcinogen.
    e) pH
    Except due to natural causes, a pH range of 6.5
    9.0
    units shall not be exceeded in Class II groundwater of
    10 feet or more from the land surface. This
    requirement shall apply only in aquifers.
    Section 620.430
    Groundwater Quality Standards for Class III:
    Special Resource Groundwater
    Specific standards for Class III: SpecIal Resource Groundwater
    will be established by the Board in accordance with procedures
    set forth in Section 620.260.
    Section 620.440
    Groundwater Quality Standards for Class IV:
    Other Groundwater
    a) Except as provided in subsection (b), Class IV: Other
    Groundwater standards are equal to the existing
    concentrations of constituents in groundwater.
    b) For groundwater within a zone of attenuation for a
    permitted landfill, the standards specified in Section
    620.420 shall not be exceeded, except for
    concentrations of contaminants within leachate
    discharged from a permitted unit.
    c) For groundwater within a previously mined area, the
    standards set forth in Section 620.420 shall not be
    exceeded, except for concentrations of TDS, chloride,
    iron, manganese, or sulfates. For concentrations of
    TDS, chloride, iron, manganese, or sulfates, the
    standards are the existing concentrations.
    Section 620.450
    Alternative Groundwater Quality Standards
    a) Groundwater Quality Restoration Standards
    1) Any chemical constituent in groundwater within a
    groundwater management zone is subject to this
    Section.
    119—153

    —28—
    2) Except as provided in subsections (a) (3) or
    (a)
    (4),
    the standards as specified in Sections
    620.410, 620.420, 620.430, and 620.440 shall apply
    to any chemical constituent in groundwater within
    a groundwater management zone.
    3) Prior to completion of a process described in
    Section 620.250(a), the standards as specified in
    Sections 620.410, 620.420, 620.430, and 620.440
    are not applicable to such released chemical
    constituent, provided that the initiated action
    proceeds in a timely and appropriate manner.
    4) After completion of a process as described in
    Section 620.250(a) under which the maximum
    practicable restoration of beneficial use, as
    appropriate for the class of groundwater, has been
    achieved and any threat to public health or the
    environment has been minimized, the standard for
    such released chemical constituent is:
    A) The concentration as set forth in Section
    620.410, 620.420, 620.430, or 620.440, if the
    restoration concentration as determined by
    groundwater monitoring of such constituent is
    less than or equal to the concentration for
    the appropriate class set forth in those
    sections; or
    B) The restoration concentration, if such
    concentration exceeds the concentration for
    the appropriate class set forth in Section
    620.410, 620.420, 620.430, or 620.440 for
    such constituent.
    5) The Agency shall develop and maintain a listing of
    restoration concentrations as derived pursuant to
    subsection (a) (4) (B). This list shall be made
    available to the public and be updated
    periodically, but no less frequently than
    semi-annually. This listing shall be published in
    the Environmental Register.
    b) Coal Reclamation Groundwater Quality Standards
    1) Any inorganic chemical constituent or pH in
    groundwater within an underground coal mine or
    within the cumulative impact area of groundwater
    for which the hydrologic balance has been
    disturbed from a permitted coal mine area pursuant
    to the Surface Coal Mining Land Conservation and
    Reclamation Act (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989, ch. 96 1/2,
    119—154

    —29—
    pars. 7901.1 et seq., as amended) and 62 Ill. Adm.
    Code 1700 through 1850, is subject to this
    Section. This Section shall not apply to:
    A) A refuse disposal area that is not contained
    within the area from which overburden has
    been removed. This Section shall apply to a
    refuse disposal area that was placed in
    operation prior to February 1, 1983, and:
    i) Has remained in continuous operation
    since that date; or
    ii) Is modified after February 1, 1983, to
    include additional area, in which case
    this Section shall not apply to the
    additional area but shall apply to the
    area that meets the requirements of
    subsection (b) (1) (A) (i).
    B) A coal preparation plant which contains
    slurry material, sludge or other precipitated
    process material. This Section shall apply
    to such a plant that was placed in operation
    prior to February 1, 1983, and:
    i) Has remained in continuous operation
    since that date; or
    ii) Is modified after February 1, 1983, to
    include additional area, in which case
    this Section shall not apply to the
    additional area but shall apply to the
    area that meets the requirements of
    subsection (b) (1) (B) (i).
    2) Prior to completion of reclamation at a coal mine,
    the standards as specified in Sections 620.410(a)
    and (d), 620.420(a) and (e), 620.430, and 620.440
    are not applicable to inorganic chemical
    constituents and pH.
    3) After completion of reclamation at a coal mine,
    the standards as specified in Sections 620.410(a)
    and (d), 620.420(a) and (e), 620.430, and 620.440
    are applicable to inorganic chemical constituents
    and pH, except:
    A) The concentration of total dissolved solids
    (TDS) shall not exceed:
    i) The post—reclamation concentration or
    3000 mg/i, whichever is less, for
    119—155

    —30—
    groundwater within the permitted area;
    or
    ii) The post—reclamation concentration of
    TDS shall not exceed the
    post—reclamation concentration or 5000
    mg/i, whichever is less, for groundwater
    in underground coal mines and in
    permitted areas reclaimed after surface
    coal mining if the Illinois Department
    of Mines and Minerals and the Agency
    have determined that no significant
    resource groundwater existed prior to
    mining; and
    B) For chloride, iron, manganese and sulfate,
    the post—reclamation concentration within the
    permitted area shall not be exceeded.
    119— 156

    —31—
    SUBPART E: GROUNDWATER MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES
    Section 620.505
    Compliance Procedures
    a) Compliance with standards at a site shall be determined
    as follows:
    1) For a structure (e.g., buildings), at the closest
    practical distance beyond the outermost edge for
    the structure.
    2) For groundwater that underlies a potential primary
    or secondary source, the outermost edge of such
    source as specified in Section 620.240(d).
    3) For a groundwater management zone, as specified in
    a corrective action process.
    b) Compliance with this Part shall be determined at any
    point at which groundwater monitoring is conducted
    using any water well or monitoring well that meets the
    following conditions:
    1) For a potable well other than a community water
    supply well, a construction report has been filed
    with the Department of Public Health for such
    potable well, or such well has been located and
    constructed (or reconstructed) to meet the
    Illinois Water Well Construction Code (Ill. Rev.
    Stat. 1989, ch. 111 1/2, pars. 116.111 et seq., as
    amended) and 35 Ill. Adm. Code 920.
    2) For a community water supply well, such well has
    been permitted by the Agency, or has been
    constructed in accordance 35 Ill. Adm. Code
    602. 115.
    3) For a water well other than a potable water well
    (e.g., a livestock watering well or an irrigation
    well), a construction report has been filed with
    the Department of Public Health or the Department
    of Mines and Minerals for such well, or such well
    has been located and constructed (or
    reconstructed) to meet the Illinois Water Well
    Construction Code (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989, ch. 111
    1/2, pars. 116.111 et seq., as amended) and 35
    Ill. Adni. Code 920.
    4) For a monitoring well, such well meets the
    following requirements:
    119— 157

    —32—
    A) Construction must be done in a manner that
    will enable the collection of groundwater
    samples;
    B) Casings and screens must be made from durable
    material resistant to expected chemical or
    physical degradation that do not interfere
    with the quality of groundwater samples being
    collected; and
    C) The annular space opposite the screened
    section of the well (i.e., the space between
    the bore hole and well screen) must be filled
    with gravel or sand if necessary to collect
    groundwater samples. The annular space above
    and below the well screen must be sealed to
    prevent migration of water from adjacent
    formations and the surface to the sampled
    depth.
    c) For a spring, compliance with this Subpart shall be
    determined at the point of emergence.
    Section 620.510
    Monitoring and Analytical Requirements
    a) Representative Samples
    A representative sample shall be taken from locations
    as specified in Section 620.505.
    b) Sampling and Analytical Procedures
    1) Samples shall be collected in accordance with the
    procedures set forth in the documents listed in
    Section 620.125(a) or other procedures adopted by
    the appropriate agency.
    2) Groundwater elevation in a groundwater monitoring
    well must be determined and recorded when
    necessary to determine the gradient.
    3) The analytical methodology used for the analysis
    of constituents in Subparts C and E must be
    consistent with both of the following:
    A) The methodology must have a PQL at or below
    the groundwater standard set forth in
    Subparts C or the corrective action levels of
    Subpart E, whichever is applicable; and
    B) The methodology must be consistent with
    methodologies contained in the documents
    listed in Section 620.125(a).
    119—158

    —33—
    c) Reporting Requirements
    At a minimum, groundwater monitoring analytical results
    must include information, procedures and techniques
    for:
    1) Sample collection (including but not limited to
    name of sample collector, time and date of the
    sample, method of collection, and identification
    of the monitoring location);
    2) Sample preservation and shipment (including but
    not limited to field quality control);
    3) Analytical procedures (including but not limited
    to the method detection limits and the PQLs); and
    4) Chain of custody control.
    119—159

    —34—
    SUBPART F: HEALTH ADVISORIES
    Section 620.601
    Purpose of a Health Advisory
    This Subpart establishes procedures for the issuance of a Health
    Advisory that sets forth guidance levels that, in the absence of
    standards under Section 620.410, must be considered by the Agency
    in:
    a) Establishing groundwater cleanup or action levels
    whenever there is a release or substantial threat of a
    release of:
    1) A hazardous substance or pesticide; or
    2) Other contaminant that represents a significant
    hazard to public health or the environment.
    b) Determining whether the community water supply is
    taking its raw water from the “best available source
    which is economically reasonable and technologically
    possible” as mandated under 35 Ill. Adm. Code
    604.501(a).
    c) Developing Board rulemaking proposals for new or
    revised numerical standards.
    d) Evaluating mixtures of chemical substances.
    Section 620.605
    Issuance of a Health Advisory
    a) The Agency shall issue a Health Advisory for a chemical
    substance if all of the following conditions are met:
    1) A community water supply well is sampled and a
    substance is detected and confirmed by resampling;
    2) There is no standard under Section 620.410 for
    such chemical substance; and
    3) The chemical substance is toxic or harmful to
    human health according to nationally accepted
    guidelines.
    b) The Health Advisory shall contain a general description
    of the characteristics of the chemical substance, the
    potential adverse health effects, and a guidance level
    to be determined as follows:
    1) If disease or functional impairment is caused due
    to a physiological mechanism for which there is a
    threshold dose below which no damage occurs, the
    guidance level for any such substance shall be the
    119—160

    —35—
    Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (“MCLG”) adopted by
    USEPA for such substance. If there is no MCLG for
    the substance, the guidance level shall be the
    Human Threshold Toxicant Advisory Concentration
    for such substance as determined in accordance
    with Appendix A, unless the concentration for such
    substance is less than the lowest appropriate PQL
    specified in Section 620.125 for the substance.
    If the concentration for such substance is less
    than the lowest appropriate PQL specified in
    Section 620.125 for the substance, the guidance
    level is the lowest PQL.
    2) If the chemical substance is a carcinogen, the
    guidance level for any such chemical substance
    shall be the lowest appropriate PQL specified in
    Section 620.125 for such substance.
    Section 620.610
    Publishing Health Advisories
    a) The Agency shall publish the full text of each Health
    Advisory upon issuance and make the document available
    to the public.
    b) The Agency shall publish and make available to the
    public, at intervals of not more than 6 months, a
    comprehensive and up—to—date summary list of all Health
    Advisories.
    Section 620.615
    Additional Health Advice for Mixtures of
    Similar-Acting Substances
    a) The need for additional health advice appropriate to
    site-specific conditions shall be determined by the
    Agency when mixtures of chemical substances are
    detected, where two or more of the chemical substances
    are similar-acting in their toxic or harmful
    physiological effect on the same specific organ or
    organ system.
    b) If mixtures of similar—acting chemical substances are
    present, the level for such substances shall be
    determined in accordance with Appendices A, B, and C.
    119—161

    —36—
    Section 620.Appendix A Procedures for Determining Human
    Threshold Toxicant Advisory
    Concentration for Class I: Potable
    Resource Groundwater
    a) Calculating the Human Threshold Toxicant Advisory
    Concentration
    For those substances for which USEPA has not adopted a
    Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (“MCLG”), the Human
    Threshold Toxicant Advisory Concentration shall be
    calculated as follows:
    HTTAC
    =
    (ADE/WH) x RSC
    Where: HTTAC
    =
    Human Threshold Toxicant Advisory
    Concentration in milligrams per
    liter
    ADE
    =
    Acceptable Daily Exposure of
    substance in milligrams per day
    (mg/d) as determined pursuant to
    subsection (b).
    WH
    =
    Per capita daily water consumption
    equal to 2 liters per day (l/d)
    RSC
    =
    Relative contribution of the amount
    of the exposure to a chemical via
    drinking water when compared to the
    total exposure to that chemical
    from all sources. Valid
    chemical—specific data shall be
    used if available. If valid
    chemical—specific data are not
    available, a value of 20 (=0.20)
    shall be used.
    b) Procedures for Determining Acceptable Daily Exposures
    for Class I: Potable Resource Groundwater
    1)
    The Acceptable Daily Exposure (ADE) represents the
    maximum amount of a threshold toxicant in
    milligrams per day (mg/d) which if ingested daily
    for a lifetime results in no adverse effects to
    humans. Subsections (b) (2) through (b) (6) list,
    in prescribed order, methods for determining the
    ADE in Class I: Potable Resource Groundwater.
    2) For those substances for which the USEPA has
    derived a Verified Oral Reference Dose for humans,
    USEPA’s Reference Dose given in milligrams per
    kilogram per day (mg/kg/d) shall be used. The ADE
    119—162

    —37—
    equals the product of multiplying the Reference
    Dose by 70 kilograms (kg), which is the assumed
    average weight of an adult human.
    3) For those substances for which a no observed
    adverse effect level for humans (NOAEL—H) exposed
    to the substance has been derived, the ADE equals
    the product of multiplying one-tenth of the
    NOAEL-H given in milligrams of toxicant per
    kilogram of body weight per day (mg/kg/d) by the
    average weight of an adult human of 70 kilograms
    (kg). If two or more studies are available, the
    lowest NOAEL-H shall be used in the calculation of
    the ADE.
    4) For those substances for which only a lowest
    observed adverse effect level for humans (LOAEL—H)
    exposed to the substance has been derived,
    one-tenth the LOAEL-H shall be substituted for the
    NOAEL—H in subsection (b) (3).
    5) For those substances for which a no observed
    adverse effect level has been derived from studies
    of mammalian test species (NOAEL-A) exposed to the
    substance, the ADE equals the product of
    multiplying 1/100 of the NOAEL-A given in
    milligrams toxicant per kilogram of test species
    weight per day (mg/kg/d) by the average weight of
    an adult human of 70 kilograms (kg). Preference
    will be given to animal studies having High
    Validity, as defined in subsection (c), in the
    order listed in that subsection. Studies having a
    Medium Validity shall be considered if no studies
    having High Validity are available. If studies of
    Low Validity must be used, the ADE shall be
    calculated using 1/1000 of the NOAEL-A having Low
    Validity instead of 1/100 of the NOAEL-A of High
    or Medium Validity, except as described in
    subsection (b) (6). If two or more studies among
    different animal species are equally valid, the
    lowest NOAEL-A among animal species shall be used
    in the calculation of the ADE. Additional
    considerations in selecting the NOAEL-A include:
    A) If the NOAEL-A is given in milligrams of
    toxicant per liter of water consumed (mg/l),
    prior to calculating the ADE the NOAEL-A must
    be multiplied by the average daily volume of
    water consumed by the mammalian test species
    in liters per day (l/d) and divided by the
    average weight of the mammalian test species
    in kilograms (kg).
    119—163

    —38—
    B) If the NOAEL-A is given in milligrams of
    toxicant per kilogram of food consumed
    (mg/kg), prior to calculating the ADE, the
    NOAEL-A must be multiplied by the average
    amount in kilograms of food consumed daily by
    the mammalian test species (kg/d) and divided
    by the average weight of the mammalian test
    species in kilograms (kg).
    C) If the mammalian test species was not exposed
    to the toxicant each day of the test period,
    the NOAEL-A must be multiplied by the ratio
    of days of exposure to the total days of the
    test period.
    D) If more than one equally valid NOAEL-A is
    available for the same mammalian test
    species, the best available data shall be
    used.
    6) For those substances for which a NOAEL-A is not
    available but the lowest observed adverse effect
    level (LOAEL-A) has been derived from studies of
    mammalian test species exposed to the substance,
    one-tenth of the LOAEL-A may be substituted for
    the NOAEL-A in subsection (b) (5). The LOAEL-A
    shall be selected in the same manner as that
    specified in subsection (b) (5). One-tenth the
    LOAEL-A from a study determined to have Medium
    Validity may be substituted for a NOAEL-A in
    subsection (b) (3) if the NOAEL-A is from a study
    determined to have Low Validity, or if the
    toxicity endpoint measured in the study having the
    LOAEL-A of Medium Validity is determined to be
    more biologically relevant than the toxicity
    endpoint measured in the study having the NOAEL-A
    of Low Validity.
    c) Procedures for Establishing Validity of Data from
    Animal Studies
    1) High Validity Studies
    A) High validity studies use a route of exposure
    by ingestion or gavage, and are based upon:
    i) Data from animal carcinogenicity studies
    with a minimum of 2 dose levels and a
    control group, 2 species, both sexes,
    with 50 animals per dose per sex, and at
    least 50 percent survival at 15 months
    in mice and 18 months in rats and at
    119—164

    —39—
    least 25 percent survival at 18 months
    in mice and 24 months in rats;
    ii) Data from animal chronic studies with a
    minimum of 3 dose levels and a control
    group, 2 species, both sexes, with 40
    animals per dose per sex, and at least
    50 percent survival at 15 months in mice
    and 18 months in rats and at least 25
    percent survival at 18 months in mice
    and 24 months in rats, and a
    well-defined NOAEL; or
    iii) Data from animal subchronic studies with
    a minimum of 3 dose levels and control,
    2 species, both sexes, 4 animals per
    dose per sex for non—rodent species or
    10 animals per dose per sex for rodent
    species, a duration of approximately 10
    percent of the test species’ lifespan,
    and a well—defined NOAEL.
    B) Supporting studies which reinforce the
    conclusions of a study of Medium Validity may
    be considered to raise such a study to High
    Validity.
    2) Medium Validity Studies
    Medium validity studies are based upon:
    A) Data from animal carcinogenicity, chronic, or
    subchronic studies in which minor deviations
    from the study design elements required for
    a High Validity Study are found, but which
    otherwise satisfy the standards for a High
    Validity Study;
    B) Data from animal carcinogenicity and chronic
    studies in which at least 25 percent survival
    is reported at 15 months in mice and 18
    months in rats (a lesser survival is
    permitted at the conclusion of a longer
    duration study, but the number of surviving
    animals should not fall below 20 percent per
    dose per sex at 18 months for mice and 24
    months for rats), but which otherwise satisfy
    the standards for a High Validity Study;
    C) Data from animal subchronic or chronic
    studies in which a Lowest Observable Adverse
    Effect Level (LOAEL) is determined, but which
    119—165

    —40—
    otherwise satisfy the standards for a High
    Validity Study; or
    D) Data from animal subchronic or chronic
    studies which have an inappropriate route of
    exposure (for example, intraperitoneal
    injection or inhalation) but which otherwise
    satisfy the standards for a High Validity
    Study
    ,
    with correction factors for
    conversion to the oral route.
    3) Low Validity Studies
    Low validity studies are studies not meeting the
    standards set forth in subsection (c) (1) or
    (c) (2)
    119—166

    —41—
    Section 620.Appendix B Procedures for Determining Hazard
    Indices for Class I: Potable Resource
    Groundwater for Mixtures of
    Similar—Acting Substances
    a) This appendix describes procedures for determining the
    maximum amount of similar—acting substances which may
    be present as a mixture in Class I: Potable Resource
    Groundwaters for the protection of human health.
    Except as provided otherwise in subsection (c),
    subsections (d) through (h) describe the procedure for
    determining the Hazard Index for mixtures of
    similar—acting substances.
    b) For the purposes of this appendix, a “mixture” means
    two or more substances which are present in Class I:
    Potable Resource Groundwater which may or may not be
    related either chemically or commercially, but which
    are not complex mixtures of related isomers and
    congeners which are produced as commercial products
    (for example, PCBs or technical grade chiordane).
    c) The following substances listed in Section 620.410 are
    mixtures of similar acting substances:
    1) Mixtures of ortho-Dichlorobenzene and
    para—Dichlorobenzene. The Hazard Index (“HI”) for
    such mixtures shall be determined as follows:
    HI
    =
    ortho-Dichlorobenzene/0.6
    +
    para-Dichlorobenzene /0.075
    2) Mixtures of i,1-Dichloroethylene and
    1,1,1—trichioroethane. The Hazard Index (“HI”)
    for such mixtures shall be determined as follows:
    HI
    =
    i,1-Dichloroethylene/0.007 +
    ri
    .1. 1—trichloroethane/0.2
    d) When two or more substances occur together in a
    mixture, the additivity of the toxicities of some or
    all of the substances will be considered when
    determining health based standards for Class I: Potable
    Resource Groundwater. This is done by the use of a
    dose addition model with the development of a Hazard
    Index for the mixture of substances with similar—acting
    toxicities. This method does not address synergism or
    antagonism. Guidelines for determining when the dose
    addition of similar—acting substances is appropriate
    are presented in Appendix C.
    The Hazard Index shall be calculated as follows:
    119—167

    —42—
    HI
    =
    A/ALB
    +
    (B/ALB
    + . . .
    1)/ALl)
    Where: HI
    =
    Hazard Index, unitless.
    (A, (B, I
    =
    Concentration of each
    similar—acting substance in groundwater
    in milligrams per liter (mg/i).
    ALA, ALB, ALl
    =
    The acceptable level of
    each similar-acting substance in the
    mixture in milligrams per liter (mg/i).
    e) For substances which are considered to have a threshold
    mechanism of toxicity, the acceptable level is:
    1) The standards listed in Section 620.410; or
    2) For those substances for which standards have not
    been established in Section 620.410, the Human
    Threshold Toxicant Advisory Concentration (HTTAC)
    as determined in Appendix A.
    f) For substances which are carcinogens, the acceptable
    level is:
    1) The standards listed in Section 620.410; or
    2) For those substances for which standards have not
    been established under Section 620.410, the lowest
    appropriate PQL of USEPA-approved analytical
    methods for each substance.
    g) Since the assumption of dose addition is most properly
    applied to substances that induce the same effect by
    similar modes of action, a separate HI shall be
    generated for each toxicity endpoint of concern.
    h) In addition to meeting the individual substance
    objectives, a Hazard Index shall be less than or equal
    to 1 for a mixture of similar—acting substances.
    Section 620.Appendix C Guidelines for Determining When Dose
    Addition of Similar-Acting Substances in
    Class I: Potable Resource Groundwaters
    is Appropriate
    a) Substances shall be considered similar—acting if:
    1) The substances have the same target in an organism
    (for example, the same organ, organ system,
    receptor, or enzyme).
    119—168

    —43—
    2) The substances have the same mode of toxic action.
    These actions may include, for example, central
    nervous system depression, liver toxicity, or
    cholinesterase inhibition.
    b) Substances that have fundamentally different mechanisms
    of toxicity (threshold toxicants vs. carcinogens) shall
    not be considered similar—acting. However, carcinogens
    which also cause a threshold toxic effect should be
    considered in a mixture with other similar-acting
    substances having the same threshold toxic effect. In
    such a case, an Acceptable Level for the carcinogen
    must be derived for its threshold effect, using the
    procedures described in Appendix A.
    C)
    Substances which are components of a complex mixture of
    related compounds which are produced as commercial
    products (for example, PCBs or technical grade
    chlordane) shall not be considered mixtures, as defined
    in Appendix B. Such complex mixtures shall be
    considered to be equivalent to a single substance. In
    such a case, the Human Threshold Toxicant Advisory
    Concentration may be derived for threshold effects of
    the complex mixture, using the procedures described in
    Appendix A, if valid toxicological or epidemiological
    data are available for the complex mixture. If the
    complex mixture is a carcinogen, the.Health Advisory
    Concentration shall be the lowest appropriate PQL of
    USEPA-approved analytical methods.
    IT IS SO ORDERED.
    Board Member B. Forcade concurred.
    I, Dorothy N. Gunn, Clerk of the Illinois Pollution Control
    Board, hereby certify tha the above Order was adopted on the
    .ZP~Z
    day of
    —‘.~-t~.m~
    ,
    1991, by a vote of
    0
    .
    Dorothy M. p~nn, Clerk
    Illinois P~1ution Control Board
    119— 169

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