ILLINOIS POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD
July 25,
1991
IN THE MATTER OF:
)
)
RACT DEFICIENCIES IN THE
)
CHICAGO AREA:
AMENDMENTS
)
R9l-7
TO 35 ILL.ADN.CODE PART 215
)
(Rulemaking)
AND
THE ADDITION OF PART 218
)
ADOPTED RULE.
FINAL ORDER.
OPINION
AND
ORDER OF THE BOARD
(by J. Theodore Meyer):
This matter is before the Board on a regulatory proposal filed
by the
Illinois Environmental
Protection Agency
(Agency).
The
Board today adopts the proposed rules,
as previously modified at
second
notice
and
as
modified
after
agreement
with
the
Joint
Conunittee on Administrative Rules
(JCAR),
as
final rules.
This
opinion will contain only the procedural history of the proceeding,
and some additional comments.
For more information on the course
of
the
proceeding,
please
refer
to the
Board’s
second
notice
opinion
and
order
(June
11,
1991)
and the
supplemental
second
notice opinion (June 20,
1991).
Procedural History
On January
17,
1991,
the Agency
filed
this
proposal
for
rulemaking.
The proposal seeks to correct deficiencies identified
by the United States Environmental Protection Agency
(USEPA)
in
Illinois’ state implementation plan (SIP) for ozone in the Chicago
area,
and
contains regulations
requiring the
implementation
of
reasonably available control technology
(RACT) for certain sources
of
volatile
organic
material
(VOM).
The
Board
accepted
the
proposal for hearing on February 7, 1991.
The Board also accepted
the
Agency’s
certification
that
this
rulemaking
is
federally
required pursuant to Section 28.2 of the Environmental Protection
Act
(Act)
(Ill.Rev.Stat.
1989,
ch.
111
1/2,
par.
1028.2),
as
amended by P.A. 86-1409.
The Board sent the rules,, as proposed by
the Agency, to first notice on February 28,
1991.
The rules were
published
in
the
Illinois
Register
on
March
15,
1991,
at
15
Ill.Reg.
3675.
On March 28, 1991, the Board found that no economic
impact study was necessary in this proceeding.
Hearings were held
on April 10 and 15, 1991.
The first notice comment period in this
rulemaking expired on April 29,
1991.
On May 2,
1991, the Agency filed a motion to suspend emergency
rulemaking.
The Board had previously expressed its intention to
proceed
with
these
proposed
rules
on
an
emergency
basis,
as
provided by Section 5.02 of the Administrative Procedure Act (APA)
(Ill.Rev.Stat.
1989,
ch.
127,
par.
1005.02)
and Section 27(c)
of
124—349
2
the Act.
The Board intended to adopt the rules on an emergency
basis in order to meet the May 15,
1991 deadline set forth in the
federal Clean Air Act Amendments of
1990,
and also proceed with
“regular”
rulemaking.
The Agency moved that the Board
suspend
consideration of the proposal as an emergency rulemaking, alleging
that the proposal was not appropriate for emergency rulemaking.
Among other things, the Agency noted that a representative from the
United States Environmental Protection Agency
(USEPA)
had stated
at hearing that USEPA believed that only “permanent” rules were
sufficient to meet the May 15 deadline, and that USEPA did not view
emergency rules to be “permanent”.
On May
3,
1991,
the Illinois
Environmental Regulatory Group
(IERG) filed a motion in support of
the Agency’s motion to suspend emergency rulemaking.
IERG stated
that emergency rules would be a “futile” attempt to meet the May
15
date.
IERG
also
stated
that
it
was
involved
in
serious
negotiations with USEPA and the Agency on points of disagreement
in these proposed rules.
At a May 6, 1991 Board meeting, the Board
deferred action on the motion for one week,
in order to allow the
participants additional time to continue discussions with USEPA.
On May
13,
1991,
the Agency
filed
a
status
report
and
a
“motion to extend first notice”.
The Agency updated that Board on
the continuing discussions between USEPA,
IERG,
and the Agency.
The Agency stated that the negotiations involved discussions, on
maximum theoretical emissions (MTE),
compliance and applicability
dates for the proposed rules, and the rules proposed as Subpart TT.
The status report included a letter from Stephen Rothblatt,
Chief
of the Regulation Development Branch for Region V of USEPA.
That
letter
confirmed
that
USEPA
was
involved
with
“serious”
negotiations with IERG and the Agency.
The Agency moved that the
Board delay moving
into second notice until May 30,
1991.
The
Agency
contended
that
it
looked
very
favorable
that
all
participants would reach an agreement, and noted that if the Board
moved to second notice before the completion of the negotiations,
it would be unable to make changes
in the proposed rule
(as
a
result of any agreement)
without returning to first notice.
The
Agency also noted that Illinois is working within a very tight time
frame for this rulemaking, so that there would be no time to return
to first notice.
The Agency summarized:
Therefore,
despite the Agency’s earlier,
fervent pleas
that the Board
go to second
notice May
9,
1991,
the
Agency requests that the Board delay second notice until
May 30,
1991.
Once the Board goes to second notice, no
changes,
other than
in response to comment
from
the
Joint Committee on Administrative Rules
JCAR,
can be
made to the rules.
The Agency,
then, would submit the
rules
at
second
notice
to
USEPA
as
our
state
implementation plan
SIP.
We would supplement the SIP
submittal with the final rules once they are promulgated.
These
activities
should
have
the
effect
of
having
Illinois
removed
from
the
deficiency
list
prior
to
124—350
3
publication
while
at
the
same
time
allowing
the
negotiating
parties
the
opportunity
to
complete
negotiations.
(Agency motion to extend first notice,
p.
6.)
On May 14,
1991,
in reliance on the statements and requests made
by the Agency,
IERG,
and USEPA,
the Board granted the Agency’s
motions to suspend emergency rulemaking and to delay second notice
until after May 30,
1991.
The Agency filed a motion to amend
its proposal on June
3,
1991.
The Agency stated that its proposed amendments were a result
of negotiations between the Agency, USEPA, and IERG.
Although no
formal agreement between the three participants had been reached,
the Agency contended that its proposed changes are approvable by
USEPA.
On June
4,
1991,
IERG filed
a motion in support of the
Agency’s motion to amend the proposal.
On June 11, 1991, the Board
granted the motion to amend.
The Board stated that based on the
statements made by the Agency and IERG,
the proposed changes are
federally approvable, and will protect the viability of the various
federal court appeals of the Fl?, on which these rules are based.
Also on June
11,
1991,
the Board
proposed these
rules
for
second
notice.
The
Board
issued
a
supplemental
second
notice
opinion on June 20,
1991.
The rules were filed with JCAR for its
review.
Based on that JCAR review, the Board has agreed to make
several non—substantive changes to these rules.
These changes are
all in the nature of typographical corrections,
etc.
On July 23,
1991, JCAR indicated that it had no objection to these rules.
Board Comments
Many of the motions and other
filings
received during
the
course of this proceeding have urged the Board to act as quickly
as possible.
As the Board has repeatedly stated,
it shares the
participants’ concern for timely
action,
and has expedited this
proceeding.
The Board has made all possible attempts to complete
this rulemaking as quickly
as possible,
while at the same time
observing the requirements for public notice, hearing, and comment.
~
Ill.Rev.Stat. 1989, ch. 111 1/2, pars.
1027, 1028, and 1028.2;
Ill.Rev.Stat.
1989,
ch.
127,
par.
1005.01.)
Based on the record
of this proceeding,
the Board finds that these rules will correct
the RACT deficiencies previously
identified by USEPA,
and that
these rules will satisfy the requirements of Section 182(a) (2) (A)
of the federal Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990.
The Board also
believes that these rules are federally approvable.
Therefore, the
Board adopts these rules as final rules.
124—35 1
4
ORDER
The Board hereby adopts, as final, the following rules.
These
rules will be filed with the Secretary of State.
TITLE 35:
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
SUBTITLE B:
AIR POLLUTION
CHAPTER
I:
POLLUTION
CONTROL
BOARD
SUBCHAPTER
c:
EMISSIONS
STANDARDS
AND
LIMITATIONS
FOR
STATIONARY
SOURCES
PART
215
ORGANIC MATERIAL EMISSION STANDARDS
AND
LIMITATIONS
SUBPART A:
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section
215.100
215.101
215.102
215.103
215.104
215.105
215.106
215.107
Introduction
Clean-up and Disposal Operations
Testing Methods
Abbreviations and Conversion Factors
Definitions
Incorporations by Reference
Afterburners
Determination of Applicability
SUBPART
B:
ORGANIC EMISSIONS FROM STORAGE AND LOADING OPERATIONS
Section
215.121
215.122
215.123
215.124
215.125
215.126
215.127
215.
128
Storage Containers
Loading Operations
Petroleum Liquid Storage Tanks
External Floating Roofs
Compliance Dates and Geographical Areas
Compliance Plan
Emissions Testing
Measurement of Seal Gaps
SUBPART C:
ORGANIC EMISSIONS FROM MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT
Section
215.141
215.142
215.143
215.144
Section
215.181
Separation Operations
Pumps and Compressors
Vapor Blowdown
Safety Relief Valves
SUBPART
E:
SOLVENT
CLEANING
Solvent
Cleaning
in
General
12 4—352
Compliance Schedules
Emission Limitations for Manufacturing Plants
Alternative Emission Limitations
Exemptions from Emission Limitations
Compliance by Aggregation of Emission Sources
Testing Methods for Volatile Organic Material Content
Exemption from General Rule on Use of Organic Material
Alternative Compliance Schedule
Compliance Dates and Geographical Areas
Compliance Plan
Special Requirements for Compliance Plan
Roadmaster Emissions Limitations
SUBPART H:
SPECIAL LIMITATIONS FOR SOURCES IN
AREAS WHICH ARE NONATTAINMENT FOR OZONE
Section
215.240
215.241
2 15.245
215.249
Section
215.260
215.261
215.263
215.264
215.267
Section
215.301
215.
302
215.303
215.304
215. 305
Applicability
External Floating Roofs
Flexographic and Rotogravure Printing
Compliance Dates
SUBPART I:
ADJUSTED RACT EMISSIONS LIMITATIONS
Applicability
Petition
Public Hearing
Board Action
Agency Petition
SUBPART K:
USE OF ORGANIC MATERIAL
Use of Organic Material
Alternative Standard
Fuel Combustion Emission Sources
Operations with Compliance Program
Viscose Exemption (Repealed)
SUBPART N:
VEGETABLE OIL PROCESSING
Section
215.340
Hexane Extraction Soybean Crushing
5
Cold Cleaning
Open Top Vapor Degreasing
Conveyorized Degreasing
Compliance Plan
SUBPART F:
COATING OPERATIONS
215.182
215.183
215.184
215.185
Section
215.202
215.204
215.
205
215.206
215.207
215.208
215.209
215.210
215.211
215.212
215.213
215.214
124—353
6
215.342
215.344
215.345
215.346
215.347
Section
215.401
215.402
215.403
215. 404
215.405
215.406
215.407
215.408
215.409
215.410
SUBPART
Section
215.420
215.421
215.422
215.423
215.424
215.425
215
•
426
215.427
215
•
428
215.429
215.430
215.431
215.432
215.433
215.434
215.435
215.436
215.437
215.438
215.439
SUBPART R:
Section
215.441
215.442
215.443
215.444
Hexane Extraction Corn Oil Processing
Recordkeeping For Vegetable Oil Processes
Compliance Determination
Compliance Dates and Geographical Areas
Compliance Plan
SUBPART P:
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING
Flexographic and Rotogravure Printing
Exemptions
Applicability of Subpart K
Testing and Monitoring
(Repealed)
Compliance Dates and Geographical Areas
Alternative Compliance Plan
Compliance Plan
Heatset Web Offset Lithographic Printing
Testing Methods for Volatile Organic Material Content
Emissions Testing
Q:
LEAKS
FROM SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICAL
AND
POLYMER
MANUFACTURING EQUIPMENT
Applicability
General Requirements
Inspection Program Plan for Leaks
Inspection Program for Leaks
Repairing Leaks
Recordkeeping for Leaks
Report for
Leaks
Alternative Program for Leaks
Compliance Dates
Compliance Plan
General Requirements
Inspection Program Plan for Leaks
Inspection Program for Leaks
Repairing Leaks
Recordkeeping for Leaks
Report
for
Leaks
Alternative
Program
for
Leaks
Open-Ended Valves
Standards for Control Devices
Compliance Date
PETROLEUM REFINING
AND
RELATED INDUSTRIES; ASPHALT MATERIA:
Petroleum Refinery Waste Gas Disposal
Vacuum Producing Systems
Wastewater
(Oil/Water) Separator
Process Unit Turnarounds
124—354
7
215.445
Leaks:
General Requirements
215.446
Monitoring Program Plan for Leaks
215.447
Monitoring Program for Leaks
215.448
Recordkeeping for Leaks
215.449
Reporting for Leaks
215.450
Alternative Program for Leaks
215.451
Sealing Device Requirements
215.452
Compliance Schedule for Leaks
215.453
Compliance Dates and Geographical Areas
SUBPART
5:
RUBBER
AND
MISCELLANEOUS
PLASTIC
PRODUCTS
Section
215.461
Manufacture of Pneumatic Rubber Tires
215.462
Green Tire Spraying Operations
215.463
Alternative Emission Reduction Systems
215.464
Emission Testing
215.465
Compliance Dates and Geographical Areas
215.466
Compliance Plarr
215.467
Testing Methods for Volatile Organic Material Content
SUBPART T:
PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURING
Section
215.480
Applicability of Subpart T
215.481
Control of Reactors, Distillation Units, Crystallizers,
Centrifuges and Vacuum Dryers
215.482
Control
of
Air
Dryers,
Production
Equipment
Exhaust
Systems and Filters
215.483
Material Storage and Transfer
215.484
In-Process Tanks
215.485
Leaks
215.486
Other Emission Sources
215.487
Testing
215.488
Monitors for Air Pollution Control Equipment
215.489
Compliance Schedule
SUBPART U:
COKE MANUFACTURING AND
BY-PRODUCT RECOVERY
Section
215.500
Exceptions
215.510
Coke By-Product Recovery Plants
215.512
Coke By-Product Recovery Plant Leaks
215.513
Inspection Program
215.514
Recordkeeping Requirements
215.515
Reporting Requirements
215.516
Compliance Dates
215.517
Compliance Plan
SUBPART V:
AIR OXIDATION PROCESSES
Section
124—355
8
215.520
215.521
215.525
215.526
215. 527
Section
215.541
Section
215. 561
215.562
215.563
Section
215.581
215.
582
215.583
215.584
215.585
215.586
Applicability
Definitions
Emission Limitations for Air Oxidation Processes
Testing and Monitoring
Compliance Date
SUBPART
W:
AGRICULTURE
Pesticide Exception
SUBPART
X:
CONSTRUCTION
Architectural Coatings
Paving Operations
Cutback Asphalt
SUBPART Y:
GASOLINE DISTRIBUTIONS
Bulk Gasoline Plants
Bulk Gasoline Terminals
Gasoline Dispensing Facilities
Gasoline Delivery Vessels
Gasoline Volatility Standards
Emissions Testing
124—356
9
SUBPART Z:
DRY CLEANERS
Section
215.601
215.602
215.603
215. 604
215.605
2 15.606
215.607
215.608
215.609
215.610
215.611
215.612
215.613
215.614
215.615
Section
215.620
215.621
215.623
215. 624
215.625
215. 628
215.630
215.636
Section
215.875
215.877
215.879
215.881
215.883
215.886
Perchioroethylene Dry Cleaners
Exemptions
Leaks
Compliance Dates and Geographical Areas
Compliance Plan
Exception to Compliance Plan
Standards for Petroleum Solvent Dry Cleaners
Operating Practices for Petroleum Solvent Dry Cleaners
Program for Inspection and Repair of Leaks
Testing and Monitoring
Exemption for Petroleum Solvent Dry Cleaners
Compliance Dates and Geographical Areas
Compliance Plan
Testing Method for Volatile Organic Material Content of
Wastes
Emissions Testing
SUBPART AA:
PAINT AND INK MANUFACTURING
Applicability
Exemption for Waterbase Material and Heatset Offset Ink
Permit Conditions
Open-top Mills, Tanks, Vats or Vessels
Grinding Mills
Leaks
Clean Up
Compliance Dates
SUBPART BB:
POLYSTYRENE PLANTS
Applicability of Subpart BB
Emissions Limitation at Polystyrene Plants
Compliance Date
Compliance Plan
Special Requirements for Compliance Plan
Emissions Testing
124—35
7
10
SUBPART PP:
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED PRODUCT MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
Section
215.920
Applicability
215.923
Permit Conditions
215.926
Control Requirements
SUBPART
QQ:
MISCELLANEOUS FORMULATION MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
Section
215.940
Applicability
215.943
Permit Conditions
215.946
Control Requirements
SUBPART RR:
MISCELLANEOUS ORGANIC CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
Section
215.960
Applicability
215.963
Permit Conditions
215.966
Control Requirements
Appendix A
Rule Into Section Table
Appendix B
Section Into Rule Table
Appendix C
Past Compliance Dates
Appendix D
List
of
Chemicals
Defining
Synthetic
Organic
Chemical and Polymer Manufacturing
Appendix E
Reference Methods and Procedures
Appendix F
Coefficients for the Total Resource Effectiveness
Index
(TRE)
Equation
AUTHORITY:
Implementing Section 10 and authorized by Section 27
of the Environmental Protection Act (Ill. Rev. Stat.
1989, ch.
111
1/2, pars.
1010 and 1027).
SOURCE:
Adopted as Chapter 2:
Air Pollution, Rule 205:
Organic
Material Emission Standards and Limitations,
R7l—23,
4 PCB
191,
filed and effective April 14,
1972;
amended in R77—3,
33 PCB 357,
at
3 Ill. Reg.
18,
p.
41, effective May 3,
1979;
amended in R78-3
and R78—4,
35 PCB 75, at 3 Ill. Reg.
30, p.
124, effective July 28,
1979; amended in R80—5 at 7
Ill. Reg.
1244, effective January 21,
1983;
codified at
7
Ill.
Reg.
13601; Notice
of Corrections at
7
Ill. Reg. 14575; amended in R82—14 at 8 Ill. Reg. 13254,
effective
July 12, 1984; amended in R83—36 at 9 Ill. Reg. 9114, effective May
30,
1985; amended in R82—l4 at 9 Ill. Reg.
13960, effective August
28,
1985;
amended
in
R85—28
at. 11
Ill.
Reg.
3127,
effective
February 3, 1987; amended in R82—l4 at 11 Ill. Reg. 7296, effective
April
3,
1987;
amended
in
R85—2l(A)
at
11
Ill.
Reg.
11770,
effective June
29,
1987;
recodified
in R86—39
at
11
Ill.
Reg.
13541;
amended
in
R82—14
and
R86—•12
at
11
Ill.
Reg.
16706,
effective September 30, 1987; amended in R85-21(B) at 11 Ill. Reg.
19117,
effective November
9,
1987;
amended
in
R86—36,
R86—39,
124—358
11
R86—40 at 11 Ill. Reg. 20829, effective December 14,
1987; amended
in R82—14 and R86-37 at
12
Ill.
Reg.
815,
effective December 24,
1987;
amended in R86—l8 at
12
Ill.
Reg.
7311, effective April
8,
1988; amended in R86—lO at 12
Ill. Reg.
7650, effective April
11,
1988; amended in R88-23 at 13 Ill.
Reg.
10893, effective June 27,
1989; amended in R88-30(A) at 14 Ill. Reg. 3555, effective February
27, 1990; emergency amendments adopted in R88-30(A) at 14 Ill. Reg.
6421, effective April 11,
1990, for a maximum of 150 days; amended
in R88—19 at 14 Ill. Reg.
7596,
effective May 8, 1990;
amended in
R89—16(A) at 14 Ill. Reg.
9173, effective May 23, 1990; amended in
R88—30(B)
at
15
Ill.
Reg.
3309,
effective
February
13,
1991;
amended
in
R91-7
at
15
Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
SUBPART A:
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section 215.100
Introduction
a)
This
Part
contains
standards
and
limitations
for
emissions
of
organic material
from stationary
sources
located in areas other than the Chicago area counties of
Cook, DuPage, Kane, Lake, McHenry, and Will and the Metro
East area counties of Madison,
Monroe,
and
St.
Clair.
Standards and limitations applying in the Chicago area
are set
forth
in Part 218.
Standards and limitations
applying in the Metro East area are set forth
in Part
219.
1)
Notwithstanding any other provision of this Part,
the
provisions
of
this
Part
shall
not
apply
to
sources
located
in the Chicago
area counties
of
Cook,
DuPage,
Kane,
Lake, McHenry and Will unless
the
provisions
of
35
Ill.
Adm.
Code
Part
218
applicable to such sources are voided or otherwise
made ineffective pursuant to Section 218.100 of 35
Ill. Adm. Code Part 218.
2)
Notwithstanding any other provision of this Part,
the
provisions
of this
Part
shall
not apply
to
sources in the Metro East area counties of Madison,
Monroe and St. Clair unless the provisions of 35
Ill. Adm. Code Part 219 applicable to such sources
are voided or otherwise made ineffective pursuant
to Section 219.100 of 35 Ill.
Adin. Code Part 219.
b)
Sources
subject
to
this
Part may
be
subject
to
the
following:
1)
Permits required under 35 Ill. Adm. Code 201;
2)
Air quality standards under 35 Ill. Adm. Code 243.
124—3 59
12
C)
This Part is divided into Subparts which are grouped as
follows:
1)
Subpart A:
General provisions;
2)
Subparts
B
-
J:
Emissions
from
equipment
and
operations in common to more than one industry;
3)
Subparts K
—
N:
Emissions
from use
of organic
material;
4)
Subparts
N
-
end:
Special
rules
for
various
industry groups.
(Source:
Amended at 15 Ill. Reg.
___________,
effective
SUBPART Y:
GASOLINE DISTRIBUTION
Section 215.581
Bulk Gasoline Plants
a)
Subject to subsection
(e), no person may cause or allow
the transfer of gasoline from
a delivery vessel into
a
stationary storage tank located at a bulk gasoline plant
unless:
1)
The delivery vessel and the stationary storage tank
are each equipped with a vapor collection system
that meets the requirements of subsection
(d) (4);
2)
Each vapor collection system is operating;
3)
The delivery vessel displays the appropriate sticker
pursuant to the requirements of Section 215.584(b)
or
(d);
4)
The
pressure
relief
valve(s)
on
the
stationary
storage tank and the delivery vessel
are
set
to
release
at no less
than
0.7 psi
or
the highest
pressure allowed by state or local fire codes or the
guidelines
of
the
National
Fire
Prevention
Association; and
5)
The
stationary
storage
tank
is
equipped with
a
submerged loading pipe.
b)
Subject to subsection
(f), no person may cause or allow
the transfer of gasoline from a stationary storage tank
located at a bulk gasoline plant into a delivery vessel
unless:
1)
The requirements set forth
in subsections
(a) (1)
124—360
13
through
(a) (4) are met; and
2)
Equipment is available at the bulk gasoline plant
to provide for the submerged filling of the delivery
vessel or the delivery vessel is equipped for bottom
loading.
c)
Subject to subsection
(e),
each owner of
a
stationary
storage tank located at a bulk gasoline plant shall:
1)
Equip
each stationary storage tank with
a
vapor
control
system
that
meets
the
requirements
of
subsection
(a) or
(b), whichever is applicable;
2)
Provide
instructions to the operator of
the bulk
gasoline
plant
describing
necessary
maintenance
operations and procedures for prompt notification
of the owner in case of any malfunction of a vapor
control system; and
3)
Repair,
replace
or
modify
any
worn
out
or
malfunctioning component or element of design.
d)
Subject
to
subsection
(e),
each
operator
of
a
bulk
gasoline plant shall:
1)
Maintain and operate each vapor control system
in
accordance with the owner’s instructions;
2)
Promptly
notify
the
owner
of
any
scheduled
maintenance or malfunction requiring replacement or
repair
of
a
major component
of
a
vapor
control
system; and
3)
Maintain gauges, meters or other specified testing
devices in proper working order;
4)
Operate the bulk plant vapor collection system and
gasoline
loading
equipment
in
a
manner
that
prevents:
A)
Gauge pressure
from
exceeding
18
inches
of
water and vacuum from exceeding
6
inches of
water, as measured as close as possible to the
vapor hose connection; and
B)
A reading equal to or greater than 100 percent
of the lower explosive limit
(LEL measured as
propane)
when tested
in accordance with the
procedure
described
in
EPA
450/2-78-051
Appendix B; and
12 4—361
14
C)
Avoidable leaks
of liquid
during loading
or
unloading operations.
5)
Provide
a pressure tap or equivalent on the bulk
plant vapor collection system in order to allow the
determination of compliance with 215.581(d) (4) (A);
and
6)
Within 15 business days after discovery of the leak
by the owner,
operator,
or the Agency,
repair and
retest a vapor collection system which exceeds the
limits of subsection
(d) (4) (A) or
(B).
e)
The requirements of subsections
(a),
(c)
and
(d)
shall
not apply to:
1)
Any stationary storage tank with a capacity of less
than 575 gallons; or
2)
Any
bulk
gasoline
plant
whose
annual
gasoline
throughput is less than 350,000 gallons as averaged
over the preceding three calendar years.
f)
The requirements of subsection
(b)
shall only apply to
bulk gasoline plants:
1)
That have an annual gasoline throughput greater than
or equal to 1,000,000 gallons, as averaged over the
preceding three calendar years; and
2)
That
either
distribute
gasoline
to
gasoline
dispensing facilities subject to the requirements
of
Section
2l5.583(a)(2),
35
Ill.
Adm.
Code
218.583(b) (2) or 35111. Adm. Code 219.583(a) (2) or
that are located in the following counties:
Boone, Peoria, Rock Island, Tazewell, or Winnebago.
g)
Bulk
gasoline
plants
were
required
to
take
certain
actions to achieve compliance
which are summarized
in
Appendix C.
(Source:
Amended at 15 Ill. Reg.
_______________,
effective
______________________________
.)
TITLE 35:
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
SUBTITLE B:
AIR POLLUTION
CHAPTER I:
POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD
SUBCHAPTER c:
EMISSIONS STANDARDS AND LIMITATIONS FOR STATIONARY SOURCES
124—362
15
PART 218
ORGANIC MATERIAL EMISSION STANDARDS AND LIMITATIONS
FOR THE CHICAGO
AREA
SUBPART A:
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section
218.100
218.101
218.102
218.103
218.104
218.105
218.106
218.107
218. 108
218.109
218.110
218.ill
218.112
Introduction
Clean—up and Disposal Operations
Abbreviations and Conversion Factors
App?icability
Definitions
Test Methods and Procedures
Compliance Dates
Afterburners
Exemptions, Variations, and Alternative Means of
Control or Compliance Determinations
Vapor Pressure of Volatile Organic Liquids
Vapor Pressure of Organic Material or Solvents
Vapor Pressure of Volatile Organic Material
Incorporations by Reference
SUBPART B:
ORGANIC EMISSIONS FROM STORAGE
AND
LOADING OPERATIONS
Section
218.121
218.122
218.123
218.124
218.125
218
. 126
Storage Containers
Loading Operations
Petroleum Liquid Storage Tanks
External Floating Roofs
Compliance Dates
Compliance Plan
SUBPART C:
ORGANIC EMISSIONS FROM MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT
Section
218 . 141
218.142
218. 143
218.144
Section
218.181
218. 182
218.183
218.184
218.185
218.186
Separation Operations
Pumps and Compressors
Vapor Blowdown
Safety Relief Valves
SUBPART E:
SOLVENT CLEANING
Solvent Cleaning in General
Cold Cleaning
Open Top Vapor Degreasing
Conveyorized Degreasing
Compliance Schedule
Test Methods
124—363
16
SUBPART F:
COATING OPERATIONS
Section
218.204
218.205
218.206
218.207
218.208
218
•
209
218.210
218.211
Section
218.301
218.302
218.303
218.304
SUBPART
Section
218.42 1
218.422
218.423
218.424
218.
425
218.426
218.427
218.428
218.429
218.430
SUBPART R:
Section
218.441
218.442
218.443
Emission Limitations for Manufacturing Plants
Daily-Weighted Average Limitations
Solids Basis Calculation
Alternative Emission Limitations
Exemptions from Emission Limitations
Exemption from General Rule on Use of Organic Material
Compliance Schedule
Recordkeeping and Reporting
SUBPART G:
USE OF ORGANIC MATERIAL
Use of Organic Material
Alternative Standard
Fuel Combustion Emission Sources
Operations with Compliance Program
SUBPART H:
PRINTING
AND
PUBLISHING
Flexographic and Rotogravure Printing
Applicability
Compliance Schedule
Recordkeeping and Reporting
Heatset Web Offset Lithographic Printing
Q:
LEAKS FROM SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICAL AND POLYMER
MANUFACTURING EQUIPMENT
General Requirements
Inspection Program Plan for Leaks
Inspection Program for Leaks
Repairing Leaks
Recordkeeping
for
Leaks
Report for Leaks
Alternative Program for Leaks
Open-ended Valves
Standards for Control Devices
Compliance Date
PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES; ASPHALT MATERIALS
Petroleum Refinery Waste Gas Disposal
Vacuum Producing Systems
Wastewater
(Oil/Water) Separator
Section
218.401
218.402
218.403
218.404
218.405
124—364
17
218.444
218.445
218.446
218.447
218.448
218.449
218.450
218.451
218.452
218.453
Process Unit Turnarounds
Leaks:
General Requirements
Monitoring Program Plan for Leaks
Monitoring Program for Leaks
Recordkeeping for Leaks
Reporting for Leaks
Alternative Program for Leaks
Sealing Device Requirements
Compliance Schedule for Leaks
Compliance Dates
SUBPART S:
RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTIC PRODUCTS
Section
218.461
218.462
218.463
218.464
218.465
218.466
Manufacture of Pneumatic Rubber Tires
Green Tire Spraying Operations
Alternative Emission Reduction Systems
Emission Testing
Compliance Dates
Compliance Plan
SUBPART T:
PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURING
Section
218.480
Applicability of Subpart T
218.481
Control of Reactors, Distillation Units,
Crystallizers,
Centrifuges and Vacuum Dryers
218.482
Control of Air Dryers, Production Equipment Exhaust
Systems and Filters
Material Storage and Transfer
In—Process Tanks
Leaks
Equipment
218.489
Recordkeeping for Air Pollution Control Equipment
SUBPART V:
AIR OXIDATION PROCESSES
Definitions
Emission Limitations for Air Oxidation Processes
Testing and Monitoring
Compliance Date
SUBPART W:
AGRICULTURE
Section
218.541
Pesticide Exception
218.483
218.484
218.485
218.486
218.487
218.488
Other Emission Sources
Testing
Monitoring and Recordkeeping for Air Pollution Control
Section
218.521
218. 525
218.526
2 18.527
124—365
18
SUBPART X:
CONSTRUCTION
Section
218.561
218.562
218.563
Section
218.581
218.582
218.583
218.584
2 18.585
Section
218.601
218.602
218.603
218.604
218.605
218.606
218.607
218.608
2 18.609
218.610
218.611
218.612
218. 613
Section
218.620
218.621
218.623
218.624
218. 625
218.626
218.628
218.630
218.636
218.637
Section
218.875
Architectural Coatings
Paving Operations
Cutback Asphalt
SUBPART Y:
GASOLINE DISTRIBUTION
Bulk Gasoline Plants
Bulk Gasoline Terminals
Gasoline Dispensing Facilities
Gasoline Delivery Vessels
Gasoline Volatility Standards
SUBPART
Z:
DRY CLEANERS
Perchloroethylene Dry Cleaners
Exemptions
Leaks
Compliance Dates
Compliance Plan
Exception to Compliance Plan
Standards for Petroleum Solvent Dry Cleaners
Operating Practices for Petroleum Solvent Dry Cleaners
Program for Inspection and Repair of Leaks
Testing and Monitoring
Exemption for Petroleum Solvent Dry Cleaners
Compliance Dates
Compliance Plan
SUBPART AA:
PAINT
AND
INK MANUFACTURING
Applicability
Exemption for Waterbase Material and Heatset Offset Ink
Permit Conditions
Open-top Mills, Tanks, Vats or Vessels
Grinding Mills
Storage Tanks
Leaks
Clean Up
Compliance Schedule
Recordkeeping and Reporting
SUBPART BB:
POLYSTYRENE
PLANTS
Applicability of Subpart BB
124—366
19
218.877
Emissions Limitation at Polystyrene Plants
218.879
Compliance Date
218.881
Compliance Plan
218.883
Special Requirements for Compliance Plan
218.886
Emissions Testing
SUBPART PP:
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED PRODUCT MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
Section
218.920
Applicability
218.923
Permit Conditions
218.926
Control Requirements
218.927
Compliance Schedule
218.928
Testing
SUBPART QQ:
MISCELLANEOUS FORMULATION MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
Section
218.940
Applicability
218.943
Permit Conditions
218.946
Control Requirements
218.947
Compliance Schedule
218.948
Testing
SUBPART RR:
MISCELLANEOUS ORGANIC CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
Section
218.960
Applicability
218.963
Permit Conditions
218.966
Control Requirements
218.967
Compliance Schedule
218.968
Testing
SUBPART TT:
OTHER EMISSION SOURCES
Section
218.980
Applicability
218.983
Permit Conditions
218.986
Control Requirements
218.987
Compliance Schedule
218.988
Testing
SUBPART UU:
RECORDKEEPING AND REPORTING FOR
NON-CTG SOURCES
Section
218.990
Exempt Emission Sources
218.991
Subject Emission Sources
Appendix A:
List of Chemicals Defining Synthetic Organic
Chemical and Polymer Manufacturing
124—367
20
Appendix B:
VON Measurement Techniques for Capture Efficiency
Appendix C:
Reference Methods and Procedures
Appendix D:
Coefficients for the Total Resource Effectiveness
Index
(TRE) Equation
AUTHORITY:
Implementing Section 10 and authorized by Section
28.2 of the Environmental Protection Act
(Ill. Rev. Stat.
1989,
ch.
111 1/2, pars.
1010 and 1028.2)
SOURCE:
Adopted in R91—7 at 15 Ill.
Reg.
_____,
effective
_____
SUBPART A:
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section 218.100
Introduction
a)
This Part contains standards and limitations for
emissions of organic material from stationary sources
located in the Chicago area, which is comprised of
Cook, DuPage,
Kane,
Lake, McHenry and Will Counties.
b)
Sources subject to this Part may be subject to the
following:
1)
Permits required under 35 Ill.
Adin.
Code 201;
2)
Air quality standards under 35
Ill. Adm. Code 243;
c)
This Part is divided into Subparts which are grouped as
follows:
1)
Subpart A:
General Provisions
2)
Subparts B-F:
Emissions from equipment and
operations in common to more than one industry;
3)
Subpart G:
Emissions from use of organic
material;
4)
Subparts H—end:
Special rules for various
industry groups.
Section 218.101
Cleanup and Disposal Operation
Emission of organic material released during clean—up operations
and disposal shall be included with other emissions of organic
material from the related emission source or air pollution
control equipment in determining total emissions.
Section 218.102
Abbreviations and Conversion Factors
a)
The following abbreviations are used in this Part:
124—368
21
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials
bbl
barrels
(42 gallons)
C
degrees Celsius or centigrade
cm
centimeters
cu
lfl.
cubic inches
°F
degrees
Fahrenheit
FIP
Federal
Implementation
Plan
ft
feet
ft2
square feet
g
grams
gpm
gallons per minute
g/mole
grams per mole
gal
gallons
hr
hours
in
inches
°K
degrees Kelvin
kcal kilocalories
kg
kilograms
kg/hr
kilograms per hour
kPa
kilopascals; one thousand newtons per square
meter
1
liters
1/sec
liters per second
lbs
pounds
lbs/hr pounds per hour
lbs/gal pounds per gallon
LEL
lower explosive limit
m
meters
m2
square
meters
m3
cubic
meters
mg
milligrams
Mg
Megagrams, metric tons or tonnes
ml
milliliters
mm
minutes
MJ
megajoules
mm Hg
millimeters of mercury
ppm
parts per million
ppmv parts per million by volume
psi
pounds per square inch
psia pounds per square inch absolute
psig pounds per square inch gauge
scf
standard
cubic
feet
scm
standard cubic meters
sec
seconds
SIP
State Implementation Plan
TTE
temporary total enclosure
sq cm
square centimeters
sq in
square inches
T
English ton
ton
English ton
USEPA
United States Environmental Protection
124—3 69
22
Agency
VOC
volatile organic compounds
VOL
volatile organic liquids
VON
volatile organic materials
b)
The following conversion factors are used in this Part.
English
Metric
1 gal
3.785
1
1,000 gal 3,785
1 or 3.785 m3
1 psia
6.897 kPa (51.71
mm
Hg)
2.205 lbs
1 kg
1 bbl
159.0
1
1 cu in
16.39 ml
1 lb/gal
119,800 mg/i
1 ton
0.907 Mg
1 T
0.907 Mg
Section 218.103
Applicability
The provisions of this Part shall apply to all sources located in
Cook, DuPage,
Kane, Lake, McHenry or Will Counties.
a)
The provisions of this Part shall become effective on
July 1,
1991 with the following exceptions:
1)
The provisions of this Part shall become effective
on September 1,
1991 for each appellant,
including
the constituents represented by appellants who are
associations, who has appealed the federal
implementation plan
(FIP)
for the Chicago area
(Illinois Regulatory Group v. USEPA, No. 90-2778
(and consolidated cases)
(7th Cir.)).
2)
The effectiveness of any provision of this Part
applicable to any individual source or category of
sources which has appealed the Fl? shall be stayed
to the extend that such individual source or
category of sources received a stay of the
effectiveness of the Fl? from USEPA or from a
court.
When the court has taken final action or
when USEPA has published in the Federal Register
final action to revise or affirm the provisions of
the Fl? specifically applicable to such individual
source or category of sources or such stay is
terminated, the Board shall take corresponding
action,
if necessary, by the adoption of a
peremptory rule pursuant’ to 35 Ill. Adm. Code
102.347 and Section 5.03 of the Administrative
Procedure Act
(Ill. Rev.
Stat.
1989,
ch.
127, ch.
1005.03).
124—370
23
b)
The provisions of the Part shall not apply to Viskase
Corporation; Alisteel, Incorporated; Stepan Company; or
Ford Motor Company to the extent such source has
obtained an adjusted standard from the Board or an
exclusion from the General Assembly for any Subpart of
this Part or of Part 215.
Section 218.104
Definitions
The following terms are defined for the purpose of this Part.
“Accelacota” means a pharmaceutical coating operation
which consists of a horizontally rotating perforated
drum
in which tablets are placed,
a coating is applied
by spraying, and the coating is dried by the flow of
air across the drum through the perforations.
“Accumulator” means the reservoir of a condensing unit
receiving the condensate from a surface condenser.
“Acid gases” means for the purposes of Section 9.4 of
the Environmental Protection Act (the Act)
(Ill. Rev.
Stat.
1987,
ch.
111 1/2,
par. 1009.4), hydrogen
chloride, hydrogen fluoride and hydrogen bromide, which
exist as gases, liquid mist,
or any combination
thereof.
“Actual emissions” means the actual quantity of VON
emissions from an emission source during a particular
time period.
“Actual heat input” means the quantity of heat produced
by the combustion of fuel using the gross heating value
of the fuel.
“Adhesive” means any substance or mixture of substances
intended to serve as a joining compound.
“Afterburner” means a control device in which materials
in gaseous effluent are combusted.
“Air contaminant” means any solid, liquid, or gaseous
matter, any odor,
or any form of energy, that is
capable of being released into the atmosphere from an
emission source.
“Air dried coatings” means any coatings that dry by use
of air or forced air at temperatures up to 363.15 K
(194°F).
“Air pollution” means the presence in the atmosphere of
124—37
1
24
one or more air contaminants in sufficient quantities
and of such characteristics and duration as to be
injurious to human, plant,
or animal life,
to health,
or to property, or to unreasonably interfere with the
enjoyment of life or property.
“Air pollution control equipment” means any equipment
or facility of a type intended to eliminate, prevent,
reduce or control the emission of specified air
contaminants to the atmosphere.
“Air suspension coater/dryer” means a pharmaceutical
coating operation which consists of vertical chambers
in which tablets or particles are placed, and a coating
is applied and then dried while the tablets or
particles are kept in a fluidized state by the passage
of air upward through the chambers.
“Airless spray” means a spray coating method in which
the coating is atomized by forcing it through a small
opening at high pressure.
The coating liquid is not
mixed with air before exiting from the nozzle.
“Air—assisted airless spray” means a spray coating
method which combines compressed air with hydraulic
pressure to atomize the coating material into finer
droplets than is achieved with pure airless spray.
Lower hydraulic pressure is used than with airless
spray.
“Allowable emissions” means the quantity of VON
emissions during a particular time period from a
stationary source calculated using the maximum rated
capacity of the source (unless restricted by federally
enforceable limitations on operating rate,
hours of
operation, or both)
and the most stringent of:
the
applicable standards in 40 CFR Parts 60 and 61; the
applicable implementation plan; or a federally
enforceable permit.
“Ambient air quality standards” means those standards
designed to protect the public health and welfare
codified in 40 CFR Part 50
and promulgated from time
to time by the USEPA pursuant to authority contained in
Section 108 of the Clean Air Act,
42 U.S.C.
7401 et
seq., as amended from time to time.
“Applicator” means a device used in a coating line to
apply coating.
“As applied” means the exact formulation of a coating
during application on or impregnation into a substrate.
124—372
25
“Architectural coating” means any coating used for
residential or commercial buildings or their
appurtenances, or for industrial buildings, which is
site applied.
“Asphalt” means the dark-brown to black cementitious
material (solid, semisolid,
or liquid in consistency)
of which the main constituents are bitumens which occur
naturally or as a residue of petroleum refining.
“Asphalt Prime Coat” means a low-viscosity liquid
asphalt applied to an absorbent surface as the first of
more than one asphalt coat.
“Automobile” means a motor vehicle capable of carrying
no more than 12 passengers.
“Automobile or light-duty truck assembly plant” means a
facility where parts are assembled or finished for
eventual inclusion into a finished automobile or
light-duty truck ready for sale to vehicle dealers, but
not including customizers, body shops,
and other
repainters.
“Automobile or light-duty truck refinishing” means the
repainting of used automobiles and light-duty trucks.
“Baked coatings” means any coating which is cured or
dried in an oven where the oven air temperature exceeds
90°C(194°F).
“Batch loading” means the process of loading a number
of individual parts at the same time for degreasing.
“Bead-dipping” means the dipping of an assembled tire
bead into a solvent—based cement.
“Binders” means organic materials and resins which do
not contain VON.
“Bituminous coatings” means black or brownish coating
materials which are soluble in carbon disulfide, which
consist mainly of hydrocarbons, and which are obtained
from natural deposits or as residues from the
distillation of crude oils or of low grades of coal.
“British thermal unit” means the quantity of heat
required to raise one pound of water from 60°Fto 61°F
(abbreviated btu).
“Brush or wipe coating” means a manual method of
124—373
26
applying a coating using a brush, cloth, or similar
object.
“Bulk gasoline plant” means
a gasoline storage and
distribution facility with an average throughput of
76,000 1 (20,000 gal) or less on a 30—day rolling
average that distributes gasoline to gasoline
dispensing facilities.
“Bulk gasoline terminal” means any gasoline storage and
distribution facility that receives gasoline by
pipeline,
ship or barge,
and distributes gasoline to
bulk gasoline plants or gasoline dispensing facilities.
“Can” means any metal container, with or without a top,
cover, spout or handles,
into which solid or liquid
materials are packaged.
“Can coating” means any coating applied on a single
walled container that is manufactured from metal sheets
thinner than 29 gauge (0.0141 in.).
“Can coating facility” means a facility that includes
one or more can coating line(s).
“Can coating line” means a coating line in which any
protective, decorative, or functional coating is
applied onto the surface of cans or can components.
“Capture” means the containment or recovery of
emissions from a process for direction into a duct
which may be exhausted through a stack or vent to
a
control device.
The overall abatement of emissions
from a process with an add—on control device is a
function both of the capture efficiency and of the
control device.
“Capture device” means a hood, enclosed room floor
sweep or other means of collecting solvent or other
pollutants into a duct.
The pollutant can then be
directed to a pollution control device such as an
afterburner or carbon adsorber.
Sometimes the term is
used loosely to include the control device.
“Capture efficiency” means the fraction of all VON
generated by
a process that are directed to an
abatement or recovery device.
“Capture system” means all equipment (including, but
not limited to, hoods,
ducts,
fans,
ovens,
dryers,
etc.) used to contain, collect and transport an air
pollutant to a control device.
124—3 74
27
“Clean Air Act” means the Clean Air Act of 1963,
as
amended, including the Clean Air Act Amendments of
1977,
(42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.),
and the Clean Air Act
Amendments of 1990,
(P.A.
101549).
“Clear coating” means coatings that lack color and
opacity or are transparent using the undercoat as a
reflectant base or undertone color.
“Clear topcoat” means the final coating which contains
binders, but not opaque pigments, and is specifically
formulated to form a transparent or translucent solid
protective film.
“Closed purge system” means a system that is not open
to the atmosphere and that is composed of piping,
connections,
and,
if necessary,
flow inducing devices
that transport liquid or vapor from a piece or pieces
of equipment to a control device, or return the liquid
or vapor to the process line.
“Closed vent system” means a system that is not open to
the atmosphere and is composed of piping, connections,
and,
if necessary,
flow inducing devices that transport
gas or vapor from an emission source to a control
device.
“Coating” means a material applied onto or impregnated
into a substrate for protective, decorative,
or
functional purposes.
Such materials include, but are
not limited to, paints, varnishes,
sealers,
adhesives,
thinners, diluents, and inks.
“Coating applicator” means equipment used to apply a
coating.
“Coating line” means an operation consisting of a
series of one or more coating applicators and any
associated flash—off areas, drying areas, and ovens
wherein a surface coating is applied, dried,
or cured.
(It is not necessary for an operation to have an oven,
or flash—off area,
or drying area to be included in
this definition.)
“Coating plant” means any plant that contains one or
more coating line(s).
“Coil” means any flat metal sheet or strip that is
rolled or wound in concentric rings.
“Coil coating” means any coating applied on any flat
124—375
28
metal sheet or strip that comes in rolls or coils.
“Coil coating facility” means a facility that includes
one or more coil coating line(s).
“Coil coating line” means a coating line in which any
protective,
decorative or functional coating is applied
onto the surface of flat metal sheets,
strips, rolls,
or coils for industrial or commercial use.
“Cold cleaning” means the process of cleaning and
removing soils from surfaces by spraying, brushing,
flushing, or immersion while maintaining the organic
solvent below its boiling point.
Wipe cleaning is not
included in this definition.
“Complete combustion” means a process in which all
carbon contained in a fuel or gas stream is converted
to carbon dioxide.
“Component” means, with respect to synthetic organic
chemical and polymer manufacturing equipment, and
petroleum refining and related industries,
any piece of
equipment which has the potential to leak VOM
including, but not limited to, pump seals, compressor
seals,
seal oil degassing vents, pipeline valves,
pressure relief devices,process drains, and open ended
pipes.
This definition excludes valves which are not
externally regulated,
flanges, and equipment in heavy
liquid service.
For purposes of Subpart Q of this
Part, this definition also excludes bleed ports of gear
pumps in polymer service.
“Concrete curing compounds” means any coating applied
to freshly poured concrete to retard the evaporation of
water.
“Condensate” means volatile organic liquid separated
from its associated gases, which condenses due to
changes in the temperature or pressure and remains
liquid at standard conditions.
“Continuous process” means, with respect to polystyrene
resin,
a method of manufacture in which the styrene raw
material is delivered on a continuous basis to the
reactor in which the styrene is polymerized to
polystyrene.
“Control device” means equipment (such as an
afterburner or adsorber) used to remove or prevent the
emission of air pollutants from a contaminated exhaust
stream.
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29
“Control device efficiency” means the ratio of the
pollution prevented by a control device and the
pollution introduced to the control device, expressed
as a percentage.
“Conveyorized degreasing” means the continuous process
of cleaning and removing soils from surfaces utilizing
either cold or vaporized solvents.
“Crude oil” means a naturally occurring mixture which
consists of hydrocarbons and sulfur,
nitrogen, or
oxygen derivatives of hydrocarbons and which is a
liquid at standard conditions.
“Crude oil gathering” means the transportation of crude
oil or condensate after custody transfer between a
production facility and a reception point.
“Custody transfer” means the transfer of produced
petroleum and/or condensate after processing and/or
treating in the producing operations,
from storage
tanks or automatic transfer facilities to pipelines or
any other
forms
of transportation.
“Cutback asphalt” means any asphalt which has been
liquified by blending with petroleum solvents other
than residual fuel oil and has not been emulsified with
water.
“Daily—weighted average VON content” means the average
VOM content of two or more coatings as applied on a
coating line during any day, taking into account the
fraction of total coating volume that each coating
represents,
as ôalculated with the following equation:
VONW
=
VjCI/VT
where:
VOMW
=
The average VOM content of two or more
coatings as applied each day on a
coating line in units of kg VON/i
(lbs
VOM/gal) of coating (minus water and any
compounds which are specifically
exempted from the definition of VOM),
n
=
The number of different coatings as
applied each day on a coating line,
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30
V~
=
The volume of each coating (minus water
and any compounds which are specifically
exempted from the definition of VON) as
applied each day on a coating line in
units of 1
(gal).
C~
=
The VON content of each coating as
applied each day on a coating line in
units of kg VON/i
(lbs VON/gal) of
coating (minus water and any compounds
which are specifically exempted from the
definition of VON), and
V1
The total volume of all coatings
(minus
water and any compounds which are
specifically exempted from the
definition of VON)
as applied each day
on a coating line in units of
1
(gal).
“Day” means the consecutive 24 hours beginning at 12:00
AN
(midnight)
local time.
“Degreaser” means any equipment or system used in
solvent cleaning.
“Delivery vessel” means any tank truck or trailer
equipped with a storage tank that is used for the
transport of gasoline to a stationary storage tank at a
gasoline dispensing facility, bulk gasoline plant, or
bulk gasoline terminal.
“Dip coating” means a method of applying coatings in
which the part is submerged in a tank filled with the
coating.
“Distillate fuel oil” means fuel oils of grade No.
1 or
2 as specified in detailed requirements for fuel oil
ASTM D—369—69
(1971).
“Dry cleaning facility” means a facility engaged in the
cleaning of fabrics using an essentially nonaqueous
solvent by means of one or more solvent washes,
extraction of excess solvent by spinning and drying by
tumbling in an airstream.
The facility includes, but
is not limited to, washers, dryers,
filter and
purification systems, waste disposal systems, holding
tanks, pumps and attendant piping and valves.
“Effluent water separator” means any tank,
box, sump or
other apparatus in which any organic material floating
on or entrained or contained in water entering such
tank, box, sump or other apparatus is physically
124—378
31
separated and removed from such water prior to outfall,
drainage or recovery of such water.
“Electrostatic bell or disc spray” means an
electrostatic spray coating method in which a
rapidly-spinning bell- or disc-shaped applicator is
used to create a fine mist and apply the coating with
high transfer efficiency.
“Electrostatic spray” means a spray coating method in
which opposite electrical charges are applied to the
substrate and the coating.
The coating is attracted to
the object due to the electrostatic potential between
them.
“Emission rate” means total quantity of any air
contaminant discharge into the atmosphere in any
one—hour period.
“Emission source” and “source” mean any facility from
which VON is emitted or capable of being emitted into
the atmosphere.
“Enamel” means a coating that cures by chemical
cross-linking of its base resin.
Enamels can be
distinguished from lacquers because enamels are not
readily resoluble in their original solvent.
“Enclose” means to cover any VOL surface that is
exposed to the atmosphere.
“End sealing compound coat” means a compound applied to
can ends which functions as a gasket when the end
is
assembled onto the can.
“Excess air” means air supplied in addition to the
theoretical quantity necessary for complete combustion
of all fuel and/or combustible waste material.
“Excessive release” means a discharge of more than 295
g (0.65 lbs)
of mercaptans and/or hydrogen sulfide into
the atmosphere in any 5—minute period.
“Exterior base coat” means a coating applied to the
exterior of a can body, or flat sheet to provide
protection to the metal or to provide background for
any lithographic or printing operation.
“Exterior end coat” means a coating applied to the
exterior end of a can to provide protection to the
metal.
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32
“External—floating roof” means a cover over an open top
storage tank consisting of a double deck or pontoon
single deck which rests upon and is supported by the
volatile organic liquid being contained and is equipped
with a closure seal or seals to close the space between
the roof edge and tank shell.
“Extreme environmental conditions” means exposure to
any or all of the following: ambient weather
conditions; temperatures consistently above 95°C
(203°F); detergents; abrasive and scouring agents;
solvents; or corrosive atmospheres.
“Extreme performance coating” means any coating which
during intended use is exposed to extreme environmental
conditions.
“Fabric coating” means any coating applied on textile
fabric.
Fabric coating includes the application of
coatings by impregnation.
“Fabric coating facility” means a facility that
includes one or more fabric coating lines.
“Fabric coating line” means a coating line in which any
protective, decorative, or functional coating or
reinforcing material is applied on or impregnated into
a textile fabric.
“Federally enforceable” means all limitations and
conditions which are enforceable by the Administrator
including those requirements developed pursuant to 40
CFR Parts 60 and 61; requirements within any applicable
implementation plan;
and any permit requirements
established pursuant to 40 CFR 52.21 or under
regulations approved pursuant to 40 CFR Part 51 Subpart
I and 40 CFR 51.166.
“Final repair coat” means the repainting of any topcoat
which is damaged during vehicle assembly.
“Firebox” means the chamber or compartment of a boiler
or furnace in which materials are burned, but not the
combustion chamber or afterburner of an incinerator.
“Fixed-roof tank” means a cylindrical shell with a
permanently affixed roof.
“Flexographic printing” means the application of words,
designs, and pictures to a substrate ~bymeans of a roll
printing technique in which the pattern to be applied
is raised above the printing roll and the image carrier
124—380
33
is made of elastomeric materials.
“Flexographic printing line” means a printing line in
which each roll printer uses a roll with raised areas
for applying an image such as words,
designs, or
pictures to a substrate.
The image carrier on the roll
is made of rubber or other elastomeric material.
“Floating roof” means a roof on a stationary tank,
reservoir, or other container which moves vertically
upon change in volume of the stored material.
“Fountain solution” means the solution which is applied
to the image plate to maintain hydrophilic properties
of the non—image areas.
“Freeboard height” means for open top vapor degreasers,
the distance from the top of the vapor zone to the top
of the degreaser tank.
For cold cleaning degreasers,
the distance from the solvent to the top of the
degreaser tank.
“Fuel combustion emission source” means any furnace,
boiler, or similar equipment used for the primary
purpose of producing heat or power by indirect heat
transfer.
“Fuel gas system” means a system for collection of~
refinery fuel gas including, but not limited to, piping
for collecting tail gas from various process units,
mixing drums and controls, and distribution piping.
“Gas service” means that the component contains process
fluid that is in the gaseous state at operating
conditions.
“Gas/gas method” means either of two methods for
determining capture which rely only on gas phase
measurements.
The first method requires construction
of a temporary total enclosure (TTE)
to ensure that all
would—be fugitive emissions are measured.
The second
method uses the building or room which houses the
facility as an enclosure.
The second method requires
that all other VON sources within the room be shut down
while the test is performed, but all fans and blowers
within the room must be operated according to normal
procedures.
“Gasoline” means any petroleum distillate or petroleum
distillate/alcohol blend having a Reid vapor pressure
of 27.6 kPa or greater which is used as a fuel for
internal combustion engines.
124—381
34
“Gasoline dispensing facility” means any site where
gasoline is transferred from a stationary storage tank
to a motor vehicle gasoline tank used to provide fuel
to the engine of that motor vehicle.
“Green tire spraying” means the spraying of green
tires, both inside and outside, with release compounds
which help remove air from the tire during molding and
prevent the tire from sticking to the mold after
curing.
“Green tires” means assembled tires before molding and
curing have occurred.
“Gross vehicle weight” means the manufacturer’s gross
weight rating for the individual vehicle.
“Gross vehicle weight rating” means the value specified
by the manufacturer as the maximum design loaded weight
of a single vehicle.
“Heated airless spray” means an airless spray coating
method in which the coating is heated just prior to
application.
“Heatset” means a class of web—offset lithography which
requires a heated dryer to solidify the printing inks.
“Heatset-web-offset lithographic printing line” means a
lithographic printing line in which a blanket cylinder
is used to transfer ink from a plate cylinder to a
substrate continuously fed from a roll or an extension
process and an oven is used to solidify the printing
inks.
“Heavy liquid” means liquid with a true vapor pressure
of less than 0.3 kPa (0.04 psi) at 294.3°K(70°F)
established in a standard reference text or as
determined by ASTM method D2879-86 (incorporated by
reference in Section 218.112); or which has 0.1 Reid
Vapor Pressure as determined by ASTM method D323-82
(incorporated by reference in Section 218.112); or
which when distilled requires a temperature of 42l.95°K
(300°F)or greater to recover 10 percent of the liquid
as determined by ASTM method D86-82
(incorporated by
reference in Section 218.112).
“Heavy off-highway vehicle products” means,
for the
purpose of Subpart F of this Part, heavy construction,
mining,
farming, or material handling equipment; heavy
industrial engines; diesel—electric locomotives and
124—382
35
associated power generation equipment;
and the
components of such equipment or engines.
“Heavy off-highway vehicle products coating facility”
means a facility that includes one or more heavy
off—highway vehicle products coating line(s).
“Heavy off—highway vehicle products coating line” means
a coating line in which any protective, decorative,
or
functional coating is applied onto the surface of heavy
off-highway vehicle products.
“High temperature aluminum coating” means a coating
that is certified to withstand a temperature of 537.8°C
(1000°F)for 24 hours.
“Hood” means a partial enclosure or canopy for
capturing and exhausting, by means of a draft, the
organic vapors or other fumes rising from a coating
process or other source.
“Hood capture efficiency” means the emissions from a
process which are captured by the hood and directed
into a control device, expressed as a percentage of all
emissions.
“Hot well” means the reservoir of a condensing unit
receiving the condensate from a barometric condenser.
“Hour” means a block period of 60 minutes
(e.g.,
1:00am
to 2:00am).
“In—process tank” means a container used for mixing,
blending, heating, reacting, holding, crystallizing,
evaporating or cleaning operations in the manufacture
of pharmaceuticals.
“In—situ sampling systems” means nonextractive samplers
or in—line samplers.
“In vacuum service” means,
for the purpose of Subpart Q
of this Part,
equipment which is operating at an
internal pressure that is at least 5 kPa
(0.73 psia)
below ambient pressure.
“Incinerator” means a combustion apparatus in which
refuse is burned.
“Indirect heat transfer” means transfer of heat in such
a way that the source of heat does not come into direct
contact with process materials.
124—383
36
“Ink” means a coating used in printing, impressing,
or
transferring an image onto a substrate.
“Interior body spray coat” means a coating applied by
spray to the interior of a can body.
“Internal—floating roof” means a cover or roof in a
fixed-roof tank which rests upon and is supported by
the volatile organic liquid being contained and is
equipped with a closure seal or seals to close the
space between the roof edge and tank shell.
“Lacquers” means any clear wood finishes formulated
with nitrocellulose or synthetic resins to dry by
evaporation without chemical reaction,
including clear
lacquer sanding sealers.
“Large appliance” means any residential and commercial
washers, dryers,
ranges, refrigerators, freezers, water
heaters, dishwashers, trash compactors,
air
conditioners, and other similar products.
“Large appliance coating” means any coating applied to
the component metal parts
(including, but not limited
to, doors, cases,
lids, panels, and interior support
parts)
of residential and commercial washers, dryers,
ranges, refrigerators, freezers, water heaters,
dishwashers, trash compactors,
air conditioners, and
other similar products.
“Large appliance coating facility” means a facility
that includes one or more large appliance coating
line(s).
“Large appliance coating line” means a coating line in
which any protective, decorative, or functional coating
is applied onto the surface of large appliances.
“Light liquid” means VON in the liquid state which is
not defined as heavy liquid.
“Light—duty truck” means any motor vehicle rated at
3,850 kg gross vehicle weight or less, designed mainly
to transport property.
“Liquid/gas method” means either of two methods for
determining capture which require both gas phase and
liquid phase measurements and analysis.
The first
method requires construction of a TTE.
The second
method uses the building or room which houses the
facility as an enclosure.
The second method requires
that all other VON sources within the room be shut down
124—384
37
while the test is performed, but all fans and blowers
within the room must be operated according to normal
procedures.
“Liquid-mounted seal” means a primary seal mounted in
continuous contact with the liquid between the tank
wall and the floating roof edge around the
circumference of the roof.
“Liquid service” means that the equipment or component
contains process fluid that is in a liquid state at
operating conditions.
“Liquids dripping” means any visible leaking from a
seal including spraying, misting, clouding and ice
formation.
“Lithographic printing line” means a printing line,
except that the substrate is not necessarily fed from
an unwinding roll,
in which each roll printer uses a
roll where both the image and non—image areas are
essentially in the same plane (planographic).
“Low solvent coating” means a coating which contains
less organic solvent than the conventional coatings
used by the industry.
Low solvent coatings include
water-borne, higher solids, electro-deposition and
powder coatings.
“Magnet wire” means aluminum or copper wire formed into
an electromagnetic coil.
“Magnet wire coating” means any coating or electrically
insulating varnish or enamel applied to magnet wire.
“Magnet wire coating facility” means a facility that
includes one or more magnet wire coating line(s).
“Magnet wire coating line” means a coating line in
which any protective, decorative, or functional coating.
is applied onto the surface of a magnet wire.
“Malfunction” means any sudden and unavoidable failure
of air pollution control equipment, process equipment,
or a process to operate in a normal or usual manner.
Failures that are caused entirely or in part by poor
maintenance, careless operation, or any other
preventable upset condition or preventable equipment
breakdown shall not be considered malfunctions.
“Manufacturing process” means a method whereby a
process emission source or series of process emission
124—385
38
sources is used to convert raw materials,
feed stocks,
subassemblies, or other components into a product,
either for sale or for use as a component in a
subsequent manufacturing process.
“Material recovery section” means any equipment
designed to transport and recover styrene monomer and
other impurities from other products and by-products in
a polystyrene plant,
including but not limited to the
styrene devolatilizer unit and styrene recovery unit.
“Maximum theoretical emissions” means the quantity of
volatile organic material emissions that theoretically
could be emitted by a stationary source before add—on
controls based on the design capacity or maximum
production capacity of the source and 8760 hours per
year.
The design capacity or maximum production
capacity includes use of coating(s)
or ink(s) with the
highest volatile organic material content actually used
in practice by the source.
Provided, however, the
Agency shall, when appropriate, and upon request by the
permit applicant,
limit the “maximum theoretical
emissions” of a source by the imposition of conditions
in a federally enforceable operating permit for such
source.
Such conditions shall not be inconsistent with
requirement of the Clean Air Act, as amended, or any
applicable requirements established by the Board.
Such
conditions shall be established in place of design
capacity of maximum production capacity in calculating
the “maximum theoretical emissions” for such source and
may include, among other things, the establishment of
production limitations, capacity limitations, emission
limitations, or limitations on the volatile organic
material content of coatings or inks, or the hours of
operation of any emission source, or a combination of
any such limitations.
Production or capacity
limitations shall be established on basis of no longer
than one month except in those cases where a limit
spanning a longer period of time is appropriate.
In
such cases,
a “rolling limit” shall be employed.
Any
production or capacity limitations shall be verified
through appropriate recordkeeping.
(Board Note:
The USEPA may deem operating permits
which do not conform to the operating permit program
requirements and the requirements of USEPA’s underlying
regulations, including the requirement that limitations
be quantifiable and enforceable as a practical matter,
not “federally enforceable.”)
“Metal furniture” means a furniture piece including,
but not limited to,
tables, chairs, waste baskets,
124—386
39
beds,
desks, lockers, benches, shelving,
file cabinets,
lamps, and room dividers.
“Metal furniture coating” means any non-adhesive
coating applied to any furniture piece made of metal or
any metal part which is or will be assembled with other
metal,
wood,
fabric, plastic or glass parts to form a
furniture piece including, but not limited to, tables,
chairs,
waste baskets, beds, desks,
lockers, benches,
shelving,
file cabinets,
lamps, and room dividers.
This definition shall not apply to any coating line
coating miscellaneous metal parts or products.
“Metal furniture coating facility” means a facility
that includes one or more metal furniture coating
line(s).
“Metal furniture coating line” means a coating line in
which any protective, decorative,
or functional coating
is applied onto the surface of metal furniture.
“Metallic shoe—type seal” means a primary or secondary
seal constructed of metal sheets (shoes) which are
joined together to form a ring, springs, or levers
which attach the shoes to the floating roof and hold
the shoes against the tank wall, and a coated fabric
which is suspended from the shoes to the floating roof.
“Miscellaneous fabricated product manufacturing
process” means:
A manufacturing process involving one or more of
the following applications, including any drying
and curing of formulations, and capable of
emitting VOM:
Adhesives to fabricate or assemble components
or products
Asphalt solutions to paper or fiberboard
Asphalt to paper or felt
Coatings or dye to leather
Coatings to plastic
Coatings to rubber or glass
Disinfectant material to manufactured items
Plastic foam scrap or “fluff” from the
124—38 7
40
manufacture of foam containers and packaging
material to form resin pallets
Resin solutions to fiber substances
Viscose solutions for food casings
The storage and handling of formulations
associated with the process described above, and
the use and handling of organic liquids and other
substances for clean—up operations associated with
the process described in this definition.
“Miscellaneous formulation manufacturing process”
means:
A manufacturing process which compounds one or
more of the following and is capable of emitting
VOM:
Adhesives
Asphalt solutions
Caulks, sealants, or waterproofing agents
Coatings, other than paint and ink
Concrete curing compounds
Dyes
Friction materials and compounds
Resin solutions
Rubber solutions
Viscose solutions
The storage and handling of formulations
associated with the process described above, and
the use and handling of organic liquids and other
substances for clean—up operations associated with
the process described in this definition.
“Miscellaneous metal parts or products” means any metal
part or metal product, even if attached to or combined
with a nonmetal part or product, except cans, coils,
metal furniture, large appliances, magnet wire,
automobiles,
ships, and airplane bodies.
124—388
41
“Miscellaneous metal parts and products coating” means
any coating applied to any metal part or metal product,
even if attached to or combined with a nonmetal part or
product, except cans, coils, metal furniture, large
appliances, and magnet wire.
Prime coat,
prime
surfacer coat, topcoat, and final repair coat for
automobiles and light—duty trucks are not miscellaneous
metal parts and products coatings.
However, underbody
anti-chip (e.g., underbody plastisol)
automobile, and
light—duty truck coatings are miscellaneous metal parts
and products coatings.
Also, automobile or light-duty
truck refinishing coatings, coatings applied to the
exterior of marine vessels, coatings applied to the
exterior of airplanes, and the customized topcoating of
automobiles and trucks if production is less than 35
vehicles per day are not miscellaneous metal parts and
products coatings.
“Miscellaneous metal parts or products coating
facility” means a facility that includes one or more
miscellaneous metal parts or products coating lines.
“Miscellaneous metal parts or products coating line”
means a coating line in which any protective,
decorative, or functional coating is applied onto the
surface of miscellaneous metal parts or products.
“Miscellaneous organic chemical manufacturing process”
means:
A manufacturing process which produces by chemical
reaction, one or more of the following organic
compounds or mixtures of organic compounds and
which is capable of emitting VON:
Chemicals listed in Appendix A of this Part
Chlorinated and sulfonated compounds
Cosmetic, detergent,
soap, or surfactant
intermediaries or specialties and products
Disinfectants
Food additives
Oil and petroleum product additives
Plasticizers
Resins or polymers
124—389
42
Rubber additives
Sweeteners
Varnishes
The storage and handling of formulations
associated with the process described above and
the use and handling of organic liquids and other
substances for clean—up operations associated with
the process described in this definition.
“Monitor” means to measure and record.
“Multiple package coating” means a coating made from
more than one different ingredient which must be mixed
prior to using and has a limited pot life due to the
chemical reaction which occurs upon mixing.
“No detectable volatile organic material emissions”
means a discharge of volatile organic material into the
atmosphere as indicated by an instrument reading of
less than 500 ppm above background as determined in
accordance with 40 CFR 60.485(c).
“Offset” means, with respect to printing and publishing
operations,
use of a blanket cylinder to transfer ink
from the plate cylinder to the surface to be printed.
“Opaque stains” means all stains that are not
semi—transparent stains.
“Open top vapor degreasing” means the batch process of
cleaning and removing soils from surfaces by condensing
hot solvent vapor on the colder metal parts.
“Open—ended valve” means any valve,
except pressure
relief devices, having one side of the valve in contact
with process fluid and one side open to the atmosphere,
either directly or through open piping.
“Operator of gasoline dispensing facility” means any
person who is the lessee of or operates, controls or
supervises a gasoline dispensing facility.
“Organic compound” means any compound of carbon,
excluding carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic
acid, metallic carbides or carbonates, and ammonium
carbonate.
“Organic material” means any chemical compound of
carbon including diluents and thinners which are
124—390
43
liquids at standard conditions and which are used as
dissolvers, viscosity reducers,
or cleaning agents, but
excluding methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide,
carbonic acid, metallic carbonic acid, metallic
carbide, metallic carbonates, and ammonium carbonate.
“Organic vapor” means the gaseous phase of an organic
material or a mixture of organic materials present in
the atmosphere.
“Oven” means a chamber within which heat is used for
one or more of the following purposes:
dry, bake,
cure, or polymerize a coating or ink.
“Overall control” means the product of the capture
efficiency and the control device efficiency.
“Overvarnish” means a transparent coating applied
directly over ink or coating.
“Owner of gasoline dispensing facility” means any
person who has legal or equitable title to a stationary
storage tank at a gasoline dispensing facility.
“Owner or operator” means any person who owns,
operates, leases,
controls, or supervises an emission
source or air pollution control equipment.
“Packaging rotogravure printing” means rotogravure
printing upon paper, paper board, metal
foil,
plastic
film,
and other substrates, which are,
in subsequent
operations,
formed into packaging products or labels
for articles to be sold.
“Packaging rotogravure printing line” means a
rotogravure printing line in which surface coatings are
applied to paper, paperboard,
foil, film,
or other
substrates which are to be used to produce containers,
packaging products, or labels for articles.
“Paint manufacturing plant” means a plant that mixes,
blends, or compounds enamels,
lacquers, sealers,
shellacs,
stains, varnishes, or pigmented surface
coatings.
“Paper coating” means any coating applied on paper,
plastic film,
or metallic foil to make certain
products, including (but not limited to) adhesive tapes
and labels, book covers, post cards, office copier
paper, drafting paper, or pressure sensitive tapes.
Paper coating includes the application of coatings by
impregnation and/or saturation.
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44
“Paper coating facility” means a facility that includes
one or more paper coating lines.
“Paper coating line” means a coating line in which any
protective,
decorative, or functional coating is
applied on, saturated into,
or impregnated into paper,
plastic film,
or metallic foil to make certain
products, including (but not limited to) adhesive tapes
and labels, book covers, post cards,
office copier
paper, drafting paper,
and pressure sensitive tapes.
“Parts per
million
(volume)”
means
a
volume/volume
ratio which expresses the volumetric concentration of
gaseous air contaminant in a million unit volume of
gas.
“Person” means any individual, corporation,
partnership, association, State, municipality,
political subdivision of a State; any agency,
department,
or instrumentality of the United States;
and any officer, agent, or employee thereof.
“Petroleum” means the crude oil removed from the earth
and the oils derived from tar sands,
shale, and coal.
“Petroleum liquid” means crude oil, condensate or any
finished or intermediate product manufactured at a
petroleum refinery, but not including Number
2 through
Number
6 fuel oils as specified in ASTM D-396-69, gas
turbine fuel oils Numbers 2-GT through 4-GT as
specified in ASTM D-2880-7l or diesel fuel oils Numbers
2-D and 4-D,
as specified in ASTN D—975-68.
“Petroleum refinery” means any facility engaged in
producing gasoline, kerosene, distillate fuel oils,
residual fuel oils, lubricants, or other products
through distillation of petroleum,
or through
redistillation, cracking, or reforming of unfinished
petroleum derivatives.
“Pharmaceutical” means any compound or mixture, other
than food, used in the prevention, diagnosis,
alleviation, treatment, or cure of disease in human and
animal.
“Pharmaceutical coating operation” means a device in
which a coating is applied to a pharmaceutical,
including air drying or curing of the coating.
“Photochemically reactive material” means any organic
material with an aggregate of more than 20 percent of
124—392
45
its total volume composed of the chemical compounds
classified below or the composition of which exceeds
any of the following individual percentage composition
limitations.
Whenever any photochemically reactive
material or any constituent of any organic material may
be classified from its chemical structure into more
than one of the above groups of organic materials it
shall be considered as a member of the most reactive
group, that is, the group having the least allowable
percent of the total organic materials.
A combination of hydrocarbons, alcohols,
aldehydes,
esters, ethers or ketones having an
olefinic or cyclo—olefinic types of unsaturation:
5 percent.
This definition does not apply to
perchloroethylene or trichloroethylene.
A combination of aromatic compounds with eight or
more carbon atoms to the molecule except
ethylbenzene:
8 percent.
A combination of ethylbenzene, ketones having
branched hydrocarbon structures or toluene:
20
percent.
“Pigmented coatings” means opaque coatings containing
binders and colored pigments which are formulated to
conceal the wood surface either as an undercoat or
topcoat.
“Plant” means all of the pollutant-emitting activities
which belong to the same industrial grouping, are
located on one or more contiguous or adjacent
properties,
and’ are under the control of the same
person
(or persons under common control), except the
activities of any marine vessel.
Pollutant—emitting
activities shall be considered as part of the same
industrial grouping if they belong to the same “Major
Group”
(i.e., which have the same two—digit code)
as
described in the “Standard Industrial Classification
Manual,
1987”
(incorporated by reference in Section
218.112).
“Plasticizers” means a substance added to a polymer
composition to soften and add flexibility to the
product.
“Pneumatic rubber tire manufacture” means the
production of pneumatic rubber tires with a bead
diameter up to but not including 20.0 inches and cross
section dimension up to 12.8 inches, but not including
specialty tires for antique or other vehicles when
124—393
46
produced on equipment separate from normal production
lines for passenger or truck type tires.
“Polystyrene plant” means any plant using styrene to
manufacture polystyrene resin.
“Polystyrene resin” means substance consisting of
styrene polymer and additives which is manufactured at
a polystyrene plant.
“Pressure release” means the emission of materials
resulting from system pressure being greater than set
pressure of the pressure relief device.
“Pressure tank” means a tank in which fluids are stored
at a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure.
“Prime coat” means the first of two or more coatings
applied to a surface.
“Prime surfacer coat” means a coating used to touch up
areas on the surface of automobile or light—duty truck
bodies not adequately covered by the prime coat before
application of the top coat.
The prime surfacer coat
is applied between the prime coat and topcoat.
An
anti-chip coating applied to main body parts
(e.g.,
rocker panels, bottom of doors and fenders, and leading
edge of roof)
is a prime surfacer coat.
“Primers” means any coatings formulated and applied to
substrates to provide a
firm
bond between the substrate
and subsequent coats.
“Printing” means the application of words, designs, and
pictures to a substrate using ink.
“Printing line” means an operation consisting of a
series of one or more roll printers and any associated
roll coaters, drying areas, and ovens wherein one or
more coatings are applied, dried,
and/or cured.
“Process” means any stationary emission source other
than a fuel combustion emission source or an
incinerator.
“Process unit” means components assembled to produce,
as intermediate or final products, one or more of the
chemicals listed in 35 Ill.
Adm.
Code 218 Appendix A.
A process unit can operate independently if supplied
with sufficient feed or raw materials and sufficient
storage facilities for the product.
124—394
47
“Process unit shutdown” means a work practice or
operational procedure that stops production from a
process unit or part of a process unit.
An unscheduled
work practice or operational procedure that stops
production from a process unit or part of a process
unit for less than 24 hours is not a process unit
shutdown.
The use of spare components and technically’
feasible bypassing of components without stopping
production is not a process unit shutdown.
“Production equipment exhaust system” means a system
for collecting and directing into the atmosphere
emissions of volatile organic material from reactors,
centrifuges,
and other process emission sources.
“Publication rotogravure printing line” means a
rotogravure printing line in which coatings are applied
to paper which is subsequently formed into books,
magazines,
catalogues, brochures,
directories,
newspaper supplements, or other types of printed
material.
“Purged process fluid” means liquid or vapor from a
process unit that contains volatile organic material
and that results from flushing or cleaning the sample
line(s)
of a process unit so that an uncontaminated
sample may then be taken for testing or analysis.
“Reactor” means a vat, vessel,
or other device in which
chemical reactions take place.
“Reasonably Available Control Technology (RACT)” means
the lowest emission limitation that an emission source
is capable of meeting by the application of control
technology that is reasonably available considering
technological and economic feasibility.
“Refiner” means any person who owns, leases, operates,
controls, or supervises a refinery.
“Refinery fuel gas” means any gas which is generated by
a petroleum refinery process unit and which is
combusted at the refinery, including any gaseous
mixture of natural gas and fuel gas.
“Refinery unit, process unit or unit” means a set of
components which are a part of a basic process
operation such as distillation, hydrotreating,
cracking, or reforming of hydrocarbons.
“Refrigerated condenser” means a’surface condenser in
which the coolant supplied to the condenser has been
124—395
48
cooled by
a mechanical device, other than by a cooling
tower or evaporative spray cooling, such as
refrigeration unit or steam chiller unit.
“Reid vapor pressure” means the standardized measure of
the vapor pressure of a liquid in pounds per square
inch absolute (psia)
at 100°F(37.8°C).
“Repair coatings” means coatings used to correct
imperfections or damage to furniture surface.
“Repaired” means,
for the purpose of Subpart Q of this
Part, that equipment component has been adjusted, or
otherwise altered, to eliminate a leak.
“Residual fuel oil” means fuel oils of grade No.
4, 5
and
6 as specified in detailed requirements for fuel
oils A.S.T.M.
D—396—69
(1971).
“Retail outlet” means any gasoline dispensing facility
at which gasoline is sold or offered for sale for use
in motor vehicles.
“Roll coater” means an apparatus in which a uniform
layer of coating is applied by means of one or more
rolls across the entire width of a moving substrate
“Roll printer” means an apparatus used
in
the
application of words, designs, or pictures to a
substrate, usually by means of one or more rolls each
with only partial coverage.
“Roll printing” means the application of words,
designs, and pictures to a substrate usually by means
of a series of hard rubber or metal rolls each with
only partial coverage.
“Roller coating” means a method of applying a coating
to a sheet or strip
in which the coating is transferred
by a roller or series of rollers.
“Rolling limit” means that a limit or limitation must
not exceed an annual limit rolled on a monthly basis;
that is, a monthly production or capacity level must be
determined for each parameter subject to a production
or capacity limitation and added to the eleven prior
monthly levels for monthly comparison with the annual
limit.
“Rotogravure printing” means the application of words,
designs, and pictures to a substrate by means of a roll
printing technique in which the pattern to be applied
124—396
49
is recessed relative to the non—image area.
“Rotogravure printing line” means a printing line in
which each roll printer uses a roll with recessed areas
for applying an image to a substrate.
“Safety relief valve” means a valve which is normally
closed and which is designed to open in order to
relieve excessive pressures within a vessel or pipe.
“Sanding sealers” means any coatings formulated for and
applied to bare wood for sanding and to seal the wood
for subsequent application of varnish.
To be
considered a sanding sealer a coating must be clearly
labelled as such.
“Sealer” means a coating containing binders which seals
wood prior to the application of the subsequent
coatings.
“Sensor” means a device that measures a physical
quantity or the change in a physical quantity such as
temperature, pressure, flow rate.,
pH, or liquid level.
“Semi—transparent stains” means stains containing dyes
or semi- transparent pigments which are formulated to
enhance wood grain and change the color of the surface
but not to conceal the surface, including, but not
limited to, sap stain, toner, non—grain raising stains,
pad stain,
or spatter stain.
“Set of safety relief valves” means one or more safety
relief valves designed to open in order to relieve
excessive pressures in the same vessel or pipe.
“Sheet basecoat” means a coating applied to metal when
the metal is in sheet form to serve as either the
exterior or interior of a can for either two-piece or
three—piece cans.
“Side—seam spray coat” means a coating applied to the
seam of a three—piece can.
“Single coat” means one coating application applied to
a metal surface.
“Solvent” means a liquid substance that is used to
dissolve or dilute another substance.
“Solvent cleaning” means the process of cleaning soils
from surfaces by cold cleaning, open top vapor
degreasing,
or conveyorized degreasing.
124—397
50
“Specified air contaminant” means any air contaminant
as to which this Part contains emission standards or
other specific limitations.
“Splash loading” means a method of loading a tank,
railroad tank car, tank truck, or trailer by use of
other than a submerged loading pipe.
“Stack” means a flue or conduit, free—standing or with
exhaust port above the roof of the building on which it
is mounted, by which air contaminants are emitted into
the atmosphere.
“Standard conditions” means a temperature of 70°Fand a
pressure of 14.7 psia.
“Standard cubic foot (scf)” means the volume of one
cubic foot of gas at standard conditions.
“Standard Industrial Classification Manual” means the
Standard Industrial Classification Manual
(1987),
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
Office, Washington,
DC 20402
(incorporated by reference
in Section 218.112).
“Start—up” means the setting in operation of an
emission source for any purpose.
“Stationary emission source” and “Stationary source”
mean an emission source which is not self—propelled.
“Storage tank or storage vessel” means any stationary
tank, reservoir or container used for the storage of
VOL.
“Styrene devolatilizer unit” means equipment performing
the function of separating unreacted styrene monomer
and other volatile components from polystyrene in a
vacuum devolatilizer.
“Styrene recovery unit” means equipment performing the
function of separating styrene monomer from other less
volatile components of the styrene devolatilizer unit’s
output.
The separated styrene monomer may be reused as
a raw material in the polystyrene plant.
“Submerged loading pipe” means any discharge pipe or
nozzle which meets either of the following conditions:
Where the tank is filled from the top, the end of
the discharge pipe or nozzle must be totally
124—398
51
submerged when the liquid level
is
15 cm
(6
in.)
above the bottom of the tank.
Where the tank is filled from the side, the
discharge pipe or nozzle must be totally submerged
when the liquid level
is 46 cm
(18 in.) above the
bottom of the tank.
“Substrate” means the surface onto which a coating is
applied or into which a coating is impregnated.
“Surface condenser” means a device which removes a
substance from a gas stream by reducing the temperature
of the stream, without direct contact between the
coolant and the stream.
“Synthetic organic chemical or polymer manufacturing
plant” means
a plant that produces,
as intermediates or
final products, one or more of the chemicals or
polymers listed in 35 Ill.
Adm. Code 218 Appendix A.
“Tablet coating operation” means a pharmaceutical
coating operation in which tablets are coated.
“Thirty—day rolling average” means any value
arithmetically averaged over any consecutive
thirty-days.
“Three—piece can” means a can which is made from a
rectangular sheet and two circular ends.
“Topcoat” means a coating applied in a multiple coat
operation other than prime coat,
final repair coat,
or
prime surfacer coat.
“Topcoat operation” means all topcoat spray booths,
flash—off areas,
and bake ovens at a facility which are
used to apply,
dry, or cure the final coatings (except
final off-line repair) on components of automobile or
light-duty truck bodies.
“Transfer efficiency” means the ratio of the amount of
coating solids deposited onto a part or product to the
total amount of coating solids used.
“Tread end cementing” means the application of a
solvent—based cement to the tire tread ends.
“True vapor pressure”
means
the
equilibrium
partial
pressure exerted by a volatile organic liquid as
determined in accordance with methods described in
American Petroleum Institute Bulletin 2517,
124—399
52
“Evaporation Loss From Floating Roof Tanks,” second
edition, February 1980 (incorporated by reference in
Section 218.112).
“Turnaround” means the procedure of shutting down an
operating refinery unit, emptying gaseous and liquid
contents to do inspection, maintenance and repair work,
and putting the unit back into production.
“Two-piece can” means a can which is drawn from a
shallow cup and requires only one end to be attached.
“Undercoaters” means any coatings formulated for and
applied to substrates to provide a smooth surface for
subsequent coats.
“Undertread cementing” means the application of a
solvent—based cement to the underside of a tire tread.
“Unregulated safety relief valve” means a safety relief
valve which cannot be actuated by a means other than
high pressure in the pipe or vessel which it protects.
“Vacuum producing system” means any reciprocating,
rotary, or centrifugal blower or compressor or any jet
ejector or device that creates suction from a pressure
below atmospheric and discharges against a greater
pressure.
“Valves not externally regulated” means valves that
have no external controls, such as in—line check
valves.
“Vapor balance system” means any combination of pipes
or hoses which creates a closed system between the
vapor spaces of an unloading tank and a receiving tank
such that vapors displaced from the receiving tank are
transferred to the tank being unloaded.
“Vapor collection system” means all piping,
seals,
hoses,
connections, pressure—vacuum vents,
and other
possible sources between the gasoline delivery vessel
and the vapor processing unit and/or the storage tanks
and vapor holder.
“Vapor control system” means any system that limits or
prevents release to the atmosphere of organic material
in the vapors displaced from a tank during the transfer
of gasoline.
“Vapor—mounted primary seal” means a primary seal
mounted with an air space bounded by the bottom of the
124—400
53
primary seal, the tank wall, the liquid surface and the
floating roof.
“Vapor recovery system” means a vapor gathering system
capable of collecting all VON vapors and gases
discharged from the storage tank and a vapor disposal
system capable of processing such VON vapors and gases
so as to prevent their emission to the atmosphere.
“Vehicle” means a device by which any person or
property may be propelled, moved,
or drawn upon a
highway, excepting a device moved exclusively by human
power or used exclusively upon stationary rails or
tracks.
“Vinyl coating” means any topcoat or printing ink
applied to vinyl coated fabric or vinyl sheets.
Vinyl
coating does not include plastisols.
“Vinyl coating facility” means a facility that includes
one or more vinyl coating line(s).
“Vinyl coating line” means a coating line in which any
protective, decorative or functional coating is applied
onto vinyl coated fabric or vinyl sheets.
“Volatile organic liquid” means any substance which is
liquid at storage conditions and which contains
volatile organic compounds.
“Volatile organic material
(VON) or volatile organic
compound (VOC)” means any organic compound which
participates in atmospheric photochemical reactions.
This includes any organic compound other than the
following compounds:
methane,
ethane, methyl
chloroform
(1,1, 1-trichloroethane), CFC-113
(trichlorotrifluoroethane), methylene chloride
(dichloromethane), CFC-11
(trichiorofluoromethane),
CFC-12
(dichlorodifluoromethane),
CFC-22
(chlorodifluoromethane),
FC-23 (trifluoromethane),
CFC—114 (dichiorotetrafluoroethane), CFC-1l5
(chloropentafluoroethane), HCFC-123
(dichlorotrifluoroethane), HFC—l34a
(tetrafluoroethane), HCFC-l4lb (dichlorofluoroethane)
and HCFC—142b (chlorodifluoroethane).
These compounds
have been determined to have negligible photochemical
reactivity.
In addition, for the 3M Bedford Park facility in Cook
County, the following compounds shall not be considered
as volatile organic material or volatile organic
compounds
(and are, therefore,
to be treated as water
124—40
1
54
for the purpose of calculating the “less water” part of
the coating or ink composition) for a period of time
not to exceed one year after the date USEPA acts on
3M’s petition, pending as of the date of promulgation
of this rule, which seeks to have these compounds
classified as exempt compounds:
(1)
cyclic, branched,
or linear, completely fluorinated alkanes,
(2) cyclic,
branched, or linear, completely fluorinated ethers with
no unsaturations,
(3)
cyclic,
branched, or linear,
completely fluorinated tertiary amines with no
unsaturations, and
(4)
sulfur containing
perfluorocarbons with no unsaturations and with sulfur
bonds only to carbon and fluorine.
For purposes of determining compliance with emission
limits, VOC will be measured by the approved test
methods.
Where such a method also inadvertently
measures compounds with negligible photochemical
reactivity,
an owner or operator may exclude these
negligibly reactive compounds when determining
compliance with an emissions standard.
“Volatile petroleum liquid” means any petroleum liquid
with a true vapor pressure that is greater than 1.5
psia (78 millimeters of mercury) at standard
conditions.
“Wash coat” means a coating containing binders which
seals wood surfaces, prevents undesired staining, and
controls penetration.
“Wastewater (oil/water)
separator” means any device or
piece of equipment which utilizes the difference in
density between oil and water to remove oil and
associated chemicals of water, or any device, such as a
flocculation tank or a clarifier, which removes
petroleum derived compounds from waste water.
“Web” means a substrate which is printed in continuous
roll—fed presses.
“Wood furniture” means room furnishings including
cabinets
(kitchen, bath,
and vanity), tables,
chairs,
beds, sofas,
shutters, art objects, wood paneling, wood
flooring, and any other coated furnishings made of
wood, wood composition, or fabricated wood materials.
“Wood furniture coating facility” means a facility that
includes one or more wood furniture coating line(s).
“Wood furniture coating line” means a coating line in
which any protective,
decorative,
or functional coating
124—402
55
is applied onto wood furniture.
“Woodworking” means the shaping,
sawing, grinding,
smoothing, polishing, and making into products of any
form or shape of wood.
Section 218.105
Test Methods and Procedures
a)
Coatings, Inks and Fountain Solutions
The following test methods and procedures shall be used
to determine compliance of applied coatings,
inks,
and
fountain solutions with the limitations set forth in
this Part.
1)
Sampling:
Samples collected for analyses shall be
one—liter taken into a one—liter container at a
location and time such that the sample will be
representative of the coating as applied
(i.e.,
the sample shall include any dilution solvent or
other VON added during the manufacturing process).
The container must be tightly sealed immediately
after the sample is taken.
Any solvent or other
VON added after the sample is taken must be
measured and accounted for in the calculations in
subsection
(a) (3).
For multiple package coatings,
separate samples of each component shall be
obtained.
A mixed sample shall not be obtained as
it will cure in the container.
Sampling
procedures shall follow the guidelines presented
in:
A)
ASTM D3925-81(1985) standard practice for
sampling liquid paints and related pigment
coating. This practice is incorporated by
reference in Section 218.112.
B)
ASTN E300-86 standard practice for sampling
industrial chemicals. This practice
is
incorporated by reference in Section 218.112.
2)
Analyses:
The applicable analytical methods
specified below shall be used to determine the
composition of coatings,
inks, or fountain
solutions as applied.
A)
Method 24 of 40 CFR 60, Appendix A,
incorporated by reference in Section 218.112,
shall be used to determine the VON content
and density of coatings.
If it is
demonstrated to the satisfaction of the
Agency and the USEPA that plant coating
124—403
56
formulation data are equivalent to Method 24
results, formulation data may be used.
In
the event of any inconsistency between a
Method 24 test and
a facility’s formulation
data,
the Method 24 test will govern.
B)
Method 24A of 40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A,
incorporated by reference in Section 218.112,
shall be used to determine the VON content
and density of rotogravure printing inks and
related coatings.
If it is demonstrated to
the satisfaction of the Agency and USEPA that
the plant coating formulation data are
equivalent to Method 24A results,
formulation
data may be used.
In the event of any
inconsistency between
a Method 24A test and a
facility’s formulation data,
the Method 24A
test will govern.
C)
The following ASTM methods are the analytical
procedures for determining VOM:
1)
ASTM D1475—85: Standard test method for
density of paint, varnish, lacquer and
related products.
This test method is
incorporated by reference in Section
218.112.
ii)
ASTN D2369-87: Standard test method for
volatile content of a coating. This test
method is incorporated by reference in
Section 218.112.
iii) ASTM D3792—86: Standard test method for
water content of water—reducible paints
by direct injection into a gas
chromatograph. This test method is
incorporated by reference in Section
218.112.
iv)
ASTM D40l7—81(l987):
Standard test
method for water content in paints and
paint materials by the Karl Fischer
method. This test method is incorporated
by reference in Section 218.112.
v)
ASTN D4457—85: Standard test method for
determination of dichioromethane and
1,1,1, trichioroethane in paints and
coatings by direct injection into a gas
chromatograph.
(The procedure
delineated above can be used to develop
124—404
57
protocols for any compounds specifically
exempted from the definition of VON.)
This test method is incorporated by
reference in Section 218.112.
vi)
ASTM D2697-86: Standard test method for
volume non—volatile matter in clear or
pigmented coatings.
This test method is
incorporated by reference in Section
218
•
112.
vii) ASTN D3980-87: Standard practice for
interlaboratory testing of paint and
related materials. This practice is
incorporated by reference in Section
218.112.
viii) ASTM El80-85: Standard practice for
determining the precision data of ASTN
methods for analysis of and testing of
industrial chemicals. This practice is
incorporated by reference in Section
218.112.
ix)
ASTM D2372-85: Standard method of
separation of vehicle from
solvent-reducible paints. This method is
incorporated by reference in Section
218.112.
D)
Use of an adaptation to any of the analytical
methods specified in subsections
(a) (2) (A),
(B), and
(C) may not be used unless approved
by the Agency and USEPA.
An owner or
operator must submit sufficient documentation
for the Agency and USEPA to find that the
analytical methods specified in subsections
(a) (2) (A),
(B), and
(C) will yield inaccurate
results and that the proposed adaptation is
appropriate.
3)
Calculations:
Calculations for determining the
VON content, water content and the content of any
compounds which are specifically exempted from the
definition of VON of coatings,
inks and fountain
solutions as applied shall follow the guidance
provided in the following documents.
A)
“A Guide for Surface Coating Calculation”,
EPA-340/l-86-016,
incorporated by reference
in Section 218.112.
124—405
58
B)
“Procedures for Certifying Quantity of
Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted by Paint,
Ink and Other Coatings” (revised June 1986),
EPA-450/3-84—0l9, incorporated by reference
in Section 218.112.
C)
“A Guide for Graphic Arts Calculations”,
August 1988, EPA—340/l-88—003,
incorporated
by reference in Section 218.112
b)
Automobile or Light-Duty Truck Test Protocol
The protocol for testing,
including determining the
transfer efficiency,
of coating applicators at topcoat
coating operations at an automobile assembly facility
shall follow the procedure in:
“Protocol for
Determining the Daily Volatile Organic Compound
Emission Rate of Automobile and Light-Duty Truck
Topcoat Operations”, December 1988, EPA-450/3-88—0l8,
incorporated by reference in Section 218.112.
c)
Capture System Efficiency Test Protocols
1)
Applicability
The requirements of subsection
(c) (2)
shall apply
to all VON emitting processes employing capture
equipment
(e.g., hoods, ducts), except those cases
noted below.
A)
If a source installs a permanent total
enclosure (PTE) that meets Agency and USEPA
specifications,
and which directs all VON to
a control device, then the source is exempted
from the requirements described in subsection
(c) (2).
The Agency and USEPA specifications
to determine whether a structure is
considered a
PTE
are given in Procedure T of
Appendix B of this Part.
In this instance,
the capture efficiency is assumed to be 100
percent and the source is still required to
measure control efficiency using appropriate
test methods as specified in subsection
(d).
B)
If a source uses a control device designed to
collect and recover VON (e.g., carbon
adsorber),
an explicit measurement of capture
efficiency is not necessary provided that the
conditions given below are met.
The overall
control of the system can be determined by
directly comparing the ‘input liquid VON to
the recovered liquid VON.
The general
124—406
59
procedure for use in this situation is given
in 40 CFR 60.433, incorporated by reference
in Section 218.112, with the following
additional restrictions:
i)
The source must be able to equate
solvent usage with solvent recovery on
a
24-hour
(daily)
basis,
rather than a
30-day weighted average, within 72 hours
following the 24-hour period.
In
addition, one of the following two
criteria must be met:
ii)
The solvent recovery system
(i.e.,
capture and control system) must be
dedicated to a single process line
(e.g.,
one process line venting to a
carbon adsorber system), or
iii)
If the solvent recovery system controls
multiple process lines, then the source
must be able to demonstrate that the
overall control (i.e., the total
recovered solvent VOM divided by the sum
of liquid VON input to all process lines
venting to the control system)
meets or
exceeds the most stringent standard
applicable for any process line venting
to the control system.
2)
Specific Requirements
The capture efficiency of a process line shall be
measured using one of the four protocols given
below.
Any error margin associated with a test
protocol may not be incorporated into the results
of a capture efficiency test.
If these techniques
are not suitable for a particular process, then
the source may use an alternative capture
efficiency protocol, provided that the alternative
protocol is approved by the Agency and approved by
the USEPA as a SIP revision.
A)
Gas/gas method using temporary total
enclosure (TTE).
The Agency and USEPA
specifications to determine whether a
temporary enclosure is considered a TTE are
given in Procedure T of Appendix B of this
Part.
The capture efficiency equation to be
used for this protocol
is:
CE
=
Gw/(Gw
+
Fw)
124—407
60
where:
CE
=
capture efficiency, decimal
fraction
Gw
=
mass of VON captured and delivered
to control device using a TTE
Fw
=
mass of fugitive VON that escapes
from a TTE
Procedure G.2 contained in Appendix B of this
Part is used to obtain Gw.
Procedure F.1 in
Appendix B of this Part is used to obtain Fw.
B)
Liquid/gas method using TTE.
The Agency and
USEPA specifications to determine whether a
temporary enclosure is considered a TTE are
given in Procedure T of Appendix B of this
Part.
The capture efficiency equation to be
used for this protocol is:
CE
=
(L - F~)/L
where: CE
=
capture efficiency, decimal
fraction
L
=
mass of liquid VON input to
process
Fw
=
mass of fugitive VON that escapes
from a
TTE
Procedure L contained in Appendix B of this
Part is used to obtain
L.
Procedure F.1 in
Appendix B of this Part is used to obtain Fw.
C)
Gas/gas method using the building or room
(building or room enclosure)
in which the
affected source is located as the enclosure
and in which “F” and “G” are measured while
operating only the affected facility.,
All
fans and blowers in the building or room must
be operated as they would under normal
production.
The capture efficiency equation
to be used for this protocol is:
CE
=
G/(G
+ F8)
where: CE
=
capture efficiency, decimal
fraction
G
=
mass of VON captured and
124—408
61
delivered to control device
F8
=
mass of fugitive VON that escapes
from building enclosure
Procedure G.2 contained in Appendix B of this
Part is used to obtain G.
Procedure F.2 in
Appendix B of this Part is used to obtain
F8.
D)
Liquid/gas method using the building or room
(building or room enclosure)
in which the
affected source is located as the enclosure
and in which “F” and “L” are measured while
operating only the affected facility.
All
fans and blowers in the building or room must
be operated as they would under normal
production.
The capture efficiency equation
to be used for this protocol is:
CE
=
(L
-
F8)/L
where: CE
=
capture. efficiency, decimal
fraction
L
=
mass of liquid VOM input to
process
F8
=
mass of fugitive VOM that escapes
from building enclosure
Procedure L contained in Appendix B of this
section is used to obtain
L.
Procedure F.2
in Appendix B of this section is used to
obtain
F8.
3)
Recordkeeping and Reporting
A)
All affected facilities must maintain a copy
of the capture efficiency protocol submitted
to the Agency and the USEPA on file.
All
results of the appropriate test methods and
capture efficiency protocols must be reported
to the Agency within sixty
(60) days of the
test date.
A copy of the results must be
kept on file with the source for a period of
three
(3)
years.
B)
If any changes are made to capture or control
equipment, then the source is required to
notify the Agency and the USEPA of these
changes and a new test may be required by the
Agency or the USEPA.
124—409
62
C)
The source must notify the Agency 30 days
prior to performing any capture efficiency or
control test.
At that time,
the source must
notify the Agency which capture efficiency
protocol and control device test methods will
be used.
D)
Sources utilizing a
PTE
must demonstrate that
this enclosure meets the requirement given in
Procedure T
(in Appendix B of this Part)
for
a
PTE
during any testing of their control
device.
E)
Sources utilizing a TTE must demonstrate that
their TTE meets the requirements given in
Procedure T
(in Appendix B of this Part)
for
a TTE during testing of their control device.
The source must also provide documentation
that the quality assurance criteria for a TTE
have been achieved.
d)
Control Device Efficiency Testing and Monitoring
1)
The control device efficiency shall be determined
by simultaneously measuring the inlet and outlet
gas phase VOM concentrations and gas volumetric
flow rates
in accordance with the gas phase test
methods specified in subsection
(f).
2)
Any owner or operator that uses an afterburner or
carbon adsorber to comply with any Section of this
Part shall use USEPA approved continuous
monitoring equipment which is installed,
calibrated, maintained, and operated according to
vendor specifications at all times the afterburner
or carbon adsorber is in use.
The continuous
monitoring equipment must monitor the following
parameters:
A)
Combustion chamber temperature of each
afterburner.
B)
Temperature rise across each catalytic
afterburner bed or VON concentration of
exhaust.
C)
The VON concentration of each carbon
adsorption bed exhaust.
e)
Overall Efficiency
124—4 10
63
1)
The overall efficiency of the emission control
system shall be determined as the product of the
capture system efficiency and the control device
efficiency or by the liquid/liquid test protocol
as specified in 40 CFR 60.433,
incorporated by
reference in Section 218.112,
(and revised by
subsection
(C)
(1) (B)
for each solvent recovery
system.
In those cases in which the overall
efficiency is being determined for an entire line,
the capture efficiency used to calculate the
product of the capture and control efficiency is
the total capture efficiency over the entire line.
2)
For coating lines which are both chosen by the
owner or operator to comply with Section
218.207(a),
(d),
(e),
(f), or
(g) by the
alternative in Section 218.207(b) (2) and meet the
criteria allowing them to comply with Section
218.207 instead of Section 218.204, the overall
efficiency of the capture system and control
device, as determined by the test methods and
procedures specified in subsections
(c),
(d)
and
(e) (1),
shall be no less than the equivalent
overall efficiency which shall be calculated by
the following equation:
E
=
(VOMa
-
VOM1)/VOMa) x 100
where:
E
=
Equivalent overall efficiency of the
capture system and control device as a
percentage,
VOMa
=
Actual VOM content of a coating, or the
daily-weighted average VON content of
two or more coatings
(if more than one
coating is used), as applied to the
subject coating line as determined by
the applicable test methods and
procedures specified in subsection
(a)
in units of kg VON/l
(lb VON/gal) of
coating solids as applied,
VOM~
=
The VON emission limit specified in
Section 218.207(a)
or
(b)
in units of kg
VON/l
(lb VON/gal) of coating solids as
applied.
f)
Volatile Organic Material Gas Phase Source Test Methods
The methods in 40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A, incorporated
124—4 11
64
by reference in Section 218.112 delineated below shall
be used to determine control device efficiencies.
1)
40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A, Method 18,
25 or 25A,
incorporated by reference in Section 218.112 as
appropriate to the conditions at the site,
shall
be used to determine VON concentration.
Method
selection shall be based on consideration of the
diversity of organic species present and their
total concentration and on consideration of the
potential presence of interfering gases.
Except
as indicated in subsections
(f) (1) (A) and
(B)
below, the test shall consist of three separate
runs, each lasting a minimum of 60 mm, unless the
Agency and the USEPA determine that process
variables dictate shorter sampling times.
A)
When the method is to be used to determine
the efficiency of a carbon adsorption system
with a common exhaust stack for all the
individual adsorber vessels, the test shall
consist of three separate runs, each
coinciding with one or more complete
sequences through the adsorption cycles of
all the individual adsorber vessels.
B)
When the method is to be used to determine
the efficiency of a carbon adsorption system
with individual exhaust stacks for each
adsorber vessel, each adsorber vessel shall
be tested individually.
The test for each
adsorber vessel shall consist of three
separate runs.
Each run shall coincide with
one or more complete adsorption cycles.
2)
40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A, Method I or 1A,
incorporated by reference in Section 218.112,
shall be used for sample and velocity traverses.
3)
40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A, Method
2,
2A, 2C or
2D, incorporated by reference in Section 218.112,
shall be used for velocity and volumetric flow
rates.
4)
40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A, Method 3, incorporate~
by reference in Section 218.112, shall be used for
gas analysis.
5)
40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A, Method
4, incorporated
by reference in Section 218.112, shall be used for
stack gas moisture.
124—412
65
6)
40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A, Methods
2,
2A,
2C, 2D,
3 and 4,
incorporated by reference in Section
218.112,
shall be performed,
as applicable,
at
least twice during each test run.
7)
Use of an adaptation to any of the test methods
specified in subsections
(f) (1),
(2),
(3),
(4),
(5) and
(6) may not be used unless approved by the
Agency and the USEPA.
An owner or operator must
submit sufficient documentation for the Agency and
the USEPA to find that the test methods specified
in subsections (f)(l),
(2),
(3),
(4),
(5) and
(6)
will yield inaccurate results and that the
proposed adaptation is appropriate.
g)
Leak Detection Methods for Volatile Organic Material
Owners or operators required by this Part to carry out
a leak detection monitoring program shall comply with
the following requirements:
1)
Leak Detection Monitoring
A)
Monitoring shall comply with 40 CFR 60,
Appendix A, Method 21,
incorporated by
reference in Section 218.112.
B)
The detection instrument shall meet the
performance criteria of Method 21.
C)
The instrument shall be calibrated before use
on each day of its use by the methods
specified in Method 21.
D)
Calibration gases shall be:
i)
Zero air (less than loppm of hydrocarbon
in air); and
ii)
A mixture of methane or n-hexane and air
at a concentration of approximately, but
no less than,
10,000 ppm methane or
n—hexane.
E)
The instrument probe shal1~betraversed
around all potential leak interfaces as close
to the interface as possible as described in
Method 21.
2)
When equipment is tested for compliance with no
detectable emissions as required, the test shall
comply with the following requirements:
124—413
66
A)
The requirements of subsections
(g) (1) (A)
through
(g) (1) (E)
above shall apply.
B)
The background level shall be determined as
set forth in Method 21.
3)
Leak detection tests shall be performed consistent
with:
A)
“APTI Course SI 417 controlling Volatile
Organic Compound Emissions from Leaking
Process Equipment”, EPA-450/2-82—015,
incorporated by reference in Section 218.112.
B)
“Portable Instrument User’s Manual for
Monitoring VOC Sources”, EPA—340/1—86-015,
incorporated by reference in Section 218.112.
C)
“Protocols for Generating Unit-Specific
Emission Estimates for Equipment Leaks of VOC
and VHAP”, EPA-450/3-88-010,
incorporated by
reference in Section 218.112.
D)
“Petroleum Refinery Enforcement Manual”,
EPA—340/l-80-008,
incorporated by reference
in Section 218.122.
h)
Bulk Gasoline Delivery System Test Protocol
1)
The method for determining the emissions of
gasoline from a vapor recovery system are
delineated in 40 CFR 60, Subpart XX, Section
60.503,
incorporated by reference in Section
218.112.
2)
Other tests shall be performed consistent with:
A)
“Inspection Manual for Control of Volatile
Organic Emissions from Gasoline Marketing
Operations:
Appendix D”, EPA-340/1—80—0l2,
incorporated by reference in Section 218.112.
B)
“Control of Hydrocarbons from Tank Truck
Gasoline Loading Terminals: Appendix A”,
EPA-450/2—77—026, incorporated by reference
in Section 218.112.
i)
Notwithstanding other requirements of this Part, upon
request of the Agency where it is necessary to
demonstrate compliance, an
owner
or operator of an
emission source which is subject to this Part shall, at
124—4 14
67
his own expense, conduct tests in accordance with the
applicable test methods and procedures specific in this
Part.
Nothing in this Section shall limit the
authority of the USEPA pursuant to the Clean Air Act,
as amended,
to require testing.
Section 218.106
Compliance Dates
Compliance with the requirments of this Part is required by July
1,
1991 or September 1,
1991, consistent with the appropriate
provisions of Section 218.103.
Section 218.107
Afterburners
The operation of any natural gas fired afterburner and capture
system used to comply with this Part is not required during the
period of November 1 of any year to April
1 of the following year
provided that the operation of such devices is not required for
purposes of occupational safety or health, or for the control of
toxic substances, odor nuisances, or other regulated pollutants.
Section 218.108
Exemptions, Variations, and Alternative Means
of Control or Compliance Determinations
Notwithstanding the provisions of any other Sections of this
Part, any exemptions, variations or alternatives to the control
requirements, emission limitations, or test methods set forth in
this Part shall be effective only when approved by the Agency and
approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision.
Section 218.109
Vapor Pressure of Volatile Organic Liquids
a)
If the VOL consists of only a single compound, the
vapor pressure shall be determined by ASTM Method
D2879-86 (incorporated by reference in Section 218.112)
or the vapor pressure may be obtained from a published
source such as:
Boublik,
T., V. Fried and E.
Hala,
“The Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances,” Elsevier
Scientific Publishing Co., New York (1973); Perry’s
Chemical Engineer’s Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Company
(1984); CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Chemical
Rubber Publishing Company (1986-87); and Lange’s
Handbook of Chemistry, John A.
Dean, editor,
McGraw—Hill Book Company (1985).
b)
If the VOL is a mixture, the vapor pressure shall be
determined by ASTN Method D2879-86 (incorporated by
reference in Section 218.112)
or by the following
equation:
P~ol
=
~
X1
124—4 15
68
where:
P~ol
=
Total vapor pressure of the
mixture,
n
=
Number of components in the
mixture,
i
=
Subscript denoting an individual
component,
P~
=
Vapor pressure of a component
determined in accordance with
Subpart A of this Part
=
Mole fraction of the component in
the total mixture.
Sectior~218.110
Vapor Pressure of Organic Material or Solvent
a)
If the organic material or solvent consists of only a
single compound, the vapor pressure shall be determined
by ASTN Method D2879-86 (incorporated by reference in
Section 218.112) or the vapor pressure may be obtained
from a published source such as:
Boublik, T.,
V.
Fried
and E. Hala,
“The Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances,”
Elsevier Scientific Publishing Co., New York (1973);
Perry’s Chemical Engineer’s Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book
Company
(1984); CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics,
Chemical Rubber Publishing Company (1986-87); and
Lange’s Handbook of Chemistry, John A. Dean,
editor,
McGraw-Hill Book Company (1985).
b)
If the organic material or solvent is in a mixture made
up of both organic material compounds and compounds
which are not organic material, the vapor pressure
shall be determined by the following equation:
n
EP~X~
n
E
X~
where:
P0m
=
Total vapor pressure of the portion of the
mixture which is composed of organic
124—4 16
69
material,
n
=
Number of organic material components in
the mixture,
i
=
Subscript denoting an individual
component,
P1
=
Vapor pressure of an organic material
component determined in accordance with
Subpart A of this Part,
X1
=
Mole fraction of the organic material
component of the total mixture.
c)
If the organic material or solvent is in a mixture made
up of only organic material compounds,
the vapor
pressure shall be determined by ASTM Method D2879-86
(incorporated by reference in Section 218.112) or by
the above equation.
Section 218.111
Vapor Pressure of Volatile Organic Material
a)
If the VON consists of only a single compound, the
vapor pressure shall be determined by ASTM Method
D2879-86 (incorporated by reference in Section 218.112)
or the vapor pressure may be obtained from a published
source such as:
Boublik, T.,
V. Fried and E. Hala,
“The Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances,” Elsevier
Scientific Publishing Co., New York (1973); Perry’s
Chemical Engineer’s Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Company
(1984); CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics,
Chemical
Rubber Publishing Company (1986-87); and Lange’s
Handbook of Chemistry, John A. Dean, editor,
McGraw-Hill Book Company
(1985).
b)
If the VON is in a mixture made up of both VON
compounds and compounds which are not VON, the vapor
pressure shall be determined by the following equation:
n
EP1X1
=
n
EX1
1=1
where:
P~oTLl
=
Total vapor pressure of the portion of
the mixture which is composed of VON,
12 4—417
70
n
=
Number of VON components in the mixture,
i
=
Subscript denoting an individual
component,
=
Vapor pressure of a VON component
determined in accordance with Subpart A
of this Part,
=
Mole fraction of the VON component of
the total mixture.
c)
If the VON is in a mixture made up of only VON
compounds, the vapor pressure shall be determined by
ASTN Method D2879-86 (incorporated by reference in
Section 218.112)
or by the above equation.
Section 218.112
Incorporations by Reference
The following materials are incorporated by reference.
These
incorporations include no further amendments or editions.
a)
American Society for Testing and Materials,
1916 Race
Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103:
1)
ASTM D2879—86
2)
ASTN D323—82
3)
ASTN D86—82
4)
ASTN D—369—69
(1971)
5)
ASTM D—396—69
6)
ASTN D2880—7l
7)
ASTN D—975—68
8)
ASTM D3925—8l
(1985)
9)
ASTN E300—86
10)
ASTM Dl475—85
11)
ASTN
D2369—87
12)
ASTM
D3792—86
13)
ASTN D4017—81
(1987)
14)
ASTN D4457—85
15)
ASTM D2697—86
16)
ASTM D3980—87
17)
ASTM E180—85
18)
ASTN D2372—85
19)
ASTN D97—66
20)
ASTN E—168
21)
ASTN E—169
22)
ASTM E—260
23)
ASTN D2504—83
24)
ASTM D2382—83
b)
Standard Industrial Classification Manual, published by
124—4 18
71
Executive Office of the President, Office of Management
and Budget, Washington,
D.C.,
1987.
C)
American Petroleum Institute Bulletin 2517,
“Evaporation Loss From Floating Roof Tanks”, Second
ed., February,
1980.
d)
40 CFR 60
(July
1,
1990).
e)
40 CFR 61
(July
1,
1990).
f)
40 CFR 50 (July 1,
1989).
g)
40 CFR 51
(July
1,
1989).
h)
40 CFR 52
(July
1,
1989).
i)
United States Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington,
D.C., EPA-340/l-86-0l6.
j)
United States Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington D.C., EPA-450/3-84-019.
k)
United States Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington D.C.,
EPA—340/l—88—003.
1)
United States Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington D.C.,
EPA-450/3-88-018.
m)
United States Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington,
D.C.,
EPA—450/2-78-029.
n)
United States Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington,
D.C., EPA—450/2-78—051.
o)
United States Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington,
D.C.,
EPA—450/3—82—009.
SUBPART B:
ORGANIC EMISSIONS FROM STORAGE AND LOADING OPERATIONS
Section 218.121
Storage Containers
No person shall cause or allow the storage of any VOL with a
vapor pressure of 17.24 kPa (2.5 psia)
or greater at 294.3 K
(70°F) or any gaseous organic material in any stationary tank,
reservoir or other container of more than 151 cubic meters
(40,000 gal) capacity unless such tank, reservoir or other
container:
a)
Is a pressure tank capable of withstanding the vapor
pressure of such liquid or the pressure of the gas, so
as to prevent vapor or gas loss to the atmosphere at
124—4 19
72
all times;
or,
b)
Is designed and equipped with one of the following
vapor loss control devices:
1)
A floating roof which rests on the surface of the
VOL and is equipped with a closure seal or seals
between the roof edge and the tank wall.
Such
floating roof shall not be permitted if the VOL
has a vapor pressure of 86.19 kPa
(12.5 psia)
or
greater at 294.3°K(70°F). No person shall cause
or allow the emission of air contaminants into the
atmosphere from any gauging or sampling devices
attached to such tanks, except during sampling or
maintenance operations.
2)
A vapor recovery system consisting of:
A)
A vapor gathering system capable of
collecting 85
or more of the uncontrolled
VON that would be otherwise emitted to the
atmosphere;
and,
B)
A vapor disposal system capable of processing
such VON so as to prevent its emission to the
atmosphere.
No person shall cause or allow
the emission of air contaminants into the
atmosphere from any gauging or sampling
devices attached to such tank,
reservoir or
other container except during sampling.
3)
Other equipment or means of equal efficiency
approved by the Agency according to the provisions
of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 201, and further processed
consistent with Section 218.108.
Section 218.122
Loading Operations
a)
No person shall cause or allow the discharge of more
than 3.6 kg/hr
(8 lbs/hr) of organic material into the
atmosphere during the loading of any organic material
from the aggregate loading pipes of any loading
facility having through-put of greater than 151 cubic
meters per day (40,000 gal/day)
into any railroad tank
car, tank truck or trailer unless such loading facility
is equipped with submerged loading pipes,
submerged
fill or a device that is equally effective in
controlling emissions and is approved by the Agency
according to the provisions of 35 Ill.
Adin.
Code 201,
and further processed consistent with Section 218.108.
b)
No person shall cause or allow the loading of any
124—420
73
organic material into any stationary tank having a
storage capacity of greater than 946
1
(250 gal),
unless such tank is equipped with a permanent submerged
loading pipe,
submerged fill or an equivalent device
approved by the Agency according to the provisions of
35 Ill. Adm. Code 201, and further processed consistent
with Section 218.108, or unless such tank is a pressure
tank as described in Section 218.121(a)
or is fitted
with a recovery system as described in Section
218.121(b) (2).
c)
Exception:
If no odor nuisance exists the limitations
of this Section shall only apply to the loading of VOL
with a vapor pressure of 17.24 kPa
(2.5 psia) or
greater at 294.3°K(70°F).
Section 218.123
Petroleum Liquid Storage Tanks
a)
The requirements of subsection
(b)
shall not apply to
any stationary storage tank:
1)
Equipped before January
1,
1979 with one of the
vapor loss control devices specified in Section
218.121(b),
except Section 218.121(b) (1);
2)
With a capacity of less than 151.42 cubic meters
(40,000 gal);
3)
With a capacity of less than 1,600 cubic meters
(422,400 gal)
and used to store produced crude oil
and condensate prior to custody transfer;
4)
With a capacity of less than 1,430 cubic meters
(378,000 gal) and used to store produced oil or
condensate in crude oil gathering;
5)
Subject to new source performance standards for
storage vessels of petroleum liquid,
35 Ill. Adm.
Code 230;
6)
In which volatile petroleum liquid is not stored;
or
7)
Which is a pressure tank as described in Section
218.121(a).
b)
Subject to subsection
(a) no owner or operator of a
stationary storage tank shall cause or allow the
storage of any volatile petroleum liquid in the tank
unless:
1)
The tank is equipped with one of the vapor loss
124—42
1
74
control devices specified in Section 218.121(b);
2)
There are no visible holes, tears or other defects
in the seal or any seal fabric or material of any
floating roof;
3)
All openings of any floating roof deck, except
stub drains, are equipped with covers, lids or
seals such that:
A)
The cover, lid or seal is in the closed
position at all times except when petroleum
liquid is transferred to or from the tank;
B)
Automatic bleeder vents are closed at all
times except when the roof is floated off or
landed on the roof leg supports; and
C)
Rim vents,
if provided, are set to open when
the roof is being floated off the roof leg
supports or at the manufacturer’s recommended
setting;
.4)
Routine inspections of floating roof seals are
conducted through roof hatches once every six
months;
5)
A complete inspection of the cover and seal of any
floating roof tank is made whenever the tank is
emptied for reasons other than the transfer of
petroleum liquid during the normal operation of
the tank,
or whenever repairs are made as a result
of any semi—annual inspection or incidence of roof
damage or defect; and
6)
A record of the results of each inspection
conducted under subsection
(b) (4) or
(b) (5)
is
maintained.
c)
Owners and operators of petroleum liquid storage tanks
were required to have compliance sche~iulesas
summarized in Appendix C, to 35 Ill Adm. Code 215.
Section 218.124
External Floating Roofs
a)
In addition to meeting the requirements of Section
218.123(b),
no owner or operator of a stationary
storage tank equipped with an external floating roof
shall cause or allow the storage of any volatile
petroleum liquid in the tank unless:
1)
The tank has been fitted with a continuous
124—422
75
secondary seal extending from the floating roof to
the tank wall
(rim mounted secondary seal) or any
other device which controls VON emissions with an
effectiveness equal to or greater than a rim
mounted secondary seal;
2)
Each seal closure device meets the following
requirements:
A)
The seal is intact and uniformly in place
around the circumference of the floating roof
between the floating roof and tank wall; and
B)
The accumulated area of gaps exceeding 0.32
centimeter
(1/8 inch)
in width between the
secondary seal and the tank wall shall not
exceed 21.2 square centimeters per meter of
tank diameter (1.0 square inches per foot of
tank diameter).
3)
Emergency roof drains are provided with slotted
membrane fabric covers or equivalent covers across
at least 90 percent of the area of the opening;
4)
Openings are equipped with projections into the
tank which remain below the liquid surface at all
times;
5)
Inspections are conducted prior to Nay 1 of each
year to insure compliance with subsection
(a);
6)
The secondary seal gap is measured prior to May
1
of each year;
7)
Records of the types of volatile petroleum liquid
stored,
the maximum true vapor pressure of the
liquid
as stored, the results of the inspections
and the results of the secondary seal gap
measurements are maintained and available to the
Agency, upon verbal or written request, at any
reasonable time for a minimum of two years after
the date on which the record was made.
b)
Subsection
(a) does not apply to any stationary storage
tank equipped with an external floating roof:
1)
Exempted under Section 218.123(a) (2) through
218.123 (a) (6);
2)
Of welded construction equipped with a metallic
type shoe seal having a secondary seal from the
top of the shoe seal to the tank wall
124—423
76
(shoe—mounted secondary seal);
3)
Of welded construction equipped with a metallic
type shoe seal,
a liquid—mounted foam seal, a
liquid—mounted liquid-filled—type seal,
or other
closure device of equivalent control efficiency
approved by the Agency in which a petroleum liquid
with a true vapor pressure less than 27.6 kPa
(4.0
psia)
at 294.3°K(70°F)
is stored; or
4)
Used to store crude oil with a pour point of 50°F
or higher as determined by ASTN Standard D97-66
incorporated by reference in Section 218.112.
Section 218.125
Compliance Dates
Every owner or operator of an emission source subject to 35 Ill.
Adm. Code 215, Subpart B, as of December 31,
1987 shall have
complied with its standards and limitations by December 31,
1987.
Section 218.126
Compliance Plan
a)
The owner or operator of an emission source previously
subject to Section 215.125 shall have submitted to the
Agency a compliance plan as required by 35 Ill. Adm.
Code 201.241, including a project completion schedule
where applicable, no later than April 21,
1983.
b)
Unless the submitted compliance plan or schedule was
disapproved by the Agency, the owner or operator of a
facility or emission source subject to the rules
specified in subsection
(a) may operate the emission
source according to the plan and schedule as submitted.
c)
The plan and schedule shall meet the requirements of 35
Ill. Adm. Code 201.241 including specific interim dates
as required in 35 Ill.
Adin. Code 201.242.
SUBPART C:
ORGANIC EMISSIONS FROM MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT
Section 218.141
Separation Operations
a)
No person shall use any single or multiple compartment
effluent water separator which receives effluent water
containing 757 1/day (200 gal/day) or more of organic
material from any equipment processing, refining,
treating, storing or handling organic material unless
such effluent water separator is equipped with air
pollution control equipment capable of reducing by 85
percent or more the uncontrolled organic material
emitted to the atmosphere.
Exception:
If no odor
nuisance exists the limitations of this subsection
124=4 24
77
shall not apply if the vapor pressure of the organic
material is below 17.24 kPa
(2.5 psia)
at 294.3°K
(70°F).
b)
Subsection
(a)
shall not apply to water and crude oil
separation in the production of Illinois crude oil,
if
the vapor pressure of such crude oil is less than 34.5
kPa
(5 psia).
Section 218.142
Pumps and Compressors
No person shall cause or allow the discharge of more than 32.8 ml
(2 cu in) of VOL with vapor pressure of 17.24 kPa
(2.5 psia)
or
greater at 294.3°K(70°F) into the atmosphere from any pump or
compressor in any 15 minute period at standard conditions.
Section 218.143
Vapor Blowdown
No person shall cause or allow the emission of organic material
into the atmosphere from any vapor blowdown system or any safety
relief valve,
except such safety relief valves not capable of
causing an excessive release, unless such emission is controlled:
a)
To 10 ppm equivalent methane
(molecular weight 16.0)
or
less;
or,
b)
By combustion in a smokeless flare;
or,
c)
By other air pollution control equipment approved by
the Agency according to the provisions of 35 Ill. Adm.
Code 201, and further processed consistent with Section
218. 108.
Section 218.144
Safety Relief Valves
Section 218.143 shall not apply to any set of unregulated safety
relief valves capable of causing excessive releases, provided the
owner or operator thereof, by October
1,
1972, supplied the
Agency with the following:
a)
A historical record of each such set
(or, if such
records were unavailable,
of similar sets which, by
virtue of operation under similar circumstances, may
reasonably have been presumed to have the same or
greater frequency of excessive releases)
for a
three-year period immediately preceding October
1,
1972,
indicating:
1)
Dates on which excessive releases occurred from
each such set; and,
2)
Duration in minutes of each such excessive
12 4—425
78
release; and,
3)
Quantities
(in pounds) of mercaptans and/or
hydrogen sulfide emitted into the atmosphere
during each such excessive release.
b)
Proof, using such three—year historical records, that
no excessive release is likely to occur from any such
set either alone or in combination with such excessive
releases from other sets owned or operated by the same
person and located within a ten—mile radius from the
center point of any such set, more frequently than
3
times in any 12 month period;
c)
Accurate maintenance records pursuant to the
requirements of subsection
(a);
and,
d)
Proof, at three—year intervals, using such three—year
historical records, that such set conforms to the
requirements of subsection
(c).
SUBPART E:
SOLVENT CLEANING
Section 218.181
Solvent Cleaning in General
The requirements of this Subpart shall apply to all cold
cleaning, open top vapor degreasing, and conveyorized degreasing
operations.
Section 218.182
Cold Cleaning
a)
Operating Procedures:
No person shall operate a cold
cleaning degreaser unless:
1)
Waste solvent is stored in covered containers only
and not disposed of in such a manner that more
than 20
of the waste solvent
(by weight)
is
allowed to evaporate into the atmosphere;
2)
The cover of the degreaser is closed when parts
are not being handled; and
3)
Parts are drained until dripping ceases.
b)
Equipment Requirements:
No person shall operate a cold
cleaning degreaser unless:
1)
The degreaser is equipped with a cover which is
closed whenever parts are not being handled in the
cleaner.
The cover shall be designed to be easily
operated with one hand or with the mechanical
assistance of springs, counter—weights or a
124—426
79
powered system if:
A)
The solvent vapor pressure is greater than 2
kPa
(15
minHg
or 0.3 psi) measured at 38°C
(100°F);
B)
The solvent is agitated; or
C)
The solvent is heated above ambient room
temperature
2)
The degreaser is equipped with a facility for
draining cleaned parts.
The drainage facility
shall be constructed so that parts are enclosed
under the cover while draining unless:
A)
The solvent vapor pressure is less than 4.3
kPa
(32
imnHg
or 0.6 psi) measured at 38°C
(100°F);or
B)
An internal drainage facility cannot be
fitted into the cleaning system,
in which
case the drainage facility may be external.
3)
The degreaser is equipped with one of the
following control devices if the vapor pressure of
the solvent is greater than 4.3 kPa
(32
mmllg
or
0.6 psi) measured at 38°C(100°F)or if the
solvent is heated above 50°C(120°F)or its
boiling point:
A)
A freeboard height of 7/10 of the inside
width of the tank or 91 cm
(36 in), whichever
is less; or
B)
Any other equipment or system of equivalent
emission control as approved by the Agency
and further processed consistent with Section
218.108.
Such a system may include a water
cover, refrigerated chiller or carbon
adsorber.
4)
A permanent conspicuous label summarizing the
operating procedure is affixed to the degreaser;
and
5)
If a solvent spray is used, the degreaser is
equipped with a solid fluid stream spray,
rather
than a fine, atomized or shower spray.
Section 218.183
Open Top Vapor Degreasing
124—427
80
a)
Operating Requirements:
No person shall operate an
open top vapor degreaser unless:
1)
The cover of the degreaser is closed when
workloads are ~notbeing processed through the
degreaser;
2)
Solvent carryout emissions are minimized by:
A)
Racking parts to allow complete drainage;
B)
Moving parts in and out of the degreaser at
less than 3.3 m/min
(11 ft/mm);
C)
Holding the parts in the vapor zone until
condensation ceases;
D)
Tipping out any pools of solvent on the
cleaned parts before removal from the vapor
zone;
and,
E)
Allowing parts to dry within the degreaser
until visually dry.
3)
Porous or absorbent materials,
such as cloth,
leather, wood or rope are not degreased;
4)
Less than half of the degreaser’s open top area is
occupied with a workload;
5)
The degreaser is not loaded to the point where the
vapor level would drop more than 10 cm
(4
in) when
the workload is removed from the vapor zone;
6)
Spraying is done below the vapor level only;
7)
Solvent leaks are repaired immediately;
8)
Waste solvent is stored in covered containers only
and not disposed of in such a manner that more
than 20
of the waste solvent (by weight)
is
allowed to evaporate into the atmosphere;
9)
Water is not visually detectable in solvent
exiting from the water separator;
and
10)
Exhaust ventilation exceeding 20 cubic meters per
minute per square meter
(65 cubic feet per minute
per square foot)
of degreaser open area is not
used,
unless necessary to meet the requirements of
the Occupational Safety and Health Act
(29 U.S.C.
Section 651 et seq.).
124—428
81
b)
Equipment Requirements:
No person shall operate an
open top vapor degreaser unless:
1)
The degreaser is equipped with a cover designed to
open and close easily without disturbing the vapor
zone;
2)
The degreaser is equipped with the following
switches:
A)
A device which shuts off the sump heat source
if the amount of condenser coolant is not
sufficient to maintain the designed vapor
level; and
B)
A device which shuts off
th’e spray pump if
the vapor level drops more than 10 cm
(4
in)
below the bottom condenser coil; and
C)
A device which shuts off the sump heat source
when the vapor level exceeds the design
level.
3)
A permanent conspicuous label summarizing the
operating procedure is affixed to the degreaser;
4)
The degreaser is equipped with one of the
following devices:
A)
A freeboard height of 3/4 of the inside width
of the degreaser tank or 91 cm
(36 in),
whichever is less;
and if the degreaser
opening is greater than
1 square meter
(10.8
square feet),
a powered or mechanically
assisted cover;
or
B)
Any other equipment or system of equivalent
emission control as approved by the Agency
and further processed consistent with Section
218.108.
Such equipment or system may
include a refrigerated chiller, an enclosed
design or a carbon adsorption system.
Section 218.184
Conveyorized Degreasing
a)
Operating Requirements:
No person shall operate a
conveyorized degreaser unless:
1)
Exhaust ventilation exceeding 20 cubic meters per
minute per square meter
(65 cubic feet per minute
per square foot) of area of loading and unloading
124—429
82
opening is not used, unless necessary to meet the
requirements of the Occupational Safety and Health
Act
(29 U.S.C. Section 651 et seq.).
2)
Solvent carryout emissions are minimized by:
A)
Racking parts for best drainage; and
B)
Maintaining the vertical conveyor speed at
less than 3.3 m/min
(11 ft/mm);
3)
Waste solvent is stored in covered containers only
and not disposed of in such a manner that more
than 20
of the waste solvent (by weight)
is
allowed to evaporate into the atmosphere;
4)
Solvent leaks are repaired immediately;
5)
Water is not visually detectable in solvent
exiting from the water separator; and
6)
Downtime covers are placed over entrances and
exits of conveyorized degreasers immediately after
the conveyors and exhausts are shut down and not
removed until just before start—up.
b)
Equipment Requirements:
No person shall operate a
conveyorized degreaser unless:
1)
The degreaser is equipped with a drying tunnel,
rotating (tumbling)
basket or other equipment
sufficient to prevent cleaned parts from carrying
out solvent liquid or vapor;
2)
The degreaser is equipped with the following
switches:
A)
A device which shuts off the sump heat source
if the amount of condenser coolant is not
sufficient to maintain the designed vapor
level;
B)
A device which shuts off the spray pump or
the conveyor if the vapor level drops more
than 10 cm
(4
in) below the bottom condenser
coil; and
C)
A device which shuts off the suiup heat source
when the vapor level exceeds the design
level;
3)
The degreaser is equipped with openings for
124—430
83
entrances and exits that silhouette workloads so
that the average clearance between the parts and
the edge of the degreaser opening is less than 10
cm
(4 in) or less than 10 percent of the width of
the opening;
4)
The degreaser is equipped with downtime covers for
closing off entrances and exits when the degreaser
is shut down; and
5)
The degreaser is equipped with one of the
following control devices,
if the air/vapor
interface is larger than 2.0 square meters
(21.6
square feet):
A)
A carbon adsorption system with ventilation
greater than or equal to 15 cubic meters per
minute per square meter
(50 cubic feet per
minute per square foot)
of air/vapor area
when downtime covers are open, and exhausting
less than 25 ppm of solvent by volume
averaged over a complete adsorption cycle; or
B)
Any other equipment or system of equivalent
emission control as approved by the Agency,
and further processed consistent with Section
218.108.
Such equipment or system may
include a refrigerated chiller.
Section 218.185
Compliance Schedule
Every owner or operator of an emission source which was
previously exempt from the requirements of Subpart E of 35 Ill.
Adm. Code 215
(Sections 215.182—215.184)
because it satisfied the
criteria in either 35
Ill.
Adin. Code 215.181(a)
or 35 Ill. Adm.
Code 215.181(b),
shall comply with the requirements of this
Subpart on and after a date consistent with Section 218.106.
A
source which did not satisfy the criteria in either 35 Ill. Adm.
Code 215.181(a)
or 35 Ill. Adm. Code 215.181(b)
shall comply with
the requirements of this Subpart upon adoption.
Section 218.186
Test Methods
The following test methods shall be used to demonstrate
compliance with this Subpart:
a)
Vapor pressures shall be determined by using the
procedure specified in Section 218.110.
b)
Exhaust ventilation rates shall be determined by using
the procedures specified in Section 218.105(f) (3).
124—431
84
c)
The performance of control devices shall be determined
by using the procedures specified in Section
218.105(f).
SUBPART F:
COATING OPERATIONS
Section 218.204
Emission Limitations for Manufacturing Plants
Except as provided in Section 218.208, no owner or operator of a
coating line shall apply at any time any’coating in which the VOM
content exceeds the following emission limitations for the
specified coating.
The following emission limitations are
expressed in units of VON per volume of coating (minus water and
any compounds which are specifically exempted from the definition
of VON) as applied at each coating applicator, except where
noted.
Compounds which are specifically exempted from the
definition of VON should be treated as water for the purpose of
calculating the “less water” part of the coating composition.
Compliance with this Subpart must be demonstrated through the
applicable coating analysis test methods and procedures specified
in Section 218.105(a) and the recordkeeping and reporting
requirements specified in Section 218.211(c).
(Note:
The
equation presented in Section 218.206 shall be used to calculate
emission limitations for determining compliance by add-on
controls, credits for transfer efficiency, emissions trades and
cross—line averaging.)
The emission limitations are as follows:
a)
Automobile or Light-Duty
k~/l
lb/gal
Truck Coating
1)
Prime coat
0.14
(1.2)
2)
Prime surfacer coat
0.34
(2.8)
(Note:
The prime surfacer coat limitation is based
upon a transfer efficiency of 30 percent.
The use of
transfer efficiency credits can be allowed only if
approved by the Agency and approved by the USEPA as a
SIP revision.
3)
Topcoat
1.81
(15.1)
(Note:
The topcoat limitation is in units of kg
(lbs)
of VON per 1
(gal)
of coating solids deposited.
Compliance with the limitation shall be based on the
daily-weighted average VON content from the entire
topcoat operation (all topcoat spray booths, flash-off
areas and bake ovens).
Compliance shall be
demonstrated in accordance with the topcoat protocol
for automobiles and light-duty trucks referenced in
Section 218.105(b).
Section 218.205 does not apply to
124—432
85
the topcoat limitation.)
At least 180 days prior to
the initial compliance date, the owner or operator of a
coating line subject to the topcoat limitation shall
have submitted to the USEPA a detailed proposal
specifying the method of demonstrating compliance with
the protocol.
The proposal shall have included, at a
minimum,
a comprehensive plan (including a rationale)
for determining the transfer efficiency at each booth
through the use of in-plant, or pilot testing; the
selection of coatings to be tested (for the purpose of
determining transfer efficiency)
including the
rationale for coating groupings; and the method for
determining the analytic VON content of as
appliedcoatings and the formulation solvent content of
as applied coatings.
Upon approval of the protocol by
the USEPA, the source may proceed with the compliance
demonstration.
kci/l
lb/gal
4)
Final repair coat
0.58
(4.8)
b)
Can Coating
k~/1
lb/gal
1)
Sheet basecoat and
0.34
(2.8)
overvarnish
2)
Exterior basecoat and
0.34
(2.8)
overvarnish
3)
Interior body spray coat 0.51
(4.2)
4)
Exterior end coat
0.51
(4.2)
5)
Side seam spray coat
0.66
(5.5)
6)
End sealing compound coato.44
(3.7)
ka/l
lb/gal
c)
Paper Coating
0.35
(2.9)
(Note:
The paper coating limitation shall not apply to
any owner or operator of any paper coating line on
which printing is performed if the paper coating line
complies with the emissions, limitations in Subpart H:
Printing and Publishing, Sections 218.401 through
218.404.)
ka/l
lb/~a1
d)
Coil Coating
0.31
(2.6)
124—433
86
e)
Fabric Coating
0.35
(2.9)
f)
Vinyl Coating
0.45
(3.8)
g)
Metal Furniture Coating
0.36
(3.0)
h)
Large Appliance Coating
0.34
(2.8)
(Note:
The limitation shall not apply to the use of
quick—drying lacquers for repair of scratches and nicks
that occur during assembly, provided that the volume of
coating does not exceed 0.95
1
(1 quart)
in any one
rolling eight-hour period.)
k~/l
lb/gal
i)
Magnet Wire Coating
0.20
(1.7)
j)
Miscellaneous Metal Parts and
Products Coating
1)
Clear coating
0.52
(4.3)
2)
Air—dried coating
0.42
(3.5)
3)
Extreme performance
0.42
(3.5)
coating
4)
All other coatings
0.36
(3.0)
kg/i
lb/gal
k)
Heavy Off-Highway Vehicle
Products Coating
1)
Extreme performance
0.42
(3.5)
prime coat
2)
Extreme performance top-
0.42
(3.5)
coat (air dried)
3)
Final repair coat
0.42
(3.5)
(air dried)
4)
All other coatings are subject to the emission
limitations for miscellaneous metal parts and
products coatings in subsection
(j)
above.
ku/i
lb/gal
1)
Wood Furniture Coating
124—434
87
1)
Clear topcoat
0.67
(5.6)
2)
Opaque stain
0.56
(4.7)
3)
Pigmented coat
0.60
(5.0)
4)
Repair coat
0.67
(5.6)
5)
Sealer
0.67
(5.6)
6)
Semi-transparent stain
0.79
(6.6)
7)
Wash coat
0.73
(6.1)
(Note:
An owner or operator of a wood furniture
coating operation subject to this Section shall apply
all coatings, with the exception of no more than 37.8
1
(10 gal) of coating per day used for touch-up and
repair operations, using one or more of the following
application systems:
airless spray application system,
air—assisted airless spray application system,
electrostatic spray application system, electrostatic
bell or disc spray application system, heated airless
spray application system, roller coating, brush or wipe
coating application system, or dip coating application
system.)
m)
Existing Diesel-Electric Locomotive Coating Lines in
Cook County
k~/l
lb/gal
1)
Extreme performance prime
0.42
(3.5)
coat
2)
Extreme performance top—
0.42
(3.5)
coat (air dried)
3)
Final repair coat
0.42
(3.5)
(air dried)
4)
High-temperature aluminum
0.72
(6.0)
coating
5)
All other coatings
0.36
(3.0)
Section 218.205
Daily-Weighted Average Limitations
No owner or operator of a coating line subject to the limitations
of Section 218.204 and complying by means of this Section shall
124—435
88
operate the subject coating line unless the owner or operator has
demonstrated compliance with subsection
(a),
(b),
(c),
(d),
(e)
or
(f)
(depending upon the source category) through the
applicable coating analysis test methods and procedures specified
in Section 218.105(a)
and the recordkeeping and reporting
requirements specified in Section 218.211(d):
a)
No owner or operator of a coating line subject to only
one of the limitations from among Section
218.204(a)(1),
(a)(2),
(a)(4),
(c),
(d),
(e),
(f),
(g),
(h), or
(i)
shall apply coatings on any such coating
line, during any day, whose daily-weighted average VON
content exceeds the emission limitation to which the
coatings are subject.
b)
No owner or operator of a miscellaneous metal parts and
products coating line subject to the limitations of
Section 218.204(j) shall apply coatings to
miscellaneous metal parts or products on the subject
coating line unless the requirements in subsection
(b) (1)’ or
(b) (2) below are met.
1)
For each coating line which applies multiple
coatings, all of which are subject to the same
numerical emission limitation within Section
218.204(j)
above, during the same day (e.g.,
all
coatings used on the line are subject to 0.42 kg/l
3.5
lbs/gal),
the daily-weighted average VON
content shall not exceed the coating VON content
limit corresponding to the category of coating
used, or
2)
For each coating line which applies coatings from
more than one of the four coating categories in
Section 218.204(j)
above, during the same day, the
owner or operator shall have a site—specific
proposal approved by the Agency and approved by
the USEPA as a SIP revision.
To receive approval,
the requirements of USEPA’s Emissions Trading
Policy Statement (and related policy), 51 Fed.Reg..
43814
(December 4,
1986), must be satisfied.
c)
No owner or operator of a can coating facility subject
to the limitations of Section 215.204(b)
shall operate
the subject coating facility using a coating with
a VOM
content in excess of the limitations specified in
Section 215.204(b) unless all of the following
requirements are met:
1)
An alternative daily emission limitation shall be
determined according to subsection
(c) (2)
below.
Actual daily emissions shall never exceed the
124—436
89
alternative daily emission limitation and shall be
calculated by use of the following equation.
n
Ed
=
E
V1C1
where:
Ed
=
Actual VON emissions for the day in
units of kg/day
(lbs/day),
i
=
Subscript denoting a specific coating
applied,
n
=
Total number of coatings applied in the
can coating operation,
V~
=
Volume of each coating applied for the
day in units of 1/day (gal/day)
of
coating (minus water and any compounds
which are specifically exempted from the
definition of VON),
and
C1
=
The VON content of each coating as
applied in units of kg VOM/l
(lbs
VON/gal)
of coating (minus water and any
compounds which are specifically
exempted from the definition of VON).
2)
The alternative daily emission limitation
(Ad)
shall be determined on a daily basis as follows:
Ad
=
•E
V1
L1
~
-
C~
11
(D~
—
L~)
where:
Ad
=
The VON emissions allowed for the day in~
units of kg/day (lbs/day),
i
=
Subscript denoting
a’ specific coating
applied,
n
=
Total number of surface coatings applied
in the can coating operation,
C~
=
The VON content of each surface coating
as applied in units of kg VOM/l (lbs
VON/gal)
of coating (minus water and any
compounds which are specifically
124—437
90
exempted from the definition of VON),
D1
=
The density of VON in each coating
applied.
For the purposes of
calculating
Ad,
the density is
0.882 kg VOM/1 VON (7.36 lbs VON/gal
VON),
V~
=
Volume of each surface coating applied
for the day in units of
1
(gal) of
coating (minus water and any compounds
which are specifically exempted from the
definition of VOM),
L1
=
The VON emission limitation for each
surface coating applied as specified in
Section 218.204(b)
in units of kg VON/i
(lbs VON/gal) of coating (minus water
and any compounds which are specifically
exempted from the definition of VON).
d)
No owner or operator of a heavy off—highway vehicle
products coating line subject to the limitations of
Section 218.204(k)
shall apply coatings to heavy
off-highway vehicle products on the subject coating
line unless the requirements of subsection
(d) (1) or
(d) (2) below are met.
1)
For each coating line which applies multiple
coatings, all of which are subject to the same
numerical emission limitation within Section
218.204 (k)
above, during the same day (e.g.,
all
coatings used on the line are subject to 0.42 kg/l
3.5
lbs/gal)), the daily-weighted average VON
content shall not exceed the coating VON content
limit corresponding to the category of coating
used,
or
2)
For each coating line which applies coatings
subject to more than one numerical emission
limitation in Section 218.204(k)
above, during the
same day, the owner or operator shall have a site
specific proposal approved by the Agency and
approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision.
To
receive approval, the requirements of USEPA’s
Emissions Trading Policy Statement (and related
policy) must be satisfied.
e)
No owner or operator of a wood furniture coating line
subject to the limitations of Section 218.204(1)
shall
apply coatings to wood furniture ‘on the subject coating
line unless the requirements of subsection
(e) (1)
or
124—438
91
(e) (2),
in addition to the requirements specified in
the note to Section 218.204(1), are met.
1)
For each coating line which applies multiple
coatings, all of which are subject to the same
numerical emission limitation within Section
218.204(1)
above, during the same day (e.g., all
coatings used on the line are subject to 0.67 kg/l
t5.6 lbs/gal),
the daily-weighted average VON
content shall not exceed the coating VOM content
limit corresponding to the category of coating
used, or
2)
For each coating line which applies coatings
subject to more than one numerical emission
limitation in Section 218.204(1)
above, during the
same day, the owner or operator shall have a site
specific proposal approved by the Agency and
approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision.
To
receive approval, the requirements of TJSEPA’s
Emissions Trading Policy Statement (and related
policy) must be satisfied.
f)
No owner or operator of an existing diesel-electric
locomotive coating line in Cook County, subject to the
limitations of Section 218.204(m)
shall apply coatings
to diesel—electric locomotives on the subject coating
line unless the requirements of subsection
(b) (1) or
(b) (2) are met.
1)
For each coating line which applies multiple
coatings, all of which are subject to the same
numerical emission limitation within Section
218.204(m)
above, during the same day (e.g., all
coatings used on the line are subject to 0.42 kg/i
3.5
lbs/gal),
the daily-weighted average VON
content shall not exceed the coating VON content
limit corresponding to the category of coating
used,
or
2)
For each coating line which applies coatings
subject to more than one numerical emission
limitation in Section 218.204(m)
above,
during the
same day, the owner or operator shall have a site
specific proposal approved by the Agency and
approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision.
To
receive approval, the requirements of USEPA’s
Emissions Trading Policy Statement (and related
policy) must be satisfied.
Section 218.206
Solids Basis Calculation
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92
Limitations in terms of kg
(lbs) of VON emissions per
1
(gal) of
solids as applied at each coating applicator shall be determined
by the following equation:
S
C
1
-
(C/D)
where:
S
=
The limitation on VON emissions in terms
of kg VOM/l
(lbs VON/gal) of solids,
C
=
The limitation on VON emissions in.terms
of kg/l
(lbs/gal)
of coating (minus
water and any compounds which are
specifically excluded from the
definition of VON) specified in Section
218.204,
D
=
The density of VON in the coating.
For
the purposes of calculating
S, the
density is 0.882 kg VOM/l VON (7.36 lbs
VON/gal VON).
Section 218.207
Alternative Emission Limitations
a)
Any owner or operator of a coating line subject to
Section 218.204 may comply with this Section, rather
than with Section 218.204,
if a capture system and
control device are operated at all times and the owner
or operator demonstrates compliance with subsections
(c),
(d),
(e),
(f),
(g) or
(h)
(depending upon the
source category)
through the applicable coating
analysis and capture system and control device
efficiency test methods and procedures specified in
Section 218.105 and the recordkeeping and reporting
requirements specified in Section 218.211(e); and the
control device is equipped with the applicable
monitoring equipment specified in Section 218.105(d)
and the monitoring equipment is installed, calibrated,
operated and maintained according to vendor
specifications at all times the control device is in
use.
A capture system and control device, which does
not demonstrate compliance with subsection
(C),
(d),
(e),
(f),
(g) or
(h) may be used as an alternative to
compliance with Section 218.204 only if the alternative
is approved by the Agency and approved by the USEPA as
a SIP revision.
b)
Alternative Add-On Control Methodologies
1)
The coating line is equipped with a capture system
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93
and control device that provides 81 percent
reduction in the overall emissions of VON from the
coating line and the control device has a 90
percent efficiency, or
2)
The system used to control VON from the coating
line is demonstrated to have an overall efficiency
sufficient to limit VON emissions to no more than
what is allowed under Section 218.204.
Use of any
control system other than an afterburner, carbon
adsorption,
condensation, or absorption scrubber
system can be allowed only if approved by the
Agency and approved by the USEPA as a SIP
revision.
The use of transfer efficiency credits
can be allowed only if approved by the Agency and
approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision.
Baseline
transfer efficiencies and transfer efficiency test
methods must be approved by the Agency and the
USEPA.
Such overall efficiency is to be determined as
follows:
A)
obtain the emission limitation from the
appropriate subsection in Section 218.204,
B)
calculate “S” according to the equation in
Section 218.206,
3)
calculate the overall efficiency required
according to Section 218.105(e).
For the purposes
of calculating this value, according to the
equation in Section 218.105(e) (2), VON1
is equal
to the value of “S” as determined above
in
subsection
(b) (2) (B).
c)
No owner or operator of a coating line subject to only
one of the emission limitations from among Section
218.204(a)(1),
(a)(2),
(a)(4),
(C),
(d),
(e),
(f),
(g),
(h) or
(1)
and equipped with a capture system and
control device shall operate the subject coating line
unless the requirements in subsection
(b) (1) or
(b) (2)
above are met.
No owner or operator of a coating line
subject to Section 218.204(a) (3)
and equipped with a
capture system and control device shall operate the
coating line unless the owner or operator demonstrates
compliance with the topcoat limitation in accordance
with the topcoat protocol for automobile or light-duty
trucks referenced in Section 218.105(b).
d)
No owner or operator of a miscellaneous metal parts and
products coating line which applies one or more
124—441
94
coatings during the same day, all of which are subject
to the same numerical emission limitation within
Section 218.204(j)
(e.g., all coatings used on the line
are subject to 0.42 kg/i
(3.5 lbs/gal)),
and which is
equipped with a capture system and control device shall
operate the subject coating line unless the
requirements in subsection
(b) (1) or
(b) (2) above are
met.
e)
No owner or operator of a heavy off—highway vehicle
products coating line which applies one or more
coatings during the same day, all of which are subject
to the same numerical emission limitation within
Section 218.204(k)
(e.g., all coatings used on the line
are subject to 0.42 kg/l
3.5
lbs/gal),
and which is
equipped with a capture system and control device shall
operate the subject coating line unless the
requirements in subsection
(b) (1) or
(b) (2) above are
met.
f)
No owner or operator of an existing diesel—electric
locomotive coating line in Cook County which applies
one or more coatings during the same day, all of which
are subject to the same numerical emission limitation
within Section 218.204(m)
(e.g., all coatings used on
the line are subject to 0.42 kg/l
(3.5 lbs/gal),
and
which is equipped with a capture system and control
device shall operate the subject coating line unless
the requirements in subsection
(b) (1) or
(b) (2) are
met.
g)
No owner or operator of a wood furniture coating line
which applies one or more coatings during the same day,
all of which are subject to the same numerical emission
limitation within Section 218.204(1)
(e.g., all
coatings used on the line are subject to 0.67 kg/l
5.6
lbs/gal)), and which is equipped with a capture system
and control device shall operate the subject coating
line unless the requirements in subsection
(b) (1) or
(b) (2) are met.
If compliance is achieved by meeting
the requirements in subsection
(b)(2), then the
provisions in the note to Section 218.204(1) must also
be met.
h)
No owner or operator of a can coating facility and
equipped with a capture system and control device shall
operate the subject coating facility unless the
requirements in subsection
(h) (1) or
(h) (2) below are
met.
1)
An alternative daily emission limitation shall be
determined according to Section 218.205(c) (2).
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95
Actual daily emissions shall never exceed the
alternative daily emission limitation and shall be
calculated by use of the following equation:
Ed
=
E
V1
C1
(1—F1)
where:
Ed
=
Actual VON emissions for the day in
units of kg/day (lbs/day),
i
=
Subscript denoting the specific coating
applied,
n
=
Total number of surface coatings as
applied in the can coating operation,
V1
=
Volume of each coating as applied for
the day in units of 1/day
(gal/day)
of
coating (minus water and any compounds
which are specifically exempted from the
definition of VON),
C~
=
The VON content of each coating as
applied
in units of kg VON/i
(lbs
VON/gal) of coating (minus water and any
compounds which are specifically
exempted from the definition of VON),
and
F~
=
Fraction, by weight, of VON emissions
from the surface coating, reduced or
prevented from being emitted to the
ambient air. This is the overall
efficiency of the capture system and
control device.
2)
The coating line is equipped with a capture system
and control device that provide 75 percent
reduction in the overall emissions of VON from the
coating line and the control device has a 90
percent efficiency.
Section 218.208
Exemptions From Emission Limitations
a)
Exemptions for all source categories except wood
furniture coating.
The limitations of this Subpart
shall not apply to coating lines within a facility,
that otherwise would be subject to the same subsection
of Section 218.204
(because they belong to the same
124—443
96
source category, e.g. can coating), provided that
combined actual emissions of VON from all lines at the
facility subject to that subsection never exceed
6.8 kg/day
(15 lbs/day) before the application of
capture systems and control devices.
(For example, can
coating lines within a plant would not be subject to
the limitations of Section 218.204(b)
if
the combined
actual emissions of VON from the can coating lines
never exceed 6.8 kg/day
(15 lbs/day) before the
application of capture systems and control devices.)
Volatile organic material emissions from heavy
off-highway vehicle products coating lines must be
combined with VON emissions from miscellaneous metal
parts and products coating lines to determine
applicability.
Any owner or operator of a coating
facility shall comply with the applicable coating
analysis test methods and procedures specified in
Section 218.105(a) and the recordkeeping and reporting
requirements specified in Section 218.211(a)
if
total
VON emissions from the subject coating lines are always
less than or equal to 6.8 kg/day
(15 lbs/day) before
the application of capture systems and control devices
and, therefore, are not subject to the limitations of
Section 218.204.
Once a category of coating lines at a
facility is subject to the limitations in Section
218.204, the coating lines are always subject to the
limitations in Section 218.204.
b)
Applicability for wood furniture coating
1)
The limitations of this Subpart shall apply to a
plant’s wood furniture coating lines
if
the plant
contains process emission sources,
not regulated
by Subparts B,
E, F (excluding Section
218.204(1)), H (excluding Section 218.405), Q,
R,
5,
V,
X,
Y, or
Z of this Part, which as a group
both:
A)
have maximum theoretical emissions of 91 Mg
(100 tons)
or more per calendar year of VON
if no air pollution control equipment were
used, and
B)
are not limited to less than 91 Mg
(100 tons)
of VON per calendar year if no
air pollution
control equipment were used, through
production or capacity limitations contained
in a federally enforceable construction
permit or SIP revision.
2)
If a plant ceases to fulfill the criteria of
subsection
(b)(l), the limitations of Section
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97
218.204(1)
shall continue to apply to any wood
furniture coating line which was ever subject to
the limitations of Section 218.204(1).
3)
For the purposes of subsection
(b),
an emission
source shall be considered regulated by a Subpart
if it is subject to the limitations of that
Subpart.
An emission source is not considered
regulated by a Subpart if its emissions are below
the applicability cutoff level or if the source is
covered by an exemption.
4)
Any owner or operator of a wood furniture coating
line to which the limitations of this Subpart are
not applicable due to the criteria in subsection
(b)
shall, upon request by the Agency or the
USEPA, submit records to the Agency and the USEPA
within 30 calendar days from the date of the
request that document that the coating line is
exempt from the limitations of this Subpart.
Section 218.209
Exemption From General Rule on Use of Organic
Material
No owner or operator of a coating line subject to the limitations
of Section 218.204 is required to meet the limitations of
Subpart G (Section 218.301 or 218.302) of this Part,
after the
date by which the coating line is required to meet Section
218.204.
Section 218.210
Compliance Schedule
Every owner or operator of a coating line
(of a type included
within Section 218.204)
shall comply with the requirements of
Section 218.204,
218.207 or 218.208 and Section 218.211 in
accordance with the appropriate compliance schedule as specified
in subsection
(a),
(b),
(c) or
(d) below:
a)
No owner or operator of a coating line which is exempt
from the limitations of Section 218.204 because of the
criteria in Section 218.208(a)
shall operate said
coating line on or after a date consistent with Section
218.106,
unless the owner or operator has complied
with, and continues to comply with,
Section 218.211(b).
Wood furniture coating lines are not subject to Section
218.211(b).
b)
No owner or operator of a coating line complying by
means of Section 218.204 shall operate said coating
line on or after a date consistent with Section
218.106, unless the owner or operator has complied
with,
and continues to comply with, Sections 218.204
124—445
98
and 218.211(c).
c)
No owner or operator of a coating line complying by
means of Section 218.205 shall operate said coating
line on or after a date consistent with Section
218.106, unless the owner or operator has complied
with,
and continues to comply with,
Sections 218.205
and 218.211(d).
d)
No owner or operator of a coating line complying by
means of Section 218.207 shall operate said coating
line on or after a date consistent with Section
218.106, unless the owner or operator has complied
with,
and continues to comply with,
Sections 218.207
and 218.211(e).
Section 218.211
Recordkeeping and Reporting
a)
The VON content of each coating and the efficiency of
each capture system and control device shall be
determined by the applicable test methods and
procedures specified in Section 218.105 to establish
the records required under this Section.
b)
Any owner or operator of a coating line which is
exempted from the limitations of Section 218.204
because of Section 218.208(a)
shall comply with the
following:
1)
By a date consistent with Section 218.106, the
owner or operator of a facility referenced in this
subsection shall certify to the Agency that the
facility is exempt under the provisions of Section
218.208(a).
Such certification shall include:
A)
A declaration that the facility is exempt
from the limitations of Section 218.204
because of Section 218.208(a); and
B)
Calculations which demonstrate that the
combined VOM emissions from all coating lines
at the facility never exceed 6.8 kg (15 lbs)
per day before the application of capture
systems and control devices.
The following
equation shall be used to calculate total VON
emissions:
n
Te
=
E
E
(A1 B1)~
1=1
where:
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99
Te
=
Total VOM emissions from coating lines
at a facility each day before the
application of capture systems and
control devices in units of kg/day
(lbs/day),
m
=
Number of coating lines at the
facility,
j
=
Subscript denoting an individual
coating line,
n
=
Number of different coatings as
applied each day on each coating
line at the facility,
i
=
Subscript denoting an individual
coating,
A1
=
Weight of VON per volume of each coating
(minus water and any compounds which are
specifically exempted from the
definition of VON)
as applied each day
on each coating line at the facility in
units of kg VON/i
(lbs VON/gal), and
B,
=
Volume of each coating (minus water ‘and
any compounds which are specifically
exempted from the definition of VON)
as
applied each day on each coating line at
the facility in units of 1/day
(gal/day).
The instrument or method by
which the owner or operator accurately
measured or calculated the volume of
each coating as applied on each coating
line each day shall be described in the
certification to the Agency.
2)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, the owner or operator of a facility
referenced in this subsection shall collect and
record all of the following information each day
for each coating line and maintain the information
at the facility for a period of three years:
A)
The name and identification number of each
coating as applied on each coating line.
B)
The weight of VOM per volume and the volume
of each coating
(minus water and any
compounds which are specifically exempted
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100
from the definition of VON) as applied each
day on each coating line.
3)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, the owner or operator of a facility
exempted from the limitations of Section 218.204
because of Section 218.208(a)
shall notify the
Agency of any record showing that total VON
emissions from the coating facility exceed 6.8 kg
(15 lbs)
in any day before the application of
capture systems and control devices by sending a
copy of such record to the Agency within
30 days
after the exceedance occurs.
c)
Any owner or operator of a coating line subject to the
limitations of Section 218.204 and complying by means
of Section 218.204 shall comply with the following:
1)
By a date consistent with Section 218.106, or upon
initial start—up of a new coating line, or upon
ohanging the method of compliance from an existing
subject coating line from Section 218.205 or
Section 218.207 to Section 218.204; the owner or
operator of a subject coating line shall certify
to the Agency that the coating line will be in’
compliance with Section 218.204 on and after a
date consistent with Section 218.106, or on and
after the initial start-up date.
Such
certification shall include:
A)
The name and identification number of each
coating as applied on each coating line.
B)
The weight of VOM per volume of each coating
(minus water and any compounds which are
specifically exempted from the definition of
VOM)
as applied each day on each coating
line.
C)
For coating lines subject to Section
218.204 (a) (3), certification shall include:
i)
The name and identification number of
each coating line which will comply by
means of Section 218.204(a) (3),
ii)
The name and identification number of
each coating as applied on each coating
line,
iii) The weight of VON per volume of each
coating as applied on each coating line,
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101
iv)
The instrument or method by which the
owner or operator will accurately
measure or calculate the volume of each
coating as applied each day on each
coating line,
v)
The method by which the owner or
operator will create and maintain
records each day as required in
subsection
(C)
(2) below for coating
lines subject to Section 218.204(a) (3),
vi)
An example format in which the records
required in subsection
(c) (2) below for
coating lines subject to Section
218.204 (a) (3).
2)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, or on and after the initial start-up
date, the owner or operator of a coating line
subject to the limitations of Section 218.204 and
complying by means of Section 218.204 shall
collect and record all of the following
information each day for each coating line and
maintain the information at the facility for
a
period of three years:
A)
The name and identification number of each
coating as applied on each coating line.
B)
The weight of VON per volume of each coating
(minus water and any compounds which are
specifically exempted from the definition of
VON)
as applied each day on each coating
line.
C)
For coating lines subject to Section
218.204(a) (3), the owner or operator shall
maintain all records necessary to calculate
the daily-weighted average VON content from
the coating line in accordance with the
proposal submitted, and approved by the
USEPA, pursuant to Section 218.204(a) (3).
3)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, the owner or operator of a subject
coating line shall notify the Agency in the
following instances:
A)
Any record showing violation of Section
218.204 shall be reported by sending a copy
124—44 9
102
of such record to the Agency within 30 days
following the occurrence of the violation,
except that any record showing a violation of
Section 218.204(a) (3)
shall be reported by
sending a copy of such record to the Agency
within 15 days from the end of the month in
which the violation occurred.
B)
At least 30 calendar days before changing the
method of compliance with Section 218.204
from Section 218.204 to Section 218.205 or
Section 218.207, the owner or operator shall
comply with all requirements of subsection
(d) (1) or
(e) (1) below,
respectively.
Upon
changing the method of compliance with
Section 218.204 from Section 218.204 to
Section 218.205 or Section 218.207, the owner
or operator shall comply with all
requirements of subsection
(d) or
(e),
respectively.
C)
For coating lines subject to Section
218.204(a) (3), the owner or operator shall
notify the Agency of any change to the
topcoating operation at least 30 days before
the change is effected.
The Agency shall
determine whether or not recertification
testing is required.
If the Agency
determines that recertification testing is
required, then the owner or operator shall
submit a proposal to the Agency to test
within 30 days and retest within 30 days of
the Agency’s approval of the proposal.
d)
Any owner or operator of a coating line subject to the
limitations of Section 218.204 and complying by means
of Section 218.205 shall comply with the following:
1)
By a date consistent with Section 218.106, or upon
initial start—up of a new coating line,
or upon
changing the method of compliance for an existing
subject coating line from Section 218.204 or
Section 218.207 to Section 218.205; the owner or
operator of the subject coating line shall certify
to the Agency that the coating line will be in
compliance with Section 218.205 on and after a
date consistent with Section 218.106, or on and
after the initial start-up date.
Such
certification shall include:
A)
The name and identification number of each
coating line which will comply by means of
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103
Section 218.205.
B)
The name and identification number of each
coating as applied on each coating line.
C)
The weight of VON per volume and the volume
of each coating (minus water and any
compounds which are specifically exempted
from the definition of VON)
as applied each
day on each coating line.
D)
The instrument or method by which the owner
or operator will accurately measure or
calculate the volume of each coating as
applied each day on each coating line.
E)
The method by which the owner or operator
will create and maintain records each day as
required in subsection
(d) (2).
F)
An example of the format in which the records
required in subsection
(d) (2) will be kept.
2)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, or on and after the initial start-up
date, the owner or operator of a coating line
subject to the limitations of Section 218.204 and
complying by means of Section 218.205,
shall
collect and record all of the following
information each day for each coating line and
maintain the information at the facility for a
period of three years:
A)
The name and identification number of each
coating as applied on each coating line.
B)
The weight of VON per volume and the volume
of each coating (minus water and any
compounds which are specifically exempted
from the definition of VON)
as applied each
day on each coating line.
C)
The daily-weighted average VOM content of all
coatings as applied on each coating line as
defined in Section 218.104.
3)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, the owner or operator of a subject
coating line shall notify the Agency in the
following instances:
A)
Any record showing violation of Section
124—451
104
218.205 shall be reported by sending a copy
of such record to the Agency within 30 days
following the occurrence of the violation.
B)
At least 30 calendar days before changing the
method of compliance with this subpart from
Section 218.205 to Section 218.204 or Section
218.207, the owner or operator shall comply
with all requirements of subsection
(c) (1) or
(e) (1), respectively.
Upon changing the
method of compliance with this subpart from
Section 218.205 to Section 218.204 or Section
218.207, the owner or operator shall comply
with all requirements of subsection
(c) or
(e), respectively.
e)
Any owner or operator of a coating line subject to the
limitations of Section 218.207 and complying by means
of Section 218.207(c),
(d),
(e),
(f),
(g) or
(h)
shall
comply with the following:
1)
By a date consistent with Section 218.106, or upon
initial start—up of a new coating line,
or upon
changing the method of compliance for an existing
coating line from Section 218.204 or Section
218.205 to Section 218.207, the owner or operator
of the subject coating line shall perform all
tests and submit to the Agency the results of all
tests and calculations necessary to demonstrate
that the subject coating line will be in
compliance with Section 218.207 on and after a
date consistent with Section 218.106, or on and
after the initial start-up date.
2)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, or on and after the initial start-up
date,
the owner or operator of a coating line
subject to the limitations of Section 218.207 and
complying by means of Section 218.207(c),
(d),
(e),
(f),
(g), or
(h)
shall collect and record all
of the following information each day for each
coating line and maintain the information at the
facility for a period of three years:
A)
The weight of VOM per volume of coating
solids as applied each day on each coating
line,
if complying pursuant ‘to Section
218.207(b) (2).
B)
Control device monitoring data.
C)
A log of operating time for the capture
124—452
105
system,
control device, monitoring equipment
and the associated coating line.
D)
A maintenance log for the capture system,
control device and monitoring equipment
detailing all routine and non—routine
maintenance performed including dates and
duration of any outages.
3)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, the owner or operator of a subject
coating line shall notify the Agency in the
following instances:
A)
Any record showing violation of Section
218.207 shall be reported by sending a copy
of such record to the Agency within 30 days
following the occurrence of the violation.
B)
At least 30 calendar days before changing the
method of compliance with this Subpart from
Section 218.207 to Section 218.204 or Section
218.205, the owner or operator shall comply
with all requirements of subsection
(c) (1)
or
(d) (1)
of this Section, respectively.
Upon
changing the method of compliance with this
subpart from Section 218.207 to Section
218.204 or Section 218.205, the owner or
operator shall comply with all requirements
of subsection
(c) or
(d) of this Section,
respectively.
SUBPART G:
USE OF ORGANIC MATERIAL
Section
218.301
Use of Organic Material
No person shall cause or allow the discharge of more than 3.6
kg/hr
(8 lbs/hr) of organic material into the atmosphere from any
emission source, except as provided in Sections 218.302, 218.303,
218.304 and the following exception:
If no odor nuisance exists
the limitation of this Subpart shall apply only to
photochemically reactive material.
Section 218.302
Alternative Standard
Emissions of organic material in excess of those permitted by
Section 218.301 are allowable if such emissions are controlled by
one of the following methods:
a)
Flame,
thermal or catalytic incineration so as either
to reduce such emissions to 10 ppm equivalent methane
(molecular weight 16) or less,
or to convert 85 percent
12 4—453
106
of the hydrocarbons to carbon dioxide and water;
or,
b)
A vapor recovery system which adsorbs and/or condenses
at least 85 percent of the total uncontrolled organic
material that would otherwise be emitted to the
atmosphere;
or,
c)
Any other air pollution control equipment approved by
the Agency and approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision
capable of reducing by 85 percent or more the
uncontrolled organic material that would be otherwise
emitted to the atmosphere.
Section 218.303
Fuel Combustion Emission Sources
The provisions of Sections 218.301 and 218.302 shall not apply to
fuel combustion emission sources.
Section 218.304
Operations with Compliance Program
The provisions of Sections 218.301 and 218.302
shall not apply to
any owner, operator, user or manufacturer of paint, varnish,
lacquer, coatings or printing ink whose compliance program and
project completion schedule, as required by 35 Ill. Adm. Code
201, provided for the reduction of organic material used in such
process to 20 percent or less of total volume by May 30,
1977.
SUBPART H:
PRINTING
AND
PUBLISHING
Section 218.401
Flexographic and Rotogravure Printing
a)
No owner or operator of a subject flexographic,
packaging rotogravure or publication rotogravure
printing line shall apply at any time any coating or
ink unless the VON content does not exceed the
limitation specified in either subsection
(a) (1) or
(a) (2)
below.
Compliance with this Section must be
demonstrated through the applicable coating or ink
analysis test methods and procedures specified in
Section 218.105(a)
and the recordkeeping and reporting
requirements specified in Section 218.404(c).
As an
alternative to compliance with this subsection,
a
subject printing line may meet the requirements of
subsection
(b) or
(c)
below.
1)
Forty percent VON by volume of the coating and ink
(minus water and any compounds which are
specifically exempted from the definition of VON),
or
2)
Twenty-five percent VON by volume of the volatile
content in the coating and ink.
124—454
107
b)
No owner or operator of a subject flexographic,
packaging rotogravure or publication rotogravure
printing line shall apply coatings or inks on the
subject printing line unless the weighted average, by
volume, VOM content of all coatings and inks as applied
each day on the subject printing line does not exceed
the limitation specified in either subsection
(a) (1)
(as determined by subsection
(b)(1)) or subsection
(a)(2)
(as determined by subsection (b)(2)).
Compliance with this subsection must be demonstrated
through the applicable coating or ink analysis test
methods and procedures specified in Section 218.105(a)
and the recordkeeping and reporting requirements
specified in Section 218.404(d).
1)
The following equation shall be used to determine
if the weighted average VON content of all
coatings and inks as applied each day on the
subject printing line exceeds the limitation
specified in subsection
(a) (1).
n
E
C1L~ (V~i
+
VvOMi)
i=i
VOM(i) (A)
=
__________________________
n
S
L1(V~i
+
V~OMi)
Where:
VON~i)(A)
=
The weighted average VON content in
units of percent VON by volume of
all coatings and inks
(minus water
and any compounds which are
specifically exempted from the
definition of VON) used each day,
i
=
Subscript denoting a specific
coating or ink as applied,
n
=
The number of different coatings
and/or inks as applied each day on
a printing line,
C,
=
The VON content in units of percent
VON by volume of each coating or
ink as applied
(minus water and any
compounds which are specifically
exempted from the definition of
VON),
124—455
108
The liquid volume of each coating
or ink as applied in units of 1
(gal),
V~i
=
The volume fraction of solids in
each coating or ink as applied, and
VvONi
=
The volume fraction of VON in each
coating or ink as applied.
2)
The following equation shall be used to determine
if the weighted average VON content of all
coatings and inks as applied each day on the
subject printing line exceeds the limitation
specified in subsection
(a) (2).
n
E
C~L1VVN1
VON~i)(B)
=
__________
a
E
LIVVMi
1=1
where:
VOM(i) (B)
=
The weighted average VON content in
units of percent VON by volume of
the volatile content of all
coatings and inks used each day,
i
=
Subscript denoting a specific
coating or ink as applied,
The number of different coatings
and/or inks as applied each day on
each printing line,
C1
=
The VON content in units of percent
VON by volume of the volatile
matter in each coating or ink as
applied,
The liquid volume of each coating
or ink as applied in units of 1
(gal), and
VVMi
=
The volume fraction of volatile
matter in each coating or ink as
applied.
c)
No owner or operator of a subject flexographic,
124—456
109
packaging rotogravure or publication rotogravure
printing line equipped with a capture system and
control device shall operate the subject printing line
unless the owner or operator meets the requirements in
subsection
(c) (1),
(c) (2), or
(c) (3) and subsections
(c)(4),
(c)(5) and (c)(6) below.
1)
A carbon adsorption system is used which reduces
the captured VON emissions by at least 90 percent
by weight, or
2)
An incineration system is used which reduces the
captured VON emissions by at least 90 percent by
weight, or
3)
An alternative VON emission reduction system is
used which is demonstrated to have at least a
90 percent control device efficiency,
approved by
the Agency and approved by USEPA as a SIP
revision, and
4)
The printing line is equipped with a capture
system and control device that provides an overall
reduction in VON emissions of at least:
A)
75 percent where a publication rotogravure
printing line is employed, or
B)
65 percent where a packaging rotogravure
printing line is employed, or
C)
60 percent where a flexographic printing line
is employed, and
4)
The control device is equipped with the applicable
monitoring equipment specified in Section
218.105(d) (2) and the monitoring equipment is
installed, calibrated, operated and maintained
according to vendor specifications at all times
the control device is in use,,
and
5)
The capture system and control device are operated
at all times when the subject printing line is in
operation.
The owner or operator shall
demonstrate compliance with this subsection by
using the applicable capture system and control
device test methods and procedures specified in
Section 218.105(c) through Section 218.105(f)
and
by complying with the recordkeeping and reporting
requirements specified in Section 218.404(e).
Section 218.402
Applicability
124—457
110
a)
The limitations of Section 218.401 apply to all
flexographic and rotogravure printing lines at a
subject facility.
All facilities with flexographic
and/or rotogravure printing lines are subject
facilities unless:
1)
Total maximum theoretical emissions of VOM from
all flexographic and rotogravure printing line(s)
at the facility never exceed 90.7 Mg (100 tons)
per calendar year before the application of
capture systems and control devices, or
2)
A federally enforceable construction permit or SIP
revision for all flexographic and rotogravure
printing line(s)
at a facility requires the owner
or operator to limit production or capacity of
these printing line(s) to reduce total VON
emissions from all flexographic and rotogravure
printing line(s) to 90.7 Mg
(100 tons)
or less per
calendar year before the application of capture
systems and control devices.
b)
Upon achieving compliance with this Subpart, the
emission source is not required to meet Subpart G
(Sections 218.301 or 218.302).
Emission sources exempt
from this Subpart are subject to Subpart G (Sections
218.301 or 215.802).
Rotogravure or flexographic
equipment used for both roll printing and paper coating
is subject to this Subpart.
c)
Once subject to the limitations of Section 218.401,
a
flexographic or rotogravure printing line is always
subject to the limitations of Section 218.401.
d)
Any owner or operator of any flexographic or
rotogravure printing line that is exempt from the
limitations of Section 218.401 because of the criteria
in this Section is subject to the recordkeeping and
reporting requirements specified in Section 218.404(b).
Section 218.403
Compliance Schedule
Every owner or operator of a flexographic and/or rotogravure
printing line shall comply with the applicable requirements of
Section 218.401 and Section 218.404 in accordance with the
applicable compliance schedule specified in subsection
(a),
(b),
(c) or
(d)
below:
a)
No owner or operator of a flexographic or rotogravure
printing line which is exempt from the limitations of
Section 218.401 because of the criteria in Section
124—458
11.
218.402 shall operate said printing line on or after a
date consistent with Section 218.106, unless the owner
or operator has complied with, and continues to comply
with,
Section 218.404(b).
b)
No owner or operator of a flexographic or rotogravure
printing line complying by means of Section 218.401(a)
shall operate said printing line on or after a date
consistent with Section 218.106, unless the owner or
operator has complied with,
and continues to comply
with, Section 218.401(a) and Section 218.404(c).
c)
No owner or operator of a flexographic or rotogravure
printing line complying by means of Section 218.401(b)
shall operate said printing line on or after a date
consistent with Section 218.106, unless the owner or
operator has complied with, and continues to comply
with, Section 218.401(b)
and Section 218.404(d).
d)
No owner or operator of a flexographic or rotogravure
printing line complying by means of Section 218.401(c)
shall operate said printing line on or after a date
consistent with Section 218.106, unless the owner or
operator has complied with, and continues to comply
with, Section 218.401(c)
and Section 218.404(e).
Section 218.404
Recordkeeping and Reporting
a)
The VON content of each coating and ink and the
efficiency of eachcapture system and control device
shall be determined by the applicable test methods and
procedures specified in Section 218.105 to establish
the records required under this Section.
b)
Any owner or operator of a printing line which
is
exempted from the limitations of Section 218.401
because of the criteria in Section 218.402 shall comply
with the following:
1)
By a date consistent with Section 218.106, the
owner or operator of a facility to which this
subsection is applicable shall certify to the
Agency that the facility is exempt under the
provisions of Section 218.402.
Such certification
shall include:
A)
A declaration that the facility is exempt
from the limitations of the criteria in
Section 218.401 because of Section 218.402,
and
B)
Calculations which demonstrate that total
124—459
112
maximum theoretical emissions of VON from all
flexographic and rotogravure printing lines
at the facility never exceed 90.7 Mg
(100 tons) per calendar year before the
application of capture systems and control
devices.
Total maximum theoretical emissions
of VON for a flexographic or rotogravure
printing facility is the sum of maximum
theoretical emissions of VON from each
flexographic and rotogravure printing line at
the facility.
The following equation Shall
be used to calculate total maximum
theoretical emissions of VON per calendar
year before the application of capture
systems and control devices for each
flexographic and rotogravure printing line at
the facility:
E~
=
A x B
where:
E~
=
Total maximum theoretical emissions of
VON from one flexographic or rotogravure
printing line in units of kg/year
(lbs/year),
A
=
Weight of VON per volume of solids of
the coating or ink with the highest VON
content as applied each year on the
printing line in units of kg VON/i
(lbs
VON/gal)
of coating or ink solids, and
B
=
Total volume of solids for all coatings
and inks that can potentially be applied
each year on the printing line in units
of 1/year (gal/year).
The instrument
and/or method by which the owner or
operator accurately measured or
calculated the volume of each coating
and ink as applied and the amount that
can potentially be applied each year on
the printing line shall be described in
the certification to the Agency.
2)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, the owner or operator of a facility
referenced in this subsection shall collect and
record all of the following information each year
for each printing line and maintain the
information at the facility for a period of three
124—460
113
years:
A)
The name and identification number of each
coating and ink as applied on each printing
line.
B)
The VON content and”the volume of each
coating and ink as applied each year on each
printing line.
3)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, the owner or operator of a facility
exempted from the limitations of Section 218.401
because of the criteria in Section 218.402 shall
notify the Agency of any record showing that total
maximum theoretical emissions of VON from all
printing lines exceed 90.7 Mg
(100 tons)
in any
calendar year before the application of capture
systems and control devices by sending a copy of
such record to the Agency within 30 days after the
exceedance occurs.
c)
Any owner or operator of a printing line subject to the
limitations of Section 218.401 and complying by means
of Section 218.401(a)
shall comply with the following:
1)
By a date consistent with Section 218.106, or upon
initial start-up of a new printing line, or upon
changing the method of compliance from an existing
subject printing line from Section 218.401(b)
or
Section 218.401(c)
to Section 218.401(a),
the
owner or operator of a subject printing line shall
certify to the Agency that the printing line will
be in compliance with Section 218.401(a)
on and
after
a date consistent with Section 218.106, or
on and after the initial start-up date.
Such
certification shall include:
A)
The name and identification number of each
coating and ink as applied on each printing
line.
B)
The VON content of each coating and ink as
applied each day on each printing line.
2)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, or on and after the initial start-up
date,
the owner or operator of a printing line
subject to the limitations of Section 218.401 and
complying by means of Section 218.401(a)
shall
collect and record all of the following
information each day for each coating line and
124—46 1
114
maintain the information at the facility for a
period of three years:
A)
The name and identification number of each
coating and ink as applied on each printing
line.
B)
The VOM content of each coating and ink as
applied each day on each printing line.
3)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, the owner or operator of a subject
printing line shall notify the Agency in the
following instances:
A)
Any record showing violation of Section
218.401(a)
shall be reported by sending a
copy of such record to the Agency within 30
days following the occurrence of the
violation.
B)
At least 30 calendar days before changing the
method of compliance with Section 218.401
from Section 218.401(a) to Section 218.401.(b)
or
(c), the owner or operator shall comply
with all requirements of subsection
(b) (1) or
(c) (1), respectively.
Upon changing the
method of compliance with Section 218.401
from Section 218.401(a)
to Section 218.401(b)
or (c), the owner or operator shall comply
with all requirements of subsection
(b)
or
(c), respectively.
d)
Any owner or operator of a printing line subject to the
limitations of Section 218.401 and complying by means
of Section 218.401(b)
shall comply with the following:
1)
By a date consistent with Section 218.106, or upon
initial start-up of a new printing line, or upon
changing the method of compliance for an existing
subject printing line from Section 218.401(a)
or
(c) to Section 218
•
401(b), the owner or operator
of the subject printing line shall certify to the
Agency that the printing line will be in
compliance with Section 218.401(b)
on and after a
date consistent with Section 218.106, or on and
after the initial start-up date.
Such
certification shall include:
A)
The name and identification number of each
printing line which will comply by means of
Section 218.401(b).
124—462
115
B)
The name and identification number of each
coating and ink available for use on each
printing line.
C)
The VON content of each coating and ink as
applied each day on each printing line.
D)
The instrument or method by which the owner
or operator will accurately measure or
calculate the volume of each coating and ink
as applied each day on each printing line.
E)
The method by which the owner or operator
will create and maintain records each day as
required in subsection
(b) (2).
F)
An example of the format in which the records
required in subsection
(b) (2) will be kept.
2)
On and after
a date consistent with Section
218.106, or on and after the initial start-up
date,
the owner or operator of a printing line
subject to the limitations of Section 218.401 and
complying by means of Section 218.401(b)
shall
collect and record all of the following
information each day for each printing line and
maintain the information at the facility for a
period of three years:
A)
The name and identification number of each
coating and ink as applied on each printing
line.
B)
The VON content and the volume of each
coating and ink as applied each day on each
printing line.
C)
The daily-weighted average VON content of all
coatings and inks as applied on each printing
line.
3)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, the owner or operator of a subject
printing line shall notify the Agency in the
following instances:
A)
Any record showing violation of Section
218.401(b)
shall be reported by sending a
copy of such record to the Agency within 30
days following the occurrence of the
violation.
124—463
116
B)
At least 30 calendar days before changing the
method of compliance with Section 218.401
from Section 218.401(b)
to Section 218.401(a)
or 218
•
401(c), the owner or operator shall
comply with all requirements of subsection
(c) (1)
or
(e) (1), respectively.
Upon
changing the method of compliance with
Section 218.401 from Section 218.401(b)
to
Section 218.401(a)
or
(c), the owner or
operator shall comply with all requirements
of subsection
(c) or
(e), respectively.
e)
Any owner or operator of a printing line subject to the
limitations of Section 218.401 and complying by means
of Section 218.401(c)
shall comply with the following:
1)
By a date consistent with Section 218.106, or upon
initial start-up of a new printing line, or upon
changing the method of compliance for an existing
printing line from Section 218.401(a)
or
(b) to
Section 218.401(c),
the owner or operator of the
subject printing line shall perform all tests and
submit to the Agency the results of all tests and
calculations necessary to demonstrate that the
subject printing line will be in compliance with
Section 218.401(c)
on and after a date consistent
with Section 218.106, or on and after the initial
start—up date.
2)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, or on and after the initial start-up
date,
the owner or operator of a printing line
subject to the limitations of Section 218.401 and
complying by means of Section 218.401(c)
shall
collect and record all of the following
information each day for each printing line and
maintain the information at the facility for
a
period of three years:
A)
Control device monitoring data.
B)
A log of operating time for the capture
system, control device, monitoring equipment
and the associated printing line.
C)
A maintenance log for the capture system,
control device and monitoring equipment
detailing all routine and non-routine
maintenance performed including dates and
duration of any outages.
124—464
117
3)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, the owner or operator of a subject
printing line shall notify the Agency in the
following instances:
A)
Any
record showing violation of Section
218.401(c),
shall be reported by sending a
copy of such record to the Agency within 30
days following the occurrence of the
violation.
B)
At least 30 calendar days before changing the
method of compliance with Section 218.401
from Section 218.401(c)
to Section 218.401(a)
or
(b), the owner or operator s1’~allcomply
with all requirements of subsection
(C) (1)
or
(d) (1), respectively.
Upon changing the
method of compliance with Section 218.401
from Section 218.401(c) to Section 218.401(a)
or
(b), the owner or operator shall comply
with all requirements of subsection
(C)
or
(d), respectively.
Section 218.405
Heatset-Web-Offset Lithographic Printing
a)
Applicability
1)
The limitations of subsection
(b) below apply to
all heatset-web-offset lithographic printing lines
at a subject facility.
All facilities with
heatset—web-offset lithographic printing lines are
subject facilities unless:
A)
Total maximum theoretical emissions of VON
from all heatset-web-offset lithographic
printing lines at the facility never exceed
90.7 Mg (100 tons) per calendar year in the
absence of air pollution control equipment,
or
B)
A federally enforceable construction permit
or SIP revision for all heatset—web—offset
lithographic printing lines(s)
at a facility
requires the owner or operator to limit
production or capacity of these printing
line(s) to reduce total VON emissions from
all heatset-web-offset lithographic printing
line(s)
to 90.7 Mg
(100 tons) per calendar
year or less in the absence of air pollution
control equipment,
and
2)
Any owner or operator of any heatset—web—offset
124—465
118
lithographic printing line that is exempt from the
limitations in subsection
(b) because of the
criteria in subsection
(a) (1)
shall be subject to
the recordkeeping and reporting requirements in
subsection
(c) (1).
b)
Specific Provisions.
No owner or operator of a subject
heatset-web- offset printing line may cause or allow
the operation of the subject heatset-web-offset
printing line unless the owner or operator meets the
requirements in subsection
(b) (1) or
(b) (2) and the
requirements in subsections
(b) (3) and
(b) (4) below.
1)
An afterburner system is installed and operated
that reduces 90 percent of the VON emissions from
the dryer exhaust, or
2)
The fountain solution contains no more than
8 percent, by weight,
of VON and a condensation
recovery system is installed and operated that
removes at least 75 percent of the non—isopropyl
alcohol organic materials from the dryer exhaust,
and
3)
The control device is equipped with the applicable
monitoring equipment specified in Section
218.105(d) (2) and the monitoring equipment is
installed, calibrated, operated and maintained
according to vendor specifications at all times
the control device
is in use, and
4)
The control device is operated at all times when
the subject printing line is in operation.
The
owner or operator shall demonstrate compliance
with this Section by using the applicable test
methods and procedures specified in Section
218.105(a),
(ci), and
(f) and by complying with the
recordkeeping and reporting requirements specified
in subsection
(c)
below.
c)
Recordkeeping and Reporting.
The VON content of each
fountain solution and ink and
the
efficiency of each
control device shall be determined by the applicable
test methods and procedures specified in Section
218.105 to establish the records required under this
subsection.
1)
Any owner or operator of a printing line which is
exempted from the limitations of subsection
(b)
because of the criteria in subsection
(a)
shall
comply with the following:
124—466
119
A)
By a date consistent with Section 218.106,
the owner or operator of a facility to which
subsection
(c)(1)
is applicable shall certify
to the Agency that the facility is exempt
under the provisions of subsection
(a).
Such
certification shall include:
i)
A declaration that the facility is
exempt from the limitations of
subsection
(b) because of the criteria
in subsection
(a), and
ii)
Calculations which demonstrate that
total maximum theoretical emissions of
VON from all heatset-web-offset
lithographic printing lines at the
facility never exceed ‘90.7 Mg (100 tons)
per calendar year before the application
of air pollution control equipment.
Total maximum theoretical emissions of
VON for a heatset-web-offset
lithographic printing facility is the
sum of maximum theoretical emissions of
VON from each heatset-web-offset
lithographic printing line at the
facility.
The following equation shall
be used to calculate total maximum
theoretical emissions of VON per
calendar year in the absence of air
pollution control equipment for each
heatset-web—offset lithographic printing
line at the facility.
E
=
(A x B)
+
(C x D)
p
100
where:
E~
=
Total
maximum
theoretical
emissions
of VOM from one heatset—web-offset
printing line in units of kg/year
(lbs/year),
A
=
Weight of VON per volume of solids
of ink with the highest VON content
as applied each year on the
printing line in units of kg VON/i
(lbs VON/gal) of solids, and
B
=
Total volume of solids for all inks
that can potentially be applied
each year on the printing line in
124—467
120
units of 1/year (gal/year).
The
instrument or method by which the
owner or operator accurately
measured or calculated the volume
of each ink as applied and the
amount that can potentially be
applied each year on the printing
line shall be described in the
certification to the Agency.
C
=
The weight percent VON of the
fountain solution with the highest
VON content.
D
=
The total volume of fountain
solution that can potentially be
used each year on the printing line
in units of 1/year (gal/year).
The
instrument and/or method by which
the owner or operator accurately
measured or calculated the volume
of each fountain solution used and
the amount that can potentially be
used each year on the printing line
shall be described in the
certification to the Agency.
B)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, the owner or operator of a facility
to which subsection
(c) (1)
is applicable
shall collect and record all of the following
information each year for each printing line
and maintain the information at the facility
for a period of three years:
1)
The name and identification of each
fountain solution and ink as applied on
each printing line.
ii)
The VON content and the volume of each
fountain solution and ink as applied
each year on each printing line.
C)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, the owner or operator of a facility
exempted from the limitations of subsection
(b) because of the criteria in subsection
(a)
shall notify the Agency of any record showing
that total maximum theoretical emissions of
VON from all printing lines exceed 90.7 Mg
(100 tons) in any calendar year in the
absence of air pollution control equipment by
124—468
121
sending a copy of such record to the Agency
within 30 days after the exceedance occurs.
2)
Any
owner or operator of a printing line subject
to the limitations of subsection
(b) and complying
by means of subsection
(b) (1) shall comply with
the following:
A)
By a date consistent with Section 218.106,
or
upon initial start-up of a new printing line,
or upon changing the method of compliance for
an existing printing line from subsection
(b) (2) to subsection
(b) (1); the owner or
operator of the subject printing line shall
perform all tests and submit to the Agency
the results of all tests and calculations
necessary to demonstrate that the subject
printing line will be in compliance with
subsection
(b) (1)
on and after a date
consistent with Section 218.106, or on ‘and
after the initial start-up date.
B)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, or on and after the initial start—up
date,
the owner or operator of a printing
line subject to the limitations of subsection
(b) and complying by means of subsection
(b) (1)
shall collect and record the following
information each day for each printing line
and maintain the information at the facility
for a period of three years:
i)
Control device monitoring data.
ii)
A log of operating time for the control
device, monitoring equipment and the
associated printing line.
iii) A maintenance log for the control device
and monitoring equipment detailing all
routine and nonroutine maintenance
performed including dates and duration
of any outages.
C)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, the owner or operator of a subject
printing line shall notify the Agency in the
following instances:
i)
Any record showing violation of
subsection
(b) (1)
shall be reported by
sending a copy of such record to the
124—469
122
Agency within 30 days following the
occurrence of the violation.
ii)
At least 30 calendar days before
changing the method of compliance with
subsection
(b) from subsection
(b) (1) to
(b) (2), the owner or operator shall
comply with all requirements of
subsection
(c) (3) (A).
Upon changing the
method of compliance with subsection
(b)
from subsection
(b) (1) to
(b) (2), the
owner or operator shall comply with all
requirements of subsection
(c) (3).
3)
Any owner or operator of a printing line subject
to the limitations of subsection
(b) and complying
by means of subsection
(b) (2)
shall comply with
the following:
A)
By a date consistent with Section 218.106, or
upon initial start-up of a new printing line,
or upon changing the method of compliance for
an existing printing line from subsection
(b) (1) to
(b) (2); the owner or operator of
the subject printing line shall perform all
tests and submit to the Agency and the USEPA
the results of all tests and calculations
necessary to demonstrate that the subject
printing line will be in compliance with
subsection
(b) (2) on and after a date
consistent with Section 218.106, or on and
after the initial start—up date.
B)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, or on and after the initial start-up
date, the owner or operator of a printing
line subject to the limitations of subsection
(b) and complying by means of subsection
(b) (2)
shall collect and record the following
information each day for each printing line
and maintain the information at the facility
for a period of three years:
i)
The VON content of the fountain solution
used each day on each printing line.
ii)
A log of operating time for the control
device and the associated printing line.
iii) A maintenance log for the control device
detailing all routine and non-routine
maintenance performed including dates
124—470
123
and duration of any outages.
C)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, the owner or operator of a subject
printing line shall notify the Agency in the
following instances:
i)
Any record showing violation of
subsection
(b) (2)
shall be reported by
sending a copy of such record to the
Agency within 30 days following the
occurrence of the violation.
ii)
At least 30 calendar days before
changing the method of compliance with
subsection
(b)
from subsection
(b) (2) to
(b) (1), the owner or operator shall
comply with all requirements of
subsection
(c) (2) (A).
Upon changing the
method of compliance with subsection
(b)
from subsection
(b) (2) to
(b) (1), the
owner or operator shall comply with all
requirements of subsection
(c) (2).
d)
Compliance Schedule.
Every owner or operator of a
heatset-web-offset lithographic printing line shall
comply with the applicable requirements of subsections
(b) and
(c)
in accordance with the applicable
compliance schedule specified in subsection
(d) (1),
(d) (2), or
(d) (3) below:
1)
No owner or operator of a heatset—web-offset
lithographic printing line which is exempt from
the limitations of subsection
(b) because of the
criteria in subsection
(a)
shall operate said
printing line on or after a date consistent with
Section 218.106, unless the owner or operator has
complied with, and continues to comply with,
subsection
(b)(1)
and
(c)(1).
2)
No owner or operator of a heatset—web-offset
lithographic printing line complying by means of
subsection
(b) (1)
shall operate said printing line
on or after a date consistent with Section
218.106, unless the owner or operator has complied
with, and continues to comply with, subsection
(b) (2) and
(C)
(2).
3)
No owner or operator of a heatset—web-offset
lithographic printing line complying by means of
subsection
(b) (2)
shall operate said printing line
on or after a date consistent with Section
124—47
1
124
218.106, unless the owner or operator has complied
with,
and continues to comply with,
subsection
(c) (3).
SUBPART Q:
LEAKS
FROM SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICAL
AND
POLYMER MANUFACTURING EQUIPMENT
Section 218.421
General Requirements
The owner or operator of a plant which processes more than 3660
mg/yr
(4033 tons/~year) gaseous and light liquid VOM, and whose
components are used to manufacture the synthetic organic
chemicals or polymers listed in Appendix A,
shall comply with
this Subpart.
The provisions of this Subpart are applicableto
components containing 10 percent or more by weight VON as
determined by ASTN method E-168, E-169 and E-260,
incorporated by
reference in Section 218.112.
Those components that are not
process unit components are exempt from this Subpart.
A
component shall be considered to be leaking if the VOM is equal
to, or is greater than 10,000 ppmv as methane or hexane as
determined by USEPA Reference Method 21, as specified at 40 CFR
60, Appendix A, incorporated by reference in Section 218.112,
indication of liquids dripping, or indication by a sensor that a
seal or barrier fluid system has failed.
The provisions of this
Subpart are not applicable if the equipment components are used
to produce heavy liquid chemicals only from heavy liquid feed or
raw materials.
Section 218.422
Inspection Program Plan for Leaks
The owner or operator of a synthetic organic chemical or polymer
manufacturing plant subject to Section 218.421 shall prepare an
inspection program plan which contains, at a minimum:
a)
An identification of all components and the period in
which each will be monitored pursuant to Section
218.423.
b)
The format for the monitoring log required by Section
218.425.
c)
A description of the monitoring equipment to be used
when complying with Section 218.423, and
ci)
A description of the methods to be used to identify all
pipeline valves, pressure relief valves in gaseous
service, all leaking components,
and components
exempted under Section 218.423(i)
such that they are
obvious and can be located by both plant personnel
performing monitoring and Agency personnel performing
inspections.
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125
Section 218.423
Inspection Program for Leaks
The owner or operator of a synthetic organic chemical or polymer
manufacturing plant subject to this subpart shall, for the
purposes of detecting leaks, conduct a component inspection
program using the test methods specified in Method 21,
40 CFR 60,
Appendix A
(1986), incorporated by reference in Section, 218.112,
consistent with the following provisions:
a)
Test annually those components operated near extreme
temperature or pressure such that they would be unsafe
to routinely monitor and those components which would
require the elevation of monitoring personnel higher
than two meters above permanent worker access
structures or surfaces.
b)
Test quarterly all other pressure relief valves in gas
service, pumps in light liquid service, valves in light
liquid service and in gas service, and compressors.
c)
If less than or equal to 2 percent of the valves in
light liquid service and in gas service tested pursuant
to subsection
(b) are found not to leak for
five consecutive quarters, no leak tests shall be
required for three consecutive quarters.
Thereafter,
leak tests shall resume for the next quarter.
If that
test shows less than or equal to 2 percent of the
valves in light liquid service and in gas service are
leaking, then no tests are required for the next
three quarters.
If more than 2 percent are leaking,
then tests are required for the next five quarters.
ci)
Observe visually all pump seals weekly.
e)
Test immediately any pump seal from which liquids are
observed dripping.
f)
Test any relief valve within 24 hours after it has
vented to the atmosphere.
g)
Routine instrument monitoring of valves which are not
externally regulated,
flanges, and equipment in heavy
liquid service,
is not required.
However, any valve
which is not externally regulated,
flange or piece of
equipment in heavy liquid service that is found to be
leaking on the basis of sight, smell or sound shall be
repaired as soon as practicable but no later than
30 days after the leak is found.
h)
Test immediately after repair any component that was
found leaking.
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126
i)
Within one hour of its detection,
a weatherproof,
readily visible tag,
in bright colors such as red or
yellow, bearing an identification number and the date
on which the leak was detected must be affixed on the
leaking component and remain in place until the leaking
component is repaired.
j)
The following components are exempt from the monitoring
requirements in this Section:
1)
Any
component that is in vacuum service, and
2)
Any pressure relief valve that is connected to an
operating flare header or vapor recovery device.
Section 218.424
Repairing Leaks
All leaking components must be repaired and retested as soon as
practicable but no later than 15 days after the leak is found
unless the leaking component cannot be repaired until the process
unit is shut down.
Records of repairing and retesting must be
maintained in accordance with Section 218.425 and 218.426.
Section 218.425
Recordkeeping for Leaks
a)
The owner or operator of a synthetic organic chemical
or polymer manufacturing plant shall maintain a leaking
components monitoring log which shall contain, at a
minimum, the following information:
1)
The name of the process unit where the component
is located;
2)
The type of component (e.g., valve,
seal);
3)
The identification number of the component;
4)
The date on which a leaking component is
discovered;
5)
The date on which a leaking component is repaired;
6)
The date and instrument reading of the recheck
procedure after a leaking component is repaired;
7)
A record of the calibration of the monitoring
instrument;
8)
The identification number of leaking components
which cannot be repaired until process unit
shutdown; and
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127
9)
The total number of valves in light liquid service
and in gas service inspected; the total number and
the percentage of these valves found leaking
during the monitoring period.
b)
Copies of the monitoring log shall be retained by the
owner or operator for a minimum of two years after the
date on which the record was made or the report was
prepared.
c)
Copies of the monitoring log shall be made available to
the Agency upon verbal or written request prior to or
at the time of inspection pursuant to Section 4(d) of
the Environmental Protection Act
(Act)
(Ill.
Rev. Stat.
1989,
ch.
111 1/2, pars.
1001 et seq.) at any
reasonable time.
Section 218.426
Report for Leaks
The owner or operator of a synthetic organic chemical or polymer
manufacturing plant subject to Section 218.421 through 218.430
shall:
a)
Submit quarterly reports to the Agency on or before
March 31, June 30, September 30, and December 31 of
each year,
listing all leaking components identified
pursuant to Section 218.423 but not repaired within 15
days,
all leaking components awaiting process unit
shutdown, the total number of components inspected, the
type of components inspected,
and the total number of
components found leaking, the total number of valves in
light liquid service and in gas service inspected and
the number and percentage of valves in light liquid
service and in gas service found leaking.
b)
Submit a signed statement with the report attesting
that all monitoring and repairs were performed as
required under Section 218.421 through 218.427.
Section 218.427
Alternative Program for Leaks
The Agency shall approve an alternative program of monitoring,
recordkeeping, or reporting to that prescribed in this Subpart
upon a demonstration by the owner or operator of such plant that
the alternative program will provide plant personnel and Agency
personnel with an equivalent ability to identify and repair
leaking components.
Any alternative program can be allowed if
approved by the Agency and approved by the USEPA as a SIP
revision.
Section 218.428
Open—Ended Valves
124—475
128
a)
Each open-ended valve shall be equipped with a cap,
blind flange, plug,
or a second valve, except during
operations requiring fluid flow through the open-ended
valve.
b)
Each open—ended valve equipped with a second valve
shall be operated in
a manner such that the valve on
the process fluid end is closed before the second valve
is closed.
c)
Components which are open—ended valves and which serve
as a sampling connection shall be controlled such that:
1)
A closed purge system or closed vent system shall
return purged process fluid to the ‘process line
with no detectable VOM emissions to the
atmosphere, or
2)
A closed purge system or closed vent system shall
collect and recycle purged process fluid to the
process line with no detectable VON emissions to
the atmosphere,
or
3)
Purged process fluid shall be transported to a
control device that complies with the requirements
of Section 218.429.
d)
In—situ sampling systems are exempt from subsection
(c).
Section 218.429
Standards for Control Devices
Control devices used to comply with Section 218.428(c)
shall
comply with the following:
a)
If the control device is a vapor recovery system (for
example, condensers and adsorbers),
it shall be
designed and operated to recover the VON emissions
vented to it with an efficiency of 95 percent or
greater.
b)
If the control device is an enclosed combustion device,
it shall be designed and operated to reduce the VON
emissions vented to it with an efficiency of 95 percent
or greater, or to provide a minimum residence time of
0.75 seconds at a minimum temperature of 816°C.
c)
If the control device is a flare,
it shall:
1)
Be designed for and operated with no visible
emissions as determined by USEPA Reference Method
22,
40 CFR 60, Appendix A (1986), incorporated by
124—4 76
129
reference in Section 218.112, except for periods
not to exceed a total of 5 minutes during any 2
consecutive hours.
2)
Be operated with a pilot flame present at all
times and shall be monitored with a thermocouple
or any other equivalent device to detect the’
presence of the pilot flame.
3)
Be steam—assisted,
air assisted, or nonassisted.
4)
Be used only with the net heating value of the gas
being combusted being 11.2 NJ/scm
(300 Btu/scf)
or
greater if the flare is steam—assisted or
air-assisted; or with the net heating value of the
gas being combusted being 7.45 NJ/scm or greater
if the flare is nonassisted.
The net heating
value of the gas being combusted shall be
calculated using the following equation:
a
Hr
=
K
E
C1H1
‘=1
Where:
Hr
=
Net heating value of the sample in NJ/scm;
where the net enthalpy per mole of offgas is based
on combustion at 25°Cand 760 mm Hg, but the
standard temperature for determining the volume
corresponding to one mole is 20°C.
K
=
Constant,
1.740 x 107
(1/ppm) (g—mole/scm) (MJ/Kcal)
where
standard temperature for
(g—mole/scm)
is 20°C.
C1
=
Concentration of sample component i,
in ppm,
as measured by USEPA Reference Method 18,
40
CFR 60, Appendix A
(1986), and ASTM D
2504—83, both incorporated by reference in
Section 218.112.
H1
=
Net heat of combustion of sample component i,
kcal/g mole.
The heats of combustion may be
determined using ASTM D 2382-83, incorporated
by reference in Section 218.112,
if published
values are not available or cannot be
calculated.
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130
5)
Steam-assisted and nonassisted flares shall be
designed and operated with an exit velocity, as
determined by dividing the volumetric flowrate
(in
units of standard temperature and pressure),
as
determined by USEPA Reference Method
2 or 2A,
40
CFR 60, Appendix A (1986)
incorporated by
reference in Section 218.112, as appropriate; by
the unobstructed
(free)
cross sectional area of
the flare tip, less than 18 rn/sec
(60 ft/sec).
6)
Air-assisted flares shall be designed and operated
with an exit velocity less than the maximum
permitted velocity, Vmax, as determined by the
following equation:
V,,ax
=
8.706
+
0•7084(Hr)~
Vmax
=
Maximum permitted velocity, m/sec.
8.706
=
Constant.
0.7084
=
Constant.
H,.
=
The net heating value as determined in
subsection
(c) (4)
of this section.
d)
If the control device is a closed container,
it shall
be designed and operated to reduce the VON emissions,
vented from purged process fluid after transfer, to no
detectable VON emissions as determined by USEPA
Reference Method 21 as specified at 40 CFR 60, Appendix
A (1986), incorporated by reference in Section 218.112.
For purposes of this Section, the phrase “after
transfer” shall refer to the time at which the entire
amount of purged process fluid resulting from a
flushing or cleaning of the sample line enters the
closed container or containers including the final
container(s) prior to disposal.
e)
The owner or operator of a control device shall monitor
the control device to ensure that it is operated and
maintained in conformance with the manufacturer’s
specifications, modified to the particular process
design.
f)
The control device shall be operated at all times when
emissions may be vented to it.
Section 218.430
Compliance Date
The owner or operator of a synthetic organic chemical or polymer
manufacturing plant subject to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 215.430 through
215.438 as of December 31,
1987 shall have complied with the
standards and limitations of those Sections no later than
December 31,
1987.
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131
SUBPART R:
PETROLEUM REFINING
AND
RELATED INDUSTRIES; ASPHALT MATERIALS
Section 218.441
Petroleum Refinery Waste Gas Disposal
a)
Except as provided in subsection
(b) or
(c), no person
shall cause or allow the discharge of organic materials
in excess of 100 ppm equivalent methane (molecular
weight 16.0)
into the atmosphere from:
1)
Any catalyst regenerator of a petroleum cracking
system; or
2)
Any petroleum fluid coker; or
3)
Any other waste gas stream from any petroleum or
petrochemical manufacturing process.
b)
Exception.
Existing sources subject to subsection
(a) (3) may, alternatively, at their election, comply
with the organic material emission limitations imposed
by 35 Ill.
Adm. Code 215.301 or 215.302; provided,
however, that there shall be no increase in emissions
from such sources above the level of emissions in
existence on May 3, 1979.
c)
New Sources.
Sources subject to subsection
(a) (3),
construction of which commenced on or after January 1,
1977, may, at their election, comply with the following
emission limitations:
1)
A maximum of eight pounds per hour of organic
material;
‘or
2)
Emission of organic material in excess of the
limitation of subsection
(c) (1)
is allowable if
such emissions are controlled by air pollution
control methods or equipment approved by the
Agency capable of reducing by 85 percent or more
the uncontrolled organic material that would
otherwise be emitted to the atmosphere.
Such
methods or equipment must be approved by the
Agency and approved by the USEPA as a SIP
revision.
Section 218.442
Vacuum Producing Systems
No owner or operator of a petroleum refinery shall cause or allow
the operation of any vacuum producing system unless the
condensers, hot wells and accumulators of any such system are
equipped with vapor loss control equipment including, but not
124—479
132
limited to, piping, valves,
flame arrestors and hot wellcovers,
to vent any VON with a vapor pressure of 10.34 kPa
(1.5 psia) or
greater at 294.3°K(70°F)to a heater,
fire box, flare, refinery
fuel gas system, or other equipment or system of equal emission
control as approved by the Agency and approved by the USEPA as a
SIP revision.
This Section shall not apply to vacuum producing
systems on lube units.
Section 218.443
Wastewater (Oil/Water) Separator
No owner or operator of a petroleum refinery shall operate any
wastewater (oil/water) separator at a petroleum refinery unless
the separator is equipped with air pollution control equipment
capable of reducing by 85 percent or more the uncontrolled
organic material emitted to the atmosphere.
If no odor nuisance
exists, the limitation of this Section shall not apply if the
vapor pressure of the organic material
is below 10.34 kPa (1.5
psia) at 204.3°K(70°F) at all times.
Section 218.444
Process Unit Turnarounds
a)
No owner or operator of a petroleum refinery shall
cause or allow a refinery process unit turnaround
except in compliance with an operating procedure as
approved by the Agency.
b)
Unless a procedure was already on file with the Agency
as part of an approved operating permit no later than
November 1,
1979, the owner or operator of a petroleum
refinery shall submit to the Agency for approval a
detailed procedure for reducing emissions of VON during
refinery process unit turnarounds from organic material
with a vapor pressure of 10.34 kPa
(1.5 psia)
or
greater at 294.3°K(70°F). The Agency shall not
approve the procedure unless it provides for:
1)
Depressurization of the refinery process unit or
vessel to a flare, refinery fuel gas system, or
other equipment or system of equal emission
control, as approved by the Agency and approved by
the USEPA as a SIP revision, until the internal
pressure from the vessel or unit is less than 5.0
psig before allowing the vessel to be vented to
the atmosphere;
2)
Recordkeeping of the following items:
A)
Each date that a refinery unit or vessel is
shut down; and
B)
The total estimated quantity of VON emitted
to the atmosphere and the duration of the
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133
emission in hours.
Section 218.445
Leaks:
General Requirements
a)
The owner or operator of a petroleum refinery shall:
1)
Develop a monitoring program plan consistent with
the provisions of Section 218.446;
2)
Conduct a monitoring program consistent with the
provisions of Section 218.447;
3)
Record all leaking components which have a
volatile organic material concentration exceeding
10,000 ppm consistent with the provisions of
Section 218.448;
4)
Identify each component consistent with the
monitoring
program
plan
submitted
pursuant
to
Section
218.446;
5)
Repair and retest the leaking components as soon
as possible within 22 days after the leak is
found, but no later than June 1 for the purposes
of Section 218.447(a) (1), unless the leaking
components cannot be repaired until the unit is
shut down for turnaround; and
6)
Report to the Agency consistent with the
provisions of Section 218.449.
Section 218.446
Monitoring Program Plan for Leaks
The owner or operator of a petroleum refinery shall prepare a
monitoring program plan which contains, at a minimum:
a)
An identification of all refinery components and the
period in which each will be monitored pursuant to
Section 218.447;
b)
The format for the monitoring log required by Section
218.448;
c)
A description of the monitoring equipment to be used
pursuant to Section 218.447; and
d)
A description of the methods to be used to identify all
pipeline valves, pressure relief valves in gaseous
service and all leaking components such that they are
obvious to both refinery personnel performing
monitoring and Agency personnel performing inspections.
124—48
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134
Section 218.447
Monitoring Program for Leaks
a)
The owner or operator of a petroleum refinery subject
to Section 218.445 shall, for the purpose of detecting
leaks, conduct a component monitoring program
consistent with the following provisions:
1)
Test once between March
1 and June 1 of each year,
by methods referenced in Section 218.105(g),
all
pump seals, pipeline valves in liquid service and
process drains.
2)
Test once each quarter of each calendar year, by
methods referenced in Section 218.105(g),
all
pressure relief valves in gaseous service,
pipeline valves in gaseous service and compressor
seals.
3)
Inaccessible valves may be tested once each
calendar year instead of once each quarter of each
calendar year.
4)
Observe visually all pump seals weekly.
5)
Test immediately any pump seal from which liquids
are observed dripping,
6)
Test any relief valve within 24 hours after it has
vented to the atmosphere, and
7)
Test immediately after repair any component that
was found leaking.
b)
Storage tank valves and pressure relief devices
connected to an operating flare header or vapor
recovery device are exempt from the monitoring
requirements in subsection
(a).
c)
The Agency or the USEPA may require more frequent
monitoring than would otherwise be required by
subsection
(a)
for components which are demonstrated to
have a history of leaking.
Section 218.448
Recordkeeping for Leaks
a)
The owner or operator of a petroleum refinery shall
maintain a leaking components monitoring log which
shall contain, at a minimum, the following information:
1)
The name of the process unit where the component
is located;
124=482
135
2)
The type of component
(e.g., valve,
seal);
3)
The identification number of the component;
4)
The date on which a leaking component is
discovered;
5)
The date on which a leaking component is repaired;
6)
The date and instrument reading of the recheck
procedure after
a leaking component is repaired;
7)
A record of the calibration of the monitoring
instrument;
8)
The identification number of leaking components
which cannot be repaired until turnaround; and
9)
The total number of components inspected and the
total number of components found leaking during
that monitoring period.
b)
Copies of the monitoring log shall be retained by the
owner or operator for a minimum of two years after the
date on which the record was made or the report
prepared.
c)
Copies of the monitoring log shall be made available to
the Agency, upon verbal or written request, at any
reasonable time.
Section 218.449
Reporting for Leaks
The owner or operator of a petroleum refinery shall:
a)
Submit a report to the Agency prior to the 1st day of
both July and September listing all leaking components
identified pursuant to Section 218.447 but not repaired
within 22 days,
all leaking components awaiting unit
turnaround, the total number of components inspected
and the total number of components found leaking;
b)
Submit a signed statement with the report attesting
that all monitoring and repairs were performed as
required under Sections 218.445 through 218.448.
Section 218.450
Alternative Program for Leaks.
The Agency may approve an alternative program of monitoring,
recordkeeping or reporting to that prescribed in Sections 218.446
through 218.449 upon a demonstration by the owner or operator of
a petroleum refinery that the alternative program will provide
124—483
136
refinery, Agency and USEPA personnel with an equivalent ability
to identify and repair leaking components.
Any alternative
program can be allowed only if approved by the USEPA as a SIP
revision.
Section 218.451
Sealing Device Requirements
Except for safety pressure relief valves, no owner or operator of
a petroleum refinery shall install or operate a valve at the end
of a pipe or line containing VOMs unless the pipe or line is
sealed with a second valve, blind flange, plug, cap or other
sealing device.
The sealing device may be removed only when a
sample is being taken or during maintenance operations.
Section 218.452
Compliance Schedule for Leaks
The owner or operator of a petroleum refinery shall adhere to the
increments of progress contained in the following schedule:
a)
Have submitted to the USEPA a monitoring program
consistent with Section 218.446 prior to September 1,
1990.
b)
Have submitted to the USEPA the first monitoring report
pursuant to Section 218.449 prior to October
1,
1990.
Section 218.453
Compliance Dates
Every owner or operator of a petroleum refinery subject to 35
Ill. Adm. Code 215, Subpart R as of December 31,
1987 shall have
complied with its standards and limitations by December 31,
1987.
SUBPART S:
RUBBER
AND
MISCELLANEOUS PLASTIC PRODUCTS
Section 218.461
Manufacture of Pneumatic Rubber Tires
The owner or operator of an undertread cementing, treadend
cementing or bead dipping operation at a pneumatic rubber tire
manufacturing facility shall install and operate:
a)
A capture system, with minimum capture efficiency of 65
percent by weight of VOM for treadend cementing or bead
dipping operations and a capture system with a minimum
capture efficiency of 55.5 percent by weight of VON for
undertread cementing; and
b)
A control device that meets the requirements of one of
the following:
1)
A carbon adsorption system designed and operated
in a manner such that there is at least a 90
percent removal of VON by weight from the gases
124—484
137
ducted to the control device;
2)
An afterburning system that oxidizes at least 90
percent of the captured nonmethane VONS (VON
measured as total combustible carbon) to carbon
dioxide and water; and
3)
An alternative VON emission reduction system
demonstrated to have at least a 90 percent overall
reduction efficiency and approved by the Agency
and approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision.
Section 218.462
Green Tire Spraying Operations
The owner or operator of a green tire spraying operation at a
pneumatic rubber tire manufacturing facility shall:
a)
Install and operate:
1)
A capture system with a minimum capture efficiency
of 90 percent by weight of VON; and
2)
A control device that meets the requirements of
one of the following:
A)
A carbon adsorption system designed and
operated in a manner such that there is at
least 90 percent removal of VON by weight
from the bases ducted to the control device;
B)
An afterburning system that oxidizes at least
90 percent of the captured nonmethane VON
(measured as total combustible carbon) to
carbon dioxide and water;
or
C)
An alternative VON emission reduction system
demonstrated to have at least a 90 percent
overall reduction efficiency and approved by
the Agency and approved by the USEPA as a SIP
revision.
b)
Substitute for the normal solvent—based mold release
compound water—based sprays containing:
1)
No more than five percent by volume of VON as
applied for the inside of tires;
2)
No more than ten percent by volume of VON as
applied for the outside of tires.
Section 218.463
Alternative Emission Reduction Systems
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138
In lieu of complying with Section 218.461 or 218.462, the owner
or operator of an emission source may utilize an alternative
volatile organic emission reduction system, including an
alternative production process, which is demonstrated to be
equivalent to Section 218.461 or 218.462 on the basis of
emissions of volatile organic matter.
A treadend cementing
operation shall be considered equivalent to Section 218.461 or
218.462 for the purposes of this Section if the total volatile
organic emission from such operation is
10 grams or less per
tire.
Section 218.464
Testing and Monitoring
a)
Upon a reasonable request by the Agency, the owner or
operator of a VON emission source required to comply
with a limit of Sections 218.461 through 218.464 shall
conduct emissions testing, at such person’s own
expense, to demonstrate compliance.
b)
A pers,on planning to conduct a VON emission test to
demonstrate compliance shall notify the Agency of that
intent not less than 30 days before the planned
initiation of the tests so the Agency may observe the
test.
Section 218.465
Compliance Dates
Every owner or operator of an emission source subject to 35 Ill.
Adm. Code 215, Subpart S, as of December 31,
1987 shall have
complied with its standards and limitations by December 31,
1987.
Section 218.466
Compliance Plan
a)
The owner or operator of an emission source shall have
submitted to the Agency a compliance plan, pursuant to
35 Ill. Adm. Code 201, Subpart H, including a project
completion schedule where applicable, no later than
April
21,
1983.
b)
Unless the submitted compliance plan or schedule was
disapproved by the Agency, the owner or operator of a
facility or emission source may operate the emission
source according to the plan and schedule as submitted.
c)
The plan and schedule shall meet
the
requirements of 35
Ill. Adm. Code 201, Subpart H, including specific
interim dates as required in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 201.242.
SUBPART T:
PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURING
Section 218.480
Applicability
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139
a)
The rules of this Subpart, except for Sections 218.483
through 218.485, apply to all emission sources of VOM,
including but not limited to reactors, distillation
units, dryers,
storage tanks for VOL, equipment for the
transfer of VOL1
filters, crystallizers, washers,
laboratory hoods, pharmaceutical coating operations,
mixing operations and centrifuges used in
manufacturing, including packaging, of pharmaceuticals,
and emitting more than 6.8 kg/day
(15 lbs/day)
and more
than 2,268 kg/year (2.5 tons/year)
of VOM.
If an
emission source emits less than 2,268 kg/year (2.5
tons/year)
of VON, the requirements of this Subpart
still apply to the emission source if VOM emissions
from the emission source exceed 45.4 kg/day
(100 lbs/day).
b)
Notwithstanding subsection
(a), the air suspension
coater/dryer, fluid bed dryers, tunnel dryers, and
Accelacotas located in Libertyville Township, Lake
County, Illinois shall be exempt from the rules of this
Subpart, except for Sections 218.483 through 218.485,
if emissions of VON not vented to air pollution control
equipment do not exceed the following levels:
1)
for the air suspension coater/dryer:
2,268 kg/year
(2.5 tons/year);
2)
for each fluid bed dryer: 4,535 kg/year
(5.0 tons/year);
3)
for each tunnel dryer:
6,803 kg/year (7.5
tons/year); and
4)
for each Accelacota:
6,803 kg/year
(7.5 tons/year).
c)
Sections 218.483 through 218.485 apply to a plant
having one or more emission sources that:
1)
Are used to manufacture pharmaceuticals, and
2)
Emit more than 6.8 kg/day
(15 lbs/day) of VON and
more than 2,268 kg/year
(2.5 tons/year)
of VON,
or,
if less than 2,268 kg/year (2.5 tons/year),
these Sections still apply if emissions from one
or more sources exceed 45.4 kg/day
(100 lbs/day).
d)
No owner or operator shall violate any condition in a
permit when the condition results in exclusion of an
emission source from this Subpart.
.e)
Any pharmaceutical manufacturing source that becomes
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140
subject to the provisions of this Subpart at any time
shall remain subject to the provisions of this Subpart
at all times.
f)
Emissions subject to this Subpart shall be controlled
at all times consistent with the requirements set forth
in this Subpart.
g)
Any
control device required pursuant to this Subpart
shall be operated at all times when the source it is
controlling is operated.
h)
Determinations of daily and annual emissions for
purposes of this Section shall be made using both data
on the hourly emission rate (or the emissions per unit
of throughput)
and appropriate daily and annual data
from records of emission source operation (or material
throughput or material consumption data).
In the
absence of representative test data pursuant to Section
218.487 for the hourly emission rate (or the emissions
per unit of throughput), such items shall be calculated
using engineering calculations, including the methods
described in Appendix B of “Control of Volatile Organic
Emissions from Manufacturing of Synthesized
Pharmaceutical Products”
(EPA-450/2—78—029),
incorporated by reference in Section 218.112.
(This
subsection shall not affect the Agency’s or the USEPA’s
authority to require emission tests to be performed
pursuant to Section 218.487.)
Section 218.481
Control of Reactors, Distillation Units,
Crystallizers, Centrifuges and Vacuum Dryers
a)
The owner or operator shall equip all reactors,
distillation units, crystallizers, centrifuges and
vacuum dryers that are used to manufacture
pharmaceuticals with surface condensers or other air
pollution control equipment listed in subsection
(b).
If a surface condenser is used,
it shall be operated
such that the condenser outlet gas temperature does not
exceed:
1)
248.2°K(-13°F)when condensing VON of vapor
pressure greater than 40.0 kPa
(5.8 psi)
at
294.3°K(70°F),or
2)
258.2°K(5°F)when condensing VON of vapor
pressure greater than 20.0 kPa
(2.9 psi)
at
294.3°K(70°F),or
3)
273.2°K(32°F)when condensing VON of vapor
pressure greater than 10.0 kPa
(1.5 psi) at
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141
294.3°K(70°F),or
4)
283.2°K(50°F)when condensing VON of vapor
pressure greater than 7.0 kPa (1.0 psi) at 294.3°K
(70°F),or
5)
298.2°K(77°F)when condensing VON of vapor
pressure greater than 3.45 kPa (0.5 psi)
at
294.3°K(70°F).
b)
If a scrubber, carbon adsorber, thermal afterburner,
catalytic afterburner, or other air pollution control
equipment other than a surface condenser is used, such
equipment shall provide a reduction in the emissions of
VON of 90 percent or more.
c)
The owner or operator shall enclose all centrifuges
used to manufacture pharmaceuticals and that have an
exposed VOL surface, where the VON in the VOL has a
vapor pressure of 3.45 kPa
(0.5 psi) or more at 294.3°K
(70°F),except as production, sampling, maintenance, or
inspection procedures require operator access.
Section 218.482
Control of Air Dryers, Production Equipment
Exhaust Systems and Filters
a)
The owner or operator of an air dryer or production
equipment exhaust system used to manufacture
pharmaceuticals shall control the emissions of VON from
such emission sources by air pollution control
equipment which reduces by 90 percent or more the VON
that would otherwise be emitted into the atmosphere.
b)
The owner or operator shall enclose all rotary vacuum
filters and other filters used to manufacture
pharmaceuticals and that have an exposed VOL surface,
where the VON in the VOL has a vapor pressure of 3.45
kPa
(0.5 psi)
or more at 294°K(70°F),except as
production, sampling, maintenance, or inspection
procedures require operator access.
Section 218.483
Material Storage and Transfer
The owner or operator of a pharmaceutical manufacturing plant
shall:
a)
Provide a vapor balance system that is at least
90 percent effective in reducing VON emissions from
truck or railcar deliveries to storage tanks with
capacities equal to or greater than 7.57 m3
(2,000 gal)
that store VOL with vapor pressures greater than
28.0 kPa (4.1 psi) at 294.3°K(70°F),and
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142
b)
Install,
operate, and maintain pressure/vacuum
conservation vents set at 0.2 kPa (0.03
psi)
or greater
on all storage tanks that store VOL with vapor
pressures greater than 10 kPa (1.5 psi) at 294.3°K
(70°F).
Section 218.484
In—Process Tanks
The owner or operator shall’ install covers on all in—process
tanks used to manufacture pharmaceuticals and containing a VOL at
any time.
These covers must remain closed, except as production,
sampling, maintenance or inspection procedures require operator
access.
Section 218.485
Leaks
The owner or operator of a pharmaceutical manufacturing plant
shall repair any component from which a leak of VOL can be
observed.
The repair shall be completed as soon as practicable
but no later than 15 days after the leak is found.
If the
leaking component cannot be repaired until the process unit is
shut down,
the leaking component must then be repaired before the
unit is restarted.
Section 218.486
Other Emission Sources
The owner or operator of a washer, laboratory hood,
tablet
coating operation, mixing operation or any other process emission
source not subject to Sections 218.481 through 218.485, and used
to manufacture pharmaceuticals shall control the emissions of VON
from such emission sources by:
a)
Air pollution control equipment which reduces by
81 percent or more the VON that would otherwise be
emitted to the atmosphere,
or
b)
A surface condenser which captures all the VON which
would otherwise be emitted to the atmosphere and which
meets the requirements of Section 218.481(a)
and
(b).
Section 218.487
Testing
a)
Upon request by the Agency or the USEPA,
the owner or
operator of any VON emission source subject to this
Subpart or exempt from this Subpart by virtue of the
provisions of Section 218.480 shall,
at his own
expense, demonstrate compliance to the Agency and the
USEPA by the methods or procedures listed in Section
218.105(f) (1).
b)
A person planning to conduct a VON emissions test to
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143
demonstrate compliance with this Subpart shall notify
the Agency and the USEPA of that intent not less than
30 calendar days before the planned initiation of the
test.
Section 218.488
Monitoring for Air Pollution Control
Equipment
a)
At a minimum, continuous monitors for the following
parameters shall be installed on air pollution control
equipment used to control sources subject to this
Subpart:
1)
Destruction device combustion temperature.
2)
Temperature rise across a catalytic afterburner
bed.
3)
VON concentration on a carbon adsorption unit to
determine breakthrough.
4)
Outlet gas temperature of a refrigerated
condenser.
5)
Temperature of a non—refrigerated condenser
coolant supply system.
b)
Each monitor shall be equipped with a recording device.
c)
Each monitor shall be calibrated quarterly.
ci)
Each monitor shall operate at all times while the
associated control equipment is operating.
Section 218.489
Recordkeeping for Air Pollution Control
Equipment
a)
The owner or operator of a pharmaceutical manufacturing
facility shall maintain the following records:
1)
Parameters listed in Section 218.488(a) (1)
shall
be recorded.
2)
For sources subject to Section 218.481, the vapor
pressure of VON being controlled shall be recorded
for every process.
b)
For any leak subject to Section 218.485 which cannot be
readily repaired within one hour after detection, the
following records shall be kept:
1)
The name of the leaking equipment,
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1
144
2)
The date and time the leak is detected,
3)
The action taken to repair the leak,
and
4)
The data and time the leak is repaired.
c)
The following records shall be kept for emission
sources subject to Section 218.484 which contain VOL:
1)
For maintenance and inspection:
A)
The date and time each cover is opened,
B)
The length of time the cover remains open,
and
C)
The reason why the cover is opened.
2)
For production and sampling, detailed written
procedures or manufacturing directions specifying
the circumstances under which covers may be opened
and the procedures for opening covers.
d)
For each emission source used in the manufacture of
pharmaceuticals for which the owner or operator of a
pharmaceutical manufacturing plant claims emission
standards are not applicable, because the emissions are
below the applicability cutoffs in Section 218.480(a)
or 218
•
480(b), the owner or operator shall:
1)
Maintain a demonstration including detailed
engineering calculations of the maximum daily and
annual emissions for each such emission source
showing that the emissions are below the
applicability cutoffs in Section 218.480(a)
or
218.480(b),
as appropriate, for the current and
prior calendar years;
2)
Maintain appropriate operating records for each
such emission source to identify whether the
applicability cutoffs in Section 218.480(a)
or
218.480(b),
as appropriate, are ever exceeded; and
3)
Provide written notification to the Agency and the
USEPA within 30 days of a determination that such
an emission source has exceeded the applicability
cutoffs in Section 218.480(a)
or 218.480(b),
as
appropriate.
e)
Records required under subsection
(a)
shall be
maintained by the owner or operator for a minimum of
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145
two years after the date on which they are made.
f)
Copies of the records shall be made available to the
Agency or the USEPA upon verbal or written request.
SUBPART V:
AIR OXIDATION PROCESSES
Section 218.521
Definitions
In addition to the definitions of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 211, the
following definitions apply to this Subpart:
“Air Oxidation Process”:
any unit process including
ammoxidation and oxychlorination which uses air or a
combination of air and oxygen as an oxidant in
combination with one or more organic reactants to
produce one or more organic compounds.
“Cost Effectiveness”:
the annual expense for cost of
control of a given process stream divided by the
reduction in emissions of organic material of that
stream.
“Flow
(F)”:
Vent stream flowrate (scm/mm)
at a
standard temperature of 20°C.
“Full Operating Flowrate”:
Maximum operating capacity
of the facility.
“Hourly Emissions
(E)”:
Hourly emissions reported in
kg/hr measured at full operating flowrate.
“Net Heating Value
(H)”:
Vent stream net heating value
(NJ/scm), where the net enthalpy per mole of offgas is
based on combustion at 25°Cand 760 mm Hg, but the
standard temperature for determining the volume
corresponding to one mole is 20°C,as in the definition
of “Flow.”
“Process Vent Stream”:
An emission stream resulting
from an air oxidation process.
“Total Resource Effectiveness Index
(TRE)”:
Cost
effectiveness in dollars per megagram of controlling
any gaseous stream vented to the atmosphere from an air
oxidation process divided by $1600/Mg, using the
criteria and methods set forth in this Subpart and
Appendices C and D.
Section 218.525
Emission Limitations for Air Oxidation
Processes
124—493
146
a)
No person shall cause or allow the emission of VON from
any process vent stream unless the process vent stream
is vented to a combustion device which is designed and
operated either:
1)
To reduce the volatile organic emissions vented to
it with an efficiency of at least ninety eight
percent
(98)
by weight; or
2)
To emit VON at a concentration less than twenty
parts per million by volume,
dry
basis.
b)
Air oxidation facilities for which an existing
combustion device is employed to control process VON
emissions are not required to meet the 98 percent
emissions limit until the combustion device is replaced
for other reasons, which shall be considered to
include, but not be limited to, normal maintenance,
malfunction, accident, and obsolescence.
The
combustion device is considered to be replaced when:
1)
All of the device is replaced; or
2)
When the cost of the repair of the device or the
cost of replacement of part of the device exceeds
50
of the cost of replacing the entire device
with a device which complies.
c)
The limitations of subsection
(a) do not apply to any
process vent stream or combination of process vent
streams which has a Total Resource Effectiveness Index
(TRE) greater than 1.0,
as determined by the following
methods:
1)
If an air oxidation process has more than one
process vent stream,
TRE
shall be based upon a
combination of the process vent streams.
2)
TRE
of a process vent stream shall be determined
according to the following equation:
TRE
=
El
a
+
bF’~
+
cF
+
dFH
+
e(FH)’~
+
fF°.5
where:
n
=
0.88
TRE
=
Total resource effectiveness index.
F
=
Vent stream flowrate (scm/mm), at a
standard temperature of 20°C.
124—494
147
E
=
Hourly measured emissions in kg/hr.
H
=
Net heating value of vent stream
(NJ/scm), where the net enthalpy per
mole of offgas is based on combustion at
25°Cand 760
mm
Hg, but the standard
temperature for determining the volume
corresponding to one mole is 20°C,as in
the definition of “Flow”.
a,b,c,d,
e and £
=
Coefficients obtained by use of Appendix
F.
3)
For nonchlorinated process vent streams,
if the
net heating value,
H,
is greater than 3.6 NJ/scm,
F shall be replaced by
F1
for purposes of
calculating TRE.
F1 is computed as follows:
F1
=
FH
/
3.6
where F and H are as defined in subsection
(c) (2).
4)
The actual numerical values used in the equation
described in subsection
(c) (2)
shall be determined
as follows:
A)
All reference methods and procedures for
determining the flow,
(F), hourly emissions,
(E), and net heating,
(H), value shall be in
accordance with Appendix C.
B)
All coefficients described in subsection
(c) (2)
shall be in accordance with Appendix
D.
Section 218.526
Testing and Monitoring
a)
Upon reasonable request by the Agency, the owner or
operator of an air oxidation process shall demonstrate
compliance with this Subpart by use of the methods
specified in Appendix C.
This Section does not limit
the USEPA’s authority, under the Clean Air Act, to
require demonstrations of compliance.
b)
A person planning to conduct a VON emissions test to
demonstrate compliance with this Subpart shall notify
the Agency of that intent not less than 30 days before
the planned initiation of the tests so that the Agency
may observe the test.
Section 218.527
Compliance Date
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148
Each owner or operator of an emission source subject to 35 Ill.
Adm. Code 215, Subpart V, as of December 31,
1987 shall have
complied with the standards and limitations of 35 Ill. Adm. Code
215, Subpart V, by December 31,
1987.
SUBPART W:
AGRICULTURE
Section 218.541
Pesticide Exception
The provisions of Sections 218.301 and 218.302 shall not apply to
the spraying or use of insecticides, herbicides or other
pesticides.
SUBPART X:
CONSTRUCTION
Section 218.561
Architectural Coatings
No person shall cause or allow the sale or use of any
architectural coating containing more than 20 percent by volume
of photo-chemically reactive material in containers having a
capacity of more than one gallon.
Section 218.562
Paving Operations
The provisions of Sections 218.301 and 218.302 shall not apply to
the application of paving asphalt and pavement marking paint from
sunrise to sunset.
Section 218.563
Cutback Asphalt
a)
No person shall cause or allow the use or application
of cutback asphalt for paving,
resurfacing,
reconditioning,
repairing or otherwise maintaining a
roadway unless:
1)
The use or application of the cutback asphalt
commences on or after October 1 of any year and
such use or application is completed by April 30
of the following year; or
2)
The cutback asphalt is a long-life stockpile
material which remains in stock after April 30 of
each year and as such it may be used until
depleted for patching potholes and for other
similar repair work; or
3)
The cutback asphalt is to be used solely as an
asphalt prime coat.
b)
Sources subject to this Section are not required to
submit or obtain an Agency approved compliance plan or
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149
project completion schedule under 35 Ill. Adm. Code
201, Subpart H.
SUBPART Y:
GASOLINE DISTRIBUTION
Section 218.581
Bulk Gasoline Plants
a)
Subject to Subsection
(e), no person may cause or allow
the transfer of gasoline from a delivery vessel into a
stationary storage tank located at a bulk gasoline
plant unless:
1)
The delivery vessel and the stationary storage
tank are each equipped with a vapor collection
system that meets the requirements of subsection
(d) (4),
2)
Each vapor collection system is operating,
3)
The delivery vessel displays the appropriate
sticker pursuant to the requirements of Sections
218.584
(b) or
(ci),
4)
The pressure relief valve(s) on the stationary
storage tank and the delivery vessel are set to
release at no less than 0.7 psi or the highest
pressure allowed by state or local fire codes or
the guidelines of the National Fire Prevention
Association, and
5)
The stationary storage tank is equipped with a
submerged loading pipe.
b)
Subject to subsection
(f), no person may cause or allow
the transfer of gasoline from a stationary storage tank
located at a bulk gasoline plant into a delivery vessel
unless:
1)
The requirements set forth in subsections
(a) (1)
through
(a) (4)
are met, and
2)
Equipment is available at the bulk gasoline plant
to provide for the submerged filling of the
delivery vessel or the delivery vessel
is equipped
for bottom loading.
c)
Subject to subsection
(e), each owner of a stationary
storage tank located at a bulk gasoline plant shall:
1)
Equip each stationary storage tank with a vapor
control system that meets the requirements of
subsection
(a)
or
(b), whichever is applicable,
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150
2)
Provide instructions to the operator of the bulk
gasoline plant describing necessary maintenance
operations and procedures for prompt notification
of the owner in case of any malfunction of a vapor
control system, and
3)
Repair, replace or modify any worn out or
malfunctioning component or element of design.
d)
Subject to subsection
(e), each operator of a bulk
gasoline plant shall:
1)
Maintain and operate each vapor control system in
accordance with the owner’s instructions,
2)
Promptly notify the owner of any scheduled
maintenance or malfunction requiring replacement
or repair of a major component of a vapor control
system, and
3)
Maintain gauges, meters or other specified testing
devices in proper working order,
4)
Operate the bulk plant vapor collection system and
gasoline loading equipment in a manner that
prevents:
A)
Gauge pressure from exceeding 45.7 cm
(18
in.) of water and vacuum from exceeding 15.2
cm
(6 in.) of water, as measured as close as
possible to the vapor hose connection,
and
B)
A reading equal to or greater than 100
percent of the lower explosive limit (LEL
measured as propane) when tested in
accordance with the procedure described in
“Control of Volatile Organic Compound Leaks
from Gasoline Tank Trucks and Vapor
Collection Systems”, Appendix B,
EPA 450/2—78-051,
(incorporated by reference
in Section 218.112), and
C)
Avoidable leaks of liquid during loading or
unloading operations.
5)
Provide a pressure tap or equivalent on the bulk
plant vapor collection system in order to allow
the determination of compliance with subsection
(ci) (4) (A), and
6)
Within 15 business days after discovery of any
12 4—498
151
leak by the owner, the operator, the Agency or the
USEPA,
repair and retest a vapor collection system
which exceeds the limits of subsection
(d) (4) (A)
or
(B).
e)
The requirements of subsections
(a),
(c) and
(d)
shall
not apply to:
1)
Any stationary storage tank with a capacity of
less than 2,177
1
(575 gal),
or
2)
Any bulk gasoline plant whose daily gasoline
throughput is less than 15,140
1
(4,000 gal/day)
on a thirty-day rolling average.
f)
The requirements of subsection
(b)
shall apply only to
bulk gasoline plants whose daily gasoline throughput is
greater than or equal to 15,140 1 (4,000 gal/day) on a
thirty-day rolling average.
g)
Any bulk gasoline plant which is ever subject to
subsections
(a),
(b),
(c), or
(ci)
shall always be
subject to these paragraphs.
Section 218.582
Bulk Gasoline Terminals
a)
No person shall cause or allow the transfer of gasoline
into any delivery vessel from any bulk gasoline
terminal unless:
1)
The bulk gasoline terminal is equipped with a
vapor control system that limits emission of VON
to 80 mg/i (0.00067 lbs/gal) of gasoline loaded;
2)
The vapor control system is operating and all
vapors displaced in the loading of gasoline to the
delivery vessel are vented only to the vapor
control system;
3)
There is no liquid drainage from the loading
device when it is not in use;
4)
All loading and vapor return lines are equipped
with fittings which are vapor tight;
and
5)
The delivery vessel displays the appropriate
sticker pursuant to the requirements of Section
218.584(b)
or
(d); or,
if the terminal is
driver—loaded, the terminal owner or operator
shall be deemed to be in compliance with this
Section when terminal access authorization is
limited to those owners and/or operators of
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152
delivery vessels who have provided a current
certification as required by Section
218.584(c) (3).
b)
Bulk gasoline terminals were required to take certain
actions to achieve compliance which are summarized in
35 Ill.
Adin. Code 215, Appendix C.
c)
The operator of a bulk gasoline terminal shall:
1)
Operate the terminal vapor collection system and
gasoline loading equipment in a manner that
prevents:
A)
Gauge pressure from exceeding 18 inches of
water and vacuum from exceeding
6 inches of
water as measured as close as possible to the
vapor hose connection; and
B)
A reading equal to or greater than 100
percent of the lower explosive limit (LEL
measured as propane) when tested in
accordance with the procedure described in
EPA 450/2-78-051 Appendix B incorporated by
reference in Section 218.112; and
C)
Avoidable leaks of liquid during loading or
unloading operations.
2)
Provide a pressure tap or equivalent on the
terminal vapor collection system in order to allow
the determination of compliance with Section
218.582 (ci) (1) (A); and
3)
Within 15 business days after discovery of the
leak by the owner, operator, or the Agency repair
and retest a vapor collection system which exceeds
the limits of subsection
(c) (1) (A) or
(B).
Section 218.583
Gasoline Dispensing Facilities
a)
Subject to subsection
(b), no person shall cause or
allow the transfer of gasoline from any delivery vessel
into any stationary storage tank at a gasoline
dispensing facility unless:
1)
The tank is equipped with a submerged loading
pipe; and
2)
The vapors displaced from the storage tank during
filling are processed by a vapor control system
that includes one or more of the following:
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153
A)
A vapor collection system that meets the
requirements of subsection
(d) (4); or
B)
A refrigeration—condensation system or any
other system approved by the Agency and
approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision, that
recovers at least 90 percent by weight of all
vaporized organic material from the equipment
being controlled; and
C)
The delivery vessel displays the appropriate
sticker pursuant to the requirements of
Section 218.584(b)
or
(d).
b)
The requirements of subsection
(a) (2)
shall not apply
to transfers of gasoline to a stationary storage tank
at a gasoline dispensing facility if:
1)
The tank is equipped with a floating roof,
or
other system of equal or better emission control
approved by the Agency and approved by the USEPA
as a SIP revision;
2)
The tank has a capacity of less than 2000 gallons
and was in place and operating before January
1,
1979; or
3)
The tank has a capacity of less than 575 gallons.
C)
Subject to subsection
(b), each owner of a gasoline
dispensing facility shall:
1)
Install all control systems and make all process
modifications required by subsection
(a);
2)
Provide instructions to the operator of the
gasoline dispensing facility describing necessary
maintenance operations and procedures for prompt
notification of the owner in case of any
malfunction of a vapor control system; and
3)
Repair, replace or modify any worn out or
malfunctioning component or element of design.
ci)
Subject to subsection
(b), each operator of a gasoline
dispensing facility shall:
1)
Maintain and operate each vapor control system in
accordance with the owner’s instructions;
2)
Promptly notify the owner of any scheduled
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154
maintenance or malfunction requiring replacement
or repair of a major component of a vapor control
system;
3)
Maintain gauges, meters or other specified testing
devices in proper working order;
4)
Operate the vapor collection system and delivery
vessel unloading points in a manner that prevents:
A)
A reading equal to or greater than 100
percent of the lower explosive limit (LEL
measured as propane) when tested in
accordance with the procedure described in
EPA 450/2-78-051 Appendix B, and
B)
Avoidable leaks of liquid during the filling
of storage tanks; and
5)
Within 15 business days after discovery of the
leak by the owner,
operator, or the Agency, repair
and retest a vapor collection system which exceeds
the limits of subsection
(d) (4) (A).
e)
Gasoline dispensing facilities were required to take
certain actions to achieve compliance which are
summarized in 35
Ill.
Adm. Code 215, Appendix C.
Section 218.584
Gasoline Delivery Vessels
a)
Any delivery vessel equipped for vapor control by use
of vapor collection equipment:
1)
Shall have a vapor space connection that is
equipped with fittings which are vapor tight;
2)
Shall have its hatches closed at all times during
loading or unloading operations,
unless a top
loading vapor recovery system is used;
3)
Shall not internally exceed a gauge pressure of 18
inches of water or a vacuum of 6 inches of water;
4)
Shall be designed and maintained to be vapor tight
at all times during normal operations;
5)
Shall not be refilled in Illinois at other than:
A)
A bulk gasoline terminal that complies with
the requirements of Section 218.582 or
B)
A bulk gasoline plant that complies with the
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155
requirements of Section 218.581(b).
6)
Shall be tested annually in accordance with Method
27,
40 CFR 60, Appendix A, incorporated by
reference in Section 218.105.
Each vessel must be
repaired and retested within 15 business days
after discovery of the leak by the owner,
operator, or the Agency, when it fails to sustain:
A)
A pressure drop of no more than three inches
of water in five minutes; and
B)
A vacuum drop of no more than three inches of
water in five minutes.
b)
Any delivery vessel meeting the requirements of
subsection
(a)
shall have a sticker
a’ffixed to the tank
adjacent to the tank manufacturer’s data plate which
contains the tester’s name, the tank identification
number and the date of the test.
The sticker shall be
in a form prescribed by the Agency, and,
for those
delivery vessels subject to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 215 as of
December 31,
1987 shall have been displayed no later
than December 31,
1987.
c)
The owner or operator of a delivery vessel shall:
1)
Maintain copies of any test required under
subsection
(a) (6)
for a period of
3 years;
2)
Provide copies of these tests to the Agency upon
request; and
3)
Provide annual test result certification to bulk
gasoline plants and terminals where the delivery
vessel is loaded.
ci)
Any delivery vessel which has undergone and passed a
test in another state which has a USEPA-approved leak
testing and certification program will satisfy the
requirements of subsection
(a).
Delivery vessels must
display a sticker, decal or stencil approved by the
state where tested or comply with the requirements of
subsection
(b).
All such stickers, decals or stencils
shall have been displayed no later than December 31,
1987,
for delivery vessels subject to 35 Ill.
Adm.
Code
215 as of December 31,
1987.
Section 218.585
Gasoline Volatility Standards
a)
No person shall sell,
offer for sale, dispense,
supply,
offer for supply, or transport for use in Illinois
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156
gasoline whose Reid vapor pressure exceeds the
applicable limitations set forth in subsections
(b) and
(c) during the regulatory control periods, which shall
be July 1 to August 31 for retail outlets, wholesale
purchaser—consumer facilities, and all other
facilities.
b)
The Reid vapor pressure of gasoline,
a measure of its
volatility,
shall not exceed 9.5 psi (65.5 kPa) during
the regulatory control period in 1990 and each year
thereafter.
c)
The Reid vapor pressure of ethanol blend gasolines
shall not exceed the limitations for gasoline set forth
in subsection
(b) by more than 1.0 psi
(6.9 kPa).
Notwithstanding this limitation, blenders of ethanol
blend gasolines whose Reid vapor pressure is less than
1.0 psi above the base stock gasoline immediately after
blending with ethanol are prohibited from adding butane
or any product that will increase the Reid vapor
pressure of the blended gasoline.
d)
All sampling of gasoline required pursuant to the
provisions of this Section shall be conducted by one or
more of the following approved methods or procedures
which are incorporated by reference in Section 215.105.
1)
For manual sampling, ASTM D4057;
2)
For automatic sampling, ASTN D4177;
3)
Sampling procedures for Fuel Volatility,
40 CFR 80
Appendix D.
e)
The Reid vapor pressure of gasoline shall be measured
in accordance with either test method ASTM D323 or a
modification of ASTM D323 known as the “dry method” as
set forth in 40 CFR 80, Appendix E, incorporated by
reference in 35 Ill.
Adm. Code 215.105.
For gasoline
-
oxygenate blends which contain water—extractable
oxygenates, the Reid vapor pressure shall be measured
using the dry method test.
f)
The ethanol content of ethanol blend gasolines shall be
determined by use of one of the approved testing
methodologies specified in 40 CFR 80, Appendix F,
incorporated by reference in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 215.105.
g)
Any alternate to the sampling or testing methods or
procedures contained in subsections
(ci),
(e), and
(f)
must be approved by the Agency, which shall consider
data comparing the performance of the proposed
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157
alternative
to
the
performance
of
one
or
more
approved
test methods or procedures.
Such
data
shall
accompany
any request for Agency approval of any alternate test
procedure.
If the Agency determines that such data
demonstrates that the proposed alternative will achieve
results equivalent to the approved test methods or
procedures,
the Agency shall approve the proposed
alternative.
h)
Each refiner or supplier that distributes gasoline or
ethanol blends shall:
1)
During the regulatory control period,
state that
the Reid vapor pressure of all gasoline or ethanol
blends leaving the refinery or distribution
facility for use in Illinois complies with the
Reid vapor pressure limitations set forth in 35
Ill.
Adm. Code 215.585(b) and
(c).
Any facility
receiving this gasoline shall be provided with a
copy of an invoice, bill of lading, or other
documentation used in normal business practice
stating that the Reid vapor pressure of the
gasoline complies with the State Reid vapor
pressure standard.
2)
Maintain records for a period of one year on the
Reid vapor pressure, quantity shipped and date of
delivery of any gasoline or ethanol blends leaving
the refinery or distribution facility for use in
Illinois.
The Agency shall be provided with
copies of such records if requested.
SUBPART Z:
DRY CLEANERS
Section 218.601
Perchloroethylene Dry Cleaners
The owner or operator of a dry cleaning facility which uses
perchloroethylene shall:
a)
Vent the entire dryer exhaust through a properly
designed and functioning carbon adsorption system or
equally effective control device; and
b)
Emit
no more than 100 ppmv of VON from the dryer
control device before dilution, or achieve a 90 percent
average reduction before dilution; and
c)
Immediately repair all components found to be leaking
liquid VON; and
ci)
Cook or treat all diatomaceous earth filters so that
the residue contains 25 kg
(55 lb) or less of VON per
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158
100 kg (220 lb) of wet waste material; and
e)
Reduce the VON from all solvent stills to 60 kg
(132
lb) or less per 100 kg (220
lb) of wet waste material;
and
f)
Drain all filtration cartridges in the filter housing
or other sealed container for at least 24 hours before
discarding the cartridges; and
g)
Dry all drained filtration cartridges in equipment
connected to an emission reduction system or in a
manner that will eliminate emission of VON to the
atmosphere.
Section 218.602
Exemptions
The provisions of Section 218.601 are not applicable to
perchloroethylene dry cleaning operations which are coin—operated
or to dry cleaning facilities consuming less than 30 gal per
month
(360 gal per year)
of perchloroethylene.
Section 218.603
Leaks
The presence of leaks shall be determined for purposes of Section
218.601(c) by a visual inspection of the following: hose
connections, unions, couplings and valves; machine door gaskets
and seatings; filter head gasket and seating; pumps; base tanks
and storage containers; water separators; filter sludge recovery;
distillation unit; diverter valves; saturated lint from lint
baskets; and cartridge filters.
Section 218.604
Compliance Dates
Every owner or operator of an emission source previously subject
to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 215, Subpart Z,
shall have complied with its
standards and limitations in accordance with the applicable dates
set forth in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 215.604.
Section 218.605
Compliance Plan
a)
The owner or operator of an emission source subject to
this Subpart shall have submitted to the Agency a
compliance plan, pursuant to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 201,
Subpart H, including a project completion schedule
where applicable, no later than,
for Section 218.601(a)
and
(b), April 21,
1983.
b)
Unless the submitted compliance plan or schedule was
disapproved by the Agency, the owner or operator of a
facility or emission source may operate the emission
source according to the plan and schedule as submitted.
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159
c)
The plan and schedule shall meet the requirements of 35
Ill. Adm. Code 201, Subpart H,
including specific
interim dates as required in 35 Ill.
Adin. Code 201.242.
Section 218.606
Exception to Compliance Plan
Coin—operated dry cleaning operations and
dry
cleaning facilities
consuming less than 30 gal per month
(360 gal per year)
of
perchloroethylene are not required to submit or obtain an Agency
approved compliance plan or project completion schedule.
Section 218.607
Standards for Petroleum Solvent
Dry
Cleaners
a)
The owner or operator of a petroleum solvent dry
cleaning dryer shall either:
1)
Limit emissions of VON to the atmosphere to an
average of 3.5 kilograms of VOM per 100 kilograms
dry weight of articles dry cleaned,
or
2)
Install and operate a solvent recovery dryer in a
manner such that the dryer remains closed and the
recovery phase
continues until a final solvent
flow rate of 50 milliliters per minute is
attained.
b)
The owner or operator of a petroleum solvent filtration
system shall either:
1)
Reduce the VON content in all filtration wastes to
1.0 kilogram or less per 100 kilograms dry weight
of articles dry cleaned, before disposal, and
exposure to the atmosphere, or
2)
Install and operate a cartridge filtration system,
and drain the filter cartridges in their sealed
housings for 8 hours or more before their removal.
Section 218.608
Operating Practices for Petroleum Solvent Dry
Cleaners
In order to minimize fugitive solvent emissions, the owner or
operator of a petroleum solvent dry cleaning facility shall
employ good housekeeping practices including the following:
a)
General Housekeeping Requirements
1)
Equipment containing solvent (washers, dryers,
extractors and filters)
shall remain closed at all
times except during load transfer and maintenance.
Lint filter and button trap covers shall remain
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160
closed except when solvent—laden material is being
removed.
2)
Cans, buckets, barrels and other containers of
solvent or of solvent—laden material shall be
covered except when in use.
3)
Solvent—laden material shall be exposed to the
atmosphere only for the minimum time necessary for
load transfer.
b)
Installation and operation of equipment:
1)
All cartridge filters shall be enclosed and
operated in accordance with the procedures and
specifications recommended by the manufacturer for
the cartridge filter.
After installation, the
cartridges shall be inspected,
monitored and
maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s
recommendations; and
2)
Vents on containers for new solvent and for
solvent-containing waste shall be constructed and
maintained so as to minimize solvent vapor
emissions.
Criteria for the minimization of
solvent vapor emissions include the elimination of
solvent buckets and barrels standing open to the
atmosphere,
and the repair of gaskets and seals
that expose solvent—rich environments to the
atmosphere, to be determined through visual
inspection.
Section 218.609
Program for Inspection and Repair of
Leaks
a)
The owner or operator of a petroleum solvent dry
cleaning facility shall conduct the following visual
inspections on a weekly basis:
1)
Washers, dryers, solvent filters, settling tanks,
vacuum stills and containers and conveyors of
petroleum solvent shall be inspected for visible
leaks of solvent liquid.
2)
Pipes, hoses and fittings shall be inspected for
active dripping or dampness.
3)
Pumps and filters shall be inspected for leaks
around seals and access covers.
4)
Gaskets and seals shall be inspected for wear and
defects.
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161
b)
Leaks of petroleum solvent liquid and vapors shall be
repaired within three working days of detection, unless
necessary replacement parts are not on site.
1)
If necessary, repair parts shall be ordered within
three working days of detection of the leak.
2)
The leak shall be repaired within three days of
delivery of necessary parts.
Section 218.610
Testing and Monitoring
a)
Compliance with Sections 218.607(b) (2), 215.608 and
215.609 shall be determined by visual inspection;
and
b)
Compliance with Sections 218.607(a) (2)
and (b)(1)
shall
be determined by methods described in EPA-450/3-82-009
(1982)
incorporated by reference in Section 218.112.
c)
If a control device is used to comply with Section
218.607(a) (1), then compliance shall be determined
using 40 CFR 60 Appendix A, Method 25
(1984)
incorporated by reference in Section 218.112.
Section 218.611
Exemption for Petroleum Solvent Dry Cleaners
The provisions of Sections 218.607 through 218.610 shall not
apply to petroleum solvent dry cleaning facilities whose
emissions of VON do not exceed 91 megagrams
(100 tons) per year
in the absence of pollution control equipment or whose emissions
of VON,
as limited by the operating permit, will not exceed 91
megagrams (100 tons) per year in the absence of pollution control
equipment.
Section
218.612
Compliance
Dates
Owners and operators of emission sources subject to 35 Ill.
Adm.
Code 215.607 through 215.609 as of December 31,
1987 shall have
complied with the requirements set forth therein no later than
December 31,
1987.
Section 218.613
Compliance Plan
a)
The owner or operator of an emission source subject to
35 Ill.
Acm. Code 215.610(a) as of May 31,
1987 shall
have submitted to the Agency a compliance plan,
including a project completion schedule where
applicable, no later than May 31,
1987.
b)
The plan and schedule shall meet the requirements of 35
Ill. Adm. Code 201.
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162
SUBPART
AA:
PAINT
AND
INK
MANUFACTURING
Section
218.620
Applicability
a)
This subpart shall apply to all paint and ink
manufacturing plants which:
1)
Include process emission sources not subject to
Subparts B,
E, F (excluding Section 218.204(1)), H
excluding Section 218.405), Q,
R,
S,
V,
X,
Y or Z
of this Part; and which as a group both:
A)
have maximum theoretical emissions of 91 Mg
(100 tons)
or more per calendar year of VON
if no air pollution control equipment were
used,
and
B)
are not limited to less than 91 Mg
(100 tons)
of VON emissions per calendar year in the
absence of air pollution control equipment,
through production or capacity limitations
contained in a federally enforceable
construction permit or a SIP revision, or
2)
Produce more than 7,570,820
1
(2,000,000 gal) per
calendar year of paint or ink formulations, which
contain less than 10 percent
(by weight)
water,
and ink formulations not containing as the primary
solvents water, Magie oil or glycol.
b)
For the purposes of this Subpart, uncontrolled VON
emissions are the emissions of VON which would result
if no air pollution control equipment were used.
Section 218.621
Exemption for Waterbase Material and
Heatset-Offset Ink
The requirements of Sections 218.624 and 218.625 and Section
218.628(a)
shall not apply to equipment while it is being used to
produce either:
a)
paint or ink formulations which contain 10 percent or
more (by weight)
water, or
b)
inks containing Magie oil and glycol as the primary
solvent.
Section 218.623
Permit Conditions
No person shall violate any condition in a permit when the
condition results in exclusion of the plant or an emission source
124—5 10
163
from this Subpart.
Section 218.624
Open-top Mills, Tanks, Vats or Vessels
No person shall operate an open—top mill,
tank, vat or vessel
with a volume of more than 45 1
(12 gal) for the production of
paint or ink unless:
a)
The mill, tank, vat or vessel is equipped with a cover
which completely covers the mill,
tank, vat or vessel
opening except for an opening no larger than necessary
to allow for safe clearance for a mixer shaft.
Such
cover shall extend at least 1.27 cm
(0.5 in) beyond the
outer rim of the opening or be attached to the rim.
b)
The cover remains closed except when production,
sampling, maintenance or inspection procedures require
access.
c)
The cover is maintained in good condition such that,
when in place,
it maintains contact with the rim of the
opening for at least 90 percent of the circumference of
the rim.
Section 218.625
Grinding Mills
a)
No person shall operate a grinding mill for the
production of paint or ink which is not maintained in
accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications.
b)
No person shall operate a grinding mill fabricated or
modified after the effective date of this Subpart which
is not equipped with fully enclosed screens.
c)
The manufacturer’s specifications shall be kept on file
at the plant by the owner or operator of the grinding
mill and be made available to any person upon verbal or
written request during business hours.
Section 218.626
Storage Tanks
a)
The owner or operator shall equip tanks storing VOL
with a vapor pressure greater than 10 kPa (1.5 psi) at
20°C(68°F)with pressure/vacuum conservation vents set
as a minimum at +/-0.2 kPa (0.029 psi).
These controls
shall be operated at all times.
An alternative air
pollution control system may be used if it results in a
greater emission reduction than these controls.
Any
alternative control system can be allowed only if
approved by the Agency and approved by the USEPA as a
SIP revision.
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164
b)
Stationary VOL storage containers with a capacity
greater than 946 1 (250 gal)
shall be equipped with a
submerged-fill pipe or bottom ‘fill.
These controls
shall be operated at all times.
An alternative control
system can be allowed only if approved by the Agency
and approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision.
Section 218.628
Leaks
The owner or operator of a paint or ink manufacturing plant
shall,
for the purpose of detecting leaks, conduct an equipment
monitoring program as set forth below:
a)
Each pump shall be checked by visual inspection each
calendar week for indications of leaks, that is,
liquids dripping from the pump seal.
If there are
indications of liquids dripping from the pump seal,
the
pump shall be repaired as soon as practicable, but no
later than 15 calendar days after the leak is detected.
b)
Any pump,
valve, pressure relief valve, sampling
connection,
open—ended valve and flange or connector
containing a fluid which is at least 10 percent VOM by
weight which appears to be leaking on the basis of
sight,
smell or sound shall be repaired as soon as
practicable, but no later than 15 calendar days after
the leak is detected.
c)
A weather proof, readily visible tag,
in bright colors
such as red or yellow, bearing an identification number
and the date on which the leak was detected shall be
attached to leaking equipment.
The tag may be removed
upon repair, that is, when the equipment is adjusted or
otherwise altered to allow operation without leaking.
ci)
When a leak is detected, the owner or operator shall
record the date of detection and repair and the record
shall be retained at the plant for at least two years
from the date of each detection or each repair attempt.
The record shall be made available to any person upon
verbal or written request during business hours.
Section 218.630
Clean Up
a)
No person shall clean paint or ink manufacturing
equipment with organic solvent unless the equipment
being cleaned is completely covered or enclosed except
for an opening no larger than necessary to allow safe
clearance for proper operation of the cleaning
equipment, considering the method and materials being
used.
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165
b)
No person shall store organic wash solvent in other
than closed containers, unless closed containers are
demonstrated to be a safety hazard, or dispose of
organic wash solvent in a manner such that more than 20
percent by weight is allowed to evaporate into the
atmosphere.
Section 218.636
Compliance Schedule
Every owner or operator of an emission source subject to the
control requirements of this Subpart shall comply with the
requirements thereof on and after a date consistent with Section
218. 106.
Section 218.637
Recordkeeping and Reporting
a)
Upon request by the Agency, the owner or operator of an
emission source which claims to be exempt from the
requirements of this Subpart shall submit records to
the Agency within 30 calendar days from the date of the
request which document that the emission source is
in
fact exempt from this Subpart.
These records shall
include
(but are not limited to) the percent water
(by
weight)
in the paint or ink being produced and the
quantity of Magie oil, glycol and other solvents in the
ink being produced.
b)
Every owner or operator of an emission source which is
subject to the requirements of this Subpart shall
maintain all records necessary to demonstrate
compliance with those requirements at the facility for
three years.
SUBPART BB:
POLYSTYRENE PLANTS
Section 218.875
Applicability of Subpart BB
The provisions of this Subpart shall apply to polystyrene plants:
a)
Which use continuous processes to manufacture
polystyrene
-
polybutadiene co-polymer; and
b)
Which fall within Standard Industrial Classification
Group No.
282, Industry No. 2821,
except that the
manufacture of polystyrene resins need not be the
primary manufacturing process at the plant.
Section 218.877
Emissions Limitation at Polystyrene Plants
No person shall cause or allow the emissions of VON from the
material recovery section to exceed 0.12 kg of Volatile Organic
Material per 1000 kg of polystyrene resin produced.
124—5 13
166
Section 218.879
Compliance Date
Every owner and operator of an emission source subject to 35 Ill.
Adm. Code 215, Subpart BB,
as of December 31, 1987,
shall have
complied with its standards and limitations by December 31,
1987.
Section 218.881
Compliance Plan
a)
The owner or operator of an emission source formerly
subject to the requirements of 35
Ill. Adm. Code 215
Subpart BB shall have submitted to the Agency a
compliance plan in accordance with 35
Ill.
Admu. Code
201, Subpart H, including a project completion schedule
on or before December 1, 1987.
b)
Unless the submitted compliance plan or schedule was
disapproved by the Agency, the owner or operator of a
facility or emission source subject to this Subpart may
operate the emission source according to the plan and
schedule as submitted.
c)
The plan and schedule shall meet the requirements of 35
Ill. Adm. Code 201, Subpart H and Section 218.883.
Section 218.883
Special Requirements for Compliance Plan
For sources subject to this Subpart, an approvable compliance
plan shall include:
a)
A description of each process which is subject to an
emissions limitation;
b)
Quantification of the emissions from each process;
C)
A description of the procedures and methods used to
determine the emissions of VON;
ci)
A description of the methods which will be used to
demonstrate compliance with the allowable plantwide
emission limitation (Section 215.877), including a
method of inventory, recordkeeping and emission
calculation or measurement.
Section 218.886
Testing and Monitoring
a)
Upon a reasonable request by the Agency, the owner or
operator of a polystyrene plant subject to this Subpart
shall at his own expense demonstrate compliance by use
of the following method:
40 CFR 60, Appendix A, Method
25
—
Determination of Total Gaseous Non—Methane Organic
Emissions as Carbon
(1984), incorporated by reference
124—5 14
167
in Section 218.112.
b)
A person planning to conduct a VON emissions test to
demonstrate compliance with this Subpart shall notify
the Agency of that intent not less than 30 days before
the planned initiation of the tests so the Agency may
observe the test.
SUBPART PP:
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED PRODUCT MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
Section 218.920
Applicability
a)
The requirements of this Subpart shall apply to a
plant’s miscellaneous fabricated product manufacturing
process emission sources which are not included within
any of the source categories specified in Subparts B,
E,
F,
H,
Q,
It,
S,
V1
X, Y or Z if the plant is subject
to this Subpart.
A plant is subject to this Subpart if
it contains process emission sources, not regulated by
Subparts B,
E, F
(excluding Section 218.204(1)), H
(excluding Section 218.405),
Q,
R,
S, V,
X, Y or Z of
this Part; which as a group both:
1)
have maximum theoretical emissions of 91 Mg (100
tons)
or more per calendar year of VON if no air
pollution control equipment were used, and
2)
are not limited to less than 91 Mg
(100 tons) of
VON emissions per calendar year in the absence of
air pollution control equipment, through
production or capacity limitations contained in a
federally enforceable construction permit or a SIP
revision.
b)
If a plant ceases to fulfill the criteria of subsection
(a), the requirements of this Subpart shall continue to
apply to a miscellaneous fabricated products
manufacturing process emission source which was ever
subject to the control requirements of Section 218.926.
C)
No limits under this Subpart shall apply to emission
sources with emissions of VOM to the atmosphere less
than or equal to 0.91 Mg (1.0 ton) per calendar year if
the total emissions from such sources not complying
with Section 218.926 does not exceed 4.5 Mg (5.0 tons)
per calendar year.
ci)
For the purposes of this Subpart, an emission source
shall be considered regulated by a Subpart if it is
subject to the limits of that Subpart.
An emission
source is not considered regulated by a Subpart if its
124—515
168
emissions are below the applicability cutoff level or
if the source is covered by an exemption.
e)
For the purposes of this Subpart, uncontrolled VON
emissions are the emissions of VON which would result
if no air pollution control equipment were used.
Section 218.923
Permit Conditions
No person shall violate any condition in a permit when
the
condition results in exclusion of the plant or an emission source
from this Subpart.
Section 218.926
Control Requirements
Every owner or operator of an emission source subject to this
Subpart shall comply with the requirements of subsection
(a),
(b)
or
(c):
a)
Emission capture and control techniques which achieve
an overall reduction in uncontrolled VON emissions of
at least 81 percent, or
b)
For coating lines,
the daily-weighted average VON
content shall not exceed 0.42 kg VOM/l
(3.5 lbs
VON/gal) of coating as applied
(minus water and any
compounds which are specifically exempted from the
definition of VON) during any day.
Owners and
operators complying with this Section are not required
to comply with Section 218.301, or
C)
An alternative control plan which has been approved by
the Agency and approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision.
Section 218.927
Compliance Schedule
Every owner or operator of an emission source subject to the
control requirements of this Subpart shall comply with the
requirements thereof on and after a date consistent with Section
218. 106.
Section 218.928
Testing
a)
When in the opinion of the Agency it is necessary to
conduct testing to demonstrate compliance with Section
281.926, the owner or operator of a VON emission source
subject
to the requirements of this Subpart shall,
at
his own expense, conduct such tests in accordance with
the applicable test methods and procedures specified in
Section 218.105.
b)
Nothing in this Section shall limit the authority of
124—516
169
the USEPA pursuant to the Clean Air Act,
as amended, to
require testing.
SUBPART
QQ:
MISCELLANEOUS
FORMULATION
MANUFACTURING
PROCESSES
Section 218.940
Applicability
a)
The requirements of this Subpart shall apply to a
plant’s miscellaneous formulation manufacturing process
emission
sources,
which
are
not
included within any of
the source categories specified in Subparts B,
E,
F,
H,
Q,
R,
5,
V,
X, Y or Z of this Part if the plant is
subject to this Subpart.
A plant is subject to this
Subpart if it contains process emission sources, not
regulated
by
Subparts
B,
E,
F
(excluding
Section
218.204(1)),
H
(excluding
Section
218.405),
Q,
R,
5, V,
X, Y or Z of this Part; which as a group both:
1)
have maximum theoretical emissions of 91 Mg (100
tons)
or
more
per
calendar
year
of
VOM
if
no
air
pollution
control
equipment
were
used,
and
2)
are
not
limited
to
less
than
91
Mg
(100 tons)
of
VON
emissions
per
calendar
year
in
the
absence
of
air
pollution
control
equipment,
through
production or capacity limitations contained in a
federally enforceable construction permit or a SIP
or FIP revision.
b)
If a plant ceases to fulfill the criteria of subsection
(a), the requirements of this Subpart shall continue to
apply to a miscellaneous formulation manufacturing
process emission source which was ever subject to the
control requirements of Section 218.946.
c)
No limits under this Subpart shall apply to emission
sources with emissions of VON to the atmosphere less
than or equal to 2.3 Mg (2.5 tons) per calendar year if
the total emissions from such sources not complying
with this Section does not exceed 4.5 Mg (5.0 tons)
per
calendar year.
ci)
For the purposes of this Subpart, an emission source
shall be considered regulated by a Subpart if it is
subject to the limits of that Subpart.
An emission
source is not considered regulated by a Subpart if its
emissions are below the applicability cutoff level or
if the source is covered by an exemption.
e)
For the purposes of this Subpart, uncontrolled VON
emissions are the emissions of VOM which would result
if no air pollution control equipment were used.
124—517
170
Section 218.943
Permit Conditions
No person shall violate any condition in a permit when the
condition results in exclusion of the plant or an emission source
from this Subpart.
Section 218.946
Control Requirements
Every owner or operator of an emission source subject to this
Subpart shall comply with the requirements of subsection
(a)
or
(b) below.
a)
Emission capture and control techniques which achieve
an overall reduction in uncontrolled VON emissions of
at least 81 percent, or
b)
An alternative control plan which has been approved by
the Agency and approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision.
Section 218.947
Compliance Schedule
Every owner or operator of an emission source subject to the
control requirements of this Subpart shall comply with the
requirements thereof on and after a date consistent with Section
218.106.
Section 218.948
Testing
a)
When in the
opinion
of
the
Agency
it is necessary to
conduct testing to demonstrate
compliance
with
Section
218.946, the owner or operator of a VON emission source
subject to the requirements of this Subpart shall,
at
his own expense, conduct such tests in accordance with
the applicable test methods and procedures specified in
Section 218.105.
b)
Nothing in this Section shall limit the authority of
the USEPA pursuant to the Clean Air Act, as amended, to
require testing.
SUBPART RR:
MISCELLANEOUS ORGANIC CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
Section 218.960
Applicability
a)
The requirements of this Subpart shall apply to a
plant’s miscellaneous organic chemical manufacturing
process emission sources which are not included within
any of the source categories specified in Subparts B,
E,
F,
H,
Q,
R,
5,
V,
X,
Y or
Z
of
this
Part,
if
the
plant
is
subject
to
this Subpart.
A plant is subject
124—5 18
171
to
this
Subpart
if
it contains process emission
sources,
not
regulated
by
Subparts
B,
E,
F
(excluding
Section 218.204(1)), H (excluding Section 218.405), Q,
R,
S,
V,
X, Y or
z
of this Part; which as a group both:
1)
have maximum theoretical emissions of 91 Mg (100
tons)
or more per calendar year of VON if no air
pollution control equipment were used, and
2)
are not limited to less than 91 Mg
(100 tons)
of
VOM emissions per calendar year in the absence of
air pollution control equipment,
through
production or capacity limitations contained in a
federally enforceable construction permit or a SIP
revision.
b)
If
a plant ceases to fulfill the criteria of subsection
(a), the requirements of this Subpart shall continue to
apply to a miscellaneous organic chemical manufacturing
process emission source which was ever subject to the
control requirements of Section 218.966.
c)
No limits under this Subpart shall apply to emission
sources with emissions of VON to the atmosphere less
than or equal to 0.91 Mg (1.0 ton) per calendar year if
the total emissions from such sources not complying
with Section 218.966 does not exceed 4.5 Mg (5.0 tons)
per calendar year.
ci)
For the purposes of this Subpart, an emission source
shall be considered regulated by a Subpart if it is
subject to the limits of that Subpart.
An emission
source is not considered regulated by a Subpart if its
emissions are below the applicability cutoff level or
if the source is covered by an exemption.
e)
For the purposes of this Subpart, uncontrolled VON
emissions are the emissions of VON which would result
if no air pollution control equipment were used.
Section 218.963
Permit Conditions
No person shall violate any condition in a permit when the
condition results in exclusion of the plant or an emission source
from this Subpart.
Section
218.966
Control
Requirements
Every
owner
or operator of an emission source subject to this
Subpart shall comply with the requirements of subsection
(a) or
(b) below.
124—519
172
a)
Emission
capture
and control techniques which achieve
an overall reduction in uncontrolled VON emissions of
at least 81 percent, or
b)
An
alternative
control
plan
which
has
been
approved
by
the Agency and approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision.
Section
218.967
Compliance
Schedule
Every owner or operator of an emission source subject to the
control
requirements
of
this
Subpart
shall
comply with the
requirements of this Subpart on and after a date consistent with
Section
218.106.
Section
218.968
Testing
a)
When in
the
opinion
of
the Agency it is necessary to
conduct testing to demonstrate compliance with Section
218.966, the owner or operator of a VON emission source
subject
to
the
requirements
of
this Subpart shall, at
his
own
expense,
conduct
such
tests
in
accordance
with
the
applicable
test
methods
and
procedures
specified
in
Section 218.105.
b)
Nothing
in
this
Section
shall
limit
the
authority
of
the
USEPA
pursuant
to
the
Clean
Air
Act,
as amended, to
require testing.
SUBPART
TT:
OTHER
EMISSION
SOURCES
Section
218.980
Applicability
a)
The
requirements
of this Subpart shall apply to a
plant’s VON emission
sources,
which
are
not
included
within any of the source categories specified in
Subparts B,
E,
F,
H,
Q,
R,
5,
V1
X,
Y,
Z,
AA,
PP, QQ,
or RR of this Part,
or are not exempted from permitting
requirements
pursuant
to
35
Ill.
Adm.
Code
201.146,
if
the
plant
is
subject
to
this
Subpart.
A
plant
is
subject
to this Subpart if it contains process emission
sources, not regulated by Subparts B,
E, F (excluding
Section 218.204(1)), H (excluding Section 218.405),
Q,
R,
5,
V1
X,
Y or
Z
of this Part, which as a group both:
1)
have maximum theoretical emissions of 91 Mg
(100
tons)
or more per calendar year of VON if no air
pollution control equipment were used,
and
2)
are not limited to less than 91 Mg
(100 tons)
of
VON emissions per calendar year in the absence of
air pollution control equipment, through
production or capacity limitations contained in a
124—520
173
federally
enforceable
construction
or
operating
permit
or a SIP revision.
b)
If a plant ceases to fulfill the criteria of subsection
(a), the requirements of this Subpart shall continue to
apply to an emission source which was ever subject to
the control requirements of Section 218.986.
c)
No limits under this Subpart shall apply to emission
sources with emissions of VON to the atmosphere less
than or equal to 2.3 Mg
(2.5 tons) per calendar year if
the total emissions from such sources not complying
with Section 218.986 does not exceed 4.5 Mg (5.0 tons)
per calendar year.
d)
For the purposes of this Subpart, an emission source
shall be considered regulated by a Subpart if it is
subject to the limits of that Subpart.
An emission
source is not considered regulated by a Subpart if its
emissions are below the applicability cutoff level or
if the source is covered by an exemption.
e)
The control requirements in Subparts QQ,
RR,
SS and TT
shall not apply to sewage treatment plants, vegetable
oil processing plants, coke ovens
(including by—product
recovery plants),
fuel combustion sources, bakeries,
barge loading facilities, jet engine test cells,
pharmaceutical manufacturing, production of polystyrene
foam insulation board (including storage and extrusion
of scrap where blowing agent is added to the
polystyrene resin at the plant), production of
polystyrene foam packaging (not including storage and
extrusion of scrap where blowing agent is added to the
polystyrene resin at the plant), and iron and steel
production.
Section 218.983
Permit Conditions
No person shall violate any condition in a permit when the
condition results in exclusion of the plant or an emission source
from this Subpart.
Section 218.986
Control Requirements
Every owner or operator of an emission source subject to this
Subpart shall comply with the requirements of subsection
(a),
(b)
or
(c) below.
a)
Emission capture and control equipment which achieve an
overall reduction in uncontrolled VON emissions of at
least 81 percent, or
124—52 1
174
b)
For
coating
lines,
the daily-weighted average VON
content
shall
not
exceed
0.42
kg
VOM/l
(3.5
lbs
VON/gal)
of coating (minus water and any compounds
which are specifically exempted from the definition of
VON)
as applied during any day.
Owners and operators
complying with this Section are not required to comply
with Section 218.301, or
c)
An alternative control plan which has been approved by
the Agency and approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision.
Section 218.987
Compliance Schedule
Every owner or operator of an emissions source which is subject
to this Subpart shall comply with the requirements of this
Subpart on and after a date consistent with Section 218.106.
Section 218.988
Testing
a)
When in the opinion of the Agency it is necessary to
conduct testing to demonstrate compliance with Section
218.986, the owner or operator of a VON emission source
subject to the requirements of this Subpart shall, at
his own expense, conduct such tests in accordance with
the applicable test methods and procedures specified~in
Section 218.105.
b)
Nothing in this Section shall limit the authority of
the USEPA pursuant to the Clean Air Act, as amended, to
require testing.
SUBPART UU:
RECORDKEEPING
AND
REPORTING FOR NON-CTG SOURCES
Section 218.990
Exempt Emission Sources
Upon request by the Agency, the owner or operator of an emission
source which is exempt from the requirements of Subparts PP,
QQ,
RR, TT or Section 218.208(b)
shall submit records to the Agency
within 30 calendar days from the date of the request that
document that the emission source is exempt from those
requirements.
Section 218.991
Subject Emission Sources
a)
Any owner or operator of a VON emission source which is
subject to the requirements of Subpart PP,
QQ,
RR or TT
and
complying
by
the
use
of
emission
capture
and
control equipment shall comply with the following:
1)
By a date consistent with Section 218.106, or upon
initial start—up of a new emission source, the
owner or operator of the subject VON emission
124—522
175
source shall
demonstrate
to
the
Agency
that
the
subject emission source will be in compliance on
and after a date consistent with Section 218.106,
or on and after the initial start-up date by
submitting to the Agency all calculations and
other supporting data,
including descriptions and
results of any tests the owner or operator may
have performed.
2)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, or on and after the, initial start-up
date, the owner or operator of a subject VON
emission source shall collect and record all of
the following information each day and maintain
the information at the facility for a ‘period of
three years:
A)
Control device monitoring data.
B)
A log of operating time for the capture
system, control device, monitoring equipment
and the associated emission source.
C)
A maintenance log for the capture system,
control device and monitoring equipment
detailing all routine and non—routine
maintenance performed including dates and
duration of any outages.
3)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, the owner or operator of a subject VON
emission source shall notify the Agency in the
following instances:
A)
Any record showing a violation of the
requirements of Subpart PP,
QQ, RR or TT
shall be reported by sending a copy of such
record to the Agency within 30 days following
the occurrence of the violation.
B)
At least 30 calendar days before changing the
method of compliance with Subpart PP or TT
from the use of capture systems and control
devices to the use of complying coatings, the
owner or operator shall comply with all
requirements of subsection
(b) (1).
Upon
changing the method of compliance with
Subpart PP or TT from the use of capture
systems and control devices to the use of
complying coatings, the owner or operator
shall comply with all requirements of
subsection
(b).
124~523
176
4)
When
in
the
opinion
of
the
Agency
it
is
necessary
to conduct testing to demonstrate compliance with
this Subpart, the owner or operator of a VON
emission source subject to the requirements of
this Subpart shall, at his own expense,
conduct
such tests in accordance with the applicable test
methods and procedures specified in Section
218.105.
Nothing in this Section shall limit the
authority of the USEPA pursuant to the Clean Air
Act,
as
amended,
to
require
testing.
b)
Any owner or operator of a coating line which is
subject to the requirements of Subpart PP or TT and
complying by means of the daily-weighted average VON
content limitation shall comply with the following:
1)
By a date consistent with Section 218.106, or upon
initial start-up of a coating line subject to
Subpart PP or TT, the owner or operator of the
subject coating line shall certify to the Agency
that the coating line will be in compliance on and
after a date consistent with Section 218.106, or
on and after the initial start-up date.
Such
certification shall include:
A)
The name and identification number of each
coating line which will comply by means of
the daily-weighted average VON content
limitation.
B)
The name and identification number of each
coating as applied on each coating line.
C)
The weight of VON per volume and the volume
of each coating
(minus water and any
compounds which are specifically exempted
from the definition of VOM) as applied each
day on each coating line.
D)
The instrument or method by which the owner
or operator will accurately measure or
calculate the volume of each coating as
applied each day on each coating line.
E)
The method by which the owner or operator
will create and maintain records each day as
required in subsection
(b) (2).
F)
An example of the format in which the records
required in subsection
(b)(2)
will be kept.
124—524
177
2)
On
and
after
a
date
consistent
with
Section
218.106,
or
on
and
after
the
initial
start-up
date,
the
owner
or operator of a subject coating
line shall collect and record all of the following
information each day for each coating line and
maintain the information at the facility for a
period of three years:
A)
The name and identification number of each
coating as applied on each coating line.
B)
The weight of VON per volume and the volume
of each coating (minus water and any
compounds which are specifically exempted
from the definition of VOM) as applied each
day on each coating line.
C)
The daily-weighted average VON content of all
coatings as applied on each coating line as
defined in Section 218.104.
3)
On and after
a date consistent with Section
218.106, the owner or operator of a subject
coating line shall notify the Agency in the
following instances:
A)
Any record showing violation of the
requirements of Subpart PP or TT shall be
reported by sending a copy of such record to
the Agency and the USEPA within 30 days
following the occurrence of the violation.
B)
At least 30 calendar days before changing the
method of compliance with Subpart PP or TT
from the use of complying coatings to the use
capture systems and control devices, the
owner or operator shall comply with all
requirements of subsection
(a) (1).
Upon
changing the method of compliance with
Subpart PP or TT from the use of complying
coatings to the use capture systems and
control devices, the owner or operator shall
comply with all requirements of subsection
(a).
c)
Any owner or operator of a VON emission source which is
subject to the requirements of Subpart PP,
QQ,
RR or TT
and complying by means of an alternative control plan
which has been approved by the Agency and approved by
the USEPA as a SIP revision shall comply with the
recordkeeping and reporting requirements specified in
the alternative control plan.
124—525
178
Appendix A
List of Chemicals Defining Synthetic Organic
Chemical and Polymer Manufacturing
CAS No.
a
Chemical
105—57—7
Acetal
75-07-0
Acetaldehyde
107-89-1
Acetaldol
60—35-5
Acetamide
103-84-4
Acetanilide
64-19-7
Acetic acid
108-24-7
Acetic anhydride
67-64-1
Acetone
75-86-5
Acetone cyanohydrin
75-05-8
Acetonitrile
98-86-2
Acetophenone
75-36-5
Acetyl chloride
74-86-2
Acetylene
107—02—8
Acrolein
79-06-1
Acrylamide
79-10-7
Acrylic acid
& esters
107-13-1
Acrylonitrile
124-04-9
Adipic acid
111—69—3
Adiponitrile
~b)
Alkyl naphthalenes
107—18—6
Allyl alcohol
107-05—1
Allyl chloride
1321-11-5
Aminobenzoic acid
111-41-1
Aminoethylethanolamine
123-30-8
p-aminophenol
628-63-7,
Amyl acetates
123—92—2
7l_41_0c
Amnyl alcohols
110—58—7
Amyl amine
543-59-9
Ainyl
chloride
llO~68~lc
Amnyl
mercaptans
1322-06—1
Amnyl phenol
62—53—3
Aniline
142-04-1
Aniline
hydrochloride
29191—52—4
Anisidine
100—66—3
Anisole
118-92-3
Anthranilic
acid
84-65-1
Anthraquinone
100-52-7
Benzaldehyde
55-21—0
Benzamide
71-43-2
Benzene
98-48—6
Benzenedisulfonic acid
98-11-3
Benzenesulfonic
acid
134—81—6
Benzil
76-93-7
Benzilic acid
65-85-0
Benzoic acid
124—526
179
119—53—9
Benzoin
100—47—0
Benzonitrile
119-61—9
Benzophenone
98-07-7
Benzotrichloride
98-88-4
Benzoyl chloride
100-51—6
Benzyl alcohol
100—46—9
Benzylamine
120-51—4
Benzyl benzoate
100-44-7
Benzyl chloride
98-87-3
Benzyl dichloride
92-52—4
Biphenyl
80-05-7
Bisphenol
A
10-86-1
Bromobenzene
27497-51—4
Bromonaphthalene
106—99—0
Butadiene
106-98—9
l—butene
123-86-4
n-butyl acetate
141-32-2
n-butyl acrylate
71-36-3
n—butyl
alcohol
78—92—2
s—butyl alcohol
75-65-0
t-butyl
alcohol
109-73-9
n-butylamine
13952-84—6
s-butylamine
75-64-9
t-butylamine
98-73-7
p-tert-butyl benzoic acid
107-88-0
1,3-butylene glycol
123-72-8
n-butyraldehyde
107-92-6
Butyric acid
106-31-0
Butyric arthydride
109-74-0
Butyronitrile
105-60-2
Caprolactam
75-1-50
Carbon disulfide
558-13-4
Carbon tetrabromide
55-23-5
Carbon tetrachloride
9004-35-7
Cellulose acetate
79-11-8
Chloroacetic
acid
108-42-9
m-chloroaniline
95-51-2
o-chloroaniline
106-47-8
p-chloroaniline
35913-09-8
Chlorobenzaldehyde
108-90-7
Chlorobenzene
118-91-2,
Chlorobenzoic
acid
535—80—8,
74—11—3c
2136-81—4,
Chlorobenzotrichloride
2136—89—2,
52l6—25—lc
1321-03-5
Chlorobenzoyl chloride
75-45-6
Chlorodifluoroethane
25497-29-4
Chlorodifluoromethane
67—66—3
Chloroform
25586-43-0
Chloronaphthalene
124—527
180
88—73—3
o—chloronitrobenzene
100-00-5
p-chloronitrobenzene
25167—80-0
Chlorophenols
126-99—8
Chloroprene
7790-94—5
Chlorosulfonic acid
108—41—8
m—chlorotoluene
95—49-8
o-chlorotoluene
106-43-4
p-chlorotoluene
75-72-9
Chiorotrifluoromethane
108—39—4
mn—cresol
95—48—7
o—cresol
106—44-5
p—cresol
1319-77—3
Mixed cresols
1319—77—3
Cresylic acid
4170-30—0
Crotonaldehyde
3724-65—0
Crontonic acid
98-82-8
Cumene
80-15-9
Cumuene hydroperoxide
372-09-8
Cyanoacetic acid
506-77-4
Cyanogen chloride
108-80-5
Cyanuric acid
108-77-0
Cyanuric chloride
110-82-7
Cyclohexane
108-93-0
Cyclohexanol
108-94-1
Cyclohexanone
110-83-8
Cyclohexene
108-91—8
Cyclohexylamine
111-78—4
Cyclooctadiene
112-30—1
Decanol
123-42—2
Diacetone alcohol
27576-04—1
Diaminobenzoic acid
95-76—1,
Dichloroaniline
95—82—9,
554—00—7,
608—27—5,
608—31—1,
626—43—7,
27134—27—6,
57311—92—9c
541-73—1
m—dichlorobenzene
95-50—1
o—dichlorobenzene
106—46—7
p—dichlorobenzene
75-71—8
Dichlorodifluoroiuethane
111-44-4
Dichloroethyl ether
107-06—2
l,2—dichloroethane
(EDC)
96-23-1
Dichlorohydrin
26952—23-8
Dichloropropene
101-83-7
Dicyclohexylamine
109-89-7
Diethylamine
111-46—6
Diethylene
glycol
112-36-7
Diethylene glycol diethyl ether
111-96-6
Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether
124—528
181
112-34-5
Diethylene
glycol
monobutyl
ether
124-17-7
Diethylene
glycol
mononbutyl
ether
acetate
111-90-0
Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether
112-15-2
Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate
111-77-3
Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether
64-67-5
Diethyl sulfate
75-37-6
Difluoroethane
25167—70-8
Diisobutylene
26761—40-0
Diisodecyl phthalate
27554-26-3
Diisooctyl phthalate
674—82—8
Diketene
124—40—3
Dimethylamine
121—69—7
N,N-dimethylaniline
115-10-6
N,N-dimethyl ether
68-12-2
N,N-dimethyl formamide
57-14-7
Dimethylhydrazine
77—78—1
Dimethyl sulfate
75-18-3
Dimethyl
sulfide
67-68-5
Dimethyl sulfoxide
120-61-6
Dimethyl terephthalate
99-34—3
3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid
51-28-5
Dinitrophenol
Dinitrotoluene
123-91-1
Dioxane
646-06-0
Dioxilane
122-39-4
Diphenylamine
101-84-4
Diphenyl oxide
102-08-9
Diphenyl thiourea
25265—71-8
Dipropylene
glycol
25378-22—7
Dodecene
28675-17-4
Dodecylaniline
27193-86-8
Dodecylphenol
106-89-8
Epichlorohydrin
64—17-5
Ethanol
14l_43_5c
Ethanolamines
141-78-6
Ethyl acetate
141-97—9
Ethyl acetoacetate
140-88-5
Ethyl acrylate
75-04-7
Ethylamine
100-41-4
Ethylbenzene
74-96-4
Ethyl bromide
9004-57-3
Ethylcellulose
75-00-3
Ethyl chloride
105-39-5
Ethyl chloroacetate
105-56-6
Ethylcyanoacetate
74-85-1
Ethylene
96-49-1
Ethylene carbonate
107-07-3
Ethylene chlorohydrin
107-15-3
Ethylenediamine
106-93-4
Ethylene dibromide
107—21-.
Ethylene glycol
111-55-7
Ethylene glycol diacetate
124—529
182
110-71-4
Ethylene
glycol
dimethyl
ether
111-76-2
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether
112-07—2
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate
110-80-5
Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether
111-15-9
Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate
109-86-4
Ethylene
glycol
monoethyl
ether
110-49-6
Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
122-99-6
Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether
2807-30-9
Ethylene glycol monopropyl ether
75-21-8
Ethylene oxide
60-29-7
Ethyl ether
104-76—7
2—ethylhexanol
122-51-0
Ethyl
orthoformate
95-92-1
Ethyl
oxalate
41892—71—1
Ethyl sodium oxaloacetate
50-00-0
Formaldehyde
75—12—7
Formamide
64-18-6
Formic acid
110—17—8
Fumuaric acid
98—01—1
Furfural
56-81—5
Glycerol
(Synthetic)
26545—73-7
Glycerol dichlorohydrin
25791—96-2
Glycerol triether
56—40—6
Glycine
107—22—2
Glyoxal
118-74-1
Hexachlorobenzene
67-72-1
Hexachloroethane
36653-82-4
Hexadecyl alcohol
124-09-4
Hexamethylenediamine
629-11-8
Hexamethylene glycol
100-97-0
Hexamethylenetetramine
74-90-8
Hydrogen cyanide
123-31-9
•Hydroquinone
99—96-7
p—hydroxybenzoic acid
26760—64—5
Isoamylene
78-83-1
Isobutanol
110-19-0
Isobutyl acetate
115-11-7
Isobutylene
78-84-2
Isobutyraldehyde
79-31-2
Isobutyric acid
25339-17—7
Isodecanol
26952-21—6
Isooctyl alcohol
78-78-4
Isopentane
78-59-1
Isophorone
121-91—5
Isophthalic acid
78—79-5
Isoprene
67—63-0
Isopropanol
108-21-4
Isopropyl acetate
75—31—0
Isopropylamine
75-29-6
Isopropyl chloride
25168-06-3
Isopropylphenol
463—51—4
Ketene
124—530
183
~b)
Linear alkyl sulfonate*
123—01—3
Linear alkylbenzene
110—16—7
Maleic acid
108—31—6
Maleic
anhydride
6915—15—7
Malic acid
141-79—7
Nesityl oxide
121-47-1
Metanilic acid
79-41-4
Nethacrylic acid
563—47—3
Methallyl
chloride
67—56—1
Methanol
79-20-9
Methyl acetate
105-45-3
Methyl acetoacetate
74-89-5
Methylamine
100—61—8
n—methylaniline
74—83-9
Methyl bromide
37365-71-2
Methyl butynol
74-87-3
Methyl chloride
108-87-2
Methyl cyclohexane
1331-22-2
Methyl cyclohexanone
75-09-2
Methylene chloride
101-77-9
Nethylene
dianiline
101-68-8
Nethylene diphenyl diisocyanate
78-93-3
Methyl ethyl ketone
107-31-3
Methyl formate
108-11-2
Methyl isobutyl carbinol
108-10-1
Methyl isobutyl ketone
80-62-6
Methyl methacrylate
77-75—8
Methylpentynol
98-83-9
B—methylstyrene
110-91—8
Morpholine
85-47-2
a-naphthalene sulfonic acid
120-18-3
B-naphthalene sulfonic acid
90-15-3
a—naphthol
135-19-3
B-naphthol
75-98-9
Neopentanoic acid
88—74-4
o-nitroaniline
100-01—6
p—nitroaniline
91-23—6
o—nitroanisole
100-17—4
p—nitroanisole
98-95-3
Nitrobenzene
Nitrobenzoic acid
(0,
mu &
p)
79-24-3
Nitroethane
75-52-5
Nitromethane
88—75-5
Nitrophenol
25322-01—4
Nitropropane
1321-12-6
Nitrotoluene
27215—95—8
Nonene
25154—52-3
Nonylphenol
27193-28-8
Octylphenol
123-63-7
Paraldehyde
115—77-5
Pentaerythritol
109—66—0
n-pentane
124—531
184
109-67—1
1—pentene
127-18—4
Perchloroethylene
594-42-3
Perchloromethyl mercaptan
94-70-2
o-phenetidine
156-43-4
p-phenetidine
108—95—2
Phenol
98-67—9,
Phenolsulfonic acids
585—38—6,
609—46—1,
l33—39—7c
91-40-7
Phenyl
anthranilic
acid
~b)
Phenylenediamine
75-44-5
Phosgene
85-44-9
Phthalic anhydride
85-41-6
Phthalimide
108—99—6
b-picoline
110—85—0
Piperazine
9003—29—6,
Polybutenes
25036_29_7c
25322-68-3
Polyethylene glycol
25322-69-4
Polypropylene
glycol
123-38-6
Propionaldehyde
79-09-4
Propionic acid
71-23-8
n-propyl
alcohol
107-10-8
Propylamine
540-54-5
Propyl chloride
115-07-1
Propylene
127-00-4
Propylene chlorohydrin
78-87-5
Propylene dichloride
57-55-6
Propylene glycol
75-56-9
Propylene oxide
110—86—1
Pyridine
106-51—4
Quinone
108—46-3
Resorcinol
27138—57—4
Resorcylic acid
69—72—7
Salicylic acid
127-09-3
Sodium acetate
532-32-1
Sodium benzoate
9004-32-4
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose
3926-62-3
Sodium chloroacetate
141—53—7
Sodium formate
139-02-6
Sodium phenate
110-44-1
Sorbic
acid
100—42—5
Styrene
110—15—6
Succinic
acid
110—61—2
Succinitrile
121—57—3
Sulfanilic acid
126-33—0
Sulfolane
1401—55—4
Tannic acid
100-21-0
Terephthalic acid
Tetrachloroethanes
117-08-8
Tetrachlorophthalic anhydride
124—532
185
78—00—2
Tetraethyllead
119-64-2
Tetrahydronaphthalene
85—43—8
TetrahydrophthalIc
anhydride
75-74—1
Tetramethyllead
110-60-1
Tetramnethylenediamine
110-18-9
Tetramethylethylenedlamine
108-88—3
Toluene
95—80—7
Toluene—2,4—diamine
584-84-9
Toluene—2, 4—duisocyanate
26471-62-5
Toluene diisocyanates
(mixture)
1333—07-9
Toluene sulfonamide
Toluenesulfonic acids
98—59-9
Toluene sulfonyl chloride
26915—12—8
Toluidines
87—61—6,
Trichlorobenzenes
108—70—3,
71—55-6
1,1,
l-trichloroethane
79-00-5
1,1,2-trichloroethane
79-01-6
Trichloroethylene
75-69-4
Trichlorofluoromethane
96—18-4
1,2,3—trichloropropane
76—13—1
1,1,2—trichloro—l,2,2—trifluoroethane
121-44-8
Triethylamine
112-27-6
Triethylene glycol
112-49-2
Triethylene glycoldimethyl ether
7756—94—7
Triisobutylene
75-50-3
Trimethylamine
57-13—6
Urea
108-05—4
Vinyl acetate
75-01—4
Vinyl chloride
75-35-4
Vinylidene chloride
25013-15-4
Vinyl toluene
1330-20-7
Xyl’enes (mixed)
95-47—6
o-xylene
106-42-3
p-xylene
1300—71—6
Xylenol
1300—73—8
Xylidine
~b)
methyl tert-butyl ether
9002—88—4
Polyethylene
~b)
Polypropylene
9009—53—6
Polystyrene
a)
CAS
numbers
refer to the Chemical Abstracts Registery numbers
assigned to specific chemicals,
isomers or mixtures of
chemicals.
Some isomers or mixtures that are covered by the
standards do not have CAS numbers assigned to them.
The
standards
apply
to
all
of
the
chemicals
listed,
whether
CAS
numbers have
been assigned or not.
b)
No CAS number(s) have been assigned to this chemical, to its
isomers, or mixtures containing these chemicals.
124—533
186
c)
CAS numbers for some of the isomers are listed:
the
standards apply to all of the isomers and mixtures, even if
CAS
numbers
have
not
been
assigned.
124—534
187
Appendix B
VON Measurement Techniques for Capture Efficiency
Procedure G.l
-
Captured VOC Emissions
1.
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Applicability.
This procedure is applicable for determining
the volatile organic compounds
(VOC)
content of captured gas
streams.
it is intended to be used as a segment in the
development of liquid/gas or gas/gas protocols for determining
VOC capture efficiency
(CE)
for surface coating and printing
operations.
The procedure may not be acceptable in certain
site—specific situations,
e.g., when:
(1) direct fired heaters or
other circumstances affect the quantity of VOC at the control
device inlet; and
(2) particulate organic aerosols are formed in
the process and are present in the captured emissions.
1.2
Principle.
The amount of VOC captured
(G)
is calculated as
the sum of the products of the VOC content
(CGJ), the flow rate
(Q~),and the sample time
(Tc)
from each captured emissions
point.
1.3
Estimated Measurement Uncertainty.
The measurement
uncertainties are estimated for each captured or fugitive
emissions point as follows:
=
5.5 percent and
CGJ
=
±5.0percent.
Based on these numbers, the probable
uncertainty for G is estimated at about ±7•4percent.
1.4
Sampling Requirements.
A capture efficiency test shall
consist of at least three sampling runs.
The sampling time for
each run should be at least
8 hours, unless otherwise approved.
1.5
Notes.
Because this procedure is often applied in highly
explosive areas,
caution and care should be exercised in choosing
appropriate equipment and installing and using the equipment.
Mention of trade names or company products does not constitute
endorsement.
All gas concentrations (percent,
ppm)’ are by
volume, unless otherwise noted.
2.
APPARATUS
AND
REAGENTS
2.1
Gas VOC Concentration.
A schematic of the measurement
system is shown in Figure
1.
The main components are described
be. ow:
2.1.1
Sample Probe.
Stainless steel, or equivalent.
The probe
shall be heated to prevent VOC condensation.
2.1.2
Calibration Valve Assembly.
Three—way valve assembly at
the outlet of sample probe to direct the zero and calibration
124—535
188
gases to the analyzer.
Other methods, such as quick-connect
lines, to route calibration gases to the outlet of the sample
probe are acceptable.
2.1.3
Sample
Line.
Stainless
steel
or Teflon tubing to
transport
the
sample
gas to the analyzer.
The sample line must
be heated to prevent condensation.
2.1.4
Sample Pump.
A leak-free pump, to pull the sample gas
through the system at a flow rate sufficient to cause a response
in the measurement system.
The components of the pump that
contact
the
gas
stream
shall
be
constructed
of
stainless
steel
or
Teflon.
The sample pump must be heated to prevent condensation.
2.1.5
Sample
Flow Rate Control.
A sample flow rate control
valve
and
rotameter,
or equivalent, to maintain a constant
sampling rate within 10 percent.
The flow rate control valve and
rotameter must be heated to prevent condensation.
A control
valve may also be located on the sample pump bypass loop to
assist in controlling the sample pressure and flow rate.
2.1.6
Sample Gas Manifold.
Capable of diverting a portion of
the sample gas stream to the flame ionization analyzer (FIA),
and
the remainder to the bypass discharge vent.
The manifold
components shall be constructed of stainless steel or Teflon.
If
captured or fugitive emissions are to be measured at multiple
locations, the measurement system shall be designed to use
separate
sampling
probes,
lines,
and
pumps
for each measurement
location and a common sample gas manifold and FIA.
The sample
gas manifold and connecting lines to the FIA must be heated to
prevent condensation.
2.1.7
Organic Concentration Analyzer.
An FIA with a span value
of 1.5 times the expected concentration as propane;
however,
other span values may be used if it can be demonstrated that they
would provide more accurate measurements.
The system shall be
capable of meeting or exceeding the following specifications:
2.1.7.1
Zero Drift.
Less than ±30percent of the span value.
2.1.7.2
Calibration Drift.
Less than ±3•Øpercent of the span
value.
2.1.7.3
Calibration Error.
Less than ±5.0percent of the
calibration gas value.
2.1.7.4
Response Time.
Less than 30 seconds.
2.1.8
Integrator/Data Acquisition System.
An analog or digital
device or computerized data acquisition system used to integrate
the FIA response or compute the average response and record
measurement data.
The minimum data sampling frequency for
124—536
189
computing average or integrated values is one measurement value
every 5 seconds.
The device shall be capable of recording
average values at least once per minute.
2.1.9
Calibration and Other Gases.
Gases used for calibration,
fuel, and combustion air
(if required) are contained in
compressed gas cylinders.
All calibration gases shall be
traceable to NIST standards and shall be certified by the
manufacturer to ±1percent of the tag value.
Additionally, the
manufacturer of the cylinder should provide a recommended shelf
life for each calibration gas cylinder over which the
concentration does not change more than ±2percent from the
certified value.
For calibration gas values not generally
available, alternative methods for preparing calibration gas
mixtures,
such as dilution systems, may be used with prior
approval.
2.1.9.1
Fuel.
A 40 percent H2/60 percent He or 40 percent H2/60
percent
N2 gas mixture is recommended to avoid an oxygen
synergism effect that reportedly occurs when oxygen concentration
varies significantly from a mean value.
2.1.9.2
Carrier
Gas.
High purity air with less than 1 ppm of
organic material
(as propane or carbon equivalent)
or less than
0.1 percent of the span value, whichever is greater.
2.1.9.3
FIA Linearity Calibration Gases.
Low-, mid-, and
high-range gas mixture standards with nominal propane
concentrations of 20-30, 45-55,
and 70-80 percent of the span
value in air, respectively.
Other calibration values and other
span values may be used if it can be shown that more accurate
measurements would be achieved.
2.1.10
Particulate Filter.
An in-stack or an out-of-stack glass
fiber filter is recommended if exhaust gas particulate loading is
present.
An out—of-stack filter must be heated to prevent any
condensation unless
it can be demonstrated that no condensation
occurs.
2.2
Captured Emissions Volumetric Flow Rate.
2.2.1
Method
2 or 2A Apparatus.
For determining volumetric flow
rate.
2.2.2
Method
3 Apparatus and Reagents.
For determining
molecular weight of the gas stream.
An estimate of the molecular
weight of the gas stream may be used if it can be justified.
2.2.3
Method
4 Apparatus and Reagents.
For determining moisture
content,
if necessary.
3.
DETERMINATION OF VOLUMETRIC
FLOW
RATE
OF CAPTURED EMISSIONS
124—537
190
3.1
Locate all points where emissions are captured from the
affected facility.
Using Nethod
1, determine the sampling
points.
Be sure to check each site for cyclonic or swirling
flow.
3.2
Measure the velocity at each sampling site at least once
every hour during each sampling
run
using Method
2 or 2A.
4.
DETERMINATION OF VOC CONTENT OF CAPTURED EMISSIONS
4.1
Analysis Duration.
Measure the VOC responses at each
captured emissions point during the entire test run or,
if,
applicable, while the process is operating.
If there are
multiple captured emission locations,
design
a sampling system to
allow a single FIA to be used to determine the VOC responses at
all sampling locations.
4.2
Gas VOC Concentration.
4.2.1
Assemble the sample train as shown in Figure
1.
Calibrate
the FIA according to the procedure in Section 5.1.
4.2.2
Conduct a system check according to the procedure in
Section 5.3.
4.2.3
Install the sample probe so that the probe is centrally
located in the stack, pipe, or duct,
and is sealed tightly at the
stack port connection.
4.2.4
Inject zero gas at the calibration valve assembly.
Allow
the measurement system response to reach zero.
Measure the
system response time as the time required for the system to reach
the effluent concentration after the calibration valve has been
returned to the effluent sampling position.
4.2.5
Conduct a system check before and a system drift check
after each sampling run according to the procedures in Sections
5.2 and 5.3.
If the drift check following a run indicates
unacceptable
performance,
the
run
is
not
valid.
The
tester
may
elect to perform system drift checks during the run not to exceed
one drift check per hour.
4.2.6
Verify that the sample lines,
filter, and pump
temperatures are 120
±
5°C.
4.2.7
Begin
sampling
at
the
start
of
the test period and
continue to sample during the entire run.
Record the starting
and ending times and any required process information as
appropriate.
If multiple captured emission locations are sampled
using a single FIA, sample at each location for the same amount
of time
(e.g.,
2 minutes) and continue to switch from one
124—538
191
location
to another for the entire test run.
Be sure that total
sampling time at each location is the same at the end of the test
run.
Collect at least
4 separate measurements from each sample
point during each hour of testing.
Disregard the measurements at
each sampling location until two times the response time of the
measurement system has elapsed.
Continue sampling for at least
1
minute and record the concentration measurements.
4.3
Background Concentration.
4.3.1
Locate all
NDO’s
of the TTE.
A sampling point shall be
centrally located outside of the
TTE
at 4 equivalent diameters
from each NDO, ifpossible.
If there are more than
6
NDO’s,
choose 6 sampling points evenly spaced among the NDO’s.
4.3.2
Assemble the sample train as shown in Figure
2.
Calibrate
the FIA and conduct a system check according to the procedures in
Sections 5.1 and 5.3.
NOTE:
This sample train shall be a
separate sampling train from the one to measure the captured
emissions.
4.3.3
Position the probe at the sampling location.
4.3.4
Determine the response time, conduct the system check and
sample according to the procedures described in Sections 4.2.4 to
4.2.7.
4.4
Alternative
Procedure.
The
direct
interface
sampling
and
analysis procedure described in Section 7.2 of Method
18
may
be
used to
determine
the
gas
VOC
concentration.
The
system
must
be
designed to collect and analyze at least one sample every 10
minutes.
5.
CALIBRATION
AND
QUALITY ASSURANCE
5.1
FIA Calibration and Linearity Check.
Make necessary
adjustments to the air and fuel supplies for the FIA and ignite
the burner.
Allow the FIA to warm up for the period recommended
by the manufacturer.
Inject
a calibration gas into the
measurement system and adjust the back—pressure regulator to the
value required to achieve the flow rates specified by the
manufacturer.
Inject the zero— and the high—range calibration
gases and adjust the analyzer calibration to provide the proper
responses.
Inject
the
low—
and
mid—range
gases
and
record
the
responses
of
the
measurement
system.
The
calibration
and
linearity
of
the
system
are
acceptable
if
the
responses
for
all
four gases are within 5 percent of the respective gas values.
If
the
performance
of
the
system
is
not
acceptable,
repair
or
adjust
the system and repeat the linearity check.
Conduct a calibration
and
linearity check after assembling the analysis system and
after
a
major
change
is
made
to
the
system.
124—539
192
5.2
Systems Drift Checks.
Select the calibration gas that most
closely approximates the concentration of the captured emissions
for conducting the drift checks.
Introduce the zero and
calibration gas at the calibration
valve
assembly
and
verify
that
the appropriate gas flow rate and pressure are present at the
FIA.
Record the measurement system responses to the zero and
calibration gases.
The performance of the system is acceptable
if the difference between the drift check measurement and the
value obtained in Section 5.1
is less than
3 percent of the span
value.
Conduct the system drift checks at the end of each run.
5.3
System Check.
Inject the high range calibration gas at the
inlet
of
the
sampling
probe
and
record
the
response.
The
performance of the system is acceptable if the measurement system
response is within
5 percent of the value obtained in Section 5.1
for the high range calibration gas.
Conduct a system check
before
and
after
each
test
run.
5.4
Analysis Audit.
Immediately before each test analyze an
audit cylinder as described in Section 5.2.
The analysis audit
must agree with the audit cylinder concentration within 10
percent.
6.
NOMENCLATURE
area of
NDO
i,
ft2.
total area of all NDO’s in the enclosure,
ft2.
C8i
=
corrected average VOC concentration of background
emissions at point
i, ppm propane.
C~
=
average background concentration, ppm propane.
~
=
corrected average VOC concentration of captured
emissions at point
j,
ppm propane.
CDH
=
average measured concentration for the drift check
calibration gas, ppm propane.
CDO
=
average system drift check concentration for zero
concentration gas, ppm propane.
CH
=
actual concentration of the drift check calibration
gas, ppm propane.
c~
=
uncorrected average background VOC concentration
measured at point i, ppm propane.
C1
=
uncorrected average VOC,concentration measured at
point
j,
ppm propane.
124—540
193
G
=
total VOC content of captured emissions,
kg.
1.830
x
106
kg/(m3—ppm).
number of measurement points.
average effluent volumetric flow rate corrected to
standard conditions at captured emissions point
j,
m3/min.
Tc
=
total duration of captured emissions sampling run,
mm.
7.
CALCULATIONS
7.1
Total VOC Captured Emissions.
n
G
=
•E
(C~j
-
C8)
Q6j
Tc K1
Eq.
1
7.2
VOC
Concentration
of
the
Captured Emissions at Point
j.
CGj
=
(C~
-
CDO)
CH
Eq.
2
CDH
-
CDO
7.3
Background VOC Concentration at Point
i.
CBi
=
(C1
—
CDO)
CH_
Eq.
3
CDH
-
CDO
7.4
Average Background Concentration.
n
•E
C81A~
C8=-—l
Eq.
~
nAN
NOTE:
If
the
concentration
at each point is within 20 percent of
the average concentration of all points, the terms “A1” and “AN”
may be deleted from Equation 4.
124—54
1
194
Procedure
G.2
-
Captured VOC Emissions (Dilution Technique)
1.
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Applicability.
This procedure is applicable for determining
the volatile organic compounds
(VOC) content
of captured gas
streams.
It is intended to be used as a segment in the
development of a gas/gas protocol in which fugitive emissions are
measured for determining VOC capture efficiency
(CE)
for surface
coating and printing operations.
A dilution system is used to
reduce the VOC concentration of the captured emission to about
the same concentration as the fugitive emissions.
The procedure
may not be acceptable in certain site—specific situations,
e.g.,
when:
(1) direct fired heaters or other circumstances affect the
quantity of VOC at the control device inlet; and
(2) particulate
organic aerosols are formed in the process and are present in the
captured emissions.
1.2
Principle.
The amount of VOC captured
(G)
is calculated as
the sum of the products of the VOC content
(CGJ), the flow rate
and the sampling time
(Tc) from each captured emissions
point.
1.3
Estimated Measurement Uncertainty.
The measurement
uncertainties are estimated for each captured or fugitive
emissions point as follows:
=
~5.5 percent and
CGJ
=
±5
percent.
Based on these numbers, the probable uncertainty for G
is estimated at about ±7~4
percent.
1.4
Sampling Requirements.
A capture efficiency test shall
consist of at least three sampling runs.
The sampling time for
each run should be at least
8 hours, unless otherwise approved.
1.5
Notes.
Because this procedure is often applied in
highly
explosive areas, caution and care should be exercised in choosing
appropriate equipment and installing and using the equipment.
Mention of trade names or company products does not constitute
endorsement.
All
gas concentrations (percent, ppm) are by
volume, unless otherwise noted.
2.
APPARATUS
AND
REAGENTS
2.1
Gas VOC Concentration.
A schematic of the measurement
system is shown in Figure
1.
The main components are described
below:
2.1.1
Dilution System.
A Kipp in-stack dilution probe and
controller or similar device may be used.
The dilution rate may
be changed by substituting different critical orifices or
adjustments of the aspirator supply pressure.
The dilution
124—542
195
system shall be heated to prevent VOC condensation.
Note:
An
out—of—stack dilution device may be used.
2.1.2
Calibration Valve Assembly.
Three-way valve assembly at
the outlet of sample probe to direct the zero and calibration
gases to the analyzer. Other methods, such as quick—connect
lines, to route calibration gases to the outlet of the sample
probe are acceptable.
2.1.3
Sample Line.
Stainless steel or Teflon tubing to
transport the sample gas to the analyzer.
The sample line must
be heated to prevent condensation.
2.1.4
Sample
Pump.
A leak-free pinup, to pull the sample gas
through the system at a flow rate sufficient to minimize the
response time of the measurement system.
The components of the
pump that contact the gas stream shall be constructed of
stainless steel or Teflon.
The sample pump must be heated to
prevent condensation.
2.1.5
Sample Flow Rate Control.
A sample flow rate control
valve and rotameter, or equivalent, to maintain a constant
sampling rate within 10 percent.
The flow control valve and
rotameter must be heated to prevent condensation.
A control
valve may also be located on the sample pump bypass loop to
assist in controlling the sample pressure and flow rate.
2.1.6
Sample Gas Manifold.
Capable of diverting a portion of
the sample gas stream to the flame ionization analyzer (FIA),
and
the remainder to the bypass discharge vent.
The manifold
components shall be constructed of stainless steel or Teflon.
If
captured or fugitive emissions are to be measured at multiple
locations, the measurement system shall be designed to use
separate sampling probes,
lines, and pumps for each measurement
location and a common sample gas manifold and FIA.
The sample
gas manifold and connecting lines to the FIA must be heated to
prevent condensation.
2.1.7
Organic Concentration Analyzer.
An FIA with a span value
of 1.5 times the expected concentration as propane; however,
other span values may be used if it can be demonstrated that they
would provide more accurate measurements.
The system shall be
capable of meeting or exceeding the following specifications:
2.1.7.1
Zero Drift.
Less than ±3.0percent of the span value.
2.1.7.2
Calibration Drift.
Less than ±30percent of the span
value.
2.1.7.3
Calibration Error.
Less than ±5.0percent of the
calibration gas value.
124—543
196
2.1.7.4
Response Time.
Less than 30 seconds.
2.1.8
Integrator/Data Acquisition System.
An analog or digital
device ‘or computerized data acquisition system used to integrate
the FIA response or compute the average response and record
measurement data.
The minimum data sampling frequency for
computing average or integrated values is one measurement value
every 5 seconds.
The device shall be capable of recording
average values at least once per minute.
2.1.9
Calibration and Other Gases.
Gases used for calibration,
fuel, and combustion air (if required)
are contained in
compressed gas cylinders.
All calibration gases shall be
traceable to NIST standards and shall be certified by the
manufacturer to ±1percent of the tag value.
Additionally, the
manufacturer of the cylinder should provide a recommended shelf
life for each calibration gas cylinder over which the
concentration does not change more than ±2percent from the
certified value.
For calibration gas values not generally
available,
alternative methods for preparing calibration gas
mixtures, such as dilution systems, may be used with prior
approval.
2.1.9.1
Fuel.
A 40 percent H2/60 percent He or 40 percent H2/60
percent N2 gas mixture is recommended to avoid an oxygen
synergism effect that reportedly occurs when oxygen concentration
varies significantly from a mean value.
2.1.9.2
Carrier Gas and Dilution Air Supply.
High purity air
with less than
1 ppm of organic material
(as propane or carbon
equivalent)
or less than 0.1 percent of the span value, whichever
is greater.
2.1.9.3
FIA Linearity Calibration Gases.
Low-, mid-, and
high—range gas mixture standards with nominal propane
concentrations of 20-30,
45-55, and 70-80 percent of the span
value in air, respectively.
Other calibration values and other
span values may be used if it can be shown that more accurate
measurements would be achieved.
2.1.9.4
Dilution Check Gas.
Gas mixture standard containing
propane in air, approximately half the span value after dilution.
2.1.10
Particulate Filter.
An in-stack or an out-of—stack glass
fiber filter is recommended if exhaust gas particulate loading is
significant.
An
out—of—stack filter must be heated to prevent any condensation
unless it can be demonstrated that no condensation occurs.
2.2
Captured Emissions Volumetric Flow Rate.
2.2.1
Method
2 or 2A Apparatus.
For determining volumetric flow
124—544
197
rate.
2.2.2
Method
3 Apparatus and Reagents.
For determining
molecular weight of the gas stream.
An estimate of the molecular
weight of the gas stream may be used if it can be justified.
2.2.3
Method
4 Apparatus and Reagents.
For determining moisture
content,
if necessary.
3.
DETERMINATION OF VOLUMETRIC FLOW RATE OF CAPTURED EMISSIONS
3.1
Locate all points where emissions are captured from the
affected facility. Using Method
1, determine the sampling points.
Be sure to check each site for cyclonic or swirling flow.
3.2
Measure the velocity at each sampling site at least once
every hour during each sampling run using Method
2 or 2A.
4.
DETERMINATION OF VOC CONTENT OF CAPTURED EMISSIONS
4.1
Analysis Duration.
Measure the VOC responses at each
captured emissions point during the entire test
run
or,
if
applicable, while the process is operating.
If there are a
multiple captured emissions locations,
design a sampling system
to allow a single FIA to be used to determine the VOC responses
at all sampling locations.
4.2
Gas VOC Concentration.
4.2.1
Assemble the sample train as shown in Figure
1.
Calibrate
the FIA according to the procedure in Section 5.1.
4.2.2
Set the dilution ratio and determine the dilution factor
according to the procedure in Section 5.3.
4.2.3
Conduct a system check according to the procedure in
Section 5.4.
4.2.4
Install the sample probe so that the probe is centrally
located in the stack, pipe, or duct, and is sealed tightly at the
stack port connection.
4.2.5
Inject zero gas at the calibration valve assembly.
Measure the system response time as the time required for the
system to reach the effluent concentration after the calibration
valve has been returned to the effluent sampling position.
4.2.6
Conduct a system check before and a system drift check
after each sampling
run
according to the procedures in Sections
5.2 and 5.4.
If the drift check following a run indicates
unacceptable performance, the
run
is not valid.
The tester may
elect to perform system drift checks during the run not to exceed
124—545
198
one drift check per hour.
4.2.7
Verify that the sample lines, filter, and pump
temperatures are 120
±
5°C.
4.2.8
Begin sampling at the start of the test period and
continue to sample during the entire run.
Record the starting
and ending times and any required process information as
appropriate.
If multiple captured emission locations are sampled
using a single FIA,
sample at each location for the same amount
of time
(e.g.,
2 minutes) and continue to switch from one
location to another for the entire test run.
Be sure that total
sampling time at each location is the same at
the
end of the test
run.
Collect at least 4 separate measurements from each sample
point during each hour of testing.
Disregard the measurements at
each sampling location until two times the response time of the
measurement system has elapsed.
Continue sampling for at least
1
minute and record the concentration measurements.
4
•
3
Background ,Concentration.
4.3.1
Locate all NDO’s of the TTE.
A sampling point shall be
centrally located outside of the TTE at 4 equivalent diameters
from each NDO,
if possible.
If there are more than
6 NDO’s,
choose
6 sampling points evenly spaced among the NDO’s.
4.3.2
Assemble the sample train as shown in Figure 2.
Calibrate
the FIA and conduct a system check according to the procedures in
Sections 5.1 and 5.4.
4.3.3
Position the probe at the sampling location.
4.3.4
Determine the response time, conduct the system check and
sample according to the procedures described in Sections 4.2.4 to
4.2.8.
4.4
Alternative Procedure.
The direct interface sampling and
analysis procedure described in Section 7.2 of Method 18 may be
used to determine the gas VOC concentration.
The system must be
designed to collect and analyze at least one sample every 10
minutes.
5.
CALIBRATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
5.1
FIA Calibration and Linearity Check.
Make necessary
adjustments to the air and fuel supplies for the FIA and ignite
the burner.
Allow the FIA to warm up for the period recommended
by ‘the manufacturer..
Inject
a calibration gas into the
measurement system after the dilution system and adjust the back-
pressure regulator to the value requ.ired to achieve the flow
rates specified by the manufacturer.
Inject the zero— and the
high-range calibration gases and adjust the analyzer calibration
124—546
199
to provide the proper responses.
Inject the low— and mid—range
gases and record the responses of the measurement system.
The
calibration and linearity of the system are acceptable if the
responses for all four gases are within 5 percent of the
respective gas values.
If the performance of the system is not
acceptable, repair or adjust the system and repeat the linearity
check.
Conduct a calibration and linearity check after
assembling the analysis system and after a major change is made
to the system.
5.2
Systems Drift Checks.
Select the calibration gas that most
closely approximates the concentration of the diluted captured
emissions for conducting the drift checks.
Introduce the zero
and calibration gas at the calibration valve assembly and verify
that the appropriate gas flow rate and pressure are present at
the FIA.
Record the measurement system responses to the zero and
calibration gases.
The performance of the system is acceptable
if the difference between the drift check measurement and the
value obtained in Section 5.1 is less than
3 percent of the span
value.
Conduct the system drift check at the end of each run.
5.3
Determination of Dilution Factor.
Inject the dilution check
gas into the measurement system before the dilution system and
record the response.
Calculate the dilution factor using
Equation 3.
5.4
System Check.
Inject the high range calibration gas at the
inlet to the sampling probe while the dilution air is turned off.
Record the response.
The performance of the system is acceptable
if the measurement system response is within
5 percent of the
value obtained in Section 5.1 for the high range calibration gas.
Conduct a system check before and after each test run.
5.5
Analysis Audit.
Immediately before each test analyze an
audit cylinder as described in Section 5.2.
The analysis audit
must agree with the audit cylinder concentration within 10
percent.
6.
NOMENCLATURE
A1
=
area of NDO i,
ft2.
AN
=
total area of all NDO’s in the enclosure,
ft2.
CA
=
actual concentration of the dilution check gas, ppm
propane.
C8i
=
corrected average VOC concentration of background
emissions at point
i, ppm propane.
C8
=
average background concentration, ppm propane.
124—547
200
CDH
=
average measured concentration for the drift check
calibration gas, ppm propane.
CDO
=
average system drift check concentration for zero
concentration gas, ppm propane.
CH
=
actual concentration of the drift check calibration gas,
ppm propane.
C.
=
uncorrected average background VOC concentration
measured at point i, ppm propane.
C~
=
uncorrected average VOC concentration measured at point
j,
ppm propane.
CM =measured concentration of the dilution check gas, ppm
propane.
DF
=
dilution factor.
G
=
total VOC content of captured emissions,
kg.
K1 =1.830 x l06 kg/(m3-ppm).
n
=
number of measurement points.
=
average effluent volumetric flow rate corrected to
standard conditions at captured emissions point
j,
m3/min.
=
total duration of capture efficiency sampling run, mm.
7.
CALCULATIONS
7.1
Total VOC Captured Emissions.
G
=
•E
~
~
T~
K1
Eq.
1
J=1
7.2
VOC Concentration of the Captured Emissions at Point
j.
C~j
=
DF
(C~
—
CDO)
C~,
Eq.
2
CDH
- C00
7.3
Dilution Factor.
Df=~_
Eq.
3
CM
7.4
Background VOC Concentration at Point
i.
124—548
201
C8i
=
(C1
— CDO)
Cil
Eq.
4
CDH
-
CDO
7.5
Average Background Concentration.
n
-
E
C81
A1
C8~l
Eq.
5
nA~
NOTE:
If the concentration at each point is within 20 percent of
the average concentration of all points, the terms
“A11’ and
“AN”
may be deleted from Equation
4.
Procedure F.2
-
Fugitive VOC Emissions from Building Enclosures
1.
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Applicability.
This procedure is applicable for determining
the fugitive volatile organic compounds
(VOC)
emissions from a
building enclosure (BE).
It is intended to be used as a segment
in the development of liquid/gas or gas/gas protocols for
determining VOC capture efficiency
(CE)
for surface coating and
printing operations.
1.2
Principle.
The total amount of fugitive VOC emissions
(FB)
from the BE is calculated as the sum of the products of the VOC
content
(CFj)
of each fugitive emissions point,
its flow rate
(QFJ)’
and time
(TF).
1.3
Measurement Uncertainty.
The measurement uncertainties are
estimated for each fugitive emissions point as follows:
QFJ
=
±5.0percent and
CF.
=
±5.0percent.
Based on these numbers, the
probable uncertain~yfor
FB is estimated at about ±11.2percent.
1.4
Sampling Requirements.
A capture efficiency test shall
consist of at least three sampling runs.
The sampling time for
each run should be at least
8 hours, unless otherwise approved.
1.5
Notes.
Because this procedure is often applied in highly
explosive areas, caution and care should be exercised in choosing
appropriate equipment and installing and using the equipment.
Mention of trade names or company products does not constitute
endorsement.
All gas concentrations (percent, ppm) are by
volume, unless otherwise noted.
2.
APPARATUS AND REAGENTS
2.1
Gas VOC Concentration.
A schematic of the measurement
system is shown in Figure
1.
The main components are described
below:
124—549
202
2.1.1
Sample Probe.
Stainless steel, or equivalent.
The probe
shall be heated to prevent VOC condensation.
2.1.2
Calibration Valve Assembly.
Three-way valve assembly at
the outlet of sample probe to direct the zero and calibration
gases to the analyzer.
Other methods, such as quick-connect
lines, to route calibration gases to the outlet of the sample
probe are acceptable.
2.1.3
Sample Line.
Stainless steel or Teflon tubing to
transport the sample gas to the analyzer.
The sample line must
be heated to prevent condensation.
2.1.4
Sample Pump.
A leak-free pump,
to pull the sample gas
through the system at a flow rate sufficient to minimize the
response time of the measurement system.
The components of the
pump that contact the gas streamshall be constructed of stainless
steel or Teflon.
The sample pump must be heated to prevent
condensation.
2.1.5
Sample Flow Rate Control.
A sample flow rate control
valve and rotameter,
or equivalent, to maintain a constant
sampling rate within 10 percent.
The flow rate control valve and
rotameter must be heated to prevent condensation.
A control
valve may also be located on the sample pump bypass loop to
assist in controlling the sample pressure and flow rate.
2.1.6
Sample Gas Manifold.
Capable of diverting a portion of
the sample gas stream to the flame ionization analyzer
(FIA), and
the remainder to the bypass discharge vent.
The manifold
components shall be constructed of stainless steel
or Teflon.
If
emissions are to be measured at multiple locations, the
measurement system shall be designed to use separate sampling
probes,
lines,
and pumps for each measurement location and a
common sample gas manifold and FIA.
The sample gas manifold must
be heated to prevent condensation.
2.1.7
Organic Concentration Analyzer.
An FIA with a span value
of 1.5 times the expected concentration as propane; however,
other span values may be used if it can be demonstrated that they
would provide more accurate measurements.
The system shall be
capable of meeting or exceeding the following specifications:
2.1.7.1
Zero Drift.
Less than ±3.0percent of the span value.
2.1.7.2
Calibration Drift.
Less than ±3.0percent of the span
value.
2.1.7.3
Calibration Error.
Less than ±5.0percent of the
calibration gas value.
2.1.7.4
Response Time.
Less than 30 seconds.
124—550
203
2.1.8
Integrator/Data Acquisition System.
An analog or digital
device or computerized data acquisition system used to integrate
the FIA response or compute the average response and record
measurement data.
The minimum data sampling frequency for
computing average or integrated values is one measurement value
every 5 seconds.
The device shall be capable of recording
average values at least once per minute.
2.1.9
Calibration and Other Gases.
Gases used for calibration,
fuel, and combustion air (if required) are contained in
compressed gas cylinders.
All calibration gases shall be
traceable to NIST standards and shall be certified by the
manufacturer to ±1percent of the tag value.
Additionally, the
manufacturer of the cylinder should provide a recommended shelf
life for each calibration gas cylinder over which the
concentration does not change more than ±2percent from the
certified value.
For calibration gas values not generally
available, alternative methods for preparing calibration gas
mixtures, such as dilution systems, may be used with prior
approval.
2.1.9.1
Fuel.
A 40 percent H2/60 percent He or 40 percent H2/60
percent N2 gas mixture is recommended to avoid an oxygen
synergism effect that reportedly occurs when oxygen concentration
varies significantly from a mean value.
2.1.9.2
Carrier Gas.
High purity air with less than 1 ppm’of
organic material (propane or carbon equivalent)
or less than 0.1
percent of the span value, whichever is greater.
2.1.9.3
FIA Linearity Calibration Gases.
Low—, mid-, and
high-range gas mixture standards with nominal propane
concentrations of 20-30,’ 45-55, and 70-80 percent of the span
value in air, respectively.
Other calibration values and other
span values may be used if it can be shown that more accurate
measurements would be achieved.
2.1.10
Particulate Filter.
An in-stack or an out-of-stack glass
fiber filter is recommended if exhaust gas particulate loading is
significant.
An out-of-stack filter must be heated to prevent
any condensation unless it can be demonstrated that no
condensation occurs.
2.2
Fugitive Emissions Volumetric Flow Rate.
2.2.1
Flow Direction Indicators.
Any means of indicating inward
or outward flow,
such as light plastic film or paper streamers,
smoke tubes,
filaments,
and sensory perception.
2.2.2
Method
2 or 2A Apparatus.
For determining volumetric flow
rate.
Anemometers or similar devices calibrated according to the
124—55
1
204
manufacturer’s instructions may be used when low velocities are
present.
Vane anemometers
(Young—maximum response propeller),
specialized pitots with electronic manometers
(e.g., Shortridge
Instruments Inc., Airdata Multimeter 860) are commercially
available with measurement thresholds of 15 and 8 mpm
(50 and
25 fpm),
respectively.
2.2.3
Method
3 Apparatus and Reagents.
For determining
molecular weight of the gas stream.
An estimate of the molecular
weight of the gas stream may be used if it can be justified.
2.2.4
Method
4 Apparatus and Reagents.
For determining moisture
content,
if necessary.
3.
DETERMINATION OF VOLUMETRIC
FLOW
RATE OF FUGITIVE EMISSIONS
3.1
Preliminary Determinations.
The purpose of this exercise is
to determine which exhaust points should be measured for
volumetric flow rates and VOC concentrations.
3.1.1
Forced Draft Openings.
Identify all forced draft
openings.
Determine the volumetric flow rate according to Method
2.
3.1.2
NDO’s Exhaust Points.
The
NDO’s
in the roof of a facility
are considered to be exhaust points.
Determine volumetric flow
rate from these NDO’s.
Divide the cross—sectional area according
to Method 1 using 12 equal areas.
Use the appropriate velocity
measurement devices, e.g., propeller anemometers.
3.1.3
Other NDO’s.
3.1.3.1
This step is optional.
Determine the exhaust flow rate,
including that of the control device, from the enclosure and the
intake air flow rate.
If the exhaust flow rate divided by the
intake air flow rate is greater than 1.1, then all other NDO’s
are not considered to be significant exhaust points.
3.1.3.2
If the option above is not taken,
identify all other
NDO’s and other potential points through which fugitive emissions
may escape the enclosure.
Then use the following criteria to determine whether flow rates
and VOC concentrations need to be measured:
3.1.3.2.1
Using the appropriate flow direction indicator,
determine the flow direction.
An
NDO
with zero or inward flow is
not
an
exhaust
point.
3.1.3.2.2
Measure the outward volumetric flow rate from the
remainder of the
NDO’s.
If
the collective flow rate is 2
percent, or less, of the flow rate from Sections 3.1.1 and 3.1.2,
then these NDO’s, except those within two equivalent diameters
124—552
205
(based on
NDO
opening)
from VOC sources, may be considered to be
non—exhaust points.
3.1.3.2.3
If the percentage calculated in Section 3.1.3.2.2 is
greater than
2 percent, those
NDO’s
(except those within two
equivalent diameters from VOC sources) whose volumetric flow rate
total
2 percent of the flow rate from Sections 3.1.1 and 3.1.2
may be considered as non—exhaust points.
All remaining NDO’s
shall be measured for volumetric flow rate and VOC concentrations
during the CE test.
3.1.3.2.4
The tester may choose to measure VOC concentrations at
the forced exhaust points and the NDO’s.
If the total VOC
emissions from the
NDO’s
are less than 2 percent of the emissions
from the forced draft and roof NDO’s, then these NDO’s may be
eliminated from further consideration.
3.2
Determination
of
Flow
Rates.
3.2.1
Measure the volumetric flow rate at all locations
identified as exhaust points in Section 3.1.
Divide each exhaust
opening into
9 equal areas for rectangular openings and
8 for
circular openings.
3.2.2
Measure the velocity at each site at least once every hour
during each sampling run using Method
2 or 2A,
if applicable, or
using
the
low
velocity
instruments
in
Section
2.2.2.
4.
DETERMINATION
OF VOC CONTENT OF FUGITIVE EMISSIONS
4.1
Analysis Duration.
Measure the VOC responses at each
fugitive emission point during the entire test run or,
if
applicable, while the process is operating.
If there are
multiple emissions locations, design a sampling system to allow
a
single
FIA
to be used to determine the VOC responses at all
sampling locations.
4.2
Gas VOC Concentration.
4.2.1
Assemble the sample train as shown in Figure
1.
Calibrate
the FIA and conduct a system check according to the procedures in
Sections 5.1 and 5.3, respectively.
4.2.2
Install the sample probe so that the probe is centrally
located in the stack, pipe, or duct, and is sealed tightly at the
stack port connection.
4.2.3
Inject zero gas at the calibration valve assembly.
Allow
the measurement system response to reach zero.
Measure the
system response time as the time required for the system to reach
the effluent concentration after the calibration valve has been
returned to the effluent sampling position.
124—553
206
4.2.4
Conduct a system check before and a system drift check
after each sampling run according to the procedures in Sections
5.2 and 5.3.
If the drift check following a
run
indicates
unacceptable performance, the run is not valid.
The tester may
elect to perform drift checks during the
run
not to exceed one
drift check per hour.
4
•
2
•
5
Verify that the -sample lines,
filter, and pump
temperatures are 120 ±5°C.
4.2.6
Begin sampling at the start of the test period and
continue to sample during the entire run.
Record the starting
and ending times and any required process information as
appropriate.
If multiple emission locations are sampled using a
single FIA, sample at each location for the same amount of time
(e.g.,
2 minutes) and continue to switch from one location to
another for the entire test run.
Be sure that total sampling
time at each location is the same at the end of the test run.
Collect at least
4 separate measurements from each sample point
during each hour of testing.
Disregard the response measurements
at each sampling location until two times the response time of
the measurement system has elapsed.
Continue sampling for at
least
1 minute and record the concentration measurements.
4.3
Alternative Procedure
The direct interface sampling and
analysis procedure described in Section 7.2 of Method 18 may be
used to determine the gas VOC concentration.
The system must be
designed to collect and analyze at least one sample every 10
minutes.
5.
CALIBRATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
5.1
FIA
Calibration
and
Linearity
Check.
Make
necessary
adjustments to the air and fuel supplies for the FIA and ignite
the burner.
Allow the FIA to warm up for the period recommended
by the manufacturer.
Inject a calibration gas into the
measurement
system
and adjust the back—pressure regulator to the
value required to achieve the flow rates specified by the
manufacturer.
Inject the zero- and the high—range calibration
gases and adjust the analyzer calibration to provide the proper
responses.
Inject the low— and mid—range gases and record the
responses of the measurement system.
The calibration and
linearity of the system are acceptable if the responses for all
four gases are within 5 percent of the respective gas values.
If
the performance of the system is not acceptable, repair or adjust
the system and repeat the linearity check.
Conduct a calibration
and linearity check after assembling the analysis system and
after a major change is made to the system.
5.2
Systems Drift Checks.
Select the calibration gas that most
closely approximates the concentration of the captured emissions
124—554
207
for conducting the drift checks.
Introduce the zero and
calibration gas at the calibration valve assembly and verify that
the appropriate gas flow rate and pressure are present at the
FIA.
Record
the
measurement
system responses to the zero and
calibration
gases.
The
performance
of
the system is acceptable
if
the
difference
between
the
drift
check
measurement
and
the
value obtained in Section 5.1 is less than 3 percent of the span
value.
Conduct a system drift check at the end of each run.
5.3
System Check.
Inject the high range calibration gas at the
inlet of the sampling probe and record the response.
The
performance of the system is acceptable if the measurement system
response is within 5 percent of the value obtained in Section 5.1
for the high range calibration gas.
Conduct a system check
before each test run.
5.4
Analysis Audit.
Immediately before each test analyze an
audit cylinder as described in Section 5.2.
The analysis audit-
must agree with the audit cylinder concentration within 10
percent.
6.
NOMENCLATURE
CDH
=
average measured concentration for the drift check
calibration gas, ppm propane.
CDO
=
average system drift check concentration for zero
concentration gas, ppm propane.
~
=
corrected average VOC concentration of fugitive
emissions at point
j,
ppm propane.
=
actual concentration of the drift check calibration
gas,
ppm
propane.
C~
=
uncorrected
average VOC concentration measured at
point
j,
ppm propane.
F8
=
total VOC content of fugitive emissions from the
building, kg.
1.830 x 106 kg/(m3—ppm).
number
of measurement points.
QF~
=
average effluent volumetric flow rate corrected to
standard conditions at fugitive emissions point
j,
m3/min.
TF
=
total duration of capture efficiency sampling run,
mm.
124—555
208
7.
CALCULATIONS
7.1
Total VOC Fugitive Emissions From the Building.
=
~
C~j QF~ TF
R1
Eq.
1
J=1
7.2
VOC Concentration of the Fugitive Emissions at Point
j.
C~j
=
(C~
— c0)
CH
Eq.
2
CDH
- CDO
Procedure F.l
—
Fugitive VOC Emissions from Temporary Enclosures
1.
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Applicability.
This procedure is applicable for determining
the fugitive volatile organic compounds (VOC)
emissions from
a
temporary total enclosure (TTE).
It is intended to be used as a
segment in the development of liquid/gas or gas/gas protocols for
determining VOC capture efficiency
(CE) for surface coating and
printing operations.
1.2
Principle.
The amount of fugitive VOC emissions
(F)
from
the TTE is calculated as the sum of the products of the VOC
content
(CFJ), the flow rate
(QF1)’
and the sampling time
(TF)
from
each fugitive emissions point.
1.3
Estimated Measurement Uncertainty.
The measurement
uncertainties are estimated for each fugitive emission point as’
follows:
QFJ
=
±5~5
percent and CF~
=
±5.0percent.
Based on
these numbers, the probable uncertainty for F is estimated at
about ±7~4
percent.
1.4
Sampling Requirements.
A capture efficiency test shall
consist of at least three sampling runs.
The sampling time for
each run should be at least
8 hours, unless otherwise approved.
1.5
Notes.
Because this procedure is often applied in highly
explosive areas, caution and care should be exercise4 in choosing
appropriate equipment and installing and using the equipment.
Mention of trade names or company products does not constitute
endorsement.
All gas concentrations (percent, ppm) are by
volume, unless otherwise noted.
2.
APPARATUS AND REAGENTS
2.1
Gas VOC Concentration.
A schematic of the measurement
system is shown in Figure
1.
The main components are described
124—556
209
below:
2.1.1
Sample Probe.
Stainless steel, or equivalent.
The probe
shall be heated to prevent VOC condensation.
2.1.2
Calibration
Valve
Assembly.
-Three—way
valve assembly at
the outlet of sample probe to direct the zero and calibration
gases to the analyzer.
Other methods, such as quick—connect
lines, to route calibration gases to the outlet of the sample
probe are acceptable.
2.1.3
Sample Line.
Stainless steel or Teflon tubing to
transport the sample gas to the analyzer.
The sample line must
be heated to prevent condensation.
2.1.4
Sample Pump.
A leak-free pump, to pull the sample gas
through the system at a flow rate sufficient to minimize the
response time of themeasurement system.
The components of the
pump that contact the gas stream shall be constructed of
stainless steel or Teflon.
The sample pump must be heated to
prevent condensation.
2.1.5
Sample Flow Rate Control.
A sample flow rate control
valve and rotameter,
or equivalent, to maintain a constant
sampling rate within 10 percent.
The flow control valve and
rotameter must be heated to prevent condensation.
A control
valve may also be located on the sample pump bypass loop to
assist in controlling the sample pressure and flow rate
2.1.6
Sample Gas Manifold.
Capable of diverting a portion of
the sample gas stream to the flame ionization analyzer (FIA), and
the remainder to the bypass discharge vent.
The manifold
components shall be constructed of stainless steel or Teflon.
If
emissions are to be measured at multiple locations,
the
measurement
system
shall
be
designed
to
use
separate
sampling
probes, lines,
and pumps for each measurement location and a
common sample gas manifold and FIA.
The sample gas manifold and
connecting lines to the FIA must be heated to prevent
condensation.
2.1.7
Organic Concentration Analyzer.
An FIA with a span value
of 1.5 times the expected concentration as propane; however,
other span values may be used if it can be demonstrated that they
would provide more accurate measurements.
The system shall be
capable of meeting or exceeding the following specifications:
2.1.7.1
Zero Drift.
Less than ±3.0percent of the span value.
2.1.7.2
Calibration Drift.
Less than ±3.0percent of the span
value.
+
2.1.7.3
Calibration
Error.
Less
than
-5.0
percent
of
the
124—557
210
calibration gas value.
2.1.7.4
Response Time.
Less than 30 seconds.
2.1.8
Integrator/Data Acquisition System.
An analog or digital
device or computerized data acquisition system used to integrate
the FIA response or compute the average response and record
measurement data.
The minimum data sampling frequency for
computing average or integrated values is one measurement value
every 5 seconds.
The device shall be capable of recording
average values at least once per minute.
2.1.9
Calibration and Other Gases.
Gases used for calibration,
fuel,
and
combustion
air
(if
required)
are
contained
in
compressed gas cylinders.
All calibration gases shall be
traceable to NIST standards and shall be certified by the
manufacturer to ±1percent of the tag value.
Additionally, the
manufacturer of the cylinder should provide a recommended shelf
life for each calibration gas cylinder over which the
concentration does not change more than ±2percent from the
certified value.
For calibration gas values notgenerally
available,
alternative methods for preparing calibration gas
mixtures, such as dilution systems, may be used with prior
approval.
2.1.9.1
Fuel.
A 40 percent H2/60 percent He or 40 percent H2/60
percent N2 gas mixture is recommended to avoid an oxygen
synergism effect that reportedly occurs when oxygen concentration
varies ‘significantly from a mean value.
2.1.9.2
Carrier Gas.
High purity air with less than 1 ppm of
organic material
(as propane or carbon equivalent)
or less than
0.1 percent of the span value, whichever is greater.
2.1.9.3
FIA
Linearity
Calibration Gases.
Low-, mid-,
and
high-range gas mixture standards with nominal propane
concentrations
of
20—30,
45—55,
and
70-80
percent of the span
value
in
air,
respectively.
Other
calibration
values
and
other
span
values
may
be
used
if it can be shown that more accurate
measurements would be achieved.
2.1.10
Particulate Filter.
An in-stack or an out-of-stack glass
fiber filter is recommended if exhaust gas particulate loading is
significant.
An out-of-stack filter must be heated to prevent
any condensation unless it can be demonstrated that no
condensation occurs.
2.2
Fugitive Emissions Volumetric Flow Rate.
2.2.1
Method
2
or
2A
Apparatus.
For
determining
volumetric
flow
rate.
124—558
211
2.2.2
Method
3 Apparatus and Reagents.
For determining
molecular
weight
of
the
gas
stream.
An estimate of the molecular
weight
of
the
gas
stream
may
be
used
if
it can be justified.
2.2.3
Method
4 Apparatus and Reagents.
For determining moisture
content, if necessary.
2.3
Temporary Total Enclosure.
The criteria for designing a
TTE
are discussed in Procedure T.
3.
DETERMINATION
OF
VOLUMETRIC
FLOW
RATE
OF
FUGITIVE
EMISSIONS
3.1
Locate
all
points
where emissions are exhausted from the
TTE.
Using
Method
1,
determine
the
sampling
points.
Be
sure
to
check
each
site
for
cyclonic
or
swirling
flow.
3.2
Measure the velocity at each sampling site at least once
every
hour
during
each
sampling
run
using
Method
2
or
2A.
4.
DETERMINATION
OF
VOC
CONTENT
OF
FUGITIVE
EMISSIONS
4.1
Analysis
Duration.
Measure
the
VOC responses at each
fugitive
emission
point
during
the
entire test
run
or,
if
applicable,
while
the
process
is
operating.
If
there
are
multiple emission locations, design a sampling system to allow a
single
FIA
to
be
used
to
determine
the
VOC responses at all
sampling locations.
4.2
Gas
VOC
Concentration.
4.2.1
Assemble the sample train as shown in Figure
1.
Calibrate
the
FIA
and
conduct
a
system
check
according
to
the
procedures
in
Sections
5.1
and
5.3,
respectively.
4.2.2
Install
the
sample
probe
so
that
the
probe is centrally
located in the stack, pipe,
or duct, and is sealed tightly at the
stack port connection.
4.2.3
Inject
zero
gas
at
the
calibration
valve
assembly.
Allow
the
measurement
system
response
to
reach
zero.
Measure
the
system response time as the time required for the system to reach
the effluent concentration after the calibration valve has been
returned
to
the
effluent sampling position.
4.2.4
Conduct a system check before and a system drift check
after each sampling run according to the procedures in Sections
5.2
and
5.3.
If
the
drift
check following a
run
indicates
unacceptable
performance,
the
run
is
not
valid.
The
tester
may
elect
to
perform
system
drift
checks
during
the
run
not
to
exceed
one
drift
check
per
hour.
4.2.5
Verify
that
the
sample
lines,
filter,
and
pump
124—559
212
temperatures are 120±5°C.
4.2.6
Begin
sampling
at
the
start
of
the
test
period
and
continue to sample during the entire run.
Record the starting
and ending times and any required process information as
appropriate.
If multiple emission locations are sampled using a
single FIA, sample at each location for the same amount of time
(e.g.,
2 minutes) and continue to switch from one location to
another
for
the
entire
test
run.
Be
sure
that
total
sampling
time
at
each
location
is
the
same
at
the
end
of
the
test
run.
Collect at least
4 separate measurements from each sample point
during each hour of testing.
Disregard the response measurements
at
each
sampling
location
until
two
times
the
response
time
of
the measurement system has elapsed.
Continue sampling for at
least
1 minute and record the concentration measurements.
4.3
Background
Concentration.
4.3.1
Determination of VOC Background Concentration.
4.3.1.1
Locate all NDO’s of the TTE.
A sampling point shall be
centrally located outside of the
TTE
at 4 equivalent diameters
from each NDO,
if possible.
If there are more than 6 NDO’s,
choose
6 sampling points evenly spaced among the NDO’s.
4.3.1.2
Assemble the sample train as shown in Figure 2.
Calibrate
the
FIA
and
conduct
a
system
check
according
to
the
procedures in Sections 5.1 and 5.3.
4.3.1.3
Position
the
probe
at
the sampling location.
4.3.1.4
Determine
the
response
time,
conduct
the
system
check
and sample according to the procedures described in Sections
4.2.3
to
4.2.6.
4.4
Alternative Procedure.
The direct interface sampling and
analysis
procedure
described
in
Section
7.2 of Method 18 may be
used
to
determine
the
gas
VOC
concentration.
The
system
must
be
designed
to
collect
and
analyze
at least one sample every 10
minutes.
5.
CALIBRATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
5.1
FIA Calibration and Linearity Check.
Make necessary
adjustments to the air and fuel supplies for the FIA and ignite
the burner.
Allow the FIA to warm up for the period recommended
by the manufacturer.
Inject a calibration gas into the
measurement system and adjust the back—pressure regulator to the
value required to achieve the flow rates specified by the
manufacturer.
Inject the zero- and the high—range calibration
gases and adjust the analyzer calibration to provide the proper
responses.
Inject the low— and mid—range gases and record the
responses of the measurement system.
The calibration and
124—560
213
linearity
of
the
system
are
acceptable
if
the
responses
for
all
four
gases
are
within
5
percent of the respective gas values.
If
the performance of the system is not acceptable,’ repair or adjust
the system and repeat the linearity check.
Conduct a calibration
and linearity check after assembling the analysis system and
after a major change is made to the system.
5.2
Systems Drift Checks.
Select the calibration gas
concentration that most closely approximates that of the fugitive
gas emissions to conduct the
drift checks.
Introduce the zero
and calibration gas at the calibration valve assembly and verify
that the appropriate gas flow rate and pressure are present at
the FIA.
Record the measurement system responses to the zero and
calibration gases.
The performance of the system is acceptable
if
the difference between the drift check measurement and the
value obtained in Section 5.1 is less than
3 percent of the span
value.
Conduct
a
system
drift check at the end of each run.
5.3
System
Check.
Inject
the
high
range calibration gas at the
inlet
of
the
sampling
probe
and
record
the
response.
The
performance
of
the
system
is acceptable if the measurement system
response is within
5 percent of the value obtained in Section 5.1
for the high range calibration gas.
Conduct a system check
before each test run.
5.4
Analysis Audit.
Immediately before each test analyze an
audit cylinder as described in Section 5.2.
The analysis audit
must agree with the audit cylinder concentration within 10
percent.
6.
NOMENCLATURE
A1
=
area
of
IWO
i,
ft2.
total
area
of
all
NDO’s
in
the
enclosure,
ft2.
=
corrected
average
VOC
concentration
of
background
emissions
at
point
i,
ppm
propane.
C8
=
average background concentration, ppm propane.
CDH
=
average measured concentration for the drift check
calibration
gas,
ppm
propane.
0
=
average system drift check concentration for zero
concentration
gas,
ppm
propane.
CFj
=
corrected average VOC concentration of fugitive
emissions
at
point
j,
ppm
propane.
CH
=
actual concentration of the drift check calibration
gas, ppm propane.
124—561
214
C1
=
uncorrected average background VOC concentration at
point i, ppm propane.
=
uncorrected
average
VOC
concentration
measured
at
point
j,
ppm propane.
F
=
total VOC content of fugitive emissions,
kg.
K1
=
1.830 x 106 kg/ (m3—ppm).
n
=
number of measurement points.
~
=
average effluent volumetric flow rate corrected to
standard conditions at fugitive emissions point
j,
m3/min.
TF
=
total duration of fugitive emissions sampling run,
mm.
7.
CALCULATIONS
7.1
Total VOC Fugitive Emissions.
F
=
j~
(C~j
— CB)
~
TE
K1
Eq.
1
J=1
7.2
VOC
Concentration
of
the
Fugitive
Emissions
at
Point
j.
CFj
=
(C1
-
CDO)
CH
Eq.
2
CDH
- C00
124—562
215
7.3
Background VOC Concentration at Point
i.
C8i
=
(C1
—
CDO)
C~
Eq.
3
CDH~CD0
7.4
Average Background Concentration.
n
E
C81A1
C8=~=1
Eq.
5
nA~
NOTE:
If the concentration at each point is within 20 percent of
the average concentration of all points, the terms “A1”
and
may be deleted from Equation 4.
Procedure L
-
VOC Input
1.
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Applicability.
This procedure is applicable for determining
the input of volatile organic compounds (VOC).
It is intended to
be used as a segment in the development of liquid/gas protocols
for determining VOC capture efficiency
(CE)
for surface coating
and printing operations.
1.2
Principle.
The amount of VOC introduced to the process
(L)
is the sum of the products of the weight
(W)
of each VOC
containing liquid
(ink,
paint,
solvent, etc.) used and its VOC
content
(V).
A sample of each VOC containing liquid is analyzed
with a flame ionization analyzer
(FIA)
to determine V.
1.3
Estimated Measurement Uncertainty.
The measurement
uncertainties are estimated for each VOC containing liquid as
follows:
W
=
±2.0percent and V
=
±12.0percent.
Based on these
numbers, the probable uncertainty for L is estimated at about
±12.2percent for each VOC containing liquid.
1.4
Sampling Requirements.
A capture efficiency test shall
consist of at least three sampling runs.
The sampling time for
each run should be at least
8 hours, unless otherwise approved.
1.5
Notes.
Because this procedure is often applied in highly
explosive areas, caution and care should be exercised in choosing
appropriate equipment and installing and using the equipment.
Mention of trade names or company products does not constitute
endorsement.
All
gas
concentrations
(percent,
ppm)
are
by
volume, unless otherwise noted.
124—563
216
2
•
APPARATUS
AND REAGENTS
2.1
Liquid Weight.
2.1.1
Balances/Digital Scales.
To weigh drums of VOC containing
liquids
to
within
0.2
lb.
2.1.2
Volume Measurement Apparatus (Alternative).
Volume
meters,
flow
meters,
density
measurement
equipment,
etc.,
as
needed
to
achieve
same
accuracy
as direct weight measurements.
2.2
VOC Content (Flame Ionization Analyzer Technique).
The
liquid sample analysis system is shown in Figures 1 and 2.
The
following equipment is required:
2.2.1
Sample Collection Can.
An appropriately sized metal can
to
be
used
to
collect
VOC
containing materials.
The can must be
constructed
in
such
a
way
that
it
can
be
grounded
to
the
coating
container.
2.2.2
Needle Valves.
To control gas flow.
2.2.3
Regulators.
For
carrier
gas
and calibration gas.
cylinders.
2.2.4
Tubing.
Teflon or stainless steel tubing with diameters
and
lengths
determined
by connection requirements of equipment.
The tubing between the sample oven outlet and the FIA shall be
heated
to
maintain
a
temperature
of
120 ±5°C.
2.2.5
Atmospheric Vent.
A tee and 0- to 0.5-liter/mm
rotameter
placed in the sampling line between the carrier gas cylinder and
the
VOC
sample
vessel
to release the excess carrier gas.
A
toggle valve placed between the tee and the rotameter facilitates
leak tests of the analysis system.
2.2.6
Thermometer.
Capable of measuring the temperature of the
hot water bath to within 1°C.
2.2.7
Sample Oven.
Heated enclosure, containing calibration gas
coil heaters, critical orifice, aspirator, and other liquid
sample analysis components, capable of maintaining a temperature
of
120
±5°C.
2.2.8
Gas Coil Heaters.
Sufficient lengths of stainless steel
or Teflon tubing to allow zero and calibration gases to be heated
to the sample oven temperature before entering the critical
orifice or aspirator.
2.2.9
Water Bath.
Capable of heating and maintaining a sample
vessel temperature of 100 ±5°C.
124—564
217
2.2.10
Analytical
Balance.
To
measure
±0.001 g.
2.2.11
Disposable Syringes.
2-cc or 5-cc.
2.2.12
Sample Vessel.
Glass,
40—ml septum vial.
A separate
vessel is needed for each sample.
2.2.13
Rubber Stopper.
Two—hole stopper to accommodate 3.2-mm
(1/8-in.) Teflon tubing, appropriately sized to fit the opening
of
the
sample
vessel.
The
rubber
stopper
should
be
wrapped
in
Teflon
tape
to provide a tighter seal and to prevent any reaction
of the sample with the rubber stopper.
Alternatively, any
leak—free closure fabricated of non—reactive materials and
accommodating the necessary tubing fittings may be used.
2.2.14
Critical Orifices.
Calibrated critical orifices capable
of providing constant flow rates from 50 to 250 mi/mm
at known
pressure drops.
Sapphire orifice assemblies (available from
O’Keefe Controls Company)
and glass capillary tubing have been
found to be adequate for this application.
2.2.15
Vacuum Gauge.
0- to 760-mm
(0—
to 30-in.) Hg U-Tube
manometer or vacuum gauge.
2.2.16
Pressure Gauge.
Bourdon gauge capable of measuring the
maximum air pressure at the aspirator inlet
(e.g.,
100 psig).
2.2.17
Aspirator.
A device capable of generating sufficient
vacuum at the sample vessel to create critical flow through the
calibrated orifice when sufficient air pressure is present at the
aspirator inlet.
The aspirator must also provide sufficient
sample pressure to operate the FIA.
The sample is also mixed
with the dilution gas within the aspirator.
2.2.18
Soap Bubble Meter.
Of an appropriate size to calibrate
the
critical
orifices
in
the
system.
2.2.19
Organic Concentration Analyzer.
An FIA with a span value
of 1.5 times the expected concentration as propane; however other
span values may be used if it can be demonstrated that they would
provide more accurate measurements.
The system shall be capable
of meeting or exceeding the following specifications:
2.2.19.1
Zero Drift.
Less than ±3.0percent of the span value.
2.2.19.2
Calibration Drift.
Less than ±3.0percent of span
value.
2.2.19.3
Calibration Error.
Less than ±5.0percent of the
calibration
gas
value.
124—565
218
2.2.20
Integrator/Data Acquisition System.
An analog or digital
device or computerized data acquisition system used to integrate
the FIA response or compute the average response and record
measurement data.
The minimum data sampling frequency for
computing average or integrated values is one measurement value
every 5 seconds.
The device shall be capable of recording
average values at least once per minute.
2.2.21
Chart Recorder (Optional).
A chart recorder or similar
device is recommended to provide a continuous analog display of
the measurement results during the liquid sample analysis.
2.2.22
Calibration and Other Gases.
For calibration,
fuel, and
combustion air
(if required)
contained in compressed gas
cylinders.
All calibration gases shall be traceable to NIST
standards and shall be certified by the manufacturer to ±1
percent of the tag value.
Additionally, the manufacturer of the
cylinder should provide a recommended shelf life for each
calibration gas cylinder over which the concentration does not
change more than ±2percent from the certified value.
For
calibration gas values not generally available, alternative
methods for preparing calibration gas mixtures, such as dilution
systems, may be used with prior approval.
2.2.22.1
Fuel.
A 40 percent H2/60 percent He or 40 percent
H2/60 percent N2 gas mixture is recommended to avoid an oxygen
synergism effect thatreportedly occurs when oxygen concentration
varies significantly from a mean value.
2.2.22.2
Carrier Gas.
High purity air with less than
1 ppm of
organic material
(as propane) or less than 0.1 percent of the
span value, whichever is greater.
2.2.22.3
FIA Linearity Calibration Gases.
Low-, mid-, and
high—range gas mixture standards with nominal propane
concentrations of 20-30,
45—55, and 70—80 percent of the span
value in air, respectively.
Other calibration values and other
span values may be used if it can be shown that more accurate
measurements would be achieved.
2.2.22.4
System Calibration Gas.
Gas mixture standard
containing propane in air, approximating the undiluted VOC
concentration expected for the liquid samples.
3.
DETERMINATION OF LIQUID INPUT WEIGHT
3.1
Weight Difference.
Determine the amount of material
introduced to the process as the weight difference of the feed
material before and after each sampling run.
In determining the
total VOC containing liquid usage, account for:
(a) the initial
(beginning) VOC containing liquid mixture;
(b) any solvent added
during the test run;
(c)
any coating added during the test run;
124—566
219
and
(d)
any
residual
VOC containing liquid mixture remaining at
the end of the sample run.
3.1.1
Identify all points where VOC containing liquids are
introduced to the process.
To obtain an accurate measurement of
VOC containing liquids, start with an empty fountain
(if
applicable).
After completing the run, drain the liquid in the
fountain back into the liquid drum (if possible), and weigh the
drum again.
Weigh the VOC containing liquids to ±Ø•5percent of
the total weight
(full)
or ±0.1percent of the total weight of
VOC containing liquid used during the sample run, whichever is
less.
If the residual liquid cannot be returned to the drum,
drain the fountain into a preweighed empty drum to determine the
final weight of the liquid.
3.1.2
If it is not possible to measure a single representative
mixture, then weigh the various components separately
(e.g., if
solvent is added during the sampling run, weigh the solvent
before it is added to the mixture).
If a fresh drum of VOC
containing liquid is needed during the run, then weigh both the
empty drum and fresh drum.
3.2
Volume Measurement
(Alternative).
If direct weight
measurements are not feasible, the tester may use volume meters
and flow rate meters
(and density measurements) to determine the
weight of liquids used if it can be demonstrated that the
technique produces results equivalent to the direct weight
measurements.
If a single representative mixture cannot be
measured, measure the components separately.
4.
DETERMINATION OF VOC CONTENT IN INPUT LIQUIDS
4.1
Collection of Liquid Samples.
4.1.1
Collect a 100-nil or larger sample of the VOC containing
liquid mixture at each application location at the beginning and
end
of each test run.
A separate sample should be taken of each
VOC containing liquid added to the application mixture during the
test
run.
If
a
fresh
drum
is needed during the sampling run,
then obtain
a sample from the fresh drum.
4.1.2
When collecting the sample, ground the sample container to
the coating drum.
Fill the sample container as close to the rim
as possible to minimize the amount of headspace.
4.1.3
After the sample is collected,
seal the container so the
sample cannot leak out or evaporate.
4.1.4
Label the container to identify clearly the contents.
4.2
Liquid Sample VOC Content.
124—567
220
4.2.1
Assemble the liquid VOC content-analysis system as shown
in
Figure
1.
4.2.2
Permanently identify all of the critical orifices that may
be used.
Calibrate each critical orifice under the expected
operating conditions
(i.e.,
sample vacuum and temperature)
against a volume meter as described in Section 5.3.
4.2.3
Label and tare the sample vessels
(including the stoppers
and caps)
and the syringes.
4.2.4
Install an empty sample vessel and perform a leak test of
the system.
Close the carrier gas valve and atmospheric vent and
evacuate the sample vessel to 250 mm
(10 in.)
Hg absolute or less
using the aspirator.
Close the toggle valve at the inlet to the
aspirator and observe the vacuum for at least one minute.
If
there is any change in the sample pressure, release the vacuum,
adjust or repair the apparatus as necessary and repeat the leak
test.
4.2.5
Perform the analyzer calibration and linearity checks
according to the procedure in Section 5.1.
Record the responses
to each of the calibration gases and the back—pressure setting of
the FIA.
4.2.6
Establish the appropriate dilution ratio by adjusting the
aspirator air supply or substituting critical orifices.
Operate
the aspirator at a vacuum of at least 25 mm
(1 in.) Hg greater
than the vacuum necessary to achieve critical flow.
Select the
dilution ratio so that the maximum response of the FIA to the
sample does not exceed the high—range calibration gas.
4.2.7
Perform system calibration checks at two levels by
introducing compressed gases at the inlet to the sample vessel
while the aspirator and dilution devices are operating.
Perform
these checks using the carrier gas
(zero concentration) and the
system calibration gas.
If the response to the carrier gas
exceeds ±0.5percent of span, clean or repair the apparatus and
repeat the check.
Adjust the dilution ratio as necessary to
achieve the correct response to the upscale check, but do not
adjust the analyzer calibration.
Record the identification of
the orifice, aspirator air supply pressure, FIA back—pressure,
and the responses of the FIA to the carrier and system
calibration gases.
4.2.8
After completing the above checks, inject the system
calibration gas for approximately 10 minutes.
Time the exact
duration of the gas injection using a stopwatch.
Determine the
area under the FIA response curve and calculate the system
response factor based on the sample gas flow rate, gas
concentration, and the duration of the injection as compared to
124—568
221
the integrated response using Equations
2 and 3.
4.2.9
Verify that the sample oven and sample line temperatures
are 120 t5°Cand that the water bath temperature is 100 ±5°C.
4.2.10
Fill a tared syringe with approximately 1 g of the VOC
containing liquid and weigh it.
Transfer the liquid to a tared’
sample vessel.
Plug the sample vessel to minimize sample loss.
Weigh the sample vessel containing the liquid to determine the
amount of sample actually received.
Also, as a quality control
check, weigh the empty syringe to determine the amount of
material delivered.
The two coating sample weights should agree
within ±0.02g.
If not, repeat the procedure until an acceptable
sample is obtained.
4.2.11
Connect the vessel to the analysis system.
Adjust the
aspirator supply pressure to the correct value.
Open the valve
on the carrier gas supply to the sample vessel and adjust it to
provide a slight excess flow to the atmospheric vent.
‘As soon as
the initial response of the FIA begins to decrease, immerse the
sample vessel in the water bath.
(Applying heat to the sample
vessel too soon may cause the FID response to exceed the
calibrated range of the instrument,
and thus invalidate the
analysis.)
4.2.12
Continuously measure and record the response of the FIA
until all of the volatile material has been evaporated from the
sample and the instrument response has returned to the baseline
(i.e., response less than 0.5 percent of the span value).
Observe the aspirator supply pressure, FIA back—pressure,
atmospheric vent,
and other system operating parameters during
the run; repeat the analysis procedure if any of these parameters
deviate from the values established during the system calibration
checks in Section 4.2.7~. After each sample perform the drift
check described in Section 5.2.
If the drift check results are
acceptable, calculate the VOC content of the sample using the
equations in Section 7.
Integrate the area under the FIA
response curve, ordetermine the average concentration response
and the duration of sample analysis.
5.
CALIBRATION
AND
QUALITY ASSURANCE
5.1
FIA Calibration and Linearity Check.
Make necessary
adjustments to the air and fuel supplies for the FIA and ignite
the burner.
Allow the FIA to warm up for the period recommended
by the manufacturer.
Inject a calibration gas into the
measurement system and adjust the back—pressure regulator to the
value required to achieve the flow rates specified by the
manufacturer.
Inject the zero— and the high—range calibration
gases and adjust the analyzer calibration to provide the proper
responses.
Inject the low— and mid—range gases and record the
responses of the measurement system.
The calibration and
125—5 69
222
linearity
of
the
system
are
acceptable
if
the
responses
for
all
four gases are within 5 percent
of
the
respective
gas
values.
If
the performance of the system is not acceptable, repair or adjust
the system and repeat the linearity check.
Conduct a calibration
and linearity check after assembling the analysIs system and
after a major change is made to the system.
5.2
Systems Drift Checks.
After each sample, repeat the system
calibration checks in Section 4.2.7 before any adjustments to the
FIA or measurement system are made.
If the zero or calibration
drift exceeds ±3percent of the span value, discard the result
and repeat the analysis.
5.3
Critical Orifice Calibration.
5.3.1
Each critical orifice must be calibrated at the specific
operating conditions that it will be used.
Therefore, assemble
all components of the liquid sample analysis system as shown in
Figure
3.
A stopwatch is also required.
5.3.2
Turn on the sample oven, sample line, and water bath
heaters and allow the system to reach the proper operating
temperature.
Adjust the aspirator to a vacuum of 380 mm
(15 in.)
Hg vacuum.
Measure the time required for one soap bubble to move
a known distance and record barometric pressure.
5.3.3
Repeat the calibration procedure at a vacuum of 406 mm
(16
in.) Hg and at 25-mm
(1-in.) Hg intervals until three consecutive
determinations provide the same flow rate.
Calculate the
critical flow rate for the orifice in mi/mm
at standard
conditions.
Record the vacuum necessary to achieve critical
flow.
6.
NOMENCLATURE
A1
=
area under the response curve of the liquid sample,
area count.
area under the response curve of the calibration
gas,
area
count.
Cs
=
actual
concentration
of
system
calibration
gas,
ppm
propane.
K
=
1.830 x 109 g/(ml-ppm).
L
=
total VOC content of liquid input,
kg.
ML
=
mass of liquid sample delivered to the sample
vessel,
g.
q
=
flow rate through critical orifice, ml/min.
124—5 70
223
RF
=
liquid analysis system response factor, g/area
count.
T5
=
total gas injection time for system calibration gas
during integrator calibration, mm.
V~j
=
final VOC fraction of VOC containing liquid
j•
V1j
=
initial VOC fraction of VOC containing liquid
j.
VAj
=
VOC fraction of VOC containing liquid
j
added during
the
run.
V
=
VOC
fraction
of
liquid
sample.
W~j
=
weight of VOC containing liquid
j
remaining
at
end
of
the
run,
kg.
W1j
=
weight
of VOC containing liquid
j
at beginning of
the
run,
kg.
~
=
weight of VOC containing liquid
j
added
during
the
run,
kg.
7.
CALCULATIONS
7.1
Total VOC Content of the Input VOC Containing Liquid.
n
n
L
=
•E
V1j
W~j
-
E
V~j~
+
E
VAj
W~j
Eq.
3.
j=1
j=1
7.2
Liquid Sample Analysis System Response Factor for Systems
Using Integrators, Grams/Area Counts.
C5qT5K
RF=
________
Eq.
2
A8
7.13
VOC
Content
of
the
Liquid
Sample.
ALRF
Eq.3
V=
________
ML
124—57 1
224
Procedure T
—
Criteria for and Verification of a Permanent or
Temporary Total Enclosure
1.
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Applicability.
This procedure is used to determine whether
a permanent or temporary enclosure meets the criteria of a total
enclosure.
1.2
Principle.
An enclosure is evaluated against a set of
criteria.
If the criteria are met and if all the exhaust gases
are ducted to
a control device, then the volatile organic
compounds (VOC)
capture efficiency
(CE)
is assumed to be 100
percent and CE need not be measured.
However,
if part of the
exhaust gas stream is not ducted to a control device, CE must be
determined.
2.
DEFINITIONS
2.1
Natural Draft Opening
(NDO)
--
Any permanent opening in the
enclosure that remains open during operation of the facility and
is not connected to a duct in which a fan is installed.
2.2
Permanent Total Enclosure
(PTE)
——
A permanently installed
enclosure that completely surrounds a source of emissions such
that all VOC emissions are captured and contained for discharge
through a control device.
2.3
Temporary Total Enclosure
(TTE)
--
A temporarily installed
enclosure that completely surrounds a source of emissions such
that all VOC emissions are captured and contained for discharge
through ducts that allow for the accurate measurement of VOC
rates.
3.
CRITERIA
OF
A
TEMPORARY
TOTAL
ENCLOSURE
3.1
Any
NDO
shall be at least
4 equivalent opening diameters
from each VOC emitting point.
3.2
Any
exhaust point from the enclosure shall be at least
4
equivalent duct or hood diameters from each NDO.
3.3
The total area of all
NDO’s
shall not exceed 5 percent of
the surface area of the enclosure’s four walls, floor, and
ceiling.
3.4
The average facial velocity
(FV) of
air
through
all
NDO’s
shall be at least 3,600 rn/hr
(200 fpm).
The direction of air
through all NDO’s shall be into the enclosure.
124—572
225
3.5
All access doors and windows whose areas are not included in
Section
3.3
and
are
not
included
in
the calculation in Section
3.4 shall be closed during routine operation of the process.
4.
CRITERIA OF A PERMANENT TOTAL ENCLOSURE
4.1
Same as Sections 3.1 and 3.3
— 3.5.
4.2
All VOC emissions must be captured and contained for
discharge through a control device.
5.
PROCEDURE
5.1
Determine the equivalent diameters of the NDO’s and
determine the distances from each VOC emitting point to all
NDO’s.
Determine the equivalent diameter of each exhaust duct or
hood and its distance to all NDO’s.
Calculate the distances in
terms of equivalent diameters.
The number of equivalent
diameters shall be at least
4.
5.2
Measure the total area
(Ar)
of the enclosure and the total
area
(AN)
of all NDO’s of the enclosure.
Calculate the NDO to
enclosure area ratio
(NEAR) as follows:
NEAR
=
AN/At
The NEAR must be
0.05.
5.3
Measure the volumetric flow rate, corrected to standard
conditions,of each gas stream exiting the enclosure through an
exhaust duct or hood using EPA Method 2.
In some cases
(e.g.,
when the building is the enclosure),
it may be necessary to
measure the volumetric flow rate, corrected to standard
conditions,
of each gas stream entering the enclosure through a
forced makeup air duct using Method
2.
Calculate FV using the
following equation:
FV
tQ0Q~3/AN
where:
Q0
=
the sum of the volumetric flow from all gas streams
exiting the enclosure through an exhaust duct or
hood.
Q1
=
the sum of the volumetric flow from all gas streams
into the enclosure through a forced makeup air duct;
zero,
if there is no forced makeup air into the
enclosure.
AN
=
total area of all NDO’S in enclosure.
124—5 73
226
The
FV shall be at least
3,600
m/hr
(200
fpm).
5.4
Verify that the direction of air flow through all NDO’s is
inward.
Use streamers,
smoke tubes, tracer gases,
etc.
Strips
of plastic wrapping film have been found to be effective.
Monitor the direction of air flow at intervals of at least 10
minutes for at least 1 hour.
6.
QUALITY ASSURANCE
6.1
The success of this protocol lies in designing the TTE to
simulate the conditions that exist without the TTE,
i.e., the
effect of the TTE on the normal flow patterns around the affected
facility or the amount of fugitive VOC emissions should be
minimal.
The TTE must enclose the application stations, coating
reservoirs,
and all areas from the application station to the
oven.
The oven does not have to be enclosed if it is under
negative pressure.
The NDO’s of the temporary enclosure and a
fugitive exhaust fan must be properly sized and placed.
6.2.
Estimate the ventilation rate of the TTE that best
simulates the conditions that exist without the TTE,
i.e.,
the
effect of the TTE on the normal flow patterns around the affected
facility or the amount of fugitive VOC emissions should be
minimal.
Figure 1 may be used as an aid.
Measure the
concentration
(CG)
and flow rate
(QG)
of the captured gas stream,
specify a safe concentration
(CF) for the fugitive gas stream,
estimate the CE, and then use the plot in Figure
1 to determine
the volumetric flowrate of the fugitive gas stream
(~F)~
A
fugitive VOC emission exhaust fan that has a variable flow
control is desirable.
6.2.1
Monitor the concentration of VOC into the capture device
without the TTE.
To minimize the effect of temporal variation on
the captured emissions,
the baseline measurement should be made
over as long a time period as practical.
However, the process
conditions must be the same for the measurement in Section 6.2.3
as they are for this baseline measurement.
This may require
short measuring times for this quality control check before and
after the construction of the TTE.
6.2.2
After the TTE is constructed, monitor the VOC
concentration inside the TTE.
This concentration shall not
continue to increase and must not exceed the safe level according
to OSHA requirements for permissible exposure limits.
An
increase in VOC concentration indicates poor TTE design or poor
capture efficiency.
6.2.3
Monitor the concentration of VOC into the capture device
with the TTE.
To limit the effect of the TTE on the process, the
VOC concentration with and without the TTE must be within ±10
percent.
If the measurements do not agree,
adjust the
124—574
227
ventilation
rate
from
the
TTE until they agree within 10 percent.
124—575
228
Appendix C
Reference Methods and Procedures
Introduction
This Appendix presents the reference methods and procedures
required for implementing Reasonably Available Control Technology
(RACT).
Methods and procedures are identified for two types of
ACT implementation:
a)
Determination of VOC destruction efficiency for evaluating
compliance with the 98 weight percent VOC reduction or 20
ppmv emission limit specified in Sections 215.520 through
215.527; and
b)
Determination of offgas flowrate, hourly emissions and stream
net heating value for calculating TRE.
All reference methods identified in this Appendix refer to the
reference methods specified at 40 CFR 60, Appendix A,
incorporated by. reference in Section 215.105.
VOC DESTRUCTION EFFICIENCY DETERMINATION
The following reference methods and procedures are required for
determining compliance with the percent destruction efficiency
specified in Sections 215.520 through 215.527.
a)
Reference Method
1 or 1A for selection of the sampling site.
The control device inlet sampling site for determination of
vent stream molar composition or total organic compound
destruction efficiency shall be prior to the inlet of any
control device and after all recovery devices.
b)
Reference Methods 2,
2A, 2C or 2D for determination of the
volumetric flowrate.
C)
Reference Method
3 to measure oxygen concentration of the air
dilution correction.
The emission sample shall be corrected
to
3 percent
oxygen.
d)
Reference Method 18 to determine the concentration of total
organic compounds (minus methane and ethane)
in the control
device outlet and total organic compound reduction efficiency
of the control device.
TRE
DETERMINATION
The following reference methods and procedures are required
for
determining the offgas flowrate, hourly emissions, and the net
heating value of the gas combusted to calculate the vent stream
TRE.
124—5 76
229
a)
Reference
Method
1
or
1A
for
selection
of
the sampling site.
The
sampling
site
for
the
vent
stream
flowrate
and
molar
composition determination prescribed in
(b) and
(c)
shall be
prior to the inlet of any combustion device, prior to any
post—reactor dilution of the stream with air and prior to any
post—reactor introduction of halogenated compounds into the
vent stream.
Subject to the preceding restrictions on the
sampling site, it shall be after the final recovery device.
If any gas stream other than the air oxidation vent stream is
normally conducted through the recovery system of the
affected facility, such stream shall be rerouted or turned
off while the vent stream is sampled, but shall be routed
normally prior to the measuring of the initial value of the
monitored parameters for determining compliance with the
recommended RACT.
If the air oxidation vent stream is
normally routed through any equipment which is not a part of
the air oxidation process as defined in 35 Ill.
Adni. Code
211.122, such equipment shall be bypassed by the vent stream
while the vent stream is sampled, but shall not be bypassed
during the measurement of the initial value of the monitored
parameters for determining compliance with Subpart V.
b)
The molar composition of the vent stream shall be determined
using the following methods:
1)
Reference Method 18 to measure the concentration of all
organics, including those containing halogens, unless a
significant portion of the compounds of interest are
polymeric (high molecular weight), can polymerize before
analysis or have low vapor pressures,
in which case
Reference Method 25(a)
shall be used.
2)
ASTM Dl946-67
(reapproved 1977), incorporated by
reference in Section 215.105, to measure the
concentration of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
3)
Reference Method
4 to measure the content of water vapor,
if necessary.
c)
The ‘volumetric flowrate shall be determined using Reference
Method
2,
2A, 2C or 2D, as appropriate.
d)
The net heating value of the vent stream shall be calculated
using the following equation:
n
H=K
E
CiHi
i=1
124—577
230
Where:
H
=
Net
heating
value
of
the
sample,
MJ/scm,
where
the
net enthalpy per mole of offgas is based on
combustion at 25°Cand 760 mm Hg, but the standard
temperature
for
determining
the
volume
corresponding
to one mole is 20°C,as in
the
definition
of
F
(vent
stream flowrate) below.
K
=
Constant,
1.740 x 107
(1/ppm)
(mole/scm) (MJ/kcal)
where standard temperature for mole/scm is 20°C.
Ci
=
Concentration of sample component i, reported on a
wet basis,
in ppm,
as measured by Reference Method
18 or ASTM D1946—67
(reapproved 1977),
incorporated
by reference in Section 215.105.
Hi
=
Net heat of combustion of sample component
i,
kcal/mole based on combustion at 25 C and 760 mm Hg.
If published values are not available or cannot be
calculated,
the heats of combustion of vent stream
components are required to be determined using ASTM
D2382-76, incorporated by reference in Section
215.105.
‘e)
The emission rate of total organic
compounds
in
the
process
vent stream shall be calculated using the following equation:
n
E=K
F
E
CiMi
i=1
Where:
E
=
Emission rate of total organic compounds (minus
methane and ethane)
in the sample in kg/hr.
K
=
Constant 2.494 x 106
(1/ppm)
(mole/scm)
(kg/g)
(mm/hr)1 where standard temperature for
(mole/scm)
is 20°C.
Mi
=
Molecular weight of sample component i (g/mole).
F
=
Vent stream flowrate (scm/mm), at a standard
temperature of 20°C.
f)
The total vent stream concentration
(by volume) of compounds
containing halogens (ppmv, by compound) shall be summed from
the individual concentrations of compounds containing
124—5 78
231
halogens which were measured by Reference Method 18.
124—5 79
232
Appendix D
Coefficients
for
the
Total
Resource
Effectiveness
Index
(TRE) Equation
This
Appendix
contains
values
for
the
total
resource
effectiveness
index
(TRE)
equation
in
Subpart
V.
If
a flow rate falls exactly on the boundary between the
indicated ranges,
the
operator
shall
use
the
row
in
which
the
flow rate is maximum.
COEFFICIENTS FOR TRE EQUATION
FOR CHLORINATED PROCESS VENT
STREAMS
WITH
NET HEATING VALUE LESS
THAN
OR EQUAL TO 3.5
143/scm
FLOW
RATE
(S
cm/mm)
Mm.
Max.
a
b
c
d
e
f
COEFFICIENTS
FOR
TRE
EQUATION
FOR CHLORINATED
PROCESS VENT
STREAMS
WITH
NET HEATING VALUE GREATER
THAN
3.5
MJ/scm
0.0
13.5
13.5700.
700.1400.
1400.2100.
2100.2800.
2800.3500.
48.73
42.35
84.38
126.41
168.44
210.47
0.
0.404
0.624
0.404
0.678
0.404
0.712
0.404
0.747
0.404
0.758 0.404
—0.1632
—0.1632
—0.1632
—0.1632
—0.1632
—0.1632
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
FLOW RATE
(scm/mm)
Mm.
Max.
0.
13.5
13.5700.
7001400.
1400.2100.
2100.2800.
2800. 3500.
b
c
d
e
0.
0. 0245
0.0346
0. 0424
0.0490
0.0548
0.
0. 0245
0.0346
0.0424
0.0490
0. 0548
a
47.76
41.58
82.84
123.10
165.36
206.62
f
0.
—0.292
0. 605—0.292
0. 658—0. 292
0. 691—0.292
0.715—0.292
0.734—0. 292
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
124—580
233
COEFFICIENTS
FOR
TRE
EQUATION
FOR NONCHLORINATED PROCESS VENT
STREAMS WITH
NET HEATING VALUE
LESS THAN
OR
EQUAL
TO
0.48
143/scm
COEFFICIENTS FOR TRE EQUATION FOR NONCHLORINATED
PROCESS VENT STREAMS WITH NET HEATING VALUE
GREATER THAN
0.48 AND
LESS THAN
OR
EQUAL TO 1.9 143/scm
FLOW RATE
a
b
c
d
e
f
FLOW RATE
(scm/mm)
Mm.
Max.
0.
13.5
19.05
0.
0.113
—0.214
0.
0.
l3.~350.
16.61
0.239 0.113
—0.214
0.
0.0245
1350.2700.
32.91
0.260 0.113
—0.214
0.
0.0346
2700.4050.
49.21
0.273 0.113
—0.214
0.
0.0424
b
c
d
e
f
(scm/mm)
Mm.
Max.
a
0.
13.5
19.74
0.
0.400
—0.202
0.
0.
13.51350.
18.30
0.138 0.400
—0.202
0.
0.0245
1350.2700.
36.28
0.150 0.400
—0.202
0.
0.0346
2700.4050.
54.26
0.158 0.400
—0.202
0.
0.0424
124—581
234
COEFFICIENTS
FOR
TRE
EQUATION FOR NONCHLORINATED
PROCESS VENT
STREAMS
WITH NET HEATING VALUE
GREATER
THAN 1
•
9 AND LESS
THAN
OR
EQUAL TO 3.6 M3/scm
FLOW RATE
(scm/mm)
Min.Nax.
a
b
c
d
e
f
.0
13.5
15.24
0.
0.033
0.
0.
0.
13.51190.
13.63
0.157
0.033
0.
0.
0.0245
1190.2380.
26.95
0.171
0.033
0.
0.
0.0346
2380.3570.
40.27
0.179 0.033
0.
0.
0.0424
COEFFICIENTS FOR TRE EQUATION
FOR NONCHLORINATED
PROCESS VENT STREAMS WITH
NET HEATING VALUE GREATER
THAN
3.6 MG/scm
FLOW
RATE
(scm/mm)
Min.Max.
a
b
c
d
e
f
0.
13.5
15.24
0.
0.
0.0090
0.
0.
13.51190.
13.63
0.
0.
0.0090
0.0503
0.0245
1190.2380.
26.95
0.
0.
0.0090
0.0546
0.0346
2380.3570.
40.27
0.
0.
0.0090
0.0573
0.0424
IT
IS SO ORDERED.
3.
Marlin
and
J.D. Dumelle were not present.
I, Dorothy
14. Gunn,
Clerk of the Illinois Pollution Control
Board, hereby certj.~ythatthe a
pinion and Order was
adopted on the
‘~-~dayof
______________,
1991
by a vote
of
.5
O
.
Dorothy
14.
nfl, Cl~rk
Illinois P
lution Control Board
124—582
