ILLINOIS
POLLUTION
CONTROL
BOARD
June
11,
1991
IN THE
MATTER OF:
)
)
RACT DEFICIENCIES IN THE
)
CHICAGO
AREA:
AMENDMENTS
)
R91-7
TO
35
ILL.ADM.CODE
PART
215
)
(Rulemaking)
AND
THE
ADDITION
OF
PART
218
)
PROPOSED
RULE.
SECOND
NOTICE.
OPINION
AND
ORDER’
OF
THE
BOARD
(by
J.
Theodore
Meyer):
This
matter
is
before
the
Board
on
a
regulatory
proposal
filed by the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency
(Agency).
Additionally, on June 3,
1991,
the
Agency filed a motion to amend
the
proposal.
The Board today takes action, on that motion to
amend,
and proposes these rules for second notice.
This opinion
and order will contain only the procedural history of this
proceeding and the text of the rules themselves.
The Board will
issue a supplemental opinion shortly.
Procedural History
On January 17,
1991, the Agency filed this proposal for
rulemaking.
The proposa.l seeks to correct deficiencies
identified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency
(USEPA)
in Illinois’ state implementation plan
(SIP)
for ozone in
the Chicago area, and contains regulations requiring the
implementation of reasonably available control technology
(RACT)
for certain sources of volatile organic material (VON).
The
proposed regulations are intended to be identical in effect to
the federal. implementation plan
(FIP) promulgated by the United
States Environmental’Protection Agency (USEPA) for the Chicago
area.
(55 Fed. Rag. 26814, June 29, 1990.)
The Board accepted
the propo~’a1for hearing on February 7,
1991.
The Board also
accepted the Agency’s certification that this rulemaking is
federally required pursuant to Section 28.2 ‘of the Environmental
Protection Act (Act)
(Ill.Rev.Stat.
1989,
ch.
111 1/2, par.
1028.. 2), as amended by P.A. 86-1409.
The Board sent the rules,
as proposed by the Agency, to first notice on February 28,
1991.
The rules were published in the Illinois Reaister on March 15,
1991,
at 15 Ill.Reg.
3675.
On March 28,
1991, the Board found
that no economic impact study was necessary, in this proceeding.
Hearings were heI4 on April 10 and 15,
1991.
The first notice
comment period in this rulemaking expired on April 29, 1991.
On May 2,
1991, the Agency filed a motion to suspend
emergency rulemaking.
The Board had previously expressed its
2
intention to proceed with these proposed rules on an emergency
basis,
as provided by Section 5.02 of the Administrative
Procedure Act
(APA)
(Ill.Rev.Stat.
1989,
ch. 127,
par. 1005.02)
and Section 27(c) of the Act.
The Board intended to adopt the
rules on an emergency basis in order to meet the May 15, 1991
deadline set forth in the federal Clean Air Act Amendments of
1990,
and also proceed with “regular” rulemaking.
The Agency
moved that the Board suspend consideration of the proposal as an
emergency rulemaking,
alleging that the proposal was not
appropriate for emergency rulemaking.
Among other things, the
Agency noted that a representative from USEPA had stated at
hearing that USEPA believed that only
“permanent”
rules were
sufficient to meet the May 15 deadline, and that USEPA did not
view emergency rules to be “permanent”.
On May 3,
1991, the
Illinois Environmental Regulatory Group
(IERG)
filed a motion in
support of the Agency’s motion to suspend emergency rulemaking.
IERG stated that emergency rules would be a “futile” attempt to
meet the May 15 date.
IERG also stated that it was involved in
serious negotiations with USEPA and the Agency on points of
disagreement in these proposed rules.
At a May 6,
1991 Board
meeting, the Board deferred action on the motion for one week,
in
order to allow the participants additional time to continue
discussions with USEPA.
On May 13,
1991, the Agency filed a status report and a
“motion to extend first notice”.
The Agency updated that Board
on the continuing discussions between USEP~L, IERG,
and the
Agency.
The Ager~cystated that the negotiations involved
discussions on maxilaum theoretical emissionE
(MTE), compliance
and applicability dates for the proposed rules, and the rules
proposed as Subpart TT.
The status report included a letter from
Stephen Rothblatt, Chief of the Regulation Development Branch for
Region V of USEPA.
That letter confirmed that USEPA was invo.ved
with “serious” negotiations with IERG and the Agency.
The Agency
moved that the Board .Ielay moving into second notice until May
30,
1991.
The Agency contended that it looked very favorable
that all participants would reach an agreement, and ncted that if
the Board moved to second notice before the completion of the
negotiations, it would be unable to make changes in the proposed
rule (as a result of any agreement) without returning to first
notice.
Thr~Agency noted that Illinois is working within a very
tight time fram~f~r
this
rulemaking, so that there would be no
time to return to first notice.
The Agency summarized:
Therefore, despite the Agency’s earlier, fervent pleas
that the Boaid go to second notice
May 9, 1991,
the
Agency requests that the
Board
delay
second notice
until May 30,
1991.
Once the Board goes to second
notice, no changes, other than in response to comment
from the
Joint Committee on Administrative Rules
JCAR,
can be made to the rules.
The Agency, then,
would submit the rules at second notice to USEPA as our
3
state
implementation plan)
SIP.
We would’ supplement
the SIP submittal with the final rules once they are
promulgated.
These activities should have the effect
of having Illinois removed from the deficiency list
prior to publication while at the same time allowing
the negotiating parties the opportunity to complete
negotiations.
(Agency motion to extend first notice,
p.
6.)
On May 14,
1991,
in reliance on the statements and requests made
by the Agency,
IERG,
and USEPA, the Board granted the Agency’s
motions to suspend emergency rulemaking and to delay second
notice
until
after
May
30,
1991.
Motion to Amend ProDosal
On June 3,
1991, the Agency filed a motion to amend its
proposal.
The proposed amendments are a result of the
negotiations between the Agency, USEPA,
and. IERG.
The Agency
states that although no formal agreement has yet been reached
between the three participants, the Agency believes that the
proposed amendments are approvable by USEPA.
The Agency suggests
amendments to the definition of NTE (Section 218. 104), the
addition of a definition of “rolling limit”
(Section 218.104),
changes to the applicability and compliance date provisions
(Sections 218.103 and 218.106), amendments to the applicability
provisions of Subpart TT (Section 218.980), and revisions to
the
testing provisions in non-CTG categories in Subparts PP,
QQ,
BR,
and TT (Sections 218.105, 218.928, 218.948,
218.968, 218.988, and
218.991).
The Agency maintains that these proposed amendments
are in the best interests of the State and will result in no
negative impact on the environment.
The Agency states that the
amendments are the product of great
effort
to produce an
acceptable and effective SIP revision for the State.
Although
USEPA has not yet indicated that it can approve all of the
suggested revisions,
the Agency believes that ultimate approval
by USEPA can. be obtained.
IERG filed a motion in support of the Agency~smotion to
amend the proposal on June 4, 1991.
IERG
states that it supports
the suggested amendments,
and agrees with the reasons given by
the Agency.
IERG maintains that although it and USEPA have beers
unable to reach a settlement,
IERG believes that the amendments
proposed by the Agency are federally approvable.
Thus, IERG asks
that the Board adopt second notice., of the proposed rules,
including
the Agency’s suggested amendments.
After a review of
the
pleadings,
the
Board
grants
the
Agency’s motion to amend its proposal.
Eased
on.
the statements
made by the Agency and IERG, the Board believes that the proposed
amendments are federally approvable, and will protect the
4
amendments are
federally
approvable,
and will
protect
the
viability
of
the
various
federal
court
appeals’of
the
FIP,
on
which these proposed rules are based.
Language
added to the
~rules
is
indicated
by
underlining,
while
deletions
are
shown
by
strike-throughs.
Many
of
the
motions
and
other
filings
received
during
the
course of this proceeding have urged the Board
to
act
as
quickly
as possible.
The Board shares the participants’ concern for
timely action, and has expedited this proceeding.
Because of its
sensitivity to quick action, the Board today proposes these
rules, as amended,
for second notice.
The Board does so only
eight days after the Agency filed its motion to amend.
This
short time period has not allowed preparation of a full opinion
to accompany the proposed rules.
Although the Board usually
delays adoption of rules until a complete opinion is prepared,
the unusual circumstances of this proceeding merit a change in
this policy.
As stated above,
today the Board proceeds to second
notice of these proposed rules.
The Board will issue a
supplemental opinion as soon as possible.
Additionally. the
Board notes that it has made no attempt to address any Dossible
draftina Droblems in the Aaencv’s proDosal which may be of
concern to JCAR.
ORDER
The Board hereby proposes the following amendments for
second notice, to be filed with the Joint Committee on
Administrative Rules:
TITLE 35:
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
SUBTITLE B:
AIR POLLUTION
CHAPTER I:
POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD
SUBCHAPTER c:
EMISSIONS STANDARDS
AND
LIMITATIONS FOR STATIONARY SOURCES
PART’ 215
ORGANIC
MATERIAL
EMISSION
STANDARDS
AND
LIMITATIONS
SUBPART
A:
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section
215.100
Introduction
215.101
Clean-up and Disposal Operations
215102
Testing Methods
215.103
Abbreviations and Conversion Factors
215.104
Definitions
215.105
Incorporations
by
Reference
215.106
Afterburners
215.107
Determination
of
Applicability
5
SUBPART B:
ORGANIC EMISSIONS FROM STORAGE
AND
LOADING OPERATIONS
Section
215.121
215.122
215.123
215.124
215.125
215.126
215.127
215.128
Storage Containers
Loading Operations
Petroleum Liquid Storage Tanks
External Floating Roofs
Compliance
Dates
and
Geographical
Areas
Compliance Plan
Emissions
Testing
Measurement of Seal Gaps
SUBPART C:
ORGANIC EMISSIONS FROM MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT
Section
215.141
215.142
215.143
215.144
Separation Operations
Pumps
and
Compressors
Vapor
Blowdown
Safety
Relief
Valves
SUBPART E:
SOLVENT CLEANING
SUBPART
F:
COATING
OPERATIONS
Section
215.202
215.204
215.205
215.206
215.207
215.208
215.209
215.210
215.211
215.212
215.213
215.214
Compliance
Schedules
Emission
Limitations
for
Manufacturing
Plants
Alternative Emission Limitations
Exemptions from Emission Limitations
Compliance by Aggregation of Emission Sources
Testing Methods for Volatile Organic Material
Exemption from General Rule on Use of Organic
Alternative Compliance Schedule
Compliance Dates and Geographical Areas
Compliance Plan
Special Requirements for Compliance Plan
Roadmaster
Emissions
Limitations
Content
Material
SUBPART
Section
215.240
215.241
H:
SPECIAL LIMITATIONS
FOR SOURCES
IN
MAJOD-
AREAS
WHICH
ARE
NONATTAINMENT
FOR OZONE
Applicability
External
Floating
Roofs
Section
215.181
215.182
215.183
215.184
215.185
Solvent Cleaning in General
Cold Cleaning
Open Top Vapor Degreasing
Conveyorized Degreasing
Compliance Plan
6
215.245
Flexographic and Rotogravure Printing
215.249
Compliance Dates
SUBPART I:
ADJUSTED RACT EMISSIONS LIMITATIONS
Section
215.260
Applicability
215.261
Petition
215.263
Public Hearing
215.264
Board Action
215.267
Agency Petition
SUBPART
K:
USE
OF
ORGANIC
MATERIAL
Section
215.301
Use
of
Organic
Material
215.302
Alternative Standard
215.303
Fuel
Combustion
Emission
Sources
215.304
Operations with Compliance Program
215.305
Viscose Exemption
(Repealed)
SUBPART
N:
VEGETABLE OIL PROCESSING
Section
215.340
Hexane Extraction Soybean Crushing
215.342
Hexane Extraction Corn Oil Processing
215.344
Recordkeeping For Vegetable Oil Processes
215.345
Compliance
Determination
215.346
Compliance Dates and Geographical Areas
215.347
Compliance
Plan
SUBPART
P:
PRINTING
AND
PUBLISHING
Section
215.401
Flexographic and Rotogravure Printing
215.402
Exemptions
215.403
Applicability of Subpart K
215.404
Testing and Monitoring
(Repealed)
215.405
Compliance Dates and Geographical Areas
‘215.406
Alternative Compliance Plan
215.407
Compliance Plan
215.408
Heatset
Web
Offset Lithographic Printing
215.409
Testing
Methods
for
Volatile
Organic
Material
Content
215.410
Emissions
Testing
SUBPART
Q:
LEAKS
FROM SYNTHETIC ORGANIC
CHEMICAL
AND
POLYMER
MANUFACTURING EQUIPMENT
Section
215.420
Applicability
215.421
General
Requirements
215.422
Inspection Program Plan for
Leaks
7
215.423
215.424
215. 425
215.426
215.427
215.428
215.429
215.430
215.431
215.432
215.433
215.434
215.435
215.436
215.437
215.438
215.439
SUBPART R:
Section
215.441
215.442
215.443
215.444
215.445
215.446
215.447
215.448
215.449
215.450
215.451
215.452
215.453
Inspection Program for Leaks
Repairing
Leaks
Recordkeeping for Leaks
Report for Leaks
Alternative Program for Leaks
Compliance Dates
Compliance Plan
General Requirements
Inspection Program Plan for Leaks
Inspection Program for Leaks
Repairing Leaks
Recordkeeping for Leaks
Report for Leaks
Alternative Program for Leaks
Open-Ended Valves
Standards for Control Devices
Compliance Date
PETROLEUM
REFINING
AND
RELATED INDUSTRIES; ASPHALT MATERIALS
Petroleum Refinery Waste Gas Disposal
Vacuum
Producing
Systems
Wastewater
(Oil/Water) Separator
Process Unit Turnarounds
Leaks:
General Requirements
Monitoring Program Plan for Leaks
Monitoring
Program
for
Leaks
Recordkeeping for Leaks
Reporting for Leaks
Alternative Program for Leaks
Sealing Device Requirements
Compliance Schedule for Leaks
Compliance
Dates and Geographical Areas
SUBPART
S:
RUBBER
AND
MISCELLANEOUS
PLASTIC PRODUCTS
Section
215.461
215.462
215.463
215.464
215.465
215.466
215.467
Section
215.480
215.481
Manufacture of Pneumatic Rubber Tires
Green Tire Spraying Operations
Alternative Emission Reduction Systems
Emission Testing
Compliance Dates and Geographical Areas
Compliance Plan
Testing Methods for Volatile Organic Material Content
SUBPART T:
PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURING
Applicability of Subpart T
Control of Reactors, Distillation Units,
Crystallizers,
Centrifuges and Vacuum Dryers
8
215.482
Control of Air Dryers, Production Equipment Exhaust
Systems
and
Filters
Material
Storage
and
Transfer
In—Process Tanks
Leaks
Other Emission Sources
Testing
Monitors for Air Pollution Control Equipment
Compliance
Schedule
SUBPART
U:
COKE
MANUFACTURING
AND
BY-PRODUCT
RECOVERY
Section
215.500
215.510
215.512
215.513
215.514
215.515
215.516
215.517
Section
215.541
Section
215.561
215.562
215.563
Section
215.581
215.582
215.583
215.584
215.585
215.586
Exceptions
Coke By-Product Recovery Plants
Coke By-Product Recovery Plant Leaks
Inspection
Program
Recordkeeping Requirements
Reporting
Requirements
Compliance Dates
Compliance
Plan
SUBPART
V:
AIR
OXIDATION
PROCESSES
Applicability
Definitions
Emission
Limitations
for
Air
Oxidation
Processes
Testing and Monitoring
Compliance Date
SUBPART W:
AGRICULTURE
Pesticide Exception
SUBPART X:
CONSTRUCTION
Architectural Coatings
Paving Operations
Cutback Asphalt
SUBPART Y:
GASOLINE DISTRIBUTION
Bulk Gasoline Plants
Bulk Gasoline Terminals
Gasoline Dispensing Facilities
Gasoline Delivery Vessels
Gasoline Volatility Standards
Emissions Testing
215.483
215.484
215.485
215.486
215.487
215.488
215.489
Section
215.520
215.521
215.525
215.526
215.527
9
SUBPART
Z:
DRY
CLEANERS
Section
215.601
215.602
215.603
215.604
215.605
215.606
215.607
215.608
215.609
215.610
215.611
215.612
215.613
215.614
Perchioroethylene Dry Cleaners
Exemptions
Leaks
Compliance Dates and Geographical Areas
Compliance Plan
Exception to Compliance Plan
Standards for Petroleum Solvent Dry Cleaners
Operating Practices for Petroleum Solvent Dry Cleaners
Program for Inspection and Repair of Leaks
Testing
and
Monitoring
Exemption for Petroleum Solvent
Dry
Cleaners
Compliance Dates and Geographical Areas
Compliance Plan
Testing Method for Volatile Organic Material
Wastes
215.615
Emissions
Testing
SUBPART
AA:
PAINT
AND
INK
MANUFACTURING
Section
215.620
215.621
215.623
215.624
215.625
215. 628
215.630
215.636
Applicability
Exemption for Waterbase Material and Heatset
Permit Conditions
Open-top Mills,
Tanks, Vats or Vessels
Grinding
Mills
Leaks
Clean Up
Compliance
Dates
Offset Ink
SUBPART
BB:
POLYSTYRENE
PLANTS
Section
215.875
215.877
215.879
215.881
215.883
215.886
Applicability of Subpart BB
Emissions Limitation at Polystyrene Plants
Compliance Date
Compliance Plan
Special Requirements for Compliance Plan
Emissions Testing
SUBPART PP:
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED PRODUCT MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
Section
215. 920
215. 923
215.926
Applicability
Permit Conditions
Control
Requirements
Content
of
10
SUBPART
QQ:
MISCELLANEOUS FORMULATION MANUFACTURING
PROCESSES
Section
215.940
Applicability
215.943
Permit Conditions
215.946
Control Requirements
SUBPART
RR:
MISCELLANEOUS ORGANIC CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING
PROCESSES
Section
215.960
Applicability
215.963
Permit Conditions
215.966
Control Requirements
Appendix A
Rule Into Section Table
Appendix B
Section Into Rule Table
Appendix C
Past Compliance Dates
Appendix
D
List
of
Chemicals
Defining
Synthetic
Organic
Chemical
and
Polymer Manufacturing
Appendix E
Reference Methods and Procedures
Appendix F
Coefficients for the Total Resource Effectiveness
Index
(TRE)
Equation
AUTHORITY:
Implementing Section 10 and authorized by Section 27
of the Environmental Protection Act
(Ill. Rev.
Stat.
1989,
ch.
111 1/2,
pars. 1010 and 1027).
SOURCE:
Adopted
as
Chapter
2:
Air Pollution, Rule 205:
Organic
Material
Emission
Standards
and
Limitations,
R71—23,
4
PCB
191,
filed and effective April 14,
1972; amended in R77—3, 33 PCB 357,
at
3
Ill.
Reg.
18,
p.
41,
effective
May
3,
1979; amended in R78-3
and R78-4,
35 PCB 75, at 3 Ill.
Reg.
30,
p.
124, effective July
28,
1979;
amended
in
R80-5
at
7
Ill.
Reg.
1244, effective January
21,
1983;
codified
at
7
Ill.
Reg.
13601;
Notice
of
Corrections
at
7 Ill. Reg.
14575; amended in R82—l4 at 8 Ill. Reg.
13254,
effective July 12,
1984;
amended in R83—36 at 9 Ill. Reg.
9114,
effective May 30,
1985; amended in R82—14 at 9 Ill. Reg.
13960,
effective August 28,
1985; amended in R85—28 at 11 Ill. Reg.
3127, effective
February
3, 1987; amended in R82—l4 at 11 Ill.
Reg. 7296,
effective April
3,
1987; amended in R85-21(A) at 11
Ill. Reg.
11770, effective June 29,
1987; recodified in R86—39 at
11 Ill. Reg.
13541; amended in R82—14 and R86—l2 at 11 Ill. Reg.
16706,
effective September 30, 1987;
amended in R85-21(B) at 11
Ill. Reg.
19117, effective November 9,
1987; amended in R86—36,
R86—39, R86—40 at 11
Iii.
Reg. 20829, effective December 14,
1987; amended in R82—14 and R86—37 at 12 Ill. Reg. 815, effective
December 24,
1987; amended in R86—18 at 12 Ill.
Reg.
7311,
effective April
8,
1988; amended in R86—10 at 12 Ill. Reg.
7650,
effective April 11,
1988; amended in R88-23 at 13 Ill. Reg.
10893, effective June 27,
1989; amended in R88—30(A) at 14
Ill.
11
Reg.
3555, effective February 27,
1990; emergency amendments
adopted in R88-30(A)
at 14 Iii. Req.
6421, effective April 11,
1990,
for a maximum of 150 days; amended in R88—19 at 14 Ill.
Reg.
7596, effective May 8,
1990; amended in P89-16(A) at 14
Ill.
Reg.
9173, effective May 23,
1990;
amended inR88—30(B)
at 15
Ill. Reg.
3309, effective February 13,
1991; amended in R91-7 at
15 Ill. Reg.
_________,
effective
_________________
SUBPART A:
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section 215.100
Introduction
a)
This Part contains standards and limitations for
emissions of organic material from stationary sources
located in areas other than the Chicago area counties
of Cook. DuPage.
Kane. Lake. McHenrv. and Will and the
Metro East area counties of Madison. Monroe. and St.
Clair.
Standards and limitations aDDivina in the
Chicago area are set forth in Part 218.
Standards and
limitations ap~1vinain the Metro East area’ are set
forth in Part 219.
.~J
NotwithstandinQ any other provision of this Part.
the provisions of this Part shall not a~plvto
sources located in the Chicacto area counties of
Cook.
DuPaae, Kane.
Lake.
Mcflenry and Will unless
the provisions of 35 Ill. Ada. Code Part 218
a~p1icab1eto such sources are voided or otherwise
made
ineffective
pursuant
to
Section
218.100
of
35
Ill. Ada. Code Part 218.
~j
Notwithstanding any other provision of this Part.
the provisions of this Part shall not apply to
sources in the Metro East area counties of
Madison. Monroe and St. Clair unless the
provisions
of
35
Ii..
Ada.
Code
Part
219
a~p1icab1eto such sources are voided or
otherwise
made ineffective pursuant to Section 219.100 of 35
Ill. Ada. Code Part 219.
b)
Sources subject to this Part may be subject to the
following:
1)
Permits required under 35 Ill. Ada. Code 201;
2)
Air quality standards under 35 Ill. Ada. Code 243.
c)
This Part is divided into Subparts which are grouped as
follows:
1)
Subpart A:
General provisions;
12
2)
Subparts B
-
J:
Emissions from equipment and
operations
in
common
to
more
than
one
industry;
3)
Subparts
K
—
M:
Emissions from use of organic
material;
4)
Subparts N
-
end:
Special rules for various
industry groups.
(Source:
Amended
at
15
Ill.
Reg.
___________,
effective
SUBPART Y:
GASOLINE DISTRIBUTION
Section 215.581
Bulk Gasoline Plants
a)
Subject to subsection
(e), no person may cause or allow
the transfer of gasoline from a delivery vessel into a
stationary storage tank located at a bulk gasoline
plant unless:
1)
The delivery vessel and the stationary storage
tank are each equIpped with a vapor collection
system that meets the requirements of subsection
(d) (4);
2)
Each vapor collection system is operating;
3)
The delivery vessel displays the appropriate
sticker pursuant to the requirements of Section
215.584(b) or
(d);
4)
The pressure relief valve(s) on the stationary
storage tank and the delivery vessel are set to
release at no less than 0.7 psi or the highest
pressure allowed by state or local fire codes or
the guidelines of the National Fire Prevention
Association; and
5)
The stationary storage tank is equipped with a
submerged loading
pipe.
b)
Subject to subsection
(f), no person may cause or allow
the transfer of gasoline from a stationary storage tank
located
at
a
bulk
gasoline
plant
into
a
delivery
vessel
unless:
1)
The requirements set forth in subsections
(a) (1)
through
(a) (4) are met; and
2)
Equipment is available at the bulk gasoline plant
to provide for the submerged filling of the
13
delivery vessel or the delivery vessel is equipped
for bottom loading.
c)
Subject to subsection
(e), each owner of a stationary
storage tank located at a bulk gasoline plant shall:
1)
Equip each stationary storage tank with a vapor
control
system
that
meets
the requirements of
subsection
(a) or
(b), whichever is applicable;
2)
Provide instructions to the operator of the bulk
gasoline plant describing necessary maintenance
operations and procedures for prompt notification
of the owner in case of any malfunction of a vapor
control system; and
3)
Repair, replace or modify any worn out or
malfunctioning component or element of design.
d)
Subject to subsection
(e), each operator of a bulk
gasoline plant shall:
1)
Maintain and operate each vapor control system in
accordance with the owner’s instructions;
2)
Promptly notify the owner of any scheduled
maintenance or malfunction requiring replacement
or repair of a major component of a vapor control
system; and
3)
Maintain gauges, meters or other specified testing
devices in proper working order;
4)
Operate the bulk plant vapor collection system and
gasoline loading equipment in a manner that
prevents:
A)
Gauge pressure from exceeding 18 inches of
water and vacuum from exceeding 6 inches of
water,
as
measured
as
close
as
possible
to
the vapor hose connection; and
B)
A reading equal to or greater than 100
percent of the lower explosive limit (LEL
measured as propane) when tested in
accordance with the procedure described in
EPA 450/2-78—051 Appendix B; and
C)
Avoidable leaks of liquid during loading or
unloading operations.
5)
Provide a pressure
tap
or equivalent on the bulk
14
plant vapor collection system
in. order to allow
the determination of compliance with
215.581(d) (4) (A); and
6)
Within 15 business days after discovery of the
leak by the owner, operator, or the Agency, repair
and retest a vapor collection system which exceeds
the limits of subsection (d)(4)(A) or
(B).
e)
The requirements of subsections
(a),
(c) and
(d)
shall
not apply to:
1)
Any stationary storage tank with a capacity of
less than 575 gallons; or
2)
Any bulk gasoline plant whose annual gasoline
throughput is less than 350,000 gallons as
averaged over the preceding three calendar years.
f)
The requirements of subsection
(b)
shall only apply to
bulk gasoline plants:
1)
That have an annual gasoline throughput greater
than or equal to 1,000,000 gallons, as averaged
over the preceding three calendar years; and
2)
That either distribute gasoline to gasoline
dispensing facilities subject to the
requirements
of Section 215.583(a) (2)1
35 Ill. Ada. Code
218.583(b) (2)
or 35 Ill. Ada. Code 219.583(a) (2)
or that are located in the following counties:
Boone,
Cook, Durage, Kane,
Lake,
Hadi3on, MeHenry,
Peoria, Rock Island, St.
Clair, Ta~ewell,t~i1lor
Winnebago.
g)
Bulk gasoline plants were required to take certain
actions to achieve compliance which are summarized in
Appendix C.
(Source:
Amended at 15
Ill. Reg.
_______________,
effective
TITLE 35:
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
SUBTITLE B:
AIR POLLUTION
CHAPTER I:
POLLUTION CONTROL
BOARD
SUBCHAPTER c:
EMISSIONS STANDARDS AND LIMITATIONS FOR STATIONARY SOURCES
15
PART
218
ORGANIC MATERIAL EMISSION STANDARDS
AND
LIMITATIONS
FOR THE CHICAGO AREA
SUBPART
A:
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section
218.100
218.101
218.102
218.103
218.104
218.105
218.106
218.107
218.108
218.109
218.110
218.111
218.112
Introduction
Clean-up and Disposal Operations
Abbreviations and Conversion Factors
Applicability
Definitions
Test Methods and Procedures
Compliance Dates
Afterburners
Exemptions; Variations,
and Alternative Means of
Control or Compliance Determinations
Vapor Pressure of Volatile Organic Liquids
Vapor Pressure of Organic Material or Solvents
Vapor Pressure of Volatile Organic Material
Incorporations by Reference
SUBPART B:
ORGANIC EMISSIONS FROM STORAGE
AND
LOADING OPERATIONS
Section
218.121
218.122
218.123
218.124
218.125
218.126
Storage
Containers
Loading Operations
Petroleum Liquid Storage Tanks
External Floating Roofs
Compliance
Dates
Compliance Plan
SUBPART C:
ORGANIC EMISSIONS FROM MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT
Section
218.141
218.142
218.143
218.144
Section
218.181
218.182
218.183
218.184
218.185
218.186
Separation
Operations
Pumps
and
Compressors
Vapor Blowdown
Safety Relief Valves
SUBPART E:
SOLVENT CLEANING
Solvent Cleaning in General
Cold Cleaning
Open Top Vapor Degreasing
Conveyorized Degreasing
Compliance Schedule
Test Methods
16
SUBPART F:
COATING OPERATIONS
6ection
218.204
218.205
218.206
218.207
218.208
218.209
218.210
218.211
Section
218.301
218.302
218.303
218.304
Section
218.401
218.402
218.403
218.404
218.405
SUBPART
Section
218.421
218.422
218.423
218.424
218.425
218.426
218.427
218.428
218.429
218.430
Emission
Limitations
for
Manufacturing
Plants
Daily-Weighted Average Limitations
Solids Basis Calculation
Alternative Emission Limitations
Exemptions from Emission Limitations
Exemption from General Rule on Use of Organic Material
Compliance Schedule
Recordkeeping and Reporting
SUBPART
G:
USE
OF
ORGANIC
MATERIAL
Use of Organic Material
Alternative
Standard
Fuel
Combustion
Emission
Sources
Operations
with
Compliance
Program
SUBPART
H:
PRINTING
AND
PUBLISHING
Flexographic and Rotogravure Printing
Applicability
Compliance Schedule
Recordkeeping and Reporting
Heatset Web Offset Lithographic Printing
Q:
LEAKS
FROM
SYNTHETIC
ORGANIC
CHEMICAL
AND
POLYMER
MANUFACTURING
EQUIPMENT
General Requirements
Inspection
Program ~Planfor Leaks
Inspection Program for Leaks
Repairing
Leaks
Recordkeeping for Leaks
Report for Leaks
Alternative Program for Leaks
Open-ended Valves
Standards for Control Devices
Compliance Date
SUBPART
R:
PETROLEUM
REFINING
AND
RELATED
INDUSTRIES;
ASPHALT
MATERIALS
Section
218.441
218.442
218.443
Petroleum Refinery Waste Gas Disposal
Vacuum
Producing
Systems
Wastewater
(Oil/Water)
Separator
17
218.444
218.445
218.446
218.447
218.448
218.449
218.450
218.451
218.452
218.453
Process
Unit
Turnarounds
Leaks:
General
Requirements
Monitoring Program Plan for Leaks
Monitoring Program for Leaks
Recordkeeping for Leaks
Reporting
for
Leaks
Alternative Program for Leaks
Sealing Device Requirements
Compliance Schedule for Leaks
Compliance Dates
SUBPART
S:
RUBBER
AND
MISCELLANEOUS
PLASTIC
PRODUCTS
Section
218.461
218.462
218.463
218.464
218.465
218.466
Section
218.480
218.481
Manufacture
of
Pneumatic
Rubber Tires
Green
Tire
Spraying
Operations
Alternative Emission Reduction Systems
Emission
Testing
Compliance
Dates
Compliance Plan
SUBPART T:
PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURING
Applicability
of
Subpart
T
Control
of Reactors, Distillation Units,
Crystallizers,
Centrifuges and Vacuum Dryers
218.482
Control of Air Dryers, Production Equipment Exhaust
Systems and Filters
Material Storage and Transfer
In—Process Tanks
Leaks
Other Emission Sources
Testing
Monitoring and Recordkeeping for Air Pollution Control
Equipment
218.489
Recordkeeping for Air Pollution Control Equipment
Section
218.541
SUBPART V:
AIR OXIDATION PROCESSES
Definitions
Emission Limitations for Air Oxidation Processes
Testing and Monitoring
Compliance Date
SUBPART
W:
AGRICULTURE
218.483
218.484
218.485
218.486
218.
487
218. 488
Section
218.521
218.525
218.526
218.527
Pesticide Exception
18
SUBPART
X:
CONSTRUCTION
Perchioroethylene Dry Cleaners
Exemptions
Leaks
Compliance
Dates
Compliance Plan
Exception to Compliance Plan
Standards for Petroleum Solvent Dry Cleaners
Operating
Practices for Petroleum Solvent Dry Cleaners
Program for Inspection and Repair of Leaks
Testing
and
Monitoring
Exemption for Petroleum Solvent
Dry
Cleaners
Compliance
Dates
Compliance
Plan
SUBPART AA:
PAINT
AND
INK MANUFACTURING
Applicability
Exemption for Waterbase Material and Heatset Offset Ink
Permit
Conditions
Open-top Mills,
Tanks, Vats or Vessels
Grinding
Mills
Storage Tanks
Leaks
Clean Up
Compliance Schedule
Recordkeeping
and
Reporting
SUBPART
BB:
POLYSTYRENE
PLANTS
Architectural Coatings
Paving Operations
Cutback Asphalt
SUBPART Y:
GASOLINE DISTRIBUTION
Bulk
Gasoline
Plants
Bulk
Gasoline
Terminals
Gasoline Dispensing Facilities
Gasoline Delivery Vessels
Gasoline Volatility Standards
SUBPART
Z:
DRY
CLEANERS
Section
218.561
218.562
218.563
Section
218.581
218.582
218.583
218.584
218.585
Section
218.601
218.602
218.603
218.604
218.605
218.
606
218.607
218. 608
218.609
218.610
218.611
218.612
218.613
Section
218.620
218.
621
218.623
218.624
218.625
218.626
218.628
218.630
218.636
218.637
Section
218.875
Applicability
of
Subpart
BB
19
218.877
218.879
218.881
218.883
218.886
Emissions
Limitation
at
Polystyrene
Plants
Compliance Date
Compliance Plan
Special Requirements for Compliance ?lan
Emissions Testing
BPART
PP:
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED PRODUCT MANUFACTURING
PROCESSES
Section
218.920
218.923
218.926
218.927
218.928
Applicability
Permit Conditions
Control Requirements
Compliance Schedule
Testing
SUBPART
QQ:
MISCELLANEOUS FORMULATION MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
Section
218.940
218.943
218.946
218.947
218.948
Applicability
Permit Conditions
Control
Requirements
Compliance Schedule
Testing
•UBPART
PR:
MISCELLANEOUS
ORGANIC
CHEMICAL
MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
Section
218.960
218.963
218.
966
218.967
218.968
Section
218.980
218.983
218.986
218.987
218.988
Applicability
Permit
Conditions
Control Requirements
Compliance Schedule
Testing
SUBPART TT:
OTHER EMISSION SOURCES
Applicability
Permit Conditions
Control Requirements
Compllance Schedule
Testing
SUBPART UU:
RECORDKEEPING AND REPORTING FOR
NON-CTG SOURCES
Section
218.990
218.991
Appendix A:
Exempt Emission Sources
Subject Emission Sources
List of Chemicals Defining Synthetic Organic
Chemical and Polymer Manufacturing
20
Appendix B:
VOM Measurement Techniques for Capture Efficiency
Appendix C:
Reference Methods and ProcedureS
Appendix D:
Coefficients for the Total Resource Effectiveness
Index
(TRE)
Equation
AUTHORITY:
Implementing Section 10 and authorized by Section
28.2 of the Environmental Protection Act
(Ill. Rev. Stat.
1989,
ch.
111 1/2, pars.
1010 and 1028.2)
SOURCE:
Adopted in R91-7 at 15
Ill. Reg.
_____,
effective
SUBPART A:
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section 218.100
Introduction
a)
This Part contains standards and limitations for
emissions of organic material from stationary sources
located in the Chicago area, which is comprised of
Cook, DuPage, Kane,
Lake, McHenry and Will Counties.
b)
Sources subject to this Part may be subject to the
following:
1)
Permits required under 35
Ill. Adm. Code 201;
2)
Air quality standards under 35 Ill. Ada. Code 243;
C)
This Part is divided into Subparts which are grouped as
follows:
1)
Subpart A:
General Provisions
2)
Subparts B-F:
Emissions from equipment and
operations in common to more than
one
industry;
3)
Subpart G:
Emissions from use of organic
material;
4)
Subparts H-end:
Special rules for various
industry groups.
Section 218.101
Cleanup and Disposal Operation
Emission of organic material released during clean—up operations
and disposal shall be included with other emissions of organic
material from the related emission source or air pollution
control
equipment
in
determining total emissions.
Section 218.102
Abbreviations and Conversion Factors
a)
The following abbreviations are used in this Part:
21
ASTM
American
Society
for
Testing
and
Materials
bbl
barrels
(42
gallons)
°C
degrees Celsius or centigrade
cm
centimeters
CU
lfl.
cubic
inches
‘F
degrees Fahrenheit
FIP
Federal Implementation Plan
ft
feet
ft2
square feet
g
grams
gpm
gallons per minute
g/mole
grams per mole
gal
gallons
hr
hours
in
inches
‘K
degrees
Kelvin
kcal
kilocalories
kg
kilograms
kg/hr
kilograms
per
hour
kPa
kilopascals; one thousand newtons per square
meter
1
liters
1/sec
liters
per
second
lbs
pounds
lbs/hr pounds per hour
lbs/gal pounds per gallon
LEL
lower explosive limit
a
meters
in2
square meters
a3
cubic meters
ing
milligrams
Mg
Megagrams, metric tons or tonnes
ml
milliliters
mm
minutes
MJ
megajoules
mm Hg
millimeters of mercury
ppm
parts per million
ppmv
parts
per
million
by
volume
psi
pounds
per
square
inch
psia pounds per square inch absolute
psig
pounds
per
square
inch
gauge
scf
standard cubic feet
scm
standard
cubic
meters
sec
seconds
SIP
State
Implementation
Plan
TTE
temporary
total
enclosure
sq cm
square centimeters
sq
in
square
inches
T
English ton
ton
English ton
USEPA
United Statee Environmental Protection
22
Agency
VOC
volatile organic compounds
VOL
volatile
organic
liquids
VOM
volatile organic materials
b)
The
following
conversion
factors
are
used
in this Part.
English
Metric
1 gal
3.785
1
1,000 gal 3,785
1 or 3.785 m3
1 psia
6.897 kPa (51.71 mm Hg)
2.205 lbs 1 kg
1 bbl
159.0
1
1 cu in
16.39 ml
1 lb/gal
119,800 mg/l
1 ton
0.907 Mg
1 T
0.907 Mg
Section 218.103
Applicability
The provisions of this Part shall apply to all sources located in
Cook, DuPage,
Kane, Lake, McHenry or Will Counties.
a)
The provi3ion3 of this
Part
shall
become
effective
oixty
day3
after a final decision by the federal
appellate court of the general- appeal (Illinois
Environmental
Regulatory
Croup
v.
UCEPA,
No.
90
2770
(and
consolidated
cases)
(7th
dr.))
of
the
federal
implementation plan
(PIP)
for the Chicago area
promulgated by the U.C. Environmental Protection Agency
(55 Fed.
fleg.
26104, June 29,
1990;
55 red..
Rcg. 31001,
August
6,
1990;
55 Fed.
fleg.
39774, Ceptember 20,
1900), provided,
however, that if a provision of the
FIF
is
voided or made ineffective by
a federal
court,
the corresponding provision in this proceeding shall
b)
The provisions of this
Part
specifically applicable to
each appellant who appealed the
r~r
for the Chicago
erea shall become effective
sicty
days after a final
decision of that appellant’s appoal by the federal
appellate court; provided, -hovever,
that
if
the
provisions of the~FIPapplioable to that
i~ni~vnr~
madc ineffectiv—
—“-
-
edcral
~t,
th
corresponciing provisions in this procecaing shall not
become effective.
r~rnit-
~j
The
provisions
of
this Part shall become effective on
July
1.
1991 with the following exceptions:
fl
The
~rovisions of
this
Part
shall
become
effective
23
on September 1.
1991 for each a~el1ant,includino
the constituents represented by ap~el1antswho are
associations, who has a~~ealedthe federal
implementation elan
(FIP)
for ~he Chicago area
(Illinois Reaulatorv Group v. USEPA. No. 90—2778
(and consolidated cases)
(7th Cir.)1.
~J.
The effectiveness of any provision of this Part
a~~1icable
to any individual source or cateaorv of
sources which has aopealed the PIP shall be stayed
to
the
extend
that
such
individual
source
or
category of sources received a stay of the
effectiveness of
the
PIP from USEPA or from a
court.
When the court has taken final action or
when USEPA has published in the Federal Register
final
-action
to
revise
or
affirm
the
provisions
of
the
FIP
specifically
ao~licable
to
such
ind~.vidual
source or category of sources or such stay i.~
terminated, the Board shall take correspoñd~,~
action,
if necessary, by the adoption of a
Peremptory rule pursuant to 35 Xli. Ada. Code
102.347 and Section 5,03 of the Administrative
Procedure Act
(Ill. I~ev. Stat.
1989.
ch.
127.
ch.
1005. 03~’.
~
The provisions of the Part shall not airnlv to Viskase
Corporation; Allsteel, Incorporated; Ste~anCompany; or
Ford Motor Company to the extent such source has
obtained an adiusted standard from the Board or an
exclusion from the General AssemblY for any Subpart of
this Part or of Part 215.
Section 218.104
Definitions
The following terms are defined for the purpose of this Part.
“Accelacota” means a pharmaceutical coating operation
which consists of a horizontally rotating perforated
drum
in which tablets are placed,
a coating is applied
by spraying, and the coating is dried by the flow of
air across the drum through the perforations.
“Accumulator” means the reservoir of a condensing unit
receiving the condensate from a surface condenser.
“Acid gases” means for the purposes of Section 9.4 of
the Environmental Protection Act
(the Act)
(Ill. Rev.
Stat.
1987,
ch. 111 1/2,
par. 1009.4), hydrogen
chloride, hydrogen fluoride and hydrogen bromide, which
exist as gases,
liquid mist, or any combination
thereof.
24
“Actual emissions” means the actual quantity of VON
emissions from an emission source during a particular
time period.
“Actual heat input” means the quantity of heat produced
by the combustion of fuel using the gross heating value
of the fuel.
“Adhesive”
means
any
substance
or
mixture
of
substances
intended to serve as a joining compound.
“Afterburner” means a control device in which materials
in gaseous effluent are combusted.
“Air contaminant” means any solid,
liquid, or gaseous
matter,
any odor, or any form of energy, that is
capable of being released into the atmosphere from an
emission source.
“Air dried coatings” means any coatings that dry by use
of air or forced air at temperatures up to 363.15 K
(194°F).
“Air pollution” means the presence in the atmosphere of
one or more air contaminants in sufficient quantities
and of such characteristics and duration as to be
injurious to human, plant,
or animal
life, to health,
or to property, or to unreasonably interfere with the
enjoyment
of
life
or
property.
“Air
pollution
control
equipment”
means
any
equipment
or facility of a type intended to eliminate, prevent,
reduce or control the emission of specified air
contaminants to the atmosphere.
“Air suspension coater/dryer” means a pharmaceutical
coating
operation
which consists of vertical chambers
in
which
tablets
or
particles
are placed, and a coating
is applied and then dried while the tablets or
particles are kept in a fluidized state by the passage
of air upward through the chambers.
“Airless spray” means a spray coating method in which
the coating is atomized by forcing it through a small
opening at high pressure.
The coatingliquid is not
mixed with air before exiting from the nozzle.
“Air—assisted airless spray” means a spray coating
method which combines compressed air with hydraulic
pressure to atomize the coating material into finer
droplets than is achieved with pure airless spray.
Lower hydraulic pressure is used than with airless
25
spray.
“Allowable emissions” means the quantity of VON
emissions during a particular time period from a
stationary source calculated using the maximum rated
capacity of the source (unless restricted by federally
enforceable limitations on operating rate, hours of
operation, or both) and the most stringent of:
the
applicable standards in 40 CFR Parts 60 and 61; the
applicable implementation plan; or a federally
enforceable permit.
“Ambient
air
quality
standards”
means
those
standards
designed to protect the public health and welfare
codified in 40 CFR Part 50
and promulgated from time
to time by the USEPA pursuant to authority contained in
Section
108
of the Clean Air Act,
42 U.S.C.
7401 et
seq.,
as amended from time to time.
“Applicator” means a device used ma
coating line to
apply
coating.
“As applied” means the exact formulation of a coating
during application on or impregnation into a substrate.
“Architectural coating” means any coating used for
residential
or
commercial
buildings
or
their
appurtenances, or for industrial buildings, which is
site applied.
“Asphalt” means the dark—brown to black cementitious
material (solid,
semisolid, or liquid in consistency)
of which the main constituents are bitumens which occur
naturally or as a residue of petroleum refining.
“Asphalt Prime Coat” means a low-viscosity liquid
asphalt applied to an absorbent surface as the first of
more than one asphalt coat.
“Automobile” means a motor vehicle capable of carrying
no more than 12 passengers.
“Automobile or light-duty truck assembly plant” means a
facility where parts are assembled or finished for
eventual inclusion into a finished automobile or
light-duty truck ready for sale to vehicle dealers, but
not including customizers, body shops, and other
repainters.
“Automobile
or light-duty truck refinishing” means the
repainting of used automobiles and light-duty trucks.
26
“Baked coatings” means any coating which is cured or
dried in an oven where the oven air temperature exceeds
90°C
(194°F).
“Batch loading” means the process of loading a number
of individual parts at the same time for degreasing.
“Bead-dipping” means the dipping of an assembled tire
bead into a solvent-based cement.
“Binders” means organic materials and resins which do
not contain VON.
“Bituminous
coatings”
means
black
or
brownish
coating
materials
which
are
soluble
in
carbon
disulfide,
which
consist
mainly
of
hydrocarbons,
and
which are obtained
from natural deposits or as residues from the
distillation of crude oils or of low grades of coal.
“British thermal unit” means the quantity of heat
required to raise one pound of water from 60°Fto 61°F
(abbreviated btu).
“Brush or wipe coating” means a manual method of
applying a coating using a brush, cloth, or similar
object.
“Bulk gasoline plant” means a gasoline storage and
distribution facility with an average throughput of
76,000 1 (20,000 gal) or less on a 30—day rolling
average that distributes gasoline to gasoline
dispensing
facilities.
“Bulk gasoline terminal” means any gasoline storage and
distribution facility that receives gasoline by
pipeline,
ship
or
barge,
and.distributes
gasoline
to
bulk gasoline plants or gasoline dispensing facilities.
“Can” means any metal container, with or without a top,
cover, spout or handles,
into which solid or liquid
materials are packaged.
“Can coating” means any coating applied on a single
walled container that is manufactured from metal sheets
thinner than 29 gauge
(0.0141 in.).
“Can
coating
facility”
means
a facility that includes
one or more can coating line(s).
“Can
coating
line” means a coating line in which any
protective, decorative,
or functional coating is
applied onto the surface of cans or can components.
27
“Capture” means the containment or recovery of
emissions
from
a
process
for
direction into a duct
which may be exhausted through a stack or vent to a
control device.
The overall abatement of emissions
from
a process with an add—on control device is a
function both of the capture efficiency and of the
control
device.
“Capture device” means a hood, enclosed room floor
sweep or other means of collecting solvent or other
pollutants into a duct.
The pollutant can then be
directed to a pollution control device such as an
afterburner or carbon adsorber.
Sometimes the term is
used loosely to include the control device.
“Capture efficiency” means the fraction of all VON
generated by a process that are directed to an
abatement
or
recovery
device.
“Capture system” means all equipment (including, but
not limited to, hoods, ducts,
fans, ovens, dryers,
etc.) used to contain, collect and transport an air
pollutant
to
a
control
device.
“Clean Air Act” means the Clean Air Act of 1963, as
amended, including the Clean Air Act Amendments of
1977,
(42 U.S
•
C.
7401
et
seq.), and the Clean Air Act
Amendments
of
1990,
(P.A.
101549).
“Clear coating” means coatings that lack color and
opacity or are transparent using the undercoat as a
reflectant
base
or undertone color.
“Clear topcoat” means the final coating which contains
binders, but not opaque pigments, and is specifically
formulated to form a transparent or translucent solid
protective
film.
“Closed purge system” means a system that is not open
to the atmosphere and that is composed of piping,
connections, and,
if necessary, flow inducing devices
that transport liquid or vapor from a piece or pieces
of equipment to a control device, or return the liquid
or vapor to the process line.
“Closed vent system” means a system that is not open to
the atmosphere and is composed of piping, connections,
and,
if necessary,
flow inducing devices that transport
gas or vapor from an emission source to a control
device.
28
“Coating” means a material applied onto or impregnated
into a substrate for protective, decorative,
or
functional purposes.
Such materials include, but are
not limited to, paints, varnishes,
éealers, adhesives,
thinners, diluents, and inks.
“Coating applicator” means equipment used to apply a
coating.
“Coating line” means an operation consisting of a
series of one or more coating applicators and any
associated flash—off areas,
drying areas,
and
ovens
wherein a surface coating is applied, dried, or cured.
(It is not necessary for an operation to have an oven,
or flash-off area, or drying area to be included in
this definition.)
“Coating plant” means any plant that contains one or
more coating line(s).
“Coil” means any flat metal sheet or strip that is
rolled or wound in concentric rings.
“Coil coating” means any coating applied on any flat
metal sheet or strip that comes
in rolls or coils.
“Coil coating facility” means a facility that includes
one or more coil coating line(s).
“Coil coating line” means a coating line in which any
protective,
decorative
or
functional
coating
is
applied
onto the surface of flat metal sheets, strips,
rolls,
or coils for industrial
or commercial use.
“Cold cleaning”
means
the process of cleaning and
removing soils from surfaces by spraying, brushing,
flushing, or immersion while maintaining the organic
solvent below its boiling point.
Wipe cleaning is not
included in this definition.
“Complete combustion” means a process in which all
carbon contained in a fuel or gas stream is converted
to carbon dioxide.
“Component” means, with respect to synthetic organic
chemical and polymer manufacturing equipment, and
petroleum refining and related industries, any piece of
equipment which has the potential to leak VON
including, but not limited to, pump seals, compressor
seals,
seal oil degassing vents, pipeline valves,
pressure relief devices,process drains, and open ended
pipes.
This definition excludes valves which are not
29
externally regulated,
flanges, and equipment in heavy
liquid service.
For purposes of Subpart
Q
of this
Part, this definition also excludes bleed ports of gear
pumps in polymer service.
“Concrete curing compounds” means any coating applied
to freshly poured concrete to retard the evaporation of
water.
“Condensate” means volatile organic liquid separated
from its associated gases, which condenses due to
changes in the temperature or pressure and
remains
liquid at standard conditions.
“Continuous process” means, with respect to polystyrene
resin, a method of manufacture in which the styrene raw
material is delivered on a continuous basis to the
reactor in which the styrene is polymerized to
polystyrene.
“Control device” means equipment (such as an
afterburner or adsorber) used to remove or prevent the
emission of air pollutants from a contaminated exhaust
stream.
“Control device efficiency” means the ratio of the
pollution prevented by a control device and the
pollution introduced to the control device, expressed
as a percentage.
“Conveyorized degreasing” means the continuous process
of cleaning and removing soils from surfaces utilizing
either cold or vaporized solvents.
“Crude oil” means a naturally occurring mixture which
consists of hydrocarbons and sulfur, nitrogen, or
oxygen derivatives of hydrocarbons and which is a
liquid at standard conditions.
“Crude oil gathering” means the transportation of crude
oil or condensate after custody transfer between a
production facility and a reception point.
“Custody transfer” means the transfer of produced
petroleum and/or condensate after processing and/or
treating in the producing operations,
from storage
tanks or automatic transfer facilities to pipelines or
any other forms of transportation.
“Cutback asphalt” means any asphalt which has been
liquifled by blending with petroleum solvents other
than residual fuel oil and has not been emulsified with
30
water.
“Daily—weighted average VON content” means the average
VON content of two or more coatings-as applied on a
coating line during any day, taking into account the
fraction of total coating volume that each coating
represents, as calculated with the following equation:
VOMW
=
~
V1C~/V1
=1
where:
VOMW
=
The average VON content of two or more
coatings as applied each day on
a
coating line in units of kg VON/i
(lbs
VON/gal) of coating
(minus water and any
compounds which are specifically
exempted from the definition of VON),
n
=
The number of different coatings as
applied each day on a coating line,
V~
The volume of each coating (minus water
and any compounds which are specifically
exempted from the definition of VON) as
applied each day on a coating line in
units of
1
(gal).
C~
=
The VON content of each coating as
applied each day on a coating line in
units of kg VON/i
(lbs VON/gal)
of
coating (minus water and any compounds
which are specifically exempted from the
definition of VON), and
V1
=
The total volume of all coatings (minus
water and any compounds which are
specifically exempted from the
definition of VON) as applied each day
on a coating line in units of 1
(gal).
“Day” means the consecutive 24 hours beginning at 12:00
AM (midnight)
local time.
“Degreaser” means any equipment or system used in
solvent cleaning.
“Delivery vessel” means any tank truck or trailer
equipped with a storage tank that is used for the
transport of gasoline to a stationary storage tank at a
31
gasoline dispensing facility, bulk gasoline plant, or
bulk gasoline terminal.
“Dip coating” means a method of applying coatings in
which the part is submerged in a tank filled with the
coating.
“Distillate fuel oil” means fuel oils of grade No.
1 or
2 as specified in detailed requirements for fuel oil
ASTM D—369—69
(1971).
“Dry cleaning facility” means a facility engaged in the
cleaning of fabrics using an essentially nonaqueous
solvent by means of one or more solvent washes,
extraction of excess solvent by spinning and drying by
tumbling in an airstreain.
The facility includes, but
is not limited to, washers, dryers,
filter and
purification systems, waste disposal systems, holding
tanks, pumps and attendant piping and valves.
“Effluent water separator” means any tank,
box,
suinp or
other apparatus
in which any organic material floating
on or entrained or contained in water entering such
tank, box, sump or other apparatus is physically
separated and removed from such water prior to outfall,
drainage or recovery of such water.
“Electrostatic bell or disc spray” means an
electrostatic spray coating method in which a
rapidly-spinning bell- or disc-shaped applicator is
used to create a fine mist and apply the coating with
high transfer efficiency.
“Electrostatic spray” means a spray coating method in
which opposite electrical charges are applied to the
substrate and the coating.
The coating is attracted to
the object due to the electrostatic potential between
them.
“Emission rate” means total quantity of any air
contaminant discharge into the atmosphere in any
one—hour period.
“Emission source” and “source” mean any facility from
which VON is emitted or capable of being emitted into
the atmosphere.
“Enamel” means
a coating that cures by chemical
cross-linking
of
its
base
resin.
Enamels
can
be
distinguished from lacquers because enamels are not
readily resoluble in their original solvent.
32
“Enclose” means to cover any VOL surface that is
exposed to the atmosphere.
“End sealing compound coat” means a~compoundapplied to
can ends which functions as a gasket when the end is
assembled onto the can.
“Excess air” means air supplied in addition to the
theoretical
quantity
necessary
for
complete
combustion
of all fuel and/or combustible waste material.
“Excessive release” means a discharge of more than 295
g
(0.65 lbs)
of mercaptans and/or hydrogen sulfide into
the atmosphere in any 5—minute period.
“Exterior base coat” means a coating applied to the
exterior of a can body, or flat sheet to provide
protection to the metal or to provide background for
any lithographic or printing operation.
“Exterior end coat” means a coating applied to the
exterior end of a can to provide protection to the
metal.
“External—floating roof” means a cover over an open top
storage tank consisting of a double deck or pontoon
single deck which rests upon and is supported by the
volatile organic liquid being contained and is equipped
with a closure seal or seals to close the space between
the roof edge and tank shell.
“Extreme environmental conditions” means exposure to
any or all of the following: ambient weather
conditions; temperatures consistently above 95°C
(203
°F);
detergents; abrasive and scouring agents;
solvents; or corrosive atmospheres.
“Extreme performance coating” means any coating which
during intended use is exposed to extreme environmental
conditions.
“Fabric coating” means any coating applied on textile
fabric.
Fabric coating includes the application of
coatings by impregnation.
“Fabric coating facility” means a facility that
includes one or more fabric coating lines.
“Fabric coating line” means a coating line in which any
protective,
decorative,
or functional coating or
reinforcing material is applied on or impregnated into
a textile fabric.
33
“Federally enforceable” means all limitations and
conditions which are enforceable by the Administrator
including those requirements developed pursuant to 40
CFR Parts 60 and 61; requirements within any applicable
implementation plan;
and any permit requirements
established pursuant to 40 CFR 52.21 or under
regulations approved pursuant to 40 CFR Part 51 Subpart
I and 40 CFR 51.166.
“Final repair coat” means the repainting of any topcoat
which is damaged during vehicle assembly.
“Firebox” means the chamber or compartment of a boiler
or furnace in which materials are burned, but not the
combustion chamber or afterburner of an incinerator.
“Fixed—roof tank” means a cylindrical shell with a
permanently affixed roof.
“Flexographic printing” means the application of words,
designs, and pictures to a substrate by means of a roll
printing technique in which the pattern to be applied
is raised above the printing roll and the image carrier
is made of elastomeric materials.
“Flexographic printing line” means a printing line in
which each roll printer uses a roll with raised areas
for applying an image such as words,
designs, or
pictures to a substrate.
The image carrier on the roll
is made of
rubber
or other elastomeric material.
“Floating roof” means a roof on a stationary tank,
reservoir,
or other container which moves vertically
upon change in volume of the stored material.
“Fountain solution” means the solution which is applied
to the image plate to maintain hydrophilic properties
of the non—image areas.
“Freeboard height” means for open top vapor degreasers,
the distance from the top of the vapor zone to the top
of the degreaser tank.
For cold cleaning degreasers,
the distance from the solvent to the top of the
degreaser tank.
“Fuel combustion emission source” means any furnace,
boiler, or similar equipment used for the primary
purpose of producing heat or power by indirect heat
transfer.
“Fuel
gas
system”
means
a
system
for
collection
of
34
refinery fuel gas including, but not limited to, piping
for collecting tail gas from various -process units,
mixing
drums
and
controls,
and
distribution
piping.
“Gas service” means that the component contains process
fluid that is in the gaseous state at operating
conditions.
“Gas/gas method” means either of two methods for
determining capture which rely only on gas phase
measurements.
The first method requires construction
of a temporary total enclosure
(TTE)
to ensure that all
would—be fugitive emissions are measured.
The second
method uses the building or room which houses the
facility
as
an
enclosure.
The
second
method
requires
that all other VON sources within the room be shut down
while the test is performed, but all fans and blowers
within the room must be operated according to normal
procedures.
“Gasoline” means any petroleum distillate or petroleum
distillate/alcohol blend having a Reid vapor pressure
of 27.6 kPa or greater which is used as a fuel for
internal combustion engines.
“Gasoline dispensing facility” means any site where
gasoline is transferred from a stationary storage tank
to a motor vehicle gasoline tank used to provide fuel
to the engine of that motor vehicle.
“Green tire spraying” means the spraying of green
tires, both inside and outside, with release compounds
which help remove air from the tire during molding and
prevent the tire from sticking to the mold after
curing.
“Green tires” means assembled tires before molding and
curing have occurred.
“Gross vehicle weight” means the manufacturer’s gross
weight rating for the individual vehicle.
“Gross vehicle weight rating” means the value specified
by the manufacturer as the maximum design loaded weight
of
a
single
vehicle.
“Heated airless spray” means an airless spray coating
method in which the coating is heated just prior to
application.
“Heatset” means a class of web—offset lithography which
requires a heated dryer to solidify the printing inks.
35
“Heatset-web-offset lithographic printing line” means a
lithographic printing line in which a blanket cylinder
is used to transfer ink from a plate cylinder to a
substrate continuously fed from a rOll, or an extension
process and an oven is used to solidify the printing
inks.
“Heavy liquid” means liquid with a true vapor pressure
of less than 0.3 kPa (0.04 psi) at 294.3°K(70°F)
established in a standard reference text or as
determined by ASTM method D2879-86 (incorporated by
reference in Section 218.112); or which has 0.1 Reid
Vapor Pressure as determined by ASTM method D323-82
(incorporated by reference in Section 218.112); or
which when distilled requires a temperature of 42l.95’K
(300°F)or greater to recover 10 percent of the
-
liquid
as determined by ASTN method D86-82
(incorporated by
reference in Section 218.112).
“Heavy off-highway vehicle products” means,
for the
purpose of Subpart F of this Part,
heavy construction,
mining,
farming, or material handling equipment; heavy
industrial engines; diesel-electric locomotives and
associated power generation equipment; and the
components of such equipment or engines.
“Heavy off-highway vehicle products coating facility”
means a facility that includes one or more heavy
off—highway vehicle products coating line(s).
“Heavy off—highway vehicle products coating line” means
a coating line in which any protective, decorative, or
functional coating is applied onto the surface of heavy
off-highway vehicle products.
“High temperature aluminum coating” means a coating
that is certified to withstand a temperature of 537.8°C
(1000°F)for 24 hours.
“Hood” means a partial enclosure or canopy for
capturing and exhausting,
by means of a draft, the
organic vapors or other fumes rising from a coating
process or other source.
“Hood capture efficiency” means the emissions from a
process which are captured by the hood and directed
into a control device, expressed as a percentage of all
emissions.
“Hot well” means the reservoir of a condensing unit
receiving the condensate from a barometric condenser.
36
“Hour” means a block period of 60 minutes
(e.g.,
1:00am
to 2:00am).
“In—process
tank”
means
a
container
used
for
mixing,
blending,
heating,
reacting,
holding,
crystallizing,
evaporating or cleaning operations in the manufacture
of pharmaceuticals.
“In-situ sampling systems” means nonextractive samplers
or in—line samplers.
“In vacuum service” means,
for the purpose of Subpart Q
of this Part, equipment which is operating at an
internal pressure that is at least
5 kPa
(0.73 psia)
below ambient pressure.
“Incinerator” means a combustion apparatus in which
refuse
is burned.
“Indirect heat transfer” means transfer of heat in such
a way that the source of heat does not come into direct
contact
with
process
materials.
“Ink” means a coating used in printing,
impressing, or
transferring an image onto a substrate.
“Interior body spray coat” means a coating applied by
spray to the interior of a can body.
“Internal-floating roof” means a cover or roof in a
fixed-roof tank which rests upon and is supported by
the volatile organic liquid being contained and is
equipped with a closure seal or seals to close the
space between the roof edge and tank shell.
“Lacquers” means any clear wood finishes formulated
with nitrocellulose or synthetic resins to dry by
evaporation without chemical reaction, including clear
lacquer sanding sealers.
“Large appliance” means any residential and commercial
washers, dryers, ranges, refrigerators, freezers, water
heaters, dishwashers, trash compactors,
air
conditioners, and other similar products.
“Large appliance coating” means any coating applied to
the component metal parts (including, but not limited
to,
doors, cases,
lids, panels, and interior support
parts)
of residential and commercial washers, dryers,
ranges,
refrigerators, freezers, water heaters,
dishwashers, trash compactors, air conditioners, and
37
other similar products.
“Large appliance coating facility” means a facility
that includes one or more large appI-~ancecoating
line(s)
“Large appliance coating line” means a coating line in
which any protective,
decorative, or functional coating
is applied onto the surface of large appliances.
“Light liquid” means VON in the liquid state which is
not defined as heavy liquid.
“Light—duty truck” means any motor vehicle rated at
3,850 kg gross vehicle weight or less, designed mainly
to transport property.
“Liquid/gas method” means either of two methods for
determining capture which require both gas phase and
liquid phase measurements and ana1ysis~ The first
method requires construction of a TTE.
The second
method uses the building or room which houses the
facility as an enclosure.
The second method requires
that all other VON sources within the room be shut down
while the test is performed, but all fans and blowers
within the room must be operated according to normal
procedures.
“Liquid—mounted
seal”
means
a
primary
seal mounted in
continuous contact with the liquid between the tank
wall and the floating roof edge around the
circumference of the roof.
“Liquid service” means that the equipment or component
contains process fluid that is in a liquid state at
operating conditions.
“Liquids dripping” means any visible leaking from a
seal. including spraying, misting, clouding and ice
formation.
“Lithographic printing line” means a printing line,
except that the substrate is not necessarily fed from
an unwinding roll,
in which each roll printer uses a
roll where both the image and non—image areas are
essentially in the same plane (planographic).
“Low solvent coating” means a coating which contains
less organic solvent than the conventional coatings
used by the industry.
Low solvent coatings include
water-borne, higher solids, electro—deposition and
powder coatings.
38
“Magnet wire” means aluminum or copper wire formed into
an electromagnetic coil.
“Magnet wire coating” means any coating or electrically
insulating varnish or enamel applied to magnet wire.
“Magnet wire coating facility” means a facility that
includes one or more magnet wire coating line(s).
“Magnet wire coating line” means a coating line in
which any protective,
decorative, or functional coating
is applied onto the surface of a magnet wire.
“Malfunction” means any sudden and unavoidable failure
of air pollution control equipment, process equipment,
or a process to operate in a normal or usual manner.
Failures that are caused entirely or in part by poor
maintenance, careless operation, or any other
preventable
upset
condition
or
preventable
equipment
breakdown shall not be considered malfunctions.
!‘Manufacturing process” means a method whereby a
process emission source or series of process emission
sources is used to convert raw materials,
feed stocks,
subassemblies,
or other components into a product,
either for sale or for use as a component in a
subsequent manufacturing process.
“Material recovery section” means any equipment
designed to transport and recover styrene monomer and
other impurities from other products and by-products in
a polystyrene plant, including but not limited to the
styrene devolatilizer unit and styrene recovery unit.
“Maximum theoretical emissions” means the quantity of
volatile organic material emissions that theoretically
could
be
emitted
by
a
stationary source before add—on
controls based on the design capacity or maximum
production capacity of the source and 8760 hours per
year.
The
design
capacity
or
maximum
production
capacity
includes
use
of
coating(s)
or
ink(s) with the
highest volatile organic material content actually used
in practice by the source.
Provided. however, the
A~encv shall,
when
apProDriate.
and
upon reauest by the
permit at~1lcant.
limit
the
“maximum theoretical
emissions”
of a source by the imposition of conditions
in a federally enforceable oierating permit for such
source.
Such
conditions
shall.
not
be
inconsistent
with
requirement
of
the
Clean
Air
Act,
as
amended,
or
any
a~rnlicablerequirements established by the Board.
Such
conditions shall be established in ~1ace of design
39
catacity of maximum production capacity in calculating
the “maximum theoretical emissions” for such source and
may include, among other things. the establishment of
production
limitations,
capacity
1i~itations.
emission
limitations, or limitations on the volatile organic
material content of coatinas or inks, or the hours of
operation of any emission source, or a combination of
any such limitations.
Production
or
capacity
limitations
shall
be
established
on
basis
of
no
longer
than
one
month
exceot
in
those
cases where a limit
spanning p longer
period
of time is
aDoroDriate.
In
such cases,
a “rolling limit”
shall. be em~loved. Any
production or ca~acitvlimitations shall be verified
through appropriate recordkeeping.
(Board
Note:
The
USEPA
may
deem
operating
permits
which do nOt conform to the operatina permit program
reauirements and the reauirements of USEPA’s underlying
reaulations. including the reauirement that limitations
be quantifiable and enforceable as a practical matter,
not “federally enforceable.”)
“Metal furniture” means a furniture piece including,
but
not
limited
to,
tables,
chairs,
waste
baskets,
beds, desks, lockers, benches, shelving, file cabinets,
lamps,
and
room
dividers.
“Metal
furniture
coating”
means
any
non—adhesive
coating applied to any furniture piece made of metal or
any metal part which is or will be assembled with other
metal,
wood, fabric, plastic or glass parts to form a
furniture piece including, but not limited to,
tables,
chairs, waste baskets, beds, desks, lockers, benches,
shelving, file cabinets, lamps, and room dividers.
This definition shall not apply to any coating line
coating miscellaneous metal parts or products.
“Metal furniture coating facility” means a facility
that includes one or more metal furniture coating
line(s).
“Metal furniture coating line” means a coating line in
which any protective, decorative, or functional coating
is applied onto the surface of metal furniture.
“Metallic shoe-type seal” means a primary or secondary
seal constructed of metal sheets (shoes) which are
joined together to form a ring,
springs, or levers
which attach the shoes to the floating roof and hold
the shoes against the tank wall, and a coated fabric
which is suspended from the shoes to the floating roof.
40
“Miscellaneous
fabricated
product
manufacturing
process”
means:
A
manufacturing
process
involving
one
or
more
of
the
following
applications,
including
any
drying
and curing of formulations, and capable of
emitting VON:
Adhesives to fabricate or assemble components
or
products
Asphalt
solutions
to
paper
or
fiberboard
Asphalt
to
paper
or
felt
Coatings
or
dye
to
leather
Coatings
to
plastic
Coatings to
rubber
or glass
Disinfectant material to manufactured items
Plastic
foam
scrap
or
“fluff”
from
the
manufacture of foam containers and packaging
material
to
form
resin
pallets
Resin
solutions
to
fiber
substances
Viscose solutions for food casings
The
storage
and
handling
of
formulations
associated with the process described above, and
the
use
and
handling of organic liquids and other
substances
for
clean—up
operations
associated
with
the process described in this definition.
“Miscellaneous formulation manufacturing process”
means:
A manufacturing process which compounds one or
more of the following and is capable of emitting
VON:
Adhesives
Asphalt solutions
Caulks, sealants, or waterproofing agents
Coatings, other than paint and ink
41
Concrete curing compounds
Dyes
Friction materials and compounds
Resin
solutions
Rubber solutions
Viscose solutions
The storage and handling of formulations
associated with the process described above, and
the use and handling of organic liquids and other
substances
for
clean—up operations associated with
the
process
described in this definition.
“Miscellaneous metal parts or products” means any metal
part or metal product, even if -~attachedto or combined
with a nonmetal part or product, except cans, coils,
metal
furniture, large appliances, magnet wire,
automobiles, ships, and airplane bodies.
“Miscellaneous metal parts and products coating” means
any coating applied to any metal part or metal product,
even if attached to or combined with a nonmetal part or
product, except cans,
coils, metal furniture,
large
appliances, and magnet wire.
Prime coat, prime
surfacer
coat,
topcoat,
and final repair coat for
automobiles and light-duty trucks are not miscellaneous
metal parts and products coatings.
However, underbody
anti-chip (e.g., underbody plastisol) automobile, and
light-duty truck coatings are miscellaneous metal parts
and products coatings.
Also, automobile or light-duty
truck refinishing coatings, coatings applied to the
exterior of marine vessels, coatings applied to the
exterior of airplanes, and the customized topcoating of
automobiles and trucks if production is less than 35
vehicles per day are not miscellaneous metal parts and
products coatings.
“Miscellaneous metal parts or products coating
facility” means a facility that includes one or more
miscellaneous metal parts or products coating lines.
“Miscellaneous metal parts or products coating line”
means
a coating line in which any protective,
decorative,
or functional coating is applied onto the
surface of miscellaneous metal parts or products.
“Miscellaneous organic chemical manufacturing process”
42
means:
A manufacturing process which produces by chemical.
reaction, one or more of the following organic
compounds or mixtures of organic compounds and
which is capable of emitting VON:
Chemicals listed in Appendix A of this Part
Chlorinated and sulfonated compounds
Cosmetic,
detergent, soap, or surfactant
intermediaries or specialties and products
Disinfectants
Food additives
Oil and petroleum product additives
Plasticizers
Resins or polymers
Rubber
additives
Sweeteners
Varnishes
The
storage
and
handling
of formulations
associated with the process described above and
the
use and handling of organic liquids and other
substances
for
clean—up
operations
associated
with
the
process
described
in
this
definition.
“Monitor” means to measure and record.
“Multiple package coating” means a coating made from
more than one different ingredient which must be mixed
prior to using and has a limited pot life due to the
chemical reaction which occurs upon mixing.
“No detectable volatile organic material emissions”
means a discharge of volatile organic material into the
atmosphere as indicated by an instrument reading of
less
than
500
ppm above background as determined in
accordance
with
40
CFR 60.485(c).
“Offset” means,
with respect to printing and publishing
operations,
use of a blanket cylinder to transfer ink
from the plate cylinder to the surface to be printed.
43
“Opaque stains” means all stains that are not
semi—transparent stains.
“Open top vapor degr’easing” means the batch process of
cleaning and removing soils from surfaces by condensing
hot solvent vapor on the colder metal parts.
“Open—ended
valve” means any valve, except pressure
relief devices, having one side of the valve in contact
with
process
fluid
and
one
side
open
to
the atmosphere,
either
directly or through open piping.
“Operator of gasoline dispensing facility” means any
person who is the lessee of or operates, controls or
supervises a gasoline dispensing facility.
“Organic compound” means any compound of carbon,
excluding carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic
acid, metallic carbides or carbonates, and ammoniuin
carbonate.
“Organic material” means any chemical compound of
carbon including diluents and thinners which are
liquids at standard conditions and which are used as
dissolvers,
viscosity
reducers,
or
cleaning agents, but
excluding methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide,
carbonic acid, metallic carbonic acid, metallic
carbide, metallic carbonates, and ammonium carbonate.
“Organic vapor” means the gaseous phase of an organic
material or a mixture of organic materials present in
the
atmosphere.
“Oven” means a chamber within which heat
is
used
for
one
or
more
of
the
following
purposes:
dry,
bake,
cure, or polymerize a coating or ink.
“Overall control” means the product of the capture
efficiency and the control device efficiency.
“Overvarnish” means a transparent coating applied
directly over ink or coating.
“Owner of gasoline dispensing facility” means any
person who has legal or equitable title to a stationary
storage tank at a gasoline dispensing facility.
“Owner or operator” means any person who owns,
operates,
leases,
controls, or supervises an emission
source or air pollution control equipment.
44
“Packaging rotogravure printing” means rotogravure
printing upon paper, paper board, metal foil, plastic
film, and other substrates, which are, in subsequent
operations,
formed into packaging products or labels
for articles to be sold.
“Packaging rotogravure printing line” means a
rotogravure printing line in which surface coatings are
applied to paper, paperboard,
foil,
film, or other
substrates which are to be used to produce containers,
packaging products, or labels for articles.
“Paint manufacturing plant” means a plant that mixes,
blends, or compounds enamels, lacquers, sealers,
shellacs, stains, varnishes,
or pigmented surface
coatings.
“Paper coating” means any coating applied on paper,
plastic film, or metallic foil to make certain
products,
including
(but
not
limited to) adhesive tapes
and labels, book covers, post cards,
office copier
paper, drafting paper, or pressure sensitive tapes.
Paper
coating
includes
the
application
of
coatings
by
impregnation and/or saturation.
“Paper
coating
facility”
means
a facility that includes
one
or
more
paper
coating
lines.
“Paper
coating
line”
means
a
coating line in which any
protective, decorative,
or functional coating is
applied on, saturated into,
or impregnated into paper,
plastic film, or metallic foil to make certain
products,
including (but not limited to) adhesive tapes
and
labels,
book covers, post cards, office copier
paper,
drafting paper, and pressure sensitive tapes.
“Parts per million (volume)” means a volume/volume
ratio
which
expresses
the
volumetric
concentration
of
gaseous
air
contaminant
in
a
million
unit
volume
of
gas.
“Person” means any individual,
corporation,
partnership, association, State, municipality,
political
subdivision
of
a
State;
any
agency,
department, or instrumentality of the United States;
and any officer, agent,
or employee thereof.
“Petroleum”
means
the
crude
oil
removed
from
the
earth
and
the
oils
derived
from
tar
sands,
shale,
and
coal.
“Petroleum liquid” means crude oil, condensate or any
finished or intermediate product manufactured at a
45
petroleum
refinery,
but
not including Number
2 through
Number
6
fuel
oils
as
specified
in
ASTM D—396—69, gas
turbine fuel oils Numbers 2-GT through 4-GT as
specified in ASTN D-2880-7l or diesil fuel oils Numbers
2—D and 4—D, as specified in ASTM D—975—68.
“Petroleum refinery” means any facility engaged in
producing gasoline, kerosene, distillate fuel oils,
residual fuel oils,
lubricants, or other products
through distillation of petroleum, or through
redistillation,
cracking, or reforming of unfinished
petroleum derivatives.
“Pharmaceutical” means any compound or mixture, other
than
food,
used
in
the
prevention,
diagnosis,
alleviation,
treatment,
or
cure of disease in human and
animal.
“Pharmaceutical coating operation” means a device in
which a coating is applied to a pharmaceutical,
including air drying or curing of the coating.
“Photochemically reactive material” means any organic
material
with
an
aggregate
of more than
20
percent
of
its
total
volume
composed of the chemical compounds
classified
below
or
the
composition
of
which
exceeds
any of the following individual percentage composition
limitations.
Whenever any photochemically reactive
material
or
any
constituent
of
any
organic material may
be
classified
from
its
chemical structure into more
than
one
of
the
above
groups
of
organic
materials
it
shall
be
considered
as
a
member
of
the
most
reactive
group, that is, the group having the least allowable
percent of the total organic materials.
A combination of hydrocarbons, alcohols,
aldehydes, esters, ethers or ketones having an
olefinic
or
cyclo—olefinic
types of unsaturation:
5 percent.
This definition does not apply to
perchloroethylene or trichloroethylene.
A combination of aromatic compounds with eight or
more carbon atoms to the molecule except
ethylbenzene:
8 percent.
A combination of ethylbenzene, ketones having
branched
hydrocarbon structures or toluene:
20
percent.
“Pigmented coatings” means opaque coatings containing
binders and colored pigments which are formulated to
conceal the wood surface either as an undercoat or
46
topcoat.
“Plant”
means
all
of
the
pollutant-emitting
activities
which belong to the same industrial grouping, are
located on one or more contiguous or adjacent
properties,
and are under the control of the same
person
(or persons under common control), except the
activities of any marine vessel.
Pollutant-emitting
activities shall be considered as part of the same
industrial grouping if they belong to the same “Major
Group”
(i.e.,
which have the same two—digit code)
as
described in the “Standard Industrial Classification
Manual,
1987”
(incorporated by reference in Section
218.112).
“Plasticizers”
means
a
substance
added
to
a
polymer
composition
to
soften
and
add
flexibility
to
the
product.
“Pneumatic rubber tire manufacture” means the
production of pneumatic rubber tires with a bead
4iameter
up
to
but
not including 20.0 inches and cross
section dimension up to 12.8 inches, but not including
specialty
tires
for antique or other vehicles when
produced on equipment separate from normal production
lines
for
passenger
or
truck
type
tires.
“Polystyrene plant” means any plant using styrene to
manufacture polystyrene resin.
“Polystyrene resin” means substance consisting of
styrene polymer and additives which is manufactured at
a polystyrene plant.
“Pressure release” means the emission of materials
resulting from system pressure being greater than set
pressure of the pressure relief device.
“Pressure tank” means
a tank in which fluids are stored
at a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure.
“Prime coat” means the first of two or more coatings
applied
to
a surface.
“Prime surfacer coat” means a coating used to touch up
areas on the surface of automobile or light—duty truck
bodies
not
adequately
covered
by
the
prime
coat
before
application of the top coat.
The prime surfacer coat
is applied between the prime coat and topcoat.
An
anti-chip coating applied to main body parts
(e.g.,
rocker panels, bottom of doors and fenders, and leading
edge of roof)
is a prim, surfacer coat.
47
“Primers” means any coatings formulated and applied to
substrates to provide a
firm
bond between the substrate
and subsequent coats.
“Printing” means the application of words, designs, and
pictures to a substrate using ink.
“Printing line” means an operation consisting of a
series of one or more roll printers and any associated
roll coaters, drying areas, and ovens wherein one or
more coatings are applied, dried, and/or cured.
“Process” means any stationary emission source other
than a fuel combustion emission source or an
incinerator.
“Process unit” means components assembled to produce,
as intermediate or final products, one or moreof the
chemicals listed in 35 Ill. Ada. Code 218 Appendix A.
A process unit can operate independently if supplied
with sufficient feed or raw materials and sufficient
storage facilities for the product.
“Process unit shutdown” means a work practice or
operational procedure that stops production from a
process unit or part of a process unit.
An unscheduled
work practice or operational procedure that stops
production from a process unit or part of a process
unit for less than 24 hours is not a process unit
shutdown.
The use of spare components and technically
feasible
bypassing
of
components
without
stopping
production is not a process unit shutdown.
“Production equipment exhaust system”
means
a system
for collecting and directing into the atmosphere
emissions of volatile organic material from reactors,
centrifuges, and other process emission sources.
“Publication rotogravure printing line” means a
rotogravure printing line in which coatings are applied
to
paper
which
is
subsequently
formed
into
books,
magazines, catalogues,
brochures, directories,
newspaper supplements, or other types of printed
material.
“Purged process fluid” means liquid or vapor from a
process unit that contains volatile organic material
and that results from flushing or cleaning the sample
line(s)
of a process unit so that an uncontaminated
sample may then be taken for testing or analysis.
48
“Reactor” means a vat, vessel, or other device in which
chemical reactions take place.
“Reasonably Available Control Technology
(RACT)” means
the lowest emission limitation that an emission source
is capable of meeting by the application of control
technology that is reasonably available considering
technological and economic feasibility.
“Refiner” means any person who owns, leases, operates,
controls, or supervises a refinery.
“Refinery fuel gas” means any gas which is generated by
a petroleum refinery process unit and which is
combusted at the refinery, including any gaseous
mixture of natural gas and fuel gas.
“Refinery unit, process unit or
unit”
means a set of
components which are a part of a basic process
operation such as distillation, hydrotreating,
cracking, or reforming of hydrocarbons.
“Refrigerated condenser” means a surface condenser in
which the coolant supplied to the condenser has been
cooled by a mechanical device, other than by a cooling
tower or evaporative spray cooling, such as
refrigeration unit or steam chiller unit.
“Reid vapor pressure” means the standardized measure of
the vapor pressure of a liquid in pounds per square
inch absolute
(psia)
at 100F
(37.8’C).
“Repair coatings” means coatings used to correct
imperfections or damage to furniture surface.
“Repaired” means,
for the purpose of Subpart
Q
of this
part, that equipment component has been adjusted, or
otherwise altered, to eliminate a leak.
“Residtlal fuel oil” means fuel oils of grade No.
4,
5
and 6 as specified in detailed requirements for fuel
oils A.S.T.M. D—396—69
(1971).
“Retail outlet” means any gasoline dispensing facility
at which gasoline is sold or offered for sale for use
in motor vehicles.
“Roll coater” means an apparatus in which a uniform
layer of coating is applied by means of one or more
rolls across the entire width of a moving substrate
“Roll printer” means an apparatus used in the
49
application of words, designs, or pictures to a
substrate, usually by means of one ormore rolls each
with only partial coverage.
“Roll printing” means the application of words,
designs, and pictures to a substrate usually by means
of a series of hard rubber or metal rolls each with
only partial coverage.
“Roller coating” means a method of applying a coating
to a sheet or strip in which the coating is transferred
by a roller or series of rollers.
“Rolling limit” means that a limit or limitation must
not exceed an annual limit rolled on a monthly basis;
that is.
a monthly production or capacity level must be
determined for each parameter subiect to a production
or capacity limitation and added to the eleven prior
monthly levels for monthly comparison with the annual
limit.
“Rotogravure printing” means the application of words,
designs, and pictures to a substrate by means of a roll
printing technique in which the pattern to be applied
is recessed relative to the non—image area.
“Rotogravure printing line” means a printing line in
which each roll printer uses a roll with recessed areas
for applying an image to a substrate.
“Safety
relief
valve”
means
a
valve
which
is
normally
closed and which is designed to open in order to
relieve excessive pressures within a vessel or pipe.
“Sanding sealers” means any coatings formulated for and
applied to bare wood for sanding and to seal the wood
for subsequent application of varnish.
To be
considered a sanding sealer a coating must be clearly
labelled as such.
“Sealer” means a coating containing binders which seals
wood prior to the application of the
subsequent
coatings.
“Sensor” means a device that measures a physical
quantity or the change in a physical quantity such as
temperature, pressure, flow rate, pH, or liquid level.
“Semi—transparent stains” means stains containing dyes
or semi- transparent pigments which are formulated to
enhance
wood
grain
and
change
the
color of the surface
but not to conceal the surface,
including, but not
50
limited
to,
sap
stain,
toner,
non—grain
raising
stains,
pad stain,
or spatter stain.
“Set of safety relief valves” means one or more safety
relief valves designed to open in order to relieve
excessive pressures in the same vessel or pipe.
“Sheet basecoat” means a coating applied to metal when
the metal
is in sheet form to serve as either the
exterior or interior of a can for either two—piece or
three-piece cans.
“Side-seam spray coat” means a coating applied to the
seam of a three—piece can.
“Single coat” means one coating application applied to
a metal surface.
“Solvent” means a liquid substance that is used to
dissolve or dilute another substance.
“Solvent cleaning” means the process of cleaning soils
from
surfaces
by
cold
cleaning, open top vapor
degreasing, or conveyorized degreasing.
“Specified air contaminant” means any air contaminant
as to which this Part contains emission standards or
other
specific
limitations.
“Splash
loading”
means
a method of loading a tank,
railroad tank car, tank truck,
or trailer by use of
other than a submerged loading pipe.
“Stack”
means
a flue or conduit, free—standing or with
exhaust
port
above the roof of the building on which it
is mounted, by which air contaminants are emitted into
the
atmosphere.
“Standard conditions” means a temperature of 7ORF and a
pressure
of
14.7
psia.
“Standard cubic foot (scf)” means the volume of one
cubic
foot
of
gas at standard conditions.
“Standard Industrial Classification Manual” means the
Standard Industrial Classification Manual
(1987),
Superintendent
of
Documents, U.S. Government Printing
Office,
Washington,
DC
20402
(incorporated by reference
in
Section
218.112).
“Start—up” means the setting in operation of an
emission source for any purpose.
51
“Stationary emission source” and “Stationary source”
mean an emission source which is not self—propelled.
“Storage tank or storage vessel” means any stationary
tank,
reservoir
or
container
used
for
the storage of
VOL.
“Styrene devolatilizer unit” means equipment performing
the function of separating unreacted styrene monomer
and other volatile components from polystyrene in a
vacuum devolatilizer.
“Styrene recovery unit” means equipment performing the
function of separating styrene monomer from other less
volatile components of the styrene devolatilizer unit’s
output.
The separated styrene monomer may be reused as
a raw material in the polystyrene plant.
“Submerged loading pipe” means any discharge pipe or
nozzle which meets either of the following conditions:
Where the tank is filled from the top, the end of
the discharge pipe or nozzle must be totally
submerged when the liquid level is 15 cm
(6 in.)
above the bottom of the tank.
Where the tank is filled from the side, the
discharge pipe or nozzle must be totally submerged
when the liquid level is 46 cm
(18 in.) above the
bottom of the tank.
“Substrate” means the surface onto which a coating is
applied or into which a coating is impregnated.
“Surface condenser” means a device which removes a
substance from a gas stream by reducing the temperature
of the stream, without direct contact between the
coolant and the stream.
“Synthetic organic chemical or polymer manufacturing
plant” means a plant that produces, as intermediates or
final products, one or more of the chemicals or
polymers listed in 35 Ill. Ada. Code 218 Appendix A.
“Tablet
coating
operation”
means
a
pharmaceutical
coating operation in which tablets are coated.
“Thirty-day rolling average” means any value
arithmetically averaged over any consecutive
thirty-days.
52
“Three-piece can” means a can which is made from a
rectangular sheet and two circular ends.
“Topcoat” means a coating applied
jfl: a multiple coat
operation other than prime coat,
final repair coat,
or
prime surfacer coat.
“Topcoat operation” means all topcoat spray booths,
flash-off areas, and bake ovens at a facility which are
used to apply,
dry, or cure the final coatings (except
final off—line repair) on components of automobile or
light-duty truck bodies.
“Transfer efficiency” means the ratio of the amount of
coating solids deposited onto a part or product to the
total amount of coating solids used.
“Tread end cementing” means the application of a
solvent—based cement to the tire tread ends.
“True vapor pressure” means the equilibrium partial
pressure exerted by a volatile organic liquid as
c~etermined in
accordance
with
methods
described
in
?~inericanPetroleum Institute Bulletin 2517,
“Evaporation Loss From Floating Roof Tanks,” second
edition, February 1980 (incorporated by reference in
Section
218.112).
“Turnaround” means the procedure of shutting down an
operating refinery unit, emptying gaseous and liquid
contents to do inspection, maintenance and repair work,
and putting the unit back into production.
“Two—piece can” means a can which is drawn from a
shallow cup and requires only one end to be attached.
“Undercoaters” means any coatings formulated for and
applied to substrates to provide a smooth surface for
subsequent coats.
“Undertread cementing” means the application of a
solvent-based cement to the underside of a tire tread.
“Unregulated safety relief valve” means a safety relief
valve which cannot be actuated by a means other than
high pressure in the pipe or vessel which it protects.
“Vacuum producing system” means any reciprocating,
rotary, or centrifugal blower or compressor or any jet
ejector or device that creates suction from a pressure
below atmospheric and discharges against a greater
pressure.
53
“Valves not externally regulated” means valves that
have no external controls, such as in—line check
valves.
“Vapor balance system” means any combination of pipes
or hoses which creates a closed system between the
vapor spaces of an unloading tank and a receiving tank
such that vapors displaced from the receiving tank are
transferred to the tank being unloaded.
“Vapor collection system” means all piping,
seals,
hoses,
connections, pressure—vacuum vents,
and other
possible sources between the gasoline delivery vessel
and the vapor processing unit and/or the storage tanks
and vapor holder.
“Vapor control system” means any system that limits or
prevents release to the atmosphere of organic material
in the vapors displaced from a tank during the transfer
of gasoline.
“Vapor-mounted primary seal” means a primary seal
mounted with an air space bounded by the bottom of the
primary seal, the tank wall, the liquid surface and the
floating roof.
“Vapor recovery system” means a vapor gathering system
capable of collecting all VOM vapors and gases
discharged from the storage tank and a vapor disposal
system capable of processing such VON vapors and gases
so as to prevent their emission to the atmosphere.
“Vehicle” means a device by which any person or
property may be propelled,
moved, or drawn upon a
highway, excepting a device moved exclusively by human
power or used exclusively upon stationary rails or
tracks.
“Vinyl coating” means any topcoat or printing ink
applied to vinyl coated fabric or vinyl sheets.
Vinyl
coating does not include plastisols.
“Vinyl coating facility” means a facility that includes
one or more vinyl coating line(s).
“Vinyl coating line” means a coating line in which any
protective,
decorative or functional coating is applied
onto vinyl coated fabric or vinyl sheets.
“Volatile organic liquid” means any substance which is
liquid
at
storage conditions and which contains
54
volatile
organic
compounds.
“Volatile organic material
(VON)
or volatile organic
compound (VOC)” means any organic compound which
participates in atmospheric photochemical reactions.
This
includes
any
organic
compound
other
than
the
following compounds:
methane, ethane, methyl
chloroform (1,1,l-trichloroethane), CFC—1l3
(trichiorotrifluoroethane),
methylene
chloride
(dichloromethane), CFC-ll (trichlorofluoromethane),
CFC-12 (dichiorodifluoromethane),
CFC-22
(chlorodifluoromethane),
FC-23
(trifluoromethane),
CFC-114
(dichlorotetrafluoroethane), CFC-115
(chloropentafluoroethane), HCFC-l23
(dichlorotrifluoroethane), HFC-134a
(tetrafluoroethane),
HCFC-l4
lb (dichlorofluoroethane)
and HCFC-l42b (chlorodifluoroethane).
These compounds
have
been determined to have negligible photochemical
reactivity.
In
addition,
for
the
3M
Bedford Park facility in Cook
County,
the
following
compounds
shall
not
be considered
as volatile organic material or volatile organic
compounds
(and
are,
therefore,
to
be
treated
as
water
for the purpose of calculating the “less water” part of
the coating or ink composition)
for a period of time
not to exceed one year after the date USEPA acts on
3M’s petition, pending as of the date of promulgation
of
this
rule,
which
seeks
to
have
these
compounds
classified as exempt compounds:
(1)
cyclic, branched,
or
linear,
completely
fluorinated alkanes,
(2)
cyclic,
branched, or linear, completely fluorinated ethers with
no unsaturations,
(3)
cyclic,
branched, or linear,
completely fluorinated tertiary amines with no
unsaturations,
and
(4) sulfur containing
perfluorocarbons
with
no unsaturations and with sulfur
bonds
only
to
carbon
and
fluorine.
For purposes of determining compliance with emission
limits, VOC will be measured by the approved test
methods.
Where such a method also inadvertently
measures compounds with negligible photochemical
reactivity, an owner or operator may exclude these
negligibly reactive compounds when determining
compliance
with
an
emissions
standard.
“Volatile
petroleum
liquid”
means
any
petroleum
liquid
with
a
true
vapor
pressure
that is greater than 1.5
psia
(78
millimeters
of
mercury)
at
standard
conditions.
“Wash coat” means a coating containing binders which
55
seals
wood
surfaces,
prevents
undesired
staining,
and
controls
penetration.
“Wastewater
(oil/water)
separator”
means
any
device
or
piece
of
equipment
which
utilizes
the
difference
in
density
between
oil
and
water
to
remove
oil
and
associated chemicals of water, or any device, such as a
flocculation tank or a clarifier, which removes
petroleum derived compounds from waste water.
“Web” means a substrate which is printed in continuous
roll-fed presses.
“Wood furniture” means room furnishings including
cabinets
(kitchen, bath, and vanity), tables, chairs,
beds,
sofas,
shutters,
art objects, wood paneling, wood
flooring, and any other coated furnishings made of
wood, wood composition, or fabricated wood materials.
“Wood furniture coating facility” means a facility that
includes one or more wood furniture coating line(s).
“Wood
furniture
coating
line” means a coating line in
which
any
protective,
decorative, or functional coating
is
applied
onto
wood
furniture.
“Woodworking”
means
the
shaping,
sawing,
grinding,
smoothing,
polishing, and making into products of any
form
or
shape
of
wood.
Section
218.105
Testing
Methods
and
Procedures
a)
Coatings, Inks and Fountain Solutions
The following test methods and procedures shall be used
to determine compliance of applied coatings,
inks,
and
fountain
solutions
with
the limitations set forth in
this
Part.
1)
Sampling:
Samples collected for analyses shall be
one—liter taken into a one—liter container at a
location
and
time
such
that
the
sample
will
be
representative of the coating as applied
(i.e.,
the sample shall include any dilution solvent or
other VOM added during the manufacturing process)
The container must be tightly sealed immediately
after
the
sample
is taken.
Any solvent or other
VON added after the sample is taken must be
measured and accounted for in the calculations in
subsection
(a) (3).
For multiple package coatings,
separate samples of each component shall be
obtained.
A
mixed
sample
shall
not
be
obtained
as
56
it
will
cure
in
the
container.
Sampling
procedures
shall
follow
the
guidelines
presented
in:
A)
ASTM D3925-81(l985) standard practice for
sampling liquid paints and related pigment
coating. This practice is incorporated by
reference in Section 218.112.
B)
ASTM E300-86 standard practice for sampling
industrial chemicals. This practice is
incorporated by reference
in
Section 218.112.
2)
Analyses:
The applicable analytical methods
specified below shall be used to determine the
composition
of
coatings,
inks,
or
fountain
solutions
as
applied.
A)
Method
24
of
40
CFR
60, Appendix A,
incorporated by reference in Section 218.112,
shall
be
used
to
determine
the
VON
content
and
density
of
coatings.
If
it
is
demonstrated
to
the
satisfaction
of
the
Agency and the USEPA that plant coating
formulation data are equivalent to Method 24
results, formulation data may be used.
In
the event of any inconsistency between a
Method
24
test
and
a
facility’s
formulation
data, the Method 24 test will govern.
B)
Method 24A of 40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A,
incorporated by reference in Section 218.112,
shall
be used to determine the VOM content
and
density
of
rotogravure
printing
inks
and
related coatings.
If it is demonstrated to
the
sati~faction
of
the
Agency
and
USEPA
that
the plant coating formulation data are
equivalent to Method 24A results, formulation
data may be used.
In the event of any
inconsistency between a Method 24A test and a
facility’s formulation data,
the Method 24A
test will govern.
C)
The following ASTM methods are the analytical
procedures for determining VON:
i)
ASTM Dl475-85: Standard test method for
density of paint, varnish, lacquer and
related products.
This test method is
incorporated by reference in Section
218.112.
57
ii)
ASTM D2369-87: Standard test method for
volatile content of a coating. This test
method is incorporated by reference in
Section 218.112.
iii) ASTM D3792-86: Standard test method for
water content of water—reducible paints
by direct injection into a gas
chromatograph.
This
test
method
is
incorporated
by
reference
in
Section
218.112.
iv)
ASTM D4017—81(1987):
Standard test
method for water content in paints and
paint materials by the Karl Fischer
method.
This
test
method
is
incorporated
by reference in Section 218.112.
v)
ASTM D4457-85: Standard test method for
determination of dichloromethané and
1,1,1, trichioroethane in paints and
coatings by direct injection into a gas
chromatograph.
(The procedure
delineated above can be used to develop
protocols for any compounds specifically
exempted from the definition of VOM.)
This test method is incorporated by
reference in Section 218.112.
vi)
ASTN D2697-86: Standard test method for
volume non-volatile matter in clear or
pigmented coatings.
This test method is
incorporated by reference in Section
218.112.
vii) ASTN D3980-87: Standard practice for
interlaboratory testing of paint and
related materials. This practice is
incorporated by reference in Section
218.112.
viii) ASTM E180-85: Standard practice for
determining the precision data of ASTN
methods for analysis of and testing of
industrial chemicals. This practice is
incorporated by reference in Section
218.112.
ix)
ASTM D2372-85: Standard method of
separation of vehicle from
solvent-reducible paints. This method is
incorporated
by
reference
in
Section
58
218.112.
D)
Use of an adaptation to any of the analytical
methods
specified
in
subsections
(a)
(2) (A),
(B), and
(C) may not be used unless approved
by the Agency and USEPA.
An owner or
operator must submit sufficient documentation
for the Agency and USEPA to find that the
analytical methods specified in subsections
(a) (2) (A),
(B), and
(C) will yield inaccurate
results and that the proposed adaptation is
appropriate.
3)
Calculations:
Calculations for determining the
VON content, water content and the content of any
compounds which are specifically exempted from the
definition of VON of coatings, inks and fountain
solutions
as
applied
shall
follow
the
guidance
provided in the following documents.
A)
“A
Guide
for
Surface
Coating
Calculation”,
EPA-340/1-86-016,
incorporated
by
reference
in Section 218.112.
B)
“Procedures for Certifying Quantity of
Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted by Paint,
Ink and Other Coatings”
(revised June 1986),
EPA-450/3—84—019, incorporated by reference
in
Section
218.112.
C)
“A Guide for Graphic Arts Calculations”,
August 1988, EPA—340/l—88-003,
incorporated
by reference in Section 218.112
b)
Automobile or Light-Duty Truck Test Protocol
The protocol for testing, including determining the
transfer efficiency, of coating applicators at topcoat
coating
operations
at
an
automobile
assembly
facility
shall follow the procedure in:
“Protocol for
Determining
the Daily Volatile Organic Compound
Emission Rate of Automobile and Light-Duty Truck
Topcoat Operations”, December 1988, EPA—450/3—88-0l8,
incorporated by reference in Section 218.112.
c)
Capture
System
Efficiency
Test
Protocols
1)
Applicability
The requirements of subsection
(c) (2) shall apply
to
all
VON
emitting
processes
employing
capture
equipment
(e.g.,
hoods, ducts), except those cases
59
noted
below.
A)
If
a
source
installs
a
permanent
total
enclosure
(PTE)
that meeti Agency and USEPA
specifications, and which directs all VON to
a control device, then the source is exempted
from the requirements
described
in subsection
(C)
(2).
The
Agency
and
USEPA
specifications
to
determine
whether
a
structure
is
considered
a
PTE
are
given
in
Procedure
T
of
Appendix
B
of
this
Part.
In
this
instance,
the
capture
efficiency
is
assumed
to
be
100
percent and the source is still required to
measure control efficiency using appropriate
test
methods
as
specified
in
subsection
(d).
B)
If a source uses a control device designed to
collect
and
recover
VON
(e.g.,
carbon
adsorber),
an
explicit
measurement
of
capture
efficiency is not necessary provided that the
conditions given below are met.
The overall
control of the system can be determined by
directly comparing the input liquid VON to
the recovered liquid VON.
The general
procedure for use in this situation is given
in
40
CFR
60.433, incorporated by reference
in
Section
218.112,
with
the
following
additional restrictions:
i)
The
source
must
be
able
to
equate
solvent usage with solvent recovery on a
24-hour (daily)
basis, rather than a
30-day weighted average, within 72 hours
following the 24—hour period.
In
addition, one of the following two
criteria must be met:
ii)
The solvent recovery system (i.e.,
capture and control system) must be
dedicated to a single process line
(e
.
g., one process line venting to a
carbon adsorber system), or
iii) If the solvent recovery system controls
multiple process lines, then the source
must be
able
to demonstrate that the
overall control
(i.e., the total
recovered solvent VON divided by the sum
of liquid VON input to all process lines
venting to the control system) meets or
exceeds the most stringent standard
applicable for any process line venting
60
to
the
control
system.
2)
Specific Requirements
The capture efficiency of a process line shall be
measured using one of the four protocols given
below.
Any error margin associated with a test
protocol may not be incorporated into the results
of a capture efficiency test.
If these techniques
are not suitable for a particular process, then
the source may use an alternative capture
efficiency protocol, provided that the alternative
protocol is approved by the Agency and approved by
the
USEPA
as
a
SIP
revision.
A)
Gas/gas method using temporary total
enclosure
(TTE).
The
Agency
and
USEPA
specifications to determine whether a
temporary enclosure is considered a
TTE
are
given in Procedure P of Appendix B of this
Part.
The
capture
efficiency
equation
to
be
used
for
this
protocol
is:
CE
=
Gw/(Gw
+
Fw)
where:
CE
=
capture efficiency, decimal
fraction
Gw
=
mass
of VON captured and delivered
to control device using a
TTE
Fw
=
mass
of
fugitive
VON
that
escapes
from
a
TTE
Procedure G.2 contained in Appendix B of this
Part is used to obtain Gw.
Procedure F.l in
Appendix B of this Part is used to obtain Fw.
B)
Liquid/gas method using TTE.
The Agency and
USEPA specifications to determine whether a
temporary enclosure is considered a TTE are
given in Procedure T of Appendix B of this
Part.
The capture efficiency equation to be
used for this protocol is:
CE
=
(L
-
where: CE
=
capture efficiency, decimal
fraction
L
=
mass
of
liquid
VON
input
to
process
6.
Fw
=
mass of fugitive VON that escapes
from
a
TTE
Procedure L contained in Appendix B of this
Part is used to obtain L.
Procedure F.l in
Appendix B of this Part is
used
to obtain Fw.
C)
Gas/gas
method
using the building or room
(building
or
room
enclosure)
in
which
the
affected source is located as the enclosure
and in which “F” and “G” are measured while
operating only the affected facility.
All
fans and blowers in the building or room must
be operated as they would under normal
production.
The capture efficiency equation
to
be
used
for
this
protocol
is:
CE
=
G/(G
+
FB)
where: CE
=
capture efficiency, decimal
fraction
mass of VON captured and
delivered to control device
F8
=
mass of fugitive VON that escapes
from building enclosure
Procedure G.2 contained in Appendix B of this
Part
is
used
to
obtain
G.
Procedure
F.2
in
Appendix B of this Part is used to obtain F8.
D)
Liquid/gas
method
using
the
building
or
room
(building or room enclosure)
in which the
affected
source
is
located
as
the
enclosure
and
in
which
“F”
and
“L”
are
measured
while
operating only the affected facility.
All
fans and blowers in the building or room must
be operated as they would under normal
production.
The capture efficiency equation
to
be
used
for
this
protocol
is:
CE
=
(L
—
where:
CE
=
capture efficiency,
decimal
fraction
mass of liquid VON input to
process
F8
=
mass of fugitive VOM that escapes
62
from building enclosure
Procedure L contained in Appendix B of this
section
is
used
to
obtainL.
Procedure
F.2
in
Appendix
B
of
this
section
is
used
to
obtain
F8.
3)
Recordkeeping and Reporting
A)
All affected facilities must maintain a copy
of the capture efficiency protocol submitted
to the Agency and the USEPA on file.
All
results of the appropriate test methods and
capture efficiency protocols must be reported
to the Agency within sixty
(60) days of the
test date.
A copy of the results must be
kept on file with the source for a period of
three
(3) years.
B)
If any changes are made to capture or control
equipment, then the source is required to
notify
the
Agency
and
the
USEPA
of
these
changes and a new test may be required by the
Agency or the USEPA.
C)
The source must notify the Agency 30 days
prior to performing any capture efficiency or
control test.
At that time, the source must
notify the Agency which capture efficiency
protocol and control device test methods will
be used.
D)
Sources utilizing a
PTE
must
demonstrate
that
this enclosure meets the requirement given in
Procedure P
(in Appendix B
of
this
Part)
for
a
PTE
during any testing of their control
device.
E)
Sources
utilizing
a
TTE
must
demonstrate
that
their TTE meets the requirements given in
Procedure T
(in Appendix B of this
Part)
for
a
TTE during testing of their control device.
The source must also provide documentation
that the quality assurance criteria for a TTE
have been achieved.
d)
Control
Device
Efficiency
Testing
and
Monitoring
1)
The
control
device
efficiency
shall
be
determined
by simultaneously measuring the inlet and outlet
gas phase VOM concentrations and gas volumetric
flow
rates
in
accordance
with
the
gas
phase
test
63
methods
specified
in
subsection
(f).
2)
Any
owner or operator that uses, an afterburner or
carbon adsorber to comply with eny Section of this
Part
shall
use
USEPA
approved
continuous
monitoring equipment which is installed,
calibrated,
maintained,
and
operated
according
to
vendor specifications at all times the afterburner
or carbon adsorber is in use.
The continuous
monitoring equipment must monitor the following
parameters:
A)
Combustion chamber temperature of each
afterburner.
B)
Temperature rise across each catalytic
afterburner bed or VON concentration of
exhaust.
C)
The VON concentration of each carbon
adsorption bed exhaust.
e)
Overall
Efficiency
1)
The overall efficiency of the emission control
system shall be determined as the product of the
capture system efficiency and the control device
efficiency or by the liquid/liquid test protocol
as specified in 40 CFR 60.433, incorporated by
reference in Section 218.112,
(and revised by
subsection
(c) (1) (B)
for each solvent recovery
system.
In those cases in which the overall
efficiency is being determined for an entire line,
the
capture
efficiency
used
to calculate the
product of the capture and control efficiency is
the
total
capture
efficiency
over
the
entire
line.
2)
For coating lines which are both chosen by the
owner or operator to comply with Section
218.207(a),
(d),
(e),
(f), or
(g) by the
alternative in Section 218
•
207 (b) (2) and meet the
criteria allowing them to comply with Section
218.207 instead of Section 218.204, the overall
efficiency of the capture system and control
device,
as determined by the test methods and
procedures specified in subsections
(c),
(d) and
(e) (1), shall be no less than the equivalent
overall
efficiency
which
shall
be
calculated
by
the
following
equation:
E
=
(t~/0M~
-
VOM~/VON8) x 100
64
where:
E
=
Equivalent overall efficiency of the
capture system and control device as a
percentage,
VOMa
=
Actual VON content of a coating, or the
daily-weighted average VON content of
two or more coatings
(if more than one
coating is used), as applied to the
subject
coating line as determined by
the applicable test methods and
procedures specified in subsection
(a)
in units of kg VON/l
(lb VON/gal) of
coating solids as applied,
VOML
=
The VON emission limit specified in
Section 218.207(a) or
(b)
in units of kg
VOM/l
(lb VON/gal) of coating solids as
applied.
f)
Volatile Organic Material Gas Phase Source Test Methods
The
methods
in
40
CFR
Part
60,
Appendix
A,
incorporated
by reference in Section 218.112 delineated below shall
be used to determine control device efficiencies.
1)
40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A, Method 18,
25 or 25A,
incorporated by reference in Section 218.112 as
appropriate to the conditions at the site,
shall
be
used
to
determine
VON
concentration.
Method
selection shall be based on consideration of the
diversity of organic species present and their
total
concentration
and
on
consideration
of
the
potential presence of interfering gases.
Except
as
indicated
in
subsectiøns
(f)
(1)
(A)
and
(B)
below, the test shall consist of three separate
runs,
each lasting a
minimum
of 60 mm, unless the
Agency and the USEPA determine that process
variables dictate shorter sampling times.
A)
When
the method is to be used to determine
the
efficiency
of
a
carbon
adsorption
system
with
a
common
exhaust
stack for all the
individual adsorber vessels, the test shall
consist of three separate runs, each
coinciding
with
one
or
more
complete
sequences
through
the
adsorption
cycles
of
all
the
individual
adsorber
vessels.
B)
When
the
method
is
to
be
used
to
determine
the
efficiency
of
a
carbon
adsorption
system
65
with individual exhaust stacks for each
adsorber vessel, each adsorber vessel shall
be tested individually.
The
test for each
adsorber vessel shall conSist of three
separate runs.
Each run shall coincide with
one or more complete adsorption cycles.
2)
40
CFR
Part 60, Appendix A, Method 1 or lA,
incorporated
by
reference
in
Section
218.112,
shall be used for sample and velocity traverses.
3)
40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A, Method 2,
2A, 2C or
2D, incorporated by reference in Section 218.112,
shall be used for velocity and volumetric flow
rates.
4)
40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A, Method
3, incorporated
by reference in Section 218.112, shall be used for
gas
analysis.
5)
40
CFR
Part
60,
Appendix
A,
Method
4, incorporated
by reference in Section 218.112, shall be used for
stack gas moisture.
6)
40
CFR
Part 60, Appendix A,
Methods
2,
2A, 2C,
2D,
3 and 4, incorporated by reference in Section
218.112, shall be performed,
as applicable,
at
least
twice
during
each
test
run.
7)
Use of an adaptation to any of the test methods
specified in subsections .(f)(l),
(2),
(3),
(4),
(5)
and
(6)
may
not
be
used
unless
approved
by
the
Agency and the USEPA.
An owner or operator must
submit
sufficient documentation for the Agency and
the USEPA to find that the test methods specified
in
subsections
(f)(l),
(2),
(3),
(4),
(5)
and
(6)
will
yield
inaccurate
results
and
that
the
proposed adaptation is appropriate.
g)
Leak Detection Methods for Volatile Organic Material
Owners
or
operators
required by this Part to carry out
a leak detection monitoring program shall comply with
the
following
requirements:
1)
Leak Detection Monitoring
A)
Monitoring shall comply with 40 CFR 60,
Appendix A, Method 21, incorporated by
reference in Section 218.112.
B)
The
detection
instrument
shall
meet
the
66
performance criteria of Method 21.
C)
The instrument shall be calibrated before use
on each day of its use by the methods
specified in Method 21.
D)
Calibration
gases
shall
be:
i)
Zero air (less than loppm of hydrocarbon
in air); and
ii)
A mixture of methane or n—hexane and air
at a concentration of approximately, but
no less than, 10,000 ppm methane or
n-hexane.
E)
The instrument probe shall be traversed
around all potential leak interfaces as close
to the interface as possible as described in
Method
21.
2)
When equipment is tested for compliance with no
detectable emissions as required, the test shall
comply with the following requirements:
A)
The requirements of subsections
(g) (1) (A)
through
(g) (1) (E) above shall apply.
B)
The background level shall be determined as
set forth in Method 21.
3)
Leak
detection
tests
shall be performed consistent
with:
A)
“APTI Course SI 417 controlling Volatile
Organic Compound Emissions from Leaking
Process Equipment”, EPA—450/2—82—015,
incorporated by reference in Section 218.112.
B)
“Portable
Instrument
User’s Manual for
Monitoring VOC Sources”, EPA—340/1—86—0l5,
incorporated by reference in Section 218.112.
C)
“Protocols
for
Generating
Unit-Specific
Emission
Estimates
for Equipment Leaks of VOC
and
VHAP”,
EPA-450/3—88-OlO,
incorporated by
reference
in
Section
218.112.
D)
“Petroleum Refinery Enforcement Manual”,
EPA-340/1—80—008, incorporated by reference
in Section 218.122.
67
h)
Bulk Gasoline Delivery System Test Protocol
1)
The method for determining the emissions of
gasoline
from
a
vapor
recovery
system are
delineated in 40 CFR 60, Subpart XX, Section
60.503, incorporated by reference in Section
218. 112.
2)
Other tests shall be
performed
consistent with:
A)
“Inspection Manual for Control of Volatile
Organic Emissions from Gasoline Marketing
Operations:
Appendix D”, EPA-340/1-80-012,
incorporated by reference in Section 218.112.
B)
“Control of Nydrocarbons from Tank Truck
Gasoline Loading Terminals: Appendix
A”,
EPA-450/2-77-026,
incorporated by reference
in Section 218.112.
fl
Notwithstanding
other
reauirements of this Part,
upon reauest of the Aaency where it
is necessary
to demonstrate comDliance. an owner or operator of
an emission source which is subject to this Part
shall, at his
own
extense. conduct tests in
accordance with the applicable test methods and
procedures specific in this Part.
~j.
Nothing in this Section shall limit the authority
of the USEPA pursuant to the Clean Air Act,
as
amended, to require testing.
Section 218.106
Compliance Dates
Compliance with the requirements of all
rules
is
requircd by July 1, l~l, or sixty days after a final
decision by a fcderal court of the general appeal of
the riP (Illinois Environmental flegulatory Group v.
UC~PA,No. ~
2770 (and consolidated oaaca)
(7th
Gir.)), whichever is later, consistent
~jrith
the
rtrr~vigipnpor t.eat.ton
10.103.
b)
Compliance with the requirements of provisions of this
Fart specifically applicable to a category of sources
which is the same as any of
the
individual
appeals
of
the YIP shall be required by July -1, 10~1,or sixty
days following a final decision by
-a federal
court
of
the-
appeal of the YIP impacting the specific category
of-sources, whichever is later,
oonsil3tent with the
provisions of Ceotion 210.103.
Compliance with the requirmerits of this Part is reauired by July
68
1,
1991 or September 1. 1991
consistent with the appropriate
provisions of Section 218.103.
Section 218.107
Afterburners
The operation of any natural gas fired afterburner and capture
system used to comply with this Part is not required during the
period of November
1 of any year to April 1 of the following year
provided that the operation of such devices is not required for
purposes of occupational safety or health, or for the control of
toxic substances,
odor nuisances, or other regulated pollutants.
Section 218.108
Exemptions, Variations, and Alternative Means
of Control or Compliance Determinations
Notwithstanding the provisions of any other Sections of this
Part,
any exemptions, variations or alternatives to the control
requirements, emission limitations, or test methods set forth in
this Part shall be effective only when approved by the Agency and
approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision.
SectiOn 218.109
Vapor Pressure of Volatile Organic Liquids
a)
If the VOL consists of only a single compound, the
vapor pressure shall be determined by ASTM Method
D2879—86 (incorporated by reference in Section 218.112)
or the vapor pressure may be obtained from a published
source such as:
Boublik, T., V.
Fried and E. Hala,
“The Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances,” Elsevier
Scientific Publishing Co., New York (1973); Perry’s
Chemical Engineer’s Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Company
(1984); CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics,
Chemical
Rubber Publishing Company (1986-87); and Lange’s
Handbook of Chemistry, John A.
Dean, editor,
McGraw-Hill Book Company (1985).
b)
If the VOL is a mixture, the vapor pressure shall be
determined by ASTM Method D2879-86 (incorporated by
reference in Section 218.112) or by the following
equation:
P~ol
=
~P1 X-
1=1
where:
P~ol
=
Total vapor pressure of the
mixture,
n
=
Number of components in the
mixture,
69
i
=
Subscript denoting an individual
component,
P1
=
Vapor pressure of a component
determined in accordance with
Subpart A of this Part
X1
=
Mole fraction of the component in
the total mixture.
Section 218.110
Vapor Pressure of Organic Material or Solvent
a)
If the organic material or solvent consists of only a
single compound, the vapor pressure shall be determined
by ASTM Method D2879-86 (incorporated by reference in
Section 218.112) or the vapor pressure may be obtained
from a published source such as:
Boublik,
T., V.
Fried
and E. Hala,
“The Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances,”
Elsevier Scientific PublishingCo., New York (1973);
Perry’s Chemical Engineer’s Handbook, McGraw—Hill Book
Company (1984); CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics,
Chemical Rubber Publishing Company
(1986-87); and
Lange’s Handbook of Chemistry, John A.
Dean,
editor,
McGraw-Hill Book Company (1985).
b)
If the organic material or solvent is in a mixture made
up of both organic material compounds and compounds
which are not organic material, the vapor pressure
shall be determined by the following equation:
n
zPixi
porn
9~
x,
~=1
where:
P0m
=
Total vapor pressure of the portion of the
mixture which is composed of organic
material,
n
=
Number of organic material components in
the mixture,
=
Subscript denoting an individual
component,
P,
=
Vapor pressure of an organic material
70
component determined in accordance with
Subpart A of this Part,
X,
=
Mole fraction of the organic material
component of the total mixture.
c)
If the organic material or solvent is in a mixture made
up of only organic material compounds, the vapor
pressure shall be determined by ASTM Method D2879-86
(incorporated by reference in Section 218.112) or by
the above equation.
Section 218.111
Vapor Pressure of Volatile Organic Material
a)
If the VOM consists of only a single compound, the
vapor pressure shall be determined by ASTM Method
D2879-86 (incorporated by reference in Section 218.112)
or the vapor pressure may be obtained from a published
source such as:
Boublik, T., V. Fried and E. Hala,
“The Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances,” Elsevier
Scientific Publishing Co., New York (1973); Perry’s
Chemical Engineer’s Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Company
(1984);
CRC
Handbook of Chemistry and Physics,
Chemical
Rubber Publishing Company (1986-87); and Lange’s
Handbook of Chemistry, John A. Dean, editor,
McGraw-Hill Book Company (1985).
b)
If the VOM is in a mixture made up of both VOM
compounds and compounds which are not VOM, the vapor
pressure shall be determined by the following equation:
n
EPix’
~vom
=
11
‘1
where:
P~om
=
Total vapor pressure of the portion of
the mixture which is composed of VOM,
n
=
Number
of VOM components in the mixture,
i
=
Subscript denoting an individual
component,
P1
=
Vapor pressure of a VOM component
determined in accordance with Subpart A
of this Part,
71
X1
Mole fraction of the VOM component of
the total mixture.
c)
If
the
VOM
is
in
a
mixture
made
up
of
only
VON
compounds, the vapor pressure shall be determined by
ASTM Method D2879-86 (incorporated by reference in
Section 218.112) or by the above equation.
Section 218.112
Incorporations by Reference
The
following materials are incorporated by reference:
a)
American Society for Testing and Materials,
1916 Race
Street,
Philadelphia,
PA
19103:
1)
ASTM D2879—86
2)
ASTM
D323—82
3)
ASTM
D86—82
4)
ASTM
D—369—69
(1971)
5)
ASTM
D—396—69
6)
ASTM
D2880—71
7)
ASTN
D—975—68
8)
ASTM
D3925—81
(1985)
9)
ASTM
E300—86
10)
ASTM
D1475—85
11)
ASTM
D2369—87
12)
ASTM D3792—86
13)
ASTM
D40l7—81 (1987)
14)
ASTM
D4457—85
15)
ASTM
D2697—86
16)
ASTM D3980—87
17)
ASTM
E180—85
18)
ASTM
D2372—85
19)
ASTM
D97—66
20)
ASTN
E—l68
21)
ASTM
E—l69
22)
ASTM
E—260
23)
ASTM
D2504—83
24)
ASTM
D2382—83
b)
Standard Industrial Classification Manual, published by
Executive
Office
of
the
President,
Office
of
Management
and
Budget,
Washington,
D.C.,
1987.
c)
American
Petroleum
Institute
Bulletin
2517,
“Evaporation
Loss From Floating Roof Tanks”, Second
ed., February,
1980.
d)
40
CFR
60
(July
1,
1990).
e)
40
CFR
61
(July
1,
1990).
72
f)
40
CFR
50
(July
1,
1989).
g)
40
CFR
51
(July
1,
1989).
h)
40
CFR
52
(July
1,
1989).
i)
United
States
Environmental
Protection
Agency,
Washington,
D.C., EPA—340/1—86-016.
j)
United
States
Environmental
Protection
Agency,
Washington
D.C.,
EPA-450/3-84-019.
k)
United States Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington
D.C.,
EPA—340/l—88—003.
1)
United
States
Environmental
Protection
Agency,
Washington
D.C.,
EPA-450/3-88—018.
m)
United States Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington,
D.C.,
EPA-450/2—78—029.
n)
United
States
Environmental
Protection
Agency,
Washington,
D.C.,
EPA—450/2—78—05l.
0)
United
States
Environmental
Protection
Agency,
Washington,
D.C.,
EPA—450/3—82—009.
SUBPART
B:
ORGANIC
EMISSIONS
FROM
STORAGE
AND
LOADING
OPERATIONS
Section
218.121
Storage
Containers
No
person
shall
cause
or
allow
the
storage
of
any
VOL
with
a
vapor pressure of 17.24 kPa (2.5 psia)
or greater at 294.3 K
(70°F)
or
any
gaseous
organic
material
in
any
stationary
tank,
reservoir
or
other
container
of
more
than
151
cubic
meters
(40,000
gal)
capacity
unless
such
tank,
reservoir
or
other
container:
a)
Is a pressure tank capable of withstanding the vapor
pressure of such liquid or the pressure of the gas, so
as to prevent vapor or gas loss to the atmosphere at
all
times;
or,
b)
Is
designed
and
equipped
with
one
of
the
following
vapor
loss
control
devices:
1)
A
floating
roof
which
rests
on
the
surface
of
the
VOL
and
is
equipped
with
a
closure
seal
or
seals
between
the
roof
edge
and
the
tank
wall.
Such
floating
roof
shall
not
be
permitted
if
the
VOL
has
a
vapor
pressure
of
86.19
kPa
(12.5
psia)
or
73
greater
at
294.3°K
(70°F).
No
person
shall
cause
or
allow
the
emission
of
air
contaminants
into
the
atmosphere
from
any
gauging
or
sampling
devices
attached to such tanks, except :during sampling or
maintenance operations.
2)
A
vapor
recovery
system
consisting
of:
A)
A vapor gathering system capable of
collecting 85
or more of the
uncontrolled
VON
that
would
be
otherwise
emitted
to
the
atmosphere;
and,
B)
A
vapor
disposal
system
capable
of
processing
such VOM so as to prevent its emission to the
atmosphere.
No person shall cause or allow
the emission of air contaminants into the
atmosphere from any gauging or sampling
devices
attached
to
such
tank,
reservoir
or
other
container
except
during
sampling.
3)
Other
equipment
or
means
of
equal
efficiency
approved
by
the
Agency
according
to
the
provisions
of
35
Ill.
Adm.
Code
201,
and
further
processed
consistent
with
Section
218.108.
Section
218.122
Loading
Operations
a)
No
person
shall
cause
or
allow
the
discharge
of
more
than
3.6
kg/hr
(8
lbs/hr)
of
organic
material
into
the
atmosphere
during
the
loading
of
any
organic
material
from
the
aggregate
loading
pipes
of
any
loading
facility
having
through-put
of
greater
than
15.
cub.ic
meters
per
day
(40,000
gal/day)
into
any
railroad
tank
car,
tank
truck
or
trailer
unless
such
loading
facility
is
equipped
with
submerged
loading
pipes,
submerged
fill
or
a
device
that
is
equally
effective
in
controlling emissions and is approved by the Agency
according to the provisions of 35 Ill.
Adm.
Code 201,
and further processed consistent with Section 218.108.
b)
No person shall cause or allow the loading of any
organic material into any stationary
tank
having a
storage capacity of greater than 946 1 (250 gal),
unless
such
tank
is
equipped
with
a
permanent
submerged
loading pipe,
submerged
fill
or
an
equivalent
device
approved
by
the
Agency
according
to
the
provisions
of
35
Ill.
Adin. Code 201,
and
further
processed
consistent
with
Section
218.108,
or
unless
such
tank
is
a
pressure
tank
as
described
in
Section
218.121(a)
or
is
fitted
with
a
recovery
system
as
described
in
Section
218.121(b)
(2).
74
c)
Exception:
If
no
odor
nuisance
exists
the
limitations
of
this
Section
shall
only
apply
to
the
loading
of
VOL
with
a
vapor
pressure
of
17.24
kPa
(2.5
psia)
or
greater at 294.3°K(70°F).
Section
218.123
Petroleum
Liquid
Storage
Tanks
a)
The requirements of subsection
(b) shall not apply to
any stationary storage tank:
1)
Equipped
before
January
1,
1979
with
one
of
the
vapor loss control devices specified in Section
218.121(b),
except
Section
218.121(b)
(1)
;
2)
With
a
capacity
of
less
than
151.42
cubic
meters
(40,000
gal);
3)
With
a
capacity
of
less
than
1,600
cubic
meters
(422,400 gal) and used to store produced crude oil
and
condensate
prior
to
custody
transfer;
4)
With a capacity of less than 1,430 cubic meters
(378,000 gal)
and used to store produced oil or
condensate
in
crude
oil
gathering;
5)
Subject
to
new
source
performance
standards
for
storage vessels of petroleum liquid,
35 Ill.
Adin.
Code 230;
6)
In
which
volatile
petroleum
liquid
is
not
stored;
or
7)
Which
is
a
pressure tank as described in Section
218.121(a).
b)
Subject
to
subsection
(a)
no
owner
or operator of a
stationary storage tank shall cause or allow the
storage of any volatile petroleum liquid in the tank
unless:
1)
The
tank
is
equipped
with
one
of
the
vapor
loss
control
devices
specified
in
Section
218.121(b);
2)
There are no visible holes,
tears or other defects
in the seal or any seal fabric or material of any
floating
roof;
3)
All
openings
of
any
floating
roof
deck,
except
stub
drains,
are
equipped
with
covers,
lids
or
seals
such
that:
75
A)
The
cover,
lid
or
seal
is
in
the
closed
position
at
all
times
except
when
petroleum
liquid
is
transferred
to
or
from
the
tank;
B)
Automatic
bleeder
vents
ate
closed
at
all
times
except
when
the
roof
is
floated
off
or
landed on the roof leg supports; and
C)
Rim
vents,
if
provided,
are
set
to
open
when
the
roof
is
being
floated
off
the
roof
leg
supports
or at the manufacturer’s recommended
setting;
4)
Routine
inspections
of
floating
roof
seals
are
conducted
through
roof
hatches
once
every
six
months;
5)
A
complete
inspection
of
the
cover
and
seal
of
any
floating
roof
tank
is
made
whenever
the
tank
is
emptied for reasons other.than the transfer of
petroleum
liquid
during
the
normal
operation
of
the
tank,
or
whenever
repairs
are
made
as
a
result
of
any
semi—annual
inspection
or
incidence
of
roof
damage or defect; and
6)
A
record
of
the
results
of
eaôh
inspection
conducted under subsection
(b) (4)
or
(b) (5)
is
maintained.
C)
Owners
and operators of petroleum liquid storage tanks
were required to have compliance schedules as
summarized
in
Appendix
C,
to
35
Ill
Adm. Code 215.
Section
218.124
External
Floating
Roofs
a)
In addition to meeting the requirements of Section
218.123(b),
no
owner
or
operator
of
a
stationary
storage
tank
equipped
with
an
external
floating
roof
shall
cause
or
allow
the
storage
of
any
volatile
petroleum liquid in the tank unless:
1)
The
tank
has
been
fitted
with
a
continuous
secondary seal extending from the floating roof to
the
tank
wall
(rim
mounted
secondary
seal)
or
any
other device which controls VON emissions with an
effectiveness equal to or greater than a rim
mounted secondary seal;
2)
Each
seal
closure
device
meets
the
following
requirements:
A)
The seal
is intact and uniformly in place
76
around
the
circumference
of
the
floating
roof
between
the
floating
roof
and
tank
wall;
and
B)
The
accumulated
area
of
gaps
exceeding
0.32
centimeter
(1/8
inch)
in
width
between
the
secondary
seal and the tank wall shall not
exceed 212 square centimeters per meter of
tank diameter (1.0 square inches per foot of
tank diameter).
3)
Emergency roof drains are provided with slotted
membrane
fabric
covers or equivalent covers across
at least 90 percent of the area of the opening;
4)
Openings are equipped with projections into the
tank
which
remain
below
the
liquid
surface
at
all
times;
5)
Inspections
are
conducted
prior
to
May
1
of
each
year
to
insure
compliance
with
subsection
(a);
6)
The
secondary
seal
gap
is
measured
prior
to
May
1
of
each
year;
7)
Records
of
the
types
of
volatile
petroleum
liquid
stored,
the
maximum
true
vapor
pressure
of
the
liquid
as
stored,
the
results
of
the
inspections
and
the
results
of
the
secondary
seal
gap
measurements
are
maintained
and
available
to
the
Agency,
upon
verbal
or
written
request,
at
any
reasonable
time
for
a
minimum
of
two
years
after
the
date
on
which
the
record was made.
b)
Subsection
(a)
does
not
apply
to
any
stationary
storage
tank
equipped
with
an
external
floating
roof:
1)
Exempted
under
Section
2l8.123(a)(2)
through
218.123
(a)
(6)
;
2)
Of welded construction equipped with a metallic
type
shoe
seal
having
a
secondary
seal
from
the
top of the shoe seal to the tank wall
(shoe—mounted secondary seal);
3)
Of welded construction equipped with a metallic
type
shoe
seal,
a
liquid—mounted
foam
seal,
a
liquid-mounted
liquid-filled—type seal,
or other
closure
device
of
equivalent
control
efficiency
approved
by
the
Agency
in
which
a
petroleum
liquid
with
a
true
vapor
pressure
less than 27.6 kPa (4.0
psia)
at
294.3°K
(70°
F)
is
stored;
or
77
4)
Used to store crude oil with a pour point of 50°F
or
higher
as
determined
by
ASTM
Standard
D97-66
incorporated
by
reference
in
Section
218.112.
Section 218.125
Compliance Dates
Every
owner
or operator of an emission source subject to 35 Ill.
Adm. Code 215, Subpart B, as of
December
31,
1987 shall have
complied with its standards and limitations by December 31,
1987.
Section 218.126
Compliance Plan
a)
The owner or operator of an emission source previously
subject to Section 215.125 shall have submitted to the
Agency
a
compliance
plan
as
required
by
35
Ill.
Adm.
Code
201.241,
including
a
project
completion
schedule
where
applicable,
no
later
than
April
21,
1983.
b)
Unless the submitted compliance plan or schedule was
disapproved by the Agency, the owner or operator of a
facility or emission source subject to the rules
specified in subsection
(a) may operate the emission
source according to the plan and schedule as submitted.
C)
The plan and schedule shall meet the requirements of 35
Ill.
Adin.
Code 201.241 including specific interim dates
as required in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 201.242.
SUBPART
C:
ORGANIC
EMISSIONS
FROM
MISCELLANEOUS
EQUIPMENT
Section
218.141
Separation
Operations
a)
No person shall use any single or multiple compartment
effluent water separator which receives effluent water
containing 757 1/day
(200 gal/day) or more of organic
material from any equipment processing, refining,
treating, storing or handling organic material unless
such effluent water separator is equipped with air
pollution control equipment capable of reducing by 85
percent or more the uncontrolled organic material
emitted
to
the
atmosphere.
Exception:
If
no
odor
nuisance exists the limitations of this subsection
shall not apply if the vapor pressure of the organic
material
is
below
17.24
kPa (2.5 psia)
at 294.3°K
(70°F).
b)
Subsection
(a)
shall
not
apply
to
water
and
crude
oil
separation
in
the
production
of
Illinois
crude
oil,
if
the
vapor
pressure
of
such
crude
oil
is
less
than
34.5
kPa
(5 psia).
Section 218.142
Pumps and Compressors
78
No
person
shall
cause
or
allow
the
discharge
of
more
than
32.8
ml
(2 cu in) of VOL with vapor pressure of 17.24 kPa
(2.5 psia) or
~reater at 294.3°K(70°F) into the atmosphere from any pump or
compressor
in
any
15
minute
period
at
standard
conditions.
Section 218.143
Vapor Blowdown
No person shall cause or allow the emission of organic material
into
the
atmosphere
from
any
vapor
blowdown
system
or
any
safety
relief valve, except such safety relief valves not capable of
causing an excessive release, unless such emission is controlled:
a)
To
10
ppm
equivalent
methane
(molecular
weight
16.0)
or
less;
or,
b)
By
combustion
in
a
smokeless
flare;
or,
c)
By
other
air
pollution
control
equipment
approved
by
the Agency according to the provisions of 35 Ill. Adm.
Code
201,
and
further
processed
consistent
with
Section
218.108.
Section
218.144
Safety
Relief
Valves
Section 218.143 shall not apply to any set of unregulated safety
relief valves capable of causing excessive releases, provided the
owner
or
operator
thereof,
by
October
1,
1972,
supplied
the
Agency with the following:
a)
A
historical
record
of
each
such
set
(or,
if
such
records
were
unavailable,
of
similar
sets
which,
by
virtue
of
operation
under
similar
circumstances,
may
reasonably
have
been
presumed
to
have
the
same
or
greater
frequency
of
excessive
releases)
for
a
three-year
period
immediately
preceding
October
1,
1972,
indicating:
1)
Dates
on
which
excessive
releases
occurred
from
each
such
set;
and,
2)
Duration in minutes of each such excessive
release;
and,
3)
Quantities
(in
pounds)
of
mercaptans
and/or
hydrogen
sulfide
emitted
into
the
atmosphere
during
each
such
excessive
release.
b)
Proof,
using
such
three-year
historical
records,
that
no
excessive
release
is
likely
to
occur
from
any
such
set
either
alone
or
in
combination
with
such
excessive
releases
from
other
sets
owned
or
operated
by
the
same
79
person
and
located
within
a
ten—mile
radius
from
the
center
point
of
any
such
set,
more
frequently
than
3
times
in
any
12
month
period;
c)
Accurate maintenance records pursuant to the
requirements
of
subsection
(a);
and,
d)
Proof,
at
three—year
intervals,
using
such
three—year
historical
records,
that
such
set
conforms
to
the
requirements
of
subsection
(c).
SUBPART
E:
SOLVENT
CLEANING
Section
218.181
Solvent
Cleaning
in
General
The
requirements
of
this
Subpart
shall
apply
to
all
cold
cleaning,
open
top
vapor
degreasing,
and
conveyorized
degreasing
operations.
Section
218.182
Cold
Cleaning
a)
Operating
Procedures:
No
person
shall
operate
a
cold
cleaning
degreaser
unless:
1)
Waste
solvent
is
stored
in
covered
containers
only
and
not
disposed
of
in
such
a
manner
that
more
than
20
of
the
waste
solvent
(by
weight)
is
allowed
to
evaporate
into
the
atmosphere;
2)
The
cover
of
the
degreaser
is
closed
when
parts
are
not
being
handled;
and
3)
Parts
are
drained
until
dripping
ceases.
b)
Equipment
Requirements:
No
person
shall
operate
a
cold
cleaning
degreaser
unless:
1)
The
degreaser
is
equipped
with
a
cover
which
is
closed
whenever
parts
are
not
being
handled
in
the
cleaner.
The
cover
shall
be
designed
to
be
easily
operated
with
one
hand
or
with
the mechanical
assistance
of
springs,
counter—weights
or
a
powered system
if:
A)
The
solvent
vapor
pressure
is
greater
than
2
kPa
(15
mmllg
or
0.3
psi)
measured
at
38°C
(100°F);
B)
The
solvent
is
agitated;
or
C)
The
solvent
is
heated
above
ambient
room
temperature.
80
2)
The
degreaser
is
equipped
with
a
facility
for
draining
cleaned
parts.
The
drainage
facility
shall
be
constructed
so
that
parts
are enclosed
under the cover while draining unless:
A)
The
solvent
vapor
pressure
is
less
than
4.3
kPa
(32
mmHg
or
0.6
psi)
measured
at
38°C
(100°F);
or
B)
An
internal
drainage
facility
cannot
be
fitted
into
the
cleaning
system,
in
which
case
the
drainage
facility
may
be
external.
3)
The
degreaser
is
equipped
with
one
of
the
following
control
devices
if
the
vapor
pressure
of
the
solvent
is
greater
than
4.3
kPa
(32
minHg
or
0.6
psi)
measured
at
38°C (l00~F)
or
if
the
solvent
is
heated
above
50°C
(120°?)
or
its
boiling
point:
A)
A
freeboard
height
of
7/10
of
the
inside
width
of
the
tank
or
91
cm
(36
in),
whichever
is
less;
or
B)
Any
other
equipment
or
system
of
equivalent
emission
control
as
approved
by
the
Agency
and
further
processed
consistent
with
Section
218.108.
Such
a
system
may
include
a
water
cover,
refrigerated chiller or carbon
adsorber.
4)
A
permanent
conspicuous
label
summarizing
the
operating
procedure
is
affixed
to
the
degreaser;
and
5)
If
a
solvent
spray
is
used,
the
degreaser
is
equipped
with
a
solid
fluid
stream
spray,
rather
than
a
fine,
atomized
or
shower
spray.
Section
218.183
Open
Top
Vapor
Degreasing
a)
Operating Requirements:
No person shall operate an
open
top
vapor
degreaser
unless:
1)
The
cover
of
the
degreaser
is
closed
when
workloads
are
not
being
processed
through
the
degreaser;
2)
Solvent
carryout
emissions
are
minimized
by:
A)
Racking
parts
to
allow
complete
drainage;
81
B)
Moving parts in and out of ~thedegreaser at
less
than
3.3
rn/mm
(1.
ft/mm);
C)
Holding
the
parts
in
the
vapor
zone
until
condensation ceases;
D)
Tipping
out
any
pools
of
solvent
on
the
cleaned parts before removal from the vapor
zone;
and,
E)
Allowing
parts
to
dry
within
the
degreaser
until
visually dry.
3)
Porous
or
absorbent
materials,
such
as
cloth,
leather,
wood
or
rope
are
not
degreased;
4)
Less
than
half
of
the
degreaser’s
open
top
area
is
occupied
with
a
workload;
5)
The
degreaser
is
not
loaded
to
the
point
where
the
vapor
level
would
drop
more
than
10
cm
(4
in)
when
the
workload
is
removed
from
the
vapor
zone;
6)
Spraying
is
done
below
the
vapor
level
only;
7)
Solvent
leaks
are
repaired
immediately;
8)
Waste
solvent
is
stored
in
covered
containers
only
and
not
disposed
of
in
such
a
manner
that
more
than
20
of
the
waste
solvent
(by
weight)
is
allowed
to
evaporate
into
the
atmosphere;
9)
Water
is
not
visually
detectable
in
solvent
exiting
from
the
water
separator;
and
10)
Exhaust
ventilation
exceeding
20
cubic
meters
per
minute
per
square
meter
(65
cubic feet per minute
per
square
foot)
of
degreaser
open
area is not
used, unless necessary to meet the requirements of
the Occupational Safety and Health Act
(29 U.S.C.
Section 651 et seq.).
b)
Equipment
Requirements:
No
person
shall
operate
an
open
top
vapor
degreaser
unless:
1)
The
degreaser
is
equipped
with
a
cover
designed
to
open
and
close
easily
without
disturbing
the
vapor
zone;
2)
The
degreaser
is
equipped
with
the
following
switches:
82
A)
A device which shuts off the
sump
heat
source
if the amount of condenser.coolant is not
sufficient to maintain the designed vapor
level; and
B)
A device which shuts off the spray pump if
the vapor level drops more than 10 cm
(4 in)
below the bottom condenser
coil;
and
C)
A device which shuts off the aump heat source
when the vapor level exceeds the
design
level.
3)
A
permanent
conspicuous
label
summarizing
the
operating
procedure
is
affixed
to
the
degreaser;
4)
The degreaser is equipped with one of the
following
devices:
A)
A freeboard height of 3/4 of the inside width
of
the
degreaser
tank
or
91
cm
(36
in),
whichever is less; and if the degreaser
opening is greater than
1.
square
meter
(10.8
square feet), a powered or mechanically
assisted
cover;
or
B)
Any
other
equipment
or
system
of
equivalent
emission
control
as
approved
by
the
Agency
and further processed consistent with Section
218.108.
Such
equipment
or
system
may
include a refrigerated chiller, an enclosed
design or a carbon adsorption system.
Section
218.184
Conveyorized
Degreasing
a)
Operating Requirements:
No person shall operate a
conveyorized degreaser unless:
1)
Exhaust
ventilation
exceeding
20
cubic meters per
minute
per
square
meter
(65
cubic feet per minute
per square foot) of area of loading and unloading
opening is not used, unless necessary to meet the
requirements of the Occupational Safety and Health
Act
(29 U.S.C. Section 651 et seq.).
2)
Solvent carryout emissions are minimized by:
A)
Racking parts for best drainage; and
B)
Maintaining
the
vertical
conveyor speed at
less
than
3.3
~/min
(11
ft/mm);
83
3)
Waste solvent is stored in covered containers only
and not disposed of in such a
~ánner
that
more
than
20
of
the
waste
solvent
(by
weight)
is
allowed to evaporate into the atmosphere;
4)
Solvent leaks are repaired immediately;
5)
Water
is
not
visually
detectable
in
solvent
exiting from the water separator; and
6)
Downtime covers are placed over entrances and
exits of conveyorized degreasers immediately after
the conveyors and exhausts are shut down and not
removed
until
just
before
start—up.
b)
Equipment
Requirements:
No
person
shall
operate
a
conveyorized
degreaser
unless:
1)
The
degreaser
is
equipped
with
a
drying
tunnel,
rotating
(tumbling)
basket
or
other
equipment
sufficient
to
prevent
cleaned
parts
from
carrying
out solvent liquid or vapor;
2)
The degreaser is equipped with the following
switches:
A)
A device which shuts off the sump heat source
if the amount of condenser coolant is not
sufficient
to
maintain
the
designed
vapor
level;
B)
A
device
which
shuts
off
the
spray
pump
or
the conveyor if the vapor level drops more
than 10 cm
(4
in) below the bottom condenser
coil;
and
C)
A
device
which
shuts
off
the
sump heat source
when the vapor level exceeds the design
level;
3)
The degreaser is equipped with openings for
entrances and exits that silhouette workloads so
that the average clearance between the
parts
and
the
edge
of
the
degreaser
opening
is
less
than
10
cm
(4
in) or less than 10 percent of the width of
the opening;
4)
The degreaser is equipped with downtime covers for
closing
off
entrances
and
exits
when
the
degreaser
is
shut
down;
and
84
5)
The degreaser is equipped with one of the
following control devices,
if the
air/vapor
interface is larger than 2.0 square meters (21.6
square feet):
A)
A carbon adsorption system with ventilation
greater than or equal to 15 cubic meters per
minute
per
square
meter
(50
cubic
feet
per
minute per square foot) of air/vapor area
when
downtime
covers are
open,
and exhausting
less than 25 ppm of solvent by volume
averaged over a complete adsorption cycle; or
B)
Any other equipment or system of equivalent
emission control as approved by the Agency,
and further processed consistent with Section
218.108.
Such equipment or system may
include
a
refrigerated
chiller.
Section
218.185
Compliance
Schedule
Every
owner
or
operator
of an emission source which was
previously exempt from the requirements of Subpart E of 35 Ill.
Adm. Code 215 (Sections 215.182—215.184) because it satisfied the
criteria in either 35 Ill. Adm. Code 215.181(a)
or 35 Ill.
Adm.
Code 215.181(b), shall comply with the requirements of this
Subpart
on
and
after a date consistent with Section 218.106.
A
source which did not satisfy the criteria in either 35 Ill.
Adin.
Code 215.181(a) or 35 Ill.
Adm.
Code 215.181(b)
shall comply with
the
requirements
of
this
Subpart
upon
adoption.
Section
218.186
Test
Methods
The
following
test
methods
shall
be
used
to
demonstrate
compliance with this Subpart:
a)
Vapor pressures shall be determined by using the
procedure specified in Section 218.110.
b)
Exhaust
ventilation
rates
shall
be
determined
by
using
the
procedures
specified
in
Section
218. 105(f)
(3).
c)
The
performance
of
control
devices
shall
be
determined
by using the procedures specified in Section
218.105(f).
SUBPART
F:
COATING OPERATIONS
Section 218.204
Emission Limitations for Manufacturing Plants
Except as provided in Section 218.208, no owner or operator of a
coating
line
shall
apply
at
any
time
any
coating
in
which
the
VON
85
content
exceeds
the
following
emission
limitations
for
the
specified coating.
The following emission limitations are
expressed
in
units
of
VOM per
volume
of
coating
(minus
water
and
any compounds which are specifically exempted from the definition
of VON) as applied at each coating applicator, except where
noted.
Compounds which are specifically exempted from the
definition of VOM should be treated as water for the purpose of
calculating
the
“less
water”
part
of the coating composition.
Compliance with this Subpart must be demonstrated through the
applicable coating analysis test methods and procedures specified
in Section 218.105(a)
and the recordkeeping
and
reporting
requirements specified in Section 218.211(c).
(Note:
The
equation presented in Section 218.206 shall be used to calculate
emission
limitations
for
determining
compliance
by
add-on
controls,
credits
for
transfer
efficiency,
emissions
trades
and
cross—line averaging.)
The emission limitations are as follows:
a)
Automobile or Light-Duty
kg/l
lb/gal
Truck
Coating
1)
Prime coat
0.14
(1.2)
2)
Prime surfacer coat
0.34
(2.8)
(Note:
The
prime
surfacer
coat
limitation
is
based
upon
a transfer efficiency of 30 percent.
The use of
transfer
efficiency
credits
can
be
allowed
only
if
approved by the Agency and approved by the USEPA as a
SIP
revision.
3)
Topcoat
1.81
(15.1)
(Note:
The topcoat limitation is in units of kg
(lbs)
of
VON
per
1
(gal)
of
coating
solids
deposited.
Compliance with the limitation shall be based on the
daily-weighted
average
VOM
content
from
the entire
topcoat operation
(all topcoat spray booths,
flash-off
areas and bake ovens).
Compliance shall be
demonstrated in accordance with the topcoat protocol
for automobiles and light—duty trucks referenced in
Section 218.105(b).
Section 218.205 does not apply to
the topcoat limitation.)
At least 180 days prior to
the initial compliance date, the owner or operator of a
coating line subject to the topcoat limitation shall
have submitted to the USEPA a detailed proposal
specifying the method of demonstrating compliance with
the
protocol.
The
proposal
shall
have
included,
at
a
minimum,
a
comprehensive
plan
(including
a
rationale)
for
determining
the
transfer
efficiency
at
each
booth
through
the
use
of
in-plant,
or
pilot
testing;
the
selection of coatings to be tested (for the purpose of
86
determining transfer efficiency)
including the
rationale for coating groupings; and the method for
determining
the analytic VON content: of as
appliedcoatings and the formulation solvent content of
as applied coatings.
Upon approval of the protocol by
the USEPA, the source may proceed with the compliance
demonstration.
kg!.
lb!aal
4)
Final repair coat
0.58
(4.8)
b)
Can Coating
kg/i.
lb/aal
1)
Sheet basecoat and
0.34
(2.8)
overvarnish
2)
Exterior basecoat and
0.34
(2.8)
overvarnish
3)
Interior body spray coat 0.51
(4.2)
4)
Exterior end coat
0.51
(4.2)
5)
Side seam spray coat
0.66
(5.5)
6)
End sealing compound coato.44
(3.7)
kci/l
lb/cal
c)
Paper Coating
0.35
(2.9)
(Note:
The paper coating limitation shall not apply to
any owner or operator of any paper coating line on
which printing is performed if the paper coating
line
complies with the emissions limitations in Subpart H:
Printing and Publishing,
Sections 218.401 through
218.404.)
kci/l
lb/aal
d)
Coil Coating
0.31
(2.6)
e)
Fabric Coating
0.35
(2.9)
f)
Vinyl
Coating
0.45
(3.8)
g)
Metal
Furniture
Coating
0.36
(3.0)
h)
Large
Appliance
Coating
0.34
(2.8)
(Note:
The
limitation
shall
not
apply
to
the
use
of
87
quick-drying
lacquers
for
repair
of
scratches
and
nicks
that
occur
during
assembly,
provided
-that
the
volume
of
coating does not exceed 0.95 1
(1 quart)
in any one
rolling
eight-hour
period.)
ka/l
lblaal
i)
Magnet Wire Coating
0.20
(1.7)
j)
Miscellaneous Metal Parts and
Products Coating
1)
Clear
coating
0.52
(4.3)
2)
Air—dried coating
0.42
(3.5)
3)
Extreme
performance
0.42
(3.5)
coating
4)
All other coatings
0.36
(3.0)
k~/l
1b/~al
Ic)
Heavy Off-Highway Vehicle
Products
Coating
1)
Extreme
performance
0.42
(3.5)
prime
coat
2)
Extreme
performance
top-
0.42
(3.5)
coat
(air
dried)
3)
Final
repair
coat
0.42
(3.5)
(air
dried)
4)
All other coatings are subject to the emission
limitations for miscellaneous metal parts and
products coatings in subsection
(j) above.
kgJl
lb!ual
1)
Wood
Furniture
Coating
1)
Clear
topcoat
0.67
(5.6)
2)
Opaque stain
0.56
(4.7)
3)
Pigmented
coat
0.60
(5.0)
4)
Repair
coat
0.67
(5.6)
5)
Sealer
0.67
(5.6)
88
6)
Semi—transparent stain
0.19
(6.6)
7)
Wash
coat
0.73
(6.1)
(Note:
An owner or operator of a
wood
furniture
coating operation subject to this Section shall apply
all coatings, with the exception of no more than 37.8 1
(10 gal) of coating per day used for touch—up and
repair operations, using one.or more of the following
application systems:
airless spray application system,
air—assisted airless spray application system,
electrostatic spray application system, electrostatic
bell or disc spray application system, heated airless
spray application system,
roller coating, brush or wipe
coating
application
system,
or
dip
coating
application
system.)
in)
Existing
Diesel-Electric
Locomotive
Coating
Lines
in
Cook County
ka!l
lb/gal
1)
Extreme
performance
prime
0.42
(3.5)
coat
2)
Extreme performance top-
0.42
(3.5)
coat (air dried)
3)
Final
repair
coat
0.42
(3.5)
(air
dried)
4)
High-temperature
aluminum
0.72
(6.0)
coating
5)
All
other
coatings
0.36
(3.0)
89
Section 218.205
Daily-Weighted Average Limitations
No
owner
or
operator
of
a
coating
line
subject to the limitations
of
Section 218.204 and complying by means of this Section shall
operate the subject coating line unless the owner or operator has
demonstrated compliance with subsection (a),
(b),
(c),
(d),
(e)
or
(f)
(depending upon the source category) through the
applicable coating analysis test methods and procedures specified
in Section 218.105(a) and the recordkeeping and reporting
requirements specified in Section 218
•
211(d):
a)
No
owner
or
operator
of
a
coating
line
subject
to
only
one of the limitations from among Section
218.204 (a) (1),
(a) (2),
(a) (4),
(C),
(d)
,
(e)
,
(f),
(g)
,
(h),
or
(i)-
shall
apply
coatings
on
any
such
coating
line, during any day, whose daily-weighted average VON
content exceeds the emission limitation to which the
coatings
are
subject.
b)
No
owner
or
operator
of
a
miscellaneous
metal
parts
and
products coating line subject to the limitations of
Section
218.204(j)
shall
apply
coatings
to
miscellaneous
metal
parts
or
products
on
the
subject
coating
line
unless
the
requirements
in
subsection
(b) (1)
or
(b) (2)
below
are
met.
1)
For
each
coating
line
which
applies multiple
coatings, all of which are subject to the same
numerical
emission
limitation
within
Section
218.204(j)
above, during
the
same
day (e.g.,
all
coatings
used
on
the
line
are
subject
to
0.42
kg/i.
3
•
5
lbs/gal),
the
daily-weighted
average
VON
content
shall
not
exceed
the
coating
VON
content
limit
corresponding
to
the
category
of
coating
used,
or
2)
For each coating line
which
applies coatings from
more than one of the
four
coating categories in
Section
218.204
(j)
above,
during
the
same
day,
the
owner
or operator shall have a site—specific
proposal approved by the Agency and approved by
the USEPA as a SIP revision.
To receive approval,
the
requirements
of
USEPA’s
Emissions
Trading
Policy Statement (and related policy) must be
satisfied.
c)
No
owner
or
operator
of
a
can
coating
facility
subject
to
the
limitations
of
Section
215.204(b)
shall
operate
the
subject
coating
facility
using
a
coating
with
a
VON
content
in
excess
of
the
limitations
specified
in
Section
215.204(b)
unless
all
of
the
following
90
requirements
are
met:
1)
An
alternative
daily
emission
limitation
shall
be
determined
according
to
subsection
(C)
(2) below.
Actual daily emissions shall never exceed the
alternative daily emission limitation and shall be
calculated by use of the following equation.
II
Ed
=
1E
V1C1
=1
where:
Ed
=
Actual VON emissions for the day in
units
of
kg/day
(lbs/day),
i
=
Subscript denoting a specific coating
applied,
n
=
Total
number
of
coatings
applied
in
the
can coating operation,
=
Volume
of
each
coating
applied
for
the
day in units of 1/day (gal/day)
of
coating
(minus water and any compounds
which are specifically exempted from the
definition of VON),
and
C~
=
The
VON
content
of
each
coating
as
applied
in
units
of
kg
VON/i.
(lbs
VOM/gal) of coating (minus water and any
compounds which are specifically
exempted from the definition of VON).
2)
The alternative daily emission limitation
(Ad)
shall be determined on a daily basis as follows:
Ads
~
__
1=1
(D~
—
L1)
where:
Ad
=
The VON emissions allowed for the day in
units of kg/day (lbs/day),
i
=
Subscript denoting a specific coating
applied,
n
=
Total
number
of
surface
coatings
applied
in
the
can coating operation,
91
C~
=
The
VON
content
of
each
surface
coating
as
applied
in
units
of
kg
VOl.1/1
(lbs
VON/gal)
of coating (minus water and any
compounds
which
are specifically
exempted from the definition of VON),
D~
=
The
density
of
VON
in
each
coating
applied.
For
the
purposes
of
calculating
Ad,
the density is
0
•
882 kg VOM/1 VON (7.36 lbs VON/gal
VOM),
V1
=
Volume of each surface coating applied
for
the
day
in
units
of
1
(gal)
of
coating (minus water and any compounds
which are specifically exempted from the
definition of VON),
L1
=
The VON emission limitation for each
surface coating applied as specified in
Section 218.204(b)
in units of kg VON/i.
(lbs
VON/gal)
of
coating
(minus
water
and any compounds which are specifically
exempted from the definition of VON).
d)
No owner or operator of a heavy off—bighway.vehicle
products coating line subject to the limitations of
Section 218.204(k) shall apply coatings to heavy
off-highway
vehicle
products
on
the
subject
coating
line
unless
the
requirements
of
subsection
(d) (1)
or
(d) (2)
below
are
met.
1)
For each coating line which applies multiple
coatings, all of which are subject to the same
numerical
emission limitation within Section
218.204(k)
above, during the same day (e.g., all
coatings used on the line are subject to 0.42 kg/i
(3
•
5
lbs/gal),
the
daily—weighted
average
VON
content
shall
not
exceed
the coating VON content
limit
corresponding
to
the
category
of
coating
used,
or
2)
For each coating line which applies coatings
subject
to
more
than
one
numerical
emission
limitation in Section 218.204(k) above, during the
same
day,
the
owner
or
operator
shall
have
a
site
specific
proposal
approved
by
the Agency and
approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision.
To
receive approval, the requirements of USEPA’s
Emissions
Trading
Policy
Statement
(and
related
policy)
must
be
satisfied.
92
e)
No
owner
or
operator
of
a
wood
furniture
coating
line
subject
to
the
limitations
of
Section
218.204(1)
shall
apply
coatings
to
wood
furniture
on
the
subject
coating
line unless the requirements of subsection
(e) (1) or
(e)
(2),
in
addition
to
the
requirements
specified
in
the note to Section 218.204(1), are met.
1)
For
each
coating
line
which
applies
multiple
coatings, all of which are subject to the same
numerical emission liini-tation within Section
218.204(1)
above, during the same day (e.g.,
all
coatings used on the line are subject to 0.67 kg/I
5
•
6 lbs/gal),
the daily—weighted average VON
content
shall
not
exceed
the
coating
VON
content
limit corresponding to the category of coating
used, or
2)
For each coating line which applies coatings
subject to more than one numerical emission
limitation in Section 218.204(1) above, during the
same day, the owner or operator shall have a site
specific
proposal
approved
by
the
Agency
and
approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision.
To
receive
approval,
the
requirements
of
USEPA’s
Emissions Trading Policy Statement
(and related
policy)
must
be
satisfied.
f)
Mo
owner
or
operator
of
an
existing
diesel—electric
locomotive
coating
line
in
Cook
County,
subject
to
the
limitations of Section 218.204(m) shall apply coatings
to
diesel—electric
locomotives
on
the
subject
coating
line unless the requirements of subsection
(b) (1)
or
(b) (2)
are
met.
1)
For
each
coating
line
which
applies
multiple
coatings, all of which are subject to the same
numerical
emission
limitation
within
Section
218
•
204(m)
above, during the same day
(e
•
g.,
all
coatings used on the line are subject to 0.42 kg/l
(3.5 lbs/gal),
the daily-weighted average VON
content shall not exceed the coating VON content
limit corresponding to the category of coating
used,
or
2)
For each coating line which applies coatings
subject to more than one numerical emission
limitation in Section 218.204(m)
above, during the
same day, the owner or operator shall have a site
specific proposal approved by the Agency and
approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision.
To
receive
approval,
the
requirements
of
USEPA’s
93
Emissions Trading Policy Statement (and related
policy) must be satisfied.
Section 218.206
Solids Basis Calculation
Limitations
in
terms
of
kg
fibs)
of VON emissions per 1
(gal) of
solids as applied at each coating applicator shall be determined
by the following equation:
5=:
C
1
-
(C/D)
where:
S
=
The limitation on VON emissions in
terms
of kg VOM/l
(lbs VON/gal) of solids,
C
=
The limitation on VON emissions in terms
of kg/i.
(lbs/gal) of coating
(minus
water and any compounds which are
specifically
excluded
from
the
definition of VON) specified in Section
218.204,
D
=
The density of VON in the coating.
For
the purposes of calculating 5, the
density is 0.882 kg VON/i VON (7
•
36 lbs
VOM/gal VON).
Section 218.207
Alternative Emission Limitations
a)
Any owner or operator of a coating line subject to
Section 218.204 may comply with this Section, rather
than with Section 218.204,
if a capture system and
control device are operated at all times and the owner
or operator demonstrates compliance with BUbsections
(c),
(d),
(e),
(f),
(g)
or
(h)
(depending upon the
source category) through the applicable coating
analysis and capture system and control device
efficiency
test
methods
and
procedures
specified
in
Section
218.105
and
the
recordkeeping
and
reporting
requirements specified in Section 218.211(e); and the
control device is equipped with the applicable
monitoring equipment specified in Section 218.105(d)
and the monitoring equipment is installed,
calibrated,
operated and maintained according to vendor
specifications at all times the control device is in
use.
A
capture
system
and
control
device,
which
does
not
demonstrate
compliance
with
subsection
(c),
(d),
(e),
(f),
(g)
or
(h)
may
be
used
as
an
alternative
to
compliance
with
Section
218.204
only
if
the
alternative
is approved by the Agency and approved by the USEPA as
94
a SIP revision.
b)
Alternative Add-On Control Methodologies
1)
The coating line
is equipped with a capture system
and control device that provides 81 percent
reduction in the overall emissions of VON from the
coating line and the control device has a 90
percent efficiency, or
2)
The system used to control VON from the coating.
line is demonstrated to have an overall efficiency
sufficient to limit VON emissions to no more than
what is allowed under Section 218.204.
Use of any
control
system
other
than
an
afterburner,
carbon
adsorption, condensation, or absorption scrubber
system can be allowed only if approved by the
Agency and approved by the USEPA as a SIP
revision.
The use of transfer efficiency credits
can be allowed only if approved by the Agency and
approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision.
Baseline
transfer
efficiencies
and
transfer
efficiency
test
methods
must
be
approved
by
the
Agency
and
the
USEPA
Such overall efficiency is to be determined as
follows:
A)
obtain the emission limitation from the
appropriate subsection in Section 218.204,
B)
calculate “5” according to the equation in
Section
218.206,
3)
calculate the overall efficiency required
according to Section 218.105(e).
For the purposes
of calculating this value, according to the
equation in Section 218.105(e) (2), VON1 is equal
to the value of “5” as determined above in
subsection
(b) (2) (B).
c)
No owner or operator of a coating line subject to only
one
of
the
emission
limitations
from
among
Section
218.204(a)(l),
(a)(2),
(a)(4),
(c),
(d),
(e),
(f),
(g),
(Ii) or
(i) and equipped with a capture system and
control device shall operate the subject coating line
unless
the
requirements
in
subsection
(b) (1)
or
(b) (2)
above are met.
No owner or operator of a coating line
subject
to
Section
218.204(a)
(3)
and equipped with a
capture system and control device shall operate the
coating line unless the owner or operator demonstrates
compliance with the topcoat limitation in accordance
95
with the topcoat protocol for automobile or light-duty
trucks
referenced in Section 218.105tb).
d)
Mo owner or operator of a miscellaneous metal parts and
products coating line which applies one or more
coatings during the same day, all of which are subject
to the same numerical emission limitation within
Section
218.204(j)
(e.g., all coatings used on the line
are subject to 0.42 kg/l
3.5
lbs/gal),
and
which
is
equipped with a capture system and control device shall
operate the subject coating line unlesB the
requirements
in
subsection
(b)(l) or (b)(2) above are
met.
e)
No owner or operator of a heavy off—highway vehicle
products coating line which applies one or more
coatings during the same day,
all of which are subject
to the same numerical emission limitation within
Section 218.204(k)
(e.g., all coatings used on the line
are subject to 0.42 kg/i
3.5
lbs/gal),
and which is
equipped with a capture system and control device shall
operate the subject coating line unless the
requirements in subsection
(b) (1) or
(b) (2) above are
met.
f)
No owner or operator of an existing diesel—electric
locomotive coating line in Cook County which applies
one or more coatings during the
same
day, all of which
are subject to the same numerical emission limitation
within Section 218.204(m)
(e.g., all coatings used on
the line are subject to 0.42 kg/l
3.5
lbs/gal),
and
which is equipped with a capture system and control
device shall operate the subject coating line unless
the requirements in subsection
(b) (1) or
(b) (2) are
met.
g)
No owner or operator of a wood furniture coating line
which applies one or more coatings during the same day,
all of which are subject to the
same
numerical emission
limitation within Section 218.204(1)
(e.g., all
coatings used on the line are subject to 0.67 kg/l
5.6
lbs/gal)), and which is equipped with a capture system
and control device shall operate the subject coating
line unless the requirements in subsection
(b) (1) or
(b) (2) are met.
If compliance is achieved by meeting
the requirements in subsection
(b) (2), then the
provisions in the note to Section 218.204(1) must also
be met.
h)
No owner or operator of a can coating facility and
equipped with a capture system and control device shall
operate the subject coating facility unless the
96
requirements in subsection
(h) (1) or
(h) (2) below are
met.
1)
An
alternative
daily
emission
l:imitation
shall
be
determined according to Section 218.205(c) (2).
Actual daily emissions shall never exceed the
alternative daily emission limitation and shall be
calculated by use of the following equation:
Ed
=
E Vf
C,
(1—F1)
1=1
where:
Ed
=
Actual VON emissions for the day in
units of kg/day (lbs/day),
i
=
Subscript denoting the specific coating
applied,
n
=
Total number of surface coatings as
applied in the can coating operation,
V1
=
Volume of each coating as applied for
the day in units of 1/day (gal/day)
of
coating (minus water and any compounds
which are specifically exempted from the
definition of VON),
C,
=
The VON content of each coating as
applied in units of kg VON/i (lbs
VON/gal) of coating (minus water and any
compounds which are specifically
exempted from the definition of VON),
and
=
Fraction, by weight, of VON emissions
from the surface coating, reduced or
prevented from being emitted to the
ambient air. This is the overall
efficiency of the capture system and
control device.
2)
The coating line is equipped with a capture system
and control device that provide 75 percent
reduction in the overall emissions of VON from the
coating line and the control device has a 90
percent efficiency.
Section 218.208
Exemptions From Emission Limitations
97
a)
Exemptions for all source categories except wood
furniture
coating.
The
limitations
of
this
Subpart
shall
not
apply
to
coating
lines
within
a
facility,
that
otherwise
would
be
subject
to
the
same
subsection
of
Section
218.204
(because
they
belong
to
the
same
source category,
e.g. can coating), provided that
combined
actual
emissions
of
VON
from
all
lines
at
the
facility subject to that subsection never exceed
6.8 kg/day
(15 lbs/day) before the application of
capture systems and control devices.
(For example, can
coating lines within a plant would not be subject to
the
limitations
of
Section
218.204(b)
if
the
combined
actual emissions of VON from the can coating lines
never exceed 6.8 kg/day
(15 lbs/day) before the
application of capture systems and control devices.)
Volatile organic material emissions from
heavy
off-highway vehicle products coating lines must be
combined with VON emissions from miscellaneous metal
parts and products coating lines to determine
applicability.
Any owner or operator of a coating
facility shall comply with the applicable coating
analysis test methods and procedures specified in
Section 218.105(a)
and the recordkeeping and reporting
requirements specified in Section 218.211(a)
if total
VON emissions from the subject coating lines are always
less than or equal to 6.8 kg/day
(15 lbs/day) before
the application of capture systems and control devices
and, therefore,
are not subject to the limitations of
Section 218.204.
Once a category of coating lines at a
facility is subject to the limitations in Section
218.204, the coating lines are always subject to the
limitations in Section 218.204.
b)
Applicability for wood furniture coating
1)
The limitations of this Subpart shall apply to a
plant’s wood furniture coating lines if the plant
contains process emission sources, not regulated
by Subparts B,
E, F (excluding Section
218.204(1)), H (excluding Section 218.405),
Q,
R,
5,
V,
X,
Y,
or Z of this Part, which as a group
both:
A)
have maximum theoretical emissions of 91 Mg
(100
tons)
or
more
per
calendar
year
of
VON
if
no
air
pollution
control
equipment
were
used,
and
B)
are
not
limited
to
less
than
91
Mg
(100
tons)
of
VON
per
calendar
year
if
no
air
pollution
control equipment were used, through
production
or
capacity
limitations
contained
98
in
a
federally
enforceable
construction
permit or SIP revision.
2)
If a plant ceases to fulfill the criteria of
subsection
(b) (1), the limitations of Section
218.204(1) shall continue to apply to any wood
furniture coating line which was ever subject to
the limitations of Section 218.204(1).
3)
For the purposes of subsection (b), an emission
source shall be considered regulated by a Subpart
if it is subject to the limitations of that
Subpart.
An emission source is not considered
regulated by a Subpart if its emissions are below
the applicability cutoff level or if the source
is
covered by an exemption.
4)
Any owner or operator of a wood furniture coating
line to which the limitations of this Subpart are
not applicable due to the criteria in subsection
(b)
shall, upon request by the Agency or the
USEPA, submit records to the Agency and the USEPA
within 30 calendar days from the date of the
request that document that the coating line is
exempt from the limitations of this Subpart.
Section 218.209
Exemption From General Rule on Use of Organic
Material
No owner or operator of a coating line subject to the limitations
of Section 218.204
is required to meet the limitations of
Subpart
G
(Section
218.301
or
218.302)
of
this
Part,
after
the
date by which the coating line is required to meet Section
218.204.
Section
218.210
Compliance
Schedule
Every owner or operator of a coating line (of a type included
within Section 218.204)
shall comply with the requirements of
Section 218.204, 218.207 or 218.208 and Section 218.211 in
accordance with the appropriate compliance schedule as specified
in subsection
(a),
(b),
(C)
or
(d) below:
a)
No owner or operator of a coating line which is exempt
from
the
limitations
of
Section
218.204
because
of
the
criteria
in
Section
218.208(a)
shall
operate
said
coating line on or after a date consistent with Section
218.106,
unless
the
owner
or
operator
has
complied
with,
and continues to comply with, Section 218.211(b).
Wood furniture coating lines are not subject to Section
218.211(b).
99
b)
No
owner
or
operator
of
a
coating
line
complying
by
means of Section 218.204 shall operate said coating
line on or after a date consistent with Section
218.106, unless the owner or operator has complied
with,
and continues to comply with, Sections 218.204
and 218.211(c).
c)
No owner or operator of a coating line complying by
means of Section 218.205 shall operate said coating
line on or after a date consistent with Section
218.106, unless the owner or operator has complied
with,
and continues to comply with, Sections 218.205
and 218.211(d).
d)
No owner or operator of a coating line complying by
means of Section 218.207 shall operate said coating
line on or after a date consistent with Section
218.106, unless the owner or operator has complied
with, and continues to comply with, Sections 218.207
and 218.211(e).
Section 218.211
Recordkeeping and Reporting
a)
The
VON
content
of
each
coating
and
the
efficiency
of
each
capture
system
and
control
device
shall
be
determined
by
the
applicable
test methods and
procedures
specified
in
Section
218.105
to
establish
the records required under this Section.
b)
Any owner or operator of a coating line which is
exempted from the limitations of Section 218.204
because of Section 218.208(a)
shall comply with the
following:
1)
By
a date consistent with Section 218.106, the
owner or operator of a facility referenced in this
subsection shall certify to the Agency that the
facility is exempt under the provisions of Section
218.208(a).
Such certification shall include:
A)
A declaration that the facility is exempt
from the limitations of Section 218.204
because of Section 218.208(a); and
B)
Calculations which demonstrate that the
combined VON emissions from all coating lines
at the facility never exceed 6.8 kg
(15 ibs)
per day before the application of capture
systems and control devices.
The following
equation shall be used to calculate total VON
emissions:
100
n
Te
=
E
E (A~B1)~
i=1
where:
=
Total VON emissions from
coating
lines
at a facility each day before
the
application of capture systems and
control devices in units of kg/day
(lbs/day),
m
=
Number of coating lines at the
facility,
=
Subscript denoting an individual
coating line,
n
=
Number of different coatings as
applied each day on each coating
line at the facility,
i
=
Subscript denoting an individual
coating,
A1
=
Weight of VON
per
volume of each coating
(minus water
and
any compounds which are
specifically exempted from the
definition of
VON)
as applied each day
on each coating line at the facility in
units of kg VON/i
(lbs VOM/gal),
and
B1
=
Volume of each coating (minus water and
any compounds
which
are specifically
exempted from the definition of VON) as
appried each day on each coating line at
the
facility in units of 1/day
(gal/day).
The
instrument or method by
which the owner or operator accurately
measured or calculated the volume of
each coating as applied on each coating
line each day shall be described in the
certification to
the
Agency.
2)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106,
the owner or operator of a facility
referenced in this
subsection shall collect and
record all of the following information each day
for each coating line and maintain the information
at the facility for a period of three years:
A)
The name and identification number of each
10.
coating
as
applied
on
each
coating
line.
B)
The weight of VON per volume and the volume
of
each
coating
(minus
water
and
any
compounds which are specifically exempted
from the definition of VON)
as applied each
day
on
each
coating
line.
3)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, the owner or operator of a facility
exempted from the limitations of Section 218.204
because of Section 218.208(a) shall notify the
Agency of any record showing that total VON
emissions from the coating facility exceed 6.8 kg
(15 lbs)
in any day before the application of
capture systems and control devices by sending a
copy of such record to the Agency within 3Q days
after the exceedance occurs.
C)
Any owner or operator of a coating line subject to the
limitations of Section 218.204 and complying by means
of Section 218.204 shall comply with the following:
1)
By a date consistent with Section 218.106, or upon
initial start—up of a new coating line, or upon
changing the method of compliance from an existing
subject coating line from Section 218.205 or
Section 218.207 to Section 218.204; the owner or
operator of a subject coating line shall certify
to the Agency that the coating line will be in
compliance with Section 218.204 on and after a
date consistent with Section 218.106, or on and
after the initial start-up date.
Such
certification shall include:
A)
The name and identification number of each
coating as applied on each coating line.
B)
The weight of VON per volume of each coating
(minus water and any compounds which are
specifically exempted from the definition of
VON) as applied each day on each coating
line.
C)
For coating lines subject to Section
218.204(a) (3), certification shall include:
i)
The name and identification number of
each coating line which will comply by
means of Section 218.204 (a) (3),
ii)
The name and identification number of
102
each
coating
as
applied
on
each
coating
line,
iii) The weight of VOM per volume of each
coating as applied on each coating line
iv)
The instrument or method by which the
owner or operator will accurately
measure or calculate the volume of each
coating as applied each day on each
coating line,
v)
The method by which
the
owner
or
operator will create and maintain
records each day as required in
subsection
(C)
(2) below for coating
lines subject to Section 218.204(a) (3),
vi)
An example format in which the records
required in subsection
(c) (2) below for
coating lines subject to Section
218.204 (a) (3).
2)
On
and
after
a
date
consistent
with Section
218.106, or on and after the initial start-up
date, the owner or operator of a coating line
subject to the limitations of Section 218.204 and
complying by means of Section 218.204 shall
collect and record all of the following
information each day for each coating line and
maintain the information at the facility for
a
period of three years:
A)
The name and identification number of each
coating as applied on each coating line.
B)
The weight of VOM per volume of each coating
(minus water and any compounds which are
specifically exempted from the definition of
VON)
as applied each day on each coating
line.
C)
For coating lines subject to Section
218.204(a) (3), the owner or operator shall
maintain all records necessary to calculate
the daily-weighted average VON content from
the coating line in accordance with the
proposal submitted,
and approved by the
USEPA, pursuant to Section 218.204(a) (3).
3)
On
and
after
a
date
consistent
with
Section
218.106, the owner or operator of a subject
103
coating line shall notify the Agency in the
following
instances:
A)
Any record showing violation of Section
218.204 shall be reported by sending a copy
of such record to the Agency within 30 days
following the occurrence of the violation,
except that any record showing a violation of
Section 218.204 (a) (3) shall be reported by
sending a copy of such record to the Agency
within 15 days from the end of the month in
which the violation occurred.
B)
At least 30 calendar days before changing the
method of compliance with Section 218.204
from Section 218.204 to Section 218.205 or
Section 218.207, the owner or operator shall
comply with all requirements of subsection
(d) (1) or
(e) (1)
below, respectively.
Upon
changing the method of compliance with
Section 218.204 from Section 218.204 to
Section 218.205 or Section 218.207, the owner
or operator shall comply with all
requirements of subsection
(d) or
(e),
respectively.
C)
For coating lines subject to Section
218.204(a) (3), the owner or operator shall
notify
the
Agency
of
any
change
to
the
topcoating operation at least 30 days before
the change is effected.
The Agency shall
determine
whether
or
not
recertification
testing is required.
If the Agency
determines that recertification testing is
required, then the owner or operator shall
submit a proposal to the Agency to test
within 30 days and retest within 30 days of
the Agency’s approval of the proposal.
d)
Any
owner
or
operator
of
a
coating
line
subject
to
the
limitations
of
Section
218.204
and
complying
by
means
of Section 218.205 shall comply with the following:
1)
By a date consistent with Section 218.106, or upon
initial start-up of a new coating line, or upon
changing the method of compliance for an existing
subject
coating
line
from
Section
218.204
or
Section 218.207 to Section 218.205; the owner or
operator of the subject coating line shall certify
to
the
Agency
that
the
coating
line
will
be
in
compliance with Section 218.205 on and after a
date consistent with Section 218.106, or on and
104
after
the
initial
start-up
date.
Such
certification
shall
include:
A)
The
name
and
identification
number of each
coating line which will comply by means of
Section 218.205.
B)
The name and identification
number
of
each
coating as applied on each coating line.
C)
The
weight
of
VON
per
volume
and
the
volume
of each coating (minus water and any
compounds
which
are
specifically
exempted
from the definition of VON) as applied each
day on each coating line.
D)
The instrument or method by which the owner
or operator will accurately measure or
calculate
the
volume
of
each
coating
as
applied each day on each coating line.
E)
The
method
by
which
the
owner
or
operator
will create and maintain records each day as
required in subsection
(d) (2).
F)
An
example
of
the
format
in
which
the
records
required
in
subsection
(d) (2)
will
be
kept.
2)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, or on and after the initial start-up
date,
the owner or operator of a coating line
subject to the limitations of Section 218.204 and
complying by means of Section 218.205,
shall
collect and record all of the following
information
each
day
for
each
coating
line
and
maintain the information at the facility for a
period
of
three
years:
A)
The
name
and
identification
number
of
each
coating as applied on each coating line.
B)
The
weight
of
VON per volume and the
volume
of
each
coating
(minus
water
and
any
compounds which are specifically exempted
from
the
definition
of
VON)
as
applied
each
day on each coating line.
C)
The
daily-weighted
average
VON
content
of
all
coatings as applied on each coating line as
defined in Section 218.104.
3)
On
and
after
a
date
consistent
with
Section
105
218.106,
the
owner
or
operator
of
a
subject
coating line shall notify the Agency in the
following
instances:
A)
Any
record
showing
violation
of
Section
218.205 shall be reported by sending
a copy
of such record to the Agency within 30 days
following the occurrence of the violation.
B)
At least 30 calendar days before changing the
method
of
compliance
with this subpart from
Section 218.205 to Section 218.204 or Section
218.207, the owner or operator shall comply
with all requirements of subsection
(c) (1) or
(e) (1), respectively.
Upon changing the
method of compliance with this subpart from
Section 218.205 to Section 218.204 or Section
218.207, the owner or operator shall Ooiuply
with all requirements of subsection
(c) or
(e), respectively.
e)
Any owner or operator of a coating line subject to the
limitations of Section 218.207 and complying by means
of
Section
218.207(c),
(d),
(e),
(f),
(g)
or
(h)
shall
comply
with
the
following:
1)
By
a
date
consistent
with
Section
218.106,
or
upon
initial
start-up
of
a
new
coating
line,
or
upon
changing the method of compliance for an existing
coating line from Section 218.204 or Section
218.205
to
Section
218.207,
the
owner
or
operator
of the subject coating line shall perform all
tests
and
submit
to
the
Agency
the
results
of
all
tests and calculations necessary to demonstrate
that the subject coating line will be in
compliance with Section 218.207 on and after a
date consistent with Section 218.106, or on and
after the initial start-up date.
2)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106,
or
on
and
after
the initial
start—up
date,
the owner or operator of a coating line
subject
to
the
limitations
of
Section
218.207
and
complying by means of Section 218.207(c),
(d),
(e),
(f),
(g), or
(h) shall collect and record all
of the following information each day for each
coating
line
and
maintain
the
information
at
the
facility for a period of three years:
A)
The weight of VON per volume of coating
solids
as
applied
each
day
on
each
coating
line,
if complying pursuant to Section
106
218.207(b) (2).
B)
Control
device
monitoring
data.
C)
A
log
of
operating
time
for
the
capture
system,
control device, monitoring equipment
and the associated coating line.
D)
A
maintenance
log for the capture system,
control device and monitoring equipment
detailing all routine and non—routine
maintenance performed including dates and
duration
of
any
outages.
3)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, the owner or operator of a subject
coating line shall notify the Agency in the
following instances:
A)
Any
record showing violation of Section
218.207 shall be reported by sending a copy
of such record to the Agency within 30 days
following the occurrence of the violation.
B)
At least 30 calendar days before changing the
method of compliance with this Subpart from
Section 218.207 to Section 218.204 or Section
218.205, the owner or operator shall comply
with all requirements of subsection
(c) (1)
or
(d) (1)
of this Section, respectively.
Upon
changing the method of compliance with this
subpart
from
Section
218.207
to
Section
218.204 or Section 218.205, the owner or
operator shall comply with all requirements
of subsection
(c) or
(d)
of this Section,
respectively.
SUBPART
G:
USE
OF
ORGANIC
MATERIAL
Section
218.301
Use
of
Organic
Material
No person shall cause or allow the discharge of more than 3.6
kg/hr
(8 lbs/hr) of organic material into the atmosphere from any
emission source, except as provided in Sections 218.302,
218.303,
218.304 and the following exception:
If no odor nuisance exists
the limitation of this Subpart shall apply only to
photochemically reactive material.
Section 218.302
Alternative Standard
Emissions of organic material in excess of those permitted by
Section 218.301 are allowable if such emissions are controlled by
107
one of the following methods:
a)
Flame, thermal or catalytic incineration so as either
to reduce such emissions to 10 ppm equivalent methane
(molecular
weight
16)
or
less,
or
to
convert
85
percent
of the hydrocarbons to carbon dioxide and water;
or,
b)
A vapor recovery system which adsorbs and/or condenses
at least 85 percent of the total uncontrolled organic
material that would otherwise be emitted to the
atmosphere;
or,
c)
Any other air pollution control equipment approved by
the Agency and approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision
capable of reducing by 85 percent or more the
uncontrolled organic material that would be otherwise
emitted to the atmosphere.
Section 218.303
Fuel
Combustion
Emission
Sources
The provisions of Sections 218.301 and 218.302 shall not apply to
fuel combustion emission sources.
Section 218.304
Operations with Compliance Program
The provisions of Sections 218.301 and 218.302 shall not apply to
any owner, operator, user or manufacturer of paint,
varnish,
lacquer, coatings or printing ink whose compliance program and
project completion schedule, as required by 35 Ill. Adm. Code
201, provided for the reduction of organic material used in such
process to 20 percent or less of total volume by May 30,
1977.
SUBPART
H:
PRINTING
AND
PUBLISHING
Section 218.401
Flexographic and Rotogravure Printing
a)
No owner or operator of-a subject flexographic,
packaging
rotogravure
or
publication
rotogravure
printing line shall apply at any time any coating or
ink unless the VON content does not exceed the
limitation specified in either subsection
(a) (1) or
(a) (2) below.
Compliance with this Section must be
demonstrated through the applicable coating or ink
analysis test methods and procedures specified in
Section 218.105(a) and the recordkeeping and reporting
requirements specified in Section 218.404
(C).
As an
alternative to compliance with this subsection,
a
subject printing line may meet the requirements of
subsection
(b)
or
(c)
below.
1)
Forty
percent
VON
by
volume
of
the
coating
and
ink
(minus water and any compounds which are
108
specifically exempted from the definition of VON),
or
2)
Twenty-five
percent
VOM
by
volume
of
the
volatile
content in the coating and
ink
b)
No owner or operator of a subject flexographic,
packaging rotogravure or publication rotogravure
printing line shall apply coatings or inks on the
subject
printing
line
unless
the
weighted
average,
by
volume, VON content of all coatings and inks as applied
each day on the subject printing line does not exceed
the limitation specified
in
either subsection
(a) (1)
(as determined by subsection
(b) (1)) or subsection
(a) (2)
(as determined by subsection
(b) (2)).
Compliance
with
this
subsection
must
be
demonstrated
through the applicable coating or
ink
analysis test
methods and procedures specified in Section 218.105(a)
and the recordkeeping and reporting requirements
specified in Section 218.404(d).
1)
The
following
equation
shall
be
used
to
determine
if
the
weighted
average
VON
content
of
all
coatings and inks as applied each day on the
subject
printing
line
exceeds
the
limitation
specified
in
subsection
(a)
(1).
I,
E
C1L1
(Vii
+
V~OMi)
i=1.
VON(i) (A)
=
_________________________
L~(V~i~
+
VvOMi)
=1
Where:
VON~i)(A)
=
The weighted average VON content in
units of percent VON by volume of
all coatings and inks
(minus water
and any compounds which are
specifically exempted from the
definition of VON) used each day,
i
=
Subscript denoting a specific
coating or ink as applied,
The number of different coatings
and/or inks as applied each day on
a printing line,
C1
=
The
VON
content
in
units
of
percent
109
VON by volume of each coating or
ink
as applied (minus water and any
compounds
which
are
specifically
exempted
from
the
definition
of
VON),
L1
=
The liquid volume of each coating
or ink as applied in units of 1
(gal),
V1i
=
The volume fraction of solids in
each
coating
or
ink
as
applied,
and
V~OMi
=
The volume fraction of VON in each
coating or ink as applied.
2)
The following equation shall be used to
determine
if
the
weighted
average
VON
content
of
all
coatings and inks as applied each day on the
subject printing line exceeds the limitation
specified in subsection
(a) (2).
n
E
C~L~VVMi
VOM(i) (B)
=
__________
n
•Z
L1V~Mi
1=1
where:
VOM(i) (B)
=
The weighted average VON content in
units of percent VON by volume of
the volatile content of all
-
coatings and inks used each day,
i
=
Subscript denoting a specific
coating or ink as applied,
n
=
The number of different coatings
and/or inks as applied each day on
each printing line,
C1
=
The VON content in units of percent
VON by volume of the volatile
matter in each coating or ink as
applied,
L~
=
The liquid volume of each coating
or ink as applied in units of 1
(gal), and
110
VVMi
=
The volume fraction of volatile
matter in each coating or ink as
applied.
c)
No
owner or operator of a subject flexographic,
packaging
rotogravure
or
publication
rotogravure
printing
line
equipped
with
a
capture
system
and
control device shall operate the subject printing line
unless the owner or operator meets the requirements in
subsection
(c) (1),
(C)
(2), or
(c) (3) and subsections
(c)(4),
(c)(5)
and (c)(6) below.
1)
A
carbon
adsorption
system
is
used
which
reduces
the captured VON emissions by at least 90 percent
by weight, or
2)
An incineration system is used which reduces the
captured VON emissions by at least 90 percent by
weight, or
3)
An alternative VON emission reduction system is
used which is demonstrated to have at least a
90 percent control device efficiency, approved by
the Agency and approved by USEPA as a SIP
revision, and
4)
The printing line is equipped with a capture
system
and
control
device
that
provides
an
overall
reduction in VON emissions of at least:
A)
75 percent where a publication rotogravure
printing line is employed, or
B)
65 percent where a packaging rotogravure
printing
line
is
employed,
or
C)
60 percent where aflexographic printing line
is employed, and
4)
The control device is equipped with the applicable
monitoring equipment specified in Section
218.105(d) (2) and the monitoring equipment is
installed, calibrated,
operated and maintained
according to vendor specifications at all times
the control device is in use, and
5)
The capture system and control device are operated
at all times when the subject printing line is in
operation.
The owner or operator shall
demonstrate compliance with this subsection by
using the applicable capture system and control
device test methods and procedures specified in
ill
Section
218.105(c)
through
Section
218.105(f)
and
by
complying
with
the
recordkeeping
and
reporting
requirements specified in Section 218.404(e).
Section 218.402
Applicability
a)
The limitations of Section 218.401 apply to all
flexographic and rotogravure printing lines at a
subject
facility.
All
facilities
with
flexographic
and/or
rotogravure
printing
lines
are
subject
facilities
unless:
1)
Total maximum theoretical emissions of VOM from
all flexographic and rotogravure printing line(s)
at the facility never exceed 90.7 Mg (100 tons)
per calendar year before the application of
capture systems and control devices, or
2)
A federally enforceable construction permit or SIP
revision for all flexographic and rotogravure
printing
line(s)
at
a
facility
requires
the
owner
or
operator
to
limit
production
or
capacity
of
these printing line(s) to reduce total VON
emissions
from
all
flexographic
and
rotogravure
printing
line(s)
to
90.7
Mg
(100
tons)
or
less
per
calendar year before the application of capture
systems
and
control
devices.
b)
Upon achieving compliance with this Subpart, the
emission source is not required to meet Subpart G
(Sections
218.301
or
218.302).
Emission
sources
exempt
from
this
Subpart
are
subject
to
Subpart
G
(Sections
218
•
301 or 215.802).
Rotogravure or flexographic
equipment used for both roll printing and paper coating
is subject to this Subpart.
C)
Once subject to the limitations of Section 218.401,
a
flexographic
or
rotogravure
printing
line
is
always
subject to the limitations of Section 218.401.
d)
Any owner or operator of any flexographic or
rotogravure
printing
line
that
is
exempt
from
the
limitations of Section 218.401 because of the criteria
in this Section is subject to the recordkeeping and
reporting requirements specified in Section 218.404(b).
Section 218.403
Compliance Schedule
Every owner or operator of a flexographic and/or rotogravure
printing line shall comply with the applicable requirements of
Section 218.401 and Section 218.404 in accordance with the
applicable
compliance
schedule
specified
in
subsection
(a),
(b),
112
(c) or
(d)
below:
a)
No owner or operator of a flexographic or rotogravure
printing line which is exempt from the limitations of
Section 218.401 because of the criteria in Section
218.402 shall operate said printing line on or after a
date consistent with Section 218.106, unless the owner
or operator has complied with, and continues to comply
with, Section 218.404(b).
b)
No owner or operator of a flexographic or rotogravure
printing line complying by means of Section 218.401(a)
shall
operate
said
printing
line
on
or
after
a
date
consistent
with
Section
218.106,
unless
the
owner
or
operator has complied with, and continues to comply
with,
Section
218.401(a)
and
Section
218.404(c)...
c)
No owner or operator of a flexographic or rotogravure
printing line complying by means of Section 218.401(b)
shall
operate
said
printing
line
on
or
after
a
date
consistent with Section 218.106, unless the owner or
operator
has
complied
with,
and
continues
to
comply
with,
Section
218.401(b)
and
Section
218.404(d).
d)
No owner or operator of a flexographic or rotogravure
printing line complying by means of Section 218.401(c)
shall operate said printing line on or after a date
consistent
with
Section
218.106,
unless
the
owner
or
operator
has
complied
with,
and
continues
to
comply
with,
Section
218.401(c)
and
Section
218.404(e).
Section
2 18.404
Recordkeeping
and
Reporting
a)
The VOM content of each coating and ink and the
efficiency
of
eachcapture
system
and
control
device
shall
be
determined
by
the
applicable
test
methods
and
procedures specified in Section 218.105 to establish
the records required under this Section.
b)
Any owner or operator of a printing line which is
exempted from the limitations of Section 218.401
because of the criteria in Section 218.402 shall comply
with the following:
1)
By a date consistent with Section 218.106, the
owner
or
operator
of
a
facility
to
which
this
subsection
is
applicable
shall
certify
to
the
Agency that the facility is exempt under the
provisions
of
Section
218.402.
Such
certification
shall include:
A)
A declaration that the facility is exempt
113
from
the
limitations
of
the
criteria
in
Section
218.401
because
of~Section
218.402,
and
B)
Calculations which demonstrate that total
maximum
theoretical
emissions
of
VON
from
all
flexographic and rotogravure printing lines
at the facility never exceed 90.7 Mg
(100 tons) per calendar year before the
application of capture systems and control
devices.
Total maximum theoretical emissions
of VOM for a flexographic or rotogravure
printing facility is the sum of maximum
theoretical emissions of VON from each
flexographic and rotogravure printing line at
the facility.
The following equation shall
be used to calculate total maximum
theoretical emissions of VON per calendar
year before the application of capture
systems and control devices for each
flexographic and rotogravure printing line at
the facility:
E~=
AxB
where:
=
Total maximum theoretical emissions of
VON from one flexographic or rotogravure
printing line in units of kg/year
(lbs/year),
A
=
Weight of VON per volume of solids of
the
coating
or
ink
with
the
highest
VON
content as applied each year on the
printing line in units of kg VON/i
(lbs
VON/gal)
-
of coating or ink solids, and
B
=
Total
volume
of
solids
for
all
coatings
and inks that can potentially be applied
each year on the printing line in units
of 1/year (gal/year).
The instrument
and/or method by which the owner or
operator accurately measured or
calculated the volume of each coating
and ink as applied and the
amount
that
can potentially be applied each year on
the printing line shall be described in
the certification to the Agency.
2)
On and after a date consistent with Section
114
218.106,
the
owner
or
operator
of
a
facility
referenced
in
this
subsection
shall
collect
and
record all of the following information each year
for
each
printing
line
and
maintain
the
information
at
the
facility
for
a
period
of
three
years:
A)
The name and identification number of each
coating and ink as applied on each printing
line.
B)
The VON content and the volume of each
coating and
ink
as applied each year on each
printing line.
3)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106,
the
owner
or
operator
of
a
facility
exempted from the limitations of Section 218.401
because of the criteria in Section 218.402 shall
notify
the
Agency
of
any
record
showing
that
total
maximum
theoretical
emissions
of
VON
from
all
printing
lines
exceed
90.7
Mg (100 tons)
in any
calendar year before the application of capture
systems
and
control
devices
by
sending
a
copy
of
such record to the Agency within 30 days after the
exceedance occurs.
c)
Any
owner or operator of a printing line subject to the
limitations
of
Section
218.401
and
complying
by
means
of Section 218.401(a)
shall comply with the following:
1)
By a date consistent with Section 218.106, or upon
initial
start-up
of
a
new printing
line,
or
upon
changing the method of compliance from an existing
subject
printing
line
from
Section
218.401(b)
or
Section
218.401(c)
to
Section
218.401(a),
the
owner or operator of a subject printing line shall
certify to the Agency that the printing line will
be
in
compliance
with
Section
218.401(a)
on
and
after a date consistent with Section 218.106, or
on and after the initial start-up date.
Such
certification shall include:
A)
The name and identification number of each
coating and ink as applied on each printing
line.
B)
The VOM content of each coating and ink as
applied
each
day
on
each
printing
line.
2)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106,
or
on
and
after
the
initial
start-up
115
date,
the
owner
or
operator
of
a
printing
line
subject to the limitations of Section 218401 and
complying by means of Section 218.401(a)
shall
collect and record all of the following
information
each
day
for
each
coating
line
and
maintain the information at the facility for a
period of three years:
A)
The
name
and
identification
number
of
each
coating and
ink
as applied on each printing
line.
B)
The VON content of each coating and ink as
applied each day on each printing line.
3)
On
and
after
a
date
consistent
with
Section
218.106,
the
owner
or
operator
of
a
subject
printing
line
shall
notify
the
Agency
in
the
following
instances:
A)
Any record showing violation of Section
218.401(a)
shall be reported by sending a
copy
of
such
record
to
the
Agency
within
30
days following the occurrence of the
violation.
B)
At
least
30
calendar
days
before
changing
the
method of compliance with Section 218.401
from
Section
218.401(a)
to
Section
218.401(b)
or
(C),
the
owner
or
operator
shall
comply
with
all
requirements
of
subsection
(b) (1)
or
(C)
(1), respectively.
Upon changing the
method
of
compliance
with
Section
218.401
from
Section
218.401(a)
to
Section
218.401(b)
or
(c),
the
owner
or
operator
shall
comply
with
all
requirements
of
subsection
(b)
or
(c), respectively.
d)
Any
owner
or
operator
of
a
printing
line
subject
to
the
limitations
of
Section
218.401
and
complying
by
means
of Section 218.401(b) shall comply with the following:
1)
By
a
date
consistent
with
Section
218.106,
or
upon
initial start-up of a new printing line,
or upon
changing the method of compliance for an existing
subject
printing
line
from
Section
218.401(a)
or
(C)
to Section 218.401(b), the owner or operator
of the subject printing line shall certify to the
Agency that the printing line will be in
compliance
with
Section
218.401(b)
on
and
after
a
date consistent with Section 218.106, or on and
after
the
initial
start-up
date.
Such
116
certification
shall
include:
A)
The name and identification number of each
printing
line
which
will
comply
by
means
of
Section 218.401(b).
B)
The name and identification number of each
coating and ink available for use on each
printing line.
C)
The VON content of each coating and ink as
applied each day on each printing line.
D)
The
instrument
or
method
by
which
the
owner
or operator will accurately measure or
calculate
the
volume
of
each
coating
and
ink
as applied each day on each printing )ine.
E)
The method by which the owner or operator
will create and maintain records each day as
required
in
subsection
(b)(2).
F)
An
example
of
the
format
in
which
the
records
required
in
subsection
(b)(2)
will
be
kept.
2)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, or on and after the initial start-up
date,
the
owner
or
operator
of
a
printing
line
subject
to
the
limitations
of
Section
218.401
and
complying
by
means
of
Section
218.401(b)
shall
collect
and
record
all
of
the
following
information
each
day
for
each
printing
line
and
maintain the information at the facility for a
period of three years:
A)
The
name
and
identification
number of each
coating and ink as applied on each printing
line.
B)
The VON content and the volume of each
coating and ink as applied each day on each
printing line.
C)
The daily-weighted average VON content of all
coatings and inks as applied on each printing
line.
3)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, the owner or operator of a subject
printing
line
shall
notify
the
Agency
in
the
following
instances:
117
A)
Any
record
showing
violation
of
Section
218.401(b)
shall be reported by sending a
copy of such record to the Agency within 30
days
following
the
occurrence
of
the
violation.
B)
At least 30 calendar days before changing the
method of compliance with Section 218.401
from
Section
218.401(b)
to
Section
218.401(a)
or 218.401(c), the owner or operator shall
comply with all requirements of subsection
(C)
(1) or
(e) (1), respectively.
Upon
changing the method of compliance with
Section
218.401
from
Section
218.401(b)
to
Section
218.401(a)
or
(c),
the
owner
or
operator shall comply with all requirements
of
subsection
(c)
or
(e),
respectively.
e)
Any
owner
or
operator
of
a
printing
line
subject
to
the
limitations
of
Section
218.401
and
complying
by
means
of
Section
218.401(c)
shall
comply
with
the
following:
1)
By a date consistent with Section 218.106, or upon
initial
start-up
of
a
new
printing
line,
or
upon
changing the method of compliance for an existing
printing
line
from
Section
218.401(a)
or
(b)
to
Section 218.401(c), the owner or operator of the
subject
printing
line
shall
perform
all
tests
and
submit
to
the
Agency
the
results
of
all
tests
and
calculations necessary to demonstrate that the
subject
printing
line
will
be
in
compliance
with
Section
218.401(c)
on
and
after
a
date
consistent
with
Section
218.106,
or
on
and
after
the
initial
start-up
date.
2)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, or on and after the initial start-up
date, the owner or operator of a printing line
subject
to
the
limitations
of
Section
218.401
and
complying by means of Section 218.401(c) shall
collect
and
record
all
of
the
following
information
each
day
for
each
printing
line
and
maintain the information at the facility for a
period of three years:
A)
Control
device
monitoring
data.
B)
A
log
of
operating
time
for
the
capture
system,
control
device,
monitoring
equipment
and the associated printing line.
C)
A
maintenance
log
for
the
capture
system,
118
control
device
and
monitoring
equipment
detailing all routine and non-routine
maintenance performed including dates and
duration of any outages.
3)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, the owner or operator of a subject
printing
line
shall
notify
the
Agency
in
the
following
instances:
A)
Any record showing violation of Section
218.401(c), shall be reported by sending a
copy of such record to the Agency within 30
days
following
the
occurrence
of
the
violation.
B)
At least 30 calendar days before changing the
method of compliance with Section 218.401
from
Section
218.401(c)
to
Section
218.401(a)
or
(b), the owner or ‘operator shall comply
with all requirements of subsection
(c) (1)
or
(d) (1), respectively.
Upon changing the
method
of
compliance
with
Section
218.401
from
Section
218.401(c)
to
Section
218.401(a)
or
(b), the owner or operator shall comply
with
all
requirements
of
subsection
(c)
or
(d),
respectively.
Section 218.405
Heatset—Web-Offeet Lithographic Printing
a)
Applicability
1)
The
limitations
of
subsection
(b) below apply to
all
heatset—web-of feet
lithographic
printing
lines
at
a
subject
facility.
All
facilities
with
heatset-web-offset
lithographic
printing
lines
are
subject
facilities
unless:
A)
Total maximum theoretical emissions of VON
from
all
heatset-web—offset
lithographic
printing lines at the facility never exceed
90.7 Mg (100 tons) per calendar year in the
absence of air pollution control equipment,
or
B)
A federally enforceable construction permit
or SIP revision for all heatset—web-offset
lithographic printing lines(s) at a facility
requires the owner or operator to limit
production or capacity of these printing
line(s) to reduce total VON emissions from
all heatset-web-offset lithographic printing
119
line(s)
to
90.7
Mg
(100
tons)
per
calendar
year or less in the absence of air pollution
control equipment, and
2)
Any owner or operator of any heatset—web-offeet
lithographic printing line that is exempt from the
limitations in subsection
(b) because of the
criteria
in
subsection
(a) (1)
shall
be
subject
to
the
recordkeeping
and
reporting
requirements
in
subsection
(C)
(1).
b)
Specific
Provisions.
No
owner
or
operator
of
a
subject
heatset-web- offset printing line may cause or allow
the operation of the subject heatset—web-offeet
printing
line
unless
the
owner
or
operator
meets
the
requirements
in
subsection
(b) (1)
or
(b) (2)
and
the
requirements
in
subsections
(b) (3)
and
(b) (4)
below.
1)
An afterburner system is installed and operated
that
reduces
90
percent
of
the
VON
emissions
from
the
dryer
exhaust,
or
2)
The fountain solution contains no more than
8
percent,
by
weight,
of
VON
and
a
condensation
recovery system is installed and operated that
removes at least 75 percent of the non—isopropyl
alcohol
organic
materials
from
the
dryer
exhaust,
and
3)
The
control
device
is
equipped
with
the
applicable
monitoring equipment specified in Section
218.105(d)
(2)
and
the
monitoring
equipment
is
installed, calibrated, operated and maintained
according to vendor specifications at all times
the control device is in use, and
4)
The control device is operated at all times when
the subject printing line is in operation.
The
owner or operator shall demonstrate compliance
with
this
Section
by
using
the
applicable
test
methods
and
procedures
specified
in
Section
218.105(a),
(d), and
(f) and by complying with the
recordkeeping and reporting requirements specified
in
subsection
(C)
below.
c)
Recordkeeping and Reporting.
The VON content of each
fountain
solution
and
ink
and
the
efficiency
of
each
control
device
shall
be
determined
by
the
applicable
test
methods
and
procedures
specified
in
Section
218.105
to
establish
the
records
required
under
this
subsection.
120
1)
Any
owner
or
operator
of
a
printing
line
which
is
exempted
from
the
limitations
of
subsection
(b)
because of the criteria in subsection
(a)
shall
comply with the following:
A)
By a date consistent with Section 218.106,
the owner or operator of a facility to which
subsection
(c) (1)
is applicable shall certify
to the Agency that the facility is exempt
under the provisions of subsection (a).
Such
certification shall include:
i)
A declaration that the facility is
exempt from the limitations of
subsection
(b) because of the criteria
in subsection
(a), and
ii)
Calculations
which
demonstrate
that
total maximum theoretical emissions of
VON
from
all
heatset-web-offset
lithographic printing lines at the
facility never exceed 90.7 Mg (100 tons)
per calendar year before the application
of
air
pollution
control
equipment.
Total
maximum
theoretical
emissions
of
VON for a heatset-web-offeet
lithographic printing facility is the
sum
of
maximum
theoretical
emissions
of
VOM from each heatset-web-offeet
lithographic printing line at the
facility.
The following equation shall
be used to calculate total maximum
theoretical emissions of VON per
calendar year in the absence of air
pollution control equipment for each
heatset-web-offset
lithographic
printing
line
at
the
facility.
E
=
(A x B)
+
(C
x
D~
p
100
where:
=
Total maximum theoretical emissions
of
VOM
from
one
heatset—web—of feet
printing line in units of kg/year
(lbs/year),
A
=
Weight of VON per volume of solids
of ink with the highest VON content
as applied each year on the
printing
line in units of kg VON/i
121
(lbs
VON/gal)
of
solids,
and
B
=
Total volume of solids for all inks
that can potentially be applied
each year on the printing line in
units of 1/year (gal/year).
The
instrument
or
method by which
the
owner
or
operator
accurately
measured or calculated the volume
of each ink as applied and the
amount that can potentially be
applied each year on the printing
line shall be described in the
certification to the Agency.
C
=
The weight percent VON of the
fountain solution with the highest
VOM content.
D
=
The
total
volume
of
fountain
solution that can potentially be
used each year on the printing line
in units of 1/year (gal/year).
The
instrument and/or method by which
the owner or operator accurately
measured or calculated the volume
of each fountain solution used and
the amount that can potentially be
used
each
year
on
the
printing
line
shall
be
described
in
the
certification to the Agency.
B)
On
and
after
a
date
consistent
with
Section
218.106,
the
owner
or
operator
of
a
facility
to
which
subsection
(c)
(1)
is
applicable
shall collect and record all of the following
information
each
year
for
each
printing
line
and
maintain
the
information
at
the
facility
for a period of three years:
i)
The
name and identification of each
fountain solution and ink as applied on
each printing line.
ii)
The
VON
content
and
the volume of each
fountain solution and ink as applied
each year on each printing line.
C)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106,
the
owner
or
operator
of
a
facility
exempted
from
the
limitations
of
subsection
(b)
because
of
the
criteria
in
subsection
(a)
122
shall
notify
the
Agency
of
any
record
showing
that total maximum theoretical emissions of
VON
from
all
printing
lines
exceed
90.7
Mg
(100 tons)
in any calendar. year in the
absence of air pollution control equipment by
sending a copy of such record to the Agency
within 30 days after the exceedance occurs.
2)
Any owner or operator of a printing line subject
to the limitations of subsection
(b) and complying
by means of subsection
(b) (1)
shall comply with
the
following:
A)
By
a
date
consistent
with
Section
218.106,
or
upon
initial
start-up
of
a
new printing
line,
or
upon
changing
the
method
of
compliance
for
an existing printing line from subsection
(b)(2) to subsection (b)(1); the owner or
operator of the subject printing line shall
perform all tests and submit to the Agency
the results of all tests and calculations
necessary to demonstrate that the subject
printing line will be in compliance with
subsection
(b) (1) on and after a date
consistent with Section 218.106, or on and
after
the
initial
start-up
date.
B)
On
and
after
a
date
consistent
with
Section
218.106, or on and after the initial start-up
date,
the owner or operator of a printing
line subject to the limitations of subsection
(b) and complying by means of subsection
(b) (1)
shall collect and record the following
information
each day for each printing line
and maintain the information at the facility
for a period of three years:
i)
Control
device
monitoring
data.
ii)
A
log
of operating time for the control
device, monitoring equipment and the
associated printing line.
iii)
A
maintenance
log
for
the
control
device
and monitoring equipment detailing all
routine and nonroutine maintenance
performed
including
dates
and
duration
of
any
outages.
C)
On
and
after
a
date
consistent
with
Section
218.106,
the
owner
or
operator
of
a
subject
printing
line
shall
notify
the
Agency
in
the
123
following
instances:
i)
Any
record
showing
violation
of
subsection
(b) (1)
shall
be
reported
by
sending
a
copy
of
such
record
to
the
Agency within 30 days following the
occurrence of the violation.
ii)
At
least
30
calendar
days
before
changing the method of compliance with
subsection
(b) from subsection
(b) (1) to
(b) (2),
the
owner
or
operator
shall
comply with all requirements of
subsection
(c) (3) (A).
Upon changing the
method
of
compliance
with
subsection
(b)
from
subsection
(b) (1)
to
(b) (2),
the
owner or operator shall comply with all
requirements of subsection
(c) (3).
3)
Any
owner or operator of a printing line subject
to the limitations of subsection
(b)
and complying
by means of subsection
(b) (2)
shall comply with
the following:
A)
By a date consistent with Section 218.106, or
upon initial start-up ofa new printing line,
or upon changing the method of compliance for
an existing printing line from subsection
(b) (1) to
(b) (2); the owner or operator of
the subject printing line shall perform all
tests and submit to the Agency and the USEPA
the results of all tests and calculations
necessary to demonstrate that the subject
printing line will be in compliance with
subsection
(b)(2) on and after a date
consistent with Section 218.106, or on and
after the initial start—up date.
B)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, or on and after the initial start-up
date,
the owner or operator of a printing
line subject to the limitations of subsection
(b) and complying by means of subsection
(b) (2) shall collect and record the following
information each day for each printing line
and maintain the information at the facility
for a period of three years:
i)
The VON content of the fountain solution
used each day on each printing line.
ii)
A log of operating time for the control
124
device
and
the
associated
printing
line.
iii) A maintenance log for the control device
detailing all routine and non-routine
maintenance performed including dates
and
duration
of
any
outages.
C)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, the owner or operator of a subject
printing
line
shall
notify
the
Agency
in
the
following
instances:
i)
Any record showing violation of
subsection
(b) (2) shall be reported by
sending a copy of such record to the
Agency within 30 days following the
occurrence of the violation.
ii)
At least 30 calendar days before
changing the method of compliance with
subsection
(b)
from
subsection
(b) (2)
to
(b) (1),
the
owner
or
operator
shall
comply
with
all
requirements
of
subsection
(c)
(2) (A).
Upon
changing
the
method
of
compliance
with
subsection
(b)
from
subsection
(b) (2)
to
(b) (1),
the
owner or operator shall comply with all
requirements
of
subsection
(c) (2).
d)
Compliance Schedule.
Every owner or operator of a
heatset-web-of
feet
lithographic
printing
line
shall
comply
with
the
applicable
requirements
of
subsections
(b)
and
(c)
in
accordance
with
the
applicable
compliance
schedule
specified
in
subsection
(d) (1),
(d)(2),
or
(d)(3)
below:
1)
No
owner
or
operator
of
a
heatset—web—of feet
lithographic
printing
line
which
is
exempt
from
the
limitations
of
subsection
(b)
because
of
the
criteria
in
subsection
(a)
shall
operate
said
printing
line
on
or
after
a
date
consistent
with
Section 218.106, unless the owner or operator has
complied with, and continues to comply with,
subsection
(b)(1)
and
(c)’(l).
2)
No owner or operator of a heatset—web—offeet
lithographic printing line complying by means of
subsection
(b) (1) shall operate said printing line
on or after a date consistent with Section
218.106,
unless
the
owner
or
operator
has
complied
with,
and
continues
to
comply
with,
subsection
(b)(2)
and
(c)(2).
125
3)
No owner or operator of a heatset—web—offeet
lithographic printing line complying by means of
subsection
(b) (2)
shall operate said printing line
on or after a date consistent with Section
218.106,
unless
the owner or operator has complied
with,
and
continues
to
comply
with,
subsection
(c)
(3).
SUBPART
Q:
LEAKS
FROM
SYNTHETIC
ORGANIC
CHEMICAL
AND
POLYMER
MANUFACTURING
EQUIPMENT
Section
218.421
General
Requirements
The
owner
or
operator
of
a
plant
which
processes
more
than
3660
mg/yr
(4033
tons/year)
gaseous
and
light
liquid
VON,
and
whose
components are used to manufacture the synthetic organic
chemicals
or
polymers
listed
in
Appendix
A,
shall
comply
with
this
Subpart.
The
provisions
of
this
Subpart
are
applicableto
components containing 10 percent or more by weight VON as
determined by ASTN method E-168, E-169 and E-260, incorporated by
reference
in
Section
218.112.
Those
components
that
are
not
process unit components are exempt from this Subpart.
A
component shall be considered to be leaking if the VON is equal
to,
or
is
greater
than
10,000
ppmv
as
methane
or
hexane as
determined
by
USEPA
Reference
Method
21,
as
specified
at
40
CFR
60,
Appendix
A,
incorporated
by
reference
in
Section
218.112,
indication
of
liquids
dripping,
or
indication
by
a
sensor
that
a
seal or barrier fluid system has failed.
The provisions of this
Subpart are not applicable if the equipment components are used
to
produce
heavy
liquid
chemicals
only
from
heavy
liquid
feed
or
raw
materials.
Section
218.422
Inspection
Program
Plan
for
Leaks
The
owner
or
operator
of
a
synthetic
organic
chemical
or
polymer
manufacturing
plant
subject
to
Section
218.421
shall
prepare
an
inspection program plan which contains, at a minimum:
a)
An
identification
of
all
components
and
the
period
in
which
each
will
be
monitored
pursuant
to
Section
218.423.
b)
The
format
for
the
monitoring
log required by Section
218.425.
C)
A description of the monitoring equipment to be used
when
complying
with
Section
218.423,
and
d)
A
description
of
the
methods
to
be
used
to
identify
all
pipeline
valves,
pressure
relief
valves
in
gaseous
service,
all
leaking
components,
and
components
126
exempted
under
Section
218.423(i)
such
that
they
are
obvious
and
can
be
located
by
both
plant
personnel
performing
monitoring
and
Agency
personnel
performing
inspections.
Section
218.423
Inspection Program for Leaks
The
owner
or
operator
of
a
synthetic
organic
chemical
or
polymer
manufacturing plant subject to this subpart shall,
for the
purposes
of
detecting
leaks,
conduct
a
component
inspection
program using the test methods specified in Method 21, 40 CFR 60,
Appendix A (1986),
incorporated by reference in Section 218.112,
consistent
with
the
following
provisions:
a)
Test
annually
those
components
operated
near
extreme
temperature
or
pressure
such
that
they
would
be
unsafe
to
routinely
monitor
and
those
components
which
would
require
the
elevation
of
monitoring
personnel
higher
than
two
meters
above
permanent
worker
access
structures
or
surfaces.
b)
Test
quarterly
all
other
pressure
relief
valves
in
gas
service, pumps in light liquid service, valves in light
liquid
service
and
in
gas
service,
and
compressors.
C)
If
less
than
or
equal
to
2
percent
of
the
valves
in
light
liquid
service
and
in
gas
service
tested
pursuant
to
subsection(b)
are
found
not
to
leak
for
five
consecutive
quarters,
no
leak
tests
shall
be
required for three consecutive quarters.
Thereafter,
leak tests shall resume for the next quarter.
If that
test shows less than or equal to 2 percent of the
valves in light liquid service and in gas service are
leaking, then
rio
tests
are
required
for
the
next
three
quarters.
If
more
than
2
percent
are
leaking,
then
tests
are
required
for
the
next
five
quarters.
d)
Observe visually all pump seals weekly.
e)
Test immediately any pump seal from which liquids are
observed dripping.
f)
Test any relief valve within 24 hours after it has
vented to the atmosphere.
g)
Routine instrument monitoring of valves which are not
externally regulated, flanges, and equipment in heavy
liquid service, is not required.
However, any valve
which
is
not
externally
regulated,
flange
or
piece
of
equipment in heavy liquid service that is found to be
leaking on the basis of sight, smell or sound shall be
repaired
as
soon as practicable but no later than
127
30 days after the leak is found.
h)
Test
immediately
after
repair
any
component
that
was
found leaking.
i)
Within
one
hour
of
its
detection,
a
weatherproof,
readily visible tag,
in bright colors such as red or
yellow, bearing an identification number and the date
on which the leak was detected must be affixed on the
leaking component and remain in place until the leaking
component is repaired.
j)
The following components are exempt from the monitoring
requirements in this Section:
1)
Any component that is in vacuum service, and
2)
Any pressure relief valve that is connected to an
operating flare header or vapor recovery device.
Section 218.424
Repairing Leaks
All leaking components must be repaired and retested as soon as
practicable but no later than 15 days after the leak is found
unless the leaking component cannot be repaired until the process
unit
is
shut
down.
Records
of
repairing
and
retesting
must
be
maintained in accordance with Section 218.425 and 218.426.
Section
218.425
Recordkeeping
for
Leaks
a)
The owner or operator of a synthetic organic chemical
or polymer manufacturing plant shall maintain a leaking
components monitoring log which shall contain, at a
minimum, the following information:
1)
The
name
of
the
process
unit where the component
is
located;
2)
The type of component (e.g., valve,
seal);
3)
The identification number of the component;
4)
The date on which a leaking component is
discovered;
5)
The date on which a leaking component is repaired;
6)
The date and instrument reading of the recheck
procedure
after
a
leaking
component
is
repaired;
7)
A
record
of
the
calibration
of
the
monitoring
instrument;
128
8)
The
identification
number
of
leaking
components
which
cannot
be
repaired
until
process
unit
shutdown;
and
9)
The total number of valves in light liquid service
and
in
gas
service
inspected;
the
total
number
and
the
percentage
of
these
valves
found
leaking
during
the
monitoring
period.
b)
Copies
of
the
monitoring
log
shall
be
retained
by
the
owner
or
operator
for
a
minimum
of
two
years
after
the
date on which the record was made or the report was
prepared.
c)
Copies of the monitoring log shall be made available to
the
Agency
upon
verbal
or
written
request
prior
to
or
at
the
time
of
inspection
pursuant
to
Section
4(d)
of
the
Environmental
Protection
Act
(Act)
(Ill.
Rev.
Stat.
1989,
ch.
111
1/2,
pars.
1001
et
seq.)
at
any
reasonable
time.
Section
218.426
Report
for
Leaks
The owner or operator of a synthetic organic chemical or polymer
manufacturing plant subject to Section 218.421 through 218.430
shall:
a)
Submit quarterly reports
to
the
Agency
on
or
before
March
31,
June
30,
September
30,
and
December
31
of
each
year,
listing
all
leaking
components
identified
pursuant
to
Section
218.423
but
not
repaired
within
15
days,
all
leaking
components
awaiting
process
unit
shutdown,
the
total
number
of
components
inspected,
the
type of components inspected, and the total number of
components
found
leaking,
the
total
number
of
valves
in
light
liquid
serviOe
and
in
gas
service
inspected
and
the
number
and
percentage
of
valves
in
light
liquid
service and in gas service found leaking.
b)
Submit
a
signed
statement
with
the
report
attesting
that
all
monitoring
and
repairs
were
performed
as
required under Section 218.421 through 218.427.
Section
218.427
Alternative
Program
for
Leaks
The Agency shall approve an alternative program of monitoring,
recordkeeping, or reporting to that prescribed in this Subpart
upon a demonstration by the owner or operator of such plant that
the
alternative
program
will
provide
plant
personnel
and
Agency
personnel
with
an
equivalent
ability
to
identify
and
repair
leaking
components.
Any
alternative
program
can
be
allowed
if
129
approved by the Agency and approved by the USEPA as a SIP
revision.
Section 218.428
Open-Ended Valves
a)
Each open-ended valve shall be equipped with a cap,
blind
flange,
plug,
or
a
second
valve,
except
during
operations requiring fluid flow through the open-ended
valve.
b)
Each
open-ended
valve
equipped
with
a
second
valve
shall be operated in a manner such that the valve on
the process fluid end is closed before the second valve
is closed.
c)
Components
which
are
open—ended
valves
and
which
serve
as
a
sampling
connection
shall
be
controlled
such
that:
1)
A
closed
purge
system
or
closed
vent
system
shall
return
purged
process
fluid
to
the
process
line
with
no
detectable
VON
emissions
to
the
atmosphere,
or
2)
A closed purge system or closed vent system shall
collect
and
recycle
purged
process
fluid
to
the
process
line
with
no
detectable
VON
emissions
to
the
atmosphere,
or
3)
Purged
process
fluid
shall
be
transported
to
a
control device that complies with the requirements
of
Section
218.429.
d)
In-situ
sampling
systems
are
exempt
from
subsection
(c).
Section 218.429
Standards for Control Devices
Control devices used to comply with Section 218.428(c)
shall
comply with the following:
a)
If the control device is a vapor recovery system (for
example, condensers and adsorbers),
it shall be
designed and operated to recover the VON emissions
vented to it with an efficiency of 95 percent or
greater.
b)
If the control device is an enclosed combustion device,
it
shall
be
designed
and
operated
to
reduce
the
VON
emissions
vented
to
it
with
an
efficiency
of
95
percent
or greater,
or to provide a minimum residence time of
0.75
seconds
at
a minimum temperature of 8l6C.
130
c)
If
the
control
device
is
a
flare,
it
shall:
1)
Be
designed
for
and
operated
with
no
visible
emissions
as
determined
by
USEPA
Reference
Method
22,
40
CFR
60,
Appendix
A
(1986),
incorporated
by
reference
in
Section
218.112,
except
for
periods
not
to
exceed
a
total
of
5
minutes
during
any
2
consecutive hours.
2)
Be
operated
with
a
pilot
flame
present
at
all
times and shall be monitored with a thermocouple
or
any
other
equivalent
device
to
detect
the
presence of the pilot flame.
3)
Be
steam-assisted,
air
assisted,
or
nonassisted.
4)
Be
used
only
with
the
net
heating
value
of
the
gas
being
conibusted
being
11.2
MJ/scm
(300
Btu/scf)
or
greater
if
the
flare
is
steam-assisted
or
air-assisted;
or
with
the
net
heating
value
of
the
gas
being
conibusted
being
7.45
NJ/scm
or
greater
if
the
flare
is
nonassisted.
The
net
heating
value
of
the
gas
being
combusted
shall
be
calculated
using
the~fol1owing
equation:
n
Hr
=
K
•E
C1H1
1=1
Where:
H
=
Net
heating
value
of
the
sample
in
NJ/scm;
where
the
net
enthalpy
per
mole
of
offgas
is
based
on
combustion
at
25°C and
760
mm
Hg,
but
the
standard
temperature
for
determining
the
volume
corresponding
to
one
mole
is
20°C.
K
=
Constant,
1.740
x
l07
(1/ppm) (g-mole/scm)
(MJ/Kcal)
where
standard
temperature
for
•(g—mole/scm)
is
20°C.
C1
=
Concentration
of
sample
component
i,
in
ppm,
as
measured
by
USEPA
Reference
Method
18,
40
CFR
60,
Appendix A (1986), and ASTM D
2504-83,
both
incorporated
by
reference
in
Section
218.112.
=
Net
heat
of
combustion
of
sample
component
i,
131
kcal/g
mole.
The
heats
of
combustion
may
be
determined
using
ASTN
D
2382-83,
incorporated
by
reference
in
Section
218.112,
if
published
values
are
not
available
or
cannot
be
calculated.
5)
Steam-assisted
and
nonassisted
flares
shall
be
designed
and
operated
with
an
exit
velocity,
as
determined
by
dividing
the
volumetric
flowrate
(in
units
of
standard
temperature
and
pressure),
as
determined
by
USEPA
Reference
Method
2
or
2A,
40
CFR
60,
Appendix
A
(1986)
incorporated
by
reference
in
Section
218.112,
as
appropriate;
by
the unobstructed
(free) cross sectional area of
the
flare
tip,
less
than
18
rn/sec
(60
ft/sec).
6)
Air-assisted
flares
shall
be
designed
and
operated
with
an
exit
velocity
less
than
the
maximum
permitted
velocity,
V~ax, as
determined
by
the
following
equation:
Vmax
=
8.706
+
O~7OB4(Hr)~
Vmax
=
Maximum
permitted
velocity,
rn/sec.
8.706
=
Constant.
0.7084
=
Constant.
Hr
=
The net heating value as determined in
subsection
(c)(4)
of this section.
d)
If
the
control
device
is
a
closed
container,
it shall
be
designed
and
operated
to
reduce
the
VOM
emissions,
vented
from
purged
process
fluid
after
transfer,
to
no
detectable
VON
emissions
as
determined
by
USEPA
Reference Method 21 as specified at 40 CFR 60, Appendix
A
(1986),
incorporated
by
reference
in
Section
218.112.
For
purposes
of
this
Section,
the
phrase
“after
transfer”
shall
refer
to
the
time
at
which
the
entire
amount
of
purged
process
fluid
resulting
from
a
flushing
or
cleaning
of
the
sample
line
enters
the
closed container or containers including the final
container(s) prior to disposal.
e)
The owner or operator of a control device shall monitor
the
control
device
to
ensure
that
it
is
operated
and
maintained
in
conformance
with
the
manufacturer’s
specifications,
modified
to
the
particular
process
design.
f)
The
control
device
shall
be
operated
at
all
times
when
emissions
may
be
vented
to
it.
Section
218.430
Compliance
Date
132
The
owner
or
operator
of
a
synthetic
organic
chemical
or
polymer
manufacturing
plant
subject
to
35
Ill.
Adm.
Code
215.430
through
215.438
as
of
December
31,
1987
shall
have
complied
with
the
standards
and
limitations
of
those
Sections
no
later
than
December
31,
1987.
SUBPART R:
PETROLEUM
REFINING
AND
RELATED
INDUSTRIES;
ASPHALT
MATERIALS
Section
218.441
Petroleum
Refinery
Waste
Gas
Disposal
a)
Except
as
provided
in
subsection
(b) or
(c), no person
shall
cause
or
allow
the
discharge
of
organic
materials
in
excess
of
100
ppm
equivalent
methane
(molecular
weight 16.0)
into the atmosphere from:
1)
Any
catalyst
regenerator
of
a
petroleum
cracking
system;
or
2)
Any
petroleum
fluid
coker;
or
3)
Any
other
waste
gas
stream
from
any
petroleum
or
petrochemical
manufacturing
process.
b)
Exception.
Existing
sources
subject
to
subsection
(a) (3)
may,
alternatively,
at
their
election,
comply
with
the
organic
material
emission limitations imposed
by
35
Ill.
Adm.
Code 215.301 or 215.302; provided,
however,
that
there
shall
be
no
increase
in
emissions
from
such
sources
above
the
level
of
emissions
in
existence
on
May
3,
1979.
c)
New
Sources.
Sources
subject
to
subsection
(a)
(3),
construction
of
which
commenced
on
or
after
January
1,
1977,
may,
at
their
election,
comply
with
the
following
emission
limitations:
1)
A
maximum
of
eight
pounds
per
hour
of
organic
material;
or
2)
Emission
of
organic
material
in
excess
of
the
limitation
of
subsection
(C)
(1)
is
allowable
if
such
emissions
are
controlled
by
air
pollution
control
methods
or
equipment
approved
by
the
Agency
capable
of
reducing
by
85
percent
or
more
the
uncontrolled
organic
material
that
would
otherwise
be
emitted
to
the
atmosphere.
Such
methods
or
equipment
must
be
approved
by
the
Agency
and
approved
by
the
USEPA
as
a
SIP
revision.
Section 218.442
Vacuum Producing Systems
133
No owner or operator of a
petroleum
refinery
shall
cause
or
allow
the
operation
of
any
vacuum
producing
system
unless
the
condensers,
hot
wells
and
accumulators
of
any
such
system
are
equipped
with
vapor
loss
control
equipment
including,
but
not
limited
to,
piping,
valves,
flame
arrestors
and
hot
wellcovers,
to
vent
any
VON
with
a
vapor
pressure
of
10.34
kPa
(1.5
psia)
or
greater
at
294.3°K
(70°F)
to
a
heater,
fire
box,
flare,
refinery
fuel
gas
system,
or
other
equipment
or
system
of
equal
emission
control
as
approved
by
the
Agency
and
approved
by
the
USEPA
as
a
SIP
revision.
This
Section
shall
not
apply
to
vacuum
producing
systems
on
lube
units.
Section 218.443
Wastewater (Oil/Water) Separator
No owner or operator of a petroleum refinery shall operate any
wastewater
(oil/water)
separator
at
a
petroleum
refinery
unless
the
separator
is
equipped
with
air
pollution
control
equipment
capable
of
reducing
by
.85
percent
or
more
the
uncontrolled
organic
material
emitted
to
the
atmosphere.
If
no
odor
nuisance
exists,
the
limitation
of
this
Section
shall
not
apply
if
the
vapor
pressure
of
the
organic
material
is
below
10.34
kPa
(1.5
psia)at
204.3°K
(70°?)
at
all
times.
Section
218.444
Process
Unit
Turnarounds
a)
No
owner
or
operator
of
a
petroleum
refinery
shall
cause
or
allow
a
refinery
process
unit
turnaround
except
in
compliance
with
an
operating procedure as
approved
by
the
Agency.
b)
Unless
a
procedure
was
already
on
file
with
the
Agency
as
part
of
an
approved
operating
permit
no
later
than
November
1,
1979,
the
owner
or
operator
of
a
petroleum
refinery
shall
submit
to
the
Agency
for
approval
a
detailed
procedure
for
reducing
emissions
of
VOM
during
refinery process unit turnarounds from organic material
with
a
vapor
pressure
of
10.34
kPa (1.5 psia)
or
greater
at
294.3’K
(70’?).
The
Agency
shall
not
approve the procedure unless it provides for:
1)
Depressurization
of
the
refinery
process
unit
or
vessel
to
a
flare,
refinery
fuel
gas
system,
or
other
equipment
or
system
of
equal
emission
control,
as
approved
by
the
Agency
and
approved
by
the
USEPA
as
a
SIP
revision,
until
the
internal
pressure
from
the
vessel
or
unit
is less than 5.0
psig
before
allowing
the
vessel
to
be
vented
to
the
atmosphere;
2)
Recordkeeping
of
the
following
items:
134
A)
Each
date
that
a
refinery
unit
or
vessel
is
shut
down;
and
B)
The
total
estimated
quantity
of
VON
emitted
to
the
atmosphere
and
the
duration
of the
emission
in
hours.
Section
218.445
Leaks:
General
Requirements
a)
The
owner
or
operator
of
a
petroleum
refinery
shall:
1)
Develop
a
monitoring
program
plan
consistent
with
the
provisions
of
Section
218.446;
2)
Conduct
a
monitoring
program
consistent
with
the
provisions
of
Section
218.447;
3)
Record
all
leaking components which have a
volatile
organic
material
concentration
exceeding
10,000
ppm
consistent
with
the
provisions
of
Section
218.448;
4)
Identify
each
component
consistent
with
the
monitoring
program
plan
submitted
pursuant
to
Section
218.446;
5)
Repair
and
retest
the
leaking
components
as
soon
as
possible
within
22
days
after
the
leak
is
found,
but
no
later
than
June
1
for
the
purposes
of
Section
218.447(a)
(1),
unless
the
leaking
components
cannot
be
repaired
until
the
unit
is
shut
down
for
turnaround;
and
6)
Report to the Agency consistent with the
provisions
of
Section
218.449.
Section
218.446
Monitoring
Program
Plan
for
Leaks
The
owner
or
operator
of
a
petroleum
refinery
shall
prepare
a
monitoring
program
plan
which
contains,
at
a
minimum:
a)
An
identification
of
all
refinery
components
and
the
period
in
which
each
will
be
monitored
pursuant
to
Section 218.447;
b)
The
format
for
the
monitoring
log
required
by
Section
218. 448;
c)
A
description
of
the
monitoring
equipment
to
be
used
pursuant
to
Section
218.447;
and
d)
A
description
of
the
methods
to
be
used
to
identify
all
135
pipeline
valves,
pressure
relief
valves
in
gaseous
service
and
all
leaking
components
such
that
they
are
obvious
to
both
refinery personnel performing
monitoring and Agency personnel performing inspections.
Section
218.447
Monitoring
Program
for
Leaks
a)
The
owner
or
operator
of
a
petroleum
refinery
subject
to
Section
218.445
shall,
for
the purpose of detecting
leaks,
conduct
a component monitoring program
consistent
with
the
following
provisions:
1)
Test
once
between
March
1
and
June
1
of
each
year,
by
methods referenced in Section 218.105(g), all
pump
seals,
pipeline
valves
in
liquid
service
and
process
drains.
2)
Test
once
each
quarter
of
each
calendar
year,
by
methods
referenced
in
Section
218.105(g),
all
pressure
relief
valves
in.gaseous
service,
pipeline
valves
in
gaseous
service
and
compressor
seals.
3)
Inaccessible
valves
may
be
tested
once
each
calendar
year
instead
of
once
each
quarter
of
each
calendar
year.
4)
Observe
visually
all
pump
seals
weekly.
5)
Test
immediately
any
pump
seal
from
which
liquids
are
observed
dripping,
6)
Test
any
relief
valve
within
24
hours
after
it
has
vented
to
the
atmosphere,
and
7)
Test
immediately
after
repair
any
component
that
was
found
leaking.
b)
Storage
tank
valves
and
pressure
relief
devices
connected
to
an
operating flare header or vapor
recovery
device
are
exempt
from
the
monitoring
requirements in subsection
(a).
c)
The
Agency
or
the
USEPA
may
require
more
frequent
monitoring
than
would
otherwise
be
required
by
subsection
(a)
for
components
which
are
demonstrated
to
have
a
history
of
leaking.
Section 218.448
Recordkeeping for Leaks
a)
The
owner
or
operator
of
a
petroleum
refinery
shall
maintain a leaking components monitoring log which
136
shall
contain,
at
a
minimum,
the
following
information:
1)
The
name
of
the
process
unit
where
the
component
is
located;
2)
The
type
of
component
(e.g.,
valve,
seal);
3)
The identification number of the component;
4)
The
date
on
which
a
leaking
component
is
discovered;
5)
The
date
on
which
a
leaking
component
is
repaired;
6)
The
date
and
instrument
reading
of
the
recheck
procedure
after
a
leaking
component
is
repaired;
7)
A
record
of
the
calibration
of
the
monitoring
instrument;
8)
The
identification
number
of
leaking
components
which
cannot
be
repaired
until
turnaround;
and
9)
The
total
number
of
components
inspected
and
the
total
number
of
components
found
leaking
during
that
monitoring
period.
b)
Copies
of
the
monitoring
log
shall
be
retained
by
the
owner
or
operator
for
a
minimum
of
two
years
after
the
date
on
which
the
record
was
made
or
the
report
prepared.
c)
Copies
of
the
monitoring
log
shall
be
made
available
to
the
Agency,
upon
verbal
or
written
request,
at
any
reasonable
time.
Section 218.449
Reporting for Leaks
The
owner
or
operator
of
a
petroleum
refinery
shall:
a)
Submit
a
report
to
the
Agency
prior
to
the
1st
day
of
both July and September
listing
all
leaking
components
identified pursuant to Section 218.447 but not repaired
within
22
days,
all
leaking
components
awaiting
unit
turnaround,
the
total
number
of
components
inspected
and
the
total
number
of
components
found
leaking;
b)
Submit a signed statement with the report attesting
that
all
monitoring
and
repairs
were
performed
as
required
under
Sections
218.445
through
218.448.
Section
218.450
Alternative
Program
for
Leaks.
137
The
Agency
may
approve
an
alternative
program
of
monitoring,
recordkeeping
or
reporting
to
that
prescribed
in
Sections
218.446
through
218.449
upon
a demonstration by the owner or operator of
a
petroleum
refinery
that
the
alternative
program
will
provide
refinery, Agency
and
USEPA
personnel
with
an
equivalent
ability
to
identify
and
repair
leaking
components.
Any alternative
program
can
be
allowed
only
if
approved
by
the
USEPA
as
a
SIP
revision.
Section 218.451
Sealing Device Requirements
Except
for
safety
pressure
relief
valves,
no
owner
or
operator
of
a
petroleum
refinery
shall
install
or
operate
a
valve
at
the
end
of
a
pipe
or
line
containing
VOM5
unless
the
pipe
or
line
is
sealed
with
a
second
valve,
blind
flange,
plug,
cap
or
other
sealing
device.
The
sealing
device
may
be
removed
only
when
a
sample
is
being
taken
or
during
maintenance
operations.
Section
218.452
Compliance
Schedule
for
Leaks
The
owner
or
operator
of
a
petroleum
refinery
shall
adhere
to
the
increments of progress contained in the following schedule:
a)
Have
submitted
to
the
USEPA
a
monitoring
program
consistent
with
Section
218.446
prior
to
September
1,
1990.
b)
Have
submitted
to
the
USEPA
the
first
monitoring
report
pursuant
to
Section
218.449
prior
to
October
1,
1990.
Section
218.453
Compliance
Dates
Every
owner
or
operator
of
a
petroleum
refinery
subject
to
35
Ill.
Adm.
Code
215,
Subpart
R
as
of
December
31,
1987
shall
have
complied
with
its
standards
and
limitations
by
December
31,
1987.
SUBPART
S:
RUBBER
AND
MISCELLANEOUS
PLASTIC
PRODUCTS
Section 218.461
Manufacture of Pneumatic Rubber Tires
The
owner
or
operator
of
an
undertread
cementing,
treadend
cementing or bead dipping operation at a pneumatic rubber tire
manufacturing
facility
shall
install and operate:
a)
A
capture
system,
with
minimum
capture
efficiency
of
65
percent
by
weight
of
VON
for
treadend
cementing
or
bead
dipping
operations
and
a
capture
system
with
a
minimum
capture
efficiency
of
55.5
percent
by
weight
of
VON
for
undertread
cementing;
and
b)
A
control
device
that
meets
the
requirements
of
one
of
138
the
following:
1)
A
carbon
adsorption
system
designed
and
operated
in
a
manner
such
that
there
is
‘at
least
a
90
percent
removal
of
VON
by
weight
from
the
gases
ducted
to
the
control
device;
2)
An
afterburning
system
that
oxidizes
at
least
90
percent
of
the
captured
nonmethane
VOMs
(VON
measured
as
total combustible carbon) to carbon
dioxide and water; and
3)
An alternative VON emission reduction system
demonstrated
to
have
at
least
a
90
percent
overall
reduction
efficiency
and
approved
by
the
Agency
and
approved
by
the
USEPA
as
a
SIP
revision.
Section
218.462
Green
Tire
Spraying
Operations
The
owner
or
operator
of
a
green
tire
spraying
operation
at
a
pneumatic
rubber
tire
manufacturing
facility
shall:
a)
Install
and
operate:
1)
A
capture
system
with
a
minimum
capture
efficiency
of
90
percent
by
weight
of
VON;
and
2)
A
control
device
that
meets
the
requirements
of
one
of
the
following:
A)
A
carbon
adsorption
system
designed
and
operated
in
a
manner
such
that
there
is
at
least
90
percent
removal
of
VON
by
weight
from
the
bases
ducted
to
the
control
device;
B)
An
afterburning
system
that
oxidizes
at
least
90
percent
of
the
captured
nonmethane
VON
(measured
as
total
combustible
carbon)
to
carbon dioxide and water; or
C)
An
alternative
VOM
emission
reduction
system
demonstrated
to
have
at
least
a
90
percent
overall
reduction
efficiency
and
approved
by
the
Agency
and
approved
by
the
USEPA
as
a
SIP
revision.
b)
Substitute
for
the
normal
solvent-based
mold
release
compound
water—based
sprays
containing:
1)
No
more
than
five
percent
by
volume
of
VOM
as
applied
for
the
inside
of
tires;
139
2)
No
more
than
ten
percent
by
volume
of
VON
as
applied
for
the
outside
of
tires.~.
Section
218.463
Alternative
Emission
Reduction
Systems
In
lieu
of
complying
with
Section
218.461
or
218.462,
the
owner
or operator of an emission source may utilize an alternative
volatile organic emission reduction system, including an
alternative production process, which is demonstrated to be
equivalent
to
Section
218.461
or
218.462
on
the
basis
of
emissions
of
volatile
organic
matter.
A
treadend
cementing
operation
shall
be
considered
equivalent
to
Section
218.461
or
218.462
for
the
purposes
of
this
Section
if
the
total
volatile
organic emission from such operation is 10 grams or less per
tire.
Section
218.464
Testing
and
Monitoring
a)
Upon
a
reasonable
request
by
the
Agency,
the
owner
or
operator
of
a
VON
emission
source
required
to
comply
with
a
limit
of
Sections
218.461
through
218.464
shall
conduct
emissions
testing,
at
such
person’s
own
expense, to demonstrate compliance.
b)
A
person
planning
to
conduct
a
VON
emission
test
to
demonstrate
compliance
shall
notify
the
Agency
of
that
intent
not
less
than
30
days
before
the
planned
initiation
of
the
tests
so
the
Agency
may
observe
the
test.
Section
218.465
Compliance
Dates
Every
owner
or
operator
of
an
emission
source
subject
to
35
Ill.
Adm.
Code
215,
Subpart
S,
as
of
December
31,
1987
shall
have
complied
with
its
standards
and
limitations
by
December
31,
1987.
Section
218.466
Compliance
Plan
a)
The
owner
or
operator
of
an
emission
source
shall
have
submitted
to
the
Agency
a
compliance
plan,
pursuant
to
35
Ill.
Adm.
Code
201,
Subpart
H,
including
a
project
completion
schedule
where
applicable,
no
later
than
April
21,
1983.
b)
Unless
the
submitted
compliance
plan
or
schedule
was
disapproved
by
the
Agency,
the
owner
or
operator
of
a
facility
or
emission
source
may
operate
the
emission
source
according
to
the
plan
and
schedule
as
submitted.
c)
The
plan
and
schedule
shall
meet
the
requirements
of
35
Ill.
Adin.
Code
201,
Subpart
H,
including
specific
interim
dates
as
required
in
35
Ill.
Adm. Code 201.242.
140
SUBPART T:
PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURING
Section 218.480
Applicability
a)
The
rules
of
this
Subpart,
except
for
Sections
218.483
through
218.485,
apply
to
all
emission
sources
of
VON,
including
but
not
limited
to
reactors,
distillation
units,
dryers,
storage
tanks
for
VOL,
equipment
for
the
transfer
of
VOL,
filters,
crystallizers,
washers,
laboratory hoods, pharmaceutical coating operations,
mixing operations and centrifuges used in
manufacturing,
including
packaging,
of
pharmaceuticals,
and emitting more than 6.8 kg/day
(15 lbs/day) and more
than
2,268
kg/year
(2.5
tons/year)
of
VOM.
If
an
emission
source
emits
less
than
2,268
kg/year
(2.5
tons/year)
of
VON,
the
requirements
of
this
Subpart
still
apply
to
the
emission
source
if
VON
emissions
from
the
emission
source
exceed
45.4
kg/day
(100
lbs/day).
b)
Notwithstanding
subsection
(a),
the
air
suspension
coater/dryer,
fluid
bed
dryers,
tunnel
dryers,
and
Accelacotas
located
in
Libertyville
Township,
Lake
County,
Illinois
shall
be
exempt
from
the
rules
of
this
Subpart,
except
for
Sections
218.483
through
218.485,
if
emissions
of
VON
not
vented
to
air
pollution
control
equipment
do
not
exceed
the
following
levels:
1)
for
the
air
suspension
coater/dryer:
2,268
kg/year
(2.5
tons/year);
2)
for
each
fluid
bed
dryer:
4,535
kg/year
(5.0
tons/year);
3)
for
each
tunnel
dryer:
6,803
kg/year
(7.5
tons/year);
and
4)
for
each
Accelacota:
6,803
kg/year
(7.5
tons/year).
C)
Sections
218.483
through
218.485
apply
to
a
plant
having
one
or
more
emission
sources
that:
1)
Are
used
to
manufacture
pharmaceuticals,
and
2)
Emit
more
than
6.8
kg/day
(15
lbs/day)
of
VON
and
more
than
2,268
kg/year
(2.5
tons/year)
of
VON,
or,
if
less
than
2,268
kg/year
(2.5
tons/year),
these
Sections
still
apply
if
emissions
from
one
or
more
sources
exceed
45.4
kg/day
(100
lbs/day).
141
d)
No
owner
or
operator
shall
violate
any
condition
in
a
permit when the condition
results
in
exclusion
of
an
emission
source
from
this
Subpart.
e)
Any
pharmaceutical
manufacturing
source
that
becomes
subject
to
the
provisions
of
this
Subpart
at
any
time
shall
remain
subject
to
the
provisions
of
this
Subpart
at
all
times.
f)
Emissions
subject
to
this
Subpart
shall
be
controlled
at all times consistent with~the requirements set forth
in
this
Subpart.
g)
Any
control
device
required pursuant to this Subpart
shall
be
operated
at
all
times
when
the source it
is
controlling
is
operated.
h)
Determinations
of
daily
and
annual
emissions
for
purposes
of
this
Section
shall
be
made
using
both
data
on
the
hourly
emission
rate
(or
the
emissions
-per
unit
of
throughput)
and
appropriate
daily
and
annual
data
from
records
of
emission
source
operation
(or
material
throughput
or
material
consumption
data).
In
the
absence
of
representative-
test
data
pursuant
to
Section
218.487
for
the
hourly
emission rate (or the emissions
per
unit
of
throughput),
such items shall be calculated
using
engineering calculations, including the methods
described
in
Appendix
B
of
“Control
of
Volatile
Organic
Emissions from Manufacturing of Synthesized
Pharmaceutical Products”
(EPA—450/2-78-029),
incorporated by reference
in
Section
218.112.
(This
subsection shall not affect the Agency’s or the USEPA’s
authority to require emission tests to be performed
pursuant to Section 218.487.)
Section 218.481
Control of Reactors, Distillation Units,
Crystallizers, Centrifuges and Vacuum Dryers
a)
The owner or operator shall equip all reactors,
distillation units, crystallizers, centrifuges and
vacuum dryers that are used to manufacture
pharmaceuticals with surface condensers or other air
pollution control equipment listed in subsection
(b).
If a surface condenser is used,
it shall be operated
such that the condenser outlet gas temperature does not
exceed:
1)
248.2°K(-13°F)when condensing VON of vapor
pressure greater than 40.0 kPa (5.8 psi) at
294.3°K(70°F),or
2)
258.2 ‘K (5°F)when condensing VON of vapor
142
pressure
greater
than
20.0
kPa
(2.9
psi)
at
294.3°K(70°F),or
3)
273.2 ‘K
(32°F)
when
condensing
VON
of
vapor
pressure
greater
than
10.0
kPa.
(1.5
psi)
at
294.3’K (70°F),or
4)
283.2 ‘K (50°F)when condensing VON of vapor
pressure
greater
than
7.0
kPa
(1.0
psi)
at
294.3°K
(70°F),
or
5)
298.2’K
(77°?)
when
condensing
VON
of
vapor
pressure
greater
than
3.45
kPa
(0.5
psi)
at
294.3°K(70’?).
b)
If
a
scrubber,
carbon
adsorber,
thermal
afterburner,
catalytic
afterburner,
or
other
air
pollution
control
equipment
other
than
a
surface
condenser
is
used,
such
equipment shall provide a reduction in the emissions of
VOM
of
90
percent
or
more.
c)
The
owner
or
operator
shall
enclose
all
centrifuges
used
to
manufacture
pharmaceuticals
and
that
have
an
exposed
VOL
surface,
where
the
VON
in
the
VOL
has
a
vapor
pressure
of
3.45
kPa
(0.5
psi)
or
more
at
294.3
‘K
(70°F),
except
as
production,
sampling,
maintenance,
or
inspection
procedures
require
operator
access.
Section
218.482
Control
of
Air
Dryers,
Production
Equipment
Exhaust
Systems
and
Filters
a)
The
owner
or
operator
of
an
air
dryer
or
production
equipment
exhaust
system
used
to
manufacture
pharmaceuticals
shall
control
the
emissions
of
VON
from
such
emission
sources
by
air
pollution
control
equipment
which
reduces
by
90
percent
or
more
the
VON
that
would
otherwise
be
emitted
into
the atmosphere.
b)
The
owner
or
operator
shall
enclose
all
rotary
vacuum
filters
and
other
filters
used
to
manufacture
pharmaceuticals and that have an exposed VOL surface,
where
the
VON
in
the
VOL
has
a
vapor
pressure
of
3.45
kPa
(0.5
psi)
or
more
at
294K
(70’?),
except
as
production,
sampling,
maintenance,
or
inspection
procedures
require
operator
access.
Section
218.483
Material
Storage
and
Transfer
The
owner
or
operator
of
a
pharmaceutical
manufacturing
plant
shall:
a)
Provide
a
vapor
balance
system
that
is
at
least
143
90
percent
effective
in
reducing
VON
emissions
from
truck
or
railcar
deliveries
to
storage
tanks
with
capacities
equal
to
or
greater
than
1.57
m3
(2,000
gal)
that
store
VOL
with
vapor
pressures
:~greater than
28.0
kPa
(4.1
psi)
at
294.3~K (70°?),
and
b)
Install,
operate,
and
maintain
pressure/vacuum
conservation
vents
set
at
0.2
kPa (0.03 psi) or greater
on
all
storage
tanks
that
store
VOL
with
vapor
pressures
greater
than
10
kPa
(1.5
psi)
at
294.3
‘K
(70F).
Section 218.484
In-Process Tanks
The
owner
or
operator
shall
install
covers
on
all
in—process
tanks
used
to
manufacture
pharmaceuticals
and
containing
a
VOL
at
any time.
These covers must remain closed, except as production,
sampling, maintenance or inspection procedures require operator
access.
Section
218.485
Leaks
The
owner
or
operator
of
a
pharmaceutical
manufacturing
plant
shall
repair
any
component
from
which
a
leak
of
VOL
can
be
observed.
The
repair
shall
be
completed
as
soon
as
practicable
but
no
later
than
15
days
after
the
leak
is
found.
If
the
leaking
component
cannot
be
repaired
until
the
process
unit
is
shut
down,
the
leaking
component
must
then
be
repaired
before
the
unit
is
restarted.
Section
218.486
Other
Emission
Sources
The
owner
or
operator
of
a
washer,
laboratory
hood,
tablet
coating
operation,
mixing
operation
or
any
other
process
emission
source
not
subject
to
Sections
218.481
through
218.485,
and
used
to
manufacture
pharmaceuticals
shall
control
the
emissions
of
VON
from
such
emission
sources
by:
a)
Air
pollution
control
equipment
which
reduces
by
81
percent
or
more
the
VON
that
would
otherwise
be
emitted
to
the
atmosphere,
or
b)
A
surface
condenser
which
captures
all
the
VON
which
would
otherwise
be
emitted
to
the atmosphere and
which
meets
the
requirements
of
Section
218.481(a)
and
(b).
Section
218.487
Testing
a)
Upon
request
by
the
Agency
or
the
USEPA,
the
owner
or
operator
of
any
VON
emission
source
subject
to
this
Subpart
or
exempt
from
this
Subpart
by
virtue
of
the
provisions
of
Section
218.480
shall,
at
his
own
144
expense, demonstrate compliance
to
the
Agency
and
the
USEPA
by
the
methods
or
procedures
listed
in
Section
218.105(f)
(1).
b)
A person
planning
to
conduct
a
VON
emissions
test
to
demonstrate
compliance
with
this
Subpart
shall
notify
the
Agency
and
the
USEPA
of
that
intent
not
less
than
30
calendar
days
before
the
planned
initiation
of
the
test.
Section
218.488
Monitoring
for
Air
Pollution
Control
Equipment
a)
At
a
minimum,
continuous
monitors
for
the
following
parameters
shall
be
installed
on
air
pollution
control
equipment
used
to
control
sources
subject
to
this
Subpart:
1)
Destruction
device
combustion
temperature.
2)
Temperature
rise
across
a
catalytic
afterburner
bed.
3)
VON
concentration
on
a
carbon
adsorption
unit
to
determine
breakthrough.
4)
Outlet
gas
temperature
of
a
refrigerated
condenser.
5)
Temperature
of
a
non-refrigerated
condenser
coolant
supply
system.
b)
Each
monitor
shall
be
equipped
with
a
recording
device.
c)
Each
monitor
shall
be
calibrated
quarterly.
d)
Each
monitor
shall
operate
at
all
times
while
the
associated
control
equipment
is
operating.
Section
218.489
Recordkeeping
for
Air
Pollution
Control
Equipment
a)
The owner or operator of a pharmaceutical manufacturing
facility
shall
maintain
the
following
records:
1)
Parameters
listed
in
Section
218.488(a)
(1)
shall
be
recorded.
2)
For
sources
subject
to
Section
218.481,
the
vapor
pressure
of
VON
being
controlled
shall
be
recorded
for
every
process.
145
b)
For
any
leak
subject
to
Section
218.485
which
cannot
be
readily
repaired
within
one
hour
after
detection,
the
following
records
shall
be
kept:
1)
The
name
of
the
leaking
equipment,
2)
The
date
and
time
the
leak
is
detected,
3)
The
action
taken
to
repair
the
leak, and
4)
The
data
and
time
the
leak
is
repaired.
c)
The
following
records
shall
be
kept
for
emission
sources
subject
to
Section
218.484
which
contain
VO.L:
1)
For
maintenance
and
inspection:
A)
The
date
and
time
each
cover
is
opened,
B)
The
length
of
time
the
cover
remains
open,
and
C)
The
reason
why
the
cover
is
opened.
2)
For
production
and
sampling,
detailed
written
procedures
or
manufacturing
directions
specifying
the
circumstances
under
which
covers
may
be
opened
and
the
procedures
for
opening
covers.
d)
For
each
emission
source
used
in
the
manufacture
of
pharmaceuticals
for
which
the
owner
or
operator
of
a
pharmaceutical
manufacturing
plant
claims
emission
standards
are
not
applicable,
because
the
emissions
are
below
the
applicability
cutoffs
in
Section
218.480(à)
or
218.480(b),
the
owner
or
operator
shall:
1)
Maintain
a
demonstration
including
detailed
engineering
calculations
of
the
maximum
daily
and
annual
emissions
for
each
such
emission
source
showing that the emissions are below the
applicability
cutoffs
in
Section
218.480(a)
or
218.480(b),
as
appropriate,
for
the current and
prior calendar years;
2)
Maintain appropriate operating records for each
such
emission
source
to
identify
whether
the
applicability
cutoffs
in
Section
218.480(a)
or
218.480(b), as appropriate, are ever exceeded; and
3)
Provide
written
notification
to
the
Agency
and
the
USEPA
within
30
days
of
a
determination
that
such
an
emission
source
has
exceeded
the
applicability
146
cutoffs
in
Section
218.480(a)
or
218.480(b),
as
appropriate.
e)
Records
required
under
subsection
(a)
shall
be
maintained
by
the
owner
or
operator:
for
a
minimum
of
two
years
after
the
date
on
which
they
are
made.
f)
Copies
of
the
records
shall
be
made
available
to
the
Agency
or
the
USEPA
upon
verbal
or
written
request.
SUBPART
V:
AIR
OXIDATION
PROCESSES
Section 218.521
Definitions
In
addition
to
the
definitions
of
35
Ill.
Adm.
Code
211,
the
following
definitions
apply
to
this
Subpart:
“Air
Oxidation
Process”:
any
unit process including
ammoxidation and oxychlorination which uses air or a
combination
of
air
and
oxygen
as
an
oxidant
in
combination
with
one
or
more
organic
reactants
to
produce
one
or
more
organic
compounds.
lICost
Effectiveness”:
the
annual
expense
for
cost
of
control
of
a
given
process
stream
divided
by
the
reduction
in
emissions
of
organic
material
of
that
stream.
“Flow
(F)”:
Vent
stream
flowrate
(scm/mm)
at
a
standard
temperature
of
20°C.
“Full
Operating
Flowrate”:
Maximum
operating
capacity
of
the
facility.
“Hourly
Emissions
(E)”:
Hourly emissions reported in
kg/hr
measured
at
full
operating
flowrate.
“Net
Heating
Value
(H)”:
Vent
stream
net
heating
value
(MJ/scm),
where
the
net
enthalpy
per
mole
of
offgas
is
based
on
combustion
at
25°C and
760
mm
Hg, but the
standard temperature for determining the volume
corresponding
to one mole is 20°C,as in the definition
of
“Flow.”
“Process
Vent
Stream”:
An
emission
stream
resulting
from
an
air
oxidation
process.
“Total
Resource
Effectiveness
Index
(TRE)”:
Cost
effectiveness
in
dollars
per
megagram
of
controlling
any
gaseous
stream
vented
to
the
atmosphere
from
an
air
oxidation
process
divided
by
$1600/Mg,
using
the
criteria
and
methods
set
forth
in
this
Subpart
and
147
Appendices
C
and
D.
Section
218.525
Emission
Limitations
for
Air
Oxidation
Processes
a)
No
person
shall
cause
or
allow
the
emission
of
VON
from
any process vent stream unless the process vent stream
is
vented
to
a
combustion
device
which
is
designed
and
operated either:
1)
To
reduce
the
volatile
organic
emissions
vented
to
it with an efficiency of at least ninety eight
percent
(98)
by
weight;
or
2)
To
emit
VOM at
a
concentration
less
than
twenty
parts
per
million
by
volume,
dry
basis.
b)
Air
oxidation
facilities
for
which
an
existing
combustion device is employed to control process VON
emissions are not required to meet the 98 percent
emissions limit until the combustion device is replaced
for other reasons, which shall be considered to
include, but not be limited to, normal maintenance,
malfunction,
accident,
and
obsolescence.
The
combustion device is considered to be replaced when:
1)
All
of
the
device
is
replaced;
or
2)
When
the
cost
of
the
repair
of
the
device
or
the
cost of replacement of part of the device exceeds
50
of the cost of replacing the entire device
with
a
device
which
complies.
c)
The limitations of subsection
(a) do not apply to any
process vent stream or combination of process vent
streams which has a Total Resource Effectiveness Index
(TRE) greater than 1.0, as determined by the following
methods:
1)
If an air oxidation process has more than one
process vent stream, TRE shall be based upon a
combination
of
the
process
vent
streams.
2)
TRE
of a process vent stream shall be determined
according
to
the following equation:
TRE
=
El
a
+
bF’~+
cF
+
dFH
+
e(FH)’~
+
fF°.53
where:
n
=
0.88
148
TRE
=
Total
resource
effectiveness
index.
F
=
Vent stream flowrate (scm/mm), at a
standard temperature :of 20°C.
E
=
Hourly measured emissions in kg/hr.
H
=
Net heating value of vent stream
(NJ/scm), where the net enthalpy per
mole
of
offgas
is
based
on
combustion
at
25°C and
760
mm
Hg, but the standard
temperature for determining the volume
corresponding
to
one
mole
is
20°C,
as
in
the
definition
of
“Flow”.
a,b,c,d,
e
andf
=
Coefficients
obtained
by
use
of
Appendix
F.
3)
For nonchiorinated process vent streams,
if the
net
heating
value,
H,
is
greater
than
3.6
NJ/scm,
F
shall
be
replaced
by
F1
for
purposes
of
calculating
TRE.
F1 is
computed
as
follows:
Fl
=
FH
/
3.6
where
F
and
H
are
as
defined
in
subsection
(c) (2).
4)
The
actual
numerical
values
used
in
the
equation
described
in
subsection
(C)
(2)
shall
be
determined
as
follows:
A)
All
reference
methods
and
procedures
for
determining
the
flow,
(F),
hourly
emissions,
(E),
and
net
heating,
(H),
value
shall
be
in
accordance
with
Appendix
C.
B)
All
coefficients
described
in
subsection
(c)
(2)
shall
be
in
accordance
with
Appendix
D.
Section 218.526
Testing and Monitoring
a)
Upon
reasonable
request
by
the
Agency,
the
owner
or
operator
of
an
air
oxidation
process
shall
demonstrate
compliance
with
this
Subpart
by
use
of
the
methods
specified in Appendix C.
This Section does not limit
the USEPA’S authority, under the Clean Air Act, to
require
demonstrations
of
compliance.
b)
A person planning to conduct a VON emissions test to
demonstrate compliance with this Subpart shall notify
149
the Agency of that intent not less than 30 days before
the planned initiation of the tests so that the Agency
may observe the test.
~ection
218.527
Compliance
Date
Each owner or operator of an emission source subject to 35 Ill.
Adin. Code 215, Subpart V, as of
December
31,
1987 shall have
complied
with
the
standards
and
limitations
of
35
Ill.
Adm. Code
215,
Subpart
V8
by
December
31,
1987.
SUBPART W:
AGRICULTURE
Section 218.541
Pesticide Exception
The provisions of Sections 218.301 and 218.302 shall not apply to
the spraying or use of insecticides, herbicides or other
pesticides.
SUBPART X:
CONSTRUCTION
Section
218.561
Architectural
Coatings
No person shall cause or allow the sale or use of any
architectural
coating
containing
more
than
20
percent
by
volume
of photo—chemically reactive material in containers having a
capacity of more than one gallon.
Section
218.562
Paving
Operations
The
provisions
of
Sections
218.301
and
218.302
shall
not
apply
to
the
application
of
paving
asphalt
and
pavement
marking
paint
from
sunrise
to
sunset.
Section
218.563
Cutback
Asphalt
a)
No
person
shall
cause
or
allow
the
use
or
application
of cutback asphalt for paving,
resurfacing,
reconditioning,
repairing
or
otherwise
maintaining
a
roadway
unless:
1)
The use or application of the cutback asphalt
commences
on
or
after
October
1
of
any
year
and
such use or application is completed by April 30
of
the
following
year;
or
2)
The cutback asphalt is a long—life stockpile
material
which
remains
in
stock
after
April
30
of
each year and as such it may be used until
depleted
for
patching
potholes
and
for
other
similar repair work;
or
150
3)
The cutback asphalt is
to
be
use4
solely
as
an
asphalt prime coat.
b)
Sources
subject
to
this
Section
are
not
required
to
submit
or
obtain
an
Agency
approved
compliance
plan
or
project completion schedule under 35 Ill.
Adni.
Code
201, Subpart H.
SUBPART
Y:
GASOLINE DISTRIBUTION
Section 218.581
Bulk
Gasoline
Plants
a)
Subject to Subsection
(e),
no
person
may cause
or
allow
the transfer
of
gasoline
from
a
delivery
vessel
into
a
stationary storage tank located at a bulk gasoline
plant unless:
1)
The delivery vessel and the stationary storage
tank are each equipped with a vapor collection
system that meets the requirements of subsection
(d) (4),
2)
Each vapor collection system is operating,
3)
The delivery vessel displays the appropriate
sticker pursuant to the requirements of Sections
218.584
(“b) or
(d),
4)
The pressure relief valve(s) on the stationary
storage tank and the delivery vessel are set to
release at no less than 0.7 psi or the highest
pressure allowed by state or local fire codes or
the guidelines of the National Fire Prevention
Association, and
5)
The stationary storage tank is equipped with a
submerged loading pipe.
b)
Subject to subsection
(f), no person may cause or allow
the transfer of gasoline from a stationary storage tank
located at a bulk gasoline plant into a delivery vessel
unless:
1)
The requirements set forth in subsections
(a) (1)
through
(a) (4) are met, and
2)
Equipment
is
available at the bulk gasoline plant
to provide for the submerged filling of the
delivery
vessel or the delivery vessel is equipped
for bottom loading.
C)
Subject to subsection
(e), each owner of a stationary
151
storage tank located at a bulk gasoline plant shall:
1)
Equip each stationary storage tank with a vapor
control system that meets the requirements of
subsection
(a) or
(b), whichever is applicable,
2)
Provide instructions to the operator of the bulk
gasoline plant describing necessary maintenance
operations and procedures for prompt notification
of the owner in case of any malfunction of a vapor
control system, and
3)
Repair,
replace or modify any worn out or
malfunctioning component or element of design.
d)
Subject to subsection (e), each operator of a bulk
gasoline plant shall:
1)
Maintain and operate each vapor control system in
accordance with the owner’s instructions,
2)
Promptly notify the owner of any scheduled
maintenance or malfunction requiring replacement
or repair of a major component of a vapor control
system, and
3)
Maintain gauges, meters or other specified testing
devices in proper working order,
4)
Operate the bulk plant vapor collection system and
gasoline loading equipment in a manner that
prevents:
A)
Gauge pressure from exceeding 45.7 cm
(18
in.)
of water and vacuum from exceeding 15.2
cm
(6
in.) of water,
as measured as close as
possible to the vapor hose connection,
and
B)
A reading equal to or greater than 100
percent of the lower explosive limit
(LEL
measured as propane) when tested in
accordance with the procedure described in
“Control of Volatile Organic Compound Leaks
from Gasoline Tank Trucks and Vapor
Collection Systems”, Appendix B,
EPA 450/2-78-051,
(incorporated by reference
in Section 218.112), and
C)
Avoidable leaks of liquid during loading or
unloading operations.
5)
Provide a pressure tap or equivalent on the bulk
152
plant vapor collection system in order to allow
the determination of compliance with subsection
(d) (4) (A), and
6)
Within 15 business days after discovery of any
leak by the owner, the operator, the Agency or the
USEPA, repair and retest a vapor collection system
which exceeds the limits of subsection
(d) (4) (A)
or
(B).
e)
The requirements of subsections
(a),
(C)
and
(d)
shall
not apply to:
1)
Any stationary storage tank with a capacity of
less than 2,177
1
(575 gal), or
2)
Any bulk gasoline plant whose daily gasoline
throughput is less than 15,140 1
(4,000 gal/day)
on a thirty—day rolling average.
f)
The requirements of subsection
(b)
shall apply only to
bulk gasoline plants whose daily gasoline throughput is
greater than or
equal
to 15,140 1
(4,000 gal/day) on a
thirty-day rolling average.
g)
Any bulk gasoline plant which is ever subject to
subsections
(a),
(b),
(c), or
(d)
shall always be
subject
to these paragraphs.
Section 218.582
Bulk Gasoline Terminals
a)
No person shall cause or allow the transfer of gasoline
into any delivery vessel from any bulk gasoline
terminal unless:
1)
The bulk gasoline terminal is equipped with a
vapor control system that limits emission of VON
to 80 mg/i (0.00067 lbs/gal)
of gasoline loaded;
2)
The vapor control system is operating and all
vapors displaced in the loading of gasoline to the
delivery vessel are vented only to the vapor
control system;
3)
There is no liquid drainage from the loading
device when it is not in use;
4)
All loading and vapor return lines are equipped
with fittings which are vapor tight; and
5)
The delivery vessel displays the appropriate
sticker pursuant to the requirements of Section
153
218.584(b)
or (d); or,
if the terminal is
driver—loaded, the terminal owner or operator
shall be deemed to be in compliance with this
Section when terminal access authorization is
limited to those owners and/or operators of
delivery vessels who have provided a current
certification as required by Section
218.584(c) (3).
b)
Bulk gasoline terminals were required to take certain
actions to achieve compliance which are summarized in
35 Ill.
Adin. Code 215, Appendix C.
~)
The
operator
of
a
bulk
gasoline
terminal
shall:
1)
Operate the terminal vapor collection system and
gasoline loading equipment in a manner that
prevents:
A)
Gauge pressure from exceeding 18 inches of
water and vacuum from exceeding 6 inches of
water as measured as close as possible to the
vapor hose connection; and
B)
A reading equal to or greater than 100
percent of the lower explosive limit (LEL
measured as propane) when tested in
accordance with the procedure described in
EPA 450/2-78-051 Appendix B incorporated by
reference in Section 218.112; and
C)
Avoidable leaks of liquid during loading or
unloading operations.
2)
Provide a pressure tap or equivalent on the
terminal vapor- collection system in order to allow
the determination of compliance with Section
218.582(d) (1) (A); and
3)
Within 15 business days after discovery of the
leak by the owner, operator, or the Agency repair
and retest a vapor collection system which exceeds
the limits of subsection
(c) (1) (A) or
(B).
Section 218.583
Gasoline Dispensing Facilities
a)
Subject to subsection
(b), no person shall cause or
allow the transfer of gasoline from any delivery vessel
into any stationary storage tank at a gasoline
dispensing facility unless:
1)
The tank is equipped with a submerged loading
154
pipe; and
2)
The vapors displaced from the storage tank during
filling are processed by a vapor control system
that includes one or more of the following:
A)
A vapor collection system that meets the
requirements of subsection
(d)(4); or
B)
A refrigeration-condensation system or any
other system approved by the Agency and
approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision, that
recovers at least 90 percent by weight of all
vaporized organic material from the equipment
being controlled;
and
C)
The delivery vessel displays the appropriate
sticker pursuant to the requirements of
Section 218.584(b)
or
(d).
b)
The requirements of subsection
(a) (2)
shall not apply
to transfers of gasoline to a stationary storage tank
at a gasoline dispensing fiacility if:
1)
The tank is equipped with a floating roof,
or
other system of equal or better emission control
approved by the Agency and approved by the USEPA
as a SIP revision;
2)
The tank has a capacity of less than 2000 gallons
and was in place and operating before January
1,
1979; or
3)
The tank has a capacity of less than 575 gallons.
c)
Subject to subsection
(b), each owner of a gasoline
dispensing facility shall:
1)
Install all control systems and make all process
modifications required by subsection
(a);
2)
Provide instructions to the operator of the
gasoline dispensing facility describing necessary
maintenance operations and procedures for prompt
notification of the owner in case of any
malfunction of a vapor control system; and
3)
Repair, replace or modify any worn out or
malfunctioning component or element of design.
d)
Subject to subsection
(b), each operator of a gasoline
dispensing facility shall:
155
1)
Maintain and operate each vapor control system in
accordance with the owner’s instructions;
2)
Promptly notify the owner of any scheduled
maintenance or malfunction requiring replacement
or repair of a major component of a vapor control
system;
3)
Maintain gauges, meters or other specified testing
devices in proper working order;
4)
Operate the vapor collection system and delivery
vessel unloading points in a manner that prevents:
A)
A reading equal to or greater than 100
percent of the lower explosive limit
(LEL
measured as propane) when tested in
accordance with the procedure described in
EPA 450/2-78-051 Appendix B, and
B)
Avoidable leaks of liquid during the filling
of storage tanks; and
5)
Within 15 business days after discovery of the
leak by the owner,
operator, or the Agency, repair
and retest a vapor collection system which exceeds
the limits of subsection
(d) (4) (A).
e)
Gasoline dispensing facilities were required to take
certain actions to achieve compliance which are
summarized in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 215, Appendix C.
Section 218.584
Gasoline Delivery Vessels
a)
Any delivery vessel equipped for vapor control by use
of vapor collection equipment:
1)
Shall have a vapor space connection that is
equipped with fittings which are vapor tight;
2)
Shall have its hatches closed at all times during
loading or unloading operations, unless a top
loading vapor recovery system is used;
3)
Shall not internally exceed a gauge pressure of 18
inches of water or a vacuum of 6 inches of water;
4)
Shall be designed and maintained to be vapor tight
at all times during normal operations;
5)
Shall not be refilled in Illinois at other than:
156
A)
A bulk gasoline terminal that complies with
the requirements of Section 218.582 or
B)
A bulk gasoline plant that complies with the
requirements of Section 218.581(b).
6)
Shall be tested annually in accordance with Method
27, 40 CFR 60, Appendix A, incorporated by
reference in Section 218.105.
Each vessel must be
repaired and retested within 15 business days
after discovery of the leak by the owner,
operator, or the Agency, when it fails to sustain:
A)
A pressure drop of no more than three inches
of water in five minutes; and
B)
A vacuum drop of no more than three inches of
water in five minutes.
b)
Any delivery vessel meeting the requirements of
subsection
(a)
shall have a sticker affixed to the tank
adjacent to the tank manufacturer’s data plate which
contains the tester’s name, the tank identification
number and the date of the test.
The sticker shall be
in a form prescribed by the Agency,
and, for those
delivery vessels subject to 35 Ill.
Adm. Code 215 as of
December 31,
1987 shall have been displayed no later
than December 31,
1987.
C)
The owner or operator of a delivery vessel shall:
1)
Maintain copies of any test required under
subsection
(a) (6)
for a period of 3 years;
2)
Provide copies of these tests to the Agency upon
request; and
3)
Provide annual test result certification to bulk
gasoline plants and terminals where the delivery
vessel is loaded.
d)
Any delivery vessel which has undergone and passed a
test in another state which has a USEPA-approved leak
testing and certification program will satisfy the
requirements of subsection
(a).
Delivery vessels must
display a sticker, decal or stencil approved by the
state where tested or comply with the requirements of
subsection
(b).
All such stickers, decals or stencils
shall have been displayed no later than December 31,
1987,
for delivery vessels subject to 35 Ill.
Adni. Code
215 as of December 31, 1987.
157
Section 218.585
Gasoline Volatility Standards
a)
No person shall sell, offer for
sale., dispense, supply,
offer for supply, or transport for use in Illinois
gasoline whose Reid vapor pressure exceeds the
applicable limitations set forth in subsections
(b) and
(c) during the regulatory control periods, which shall
be July
1 to August 31 for retail outlets, wholesale
purchaser—consumer facilities, and all other
facilities.
b)
The Reid vapor pressure of gasoline, a measure of its
volatility, shall not exceed 9.5 psi (65.5
kPa)
during
the regulatory control period in 1990 and each year
thereafter.
c)
The Reid vapor pressure of ethanol blend gasolines
shall not exceed the limitations for gasoline set forth
in subsection
(b) by more than 1.0 psi (6.9 kPa).
Notwithstanding this limitation, blenders of ethanol
blend gasolines whose Reid vapor pressure is less than
1.0 psi above the base stock gasoline immediately after
blending with ethanol are prohibited from adding butane
or any product that will increase the Reid vapor
pressure of the blended gasoline.
d)
All sampling of gasoline required pursuant to the
provisions of this Section shall be conducted by one or
more of the following approved methods or procedures
which are incorporated by reference in Section 215.105.
1)
For manual sampling, ASTN D4057;
2)
For automatic sampling, ASTN D4l77;
3)
Sampling procedures for Fuel Volatility, 40 CFR 80
Appendix D.
e)
The Reid vapor pressure of gasoline shall be measured
in accordance with either test method ASTM D323 or a
modification of ASTM D323 known as the “dry method” as
set forth in 40
CFR
80, Appendix E, incorporated by
reference in 35 Ill.
Adni. Code 215.105.
For gasoline
oxygenate blends which contain water—extractable
oxygenates, the Reid vapor pressure shall be measured
using the
dry
method test.
f)
The ethanol content of ethanol blend gasolines shall be
determined by use of one of the approved testing
methodologies specified in 40
CFR
80, Appendix F,
incorporated by reference in 35
Ill. Adm. Code 215.105.
158
g)
Any
alternate to the sampling or testing methods or
procedures contained in subsections
:(d),
(e), and
(f)
must be approved by the Agency, which shall consider
data comparing the performance of the proposed
alternative to the performance of one or more approved
test methods or procedures.
Such data shall accompany
any request for Agency approval of any alternate test
procedure.
If the Agency determines that such data
demonstrates that the proposed alternative will achieve
results equivalent to the approved test methods or
procedures, the Agency shall approve the proposed
alternative.
h)
Each refiner or supplier that distributes gasoline or
ethanol blends shall:
1)
During the regulatory control period,
state that
the Reid vapor pressure of all gasoline or ethanol
blends leaving the refinery or distribution
facility for use in Illinois complies with the
Reid vapor pressure limitations set forth in 35
Ill.
Adni. Code 215.585(b) and
(c).
Any facility
receiving this gasoline shall be provided with a
copy of an invoice, bill of lading, or other
documentation used in normal business practice
stating that the Reid vapor pressure of the
gasoline complies with the State Reid vapor
pressure standard.
2)
Maintain records for a period of one year on the
Reid vapor pressure, quantity shipped and date of
delivery of any gasoline or ethanol blends leaving
the refinery or distribution facility for use in
Illinois.
The Agency shall be provided with
copies of such records if requested.
SUBPART Z:
DRY
CLEANERS
Section 218.601
Perchloroethylene Dry Cleaners
The owner or operator of a dry cleaning facility which uses
perchloroethylene shall:
a)
Vent the entire dryer exhaust through a properly
designed and functioning carbon adsorption system or
equally effective control device; and
b)
Emit no more than 100 ppmv of VON from the dryer
control device before dilution, or achieve a 90 percent
average reduction before dilution; and
159
c)
Immediately repair all components found to be leaking
liquid VON; and
d)
Cook or treat all diatomaceous earth filters so that
the residue contains 25 kg
(55 lb)
or less of VON per
100 kg (220 lb) of wet waste material; and
e)
Reduce the VON from all solvent stills to 60 kg
(132
lb) or less per 100 kg (220 lb) of wet waste material;
and
f)
Drain all filtration cartridges in the filter housing
or other sealed container for at least 24 hours before
discarding the cartridges; and
g)
Dry all drained filtration cartridges in equipment
connected to an emission reduction system or in .a
manner that will eliminate emission of VON to the
atmosphere.
Section 218.602
Exemptions
The provisions of Section 218.601 are not applicable to
perchloroethylene dry cleaning operations which are coin—operated
or to dry cleaning facilities consuming less than 30 gal per
month
(360 gal per year)
of perchloroethylene.
Section 218.603
Leaks
The presence of leaks shall be determined for purposes of Section
218.601(c) by a visual inspection of the following: hose
connections, unions, couplings and valves; machine door gaskets
and seatings; filter head gasket and seating; pumps; base tanks
and storage containers; water separators; filter sludge recovery;
distillation unit; diverter valves; saturated lint from lint
baskets; and cartridge filters.
Section 218.604
Compliance Dates
Every owner or operator of an emission source previously subject
to 35 Ill.
Adni. Code 215, Subpart
Z,
shall have complied with its
standards and limitations in accordance with the applicable dates
set forth in 35 Ill.
Adju.
Code 215.604.
Section 218.605
Compliance Plan
a)
The owner or operator of an emission source subject to
this Subpart shall have submitted to the Agency a
compliance plan, pursuant to 35 Ill.
Adni. Code 201,
Subpart H, including a project completion schedule
where applicable,
no later than,
for Section 218.601(a)
and
(b), April 21,
1983.
160
b)
Unless the submitted compliance plan ~orschedule was
disapproved by the Agency, the owner or operator of a
facility or emission source may operate the emission
source according to the plan and schedule as submitted.
c)
The plan and schedule shall meet the requirements of 35
Ill. Adm. Code 201, Subpart H, including specific
interim dates as required in 35 Ill. Mm. Code 201.242.
Section 218.606
Exception to Compliance Plan
Coin-operated dry cleaning operations and dry cleaning facilities
consuming less than 30 gal per month
(360 gal per year) of
perchloroethylene are not required to submit or obtain an Agency
approved compliance plan or project completion schedule.
Section 218.607
Standards for Petroleum Solvent Dry Cleaners
a)
The owner or operator of a petroleum solvent dry
cleaning dryer shall either:
1)
Limit emissions of VON to the atmosphere to an
average of 3.5 kilograms of VON per 100 kilograms
dry
weight of articles dry cleaned, or
2)
Install and operate a solvent recovery dryer in a
manner such that the dryer remains closed and the
recovery phase
continues until a final solvent
flow rate of 50 milliliters per minute is
attained.
b)
The owner or operator of a petroleum solvent filtration
system shall either:
1)
Reduce the VOM content in all filtration wastes to
1.0 kilogram or less per 100 kilograms dry weight
of articles dry cleaned, before disposal, and
exposure to the atmosphere, or
2)
Install and operate a cartridge filtration system,
and drain the filter cartridges in their sealed
housings for 8 hours or more before their removal.
Section 218.608
Operating Practices for Petroleum Solvent Dry
Cleaners
In order to minimize fugitive solvent emissions, the owner or
operator of a petroleum solvent dry cleaning facility shall
employ good housekeeping practices including the following:
a)
General Housekeeping Requirements
161
1)
Equipment containing solvent
(washers,
dryers,
extractors and filters) shall remain closed at all
times except during load transfer and maintenance.
Lint filter and button trap covers shall remain
closed except when solvent—laden material is being
removed.
2)
Cans, buckets, barrels and other containers of
solvent or of solvent—laden material shall be
covered except when in use.
3)
Solvent-laden material shall be exposed to the
atmosphere only for the minimum time necessary for
load transfer.
b)
Installation and operation of equipment:
1)
All cartridge filters shall be enclosed and
operated in accordance with the procedures and
specifications recommended by the manufacturer for
the cartridge filter.
After installation, the
cartridges shall be inspected, monitored and
maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s
recommendations; and
2)
Vents on containers for new solvent and for
solvent-containing waste shall be constructed and
maintained so as to minimize solvent vapor
emissions.
Criteria for the minimization of
solvent vapor emissions include the elimination of
solvent buckets and barrels standing open to the
atmosphere,
and the repair of gaskets and seals
that expose solvent—rich environments to the
atmosphere, to be determined through visual
inspection.
Section 218.609
Program for Inspection and Repair of
Leaks
a)
The owner or operator of a petroleum solvent dry
cleaning facility shall conduct the following visual
inspections on a weekly basis:
1)
Washers, dryers, solvent filters, settling tanks,
vacuum stills and containers and conveyors of
petroleum solvent shall be inspected for visible
leaks of solvent liquid.
2)
Pipes, hoses and fittings shall be inspected for
active dripping or dampness.
162
3)
Pumps and filters shall be inspected for leaks
around seals and access covers.
4)
Gaskets and seals shall be inspected for wear and
defects.
b)
Leaks of petroleum solvent liquid and vapors shall be
repaired within three working days of detection,
unless
necessary replacement parts are not on site.
1)
If necessary, repair parts shall be ordered within
three working days of detection of the leak.
2)
The leak shall be repaired within three days of
delivery of necessary parts.
Section 218.610
Testing and Monitoring
a)
Compliance with Sections 218.607(b) (2), 215.608 and
215.609 shall be determined by visual inspection; and
b)
Compliance with Sections 218.607(a) (2) and
(b) (1)
shall
be determined by methods described in EPA—450/3—82—009
(1982)
incorporated by reference in Section 218.112.
c)
If a control device is used to comply with Section
218.607(a) (1), then compliance shall be determined
using 40 CFR 60 Appendix A, Method 25 (1984)
incorporated by reference in Section 218.112.
Section 218.611
Exemption for Petroleum Solvent Dry Cleaners
The provisions of Sections 218.607 through 218.610 shall not
apply to petroleum solvent
dry
cleaning facilities whose
emissions of VON do not exceed 91 megagrams
(100 tons) per year
in the absence of pollution control equipment or whose emissions
of VON, as limited by the operating permit, will not exceed 91
megagrams (100 tons) per year in the absence of pollution control
equipment.
Section 218.612
Compliance Dates
Owners and operators of emission sources subject to 35 Ill.
Adin.
Code 215.607 through 215.609 as of December 31,
1987 shall have
complied with the requirements set forth therein no later than
December 31, 1987.
Section 218.613
Compliance Plan
a)
The owner or operator of an emission source subject to
35 Ill. Adm. Code 215.610(a) as of May 31,
1987 shall
have submitted to the Agency
a compliance plan,
163
including a project completion schedule where
applicable,
no later than Nay 31,
1987.
b)
The plan and schedule shall meet the.requirements of 35
Ill.
Adin. Code 201.
SUBPART AA:
PAINT AND INK MANUFACTURING
Section 218.620
Applicability
a)
This subpart shall apply to all paint and ink
manufacturing plants which:
1)
Include process emission sources not subject to
Subparts
B,
E, F (excluding Section 218
•
204(1)), H
excluding Section 218.405),
Q,
R,
5,
V,
X, Y or Z
of this Part;
and which as a group both:
A)
have maximum theoretical emissions of 91 Mg
(100 tons) or more per calendar year of VON
if no air pollution control equipment were
used, and
B)
are not limited to less than 91 Mg (100 tons)
of VON emissions per calendar year in the
absence of air pollution control equipment,
through production or capacity limitations
contained in a federally enforceable
construction permit or a SIP revision, or
2)
Produce more than 7,570,820
1
(2,000,000 gal) per
calendar year of paint or ink formulations, which
contain less than 10 percent (by weight) water,
and ink formulations not containing as the primary
solvents water, Magie oil or glycol.
b)
For the purposes of this Subpart, uncontrolled VON
emissions are the emissions of VON which would result
if no air pollution control equipment were used.
Section 218.621
Exemption for Waterbase Material and
Heatset—Offset Ink
The requirements of Sections 218.624 and 218.625 and Section
218.628(a) shall not apply to equipment while it is being used to
produce either:
a)
paint or ink formulations which contain 10 percent or
more
(by weight) water, or
b)
inks containing Magie oil and glycol as the primary
solvent.
164
Section 218.623
Permit Conditions
No person shall violate any condition in a permit when the
condition results in exclusion of the plant or an emission source
from this Subpart.
Section 218.624
Open-top Mills, Tanks, Vats or Vessels
No person shall operate an open—top mill,
tank, vat or vessel
with a volume of more than 45 1
(12 gal) for the production of
paint or ink unless:
a)
The mill,
tank, vat or vessel is equipped with a cover
which completely covers the mill, tank, vat or vessel
opening except for an opening no larger than necessary
to allow for safe clearance for a mixer shaft.
Such
cover shall extend at least 1.27 cm (0.5 in) beyond the
outer rim of the opening or be attached to the rim.
b)
The cover remains closed except when production,
sampling, maintenance or inspection procedures require
access.
c)
The cover is maintained in good condition such that,
when in place,
it maintains contact with the rim of the
opening for at least 90 percent of the circumference of
the rim.
Section 218.625
Grinding Mills
a)
No person shall operate a grinding mill for the
production of paint or ink which is not maintained in
accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications.
b)
No person shall operate a grinding mill fabricated or
modified after the effective date of this Subpart which
is not equipped with fully enclosed screens.
c)
The manufacturer’s specifications shall be kept on file
at the plant by the owner or operator of the grinding
mill and be made available to any person upon verbal or
written request during business hours.
Section 218.626
Storage Tanks
a)
The owner or operator shall equip tanks storing VOL
with a vapor pressure greater than 10 kPa
(1.5 psi) at
20~C(68°F)with pressure/vacuum conservation vents set
as a minimum at +/—0.2 kPa
(0.029 psi).
These controls
shall be operated at all times.
An alternative air
pollution control system may be used if it results in a
165
greater emission reduction than these controls.
Any
alternative control system can be allàwed only if
approved by the Agency and approved by the USEPA as a
SIP revision.
b)
Stationary VOL storage containers with a capacity
greater than 946 1
(250 gal)
shall be equipped with a
submerged-fill pipe or bottom fill.
These controls
shall be operated at all times.
An alternative control
system can be allowed only if approved by the Agency
and approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision.
Section 218.628
Leaks
The owner or operator of a paint or ink manufacturing plant
shall,
for the purpose of detecting leaks,
conduct an equipment
monitoring program as set forth below:
a)
Each pump shall be checked by visual inspection each
calendar week for indications of leaks, that is,
liquids dripping from the pump seal.
If there are
indications of liquids dripping from the pump seal, the
pump
shall be repaired as soon as practicable, but no
later than 15 calendar days after the leak is detected.
b)
Any pump, valve, pressure relief valve, sampling
connection, open—ended valve and flange or connector
containing a fluid which is at least 10 percent VON by
weight which appears to be leaking on the basis of
sight, smell or sound shall be repaired as soon as
practicable, but no later than 15 calendar days after
the leak is detected.
c)
A weather proof, readily visible tag, in bright colors
such as red or yellow, bearing an identification number
and the date on which the leak was detected shall be
attached to leaking equipment.
The tag may be removed
upon repair, that is, when the equipment is adjusted or
otherwise altered to allow operation without leaking.
d)
When a leak is detected, the owner or operator shall
record the date of detection and repair and the record
shall be retained at the plant for at least two years
from the date of each detection or each repair attempt.
The record shall be made available to any person upon
verbal or written request during business hours.
Section 218.630
Clean Up
a)
No person shall clean paint or
ink
manufacturing
equipment with organic solvent unless the equipment
being cleaned is completely covered or enclosed except
166
for an opening no larger than necessary to allow safe
clearance for proper operation of the cleaning
equipment, considering the method and materials being
used.
b)
No person shall store organic wash solvent in other
than closed containers, unless closed containers are
demonstrated to be a safety hazard, or dispose of
organic wash solvent in a manner such that more than 20
percent by weight is allowed to evaporate into the
atmosphere.
Section 218.636
Compliance Schedule
Every owner or operator of an emission source subject to the
control requirements of this Subpart shall comply with the
requirements thereof on and after a date consistent with Section
218.106.
Section 218.637
Recordkeeping and Reporting
a)
Upon request by the Agency, the owner or operator of an
emission source which claims to be exempt from the
requirements of this Subpart shall submit records to
the Agency within 30 calendar days from the date of the
request which document that the emission source is in
fact exempt from this Subpart.
•These records shall
include
(but are not limited to) the percent water
(by
weight)
in the paint or ink being produced and the
quantity of Magie oil, glycol and other solvents in the
ink being produced.
b)
Every owner or operator of an emission source which is
subject to the requirements of this Subpart shall
maintain all records necessary to demonstrate
compliance with those requirements at the facility for
three years.
SUBPART
BB:
POLYSTYRENE
PLANTS
Section
218.875
Applicability
of
Subpart
BB
The provisions of this Subpart shall apply to polystyrene plants:
a)
Which use continuous processes to manufacture
polystyrene
-
polybutadiene co—polymer;
and
b)
Which fall within Standard Industrial Classification
Group No.
282, Industry No. 2821, except that the
manufacture of polystyrene resins need not be the
primary manufacturing process at the plant.
167
Section 218.877
Emissions Limitation at Polystyrene Plants
No person shall cause or allow the emissions of VON from the
material recovery section to exceed 0.12 kg of. Volatile Organic
Material per 1000 kg of polystyrene resin produced.
Section 218.879
Compliance Date
Every owner and operator of an emission source subject to 35 Ill.
Adm. Code 215, Subpart BB, as of December 31,
1987,
shall have
complied with its standards and limitations by December 31, 1987.
Section 218.881
Compliance Plan
a)
The owner or operator of an emission source formerly
subject to the requirements of 35 Ill. Mm.
Code 215
Subpart BB shall have submitted to the Agency a
compliance plan in accordance with 35 Ill. Adm. Code
201, Subpart H, including a project completion schedule
on or before December 1,
1987.
b)
Unless the submitted compliance plan or schedule was
disapproved by the Agency, the owner or operator of a
facility or emission source subject to this Subpart may
operate the emission source according to the plan and
schedule as submitted.
c)
The plan and schedule shall meet the requirements of 35
Ill. Mm. Code 201, Subpart H and Section 218.883.
Section 218.883
Special Requirements for Compliance Plan
For sources subject to this Subpart, an approvable compliance
plan shall include:
a)
A description of each process which is subject to an
emissions limitation;
b)
Quantification of the emissions from each process;
c)
A description of the procedures and methods used to
determine the emissions of VOM;
d)
A description of the methods which will be used to
demonstrate compliance with the allowable plantwide
emission limitation (Section 215.877), including a
method of inventory, recordkeeping and emission
calculation or measurement.
Section 218.886
Testing and Monitoring
a)
Upon a reasonable request by the Agency, the owner or
168
operator of a polystyrene plant subject to this Subpart
shall at his own expense demonstrate compliance by use
of the following method:
40 CFR 60, Appendix A, Method
25
-
Determination of Total Gaseous Non—Methane Organic
Emissions as Carbon (1984), incorporated by reference
in Section 218.112.
b)
A person planning to conduct a VON emissions test to
demonstrate compliance with this Subpart shall notify
the Agency of that intent not less than 30 days before
the planned initiation of the tests so the Agency may
observe the test.
SUBPART PP:
MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED PRODUCT MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
Section 218.920
Applicability
a)
The requirements of this Subpart shall apply to a
plant’s miscellaneous fabricated product manufacturing
process emission sources which are not included within
any of the source categories specified in Subparts B,
E, F,
H,
Q,
R,
5,
V,
X,
Y or Z if the plant
is subject
to this Subpart.
A plant is subject to this Subpart if
it contains process emission sources, not regulated by
Subparts B,
E, F (excluding Section 218.204(1)), H
(excluding Section 218.405),
Q,
R,
S,
V,
X, Y or Z of
this Part; which as a group both:
1)
have maximum theoretical emissions of 91 Mg (100
tons) or more per calendar year of VON if no air
pollution control equipment were used,
and
2)
are not limited to less than 91 Mg
(100 tons) of
VON emissions per calendar year in the absence of
air pollution control equipment,
through
production or capacity limitations contained in a
federally enforceable construction permit or a SIP
revision.
b)
If a plant ceases to fulfill the criteria of subsection
(a), the requirements of this Subpart shall continue to
apply to a miscellaneous fabricated products
manufacturing process emission source which was ever
subject to the control requirements of Section 218.926.
C)
No limits under this Subpart shall apply to emission
sources with emissions of VON to the atmosphere less
than or equal to 0.91 Mg (1.0 ton) per calendar year if
the total emissions from such sources not complying
with Section 218.926 does not exceed 4.5 Mg (5.0 tons)
per calendar year.
169
d)
For the purposes of this Subpart, an -emission source
shall
be
considered
regulated
by
a
Subpart
if
it
is
subject
to
the
limits
of
that
Subpart.
An
emission
source
is
not
considered
regulated
by
a
Subpart
if
its
emissions are below the applicability cutoff level or
if
the
source
is
covered
by
an
exemption.
e)
For the purposes of this Subpart, uncontrolled VOM
emissions are the emissions of VON which would result
if no air pollution control equipment were used.
Section 218.923
Permit Conditions
No person shall violate any condition in a permit when the
condition results in exclusion of the plant or an emission source
from this Subpart.
Section 218.926
Control Requirements
Every
owner
or
operator
of
an
emission
source
subject
to
this
Subpart shall comply with the requirements of subsection
(a),
(b)
or
(c):
a)
Emission capture and control techniques which achieve
an overall reduction in uncontrolled VON emissions of
at least 81 percent, or
b)
For coating lines, the daily-weighted average VON
content shall not exceed 0.42 kg VON/i
(3.5 lbs
VON/gal) of coating as applied (minus water and any
compounds which are specifically exempted from the
definition of VON) during any day.
Owners and
operators complying with this Section are not required
to comply with Section 218.301, or
C)
An alternative control plan which has been approved by
the Agency and approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision.
Section 218.927
Compliance Schedule
Every
owner
or
operator
of
an
emission
source
subject
to
the
control requirements of this Subpart shall comply with the
requirements thereof on and after a date consistent with Section
218.106.
Section 218.928
Testing
Any
owncr or operator of a VON emission source which is subject
to this Gubpart shall domonstrate -compliance with
~e ction
21O.~26
by using the applicable test methods and procedures specified in
~in..
inc.
170
~
When in the opinion of the A~encvit ~isnecessary to
conduct testing to demonstrate compliance with Section
281.926, the owner or operator Of a :VOM emission source
subject to the requirements of this Subpart shall,
at
his
own
extense, conduct such tests in accordance with
the applicable test methods and procedures specified in
Section 218.105.
~j
Nothina in this Section shall limit the authority of
the
USEPA
pursuant
to
the
Clean
Air
Act.
as
amended,
to
require testing.
SUBPART QQ:
MISCELLANEOUS FORMULATION MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
Section 218.940
Applicability
a)
The requirements of this Subpart shall apply to a
plant’s miscellaneous formulation manufacturing process
emission sources, which are not included within any of
the source categories specified in Subparts B,
E,
F,
H,
Q,
R,
5, V,
X,
Y or Z of this Part if the plant is
subject to this Subpart.
A plant is subject to this
subpart if it contains process emission sources, not
regulated by Subparts
B,
E,
F (excluding Section
218.204(1)),
H
(excluding
Section
218.405),
Q,
R,
5,
V,
X,
Y
or
Z of this Part; which as a group both:
1)
have maximum theoretical emissions of 91 Mg
(100
tons) or more per calendar year of VOM if no air
pollution control equipment were used,
and
2)
are not limited to less than 91 Mg (100 tons)
of
VON emissions per calendar year in the absence of
air pollution control equipment, through
production or capacity limitations contained in a
federally enforceable cOnstruction permit or a SIP
or FIP revision.
b)
If a plant ceases to fulfill the criteria of subsection
(a), the requirements of this Subpart shall continue to
apply to a miscellaneous formulation manufacturing
process emission source which was ever subject to the
control requirements of Section 218.946.
c)
No limits under this Subpart shall apply to emission
sources with emissions of VON to the atmosphere less
than or equal to 2.3 Mg
(2.5 tons) per calendar year if
the total emissions from such sources not complying
with this Section does not exceed 4.5 Mg (5.0 tons) per
calendar year.
171
d)
For the purposes of this Subpart, an emission source
shall be considered regulated by
a Subpart if it is
subject
to
the
limits
of
that
Subpart.
An
emission
source is not considered regulated by a Subpart if its
emissions are below the applicability cutoff level or
if the source is covered by an exemption.
e)
For the purposes of this Subpart, uncontrolled VON
emissions are the emissions of VOM which would result
if no air pollution control equipment were used.
Section 218.943
Permit Conditions
No person shall violate any condition in a permit when the
condition results in exclusion of the plant or an emission source
from this Subpart.
Section 218.946
Control Requirements
Every owner or operator of an emission source subject to-this
Subpart shall comply with the requirements of subsection
(a) or
(b)
below.
a)
Emission
capture
and
control
techniques
which
achieve
an overall reduction in uncontrolled VON emissions of
at least 81 percent, or
b)
An alternative control plan which has been approved by
the Agency and approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision.
Section 218.947
Compliance Schedule
Every owner or operator of an emission source subject to the
control requirements of this Subpart shall comply with the
requirements thereof on and after a date consistent with Section
218.106.
Section 218.948
Testing
Any
owner-or
operator
of
a
Vp?!
emission
source
vhich
is
subject
to this Llubpart shall demonstrate oomplianoe wit-h Cection 210.~46
by
using
the
applicable
test
methods
and procedures specified in
Ceotion 210.105.
~
When in the o~inion of the Aaency it is necessary to
conduct testing to...demonstrate compliance with Section
218.946. the owner or operator of a
VON
emission
source
subiect
to
the
reauirements
of
this
Subpart shall, at
his
own
expense.
conduct
such
tests
in
accordance
with
the
applicable
test
methods
and
mrocedures
specified
in
Section 218.105.
172
~
Nothing j~this Section shall limit t~eauthority of
the USEPA pursuant to the Clean Air
Act,
as amended, to
reauire
testing.
SUBPART
RR:
MISCELLANEOUS ORGANIC
CHEMICAL
MANUFACTURING
PROCESSES
Section 218.960
Applicability
a)
The requirements of this Subpart shall apply to a
plant’s miscellaneous organic chemical manufacturing
process emission sources which are not included within
any of the source categories specified in Subparts B,
E,
F, H,
Q,
R,
5, V,
X,
Y or Z of this Part,
if the
plant
is
subject
to
this
Subpart.
A
plant
is
subject
to
this
Subpart
if
it
contains
process
emission
sources, not regulated by
Subparts
B,
B,
F (excluding
Section
218.204(1)),
H
(excluding
Section
218.405),
Q,
R,
S,
V,
X, Y or Z of this Part; which as a group both:
1)
have maximum theoretical emissions of 91 Mg
(100
tons)
or more per calendar year of VON if no air
pollution control equipment were used,
and
2)
are not limited to less than 91 Mg (100 tons)
of
VON emissions per calendar year in the absence of
air pollution control equipment,
through
production or capacity limitations contained in a
federally enforceable construction permit or a SIP
revision.
b)
If a plant ceases to fulfill the criteria of subsection
(a), the requirements of this Subpart shall continue to
apply
to
a
miscellaneous
organic
chemical
manufacturing
process emission source which was ever subject to the
control requirements of Section 218.966.
c)
No limits under this
Subpart
shall apply to emission
sources
with
emissions
of
VOM
to
the
atmosphere
less
than or
equal
to 0.91 Mg (1.0 ton) per calendar year if
the
total
emissions
from
such
sources
not
complying
with
Section
218.966
does
not
exceed
4.5
Mg
(5.0
tons)
per calendar year.
d)
For the purposes of this Subpart, an emission source
shall
be
considered
regulated
by
a
Subpart if it is
subject to the limits of that Subpart.
An emission
source is not considered regulated by a Subpart if its
emissions are below the applicability cutoff level or
if the source is covered by an exemption.
e)
For the purposes of this Subpart, uncontrolled VON
173
emissions are the emissions of VON which would result
if no air pollution control equipment were used.
Lection 218.963
Permit Conditions
No person shall violate any condition in a permit when the
condition results in exclusion of the plant or an emission source
from this Subpart.
Section 218.966
Control Requirements
Every owner or operator of an emission source subject to this
Subpart shall comply with the requirements of subsection
(a) or
(b) below.
a)
Emission capture and control techniques which achieve
an overall reduction in uncontrolled VON emissions of
at least 81 percent, or
b)
An alternative control plan which has been approved by
the Agency and approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision.
Section 218.967
Compliance Schedule
Every owner or operator of an emission source subject to the
control requirements of this Subpart shall comply with the
requirements of this Subpart on and after a date consistent with
Section 218.106.
Section 218.968
Testing
Any owner or operator of a VON emission source which is subject
to this Oubpart shall demonstrate compliance with Cection 210.~66
by using the applicable test methods and procedures specified in
Cection 216.105.
~j
When in the opinion of the Aaency it is necessary to
conduct testing to demonstrate compliance with Section
218.966. the owner or operator of a VON emission source
subiect to the reauirements of this Subpart shall. at
his
own
expense.
conduct
such
tests
in
accordance
with
the applicable test methods and procedures specified in
Section 218.105.
~
Nothing in this Section shall limit the authority of
the USEPA pursuant to the Clean Air Act, as amended, to
reauire
testing.
SUBPART TT:
OTHER EMISSION SOURCES
Section 218.980
Applicability
174
a)
The requirements of this Subpart shall apply to a
plant’s VON emission sources, which are not included
within any of the source categories specified in
Subparts B,
E,
F,
H,
Q,
R,
S,
V,
X,
Y,
2, AA, PP, QQ,
or RR of this Part, or are not exempted from permitting
reauirements pursuant to 35 Ill. Mm.
Code
201.146.
if
the plant is subject to this Subpart.
A plant is
subject to this Subpart if it contains process emission
sources, not regulated by Subparts B,
E, F (excluding
Section 218.204(1)), H (excluding Section 218.405),
Q,
R,
5,
V,
X,
‘1 or 2 of this
Part,
which
as
a
group
both:
1)
have maximum theoretical emissions of 91 Mg
(100
tons)
or more per calendar year of VON if no air
pollution control equipment were used, and
2)
are not limited to less than 91 Mg (100 tons)
of
VON emissions per calendar year in the absence of
air pollution control equipment, through
production or capacity limitations contained in a
federally enforceable construction or operating
permit or a SIP revision.
b)
If a plant ceases to fulfill the criteria of subsection
(a), the requirements of this Subpart shall continue to
apply to an emission source which was ever subject to
the control requirements of Section 218.986.
c)
No limits under this Subpart shall apply to emission
sources with emissions of VOM to the atmosphere less
than or equal to 2.3 Mg (2.5 tons) per calendar year if
the total emissions from such sources not complying
with Section 218.986 does not exceed 4.5 Mg (5.0 tons)
per calendar year.
d)
For the purposes of this Subpart, an emission source
shall be considered regulated by a Subpart if it is
subject to the limits of that Subpart.
An emission
source is not considered regulated by a Subpart if its
emissions are below the applicability cutoff level or
if the source is covered by an exemption.
e)
The control requirements in Subparts QQ, RR, SS and TT
shall not apply to sewage treatment plants, vegetable
oil processing plants, coke ovens
(including by—product
recovery plants), fuel combustion sources, bakeries,
barge loading facilities, jet engine test cells,
pharmaceutical manufacturing, production of polystyrene
foam insulation board (including storage and extrusion
of scrap where blowing agent is added to the
polystyrene resin at the plant), production of
polystyrene foam packaging (not including storage and
175
extrusion of scrap where blowing agent is added to the
polystyrene resin at the plant), and -iron and steel
production.
Section
218.983
Permit
Conditions
No person shall violate any condition in a permit when the
condition results in exclusion of the plant or an emission source
from this Subpart.
Section 218.986
Control Requirements
Every
owner
or operator of an emission source subject to this
Subpart shall comply with the requirements of subsection
(a),
(b)
or
(c)
below.
a)
Emission capture and control equipment which achieve an
overall reduction in uncontrolled VON emissions of at
least 81 percent, or
b)
For coating lines, the daily-weighted average VOM
content shall not exceed 0.42 kg VON!.
(3.5 lbs
VOM/gal)
of
coating
(minus
water
and
any
compounds
which are specifically exempted from the definition of
VON) as applied during any day.
Owners
and operators
complying
with
this
Section
are
not
required
to
comply
with
Section
218.301,
or
c)
An alternative control plan which has been approved by
the Agency and approved by the USEPA as a SIP revision.
Section 218.987
Compliance Schedule
Every
owner
or operator of an emissions source which is subject
to this Subpart shall comply with the requirements of this
Subpart
on
and after a date consistent with Section 218.106.
Section
218.988
Testing
Any
owno
to this
r
or operator of a VON emission source which
Cubpart shall demonstrate compliance with Ce
is subject
ation
2l0.~36
by using the applicable test methods and procedures specified in
C-action
213.105.
When
in the opinion of the A~encvit is necessary to
conduct testing to demonstrate comoliance with Section
218.986.
the
owner
or
operator
of
a
VON
emission
source
sublect to the reauirements of this Subpart shall, at
his
own
expense,
conduct
such
tests
in
accordance
with
the annlicable test methods and procedures specified in
Section 218.105.
176
~
Nothing in this Section shall limit the authority of
the USEPA pursuant to the Clean Air Act, as amended, to
recuire
testing.
SUBPART
UU:
RECORDKEEPING
AND
REPORTING
FOR
NON-CTG
SOURCES
Section 218.990
Exempt Emission Sources
Upon request by the Agency,
the
owner
or operator of an emission
source which is exempt from the requirements of Subparts PP, QQ,
RR,
TT
or Section 218.208(b) shall submit records to the Agency
within 30 calendar days from the date of the request that
document that the emission source is exempt from those
requirements.
Section
218.991
Subject
Emission
Sources
a)
Any
owner or operator of a VON emission source which is
subject
to
the
requirements
of Subpart PP,
QQ, PR or TT
and complying by the use of emission. capture and
control equipment shall comply with the following:
~.)
By a date consistent with Section 218.106, or upon
initial start—up of a new emission source, the
owner
or operator of
the
subject VON emission
source shall perform all tests and submit to the
Agency the
results
of all tests and calculations
ncces~ary
to demonstrate to the
Agency
that
the
subject emission source will be in compliance on
and after a date consistent with Section 218.106,
or on and after the initial start-up date
k~
submitting to the
Aaencv
all calculations and
other supporting data,
including descriptions and
results of any tests the
owner
or operator may
have
performed.
2)
On
and
after
a
date consistent with Section
218.106, or on and after the initial
start-up
date, the owner or operator of
a
subject VON
emission
source
shall
collect
and
record
all
of
the following information each day and maintain
the information at the facility for a period of
three
years:
A)
Control device monitoring data.
B)
A log of operating time for the capture
system,
control
device,
monitoring
equipment
and
the
associated
emission
source.
C)
A maintenance log for the capture system,
control device and monitoring equipment
177
detailing all routine and non-routine
maintenance
performed
including
dates
and
duration of any outages.
3)
On and after a date consistent -with Section
218.106, the owner or operator of a subject VON
emission
source
shall
notify
the
Agency
in
the
following instances:
A)
Any
record showing a violation of
the
requirements
of
Subpart
PP,
QQ, PR or TT
shall be reported by sending a copy of such
record to the Agency within 30 days following
the occurrence of the violation.
B)
At least 30 calendar days before changing the
method of compliance with Subpart PP or TT
from the use of capture systems and control
devices to the use of complying coatings, the
owner or operator. shall comply with all
requirements
of subsection
(b) (1).
Upon
changing the method of compliance with
Subpart PP or TT from the use of capture
systems and control devices to the use of
complying coatings, the owner or operator
shall comply with all requirements of
subsection
(b).
LL
fl.
When in the opinion of the Agency it is
necessary
to
conduct
testina to demonstrate
com~1iancewith this Subpart. the owner or
operator
of
a
VON
emission
source
subiect
to
the
requirements
of
this
Subtart shall.
at
his own expense. conduct such tests in
accordance with the applicable test methods
and
procedures
s~ec1fied
in
Section
218.105.
JJJ.
Nothing
in
this
Section
shall
limit
the
authority
of
the USEPA oursuant to the Clean
Air Act. as amended. to recuire testing.
b)
Any
owner
or
operator
of a coating line which is
subject to the requirements of Subpart PP or TT and
complying by means of the daily-weighted average VON
content limitation shall comply with the following:
1)
By a date consistent with Section 218.106, or upon
initial start—up of a coating line subject to
Subpart PP or TT, the owner or operator of the
subject coating line shall certify to the Agency
that the coating line will be in compliance on and
after a date consistent with Section 218.106, or
178
on
and
after
the
initial
start-up
date.
Such
certification shall include:
A)
The name and identification number
of
each
coating line which will comply by means of
the
daily-weighted
average
VON
content
limitation.
B)
The name and identification number of each
coating
as
applied
on
each
coating
line.
C)
The
weight
of
VON
per
volume
and
the
volume
of
each
coating
(minus
water
and
any
compounds
which
are
specifically
exempted
from the definition of VON) as applied each
day on each coating line.
D)
The instrument or method by which the owner
or
operator
will
accurately
measure
or
calculate the volume of each coating as
applied each day on each coating line.
E)
The
method
by
which
the
owner
or
operator
will create and maintain records each day as
required in subsection
(b) (2).
F)
An
example
of
the
format
in
which
the
records
required
in
subsection
(b) (2)
will
be
kept.
2)
On
and
after
a
date
consistent
with
Section
218.106, or on and after
the
initial start-up
date,
the owner or operator of a subject coating
line shall collect and record all of the following
information each day for each coating line and
maintain the information at the facility for a
period of three years:
A)
The
name
and
identification
number
of
each
coating as applied on each coating line.
B)
The weight of VON per volume and the volume
of each coating (minus water and any
compounds
which
are
specifically
exempted
from the definition of VON) as applied each
day
on
each
coating
line.
C)
The daily-weighted average VON content of all
coatings as applied on each coating line as
defined
in
Section
218.104.
3)
On and after a date consistent with Section
218.106, the owner or operator of a subject
179
coating line shall notify the Agency in the
following instances:
A)
Any
record
showing
violation
of
the
requirements of Subpart PP or TT shall be
reported by sending a copy of such record to
the Agency and the USEPA within 30 days
following the occurrence of the violation.
B)
At least 30 calendar days before changing the
method of compliance with Subpart PP or TT
from the use of complying coatings to the use
capture systems and control devices, the
owner or operator shall comply with all
requirements of subsection
(a) (1).
Upon
changing the method of compliance with
Subpart PP or TT from the use of complying
coatings to the use capture systems and
control devices, the owner or operator shall
comply with all requirements of subsection
(a).
C)
Any owner or operator of a VON emission source which is
subject to the requirements of Subpart PP, QQ,
PR
or TT
and complying by means of an alternative control plan
which has been approved by the Agency and approved by
the TJSEPA as a SIP revision shall comply with the
recordkeeping and reporting requirements specified in
the alternative control plan.
180
Appendix A
List of Chemicals Defining Synthetic Organic
Chemical and Polymer Manufacturing
CAS No,
‘
Chemical
105—57—7
Acetal
75-07-0
Acetaldehyde
107—89—1
Acetaldol
60-35—5
Acetamide
103-84-4
Acetanilide
64-19-7
Acetic acid
108—24—7
Acetic anhydride
67—64-1
Acetone
75-86-5
Acetone cyanohydrin
75-05-8
Acetonitrile
98-86-2
Acetophenone
75-36-5
Acetyl chloride
74—86—2
Acetylene
107—02—8
Acrolein
79-06—1
Acrylamide
79-10-7
Acrylic acid
& esters
107—13—1
Acrylonitrile
124—04—9
Adipic acid
111-69-3
Adiponitrile
~b)
Alkyl naphthalenes
107—18—6
Ally.
alcohol
107—05—1
Allyl chloride
1321-11-5
Aminobenzoic acid
111-41-1
Aminoethylethanolamine
123-30-8
p-aminophenol
628—63-7,
Amyl
acetates
123—92—2
Ainyl alcohols
110—58—7
Amyl amine
543-59-9
Amyl chloride
ll0~6B~7c
Amyl mercaptans
1322—06—1
Amyl phenol
62—53—3
Aniline
142-04—1
Aniline hydrochloride
29191—52—4
Anisidine
100—66—3
Anisole
118-92-3
Anthranilic acid
84-65-1
Anthraquinone
100—52—7
Benzaldehyde
55-21-0
Benzamide
71-43-2
Benzene
98—48-6
Benzenedisulfonic acid
98—11-3
Benzenesulfonic acid
134—81—6
Benzil
76-93—7
Benzilic acid
65—85—0
Benzoic acid
119—53—9
Benzoin
181
100-47—0
Benzonitrile
119-61-9
Benzophenone
98—07—7
Benzotrichloride
98—88-4
Benzoyl chloride
100—51—6
Benzyl alcohol
100-46-9
Benzylamine
120-51-4
Benzyl
benzoate
100-44-7
Benzyl chloride
98—87-3
Benzyl
dichloride
92—52-4
Biphenyl
80-05-7
Bispheno.
A
10-86-1
Broiuobenzene
27497—51—4
Bromonaphthalene
106-99-0
Butadiene
106—98—9
1—butene
123-86-4
n-butyl acetate
141-32-2
n-butyl acrylate
71-36-3
n-butyl alcohol
78—92-2
s—butyl alcohol
75—65—0
t-butyl alcohol
109-73-9
n-butylamine
13952—84—6
s—butylamine
75-64-9
t-butylamine
98-73-7
p-tert-butyl benzoic acid
107—88-0
1,3—butylene glycol
123-72-8
n-butyraldehyde
107-92-6
Butyric acid
106-31-0
Butyric anhydride
109—74-0
Butyronitrile
105—60—2
Caprolactam
75-1-50
Carbon disulfide
558-13-4
Carbon tetrabromide
55-23-5
Carbon tetrachloride
9004—35—7
Cellulose acetate
79-11-8
Chloroacetic acid
108—42—9
m-chloroaniline
95-51-2
o-chloroaniline
106-47—8
p-chloroaniline
35913-09—8
Chlorobenzaldehyde
108-90-7
Chlorobenzene
118—91-2,
Chlorobenzoic
acid
535—80—8,
74—11—3c
2136-81-4,
Chlorobenzotrichloride
2136—89—2
5216—25—1
132 1-03-5
Chlorobenzoyl
chloride
75—45-6
Chlorodifluoroethane
25497-29-4
Chlorodifluoromethane
67—66—3
Chloroform
25586-43-0
Chloronaphthalene
88-73-3
o—chloronitrobenzene
182
100—00-5
p-chloronitrobenzene
25167—80-0
Chlorophenols
126-99-8
Chioroprene
7790—94-5
Chlorosulfonic acid
108—41—8
m-chlorotoluene
95-49-8
o-chlorotoluene
106-43-4
p-chlorotoluene
75-72-9
Chlorotrifluoromethane
108—39—4
m—cresol
95—48—7
o—cresol
106—44—5
p—cresol
1319-77-3
Mixed
cresols
1319-77—3
Cresylic
acid
4170-30-0
Crotonaldehyde
3724-65-0
Crontonic
acid
98—82—8
Cumene
80-15-9
Cuinene
hydroperoxide
372-09—8
Cyanoacetic acid
506-77-4
Cyanogen chloride
108—80—5
Cyanuric acid
108-77—0
Cyanuric
chloride
110-82—7
Cyclohexane
108—93—0
Cyclohexanol
108—94-1
Cyclohexanone
110—83—8
Cyclohexene
108-91-8
Cyclohexylamine
111-78-4
Cyclooctadiene
112—30-1
Decanol
123—42-2
Diacetone alcohol
27576-04—1
Diaminobenzoic acid
95—76—1,
Dichloroaniline
95—82—9,
554—00—7,
608—27—5,
608—31—1,
626—43—7,
27134—27—6,
5731l—92_9c
541-73-1
m-dichlorobenzene
95-50-1
o-dichlorobenzene
106-46-7
p-dichlorobenzene
75—71—8
Dichlorodifluoromethane
111-44-4
Dichloroethyl
ether
107—06-2
l,2-dichloroethane
(EDC)
96-23-1
Dichlorohydrin
26952—23-8
Dichloropropene
101—83—7
Dicyclohexylamine
109-89-7
Diethylamine
111—46—6
Diethylene glycol
112-36-7
Diethylene glycol diethyl ether
111—96-6
Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether
112-34-5
Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether
183
124-17-7
Diethylerie glycol mononbutyl ether acetate
111—90-0
Diethylene glycol monoethyi ether
112—15-2
Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate
111-77-3
Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether
64—67-5
Diethyl sulfate
75-37-6
Difluoroethane
25167—70—8
Diisobutylene
26761-40—0
Diisodecyl
phtha.ate
-27554—26—3
Diisooctyl
phthalate
674—82—8
Diketene
124—40—3
Dimethylainine
121-69-7
N,N-dimethylaniline
115-10-6
N,N—dimethyl ether
68-12—2
N,N-dimethylformamide
57-14-7
Dimethylhydrazine
77-78—1
Dimethyl sulfate
75-18—3
Dimethyl sulfide
67-68—5
Dimethyl sulfoxide
120-61-6
Dimethyl terephthalate
99-34-3
3,5—dinitrobenzo.ic acid
51-28—5
Dinitrophenol
Dinitrotoluene
123—91—1
Dioxane
646—06—0
Dioxilane
122—39-4
Diphenylamine
101—84-4
Diphenyl oxide
102-08-9
Diphenyl thiourea
25265—71-8
Dipropylene glycol
25378—22-7
Dodecene
28675—17-4
Dodecylaniline
27193-86-8
Dodecylphenol
106-89-8
Epichlorohydrin
64—17—5
Ethanol
Ethanolamines
141—78-6
Ethyl
acetate
141-97-9
Ethyl acetoacetate
140—88-5
Ethyl
acrylate
75-04—7
Ethylamine
100—41-4
Ethylbenzene
74-96-4
Ethyl
bromide
9004-57-3
Ethylcellulose
75-00-3
Ethyl chloride
105-39-5
Ethyl chloroacetate
105-56-6
Ethylcyanoacetate
74—85—1
Ethylene
96-49-1
Ethylene
carbonate
107-07-3
Ethylene
chlorohydrin
107—15-3
Ethylenediamine
106-93-4
Ethylene
dibromide
107—21-1
Ethylene glycol
111-55-7
Ethylene glycol diacetate
110-71-4
Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether
184
111-76-2
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether
112-07-2
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate
110-80—5
Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether
~.1l-15—9
Ethylene
glycol
monoethyl:.-ether
acetate
109-86-4
Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether
110-49-6
Ethylene
glyco.
monomethyl
ether
acetate
122-99-6
Ethylene
glycol
monophenyl
ether
2807—30-9
Ethylene glycol monopropyl ether
75-21-8
Ethylene
oxide
60—29-7
Ethyl
ether
104 -7 6-7
2-ethylhexanol
122—51—0
Ethyl orthoformate
95-92-1
Ethyl
oxalate
41892—71—1
Ethyl
sodium
oxaloacetate
50-00-0
Formaldehyde
75-12—7
Forinamide
64—18—6
.
Formic
acid
110—17—8
Fumaric
acid
98—01—1
Furfural
56-81—5
Glycerol
(Synthetic)
26545-73—7
Glycerol
dichlorohydrin
25791—96—2
Glycerol
triether
56—40—6
Glycine
107—22—2
Glyoxal
118-74-1
Hexachlorobenzene
67-72-1
Hexachioroethane
36653—82-4
Hexadecyl
alcohol
124-09-4
Hexamethylenediamine
629-11—8
Hexamethylene
glycol
100-97-0
Hexamethylenetetramine
74-90-8
Hydrogen
cyanide
123-31-9
Hydroquinone
99-96—7
p-hydroxybenzoic acid
26760—64—5
Isoamylene
78-83—1
Isobutanol
110-19-0
Isobutyl
acetate
115-11-7
Isobutylene
-
78-84—2
Isobutyraldehyde
79-31—2
Isobutyric
acid
25339—17—7
Isodecanol
26952—21—6
Isooctyl
alcohol
78—78—4
Isopentane
78—59-1
Isophorone
121—91—5
Isophthalic
acid
78—79—5
Isoprene
67—63-0
Isopropanol
108-21-4
Isopropyl
acetate
75-31-0
Isopropylamine
75—29-6
Isopropyl
chloride
25168-06-3
Isopropylphenol
463-51—4
Ketene
~b)
Linear alkyl sulfonate*
185
123—01-3
Linear alkylbenzene
110-16—7
Maleic acid
108-31-6
Naleic anhydride
6915—15—7
Malic acid
141—79—7
Nesityl oxide
121—47-1
Metanilic acid
79-41—4
Methacrylic
acid
563—47—3
Methallyl chloride
67-56—1
Methanol
79-20—9
Methyl acetate
105—45-3
Methyl acetoacetate
74-89-5
Methylamine
100—61—8
n—methylaniline
74-83-9
Methyl bromide
37365-71-2
Methyl butynol
74-87-3
Methyl chloride
108-87-2
Methyl cyclohexane
1331-22-2
Methyl cyclohexanone
75-09—2
Methylene chloride
101—77-9
Methylene dianiline
101—68—8
Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate
78-93-3
Methyl ethyl ketone
107—31-3
Methyl
formate
108—11-2
Methyl isobutyl carbinol
108—10-1
Methyl isobutyl ketone
80-62-6
Methyl methacrylate
77-75-8
Methylpentynol
98-83—9
B-methylstyrene
110—91-8
Morpholine
85-47—2
a-naphthalene sulfonic acid
120-18—3
B—naphthalene
sulfonic
acid
90—15—3
a-naphthol
135-19-3
B-naphthol
75—98—9
Neopentanoic
acid
88-74—4
o-nitroaniline
100—01—6
p-nitroaniline
91-23—6
o—nitroanisole
100-17—4
p—nitroanisole
98—95—3
Nitrobenzene
Nitrobenzoic
acid
(0,
m
&
p)
79-24-3
Nitroethane
75-52-5
Nitromethane
88—75—5
Nitrophenol
25322—01—4
Nitropropane
1321-12-6
Nitrotoluene
27215—95—8
Nonene
25154-52-3
Nonylphenol
27193-28-8
Octyiphenol
123-63-7
Paraldehyde
115-77-5
Pentaerythritol
109-66—0
n—pentane
109—67—1
l—pentene
186
127-18-4
Perchloroethylene
594—42—3
Perchloromethyl
mercaptan
94-70-2
o-phenetidine
156—43—4
p-phenetidine
108—95—2
Phenol
98—67-9,
Phenolsulfonic acids
585—38—6,
609—46—1,
133—39—7c
91—40-7
Phenyl
anthranilic
acid
~b)
Phenylenediamine
75—44—5
Phosgene
85-44-9
Phthalic
anhydride
85-41—6
Phthalimide
108—99—6
b-picoline
110—85—0
Piperazine
9003-29-6,
Polybutenes
25322—68-3
Polyethylene
glycol
25322-69-4
Polypropylene
glycol
123—38—6
Propionaldehyde
79-09-4
Propionic acid
71-23-8
n-propyl alcohol
107-10-8
Propylamine
540—54-5
Propyl
chloride
115-07-1
Propylene
127-00-4
Propylene
chlorohydrin
78-87—5
Propylene
dichloride
57—55-6
Propylene
glycol
75-56-9
Propylene
oxide
110—86—1
Pyridine
106—51—4
Quinone
108—46—3
Resorcinol
27138—57—4
Resorcylic acid
69—72—7
Salicylic
acid
127-09-3
Sodium acetate
532-32-1
Sodium
benzoate
9004-32-4
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose
3926-62-3
Sodium chloroacetate
14 1—53—7
Sodium
formate
139—02—6
Sodium phenate
110—44-1
Sorbic acid
100—42—5
Styrene
110—15—6
Succinic
acid
110—61—2
Succinitrile
121—57—3
Sulfanilic
acid
126—33—0
Sulfolane
1401-55—4
Tannic
acid
100-21-0
Terephthalic
acid
Tetrachloroethanes
117-08-8
Tetrachlorophthalic anhydride
78-00-2
Tetraethyllead
187
119-64-2
Tetrahydronaphthalene
85-43-8
Tetrahydrophthalic
anhydride
75-74-1
Tetramethyllead
110-60-1
Tetramethylenediamine
110-18—9
Tetramethylethylenediamine
108—88-3
Toluene
95—80—7
Toluene—2
,
4—diamine
584—84—9
Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate
26471-62—5
Toluene diisocyanates
(mixture)
1333-07-9
Toluene sulfonamide
Toluenesulfonic acids
98-59-9
Toluene sulfonyl chloride
26915—12—8
Toluidines
87-61-6,
Trichlorobenzenes
108—70—3,
l2O—82—lc
7 1—55-6
1,1,
l—trichloroethane
79-00-5
1,1,2-trichloroethane
79-01-6
Trichloroethylene
75-69-4
Trichlorofluoromethane
9 6-18-4
1,2,
3-trichloropropane
76—13-1
1,1,2-trichloro—l, 2,2—trifluoroethane
121—44-8
Triethylamine
112-27-6
Triethylene glycol
112-49-2
Triethylene
glycoldimethy.
ether
7756-94-7
Triisobutylene
7 5-50-3
Trimethylamine
57—13—6
Urea
108—05—4
Vinyl acetate
75-01-4
Vinyl chloride
75—35-4
Vinylidene chloride
25013—15—4
Vinyl toluene
1330-20-7
Xylenes
(mixed)
95-47—6
o-xylene
106—42—3
p—xylene
1300—71—6
Xylenol
1300—73—8
Xylidine
~b)
methyl tert-butyl ether
9002-88—4
Polyethylene
~b)
Polypropylene
9009-53-6
Polystyrene
a)
CAS
numbers
refer
to
the
Chemical
Abstracts
Registery
numbers
assigned to specific chemicals,
isomers or mixtures of
chemicals.
Some isomers or mixtures that are covered by the
standards do not have CAS numbers assigned to them.
The
standards apply to all of the chemicals listed, whether CAS
numbers have been assigned or not.
b)
No CAS number(s) have been assigned to this chemical, to its
isomers,
or
mixtures
containing
these
chemicals.
188
c)
CAS numbers for some of the isomers are listed:
the
standards apply to all of the isomers and mixtures, even if
CAS
numbers
have not been assigned.
189
Appendix B
VON Measurement Techniques for Capture Efficiency
Procedure Gi
-
Captured VOC Emissions
1.
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Applicability.
This procedure is applicable for determining
the volatile organic compounds (VOC) content of captured gas
streams.
It is intended to be used as
-
a segment in the
development of liquid/gas or gas/gas protocols for determining
VOC capture efficiency (CE) for surface coating and printing
operations.
The procedure may not be acceptable in certain
site—specific situations,
e.g., when:
(1) direct fired heaters or
other circumstances affect the quantity of VOC at the control
device inlet; and
(2). particulate organic aerosols are formed in
the process and are present in the captured emissions.
12
Principle.
The amount of VOC captured
(G)
is calculated as
the sum of the products of the VOC content
(CGJ), the flow rate
(Q~),and the sample time
(Tc)
from each captured emissions
point.
1.3
Estimated
Measurement
Uncertainty.
The
measurement
uncertainties are estimated for each captured or fugitive
emissions point as follows:
=
5.5 percent and
C~
=
±5.0percent.
Based on these numbers, the probable
uncertainty for G is estimated at about ±7~4
percent.
1.4
Sampling Requirements.
A capture efficiency test shall
consist of at least three sampling runs.
The sampling time for
each
run
should be at least
8 hours, unless otherwise approved.
1.5
Notes.
Because this procedure is often applied in highly
explosive areas, caution and .care should be exercised in choosing
appropriate equipment and installing and using the equipment.
Mention of trade names or company products does not constitute
endorsement.
All gas concentrations (percent, ppm) are by
volume,
unless
otherwise
noted.
2.
APPARATUS AND REAGENTS
2.1
Gas VOC Concentration.
A schematic of the measurement
system is shown in Figure
1.
The main components are described
below:
2.1.1
Sample Probe.
Stainless steel, or equivalent.
The probe
shall be heated to prevent VOC condensation.
2.1.2
Calibration Valve Assembly.
Three-way valve assembly at
the outlet of sample probe to direct the zero and calibration
190
gases to the analyzer.
Other methods, such as quick—connect
lines,
to route calibration gases to the outlet of the sample
probe are acceptable.
2.1.3
Sample Line.
Stainless steel or Teflon tubing to
transport the sample gas to the analyzer.
The sample line must
be heated to prevent condensation.
2.1.4
Sample Pump.
A leak-free pump, to pull the sample gas
through the system at a flow rate sufficient to minimize the
response time of the measurement system.
The components of the
pump that contact the gas stream shall be constructed of
stainless steel or Teflon.
The sample pump must be heated to
prevent condensation.
2.1.5
Sample Flow Rate Control.
A sample flow rate control
valve and rotameter,
or equivalent,
to maintain a constant
sampling rate within 10 percent.
The flow rate control valve and
rotameter must be heated to prevent condensation.
A control
valve may also be located on the sample pump bypass loop to
assist in controlling the sample pressure and flow rate.
2.1.6
Sample Gas Manifold.
Capable. of diverting a portion of
the sample gas stream to the flame ionization analyzer (FIA),
and
the remainder to the bypass discharge vent.
The manifold
components shall be constructed of stainless steel or Teflon.
If
captured or fugitive emissions are to be measured at multiple
locations, the measurement system shall be designed to use
separate sampling probes,
lines, and pumps for each measurement
location and a common sample gas manifold and FIA.
The sample
gas manifold and connecting lines to the FIA must be heated to
prevent condensation.
2.1.7
organic Concentration Analyzer.
An FIA with a span value
of 1
•
5 times the• expected concentration as propane; however,
other span values may be used if it can be demonstrated that they
would provide more accurate measurements.
The system shall be
capable of meeting or exceeding the following specifications:
2.1.7.1
Zero Drift.
Less than ±3Qpercent of the span value.
2.1.7.2
Calibration Drift.
Less than ±3.0percent of the span
value.
2.1.7.3
Calibration Error.
Less than ±5.0percent of the
calibration gas value.
2.1.7.4
Response Time.
Less than 30 seconds.
2.1.8
Integrator/Data Acquisition System.
An analog or digital
device or computerized data acquisition system used to integrate
the FIA response or compute the average response and record
191
measurement data.
The minimum data sampling frequency for
computing average or integrated values is one measurement value
~very 5 seconds.
The device shall be capable of recording
average values at least once per minute.
2.1.9
Calibration and Other Gases.
Gases used for calibration,
fuel, and combustion air (if required)
are contained in
compressed gas cylinders.
All calibration gases shall be
traceable to NIST standards and shall be certified by the
manufacturer to ±1percent of the tag value.
Additionally, the
manufacturer of the cylinder should provide a recommended shelf
life for each calibration gas cylinder over which the
concentration does not change more than ±2percent from the
certified value.
For calibration gas values not generally
available,
alternative methods for preparing calibration gas
mixtures,
such
as
dilution
systems,
may
be
used
with
prior
approval.
2.1.9.1
Fuel.
A 40 percent H21/60 percent He or 40 percent H2/60
percent N2 gas mixture is recommended to avoid an oxygen
synergism effect that reportedly occurs when oxygen concentration
varies significantly from a mean value.
2.1.9.2
Carrier Gas.
High purity air with less than 1 ppm of
organic material
(as propane or carbon equivalent)
or less than
0.1
percent
of
the
span
value,
whichever
is
greater.
2.1.9.3
FIA
Linearity
Calibration
Gases.
Low—,
mid—,
and
high—range
gas
mixture
standards
with
nominal
propane
concentrations
of
20-30,
45-55,
and
70-80
percent
of
the
span
value in air, respectively.
Other calibration values and other
span
values
may
be
used
if
it
can
be
shown
that
more
accurate
measurements
would
be
achieved.
2.1.10
Particulate Filter.
An in—stack or an out-of-stack glass
fiber filter is recommended if
exhaust
gas
particulate
loading
is
significant.
An
out-of-stack
filter
must
be
heated
to
prevent
any condensation unless it can be demonstrated that no
condensation occurs.
2.2
Captured
Emissions
Volumetric
Flow
Rate.
2.2.1
Method
2
or
2A
Apparatus.
For
determining
volumetric
flow
rate.
2.2.2
Method
3 Apparatus and Reagents.
For determining
molecular
weight
of
the
gas
stream.
An
estimate
of
the
molecular
weight
of
the
gas
stream
may
be
used
if
it
can
be
justified.
2.2.3
Method
4
Apparatus
and
Reagents.
For
determining
moisture
content,
if
necessary.
192
3.
DETERMINATION OF VOLUMETRIC FLOW RATE OF
CAPTURED
EMISSIONS
3.1
Locate all points where emissions are captured from the
affected facility.
Using Method
1, determine .the sampling
points.
Be sure to check each site for cyclonic or swirling
flow.
3.2
Measure the velocity at each sampling site at least once
every hour during each sampling run using Method 2 or 2A.
4.
DETERMINATION OF VOC CONTENT OF
CAPTURED
EMISSIONS
4.1
Analysis Duration.
Measure the VOC responses at each
captured emissions point during
the
entire test run or,
if
applicable, while the process is operating.
If there are
multiple captured emission locations, design
a sampling system to
allow a single FIA to be used to determine the VOC responses at
all sampling locations.
4.2
Gas VOC Concentration.
-
4.2.1
Assemble the sample train as shown in Figure
1.
Calibrate
the PIA according to the procedure in Section 5.1.
4.2.2
Conduct a system check according to the procedure in
Section 5.3.
4.2.3
Install the sample probe so that the probe is centrally
located in the stack, pipe,
or duct,
and is sealed tightly at the
stack port connection.
4.2.4
Inject zero gas at the calibration valve assembly.
Allow
the measurement system response to reach zero.
Measure the
system response time as the time required for the system to reach
the effluent concentration after the calibration valve has been
returned to the effluent sampling position.
4.2.5
Conduct a system check before and a system drift check
after each sampling run according to the procedures in Sections
5.2 and 5.3.
If the drift check following a run indicates
unacceptable performance, the
run
is not valid.
The tester may
elect to perform system drift checks during the run not to exceed
one drift check per hour.
4.2.6
Verify that the sample lines,
filter, and pump
temperatures are 120 ~ 5°C.
4.2.7
Begin sampling at the start of the test period and
continue to sample during the entire run.
Record the starting
and ending times and any required process information as
appropriate.
If multiple captured emission locations are sampled
using a single FIA, sample at each .location for the same amount
193
of time
(e.g.,
2 minutes) and continue to switch from one
location to another for the entire test run.
Be sure that total
sampling time at each location is the same at the end of the test
run.
Collect at least
4 separate measurements. from each sample
point during each hour of testing.
Disregard the measurements at
each sampling location until two times the response time of the
measurement system has elapsed.
Continue sampling for at least
1
minute and record the concentration measurements.
4.3
Background Concentration.
4.3.1
Locate all NDO’sof the TTE.
A sampling point shall be
centrally located outside of the T~Eat
4
equivalent diameters
from each NDO,
ifpossible.
If there are more than 6 NDO’s,
choose 6 sampling points evenly spaced among the NDO’s.
4.3.2
Assemble the sample train as shown in Figure 2.
Calibrate
the FIA and conduct a system check according to the procedures in
Sections 5.1 and 5.3.
NOTE:
This sample train shall be a
separate sampling train from the one to measure the captured
emissions.
4.3.3
Position the probe at the sampling location.
4.3.4
Determine the response time, conduct the system check and
sample according to the procedures described in Sections 4.2.4 to
4.2.7.
4.4
Alternative Procedure.
The direct interface sampling and
analysis procedure described in Section 7.2 of Method 18 may be
used to determine the gas VOC concentration.
The system must be
designed to collect and analyze at least one sample every 10
minutes.
5.
CALIBRATION
AND
QUALITY ASSURANCE
5.1
FIA Calibration and Linearity Check.
Make necessary
adjustments to the air and fuel supplies for the FIA and ignite
the
burner.
Allow the FIA to warm up for the period recommended
by
the
manufacturer.
Inject
a
calibration
gas
into
the
measurement
system
and
adjust
the
back—pressure
regulator
to
the
value
required
to
achieve
the
flow
rates
specified
by
the
manufacturer.
Inject the zero— and the high—range calibration
gases and adjust the analyzer calibration to provide the proper
responses.
Inject the low- and mid—range gases and record the
responses of the measurement system.
The calibration and
linearity of the system are acceptable if the responses for all
four gases are within 5 percent of the respective gas values.
If
the performance of the system is not acceptable,
repair or adjust
the system and repeat the linearity check.
Conduct a calibration
and linearity check after assembling the analysis system and
after a major change is made to the system.
194
5.2
Systems
Drift
Checks.
Select
the
calibration
gas
that
most
closely
approximates
the
concentration
of
the
captured
emissions
for
conducting
the
drift
checks.
Introduce
the.
zero
and
calibration
gas
at
the
calibration
valve
assembly
and
verify
that
the
appropriate
gas
flow
rate
and
pressure
are
present
at
the
FIA.
Record
the
measurement
system
responses
to
the
zero
and
calibration
gases.
The
performance
of
the
system
is
acceptable
if
the
difference
between
the
drift
check
measurement
and
the
value
obtained
in
Section
5.1
is
less
than
3
percent
of
the
span
value.
Conduct
the
system
drift
checks
at
the
end
of
each
run.
5.3
System
Check.
Inject
the
high
range
calibration
gas
at
the
inlet
of
the
sampling
probe
and
record
the
response.
The
performance of the system is acceptable if the measurement system
response is within
5 percent of the value obtained in Section 5.1
for
the
high
range
calibration
gas.
Conduct
a
system
check
before and after each test run.
5.4
Analysis
Audit.
Immediately
before
each
test
analyze
an
audit
cylinder
as
described
in
Section
5.2.
The
analysis
audit
must
agree
with
the
audit
cylinder
concentration
within
10
percent.
6.
NOMENCLATURE
A~
=
area
of
NDO i,
ft2.
A,~
=
total
area
of
all
NDO’s
in
the
enclosure,
ft2.
CBi
=
corrected
average
VOC
concentration
of
background
emissions
at
point
i,
ppm
propane.
C8
=
average
background
concentration,
ppm
propane.
~
=
corrected
average
VOC
concentration
of
captured
emissions
at
point
j,
ppm
propane.
=
average
measured
concentration
for
the
drift
check
calibration
gas,
ppm
propane.
=
average
system
drift
check
concentration
for
zero
concentration
gas,
ppm
propane.
CH
=
actual
concentration
of
the
drift
check
calibration
gas,
ppm
propane.
C.
=
uncorrected
average
background
VOC
concentration
measured
at
point
i,
ppm
propane.
C~
=
uncorrected
average
VOC
concentration
measured
at
point
j,
ppm
propane.
195
total
VOC
content
of
captured
emissions,
kg.
1(1
=
1.830 x 106 kg/(xn3—ppm).
number of measurement points.
~
=
average effluent volumetric flow rate corrected to
standard conditions at captured emissions point
j,
m3/min.
Tc
=
total duration of captured emissions sampling run,
mm.
7.
CALCULATIONS
7.1
Total VOC Captured Emissions.
G
=
•~
(C6j
-
CB)
~
Tc K1
Eq.
1
7.2
VOC Concentration of the Captured Emissions at Point
j.
C6j
=
(C~
-
CDO)
C11
Eq.
2
CDHCDO
7.3
Background VOC Concentration at Point
i.
C8i
=
(C1
-
C,~0)
C11
Eq.
3
CDH~CD0
7.4
Average Background Concentration.
n
•E
C01A~
Eq.
4
nA~
NOTE: If the concentration at each point is within 20 percent of
the average concentration of all points, the terms “A1” and “A.~”
may be deleted from Equation 4.
196
Procedure G.2
-
Captured VOC Emissions (Dilution Technique)
1.
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Applicability.
This procedure is applicable for determining
the volatile organic compounds
(VOC)
content
of captured gas
streams.
It
is
intended
to
be
used
as
a
segment
in
the
development of a gas/gas protocol in which fugitive emissions are
measured for determining VOC capture efficiency
(CE) for surface
coating and printing operations.
A dilution system is used to
reduce the VOC concentration of the captured emission to about
the same concentration as the fugitive emissions.
The procedure
may not be acceptable in certain site—specific situations,
e.g.,
when:
(1) direct fired heaters or other circumstances affect the
quantity of VOC at the control device inlet; and
(2) particulate
organic aerosols are formed in the process and are present in the
captured emissions.
1.2
Principle.
The amount of VOC captured
(G)
is calculated as
the sum of the products of the VOC content
(CGJ),
the flow rate
and the sampling time
(Ta) from each captured emissions
point.
1.3
Estimated Measurement Uncertainty.
The measurement
uncertainties are estimated for each captured or fugitive
emissions point as follows:
=
±5~5
percent and
CGJ
=
±5
percent.
Based on these numbers, the probable uncertainty for G
is estimated at about ±7•4percent.
1.4
Sampling Requirements.
A capture efficiency test shall
consist of at least three sampling runs.
The sampling time for
each
run
should be at least
8 hours, unless otherwise approved.
1.5
Notes.
Because this procedure is often applied in highly
explosive areas,
caution and care should be exeröised in choosing
appropriate
equipment
and
installing
and
using
the
equipment.
Mention of trade names or company products does not constitute
endorsement.
All
gas
concentrations
(percent,
ppm)
are
by
volume,
unless otherwise noted.
2.
APPARATUS AND REAGENTS
2.1
Gas VOC Concentration.
A schematic of the measurement
system is shown in Figure
1.
The main components are described
below:
2.1.1
Dilution System.
A Kipp in-stack dilution probe and
controller or similar device may be used.
The dilution rate may
be changed by substituting different critical orifices or
adjustments of the aspirator supply pressure.
The dilution
197
system shall be heated to prevent VOC condensation.
Note:
An
out-of—stack dilution device may be used.
2.1.2
Calibration Valve Assembly.
Three—way:valve assembly at
the outlet of sample probe to direct the zero and calibration
gases to the analyzer. Other methods, such as quick—connect
lines, to route calibration gases to the outlet of the sample
probe are acceptable.
2.1.3
Sample Line.
Stainless steel or Teflon tubing to
transport the sample gas to the analyzer.
The sample line must
be heated to prevent condensation.
2.1.4
Sample
Pump.
A leak-free pump, to pull the sample gas
through the system at a flow rate sufficient to minimize the
response time of the measurement system.
The components of the
pump that contact the gas stream shall be constructed of
stainless steel or Teflon.
The sample pump must be heated to
prevent condensation.
2.1.5
Sample Flow Rate Control.
A sample flow rate control
valve and rotameter, or equivalent, to maintain a constant
sampling rate within 10 percent.
The flow control valve and
rotameter must be heated to prevent condensation.
A control
valve may also be located on the sample pump bypass loop to
assist in controlling the sample pressure and flow rate.
2.1.6
Sample Gas Manifold.
Capable of diverting a portion of
the sample gas stream to the flame ionization analyzer (FIA), and
the remainder to the bypass discharge vent.
The manifold
components shall be constructed of stainless steel or Teflon.
If
captured or fugitive emissions are to be measured at multiple
locations, the measurement system shall be designed to use
separate sampling probes,
lines, and pumps for each measurement
location and
a common sample gas manifold and FIA.
The sample
gas manifold and connecting lines, to the FIA. must be heated to
prevent condensation.
2.1.7
Organic Concentration Analyzer.
An FIA with a span value
of 1.5 times the expected concentration as propane; however,
other span values may be used if it can be demonstrated that they
would provide more accurate measurements..
The system shall be
capable of meeting or exceeding the following specifications:
2.1.7.1
Zero Drift.
Less than ±3.0percent of the span value.
2.1.7.2
Calibration Drift.
Less than
±3.0
percent of the span
value.
2.1.7.3
Calibration Error.
Less than ±5•Øpercent of the
calibration gas value.
198
2.1.7.4
Response
Time.
Less
than
30
seconds.
2.1.8
Integrator/Data Acquisition System.
An analog or digital
device
or
computerized
data
acquisition
system
used
to
integrate
the FIA response or compute the average response and record
measurement data.
The minimum data sampling frequency for
computing average or integrated values is one measurement value
every 5 seconds.
The device shall be capable of recording
average values at least once per minute.
2.1.9
Calibration and Other Gases.
Gases used for calibration,
fuel, and combustion air
(if required) are contained in
compressed gas cylinders.
All calibration gases shall be
traceable to NIST standards and shall be certified by the
manufacturer to
ti percent of the tag value.
Additionally, the
manufacturer of the cylinder should provide a recommended shelf
life
for
each
calibration
gas
cylinder
over
which
the
concentration
does
not
change
more
than
±2percent
from
the
certified value.
For calibration gas values not generally
available, alternative methods for preparing ‘calibration gas
mixtures, such as dilution systems, may be used with prior
approval.
2.1.9.1
Fuel.
A 40 percent H2/60 percent He or 40 percent H2/60
percent
N2
gas
mixture
is recommended to avoid an oxygen
synergism
effect
that
reportedly
occurs
when
oxygen
concentratior
varies significantly from a mean value.
2.1.9.2
Carrier Gas and Dilution Air Supply.
High purity air
with less than 1 ppm of organic material (as propane or carbon
equivalent)
or less than 0.1 percent of the span value, whichevei
is greater.
2.1.9.3
FIA
Linearity
Calibration
Gases.
Low—,
mid—,
and
high—range gas mixture standards with nominal propane
concentrations of 20-30, 45-55, and 70-80 percent of the span
value in air, respectively.
Other calibration values and other
span values may be used if it can be shown that more accurate
measurements
would
be
achieved.
2.1.9.4
Dilution Check Gas.
Gas mixture standard containing
propane in air, approximately half the span value after dilution,
2.1.10
Particulate
Filter.
An
in-stack
or
an
out-of-stack
glas5
fiber
filter
is
recommended
if
exhaust
gas
particulate
loading
iE
significant.
An
out-of—stack filter must be heated to prevent any condensation
unless it can be demonstrated that no condensation occurs.
2.2
Captured Emissions Volumetric Flow Rate.
2.2.1
Method
2 or 2A Apparatus.
For determining volumetric flo’~
199
rate.
2.2.2
Method
3 Apparatus and Reagents.
For determining
molecular weight of the gas stream.
An estimate of the molecular
weight of the gas stream may be used if it can be justified.
2.2.3
Method
4 Apparatus and Reagents.
For determining moisture
content,
if necessary.
3.
DETERMINATION OF VOLUMETRIC FLOW RATE OF
CAPTURED
EMISSIONS
3.1
Locate all points where emissions are captured from the
affected facility. Using Method
1, determine the sampling points.
Be sure to check each site for cyclonic or swirling flow.
3.2
Measure the velocity at each sampling site at least once
every hour during each sampling run using Method
2 or 2A.
4.
DETERMINATION OF VOC CONTENT OF
CAPTURED
EMISSIONS
4.1
Analysis Duration.
Measure the VOC responses at each
captured
emissions
point
during
the
entire
test
run
or,
if
applicable,
while the process is operating.
If there are a
multiple captured emissions locations, design a sampling system
to allow a single FIA to be used to determine the VOC responses
at all sampling locations.
4.2
Gas VOC Concentration.
4.2.1
Assemble the sample train as shown in Figure
1.
Calibrate
the FIA according to the procedure in Section 5.1.
4.2.2
Set the dilution ratio and determine the dilution factor
according
to
the
procedure
in
Section
5.3.
4.2.3
Conduct a system check according to the procedure in
Section 5.4.
4.2.4
Install the sample probe so that the probe is centrally
located in the stack,
pipe, or duct, and is sealed tightly at the
stack port connection.
4.2.5
Inject zero gas at the calibration valve assembly.
Measure the system response time as the time required for the
system to reach the effluent concentration after the calibration
valve has been returned to the effluent sampling position.
4.2.6
Conduct a system check before and a system drift check
after
each
sampling
run
according
to
the
procedures
in
Sections
5.2 and 5.4.
If the drift check following a run indicates
unacceptable
performance,
the
run
is
not
valid.
The
tester
may
elect to perform system drift cheq~sduring the
run
not to exceed
200
one drift check per hour.
4.2.7
Verify that the sample lines, filter, and pump
temperatures are 120 ~ 5°C.
4.2.8
Begin sampling at the start of the test period and
continue to sample during the entire run.
Record the starting
and ending times and any required process information as
appropriate.
If multiple captured emission locations are sampled
using a single FIA, sample at each location for the same amount
of time (e.g.,
2 minutes) and continue to switch from one
location to another for the entire test run.
.
Me sure that total
sampling
time
at
each
location
is
the
same-at
the
end
of
the
test
run.
Collect at least
4 separate measurements from each sample
point
during
each
hour
of
testing.
Disregard
the
measurements
at
each sampling location until two times the response time of the
measurement
system
has
elapsed.
Continue
sampling
for
at-least
1
minute and record the concentration measurements.
4.3
Background Concentration.
4.3.1
Locate all NDO’s of the TTE.
A sampling point shall be
centrally ~1ocatedoutside of the TTE at 4 equivalent diameters
from each
NDO,
if possible.
If there are more than 6 NDO’s,
choose
6 sampling points evenly spaced among the NDO’s.
4.3.2
Assemble the sample train as shown in Figure
2.
Calibrate
the FIA and conduct a system check according to the procedures in
Sections 5.1 and 5.4.
4.3.3
Position the probe at the sampling location.
4.3.4
Determine the response time,
conduct the system check and
sample according to the procedures described in Sections 4.2.4 to
4.2.8
4.4
Alternative Procedure.
The direct interface sampling and
analysis procedure described in Section 7.2 of Method 18 may be
used to determine the gas VOC concentration.
The system must be
designed to collect and analyze at least one sample every 10
minutes.
5.
CALIBRATION
AND
QUALITY ASSURANCE
5.1
FIA
Calibration
and
Linearity
Check.
Make
necessary
adjustments to the air and fuel supplies for the P1k and ignite
the burner.
Allow the FIA to warm up for the period recommended
by the manufacturer.
Inject a calibration gas into the
measurement system after the dilution system and adjust the back-
pressure regulator to the value required to achieve the flow
rates specified by the manufacturer.
Inject the zero— and the
high-range calibration gases and adjust the analyzer calibration
201
to provide the proper responses.
Inject the low- and mid—range
gases
and
record
the
responses
of
the
measurement
system.
The
calibration and linearity of the system are acceptable if the
responses for all four gases are within
5 percent of the
respective
gas
values.
If
the
performance
of
the system is not
acceptable,
repair or adjust the system and repeat
the
linearity
check.
Conduct a calibration and linearity check after
assembling the analysis system and after a major change is made
to the system.
5.2
Systems Drift Checks.
Select the calibration gas that most
closely approximates the concentration of the diluted captured
emissions for conducting the drift checks.
Introduce the
zero
and calibration gas at the calibration valve assembly and verify
that the appropriate gas flow rate and pressure are present at
the FIA.
Record the measurement system responses to the zero and
calibration gases.
The performance of the system is acceptable
if the difference between the drift check measurement and ‘the
value obtained in Section 5.1 is less than
3 percent of the span
value.
Conduct the system drift check at the end of each run.
5.3
Determination of Dilution Factor.
Inject the dilution check
gas into the measurement system before the dilution system and
record the response.
Calculate the.dilution factor using
Equation 3.
5.4
System Check.
Inject the high range calibration gas at the
inlet to the sampling probe while the dilution air is turned off.
Record the response.
The performance of the system is acceptable
if the measurement system response is within
5 percent of the
value obtained in Section 5.1 for the high range calibration gas.
Conduct a system check before and after each test run.
5.5
Analysis Audit.
Immediately before each test analyze an
audit ~cylinderas described in Section 5.2.
The analysis audit
must agree with the audit cylinder concentration within 10
percent.
6.
NOMENCLATURE
A1
=
area of
NDO
i,
ft2.
=
total area of all NDO’s in the enclosure,
ft2.
CA
=
actual concentration of the dilution check gas, ppm
propane.
C~i
=
corrected average VOC concentration of background
emissions at point
i, ppm propane.
C8
=
average background concentration, ppm propane.
202
=
average measured concentration for the drift check
calibration gas, ppm propane.
CDO
=
average system drift check concentration for zero
concentration gas, ppm propane.
CH
=
actual concentration of the drift check calibration gas,
ppm propane.
C1
=
uncorrected average background VOC concentration
measured at point
i, ppm propane.
C1
=
uncorrected average VOC concentration measured at point
j,
ppm propane.
CM =measured concentration of the dilution check gas, ppm
propane.
DF
=
dilution factor.
G
=
total VOC content of captured emissions,
kg.
=
1..830 x 10 6 kg/ (m3-ppm).
n
=
number of measurement points.
Q6j
=
average effluent volumetric flow rate corrected to
standard conditions at captured emissions point
j,
1n3/min.
Tc
=
total duration of capture efficiency sampling run, mm.
7.
CALCULATIONS
7.1
Total VOC Captured Emissions.
G
=
*
9~
C~jQG~T~K1
Eq.
1
7.2
VOC Concentration of the Captured Emissions at Point
j.
CGj
=
DF
(C1
-
CDO)
C~
Eq.
2
CDHCDO
7.3
Dilution Factor.
Eq.
3
CM
7.4
Background VOC Concentration at Point
i.
203
C9i
=
(C~
-
CDO)
C~
Eq.
4
CDHCDO
7.5
Average Background Concentration.
I,
~
C~A1
C8-~l
Eq.
5
nA~
NOTE:
If the concentration at each point is within 20 percent of
the average concentration of all points, the terms “A1” and “Au”
may be deleted from Equation 4.
Procedure F.2
-
Fugitive VOC Emissions from Building Enclosures
1.
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Applicability.
This procedure is applicable for determining
the fugitive volatile organic compounds
(VOC) emissions from a
building enclosure (BE).
It is intended to be used as a segment
in the development of liquid/gas or gas/gas protocols for
determining VOC capture efficiency
(CE)
for surface coating and
printing operations.
1.2
Principle.
The total amount of fugitive VOC emissions
(F8)
from the BE is calculated as the
sum
of the products of the VOC
content
(CFJ)
of each fugitive emissions point, its flow rate
(QF~)’and time
(TF).
1.3
Measurement Uncertainty.
The measurement uncertainties are
estimated for each fugitive emissions point as follows:
QFj
=
±5.0percent and
CF.
=
±5.0percent.
Based on these numbers, the
probable uncertain~yfor FB is estimated at about ±11.2percent.
1.4
Sampling Requirements.
A capture efficiency test shall
consist of at least three sampling runs.
The sampling time for
each run should be at least
8 hours, unless otherwise approved.
1.5
Notes.
Because this procedure is often applied in highly
explosive areas, caution and care should be exercised in choosing
appropriate equipment and installing and using the equipment.
Mention of trade names or company products does not constitute
endorsement.
All gas concentrations
(percent, ppm) are by
volume,
unless otherwise noted.
2.
APPARATUS AND REAGENTS
2.1
Gas VOC Concentration.
A schematic of the measurement
system is shown in Figure
1.
The main components are described
below:
204
2.1.1
Sample Probe.
Stainless steel, or equivalent.
The probe
shall be heated to prevent VOC condensation.
2.1.2
Calibration Valve Assembly.
Three-way~alveassembly at
the outlet of sample probe to direct the zero’and calibration
gases to the analyzer.
Other methods, such as quick—connect
lines, to route calibration gases to the outlet of
the
sample
probe are acceptable.
2.13
Sample Line.
Stainless steel or Teflon tubing to
transport the sample gas to the analyzer.
The sample line must
be heated to prevent condensation.
2.1.4
Sample
Pump.
A
leak-free
pump,
to
pull
the
sample
gas
through the system at a flow rate sufficient to minimize the
response time of the measurement system.
The components of the
pump that contact the gas streamshall be constructed of stainless
steel or Teflon.
The sample pump must be heated to prevent
condensation.
2.1.5
Sample Flow Rate Control.
A sample flow rate control
valve and rotameter,
or equivalent,
to maintain a constant
sampling rate within 10 percent.
The flow rate control valve and
rotameter must be heated to prevent condensation.
A control
valve may also be located on the sample pump bypass loop to
assist in controlling the sample pressure and flow rate.
2.1.6
Sample Gas Manifold.
Capable of diverting a portion of
the sample gas stream to the flame ionization analyzer (FIA),
and
the remainder to the bypass discharge vent.
The manifold
components shall be constructed of stainless steel or Teflon.
If
emissions are to be measured at multiple locations, the
measurement system shall be designed to use separate sampling
probes,
lines,
and pumps for each measurement location and a
common sample gas manifold and FIA.
The sample gas manifold must
be heated to prevent condensation.
2.1.7
Organic Concentration Analyzer.
An P1k with a span value
of 1.5 times the expected concentration as propane; however,
other
span
values
may
be
used
if
it
can
be
demonstrated
that
they
would
provide
more
accurate
measurements.
The
system
shall
be
capable of meeting or exceeding the following specifications:
2.1.7.1
Zero
Drift.
Less than ±3.0percent of the span value.
2.1.7.2
Calibration Drift.
Less
than
±3.0 percent
of
the
span
value.
2.1.7.3
Calibration
Error.
Less
than
±5.0 percent
of
the
calibration gas value.
2.1.7.4
Response Time.
Less
than
30
seconds.
205
2.1.8
Integrator/Data Acquisition System.
An analog or digital
device or computerized data acquisition system used to integrate
the FIA response or compute the average response and record
measurement data.
The minimum data sampling frequency for
computing average or integrated values is one measurement value
every 5 seconds.
The device shall be capable of recording
average values at least once per minute.
2.1.9
Calibration and Other Gases.
Gases used for calibration,
fuel,
and combustion air
(if required) are contained in
compressed gas cylinders.
All calibration gases shall be
traceable to NIST standards and shall be certified by the
manufacturer to ±1percent of the tag value.
Additionally, the
manufacturer of the cylinder should provide a recommended shelf
life for each calibration gas cylinder over which the
concentration does not change more than ±2
percent
from
the
certified value.
For calibration gas values not generally
available, alternative methods for preparing calibration gas
mixtures, such as dilution systems, may be used with prior
approval.
2.1.9.1
Fuel.
A 40 percent H2/60 percent He or 40 percent H2/60
percent N2 gas mixture is recommended to avoid an oxygen
synergism effect that reportedly occurs when oxygen concentration
varies significantly from a mean value.
2.1.9.2
Carrier Gas.
High purity air with less than 1 ppm of
organic material
(propane or carbon equivalent) or less than 0.1
percent of the span value, whichever is greater.
2.1.9.3
FIA Linearity Calibration Gases.
Low-,
mid—, and
high—range gas mixture standards with nominal propane
concentrations of 20—30,
45-55,
and 70-80 percent of the span
value in air, respectively.
Other calibration values and other
span values may be used if it can be shown that more accurate
measurements would be achieved.
2.1.10
Particulate
Filter
An
in-stack
or
an
out-of—stack
glass
fiber filter is recommended if exhaust gas particulate loading is
significant.
An out-of-stack filter must be heated to prevent
any condensation unless it can be demonstrated that no
condensation occurs.
2.2
Fugitive Emissions Volumetric Flow Rate.
2.2.1
Flow Direction Indicators.
Any means of indicating inward
or outward flow, such as light plastic film or paper streamers,
smoke tubes, filaments,
and sensory perception.
2.2.2
Method
2 or 2A Apparatus.
For determining volumetric flow
rate.
Anemometers or similar devices calibrated according to the
206
manufacturer’s instructions may be used when low velocities are
present.
Vane anemometers
(Young—maximum response propeller),
specialized pitots with electronic manometers
(e.g., Shortridge
Instruments Inc., Airdata Multimeter 860) are .~Commercially
available with measurement thresholds of 15 and
8 mpm
(50 and
25
fpnt), respectively.
2.2.3
Method
3 Apparatus and Reagents.
For determining
molecular weight of the gas stream.
An estimate of the molecular
weight of the gas stream may be used if it can be justified.
2.2.4
Method
4 Apparatus and Reagents.
For determining moisture
content,
if necessary.
3.
DETERMINATION OF VOLUMETRIC FLOW RATE
OF FUGITIVE EMISSIONS
3.1
Preliminary Determinations.
The purpose of this exercise is
to determine which exhaust points should be measured for
volumetric flow rates and VOC concentrations.
3.1.1
Forced Draft Openings.
Identify all forced draft
openings.
Determine the volumetric flow rate according to Method
2.
3.1.2
NDO’s Exhaust Points.
The NDO’s in the roof of a facility
are considered to be exhaust points.
Determine volumetric flow
rate from these NDO’s.
Divide the cross—sectional area according
to Method
1 using 12 equal areas.
Use the appropriate velocity
measurement devices, e.g., propeller anemometers.
3.1.3
Other NDO’s.
3.1.3.1
This step is optional.
Determine the exhaust flow rate,
including that of the control device, from the enclosure and the
intake air flow rate.
If the exhaust flow rate divided by the
intake air flow rate is greater than 1.1,
then
all other NDO’s
are not considered to be significant exhaust points.
3.1.3.2
If the option above is not taken,
identify all other
NDO’s and other potential points through which fugitive emissions
may escape the enclosure.
Then use the following criteria to determine whether flow rates
and VOC concentrations need to be measured:
3.1.3.2.1
Using the appropriate flow direction indicator,
determine the flow direction.
An NDO with zero or inward flow is
not an exhaust point.
3.1.3.2.2
Measure the outward volumetric flow rate from the
remainder of the NDO’s.
If the collective flow rate is 2
percent, or less,
of the flow rate from Sections 3.1.1 and 3.1.2,
then these NDO’s, except those within two equivalent diameters
207
(based
on
NDO opening) from VOC sources, may be considered to be
non—exhaust points.
3.1.3.2.3
If the percentage calculated in Section 3.1.3.2.2 is
greater than 2 percent, those NDO’s (except those within two
equivalent diameters from VOC sources) whose volumetric flow rate
total
2 percent of the flow rate from Sections 3.1.1 and 3.1.2
may be considered as non-exhaust points.
All remaining NDO’s
shall be measured for volumetric flow rate and VOC concentrations
during the CE test.
3.1.3.2.4
The tester may choose to measure VOC concentrations at
the forced exhaust points and the NDOts.
If the total
VOC
emissions from the NDO’s are less than 2 percent of the emissions
from
the
forced
draft
and
roof
NDO’s, then these NDO’s may be
eliminated from further consideration.
3.2
Determination of Flow Rates.
3.2.1
Measure the volumetric flow rate at all locations
identified as exhaust points in Section 3.1.
Divide each exhaust
opening into
9 equal areas for rectangular openings and 8 for
circular
openings.
3.2.2
Measure the velocity at each site at least once every hour
during each sampling
run
using Method 2 or 2A,
if applicable, or
using the low velocity instruments in Section 2.2.2.
4.
DETERMINATION OF VOC CONTENT OF FUGITIVE EMISSIONS
4.1
Analysis Duration.
Measure the VOC responses at each
fugitive emission point during the entire test run or,
if
applicable, while the process is operating.
If there are
multiple emissions locations,
design a sampling system to allow a
single FIA to be used to determine the VOC responses at all
sampling locations.
4.2
Gas VOC Concentration.
4.2.1
Assemble the sample train as shown in Figure 1.
Calibrate
the FIA and conduct a system check according to the procedures in
Sections 5.1 and 5.3, respectively.
4.2.2
Install the sample probe so that the probe is centrally
located in the stack, pipe, or duct, and is sealed tightly at the
stack port connection.
4.2.3
Inject zero gas at the calibration valve assembly.
Allow
the measurement system response to reach zero.
Measure the
system response time as the time required for the system to reach
the effluent concentration after the calibration valve has been
returned to the effluent sampling position.
208
4.2.4
Conduct
a
system check before and
a system drift check
after each sampling run according to the procedures in Sections
5.2 and 5.3.
If the drift check following a run indicates
unacceptable performance,
the
run
is not valid.
The tester may
elect
to
perform
drift
checks
during
the
run
not
to
exceed
one
drift check per hour.
4.2.5
Verify that the sample lines, filter, and pump
temperatures are 120
±50c.
4.2.6
Begin sampling at the start of the test period and
continue
to
sample
during
the
entire
run.
Record the starting
and ending times and any required process information as
appropriate.
If multiple emission locations are sampled using a
single FIA, sample at each location for the same amount of time
(e.g.,
2 minutes) and continue to switch from one location to
another for the entire test run.
Be sure that total sampling
time at each location is the same at the end of the test run.
Collect at least
4 separate measurements from each sample point
during each hour of testing.
Disregard the response measurements
at each sampling location until two times the response time of
the measurement system has elapsed.
Continue sampling for at
least
1 minute and record the concentration measurements.
4.3
Alternative Procedure
The direct interface sampling and
analysis procedure described in Section 7.2 of Method 18 may be
used to determine the gas VOC concentration.
The system must be
designed to collect and analyze at least one sample every 10
minutes.
5.
CALIBRATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
5.1
FIA Calibration and Linearity Check.
Make necessary
adjustments to the air and fuel supplies for the FIA and ignite
the burner.
Allow the FTh to warm up for the period recommended
by the manufacturer.
Inject a calibration gas into the
measurement system and adjust the back—pressure regulator to the
value required to achieve the flow rates specified by the
manufacturer.
Inject the zero- and the high-range calibration
gases and adjust the analyzer calibration to provide
the
proper
responses.
Inject
the
low-
and
mid-range
gases
and
record
the
responses of the measurement system.
The calibration and
linearity of the system are acceptable if the responses for all
four gases are within 5 percent of the respective gas values.
If
the performance of the system is not acceptable,
repair or adjust
the system and repeat the linearity check.
Conduct a calibration
and linearity check after assembling the analysis system and
after a major change is made to the system.
5.2
Systems Drift Checks.
Select the calibration gas that most
closely approximates the concentration of the captured emissions
209
for conducting the drift checks.
Introduce the zero and
calibration gas at the calibration valve assembly and verify that
the appropriate gas flow rate and pressure are present at the
FIA.
Record the measurement system responses ~tothe zero and
calibration gases.
The performance of thesystem is acceptable
if the difference between the drift check measurement and the
value obtained in Section 5.1 is less than
3 percent of the span
value.
Conduct a system drift check at the end of each run.
5.3
System Check.
Inject the high range calibration gas at the
inlet of the sampling probe and record the response.
The
performance of the system is acceptable if the measurement system
response is within 5 percent of the value obtained in Section 5.1
for the high range calibration gas.
Conduct a system check
before each test run.
5.4
Analysis Audit.
Immediately before each test analyze an
audit cylinder as described in Section 5.2.
The analysis audit
must agree with the audit cylinder concentration within 10
percent.
6.
NOMENCLATURE
~H
=
average measured concentration for the drift check
calibration gas, ppm propane.
C0O
=
average system drift check concentration for zero
concentration gas, ppm propane.
=
corrected average VOC concentration of fugitive
emissions at point
j,
ppm propane.
CH
=
actual concentration of the drift check calibration
gas, ppm propane.
ci
=
uncorrected average VOC concentration measured at
point
j,
ppm propane.
F8
=
total VOC content of fugitive emissions from the
building,
kg.
1.830 x 106 kg/(m3—ppm).
number of measurement points.
average effluent volumetric flow rate corrected to
standard conditions at fugitive emissions point
j,
m3/min.
TF
=
total duration of capture efficiency sampling run,
mm.
210
7.
CALCULATIONS
7.1
Total VOC Fugitive Emissions From the Building.
n
F8
=
•E
C~jQf~TF K1
Eq.
1
j=1
7.2
VOC Concentration of the Fugitive Emissions at Point
j.
=
(C~
—
C~,0)
C~
Eq.
2
CDH~CD0
Procedure F.1
—
Fugitive VOC Emissions from Temporary Enclosures
1.
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Applicability.
This procedure is applicable for determining
the fugitive volatile organic compounds
(VOC)
emissions from a
temporary total enclosure (TTE).
It is intended to be used as a
segment in the development of liquid/gas or gas/gas protocols for
determining VOC capture efficiency
(CE)
for surface coating and
printing operations.
1.2
Principle.
The amount of fugitive VOC emissions
(F)
from
the TTE is calculated as the sum of the products of the VOC
content
(CFJ),
the flow rate
(QF;)’ and the sampling time
(TF)
from
each fugitive emissions point.
1.3
Estimated Measurement Uncertainty.
The measurement
uncertainties are estimated for each fugitive emission point as
follows:
QFJ
=
±5~5
percent and CF~
=
±5~Ø
percent.
Based on
these numbers, the probable uncertainty for F is estimated at
about ±7•4percent.
1.4
Sampling Requirements.
A capture efficiency test shall
consist of at least three sampling runs.
The sampling time for
each run should be at least
8 hours, unless otherwise approved.
1.5
Notes.
Because this procedure is often applied in highly
explosive areas,
caution and care should be exercised in choosing
appropriate equipment and installing and using the equipment.
Mention of trade names or company products does not constitute
endorsement.
All gas concentrations (percent, ppm) are by
volume, unless otherwise noted.
2.
APPARATUS AND REAGENTS
2.1
Gas VOC Concentration.
A schematic of the measurement
system
is shown in Figure 1.
The main components are described
211
below:
2.1.1
Sample Probe.
Stainless steel, or equivalent.
The probe
shall be heated to prevent VOC condensation.
2.1.2
Calibration Valve Assembly.
Three—way valve assembly at
the outlet of sample probe to direct the zero and calibration
gases to the analyzer.
Other methods, such as quick—connect
lines, to route calibration gases to the outlet of the sample
probe are acceptable.
2.1.3
Sample Line.
Stainless steel or Teflon tubing to
transport the sample gas to the analyzer.
The sample line must
be heated to prevent condensation.
2.1.4
Sample Pump.
A leak-free pump, to pull the sample gas
through the system at a flow rate suffiöient to minimize the
response time of themeasurement system.
The components of the
pump that contact the gas stream shall be constructed of
stainless steel or Teflon.
The sample pump must be heated to
prevent condensation.
2.1.5
Sample Flow Rate Control.
A sample flow rate control
valve and rotameter, or equivalent, to maintain a constant
sampling rate within 10 percent.
The flow control valve and
rotameter must be heated to prevent condensation.
A control
valve may also be located on the sample pump bypass loop to
assist in controlling the sample pressure and flow rate.
2.1.6
Sample Gas Manifold.
Capable of diverting a portion of
the sample gas stream to the flame ionization analyzer (FIA),
and
the remainder to the bypass discharge vent.
The manifold
components shall be constructed of stainless steel or Teflon.,
If
emissions are to be measured at multiple locations,
the
measurement system shall be designed to use separate sampling
probes,
lines,
and
pumps for each measurement location and a
common sample gas manifold and FIA.
The sample gas manifold and
connecting lines to the FIA must be heated to prevent
condensation.
2.1.7
Organic Concentration Analyzer.
An FIA with a span value
of 1.5 times the expected concentration as propane; however,
other span values may be used if it can be demonstrated that they
would provide more accurate measurements.
The system shall be
capable of meeting or exceeding the following specifications:
2.1.7.1
Zero Drift.
Less than ±3.0percent of the span value.
2.1.7.2
Calibration Drift.
Less than ±3.0percent of the span
value.
2.1.7.3
Calibration Error.
Less than ±50percent of the
212
calibration gas value.
2.1.7.4
Response Time.
Less than 30 seconds.
2.1.8
Integrator/Data Acquisition System.
An analog or digital
device or computerized data acquisition system used to integrate
the FIA response or compute the average response and record
measurement data.
The minimum data sampling frequency for
computing average or integrated values is one measurement value
every
5 seconds.
The device shall be capable of recording
average values at least once per minute.
2.1.9
Calibration and Other Gases.
Gases used for calibration,
fuel,
and combustion air
(if required) are contained in
compressed gas cylinders.
All calibration gases shall be
traceable to NIST standards and shall be certified by the
manufacturer to ±1percent of the tag value.
Additionally, the
manufacturer of the cylinder should provide a recommended shelf
life for each calibration gas cylinder over which the
concentration does not change more than ±2percent from
the
certified value.
For calibration gas values notgenerally
available, alternative methods for preparing calibration gas
mixtures, such as dilution systems, may be used with prior
approval.
2.1.9.1
Fuel.
A 40 percent H2/60 percent He or 40 percent H2/60
percent
N2 gas mixture is recommended to avoid an oxygen
synergism effect that reportedly occurs when oxygen concentration
varies significantly from a mean value.
2.1.9.2
Carrier Gas.
High
purity air with less than
1 ppm of
organic material
(as propane or carbon equivalent)
or less than
0.1 percent of the span value, whichever is greater.
2.1.9.3
FIA Linearity Calibration Gases.
Low—, mid—,
and
high—range gas mixture standards with nominal propane
concentrations of
20-30,
45-55,
and 70—80 percent of the span
value in air, respectively.
Other calibration values and other
span values may be used if it can be shown
that
more
accurate
measurements would be achieved.
2.1.10
Particulate Filter.
An in-stack or an out-of—stack glass
fiber filter is recommended if exhaust gas particulate loading is
significant.
An out-of-stack filter must be heated to prevent
any condensation unless it can be demonstrated that no
condensation occurs.
2.2
Fugitive Emissions Volumetric Flow Rate.
2.2.1
Method
2 or 2A Apparatus.
For determining volumetric flow
rate.
213
2.2.2
Method
3 Apparatus and Reagents.
For determining
molecular weight of the gas stream.
An estimate of the molecular
weight of the gas stream may be used if it can be justified.
2.2
•
3
Method
4 Apparatus and Reagents.
For determining moisture
content,
if necessary.
2.3
Temporary Total Enclosure.
The criteria for designing a TTE
are discussed in Procedure T.
3.
DETERMINATION OF VOLUMETRIC FLOW RATE OF FUGITIVE EMISSIONS
3.1
Locate all points where emissions are exhausted from the
TTE.
Using Method 1, determine the sampling points.
Be sure to
check each site for cyclonic or swirling flow.
3.2
Measure the velocity at each sampling site at least once
every hour during each sampling run using Method
2 or 2A.
4.
DETERMINATION OF VOC CONTENT OF FUGITIVE EMISSIONS
4.1
Analysis Duration.
Measure the VOC responses at each
fugitive emission point during the entire test run or,
if
applicable, while the process is operating.
If there are
multiple emission locations,
design a sampling system to allow a
single FIA to be used to determine the VOC responses at all
sampling locations.
4.2
Gas VOC Concentration.
4.2.1
Assemble the sample train as shown in Figure 1.
Calibrate
the FIA and conduct a system check according to the procedures in
Sections 5.1 and 5.3, respectively.
4.2.2
Install the sample probe so that the probe is centrally
located in the stack, pipe, or duct, and is sealed tightly at the
stack port connection.
4.2.3
Inject zero gas at the calibration valve assembly.
Allow
the measurement system response to reach zero.
Measure the
system response time as the time required for the system to reach
the effluent concentration after the calibration valve has been
returned to the effluent sampling position.
4.2.4
Conduct a system check before and a system drift check
after each sampling run according to the procedures in Sections
5.2 and 5.3.
If the drift check following a run indicates
unacceptable performance, the run is not valid.
The tester may
elect to perform system drift checks during the run not to exceed
one drift check per hour.
4.2.5
Verify that the sample lines,
filter, and pump
214
temperatures are 120 ±5CC.
4.2.6
Begin sampling at the start of the test period and
,continue to sample during the entire run.
Record the starting
and ending times and any required process information as
appropriate.
If multiple emission locations are sampled using a
single FIA, sample at each location for the same amount of time
(e.g.,
2 minutes) and continue to switch from one location to
another for the entire test run.
Be sure that total sampling
time at each location is the same at the end of the test run.
Collect at least
4 separate measurements from each sample point
during each hour of testing.
Disregard the response measurements
at each sampling location until two times the response time of
the measurement system has elapsed.
Continue sampling for at
least 1 minute and record the concentration measurements.
4.3
Background Concentration.
4.3.1
Determination of VOC Background Concentration.
4.3.1.1
Locate all NDO’s of the TTE.
A sampling point shall be
centrally located outside of the TTE at 4 equivalent diameters
from each NDO,
if possible.
If there are more than 6 NDO’s,
choose 6 sampling points evenly spaced among the NDO’s.
4.3.1.2
Assemble the sample train as shown in Figure
2.
Calibrate the FIA and conduct a system check according to the
procedures in Sections 5.1 and 5.3.
4.3.1.3
Position the probe at the sampling location.
4.3.1.4
Determine the response time,
conduct the system check
and sample according to the procedures described in Sections
4.2.3 to 4.2.6.
4.4
Alternative Procedure.
The direct interface sampling and
analysis procedure described-in Section 7.2 of Method 18 may be
used to determine the gas VOC concentration.
The system must be
designed to collect and analyze at least one sample every 10
minutes.
5.
CALIBRATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
5.1
FIA Calibration and Linearity Check.
Make necessary
adjustments to the air and fuel supplies for the FIA and ignite
the burner.
Allow the FIA to warm up for the period recommended
by the manufacturer.
Inject a calibration gas into the
measurement system and adjust the back—pressure regulator to the
value required to achieve the flow rates specified by the
manufacturer.
Inject the zero- and the high—range calibration
gases and adjust the analyzer calibration to provide the proper
responses.
Inject the low- and mid—range gases and record the
responses of the measurement system.
The calibration and
215
linearity of the system are acceptable if the responses for all
four gases are within
5 percent of the respective gas values.
If
the performance of the system is not acceptable,
repair or adjust
the system and repeat the linearity check.
Conduct a calibration
and linearity check after assembling the analysis system and
after a major change is made to the system.
5.2
Systems Drift Checks.
Select the calibration gas
concentration that most closely approximates that of the fugitive
gas emissions to conduct the
drift checks.
Introduce the zero
and calibration gas at the calibration valve assembly and verify
that the appropriate gas flow rate and pressure are present at
the FIA.
Record the measurement system responses to the zero and
calibration gases.
The performance of the system is acceptable
if the difference between the drift check measurement and the
value obtained in Section 5.1 is less than
3 percent of the span
value.
Conduct a system drift check at the end of each run.
5.3
System Check.
Inject the high range calibration gas at the
inlet of the sampling probe and record the response.
The
performance of the system is acceptable if the measurement system
response is within
5 percent of the value obtained in Section 5.1
for the high range calibration gas.
Conduct a system check
before each test run.
5.4
Analysis Audit.
Immediately before each test analyze an
audit cylinder as described in Section 5.2.
The analysis audit
must agree with the audit cylinder concentration within 10
percent.
6.
NOMENCLATURE
area of
NDO
i,
ft2.
total area of all NDO’s in the enclosure,
ft2.
=
corrected average VOC concentration of background
emissions at point
i, ppm propane.
C8
=
average background concentration, ppm propane.
~H
=
average measured concentration for the drift check
calibration gas, ppm propane.
=
average system drift check concentration for zero
concentration gas, ppm propane.
=
corrected average VOC concentration of fugitive
emissions at point
j,
ppm propane.
=
actual concentration of the drift check calibration
gas, ppm propane.
216
C.
=
uncorrected
average background VOC concentration at
point
i, ppm propane.
=
uncorrected average VOC concentration measured at
point
j,
ppm propane.
F
=
total VOC content of fugitive emissions,
kg.
K1
=
1.830 x 106 kg/ (m3—ppm).
n
=
number of measurement points.
QF~
=
average effluent volumetric flow rate corrected to
standard conditions at fugitive emissions point
j,
m3/min.
=
total duration of fugitive emissions sampling run,
mm.
7.
CALCULATIONS
7.1
Total VOC Fugitive Emissions.
F
=
9::
(CFj
—
C8)
QF~~
11
Eq.
1
7.2
VOC Concentration of the Fugitive Emissions at Point
j.
CFj
=
(C~
—
CDO)
C1~
Eq.
2
;H-CDO
217
7.3
Background VOC Concentration at Point i.
C0i
=
(C~
-
CD0)
C11
Eq.
3
CDH
C00
7.4
Average Background Concentration.
~
C81A~
Eq.
5
nAN
NOTE:
If the concentration at each point is within 20 percent of
the average concentration of all points, the terms
“As” and “AW”
may be deleted from Equation 4.
Procedure L
-
VOC Input
1.
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Applicability.
This procedure is applicable for determining
the input of volatile organic compounds
(VOC).
It is intended to
be used as a segment in the development of liquid/gas protocols
for determining VOC capture efficiency
(CE) for surface coating
and printing operations.
1.2
Principle.
The amount of VOC introduced to the process
(L)
is the sum of the products of the weight
(W)
of each VOC
containing liquid
(ink, paint, solvent, etc.) used and its VOC
content
(V).
A sample of each VOC containing liquid is analyzed
with a flame ionization analyzer
(FIA) to determine V.
1.3
Estimated Measurement Uncertainty.
The measurement
uncertainties are estimated for each VOC containing liquid as
follows:
W
=
±2.0percent and V
=
±12.0percent.
Based on these
numbers, the probable uncertainty for L is estimated at about
±12.2percent for each VOC containing liquid.
1.4
Sampling Requirements.
A capture efficiency test shall
consist of at least three sampling runs.
The sampling time for
each run should be at least
8 hours, unless otherwise approved.
1.5
Notes.
Because this procedure is often applied in highly
explosive areas,
caution and care should be exercised in choosing
appropriate equipment and installing and using the equipment.
Mention of trade names or company products does not constitute
endorsement.
All gas concentrations (percent, ppm) are by
volume, unless otherwise noted.
218
2.
APPARATUS
AND REAGENTS
2.1
Liquid Weight.
2.1.1
Balances/Digital Scales.
To weigh drums of VOC containing
liquids to within 0.2 lb.
2. 1.2
Volume Measurement Apparatus (Alternative).
Volume
meters,
flow meters, density measurement equipment,
etc., as
needed to achieve same accuracy as direct weight measurements.
2.2
VOC Content
(Flame Ionization Analyzer Technique).
The
liquid sample analysis system is shown in Figures 1 and 2.
The
following equipment is required:
2.2.1
Sample Collection Can.
An appropriately sized metal can
to be used to collect VOC containing materials.
The can must be
constructed in such a way that it can be grounded to the coating
container.
2.2.2
Needle Valves.
To control gas flow.
2.2.3
Regulators.
For carrier gas and calibration gas
cylinders.
2.2.4
Tubing.
Teflon or stainless steel tubing with diameters
and lengths determined by connection requirements of equipment.
The tubing between the sample oven outlet and the FIA shall be
heated to maintain a temperature of
120 ±5’C.
2.2.5
Atmospheric Vent.
A tee and 0— to 0.5—liter/mm
rotameter
placed in the sampling line between the carrier gas cylinder and
the VOC sample vessel to release the excess carrier gas.
A
toggle valve placed between the tee and the rotameter facilitates
leak tests of the analysis system.
2.2.6
Thermometer.
Capable of measuring the temperature of the
hot water bath to within l~C.
2.2.7
Sample Oven.
Heated enclosure, containing calibration gas
coil heaters,
critical orifice, aspirator, and other liquid
sample analysis components,
capable of maintaining a temperature
of 120 ±5’C.
2.2.8
Gas Coil Heaters.
Sufficient lengths of stainless steel
or Teflon tubing to allow zero and calibration gases to be heated
to the sample oven temperature before entering the critical
orifice or aspirator.
2.2.9
Water Bath.
Capable of heating and maintaining a sample
vessel temperature of 100 ±5°C.
219
2.2.10
Analytical Balance.
To measure ±0.001~g.
2.2.11
Disposable Syringes.
2-cc or 5-cc.
2.2.12
Sample Vessel.
Glass, 40—ml septum vial.
A separate
vessel is needed for each sample.
2.2.13
Rubber Stopper.
Two-hole stopper to accommodate 3.2-mm
(1/8-in.) Teflon tubing, appropriately sized to fit the opening
of the sample vessel.
The rubber stopper should be wrapped in
Teflon tape to provide a tighter seal and to prevent any reaction
of the sample with the rubber stopper.
Alternatively, any
leak-free closure fabricated of non—reactive materials and
accommodating the necessary tubing fittings may be used.
2.2.14
Critical Orifices.
Calibrated critical orifices capable
of providing constant flow rates from 50 to 250 ml/min at known
pressure drops.
Sapphire orifice assemblies
(available from
O’Keefe Controls Company) and glass capillary tubing have been
found to be adequate for this application.
2.2.15
Vacuum
Gauge.
0—
to
760—mm
(0-
to
30—in.)
Hg
U—Tube
manometer or vacuum gauge.
2.2.16
Pressure
Gauge.
Bourdon
gauge
capable
of
measuring
the
maximum air pressure at the aspirator inlet
(e.g.,
100 psig).
2.2.17
Aspirator.
A device capable of generating sufficient
vacuum at the sample vessel to create critical flow through the
calibrated orifice when sufficient air pressure is present at the
aspirator inlet.
The aspirator must also provide sufficient
sample pressure to operate the FIA.
The sample is also mixed
with the dilution gas within the aspirator.
2.2.18
Soap Bubble Meter.
Of an appropriate size to calibrate
the critical orifices in the system.
2.2.19
Organic Concentration Analyzer.
An FIA with a span value
of 1.5 times the expected concentration as propane; however other
span values may be used if it can be demonstrated that they would
provide more accurate measurements.
The system shall be capable
of meeting or exceeding the following specifications:
2.2.19.1
Zero Drift.
Less than ±3.0percent of the span value.
2.2.19.2
Calibration Drift.
Less than ±3.0percent of span
value.
2.2.19.3
Calibration Error.
Less than ±5.0percent of the
calibration gas value.
220
2.2.20
Integrator/Data Acquisition System.
An analog or digital
device or computerized data acquisition system used to integrate
the FIA response or compute the average response and record
jneasurement data.
The minimum data sampling frequency for
computing average or integrated values is one measurement value
every 5 seconds.
The device shall be capable of recording
average values at least once per minute.
2
•
2
•
21
Chart Recorder (Optional).
A chart recorder or similar
device is recommended to provide a continuous analog display of
the measurement results during the liquid sample analysis.
2.2.22
Calibration
and
Other
Gases.
For
calibration,
fuel,
and
combustion air (if required) contained in compressed gas
cylinders.
All calibration gases shall be traceable to
NIST
standards and shall be certified by the manufacturer to ±1
percent of the tag value.
Additionally, the manufacturer of the
cylinder should provide a recommended shelf life for each
calibration gas cylinder over which the concentration does not
change more than±2percent from the certified value.
For
calibration gas values not generally available,
alternative
methods for preparing calibration gas mixtures, such as dilution
systems, may be used with prior approval.
2.2.22.1
Fuel.
A 40 percent H2/60 percent He or 40 percent
H2/60 percent N2 gas mixture is recommended to avoid an oxygen
synergism effect thatreportedly occurs when oxygen concentration
varies significantly from a mean value.
2.2.22.2
Carrier Gas.
High purity air with less than
1 ppm of
organic material (as propane)
or less than 0.1 percent of the
span value, whichever is greater.
2.2.22.3
FIA Linearity Calibration Gases.
Low-, mid-,
and
high-range gas mixture standards with nominal propane
concentrations of
20—30,
45-~5,
and 70—80 percent of the span
value in air, respectively.
Other calibration values and other
span values may be used if it can be shown that more accurate
measurements would be achieved.
2.2.22.4
System Calibration Gas.
Gas mixture standard
containing propane in air, approximating the undiluted VOC
concentration expected for the liquid samples.
3.
DETERMINATION OF LIQUID INPUT WEIGHT
3.1
weight Difference.
Determine the amount of material
introduced to the process as the weight difference of the feed
material before and after each sampling run.
In determining the
total
VOC
containing liquid usage, account for:
(a) the initial
(beginning)
VOC
containing
liquid
mixture;
(b) any solvent added
during the test run;
(C)
any coating added during the test run;
221
and
(d)
any residual
VOC
containing liquid mixture remaining at
the end of the sample run.
3.1.1
Identify all points where VOC containing liquids are
introduced to the process.
To obtain an accurate measurement of
VOC containing liquids, start with an empty fountain (if
applicable).
After completing the run, drain the liquid in the
fountain back into the liquid drum (if possible), and weigh the
drum again.
Weigh the VOC containing liquids to tO.5 percent of
the total weight
(full)
or ±0.1percent of the total weight of
VOC containing liquid used during the sample run, whichever is
less.
If
the
residual
liquid
cannot
be
returned
to
the
drum,
drain the fountain into a preweighed empty drum to determine the
final weight of the
liquid.
3.1.2
If it is not possible to measure a single representative
mixture, then weigh the various components separately
(e.g.,
if
solvent is added during the sampling run, weigh the solvent
before it is added to the mixture).
If a fresh drum of VOC
containing liquid is needed during the run, then weigh both the
empty drum and fresh drum.
3.2
Volume Measurement (Alternative).
If direct weight
measurements are not feasible, the -tester may use volume meters
and flow rate meters (and density measurements) to determine the
weight of liquids used if it can be demonstrated that the
technique produces results equivalent to the direct weight
measurements.
If a single representative mixture cannot be
measured, measure the components separately.
4.
DETERMINATION OF VOC CONTENT IN INPUT LIQUIDS
4.1
Collection of Liquid Samples.
4.1.1
Collect a 100-mi or larger sample of the VOC containing
liquid mixture at each application location at the beginning and
end of each test run.
A separate sample should be taken of each
VOC
containing
liquid
added to the application mixture during the
test
run.
If
a
fresh
drum is needed during the sampling run,
then obtain a sample from the fresh drum.
4.1
•
2
When collecting the sample, ground the sample container to
the coating drum.
Fill
the sample container as close to the rim
as possible to minimize the amount of headspace.
4.1.3
After the sample is collected,
seal the container so the
sample cannot leak out or evaporate.
4.1.4
Label the container to identify clearly the contents.
4.2
Liquid Sample VOC Content.
222
4.2.1
Assemble the liquid VOC content analysis system as shown
in Figure
1.
4.2.2
Permanently identify all of the critical orifices that may
be used.
Calibrate each critical orifice under the expected
operating conditions
(i.e.,
sample vacuum and temperature)
against a volume meter as described in Section 5.3.
4.2.3
Label and tare the sample vessels
(including the stoppers
and caps)
and the syringes.
4.2.4
Install an empty sample vessel and perform a leak test of
the system.
Close the carrier gas valve and atmospheric vent and
evacuate the sample vessel to 250 mm
(10 in.) Hg absolute or less
using the aspirator.
Close the toggle valve at the inlet
f-o the
aspirator and observe the vacuum for at least one minute.
Ef
there is any change in the sample pressure, release the vacuum,
adjust or repair the apparatus as necessary and repeat the leak
test.
4.2.5
Perform the analyzer calibration and linearity checks
according to the procedure in Section 5.1.
Record the responses
to each of the calibration gases and the back—pressure setting of
the FIA.
4.2.6
Establish the appropriate dilution ratio by adjusting the
aspirator air supply or substituting critical orifices.
Operate
the aspirator at a vacuum of at least 25
mm
(1 in.) Hg greater
than the vacuum necessary to achieve critical flow.
Select the
dilution ratio so that the maximum response of the FIA to the
sample does not exceed the high—range calibration gas.
4.2.7
Perform system calibration checks at two levels by
introducing compressed gases at the inlet to the sample vessel
while the aspirator and dilution devices are operating.
Perform
these checks using the carrier gas (zero concentration) and the
system calibration gas.
If the response to the carrier gas
exceeds ±Q5percent of span,
clean or repair the apparatus and
repeat the check.
Adjust the dilution ratio as necessary to
achieve the correct response to the upscale check, but do not
adjust the analyzer calibration.
Record the identification of
the orifice, aspirator air supply pressure, FIA back—pressure,
and the responses of the FIA to the carrier and system
calibration gases.
4.2.8
After completing the above checks,
inject the system
calibration gas for approximately 10 minutes.
Time the exact
duration of the gas injection using a stopwatch.
Determine the
area under the FIA response curve and calculate the system
response factor based on the sample gas flow rate,
gas
concentration, and the duration of the injection as compared to
223
the integrated response using Equations 2 and 3.
4.2.9
Verify that the sample oven and sample line temperatures
are 120 t5°Cand that the water bath temperature is 100 t5°C.
4.2.10
Fill a tared syringe with approximately 1 g of the VOC
containing
liquid
and weigh it.
Transfer the liquid to a tared
sample vessel.
Plug the sample vessel to minimize sample loss.
Weigh the sample vessel containing the liquid to determine the
amount of sample actually received.
Also,
as a quality control
check, weigh the empty syringe to determine the amount of
material delivered.
The two coating sample weights should agree
within ±0.02g.
If not, repeat the procedure until an acceptable
sample is obtained.
4.2.11
Connect the vessel to the analysis system.
Adjust the
aspirator supply pressure to the correct value.
Open the valve
on the carrier gas supply to the sample vessel and adjust it to
provide a slight excess flow to the atmospheric vent.
As soon as
the initial response of the
FIA
begins to decrease, immerse the
sample vessel in the water bath.
(Applying heat to the sample
vessel too soon may cause the FID response to exceed the
calibrated range of the instrument, and thus invalidate the
analysis.)
4.2.12
Continuously measure and record the response of the
FIA
until all of the volatile material has been evaporated from the
sample and the instrument response has returned to the baseline
(i.e., response less than 0.5 percent of the span value).
Observe the aspirator supply pressure, FIA back—pressure,
atmospheric vent,
and other system operating parameters during
the run; repeat the analysis procedure if any of these parameters
deviate from the values established during the system calibration
checks in Section 4.2.7.
After each sample perform the drift
check described in Section 5.2.
If the drift check results are
acceptable, calculate the VOC content of the sample using the
equations in Section 7.
Integrate the area under the FIA
response curve, ordetermine the average concentration response
and the duration of sample analysis.
5.
CALIBRATION AND
QUALITY ASSURANCE
5.1
FIA Calibration and Linearity Check.
Make necessary
adjustments to the air and fuel supplies for the FIA and ignite
the burner.
Allow the FIA to warm up for the period recommended
by the manufacturer.
Inject a calibration gas into the
measurement system and adjust the back-pressure regulator to the
value required to achieve the flow rates specified by the
manufacturer.
Inject the zero— and the high—range calibration
gases and adjust the analyzer calibration to provide the proper
responses.
Inject the low- and mid—range gases and record the
responses of the measurement system.
The calibration and
224
linearity of the system are acceptable if the responses for all
four
gases
are
within
5
percent
of
the
respective
gas
values.
If
the performance of the system is not acceptable, repair or adjust
the system and repeat the linearity check.
Conduct a calibration
and linearity check after assembling the analysis system and
after a major change is made to the system.
5.2
Systems Drift Checks.
After each sample, repeat the system
calibration
checks
in
Section
4.2.7
before
any
adjustments
to
the
FIA or measurement system are made.
If the zero or calibration
drift exceeds ±3percent of the span value, discard the result
and repeat the analysis.
5.3
Critical Orifice Calibration.
5.3.1
Each critical orifice must be calibrated at the specific
operating conditions that it will be used.
Therefore,
assemble
all components of the
liquid
sample analysis system as shown in
Figure
3.
A stopwatch is also required.
5.3.2
Turn on the sample oven, sample line, and water bath
heaters and allow the system to reach the proper operating
temperature.
Adjust the aspirator to a vacuum of 380 mm
(15 in.)
Hg vacuum.
Measure the time required for one soap bubble to move
a known distance and record barometric pressure.
5.3.3
Repeat the calibration procedure at a vacuum of 406 mm
(16
in.) Hg and at 25-mm
(1-in.) Hg intervals until three consecutive
determinations provide the same flow rate.
Calculate the
critical flow rate for the orifice in mi/mm
at standard
conditions.
Record the vacuum necessary to achieve critical
flow.
6.
NOMENCLATURE
AL =
area under the response curve of the
liquid
sample,
area count.
area under the response curve of the calibration
gas, area count.
=
actual concentration of system calibration gas, ppm
propane.
1.830
x
l09
g/(ml—ppm).
total VOC content of liquid input,
kg.
mass of
liquid
sample delivered to the sample
vessel,
g.
flow rate through critical orifice, ml/min.
226
Procedure T
—
Criteria for and Verification of a Permanent or
Temporary Total Enclosure
1.
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Applicability.
This procedure is used to determine whether
a permanent or temporary enclosure meets the criteria of a total
enclosure.
1.2
Principle.
An enclosure is evaluated against a set of
criteria.
If the criteria are met and if all the exhaust gases
are ducted to a control device, then the volatile organic
compounds
(VOC)
capture efficiency
(CE)
is assumed to be 100
percent and CE need not be measured.
However,
if part of the
exhaust gas stream is not ducted to a control device, CE must be
determined.
2.
DEFINITIONS
2.1
Natural Draft Opening
(NDO)
--
Any permanent opening in the
enclosure that remains open during operation of the facility and
is not connected to a duct in whicha fan is installed.
2.2
Permanent Total Enclosure (PTE)
--
A permanently installed
enclosure that completely surrounds a source of emissions such
that
all
VOC
emissions
are
captured
and
contained
for
discharge
through
a
control device.
2.3
Temporary Total Enclosure (TTE)
—-
A temporarily installed
enclosure
that
completely
surrounds
a
source
of
emissions
such
that all VOC emissions are captured and contained for discharge
through ducts that allow for the accurate measurement of VOC
rates.
3.
CRITERIA
OF
A
TEMPORARY
TOTAL
ENCLOSURE
3.1
Any NDO
shall
be
at
least
4
equivalent
opening
diameters
from each VOC emitting point.
3.2
Any exhaust point from the enclosure shall be at least 4
equivalent duct or hood diameters from each NDO.
3.3
The total area of all NDO’s shall not exceed 5 percent of
the surface area of the enclosure’s four walls, floor, and
ceiling.
3.4
The average facial velocity (FV) of air through all NDO’s
shall be at least 3,600 rn/hr
(200 fpm).
The direction of air
through all NDO’s shall be into the enclosure.
225
RF =
liquid
analysis
system
response
factor,
g/area
count.
=
total gas injection time for system calibration gas
during integrator calibration, mm.
=
final VOC fraction of VOC containing liquid
j.
V1j
=
initial VOC fraction of VOC containing liquid
j.
V~j
=
VOC fraction of VOC containing liquid
j
added during
the run.
V
=
VOC fraction of liquid sample.
W~j
=
weight of VOC containing liquid
j
remaining at end
of the run, kg.
W1j
=
weight of VOC containing liquid
j at beginning of
the run, kg.
W~j
=
weight of VOC containing liquid
j
added during the
run, kg.
7.
CALCULATIONS
7.1
Total VOC Content of the Input VOC Containing Liquid.
I,
n
n
L
=
•E
V1j
WFj
-
~
V,J ~
+
Z
V~~jW~j
Eq.
1
j=l
j1
7.2
Liquid Sample Analysis System Response Factor for Systems
Using Integrators, Grams/Area Counts.
q T~K
RF=
________
Eq.
2
7.13
VOC Content of the Liquid Sample.
ALRF
Eq.
3
V=
________
ML
227
3.5
All access doors and windows whose areas are not included
Section 3.3 and are not included in the calculation in Section
3.4 shall be closed during routine operation oi the process.
4.
CRITERIA OF A PERMANENT
TOTAL
ENCLOSURE
4.1
Same as Sections 3.1 and 3.3
—
3.5.
4.2
All VOC emissions must be captured and contained for
discharge through a control device.
5.
PROCEDURE
5.1
Determine the equivalent diameters of the NDO’s and
determine the distances from each VOC emitting point to all
NDO’s.
Determine the equivalent diameter of each exhaust duct or
hood and its distance to all NDO’s.
Calculate the distances in
terms of equivalent diameters.
The number of equivalent
diameters shall be at least 4.
5.2
Measure the total area
(As) of the enclosure and the total
area
(A.,~) of all NDO’s of the enclosure.
Calculate the NDO to
enclosure area ratio
(NEAR) as follows:
NEAR
=
A,IJAt
The NEAR must be
0.05.
5.3
Measure the volumetric flow rate, corrected to standard
conditions,of each gas stream exiting the enclosure through an
exhaust duct or hood using EPA Method 2.
In some cases
(e.g.,
when the building is the enclosure),
it may be necessary to
measure the volumetric flow rate, corrected to standard
conditions, of each gas stream entering the enclosure through a
forced makeup air duct using Method 2.
Calculate FV using the
following equation:
where:
Q0
=
the sum of the volumetric flow from all gas streams
exiting the enclosure through an exhaust duct or
hood.
Q~
=
the sum of the volumetric flow from all gas streams
into the enclosure through a forced makeup air duct;
zero,
if there is no forced makeup air into the
enclosure.
=
total area of all NDO’s in enclosure.
228
The FV shall be at least 3,600 rn/hr
(200 fpm).
5.4
Verify that the direction of air flow through all NDO’s is
inward.
Use streamers, smoke tubes, tracer gases, etc.
Strips
of plastic wrapping film have been found to be effective.
Monitor the direction of air flow at intervals of at least 10
minutes for at least
1 hour.
6.
QUALITY ASSURANCE
6.1
The success of this protocol lies in designing the T~Eto
simulate the conditions that exist without the TTE, i.e., the
effect of the TTE on the normal flow patterns around the affected
facility or the amount of fugitive VOC emissions should be
minimal.
The TTE must enclose the application stations, coating
reservoirs,
and all areas from the application station to the
oven.
The oven does not have to be enclosed if it is under
negative pressure.
The NDO’s of the temporary enclosure and a
fugitive exhaust fan must be properly sized and placed.
6.2.
Estimate the ventilation rate of the TTE that best
simulates
the
conditions
that
exist
without
the
TTE,
i.e., the
effect of the TTE on the normal flow patterns around the affected
facility or the amount of fugitive VOC emissions should be
minimal.
Figure 1 may be used as an aid.
Measure the
concentration
(CG) and flow rate
(Q6)
of the captured gas stream,
specify a safe concentration
(CF)
for the fugitive gas stream,
estimate the CE, and then use the plot in Figure 1 to determine
the
volumetric flowrate of the fugitive gas stream
(QF)•
A
fugitive VOC emission exhaust fan that has a variable flow
control is desirable.
6.2.1
Monitor the concentration of VOC into the capture device
without the TTE.
To minimize the effect of temporal variation on
the captured emissions, the baseline measurement should be made
over
as
long
a
time
period
as
practical.
However,
the
process
conditions must be the same for the measurement in Section 6.2.3
as they are for this baseline measurement.
This may require
short measuring times for this quality control check before and
after the construction of the TTE.
6.2.2
After the TTE is constructed, monitor the VOC
concentration inside the TTE.
This concentration shall not
continue to increase and must not exceed the safe level according
to OSHA requirements for permissible exposure limits.
An
increase in VOC concentration indicates poor TTE design or poor
capture efficiency.
6.2.3
Monitor the concentration of VOC into the capture device
with the TTE.
To limit the effect of the TTE on the process, the
VOC concentration with and without the TTE must be within ±10
percent.
If the measurements do not agree, adjust the
229
ventilation rate from the TTE until they agree within 10 percent.
230
Appendix C
Reference Methods and Procedures
Introduction
This Appendix presents the reference methods and procedures
required for implementing Reasonably Available Control Technology
(RACT).
Methods and procedures are identified for two types of
ACT implementation:
a)
Determination of VOC destruction efficiency for evaluating
compliance with the 98 weight percent VOC reduction or 20
ppmv emission limit specified in Sections 215.520 through
215.527; and
b)
Determination of offgas flowrate, hourly emissions and stream
net heating value for calculating TRE.
All reference methods identified in this Appendix refer to the
reference methods specified at 40 CFR 60, Appendix A,
incorporated by reference in Section 215.105.
VOC DESTRUCTION EFFICIENCY DETERMINATION
The following reference methods and procedures are required for
determining compliance with the percent destruction efficiency
specified in Sections 215.520 through 215.527.
a)
Reference Method
1 or lA for selection of the sampling site.
The control device inlet sampling site for determination of
vent
stream
molar
composition
or
total
organic
compound
destruction efficiency shall be prior to the inlet of any
control device and after all recovery devices.
b)
Reference Methods
2,
2A, 2C or 2D for determination of the
volumetric flowrate.
c)
Reference Method
3 to measure oxygen concentration of the air
dilution correction.
The emission sample shall be corrected
to 3 percent oxygen.
d)
Reference Method 18 to determine the concentration of total
organic compounds (minus methane and ethane)
in the control
device outlet and total organic compound reduction efficiency
of the control device.
TRE
DETERMINATION
The following reference methods and procedures are required for
determining the offgas flowrate, hourly emissions,
and the net
heating value of the gas coinbusted to calculate the vent stream
TRE.
231
a)
Reference Method
1 or 1A for selection of the sampling site.
The sampling site for the vent stream flowrate and molar
composition determination prescribed in
(b) and
(c)
shall be
prior to the inlet of any combustion device, prior to any
post—reactor dilution of the stream with air and prior to any
post—reactor introduction of halogenated compounds into the
vent stream.
Subject to the preceding restrictions on the
sampling
site,
it
shall
be
after
the
final
recovery
device.
If any gas stream other than the air oxidation vent stream is
normally conducted through the recovery system of the
affected facility, such stream shall be rerouted or turned
off while the vent stream is sampled, but shall be routed
normally prior to the measuring of the initial value of the
monitored parameters for determining compliance with the
recommended RACT.
If the air oxidation vent stream is
normally routed through any equipment which is not a part of
the air oxidation process as defined in 35 Ill. Adm. Code
211.122, such equipment shall be bypassed by the vent stream
while the vent stream is sampled, but shall not be bypassed
during the measurement of the initial value of the monitored
parameters for determining compliance with Subpart V.
b)
The molar composition of the vent stream shall be determined
using the following methods:
1)
Reference Method 18 to measure the concentration of all
organics, including those containing halogens, unless a
significant portion of the compounds of interest are
polymeric (high molecular weight), can polymerize before
analysis or have low vapor pressures,
in which case
Reference Method 25(a)
shall be used.
2)
ASTM D1946-67
(reapproved 1977),
incorporated by
reference in Section 215.105, to measure the
concentration of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
3)
Reference Method
4 to measure the content of water vapor,
if
necessary.
c)
The volumetric flowrate shall be determined using Reference
Method
2, 2A, 2C or 2D,
as appropriate.
d)
The net heating value of the vent stream shall be calculated
using the following equation:
n
H=K
S
CiHi
i=l
232
Where:
H
=
Net heating value of the sample, MJ/scm, where the
net enthalpy per mole of offgas is based on
combustion at 25°Cand
760 mm Hg,
but the standard
temperature for determining the volume corresponding
to one mole is 20°C,as in the definition of F (vent
stream flowrate) below.
K
=
Constant,
1.740 x 107
(1/ppm)
(mole/scm) (MJ/kcal)
where standard temperature for mole/scm is
20C.
Ci
=
Concentration of sample component i, reported on a
wet basis,
in ppm, as measured by Reference Method
18
or
ASTM D1946—67
(reapproved 1977),
incorporated
by reference in Section 215.105.
Hi
=
Net heat of combustion of sample component i,
kcal/mole based on combustion at 25 C and 760 mm Hg.
If
published values are not available or cannot be
calculated,
the heats of combustion of vent stream
components are required to be determined using AST1~!
D2382-76,
incorporated by reference in Section
215. 105.
e)
The emission rate of total organic compounds in the process
vent
stream
shall
be
calculated
using
the following equation:
n
E=K
F
S
CiMi
i=l
Where:
E
=
Emission rate of total organic compounds (minus
methane and ethane) in the sample in kg/hr.
K
=
Constant 2.494 x 106
(1/ppm)
(mole/scm)
(kg/g)
(inin/hr), where standard temperature for
(mole/scm)
is 20°C.
Mi
=
Molecular weight of sample component i (g/mole).
F
=
Vent stream flowrate (scm/mm), at a standard
temperature of 20°C.
f)
The total vent stream concentration (by volume)
of compounds
containing halogens
(ppmv, by compound) shall be summed from
the individual concentrations of compounds containing
233
halogens
which
were
measured
by
Reference
Method
18.
234
Appendix D
Coefficients for the Total Resource Effectiveness
Index
(TRE) Equation
This Appendix contains values for the total resource
effectiveness index
(TRE) equation in Subpart V.
If a flow rate falls exactly on the boundary between the
indicated ranges, the operator shall use the row in which the
flow
rate
is
maximum.
COEFFICIENTS FOR TRE EQUATION
FOR CHLORINATED PROCESS VENT
STREAMS
WITH
NET
HEATING
VALUE LESS THAN
OR EQUAL TO 3.5 WI/scm
FLOW RATE
(scm/mm)
Mm.
Max.
a
b
0.0
13.5
48.73
13.5
700.
42.35
700.
1400.
84.38
1400.2100.
126.41
2100.
2800.
168.44
2800.3500.
210.47
FLOW RATE
(scm/mm)
Mm.
Max.
a
c
d
e
f
0.
0.
0.
0.0245
0.
0.0346
0.
0.0424
0.
0.0490
0.
0.0548
0.
0.404
—0.1632
0.624
0.404
—0.1632
0.678
0.404
—0.1632
0.712
0.404
—0.1632
0.747
0.404
—0.1632
0.758
0.404
—0.1632
COEFFICIENTS FOR
TRE EQUATION
FOR CHLORINATED PROCESS
VENT
STREAMS
WITH
NET HEATING VALUE GREATER
THAN 3.5 WI/scm
b
c
d
e
f
0.
13.5
47.76
0.
—0.292
0.
0.
0.
13.5
700.
41.58
0.605 —0.292
0.
0.
0.0245
700.
1400.
82.84
0.658 —0.292
0.
0.
0.0346
1400.2100.
123.10
0.691
—0.292
0.
0.
0.0424
2100.2800.
165.36
0.715 —0.292
0.
0.
0.0490
2800. 3500.
206.62
0.734 —0.292
0.
0.
0.0548
235
COEFFICIENTS FOR TRE EQUATION
FOR NONCHLORINATED PROCESS VENT
STREAMS
WITH
NET
HEATING VALUE
LESS THAN
OR EQUAL TO 0.48 MJ/scn~
FLOW RATE
(scm/mm)
Mm.
Max.
0.
13.5
19.05
0.
13.5
1350.
16.61
0.0245
1350.2700.
32.91
0.0346
2700.4050.
49.21
0.0424
COEFFICIENTS FOR
TRE
EQUATION FOR NONCHLORINATED
PROCESS
VENT STREAMS
WITH NET HEATING VALUE
GREATER
THAN 0.48 AND LESS THAN OR
EQUAL TO 1.9
WI/scm
FLOW
RATE
(scm/mm)
Mm.
Max.
a
0.
13.5
19.74
0.
0.
13.5 1350.
18.30
0.
0.0245
1350. 2700.
36.28
0.
0.0346
2700.4050.
54.26
0.
0.0424
a
b
c
d
e
f
0.
0.113
—0.214
0.239
0.113
—0.214
0.260
0.113
—0.214
0.273
0.113
—0.214
0.
0.
0.
0.
b
c
d
e
f
0.
0.400
—0.202
0.138
0.400
—0.202
0.150
0.400
—0.202
0.158
0.400
—0.202
236
COEFFICIENTS FOR TRE EQUATION FOR NONCHLORINATED
PROCESS VENT STREAMS WITH NET
HEATING
VALUE
GREATER ThAN 1.9
AND
LESS THAN OR
EQUAL TO 3.6 MJ/scm
FLOW RATE
(scm/mm)
Mm.
Max.
a
b
c
d
e
f
.0
13.5
15.24
0.
0.033
0.
0.
0.
13.5 1190.
13.63
0.157
0.033
0.
0.
0.0245
1190.2380.
26.95
0.171
0.033
0.
0.
0.0346
2380. 3570.
40.27
0.179
0.033
0.
0.
0.0424
COEFFICIENTS FOR
TRE EQUATION
FOR NONCHLORINATED PROCESS VENT
STREAMS
WITH
NET HEATING VALUE GREATER THAN 3.6 MG/scm
FLOW
RATE
(scm/mm)
Mm.
Max.
a
b
c
d
e
f
0.
13.5
15.24
0.
0.
0.0090
0.
0.
13.5 1190.
13.63
0.
0.
0.0090
0.0503
0.0245
1190.
2380.
26.95
0.
0.
0.0090
0.0546
0.0346
2380. 3570.
40.27
0.
0.
0.0090
0.0573
0.0424
IT IS SO
ORDERED.
3.
Marlin and J.D. Dumelle were not present.
I, Dorothy M.
Gunn, Clerk of the Illinois Pollution Control
Board, hereby certif
that the above Opinion and Order was
adopted on the
/
day of
________________,
1991, by a vote
of
5—O
Dorothy
M.,~unn,
CXerk
Illinois
Pbllution
Control
Board
