ILLINOIS POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD
February 21, 2002
IN THE MATTER OF:
)
)
SDWA UPDATE, USEPA AMENDMENTS ) R02-5
(January 1, 2001 through June 30, 2001; ) (Identical-in-Substance
Arsenic Rule)
) Rulemaking - Public Water Supply)
Adopted Rule. Final Order.
ORDER OF THE BOARD (by R.C. Flemal):
By this order, the Board is adopting amendments to the Illinois drinking water
regulations that are identical in substance to amendments adopted by the United States
Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) to the federal Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) (42
U.S.C. §§ 300f
et seq.
(1994)) drinking water regulations. The federal amendments included in
this docket include those adopted by USEPA during the period between January 1, 2001 and
June 30, 2001. The Board has also included a number of amendments prompted by comments
from the Joint Committee on Administrative Rules (JCAR), the Illinois Environmental
Protection Agency (Agency), and USEPA.
These adopted amendments are based on a proposal for public comment adopted by the
Board on October 4, 2001, for which a Notice of Proposed Amendments appeared in the October
26, 2001 issue of the
Illinois Register
. The Board has made only non-substantive changes to the
proposal to public comments.
Under Sections 7.2 and 17.5 of the Environmental Protection Act (Act) (415 ILCS 5/7.2
and 17.5 (2000)), the Board today adopts amendments to the Illinois regulations that are
“identical in substance” to drinking water regulations that USEPA adopted to implement
Sections 1412(b), 1414(c), 1417(a), and 1445(a) of the federal SDWA (42 U.S.C. §§ 300g-1(a),
300g-3(c), 300g-6(a), and 300j-4(a) (1994)). The nominal timeframe of this docket includes
federal SDWA amendments that USEPA adopted in the period January 1, 2001 through June 30,
2001.
Sections 7.2 and 17.5 provide for quick adoption of regulations that are identical in
substance to federal regulations that USEPA adopts to implement Sections 1412(b), 1414(c),
1417(a), and 1445(a) of the federal SDWA. Section 17.5 also provides that Title VII of the Act
and Section 5 of the Administrative Procedure Act (APA) (5 ILCS 100/5-35 and 5-40 (2000)) do
not apply to the Board’s adoption of identical-in-substance regulations. The federal SDWA
regulations are found at 40 C.F.R. 141 through 143.
This order supports an opinion that the Board also adopts today. The Board will file the
adopted amendments with the Office of the Secretary of State without delay. The complete text
of the adopted amendments follows.
2
I, Dorothy M. Gunn, Clerk of the Illinois Pollution Control Board, certify that the Board
adopted the above order on February 21, 2002, by a vote of 7-0.
Dorothy M. Gunn, Clerk
Illinois Pollution Control Board
3
TITLE 35: ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
SUBTITLE F: PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES
CHAPTER I: POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD
PART 611
PRIMARY DRINKING WATER STANDARDS
SUBPART A: GENERAL
Section
611.100 Purpose, Scope and Applicability
611.101 Definitions
611.102 Incorporations by Reference
611.103 Severability
611.107 Agency Inspection of PWS Facilities
611.108 Delegation to Local Government
611.109 Enforcement
611.110 Special Exception Permits
611.111 Relief Equivalent to SDWA Section 1415(a) Variances
611.112 Relief Equivalent to SDWA Section 1416 Exemptions
611.113 Alternative Treatment Techniques
611.114 Siting requirements
611.115 Source Water Quantity
611.120 Effective dates
611.121 Maximum Contaminant Levels and Finished Water Quality
611.125 Fluoridation Requirement
611.126 Prohibition on Use of Lead
611.130 Special Requirements for Certain Variances and Adjusted Standards
611.131 Relief Equivalent to SDWA Section 1415(e) Small System Variance
611.160 Composite Correction Program
SUBPART B: FILTRATION AND DISINFECTION
Section
611.201 Requiring a Demonstration
611.202 Procedures for Agency Determinations
611.211 Filtration Required
611.212 Groundwater under Direct Influence of Surface Water
611.213 No Method of HPC Analysis
611.220 General Requirements
611.230 Filtration Effective Dates
611.231 Source Water Quality Conditions
611.232 Site-specific Conditions
611.233 Treatment Technique Violations
611.240 Disinfection
611.241 Unfiltered PWSs
611.242 Filtered PWSs
611.250 Filtration
4
611.261 Unfiltered PWSs: Reporting and Recordkeeping
611.262 Filtered PWSs: Reporting and Recordkeeping
611.271 Protection during Repair Work
611.272 Disinfection following Repair
611.276 Recycle Provisions
SUBPART C: USE OF NON-CENTRALIZED TREATMENT DEVICES
Section
611.280 Point-of-Entry Devices
611.290 Use of Point-of-Use Devices or Bottled Water
SUBPART D: TREATMENT TECHNIQUES
Section
611.295 General Requirements
611.296 Acrylamide and Epichlorohydrin
611.297 Corrosion Control
SUBPART F: MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVELS (MCLs) AND
MAXIMUM RESIDUAL DISINFECTANT LEVELS (MRDLs)
Section
611.300 Old MCLs for Inorganic Chemicals
611.301 Revised MCLs for Inorganic Chemicals
611.310 Old Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) for Organic Chemicals
611.311 Revised MCLs for Organic Contaminants
611.312 Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) for Disinfection Byproducts (DBPs)
611.313 Maximum Residual Disinfectant Levels (MRDLs)
611.320 Turbidity
611.325 Microbiological Contaminants
611.330 Maximum Contaminant Levels for Radionuclides
611.331 Beta Particle and Photon Radioactivity
SUBPART G: LEAD AND COPPER
Section
611.350 General Requirements
611.351 Applicability of Corrosion Control
611.352 Corrosion Control Treatment
611.353 Source Water Treatment
611.354 Lead Service Line Replacement
611.355 Public Education and Supplemental Monitoring
611.356 Tap Water Monitoring for Lead and Copper
611.357 Monitoring for Water Quality Parameters
611.358 Monitoring for Lead and Copper in Source Water
611.359 Analytical Methods
611.360 Reporting
611.361 Recordkeeping
5
SUBPART I: DISINFECTANT RESIDUALS, DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS,
AND DISINFECTION BYPRODUCT PRECURSORS
Section
611.380 General Requirements
611.381 Analytical Requirements
611.382 Monitoring Requirements
611.383 Compliance Requirements
611.384 Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements
611.385 Treatment Technique for Control of Disinfection Byproduct (DBP) Precursors
SUBPART K: GENERAL MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL
REQUIREMENTS
Section
611.480 Alternative Analytical Techniques
611.490 Certified Laboratories
611.491 Laboratory Testing Equipment
611.500 Consecutive PWSs
611.510 Special Monitoring for Unregulated Contaminants
SUBPART L: MICROBIOLOGICAL MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL
REQUIREMENTS
Section
611.521 Routine Coliform Monitoring
611.522 Repeat Coliform Monitoring
611.523 Invalidation of Total Coliform Samples
611.524 Sanitary Surveys
611.525 Fecal Coliform and E. Coli Testing
611.526 Analytical Methodology
611.527 Response to Violation
611.531 Analytical Requirements
611.532 Unfiltered PWSs
611.533 Filtered PWSs
SUBPART M: TURBIDITY MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL
REQUIREMENTS
Section
611.560 Turbidity
SUBPART N: INORGANIC MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL
REQUIREMENTS
Section
611.591 Violation of State MCL
611.592 Frequency of State Monitoring
611.600 Applicability
611.601 Monitoring Frequency
611.602 Asbestos Monitoring Frequency
6
611.603 Inorganic Monitoring Frequency
611.604 Nitrate Monitoring
611.605 Nitrite Monitoring
611.606 Confirmation Samples
611.607 More Frequent Monitoring and Confirmation Sampling
611.608 Additional Optional Monitoring
611.609 Determining Compliance
611.610 Inorganic Monitoring Times
611.611 Inorganic Analysis
611.612 Monitoring Requirements for Old Inorganic MCLs
611.630 Special Monitoring for Sodium
611.631 Special Monitoring for Inorganic Chemicals
SUBPART O: ORGANIC MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS
Section
611.640 Definitions
611.641 Old MCLs
611.645 Analytical Methods for Organic Chemical Contaminants
611.646 Phase I, Phase II, and Phase V Volatile Organic Contaminants
611.647 Sampling for Phase I Volatile Organic Contaminants (Repealed)
611.648 Phase II, Phase IIB, and Phase V Synthetic Organic Contaminants
611.650 Monitoring for 36 Contaminants (Repealed)
611.657 Analytical Methods for 36 Contaminants (Repealed)
611.658 Special Monitoring for Organic Chemicals
SUBPART P: THM MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS
Section
611.680 Sampling, Analytical and other Requirements
611.683 Reduced Monitoring Frequency
611.684 Averaging
611.685 Analytical Methods
611.686 Modification to System
611.687 Sampling for THM Potential
611.688 Applicability Dates
SUBPART Q: RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL
REQUIREMENTS
Section
611.720 Analytical Methods
611.731 Gross Alpha
611.732 Beta Particle and Photon Radioactivity
611.733 General Monitoring and Compliance Requirements
SUBPART R: ENHANCED FILTRATION AND DISINFECTION
Section
611.740 General Requirements
7
611.741 Standards for Avoiding Filtration
611.742 Disinfection Profiling and Benchmarking
611.743 Filtration
611.744 Filtration Sampling Requirements
611.745 Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements
SUBPART T: REPORTING AND RECORDKEEPING
Section
611.830 Applicability
611.831 Monthly Operating Report
611.832 Notice by Agency (Repealed)
611.833 Cross Connection Reporting
611.840 Reporting
611.851 Reporting MCL, MRDL, and other Violations (Repealed)
611.852 Reporting other Violations (Repealed)
611.853 Notice to New Billing Units (Repealed)
611.854 General Content of Public Notice (Repealed)
611.855 Mandatory Health Effects Language (Repealed)
611.856 Fluoride Notice (Repealed)
611.858 Fluoride Secondary Standard (Repealed)
611.860 Record Maintenance
611.870 List of 36 Contaminants
SUBPART U: CONSUMER CONFIDENCE REPORTS
Section
611.881 Purpose and Applicability of this Subpart
611.882 Compliance Dates
611.883 Content of the Reports
611.884 Required Additional Health Information
611.885 Report Delivery and Recordkeeping
SUBPART V: PUBLIC NOTIFICATION OF DRINKING WATER
VIOLATIONS
Section
611.901 General Public Notification Requirements
611.902 Tier 1 Public Notice--Form, Manner, and Frequency of Notice
611.903 Tier 2 Public Notice--Form, Manner, and Frequency of Notice
611.904 Tier 3 Public Notice--Form, Manner, and Frequency of Notice
611.905 Content of the Public Notice
611.906 Notice to New Billing Units or New Customers
611.907 Special Notice of the Availability of Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring
Results
611.908 Special Notice for Exceedence of the Fluoride Secondary Standard
611.909 Special Notice for Nitrate Exceedences above the MCL by a Non-Community
Water System
611.910 Notice by the Agency on Behalf of a PWS
8
611.Appendix A Regulated Contaminants
611.Appendix B Percent Inactivation of G. Lamblia Cysts
611.Appendix C Common Names of Organic Chemicals
611.Appendix D Defined Substrate Method for the Simultaneous Detection of Total Coliforms
and Eschericia Coli from Drinking Water
611.Appendix E Mandatory Lead Public Education Information for Community Water
Systems
611.Appendix F Mandatory Lead Public Education Information for Non-Transient Non-
Community Water Systems
611.Appendix G NPDWR Violations and Situations Requiring Public Notice
611.Appendix H Standard Health Effects Language for Public Notification
611.Appendix I Acronyms Used in Public Notification Regulation
611.Table A Total Coliform Monitoring Frequency
611.Table B Fecal or Total Coliform Density Measurements
611.Table C Frequency of RDC Measurement
611.Table D Number of Lead and Copper Monitoring Sites
611.Table E Lead and Copper Monitoring Start Dates
611.Table F Number of Water Quality Parameter Sampling Sites
611.Table G Summary of Section 611.357 Monitoring Requirements for Water Quality
Parameters
611.Table Z Federal Effective Dates
AUTHORITY: Implementing Sections 7.2, 17, and 17.5 and authorized by Section 27 of the
Environmental Protection Act [415 ILCS 5/7.2, 17, 17.5, and 27].
SOURCE: Adopted in R88-26 at 14 Ill. Reg. 16517, effective September 20, 1990; amended in
R90-21 at 14 Ill. Reg. 20448, effective December 11, 1990; amended in R90-13 at 15 Ill. Reg. 1562,
effective January 22, 1991; amended in R91-3 at 16 Ill. Reg. 19010, effective December 1, 1992;
amended in R92-3 at 17 Ill. Reg. 7796, effective May 18, 1993; amended in R93-1 at 17 Ill. Reg.
12650, effective July 23, 1993; amended in R94-4 at 18 Ill. Reg. 12291, effective July 28, 1994;
amended in R94-23 at 19 Ill. Reg. 8613, effective June 20, 1995; amended in R95-17 at 20 Ill. Reg.
14493, effective October 22, 1996; amended in R98-2 at 22 Ill. Reg. 5020, effective March 5,
1998; amended in R99-6 at 23 Ill. Reg. 2756, effective February 17, 1999; amended in R99-12 at 23
Ill. Reg. 10348, effective August 11, 1999; amended in R00-8 at 23 Ill. Reg. 14715, effective
December 8, 1999; amended in R00-10 at 24 Ill. Reg. 14226 effective September 11, 2000;
amended in R01-7 at 25 Ill. Reg. 1329, effective January 11, 2001; amended in R01-20 at 25 Ill.
Reg. 13611, effective October 9, 2001; amended in R02-5 at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective
______________________.
SUBPART A: GENERAL
Section 611.101 Definitions
As used in this Part, the term:
9
“Act” means the Environmental Protection Act [415 ILCS 5].
“Agency” means the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency.
BOARD NOTE: The Department of Public Health (“Public Health”) regulates non-
community water supplies (“non-CWSs,”, including non-transient, non-community
water supplies (“NTNCWSs”) and transient non-community water supplies
(“transient non-CWSs”)). For the purposes of regulation of supplies by Public
Health by reference to this Part, “Agency” shall will mean the Department of Public
Health.
“Ai” means “inactivation ratio.”.
“Approved source of bottled water,”, for the purposes of Section 611.130(e)(4),
means a source of water and the water therefrom, whether it be from a spring,
artesian well, drilled well, municipal water supply, or any other source, that has been
inspected and the water sampled, analyzed, and found to be a safe and sanitary
quality according to applicable laws and regulations of State and local government
agencies having jurisdiction, as evidenced by the presence in the plant of current
certificates or notations of approval from each government agency or agencies
having jurisdiction over the source, the water it bottles, and the distribution of the
water in commerce.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 142.62(g)(2) and 21 CFR 129.3(a) (1998)
(2000). The Board cannot compile an exhaustive listing of all federal, state, and
local laws to which bottled water and bottling water may be subjected. However, the
statutes and regulations of which the Board is aware are the following: the Illinois
Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act [410 ILCS 620], the Bottled Water Act [815 ILCS
310], the DPH Water Well Construction Code (77 Ill. Adm. Code 920), the DPH
Water Well Pump Installation Code (77 Ill. Adm. Code 925), the federal bottled
water quality standards (21 CFR 103.35), the federal drinking water processing and
bottling standards (21 CFR 129), the federal Current Good Manufacturing Practices
for human foods Practice in Manufacturing, Packing, or Holding Human Food (21
CFR 110), the federal Fair Packaging and Labeling Act (15 USC 1451 et seq.), and
the federal Fair Packaging and Labeling regulations (21 CFR 201).
“Best available technology” or “BAT” means the best technology, treatment
techniques or other means that USEPA has found are available for the contaminant
in question. BAT is specified in Subpart F of this Part.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Board” means the Illinois Pollution Control Board.
“CAS No.” means “Chemical Abstracts Services Number.”.
“CT” or “CT
calc” is the product of “residual disinfectant concentration” (RDC or C) in
mg/L determined before or at the first customer, and the corresponding “disinfectant
10
contact time” (T) in minutes. If a supplier applies disinfectants at more than one
point prior to the first customer, it shall must determine the CT of each disinfectant
sequence before or at the first customer to determine the total percent inactivation or
“total inactivation ratio.”. In determining the total inactivation ratio, the supplier
shall must determine the RDC of each disinfection sequence and corresponding
contact time before any subsequent disinfection application point(s) points. (See
“CT
99.9.”.)
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“CT
99.9” is the CT value required for 99.9 percent (3-log) inactivation of Giardia
lamblia cysts. CT
99.9 for a variety of disinfectants and conditions appear in Tables
1.1-1.6, 2.1 and 3.1 of Section 611.Appendix B. (See “Inactivation Ratio.”.)
BOARD NOTE: Derived from the definition of “CT” in 40 CFR 141.2 (1998)
(2000).
“Coagulation” means a process using coagulant chemicals and mixing by which
colloidal and suspended materials are destabilized and agglomerated into flocs.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Community Water System water system” or “CWS” means a public water system
(PWS) that serves at least 15 service connections used by year-round residents or
regularly serves at least 25 year-round residents.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998). This definition differs slightly
from that of Section 3.05 of the Act.
“Compliance cycle” means the nine-year calendar year cycle during which public
water systems (PWSs) must monitor. Each compliance cycle consists of three three-
year compliance periods. The first calendar cycle begins January 1, 1993, and ends
December 31, 2001; the second begins January 1, 2002, and ends December 31,
2010; the third begins January 1, 2011, and ends December 31, 2019.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Compliance period” means a three-year calendar year period within a compliance
cycle. Each compliance cycle has three three-year compliance periods. Within the
first compliance cycle, the first compliance period runs from January 1, 1993, to
December 31, 1995; the second from January 1, 1996, to December 31, 1998; the
third from January 1, 1999, to December 31, 2001.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Comprehensive performance evaluation” or “CPE” is a thorough review and
analysis of a treatment plant’s performance-based capabilities and associated
administrative, operation, and maintenance practices. It is conducted to identify
factors that may be adversely impacting a plant’s capability to achieve
compliance and emphasizes approaches that can be implemented without
significant capital improvements.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
11
“Confluent growth” means a continuous bacterial growth covering the entire
filtration area of a membrane filter or a portion thereof, in which bacterial colonies
are not discrete.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Contaminant” means any physical, chemical, biological or radiological substance or
matter in water.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Conventional filtration treatment” means a series of processes including
coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration resulting in substantial
particulate removal.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Diatomaceous earth filtration” means a process resulting in substantial particulate
removal in which:
A precoat cake of diatomaceous earth filter media is deposited on a support
membrane (septum); and
While the water is filtered by passing through the cake on the septum,
additional filter media known as body feed is continuously added to the feed
water to maintain the permeability of the filter cake.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Direct filtration” means a series of processes including coagulation and filtration but
excluding sedimentation resulting in substantial particulate removal.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Disinfectant” means any oxidant, including but not limited to chlorine, chlorine
dioxide, chloramines, and ozone added to water in any part of the treatment or
distribution process, that is intended to kill or inactivate pathogenic microorganisms.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Disinfectant contact time” or “T” means the time in minutes that it takes for water
to move from the point of disinfectant application or the previous point of RDC
measurement to a point before or at the point where RDC is measured.
Where only one RDC is measured, T is the time in minutes that it takes for
water to move from the point of disinfectant application to a point before or
at the point where RDC is measured.
Where more than one RDC is measured, T is:
For the first measurement of RDC, the time in minutes that it takes
12
for water to move from the first or only point of disinfectant
application to a point before or at the point where the first RDC is
measured, and
For subsequent measurements of RDC, the time in minutes that it
takes for water to move from the previous RDC measurement point
to the RDC measurement point for which the particular T is being
calculated.
T in pipelines must be calculated based on “plug flow” by dividing the
internal volume of the pipe by the maximum hourly flow rate through that
pipe.
T within mixing basins and storage reservoirs must be determined by tracer
studies or an equivalent demonstration.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Disinfection” means a process that inactivates pathogenic organisms in water by
chemical oxidants or equivalent agents.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Disinfection Byproduct byproduct” or “DBP” means a chemical byproduct that
forms when disinfectants used for microbial control react with naturally occurring
compounds already present in source water. DBPs include, but are not limited to,
bromodichloromethane, bromoform, chloroform, dichloroacetic acid, bromate,
chlorite, dibromochloromethane, and certain haloacetic acids.
“Disinfection profile” is a summary of daily Giardia lamblia inactivation through
the treatment plant. The procedure for developing a disinfection profile is
contained in Section 611.742.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Distribution system” includes all points downstream of an “entry point” to the point
of consumer ownership.
“Domestic or other non-distribution system plumbing problem” means a coliform
contamination problem in a PWS with more than one service connection that is
limited to the specific service connection from which the coliform-positive sample
was taken.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Dose equivalent” means the product of the absorbed dose from ionizing radiation
and such factors as account for differences in biological effectiveness due to the type
of radiation and its distribution in the body as specified by the International
Commission on Radiological Units and Measurements (ICRU).
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
13
“Enhanced coagulation” means the addition of sufficient coagulant for improved
removal of disinfection byproduct (DBP) precursors by conventional filtration
treatment.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Enhanced softening” means the improved removal of disinfection byproduct
(DBP) precursors by precipitative softening.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Entry point” means a point just downstream of the final treatment operation, but
upstream of the first user and upstream of any mixing with other water. If raw water
is used without treatment, the “entry point” is the raw water source. If a PWS
receives treated water from another PWS, the “entry point” is a point just
downstream of the other PWS, but upstream of the first user on the receiving PWS,
and upstream of any mixing with other water.
“Filter profile” is a graphical representation of individual filter performance,
based on continuous turbidity measurements or total particle counts versus time
for an entire filter run, from startup to backwash inclusively, that includes an
assessment of filter performance while another filter is being backwashed.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Filtration” means a process for removing particulate matter from water by passage
through porous media.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Flocculation” means a process to enhance agglomeration or collection of smaller
floc particles into larger, more easily settleable particles through gentle stirring by
hydraulic or mechanical means.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“GAC10” means granular activated carbon (GAC) filter beds with an empty-bed
contact time of 10 minutes based on average daily flow and a carbon reactivation
frequency of every 180 days.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“GC” means “gas chromatography” or “gas-liquid phase chromatography.”.
“GC/MS” means gas chromatography (GC) followed by mass spectrometry (MS).
“Gross alpha particle activity” means the total radioactivity due to alpha particle
emission as inferred from measurements on a dry sample.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Gross beta particle activity” means the total radioactivity due to beta particle
14
emission as inferred from measurements on a dry sample.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Groundwater under the direct influence of surface water” means any water beneath
the surface of the ground with significant occurrence of insects or other
macroorganisms, algae, or large-diameter pathogens, such as Giardia lamblia or
(for Subpart B systems serving at least 10,000 persons only) Cryptosporidium, or
significant and relatively rapid shifts in water characteristics, such as turbidity,
temperature, conductivity, or pH, which that closely correlate to climatological or
surface water conditions. “Groundwater under the direct influence of surface
water” is as determined in Section 611.212.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“GWS” means “groundwater system,”, a public water supply (PWS) that uses only
groundwater sources.
BOARD NOTE: Drawn from 40 CFR 141.23(b)(2) & 141.24(f)(2) note (1998)
(2000).
“Haloacetic acids (five)” or “HAA5” means the sum of the concentrations in
milligrams per liter (mg/L) of five haloacetic acid compounds (monochloroacetic
acid, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, monobromoacetic acid, and
dibromoacetic acid), rounded to two significant figures after addition.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Halogen” means one of the chemical elements chlorine, bromine or iodine.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“HPC” means “heterotrophic plate count,”, measured as specified in Section
611.531(c).
“Inactivation Ratio ratio” (Ai) means:
Ai = CT
calc/CT
99.9
The sum of the inactivation ratios, or “total inactivation ratio” (B) is
calculated by adding together the inactivation ratio for each disinfection
sequence:
B =
∑
(Ai)
A total inactivation ratio equal to or greater than 1.0 is assumed to provide a
3-log inactivation of Giardia lamblia cysts.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from the definition of “CT” in 40 CFR 141.2 (1998)
(2000).
“Initial compliance period” means the three-year compliance period that begins
15
January 1, 1993, except for the MCLs for dichloromethane, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene,
1,1,2-trichloroethane, benzo[a]pyrene, benzo(a)pyrene, dalapon, di(2-ethylhexyl)-
adipate, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, dinoseb, diquat, endothall, endrin, glyphosate,
hexachlorobenzene, hexachlorocyclopentadiene, oxamyl, picloram, simazine,
2,3,7,8-TCDD, antimony, beryllium, cyanide, nickel, and thallium as they apply to
suppliers whose supplies have fewer than 150 service connections, for which it
means the three-year compliance period that begins on January 1, 1996.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Inorganic contaminants” or “IOCs” refers to that group of contaminants
designated as such in United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)
regulatory discussions and guidance documents. IOCs include antimony,
asbestos, barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cyanide, mercury, nickel,
nitrate, nitrite, selenium, and thallium.
BOARD NOTE: The IOCs are derived from 40 CFR 141.23(a)(4) (1998) (2000).
“L” means “liter.”.
“Legionella” means a genus of bacteria, some species of which have caused a type of
pneumonia called Legionnaires Disease.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Man-made beta particle and photon emitters” means all radionuclides emitting beta
particles or photons listed in “Maximum Permissible Body Burdens and Maximum
Permissible Concentrations of Radionuclides in Air and in Water for Occupational
Exposure,” NCRP Report Number 22, incorporated by reference in Section 611.102,
except the daughter products of thorium-232, uranium-235 and uranium-238.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Maximum contaminant level” (or “MCL”) means the maximum permissible level
of a contaminant in water that is delivered to any user of a public water system. (See
Section 611.121.)
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Maximum contaminant level goal” (or “MCLG”) means the maximum level of a
contaminant in drinking water at which no known or anticipated adverse effect on
the health of persons would occur, and which allows an adequate margin of
safety. MCLGs are nonenforceable health goals.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998). The Board has not
routinely adopted the regulations relating to the federal MCLGs because they are
outside the scope of the Board’s identical-in-substance mandate under Section
17.5 of the Act.
“Maximum residual disinfectant level” or “MRDL” means the maximum
permissible level of a disinfectant added for water treatment that may not be
exceeded at the consumer’s tap without an unacceptable possibility of adverse
16
health effects. MRDLs are enforceable in the same manner as are MCLs. (See
Section 611.313 and Section 611.383.)
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Maximum residual disinfectant level goal” or “MRDLG” means the maximum
level of a disinfectant added for water treatment at which no known or anticipated
adverse effect on the health of persons would occur, and which allows an
adequate margin of safety. MRDLGs are nonenforceable health goals and do not
reflect the benefit of the addition of the chemical for control of waterborne
microbial contaminants.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Maximum total trihalomethane potential” or “MTP” means the maximum
concentration of total trihalomethanes (TTHMs) produced in a given water
containing a disinfectant residual after 7 days at a temperature of 25
°
C or above.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“MFL” means millions of fibers per liter larger than 10 micrometers.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.23(a)(4)(i) (1998) (2000).
“mg” means milligrams (1/1000 of a gram).
“mg/L” means milligrams per liter.
“Mixed system” means a PWS that uses both groundwater and surface water
sources.
BOARD NOTE: Drawn from 40 CFR 141.23(b)(2) and 141.24(f)(2) note (1998)
(2000).
“MUG” means 4-methyl-umbelliferyl-beta-d-glucuronide.
“Near the first service connection” means at one of the 20 percent of all service
connections in the entire system that are nearest the public water system (PWS)
treatment facility, as measured by water transport time within the distribution system.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“nm” means nanometer (1/1,000,000,000 of a meter).
“Non-community water system” or “NCWS” or “non-CWS” means a public water
system (PWS) that is not a community water system (CWS). A non-community
water system is either a “transient non-community water system (TWS)” or a
“non-transient non-community water system (NTNCWS).”
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Non-transient non-community water system” or “NTNCWS” means a public water
system (PWS) that is not a community water system (CWS) and that regularly serves
17
at least 25 of the same persons over 6 months per year.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“NPDWR” means “national primary drinking water regulation.”.
“NTU” means “nephelometric turbidity units.”.
“Old MCL” means one of the inorganic maximum contaminant levels (MCLs),
codified at Section 611.300, or organic MCLs, codified at Section 611.310, including
any marked as “additional state State requirements.”
BOARD NOTE: Old MCLs are those derived prior to the implementation of the
USEPA “Phase II” regulations. The Section 611.640 definition of this term, which
applies only to Subpart O of this Part, differs from this definition in that the
definition does not include the Section 611.300 inorganic MCLs.
“P-A Coliform Test” means “Presence-Absence Coliform Test.”.
“Paired sample” means two samples of water for Total Organic Carbon (TOC).
One sample is of raw water taken prior to any treatment. The other sample is taken
after the point of combined filter effluent and is representative of the treated water.
These samples are taken at the same time. (See Section 611.382.)
“Performance evaluation sample” or “PE sample” means a reference sample
provided to a laboratory for the purpose of demonstrating that the laboratory can
successfully analyze the sample within limits of performance specified by the
Agency; or, for bacteriological laboratories, Public Health; or, for radiological
laboratories, the Illinois Department of Nuclear Safety. The true value of the
concentration of the reference material is unknown to the laboratory at the time of
the analysis.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Person” means an individual, corporation, company, association, partnership, State
state, unit of local government, or federal agency.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Phase I” refers to that group of chemical contaminants and the accompanying
regulations promulgated by USEPA on July 8, 1987, at 52 Fed. Reg. 25712.
“Phase II” refers to that group of chemical contaminants and the accompanying
regulations promulgated by USEPA on January 30, 1991, at 56 Fed. Reg. 3578.
“Phase IIB” refers to that group of chemical contaminants and the accompanying
regulations promulgated by USEPA on July 1, 1991, at 56 Fed. Reg. 30266.
“Phase V” refers to that group of chemical contaminants promulgated by USEPA on
July 17, 1992, at 57 Fed. Reg. 31776.
18
“Picocurie” or “pCi” means the quantity of radioactive material producing 2.22
nuclear transformations per minute.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Point of disinfectant application” is the point at which the disinfectant is applied and
downstream of which water is not subject to recontamination by surface water
runoff.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Point-of-entry treatment device” or “POE” is a treatment device applied to the
drinking water entering a house or building for the purpose of reducing contaminants
in the drinking water distributed throughout the house or building.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Point-of-use treatment device” or “POU” is a treatment device applied to a single
tap used for the purpose of reducing contaminants in drinking water at that one tap.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Public Health” means the Illinois Department of Public Health.
BOARD NOTE: The Department of Public Health (“Public Health”) regulates non-
community water supplies (“non-CWSs,”, including non-transient, non-community
water supplies (“NTNCWSs”) and transient non-community water supplies
(“transient non-CWSs”)). For the purposes of regulation of supplies by Public
Health by reference to this Part, “Agency” shall must mean Public Health.
“Public water system” or “PWS” means a system for the provision to the public of
water for human consumption through pipes or other constructed conveyances, if
such system has at least fifteen 15 service connections or regularly serves an average
of at least 25 individuals daily at least 60 days out of the year. A PWS is either a
community water system (CWS) or a non-community water system (non-CWS).
Such term includes:
Any collection, treatment, storage, and distribution facilities under control of
the operator of such system and used primarily in connection with such
system; and
Any collection or pretreatment storage facilities not under such control that
are used primarily in connection with such system.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998). Where used in Subpart F,
“public water supply” means the same as “public water system.”
“Radioactive contaminants” refers to that group of contaminants designated
“radioactive contaminants” in USEPA regulatory discussions and guidance
documents. “Radioactive contaminants” include tritium, strontium-89, strontium-
90, iodine-131, cesium-134, gross beta emitters, and other nuclides.
19
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.25(c) Table B (1998) (2000). These
radioactive contaminants must be reported in Consumer Confidence Reports
under Subpart U when they are detected above the levels indicated in Section
611.720(c)(3).
“Reliably and consistently” below a specified level for a contaminant means an
Agency determination based on analytical results following the initial detection of a
contaminant to determine the qualitative condition of water from an individual
sampling point or source. The Agency shall must base this determination on the
consistency of analytical results, the degree below the MCL, the susceptibility of
source water to variation, and other vulnerability factors pertinent to the contaminant
detected that may influence the quality of water.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.23(b)(9), 141.24(f)(11)(ii), and
141.24(f)(11)(iii) (1998) (2000).
“Rem” means the unit of dose equivalent from ionizing radiation to the total body or
any internal organ or organ system. A “millirem (mrem)” is 1/1000 of a rem.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Repeat compliance period” means a compliance period that begins after the initial
compliance period.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Representative” means that a sample must reflect the quality of water that is
delivered to consumers under conditions when all sources required to supply water
under normal conditions are in use and all treatment is properly operating.
“Residual disinfectant concentration” (“RDC” or “C” in CT calculations) means the
concentration of disinfectant measured in mg/L in a representative sample of water.
For purposes of the requirement of Section 611.241(d) of maintaining a detectable
RDC in the distribution system, “RDC” means a residual of free or combined
chlorine.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Safe Drinking Water Act” or “SDWA” means the Public Health Service Act, as
amended by the Safe Drinking Water Act, Pub. L. 93-523, 42 USC 300f et seq.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Sanitary survey” means an onsite review of the water source, facilities, equipment,
operation and maintenance of a public water system (PWS) for the purpose of
evaluating the adequacy of such source, facilities, equipment, operation and
maintenance for producing and distributing safe drinking water.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Sedimentation” means a process for removal of solids before filtration by gravity or
separation.
20
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“SEP” means special exception permit (Section 611.110).
“Service connection,” as used in the definition of public water system, does not
include a connection to a system that delivers water by a constructed conveyance
other than a pipe if any of the following is true:
The water is used exclusively for purposes other than residential use
(consisting of drinking, bathing, and cooking, or other similar uses);
The Agency determines by issuing a an SEP that alternative water for
residential use or similar uses for drinking and cooking is provided to
achieve the equivalent level of public health protection provided by the
applicable national primary drinking water regulations; or
The Agency determines by issuing a an SEP that the water provided for
residential use or similar uses for drinking, cooking, and bathing is
centrally treated or treated at the point of entry by the provider, a
pass-through entity, or the user to achieve the equivalent level of
protection provided by the applicable national primary drinking water
regulations.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998). See sections
1401(4)(B)(i)(II) and (4)(B)(i)(III) of SDWA (42 USC 300f(4)(B)(i)(II) &
(4)(B)(i)(III) (1996)).
“Slow sand filtration” means a process involving passage of raw water through a bed
of sand at low velocity (generally less than 0.4 meters per hour (m/h)) resulting in
substantial particulate removal by physical and biological mechanisms.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“SOC” or “Synthetic organic chemical contaminant” refers to that group of
contaminants designated as “SOCs,”, or “synthetic organic chemicals” or “synthetic
organic contaminants,”, in USEPA regulatory discussions and guidance documents.
“SOCs” include alachlor, aldicarb, aldicarb sulfone, aldicarb sulfoxide, atrazine,
benzo[a]pyrene, carbofuran, chlordane, dalapon, dibromoethylene (ethylene
dibromide or EDB), dibromochloropropane (DBCP), di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate, di(2-
ethylhexyl)phthalate, dinoseb, diquat, endothall, endrin, glyphosate, heptachlor,
heptachlor epoxide, hexachlorobenzene, hexachlorocyclopentadiene, lindane,
methoxychlor, oxamyl, pentachlorophenol, picloram, simazine, toxaphene, poly-
chlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 2,4-D, 2,3,7,8-TCDD, and 2,4,5-TP.
“Source” means a well, reservoir, or other source of raw water.
“Special irrigation district” means an irrigation district in existence prior to May
18, 1994 that provides primarily agricultural service through a piped water system
21
with only incidental residential use or similar use, where the system or the
residential users or similar users of the system comply with either of the following
exclusion conditions:
The Agency determines by issuing a an SEP that alternative water is
provided for residential use or similar uses for drinking or cooking to
achieve the equivalent level of public health protection provided by the
applicable national primary drinking water regulations; or
The Agency determines by issuing a an SEP that the water provided for
residential use or similar uses for drinking, cooking, and bathing is
centrally treated or treated at the point of entry by the provider, a pass-
through entity, or the user to achieve the equivalent level of protection
provided by the applicable national primary drinking water regulations.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998) (2000) and sections
1401(4)(B)(i)(II) and (4)(B)(i)(III) of SDWA (42 USC 300f(4)(B)(i)(II) &
(4)(B)(i)(III) (1996)).
“Standard sample” means the aliquot of finished drinking water that is examined for
the presence of coliform bacteria.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Subpart B system” means a public water system that uses surface water or
groundwater under the direct influence of surface water as a source and which is
subject to the requirements of Subpart B and the analytical and monitoring
requirements of Sections 611.531, 611.532, 611.533, 611.Appendix B, and
611.Appendix C of this Part.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Supplier of water” or “supplier” means any person who owns or operates a public
water system (PWS). This term includes the “official custodian.”.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Surface water” means all water that is open to the atmosphere and subject to surface
runoff.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“SUVA” means specific ultraviolet absorption at 254 nanometers (nm), which is an
indicator of the humic content of water. It is a calculated parameter obtained by
dividing a sample’s ultraviolet absorption at a wavelength of 254 nm (UV
254) (in m
-1
) by its concentration of dissolved organic carbon (in mg/L).
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“SWS” means “surface water system,”, a public water supply (PWS) that uses only
surface water sources, including “groundwater under the direct influence of surface
water.”.
22
BOARD NOTE: Drawn from 40 CFR 141.23(b)(2) and 141.24(f)(2) note (1998)
(2000).
“System with a single service connection” means a system that supplies drinking
water to consumers via a single service line.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Too numerous to count” means that the total number of bacterial colonies exceeds
200 on a 47-mm diameter membrane filter used for coliform detection.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Total Organic Carbon organic carbon” ( or “TOC”) means total organic carbon (in
mg/L) measured using heat, oxygen, ultraviolet irradiation, chemical oxidants, or
combinations of these oxidants that convert organic carbon to carbon dioxide,
rounded to two significant figures.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Total trihalomethanes” or “TTHM” means the sum of the concentration of
trihalomethanes (THMs), in milligrams per liter (mg/L), rounded to two significant
figures.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from See the definition of “total trihalomethanes” in 40
CFR 141.2 (1998). (See the definition of THMs for a listing of the four compounds
that USEPA considers TTHMs to comprise.)
“Transient, non-community water system” or “transient non-CWS” means a non-
CWS that does not regularly serve at least 25 of the same persons over six months of
the year.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998). The federal regulations apply
to all “public water systems,”, which are defined as all systems having at least 15
service connections or regularly serving water to at least 25 persons. (See 42 USC
300f(4).) The Act mandates that the Board and the Agency regulate “public water
supplies,”, which it defines as having at least 15 service connections or regularly
serving 25 persons daily at least 60 days per year. (See Section 3.28 of the Act [415
ILCS 5/3.28].) The Department of Public Health regulates transient, non-community
water systems.
“Treatment” means any process that changes the physical, chemical, microbiological,
or radiological properties of water, is under the control of the supplier, and is not a
“point of use” treatment device or a “point of entry treatment device” as defined in
this Section. “Treatment” includes, but is not limited to, aeration, coagulation,
sedimentation, filtration, activated carbon treatment, disinfection, and fluoridation.
“Trihalomethane” or “THM” means one of the family of organic compounds, named
as derivatives of methane, in which three of the four hydrogen atoms in methane are
each substituted by a halogen atom in the molecular structure. The THMs are the
following compounds:
23
Trichloromethane (chloroform),
Dibromochloromethane,
Bromodichloromethane, and
Tribromomethane (bromoform)
BOARD NOTE: Derived from the definitions of “total trihalomethanes” and
“trihalomethanes” in 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“μg” means micrograms (1/1,000,000 of a gram).
“USEPA” or “U.S. EPA” means the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
“Uncovered finished water storage facility” is a tank, reservoir, or other facility
that is open to the atmosphere and which is used to store water that will undergo
no further treatment except residual disinfection.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Virus” means a virus of fecal origin that is infectious to humans by waterborne
transmission.
“VOC” or “volatile organic chemical contaminant” refers to that group of
contaminants designated as “VOCs,”, “volatile organic chemicals,”, or “volatile
organic contaminants,”, in USEPA regulatory discussions and guidance documents.
“VOCs” include benzene, dichloromethane, tetrachloromethane (carbon tetra-
chloride), trichloroethylene, vinyl chloride, 1,1,1-trichloroethane (methyl
chloroform), 1,1-dichloroethylene, 1,2-dichloroethane, cis-1,2-dichloroethylene,
ethylbenzene, monochlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, styrene, 1,2,4-trichloro-
benzene, 1,1,2-trichloroethane, tetrachloroethylene, toluene, trans-1,2-dichloro-
ethylene, xylene, and 1,2-dichloropropane.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Waterborne disease outbreak” means the significant occurrence of acute infectious
illness, epidemiologically associated with the ingestion of water from a public water
system (PWS) that is deficient in treatment, as determined by the appropriate local or
State agency.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1998).
“Wellhead Protection Program protection program” means the wellhead protection
program for the State of Illinois, approved by USEPA under Section 1428 of the
SDWA.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.71(b) (1998) (2000). The wellhead
protection program includes the “groundwater protection needs assessment” under
Section 17.1 of the Act, and 35 Ill. Adm. Code 615 et seq.
24
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 6976 (January
22, 2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.102 Incorporations by Reference
a) Abbreviations and short-name listing of references. The following names and
abbreviated names, presented in alphabetical order, are used in this Part to refer to
materials incorporated by reference:
“Amco-AEPA-1 Polymer” is available from Advanced Polymer Systems.
“ASTM Method” means a method published by and available from the
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM).
“Colisure Test” means “Colisure Presence/Absence Test for Detection and
Identification of Coliform Bacteria and Escherichia Coli in Drinking
Water,”, available from Millipore Corporation, Technical Services
Department.
“Dioxin and Furan Method 1613” means “Tetra- through Octa-
Chlorinated Dioxins and Furans by Isotope-Dilution HRGC/HRMS,”,
available from NTIS.
“GLI Method 2” means GLI Method 2, “Turbidity,”, Nov. 2, 1992,
available from Great Lakes Instruments, Inc.
“Guidance Manual for Compliance with the Filtration and Disinfection
Requirements for Public Water Systems Using Surface Water Sources”,
available from USEPA Science and Technology Branch.
“HASL Procedure Manual” means HASL Procedure Manual, HASL 300,
available from ERDA Health and Safety Laboratory.
“Maximum Permissible Body Burdens and Maximum Permissible
Concentrations of Radionuclides in Air and in Water for Occupational
Exposure”, NCRP Report Number 22, available from NCRP.
“NCRP” means “National Council on Radiation Protection.”.
“NTIS” means “National Technical Information Service.”.
“New Jersey Radium Method” means “Determination of Radium 228 in
Drinking Water,”, available from the New Jersey Department of
25
Environmental Protection.
“New York Radium Method” means “Determination of Ra-226 and Ra-
228 (Ra-02),”, available from the New York Department of Public Health.
“ONGP-MUG Test” (meaning “minimal medium ortho-nitrophenyl-beta-
d-galactopyranoside-4-methyl-umbelliferyl-beta-d-glucuronide test”), also
called the “Autoanalysis Colilert System,”, is Method 9223, available in
“Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater,”, 18th
ed., from American Public Health Association.
“Palintest Method 1001” means “Method Number 1001,” available from
Palintest, Ltd. or the Hach Company.
“Procedures for Radiochemical Analysis of Nuclear Reactor Aqueous
Solutions”, available from NTIS.
“Radiochemical Methods” means “Interim Radiochemical Methodology
for Drinking Water,”, available from NTIS.
“Standard Methods,”, means “Standard Methods for the Examination of
Water and Wastewater,”, available from the American Public Health
Association or the American Waterworks Association.
“Technical Bulletin 601” means “Technical Bulletin 601, Standard
Method of Testing for Nitrate in Drinking Water,”, July 1994, available
from Analytical Technology, Inc.
“Technicon Methods” means “Fluoride in Water and Wastewater,”,
available from Technicon Bran & Luebbe.
“USDOE Manual” means “EML Procedures Manual,”, available from the
United State Department of Energy.
“USEPA Asbestos Methods-100.1” means Method 100.1, “Analytical
Method for Determination of Asbestos Fibers in Water,”, September 1983,
available from NTIS.
“USEPA Asbestos Methods-100.2” means Method 100.2, “Determination
of Asbestos Structures over 10-mm in Length in Drinking Water,”, June
1994, available from NTIS.
“USEPA Environmental Inorganics Methods” means “Methods for the
Determination of Inorganic Substances in Environmental Samples,”,
August 1993, available from NTIS; “Methods for the Determination of
Inorganic Substances in Environmental Samples”, August 1993, for Method
26
300.0; “Determination of Inorganic Anions in Drinking Water by Ion
Chromatography, Revision 1.0”, 1997, for Method 300.1.
“USEPA Environmental Metals Methods” means “Methods for the
Determination of Metals in Environmental Samples,”, available from
NTIS.
“USEPA Organic Methods” means “Methods for the Determination of
Organic Compounds in Drinking Water”, July 1991, for Methods 502.2,
505, 507, 508, 508A, 515.1, and 531.1; “Methods for the Determination of
Organic Compounds in Drinking Water--Supplement I”, July 1990, for
Methods 506, 547, 550, 550.1, and 551; and “Methods for the
Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water--Supplement
II”, August 1992, for Methods 515.2, 524.2, 548.1, 549.1, 552.1, and 555,
available from NTIS. Methods 504.1, 508.1, and 525.2 are available from
EPA EMSL; “Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds” in
Drinking Water-Supplement II, August 1992, for Method 552.1; “Methods
for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking
Water-Supplement III”, August 1995, for Methods 502.2, 524.2, 551.1, and
552.2.
“USEPA Inorganic Methods” means “Methods for Chemical Analysis of
Water and Wastes,” March 1983, available from NTIS.
“USEPA Interim Radiochemical Methods” means “Interim Radiochemical
Methodology for Drinking Water,”, EPA 600/4-75-008 (revised), March
1976. Available from NTIS.
“USEPA Organic Methods” means “Methods for the Determination of
Organic Compounds in Drinking Water,” July 1991, for Methods 502.2,
505, 507, 508, 508A, 515.1, and 531.1; “Methods for the Determination of
Organic Compounds in Drinking Water--Supplement I,” July 1990, for
Methods 506, 547, 550, 550.1, and 551; and “Methods for the
Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water--Supplement
II,” August 1992, for Methods 515.2, 524.2, 548.1, 549.1, 552.1, and 555,
available from NTIS. Methods 504.1, 508.1, and 525.2 are available from
EPA EMSL; “Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds” in
Drinking Water--Supplement II, August 1992, for Method 552.1; “Methods
for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water--
Supplement III,” August 1995, for Methods 502.2, 524.2, 551.1, and 552.2.
“USEPA Radioactivity Methods” means “Prescribed Procedures for
Measurement of Radioactivity in Drinking Water,”, EPA 600/4-80-032,
August 1980. Available from NTIS.
“USEPA Radiochemical Analyses” means “Radiochemical Analytical
27
Procedures for Analysis of Environmental Samples,”, March 1979.
Available from NTIS.
“USEPA Radiochemistry Methods” means “Radiochemistry Procedures
Manual,”, EPA 520/5-84-006, December 1987. Available from NTIS.
“USEPA Technical Notes” means “Technical Notes on Drinking Water
Methods,”, available from NTIS.
“USGS Methods” means “Methods of Analysis by the U.S. Geological
Survey National Water Quality Laboratory--Determination of Inorganic
and Organic Constituents in Water and Fluvial Sediments,”, available
from NTIS and USGS.
“Waters Method B-1011” means “Waters Test Method for the
Determination of Nitrite/Nitrate in Water Using Single Column Ion
Chromatography,”, available from Millipore Waters Corporation, Waters
Chromatography Technical Services Division.
b) The Board incorporates the following publications by reference:
Access Analytical Systems, Inc. (See Environetics, Inc.)
Advanced Polymer Systems, 3696 Haven Avenue, Redwood City, CA
94063 415-366-2626:
Amco-AEPA-1 Polymer. See 40 CFR 141.22(a) (1998) (2000).
Also, as referenced in ASTM D1889.
American Public Health Association, 1015 Fifteenth Street NW,
Washington, DC 20005 800-645-5476:
“Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and
Wastewater,”, 17th Edition, 1989 (referred to as “Standard
Methods, 17th ed.”).
“Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and
Wastewater,”, 18th Edition, 1992, including “Supplement to the
18th Edition of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water
and Wastewater,”, 1994 (collectively referred to as “Standard
Methods, 18th ed.”). See the methods listed separately for the
same references under American Water Works Waterworks
Association.
“Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and
Wastewater,”, 19th Edition, 1995 (referred to as “Standard
28
Methods, 19th ed.”).
American Waterworks Association et al., 6666 West Quincy Ave.,
Denver, CO 80235 303-794-7711:
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater,
13th Edition, 1971 (referred to as “Standard Methods, 13th ed.”).
Method 302, Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Radioactivity in
Water (Total, Suspended and Dissolved).
Method 303, Total Radioactive Strontium and Strontium 90
in Water.
Method 304, Radium in Water by Precipitation.
Method 305, Radium 226 by Radon in Water (Soluble,
Suspended and Total).
Method 306, Tritium in Water.
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater,
18th Edition, 1992 (referred to as “Standard Methods, 18th ed.”):
Method 2130 B, Turbidity, Nephelometric Method.
Method 2320 B, Alkalinity, Titration Method.
Method 2510 B, Conductivity, Laboratory Method.
Method 2550, Temperature, Laboratory and Field Methods.
Method 3111 B, Metals by Flame Atomic Absorption
Spectrometry, Direct Air-Acetylene Flame Method.
Method 3111 D, Metals by Flame Atomic Absorption
Spectrometry, Direct Nitrous Oxide-Acetylene Flame
Method.
Method 3112 B, Metals by Cold-Vapor Atomic Absorption
Spectrometry, Cold-Vapor Atomic Absorption
Spectrometric Method.
Method 3113 B, Metals by Electrothermal Atomic
Absorption Spectrometry, Electrothermal Atomic
Absorption Spectrometric Method.
29
Method 3114 B, Metals by Hydride Generation/Atomic
Absorption Spectrometry, Manual Hydride
Generation/Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Method.
Method 3120 B, Metals by Plasma Emission Spectroscopy,
Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) Method.
Method 3500-Ca D, Calcium, EDTA Titrimetric Method.
Method 3500-Mg E, Magnesium, EDTA Titrimetric
Method.
Method 4110 B, Determination of Anions by Ion
Chromatography, Ion Chromatography with Chemical
Suppression of Eluent Conductivity.
Method 4500-CN
-
C, Cyanide, Total Cyanide after
Distillation.
Method 4500-CN
-
E, Cyanide, Colorimetric Method.
Method 4500-CN
-
F, Cyanide, Cyanide-Selective Electrode
Method.
Method 4500-CN
-
G, Cyanide, Cyanides Amenable to
Chlorination after Distillation.
Method 4500-ClO
2 C, Chlorine Dioxide, Amperometric
Method I.
Method 4500-F
-
B, Fluoride, Preliminary Distillation Step.
Method 4500-F
-
C, Fluoride, Ion-Selective Electrode
Method.
Method 4500-F
-
D, Fluoride, SPADNS Method.
Method 4500-F
-
E, Fluoride, Complexone Method.
Method 4500-H
+
B, pH Value, Electrometric Method.
Method 4500-NO
2
-
B, Nitrogen (Nitrite), Colorimetric
Method.
Method 4500-NO
3
-
D, Nitrogen (Nitrate), Nitrate Electrode
30
Method.
Method 4500-NO
3
-
E, Nitrogen (Nitrate), Cadmium
Reduction Method.
Method 4500-NO
3
-
F, Nitrogen (Nitrate), Automated
Cadmium Reduction Method.
Method 4500-O
3 B, Ozone (Residual) (Proposed), Indigo
Colorimetric Method.
Method 4500-P E, Phosphorus, Ascorbic Acid Method.
Method 4500-P F, Phosphorus, Automated Ascorbic Acid
Reduction Method.
Method 4500-Si D, Silica, Molybdosilicate Method.
Method 4500-Si E, Silica, Heteropoly Blue Method.
Method 4500-Si F, Silica, Automated Method for
Molybdate-Reactive Silica.
Method 4500-SO
4
2-
C, Sulfate, Gravimetric Method with
Ignition of Residue.
Method 4500-SO
4
2-
D, Sulfate, Gravimetric Method with
Drying of Residue.
Method 4500-SO
4
2-
F, Sulfate, Automated Methylthymol
Blue Method.
Method 6610, Carbamate Pesticide Method.
Method 6651, Glyphosate Herbicide (Proposed).
Method 7110 B, Gross Alpha and Beta Radioactivity
(Total, Suspended, and Dissolved), Evaporation Method for
Gross Alpha-Beta.
Method 7110 C, Gross Alpha and Beta Radioactivity
(Total, Suspended, and Dissolved), Coprecipitation Method
for Gross Alpha Radioactivity in Drinking Water
(Proposed).
Method 7500-Cs B, Radioactive Cesium, Precipitation
31
Method.
Method 7500-3H,
3
H B, Tritium, Liquid Scintillation
Spectrometric Method.
Method 7500-I B, Radioactive Iodine, Precipitation
Method.
Method 7500-I C, Radioactive Iodine, Ion-Exchange
Method.
Method 7500-I D, Radioactive Iodine, Distillation Method.
Method 7500-Ra B, Radium, Precipitation Method.
Method 7500-Ra C, Radium, Emanation Method.
Method 7500-Ra D, Radium, Sequential Precipitation
Method (Proposed).
Method 7500-U B, Uranium, Radiochemical Method
(Proposed).
Method 7500-U C, Uranium, Isotopic Method (Proposed).
Method 9215 B, Heterotrophic Plate Count, Pour Plate
Method.
Method 9221 A, Multiple-Tube Fermentation Technique
for Members of the Coliform Group, Introduction.
Method 9221 B, Multiple-Tube Fermentation Technique
for Members of the Coliform Group, Standard Total
Coliform Fermentation Technique.
Method 9221 C, Multiple-Tube Fermentation Technique
for Members of the Coliform Group, Estimation of
Bacterial Density.
Method 9221 D, Multiple-Tube Fermentation Technique
for Members of the Coliform Group, Presence-Absence (P-
A) Coliform Test.
Method 9222 A, Membrane Filter Technique for Members
of the Coliform Group, Introduction.
32
Method 9222 B, Membrane Filter Technique for Members
of the Coliform Group, Standard Total Coliform Membrane
Filter Procedure.
Method 9222 C, Membrane Filter Technique for Members
of the Coliform Group, Delayed-Incubation Total Coliform
Procedure.
Method 9223, Chromogenic Substrate Coliform Test
(Proposed).
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater,
19th Edition, 1995 (referred to as “Standard Methods, 19th ed.”):
Method 2320 B, Alkalinity, Titration Method.
Method 2510 B, Conductivity, Laboratory Method.
Method 2550, Temperature, Laboratory and Field Methods.
Method 3111 B, Metals by Flame Atomic Absorption
Spectrometry, Direct Air-Acetylene Flame Method.
Method 3111 D, Metals by Flame Atomic Absorption
Spectrometry, Direct Nitrous Oxide-Acetylene Flame
Method.
Method 3113 B, Metals by Electrothermal Atomic
Absorption Spectrometry, Electrothermal Atomic
Absorption Spectrometric Method.
Method 3114 B, Metals by Hydride Generation/Atomic
Absorption Spectrometry, Manual Hydride
Generation/Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Method.
Method 3120 B, Metals by Plasma Emission Spectroscopy,
Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) Method.
Method 3500-Ca D, Calcium, EDTA Titrimetric Method.
Method 3500-Mg E, Magnesium, EDTA Titrimetric
Method.
Method 4110 B, Determination of Anions by Ion
Chromatography, Ion Chromatography with Chemical
Suppression of Eluent Conductivity.
33
Method 4500-CN
-
C, Cyanide, Total Cyanide after
Distillation.
Method 4500-CN
-
E, Cyanide, Colorimetric Method.
Method 4500-CN
-
F, Cyanide, Cyanide-Selective Electrode
Method.
Method 4500-CN
-
G, Cyanide, Cyanides Amenable to
Chlorination after Distillation.
Method 4500-F
-
B, Fluoride, Preliminary Distillation Step.
Method 4500-F
-
C, Fluoride, Ion-Selective Electrode
Method.
Method 4500-F
-
D, Fluoride, SPADNS Method.
Method 4500-F
-
E, Fluoride, Complexone Method.
Method 4500-H
+
B, pH Value, Electrometric Method.
Method 4500-NO
2
-
B, Nitrogen (Nitrite), Colorimetric
Method.
Method 4500-NO
3
-
D, Nitrogen (Nitrate), Nitrate Electrode
Method.
Method 4500-NO
3
-
E, Nitrogen (Nitrate), Cadmium
Reduction Method.
Method 4500-NO
3
-
F, Nitrogen (Nitrate), Automated
Cadmium Reduction Method.
Method 4500-P E, Phosphorus, Ascorbic Acid Method.
Method 4500-P F, Phosphorus, Automated Ascorbic Acid
Reduction Method.
Method 4500-Si D, Silica, Molybdosilicate Method.
Method 4500-Si E, Silica, Heteropoly Blue Method.
Method 4500-Si F, Silica, Automated Method for
Molybdate-Reactive Silica.
34
Method 7120-B, Gamma Spectrometric Method.
Method 7500-U C, Uranium, Isotopic Method.
Method 4500-Cl D, Chlorine (Residual), Amperometric
Titration Method.
Method 4500-Cl E, Chlorine (Residual), Low-Level
Amperometric Titration Method.
Method 4500-Cl F, Chlorine (Residual), DPD Ferrous
Titrimetric Method.
Method 4500-Cl G, Chlorine (Residual), DPD Colorimetric
Method.
Method 4500-Cl H, Chlorine (Residual), Syringaldazine
(FACTS) Method.
Method 4500-Cl I, Chlorine (Residual), Iodometric
Electrode Technique.
Method 4500-ClO
2 D, Chlorine Dioxide, DPD Method.
Method 4500-ClO
2 E, Chlorine Dioxide, Amperometric
Method II.
Method 6251 B, Disinfection Byproducts: Haloacetic Acids
and Trichlorophenol, Micro Liquid-Liquid Extraction Gas
Chromatographic Method.
Method 5910 B, UV Absorbing Organic Constituents,
Ultraviolet Absorption Method.
Method 6251 B, Disinfection Byproducts: Haloacetic Acids
and Trichlorophenol, Micro Liquid-Liquid Extraction Gas
Chromatographic Method.
Method 7120-B, Gamma Spectrometric Method.
Method 7500-U C, Uranium, Isotopic Method.
Supplement to the 19th Edition of Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and Wastewater, American Public Health
Association, 1996:
35
Method 5310 B, TOC, Combustion-Infrared Method.
Method 5310 C, TOC, Persulfate-Ultraviolet Oxidation
Method.
Method 5310 D, TOC, Wet-Oxidation Method.
Analytical Technology, Inc. ATI Orion, 529 Main Street, Boston, MA
02129:
Technical Bulletin 601, “Standard Method of Testing for Nitrate in
Drinking Water,”, July, 1994, PN 221890-001 (referred to as
“Technical Bulletin 601”).
ASTM. American Society for Testing and Materials, 1976 Race Street,
Philadelphia, PA 19103 215-299-5585 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West
Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 610-832-9585:
ASTM Method D511-93 A and B, “Standard Test Methods for
Calcium and Magnesium in Water,”, “Test Method A--
complexometric Complexometric Titration” & “Test Method B--
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric,”, approved 1993.
ASTM Method D515-88 A, “Standard Test Methods for
Phosphorus in Water,”, “Test Method A--Colorimetric Ascorbic
Acid Reduction,”, approved August 19, 1988.
ASTM Method D859-88, “Standard Test Method for Silica in
Water,”, approved August 19, 1988.
ASTM Method D1067-92 B, “Standard Test Methods for Acidity
or Alkalinity in Water,”, “Test Method B--Electrometric or Color-
Change Titration,”, approved May 15, 1992.
ASTM Method D1125-91 A, “Standard Test Methods for
Electrical Conductivity and Resistivity of Water,”, “Test Method
A--Field and Routine Laboratory Measurement of Static (Non-
Flowing) Samples,”, approved June 15, 1991.
ASTM Method D1179-93 B, “Standard Test Methods for Fluoride
in Water,”, “Test Method B--Ion Selective Electrode,”, approved
1993.
ASTM Method D1293-84, “Standard Test Methods for pH of
Water,”, “Test Method A--Precise Laboratory Measurement” &
36
“Test Method B--Routine or Continuous Measurement,”, approved
October 26, 1984.
ASTM Method D1688-90 A or C, “Standard Test Methods for
Copper in Water,”, “Test Method A--Atomic Absorption, Direct”
& “Test Method C--Atomic Absorption, Graphite Furnace,”,
approved March 15, 1990.
ASTM Method D2036-91 A or B, “Standard Test Methods for
Cyanide in Water,”, “Test Method A--Total Cyanides after
Distillation” & “Test Method B--Cyanides Amenable to
Chlorination by Difference,”, approved September 15, 1991.
ASTM Method D2459-72, “Standard Test Method for Gamma
Spectrometry in Water,” approved July 28, 1972, discontinued
1988.
ASTM Method D2460-90, “Standard Test Method for
Radionuclides of Radium in Water,”, approved 1990.
ASTM Method D2907-91, “Standard Test Methods for
Microquantities of Uranium in Water by Fluorometry,”, “Test
Method A--Direct Fluorometric” & “Test Method B—Extraction,”,
approved June 15, 1991.
ASTM Method D2972-93 B or C, “Standard Test Methods for
Arsenic in Water,”, “Test Method B--Atomic Absorption, Hydride
Generation” & “Test Method C--Atomic Absorption, Graphite
Furnace,”, approved 1993.
ASTM Method D3223-91, “Standard Test Method for Total
Mercury in Water,”, approved September 23, 1991.
ASTM Method D3454-91, “Standard Test Method for Radium-226
in Water,”, approved 1991.
ASTM Method D3559-90 D, “Standard Test Methods for Lead in
Water,”, “Test Method D--Atomic Absorption, Graphite Furnace,”,
approved August 6, 1990.
ASTM Method D3645-93 B, “Standard Test Methods for
Beryllium in Water,”, “Method B--Atomic Absorption, Graphite
Furnace,”, approved 1993.
ASTM Method D3649-91, “Standard Test Method for High-
Resolution Gamma-Ray Spectrometry of Water,”, approved 1991.
37
ASTM Method D3697-92, “Standard Test Method for Antimony
in Water,”, approved June 15, 1992.
ASTM Method D3859-93 A, “Standard Test Methods for
Selenium in Water,”, “Method A--Atomic Absorption, Hydride
Method,”, approved 1993.
ASTM Method D3867-90 A and B, “Standard Test Methods for
Nitrite-Nitrate in Water,”, “Test Method A--Automated Cadmium
Reduction” & “Test Method B--Manual Cadmium Reduction,”,
approved January 10, 1990.
ASTM Method D3972-90, “Standard Test Method for Isotopic
Uranium in Water by Radiochemistry,”, approved 1990.
ASTM Method D4107-91, “Standard Test Method for Tritium in
Drinking Water,”, approved 1991.
ASTM Method D4327-91, “Standard Test Method for Anions in
Water by Ion Chromatography,”, approved October 15, 1991.
ASTM Method D4785-88, “Standard Test Method for Low-Level
Iodine-131 in Water,”, approved 1988.
ASTM Method D5174-91, “Standard Test Method for Trace
Uranium in Water by Pulsed-Laser Phosphorimetry,”, approved
1991.
ASTM Method D 1253-86, “Standard Test Method for Residual
Chlorine in Water,”, reapproved 1992.
Bran & Luebbe, 1025 Busch Parkway, Buffalo Grove, IL 60089:
“Fluoride in Water and Wastewater,” Industrial Method #129-
71W, December 1972 (referred to as “Technicon Methods:
Method #129-71W”). See 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1), footnote 11
(1999).
“Fluoride in Water and Wastewater,” #380-75WE, February 1976
(referred to as “Technicon Methods: Method #380-75WE”). See
40 CFR 141.23(k)(1), footnote 11 (1999).
ERDA Health and Safety Laboratory, New York, NY:
HASL Procedure Manual, HASL 300, 1973. See 40 CFR
38
141.25(b)(2) (1998) (1999).
Great Lakes Instruments, Inc., 8855 North 55th Street, Milwaukee, WI
53223:
GLI Method 2, “Turbidity,”, Nov. 2, 1992.
The Hach Company, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, CO 80539 800-227-4224:
“Lead in Drinking Water by Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping
Voltammetry,” Method 1001, August 1999.
Millipore Corporation, Technical Services Department, 80 Ashby Road,
Milford, MA 01730 800-654-5476:
Colisure Presence/Absence Test for Detection and Identification of
Coliform Bacteria and Escherichia Coli in Drinking Water,
February 28, 1994 (referred to as “Colisure Test”).
Millipore Corporation, Waters Chromatography Division, 34 Maple St.,
Milford, MA 01757 800-252-4752:
Waters Test Method for the Determination of Nitrite/Nitrate in
Water Using Single Column Ion Chromatography, Method B-1011
(referred to as “Waters Method B-1011”).
NCRP. National Council on Radiation Protection, 7910 Woodmont Ave.,
Bethesda, MD 301-657-2652:
“Maximum Permissible Body Burdens and Maximum Permissible
Concentrations of Radionuclides in Air and in Water for
Occupational Exposure,”, NCRP Report Number 22, June 5, 1959.
NSF. National Sanitation Foundation International, 3475 Plymouth Road,
PO Box 130140, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48113-0140, 734-769-8010:
NSF Standard 61, section 9, November 1998.
NTIS. National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of
Commerce, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161, 703- 487-
4600 or 800-553-6847:
“Interim Radiochemical Methodology for Drinking Water,”, EPA
600/4-75-008 (revised), March 1976 (referred to as “USEPA
Interim Radiochemical Methods”). (Pages 1, 4, 6, 9, 13, 16, 24,
29, 34)
39
“Maximum Permissible Body Burdens and Maximum Permissible
Concentrations of Radionuclides in Air and in Water for
Occupational Exposure,” NBS (National Bureau of Standards)
Handbook 69, as amended August 1963, U.S. Department of
Commerce.
Method 100.1, “Analytical Method for Determination of Asbestos
Fibers in Water,”, EPA-600/4-83-043, September, 1983, Doc. No.
PB83-260471 (referred to as “USEPA Asbestos Methods-100.1”).
Method 100.2, “Determination of Asbestos Structures over 10-mm
in Length in Drinking Water,”, EPA-600/4-83-043, June, 1994,
Doc. No. PB94-201902 (Referred referred to as “USEPA Asbestos
Methods-100.2”).
“Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes,”, March,
1983, Doc. No. PB84-128677 (referred to as “USEPA Inorganic
Methods”). (Methods 150.1, 150.2, and 245.2, which formerly
appeared in this reference, are available from USEPA EMSL.)
“Methods for the Determination of Inorganic Substances in
Environmental Samples,” August 1993, PB94-120821 (referred to
as “USEPA Environmental Inorganic Methods”).
“Methods for the Determination of Metals in Environmental
Samples,”, June, 1991, Doc. No. PB91-231498 and “Methods for
the Determination of Metals in Environmental Samples—
Supplement I,” May 1994, PB95-125472 (referred to as “USEPA
Environmental Metals Methods”).
“Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in
Drinking Water,”, December, 1988, revised July 1991, EPA-600/4-
88/039 (referred to as “USEPA Organic Methods”). (For methods
502.2, 505, 507, 508, 508A, 515.1, and 531.1.)
“Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in
Drinking Water--Supplement I,”, July, 1990, EPA-600-4-90-020
EPA/600-4-90-020 (referred to as “USEPA Organic Methods”).
(For methods 506, 547, 550, 550.1, and 551.)
“Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in
Drinking Water--Supplement II,”, August, 1992, EPA-600/R-92-
129 (referred to as “USEPA Organic Methods”). (For methods
515.2, 524.2, 548.1, 549.1, 552.1, and 555.)
40
“Prescribed Procedures for Measurement of Radioactivity in
Drinking Water,”, EPA 600/4-80-032, August 1980 (referred to as
“USEPA Radioactivity Methods”). (Methods 900, 901, 901.1, 902,
903, 903.1, 904, 905, 906, 908, 908.1)
“Procedures for Radiochemical Analysis of Nuclear Reactor
Aqueous Solutions,”, H.L. Krieger and S. Gold, EPA-R4-73-014,
May, 1973, Doc. No. PB222-154/7BA.
“Radiochemical Analytical Procedures for Analysis of
Environmental Samples,”, March, 1979, Doc. No. EMSL LV
053917 (referred to as “USEPA Radiochemical Analyses”).
(Pages 1, 19, 33, 65, 87, 92)
“Radiochemistry Procedures Manual,”, EPA-520/5-84-006,
December, 1987, Doc. No. PB-84-215581 (referred to as “USEPA
Radiochemistry Methods”). (Methods 00-01, 00-02, 00-07, H-02,
Ra-03, Ra-04, Ra-05, Sr-04)
“Technical Notes on Drinking Water Methods,”, EPA-600/R-94-
173, October, 1994, Doc. No. PB-104766 (referred to as “USEPA
Technical Notes”).
BOARD NOTE: USEPA made the following assertion with
regard to this reference at 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1) and 141.24(e) and
(n)(11) (1995): “This document contains other analytical test
procedures and approved analytical methods that remain available
for compliance monitoring until July 1, 1996.”
“Tetra- through Octa-Chlorinated Dioxins and Furans by Isotope
Dilution HRGC/HRMS,”, October, 1994, EPA-821-B-94-005
(referred to as “Dioxin and Furan Method 1613”).
New Jersey Department of Environment, Division of Environmental
Quality, Bureau of Radiation and Inorganic Analytical Services, 9 Ewing
Street, Trenton, NJ 08625:
“Determination of Radium 228 in Drinking Water,”, August 1990.
New York Department of Health, Radiological Sciences Institute, Center
for Laboratories and Research, Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY 12201:
“Determination of Ra-226 and Ra-228 (Ra-02),”, January 1980,
Revised June 1982.
Palintest, Ltd., 21 Kenton Lands Road, P.O. Box 18395, Erlanger, KY
41
800-835-9629:
“Lead in Drinking Water by Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping
Voltammetry,” Method 1001, August 1999.
Technicon Industrial Systems, Tarrytown, NY 10591:
“Fluoride in Water and Wastewater”, Industrial Method #129-
71W, December 1972 (referred to as “Technicon Methods:
Method #129-71W”). See 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1), footnote 11
(1999).
“Fluoride in Water and Wastewater”, #380-75WE, February 1976
(referred to as “Technicon Methods: Method #380-75WE”). See
40 CFR 141.23(k)(1), footnote 11 (1999).
United States Department of Energy, available at the Environmental
Measurements Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, 376 Hudson
Street, New York, NY 10014-3621:
“EML Procedures Manual,”, 27th Edition, Volume 1, 1990.
United States Environmental Protection Agency, EMSL, Cincinnati, OH
45268 513-569-7586:
“Interim Radiochemical Methodology for Drinking Water,”, EPA-
600/4-75-008 (referred to as “Radiochemical Methods”).
(Revised) March, 1976.
“Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in
Finished Drinking Water and Raw Source Water” (referred to as
“USEPA Organic Methods”). (For methods 504.1, 508.1, and
525.2 only.). See NTIS.
“Procedures for Radiochemical Analysis of Nuclear Reactor
Aqueous Solutions.”. See NTIS.
USEPA, Science and Technology Branch, Criteria and Standards
Division, Office of Drinking Water, Washington, D.C. 20460:
“Guidance Manual for Compliance with the Filtration and
Disinfection Requirements for Public Water Systems using Surface
Water Sources,”, October, 1989.
USGS. Books and Open-File Reports Section, United States Geological
Survey, Federal Center, Box 25425 25286, Denver, CO 80225-0425:
42
Methods available upon request by method number from “Methods
of for Analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water
Quality Laboratory--Determination of Inorganic and Organic
Constituents in Water and Fluvial Sediments,”, Open File Report
93-125, 1993, or Book 5, Chapter A-1, “Methods for
Determination of Inorganic Substances in Water and Fluvial
Sediments,”, 3d 3rd ed., Open-File Report 85-495, 1989, as
appropriate (referred to as “USGS Methods”).
I-1030-85
I-1062-85
I-1601-85
I-1700-85
I-2598-85
I-2601-90
I-2700-85
I-3300-85
Methods available upon request by method number from “Methods
for Determination of Radioactive Substances in Water and Fluvial
Sediments,”, Chapter A5 in Book 5 of “Techniques of Water-
Resources Investigations of the United States Geological Survey,”,
1997.
R-1110-76
R-1111-76
R-1120-76
R-1140-76
R-1141-76
R-1142-76
R-1160-76
43
R-1171-76
R-1180-76
R-1181-76
R-1182-76
Waters Corporation, Technical Services Division, 34 Maple St., Milford,
MA 01757 800-252-4752:
“Waters Test Method for Determination of Nitrite/Nitrate in Water
Using Single Column Ion Chromatography,” Method B-1011,
August 1987 (referred to as “Waters Method B-1011”).
c) The Board incorporates the following federal regulations by reference:
40 CFR 136, Appendix B and C (2000).
d) This Part incorporates no later amendments or editions.
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.130 Special Requirements for Certain Variances and Adjusted Standards
a) Relief from the TTHM MCL.
1) In granting any variance or adjusted standard to a supplier that is a CWS
which adds a disinfectant at any part of treatment and which provides
water to 10,000 or more persons on a regular basis from the maximum
contaminant level for TTHM listed in Section 611.310(c), the Board will
require application of the best available technology (BAT) identified at
subsection (a)(4) of this Section for that constituent as a condition to the
relief, unless the supplier has demonstrated through comprehensive
engineering assessments that application of BAT is not technically
appropriate and technically feasible for that system or that the application
would only result in a marginal reduction in TTHM for that supplier.
2) The Board will require the following as a condition for relief from the
TTHM MCL where it does not require the application of BAT:
A) That the supplier continue to investigate the following methods as
an alternative means of significantly reducing the level of TTHM,
according to a definite schedule:
i) The introduction of off-line water storage for THM
44
precursor reduction;
ii) Aeration for TTHM reduction, where geography and
climate allow;
iii) The introduction of clarification, where not presently
practiced;
iv) The use of alternative sources of raw water; and
v) The use of ozone as an alternative or supplemental
disinfectant or oxidant, and
B) That the supplier report results of that investigation to the Agency.
3) The Agency must petition the Board to reconsider or modify a variance or
adjusted standard, pursuant to Subpart I of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 101, if it
determines that an alternative method identified by the supplier pursuant
to subsection (a)(2) of this Section is technically feasible and would result
in a significant reduction in TTHM.
4) Best available technology for TTHM reduction is as follows:
A) The use of chloramines as an alternative or supplemental
disinfectant,
B) The use of chlorine dioxide as an alternative or supplemental
disinfectant, or
C) Improved existing clarification for THM precursor reduction.
BOARD NOTE: Subsection (a) derived from 40 CFR 142.60 (2000).
b) Relief from the fluoride MCL.
1) In granting any variance or adjusted standard to a supplier that is a CWS
from the maximum contaminant level for fluoride listed in Section
611.301(b), the Board will require application of the best available
technology (BAT) identified at subsection (b)(4) of this Section for that
constituent as a condition to the relief, unless the supplier has
demonstrated through comprehensive engineering assessments that
application of BAT is not technically appropriate and technically feasible
for that supplier.
2) The Board will require the following as a condition for relief from the
fluoride MCL where it does not require the application of BAT:
45
A) That the supplier continue to investigate the following methods as
an alternative means of significantly reducing the level of fluoride,
according to a definite schedule:
i) A modification of lime softening;
ii) Alum coagulation;
iii) Electrodialysis;
iv) Anion exchange resins;
v) Well field management;
vi) The use of alternative sources of raw water; and
vii) Regionalization, and
B) That the supplier report results of that investigation to the Agency.
3) The Agency must petition the Board to reconsider or modify a variance or
adjusted standard, pursuant to Subpart I of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 101, if it
determines that an alternative method identified by the supplier pursuant
to subsection (b)(2) of this Section is technically feasible and would result
in a significant reduction in fluoride.
4) Best available technology for fluoride reduction is as follows:
A) Activated alumina absorption centrally applied, and
B) Reverse osmosis centrally applied.
BOARD NOTE: Subsection (b) derived from 40 CFR 142.61 (2000).
c) Relief from an inorganic chemical contaminant, VOC, or SOC MCL.
1) In granting to a supplier that is a CWS or NTNCWS any variance or
adjusted standard from the maximum contaminant levels for any VOC or
SOC, listed in Section 611.311(a) or (c), or for any inorganic chemical
contaminant, listed in Section 611.301, the supplier must have first
applied the best available technology (BAT) identified at Section
611.311(b) (VOCs and SOCs) or Section 611.301(c) (inorganic chemical
contaminants) for that constituent, unless the supplier has demonstrated
through comprehensive engineering assessments that application of BAT
would achieve only a minimal and insignificant reduction in the level of
46
contaminant.
BOARD NOTE: USEPA lists BAT for each SOC and VOC at 40 CFR
142.62(a) (2000), for the purposes of variances and exemptions (adjusted
standards). That list is identical to the list at 40 CFR 141.61(b) (2000).
2) The Board may require any of the following as a condition for relief from
a an MCL listed in Section 611.301 or 611.311:
A) That the supplier continue to investigate alternative means of
compliance according to a definite schedule, and
B) That the supplier report results of that investigation to the Agency.
3) The Agency must petition the Board to reconsider or modify a variance or
adjusted standard, pursuant to Subpart I of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 101, if it
determines that an alternative method identified by the supplier pursuant
to subsection (c)(2) of this Section is technically feasible.
BOARD NOTE: Subsection (c) derived from 40 CFR 142.62(a) through (e)
(2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 6976 (January 22, 2001).
d) Conditions requiring use of bottled water, or a point-of-use treatment device, or a
point-of-entry devices treatment device. In granting any variance or adjusted
standard from the maximum contaminant levels for organic and inorganic
chemicals or an adjusted standard from the treatment technique for lead and
copper, the Board may impose certain conditions requiring the use of bottled
water, a point-of-entry devices treatment device, or a point-of-use devices
treatment device to avoid an unreasonable risk to health, limited as provided in
subsections (e) and (f) of this Section.
1) Relief from an MCL. The Board may, when granting any variance or
adjusted standard from the MCL requirements of Sections 611.301 and
611.311, impose a condition that requires a supplier to use bottled water, a
point-of-entry devices treatment device, or a point-of-use devices
treatment device, or other means to avoid an unreasonable risk to health.
2) Relief from corrosion control treatment. The Board may, when granting
an adjusted standard from the corrosion control treatment requirements for
lead and copper of Sections 611.351 and 611.352, impose a condition that
requires a supplier to use bottled water, and a point-of-use devices
treatment device, or other means, but not a point-of-entry devices
treatment device, to avoid an unreasonable risk to health.
3) Relief from source water treatment or service line replacement. The
47
Board may, when granting an exemption from the source water treatment
and lead service line replacement requirements for lead and copper under
Sections 611.353 or 611.354, impose a condition that requires a supplier
to use a point-of-entry devices treatment device to avoid an unreasonable
risk to health.
BOARD NOTE: Subsection (d) derived from 40 CFR 142.62(f) (2000).
e) Use of bottled water. Suppliers that propose to use or use bottled water as a
condition for receiving a variance or an adjusted standard from the requirements
of Section 611.301 or Section 611.311, or an adjusted standard from the
requirements of Sections 611.351 through 611.354 must meet the requirements of
either subsections (e)(1), (e)(2), (e)(3), and (e)(6) or (e)(4), (e)(5), and (e)(6) of
this Section:
1) The supplier must develop a monitoring program for Board approval that
provides reasonable assurances that the bottled water meets all MCLs of
Sections 611.301 and 611.311 and submit a description of this program as
part of its petition. The proposed program must describe how the supplier
will comply with each requirement of this subsection (e).
2) The supplier must monitor representative samples of the bottled water for
all contaminants regulated under Sections 611.301 and 611.311 during the
first three-month period that it supplies the bottled water to the public, and
annually thereafter.
3) The supplier must annually provide the results of the monitoring program
to the Agency.
4) The supplier must receive a certification from the bottled water company
as to each of the following:
A) that the bottled water supplied has been taken from an approved
source of bottled water, as such is defined in Section 611.101;
B) that the approved source of bottled water has conducted
monitoring in accordance with 21 CFR 129.80(g)(1) through (3);
C) and that the bottled water does not exceed any MCLs or quality
limits as set out in 21 CFR 103.35, 110, and 129.
5) The supplier must provide the certification required by subsection (e)(4)
of this Section to the Agency during the first quarter after it begins
supplying bottled water and annually thereafter.
6) The supplier must assure the provision of sufficient quantities of bottled
48
water to every affected person supplied by the supplier via door-to-door
bottled water delivery.
BOARD NOTE: Subsection (e) derived from 40 CFR 142.62(g) (2000).
f) Use of a point-of-entry devices treatment device. Before the Board grants any
PWS a variance or adjusted standard from any NPDWR that includes a condition
requiring the use of a point-of-entry treatment device, the supplier must
demonstrate to the Board each of the following:
1) That the supplier will operate and maintain the device;
2) That the device provides health protection equivalent to that provided by
central treatment;
3) That the supplier will maintain the microbiological safety of the water at
all times;
4) That the supplier has established standards for performance, conducted a
rigorous engineering design review, and field tested the device;
5) That the operation and maintenance of the device will account for any
potential for increased concentrations of heterotrophic bacteria resulting
through the use of activated carbon, by backwashing, post-contactor
disinfection, and heterotrophic plate count monitoring;
6) That buildings connected to the supplier's distribution system have
sufficient devices properly installed, maintained, and monitored to assure
that all consumers are protected; and
7) That the use of the device will not cause increased corrosion of lead and
copper bearing materials located between the device and the tap that could
increase contaminant levels at the tap.
BOARD NOTE: Subsection (f) derived from 40 CFR 142.62(h) (2000).
g) Relief from the maximum contaminant levels for radionuclides (effective
December 8, 2003).
1) Relief from the maximum contaminant levels for combined radium-226
and radium-228, uranium, gross alpha particle activity (excluding Radon
radon and Uranium uranium), and beta particle and photon radioactivity.
A) Section 611.330(g) sets forth what USEPA has identified as the
best available technology (BAT), treatment techniques, or other
means available for achieving compliance with the maximum
49
contaminant levels for the radionuclides listed in Section
611.330(b), (c), (d), and (e), for the purposes of issuing relief
equivalent to a federal section 1415 variance or a section 1416
exemption.
B) In addition to the technologies listed in Section 611.330(g),
Section 611.330(h) sets forth what USEPA has identified as the
BAT, treatment techniques, or other means available for achieving
compliance with the maximum contaminant levels for the
radionuclides listed in Section 611.330(b), (c), (d), and (e), for the
purposes of issuing relief equivalent to a federal section 1415
variance or a section 1416 exemption to small drinking water
systems, defined here as those serving 10,000 persons or fewer, as
shown in the second table set forth at Section 611.330(h).
2) The Board will require a CWS supplier to install and use any treatment
technology identified in Section 611.330(g), or in the case of small water
systems (those serving 10,000 persons or fewer), listed in Section
611.330(h), as a condition for granting relief equivalent to a federal
section 1415 variance or a section 1416 exemption, except as provided in
subsection (a)(3) of this Section. If, after the system's installation of the
treatment technology, the system cannot meet the MCL, that system will
be eligible for relief.
3) If a CWS supplier can demonstrate through comprehensive engineering
assessments, which may include pilot plant studies, that the treatment
technologies identified in this Section would only achieve a de minimus
reduction in the contaminant level, the Board may issue a schedule of
compliance that requires the system being granted relief equivalent to a
federal section 1415 variance or a section 1416 exemption to examine
other treatment technologies as a condition of obtaining the relief.
4) If the Agency determines that a treatment technology identified under
subsection (a)(3) of this Section is technically feasible, it may request that
the Board require the supplier to install and use that treatment technology
in connection with a compliance schedule issued pursuant to Section 36 of
the Act. The Agency's determination must be based upon studies by the
system and other relevant information.
5) The Board may require a community water system CWS to use bottled
water, point-of-use devices, point-of-entry devices, or other means as a
condition of granting relief equivalent to a federal Section section 1415
variance or a Section section 1416 exemption from the requirements of
Section 611.330, to avoid an unreasonable risk to health.
6) A CWS supplier that uses bottled water as a condition for receiving relief
50
equivalent to a federal Section section 1415 variance or a Section section
1416 exemption from the requirements of Section 611.330 must meet the
requirements specified in either subsections (e)(1) through (e)(3) or (e)(4)
through (e)(6) of this Section.
7) A CWS supplier that uses point-of-use or point-of-entry devices as a
condition for obtaining relief equivalent to a federal Section section 1415
variance or a Section section 1416 exemption from the radionuclides
NPDWRs must meet the conditions in subsections (g)(1) through (g)(6) of
this Section.
BOARD NOTE: Subsection (g) derived from 40 CFR 142.65, as added at 65
Fed. Reg. 76751 (December 7, 2000), effective December 8, 2003.
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
SUBPART B: FILTRATION AND DISINFECTION
Section 611.232 Site-specific Conditions
The Agency shall must consider the following site specific criteria in determining whether to
require filtration pursuant to Section 611.211:
a) Disinfection.
1) The supplier shall must meet the requirements of Section 611.241(a) at
least 11 of the 12 previous months that the system served water to the
public, on an ongoing basis, unless the system fails to meet the
requirements during 2 of the 12 previous months that the system served
water to the public, and the Agency determines that at least one of these
failures was caused by circumstances that were unusual and unpredictable.
2) The supplier shall must meet the following requirements at the times
specified for each:
A) The requirements of Section 611.241(b)(1), at all times the system
serves water to the public; and
B) The requirements of Section 611.241(b)(2) at all times the system
serves water to the public, unless the Agency determines that any
such failure was caused by circumstances that were unusual and
unpredictable.
3) The supplier shall must meet the requirements of Section 611.241(c) at all
times the system serves water to the public, unless the Agency determines
51
that any such failure was caused by circumstances that were unusual and
unpredictable.
4) The supplier shall must meet the requirements of Section 611.241(d) on an
ongoing basis, unless the Agency determines that failure to meet these
requirements was not caused by a deficiency in treatment of the source
water.
b) Watershed control program. The supplier shall must maintain a watershed control
program which that minimizes the potential for contamination by Giardia lamblia
cysts and viruses in the source water.
1) The Agency shall must determine whether the watershed control program
is adequate to meet this goal. The Agency shall must determine the
adequacy of a watershed control program based on:
A) The comprehensiveness of the watershed review;
B) The effectiveness of the system’s supplier’s program to monitor
and control detrimental activities occurring in the watershed; and
C) The extent to which the water system supplier has maximized land
ownership or controlled the land use within the watershed. At a
minimum, the watershed control program must:
i) Characterize the watershed hydrology and land ownership;
ii) Identify watershed characteristics and activities which that
may have an adverse effect on source water quality; and
iii) Monitor the occurrence of activities which that may have
an adverse effect on source water quality.
2) The supplier shall must demonstrate through ownership or written
agreements with landowners within the watershed that it can control all
human activities which that may have an adverse impact on the
microbiological quality of the source water. The supplier shall must
submit an annual report to the Agency that identifies any special concerns
about the watershed and how they are being handled; describes activities
in the watershed that affect water quality; and projects what adverse
activities are expected to occur in the future and describes how the
supplier expects to address them. For systems using a groundwater source
under the direct influence of surface water, an approved wellhead
protection program may be used, if appropriate, to meet these
requirements.
52
c) On-site inspection. The supplier shall must be subject to an annual on-site
inspection to assess the watershed control program and disinfection treatment
process. The Agency shall must conduct the inspection. A report of the on-site
inspection summarizing all findings must be prepared every year. The on-site
inspection must demonstrate that the watershed control program and disinfection
treatment process are adequately designed and maintained. The on-site inspection
must include:
1) A review of the effectiveness of the watershed control program;
2) A review of the physical condition of the source intake and how well it is
protected;
3) A review of the system’s supplier’s equipment maintenance program to
ensure there is low probability for failure of the disinfection process;
4) An inspection of the disinfection equipment for physical deterioration;
5) A review of operating procedures;
6) A review of data records to ensure that all required tests are being
conducted and recorded and disinfection is effectively practiced; and
7) Identification of any improvements which that are needed in the
equipment, system maintenance, and operation or data collection.
d) Absence of waterborne disease outbreaks. The PWS must not have been
identified as a source of a waterborne disease outbreak, or if it has been so
identified, the system must have been modified sufficiently to prevent another
such occurrence.
e) Total coliform MCL. The supplier shall must comply with the MCL for total
coliforms in Section 611.325 at least 11 months of the 12 previous months that
the system served water to the public, on an ongoing basis, unless the Agency
determines that failure to meet this requirement was not caused by a deficiency in
treatment of the source water.
f) TTHM MCL. The supplier shall must comply with the MCL for TTHM in
Section 611.310. The PWS shall must comply with the requirements for
trihalomethanes until December 31, 2001. After December 31, 2001, the system
shall supplier must comply with the requirements for total trihalomethanes,
haloacetic acids (five), bromate, chlorite, chlorine, chloramines, and chlorine
dioxide in Subpart I of this Part.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.71(b) (1998) (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg.
3770 (January 16, 2001).
53
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.250 Filtration
A supplier that uses a surface water source or a groundwater source under the direct influence of
surface water, and does not meet all of the criteria in Section Sections 611.231 and 611.232 for
avoiding filtration, shall must provide treatment consisting of both disinfection, as specified in
Section 611.242, and filtration treatment which that complies with the requirements of
subsection (a), (b), (c), (d), or (e) by June 29, 1993, or within 18 months after the failure to meet
any one of the criteria for avoiding filtration in Section Sections 611.231 and 611.232,
whichever is later. Failure to meet any requirement after the date specified in this introductory
paragraph is a treatment technique violation.
a) Conventional filtration treatment or direct filtration.
1) For
systems
a system using conventional filtration or direct filtration, the
turbidity level of representative samples of a the system’s filtered water
must be less than or equal to 0.5 NTU in at least 95 percent of the
measurements taken each month, except that, if the Agency determines, by
special exception permit, that the system is capable of achieving at least
99.9 percent removal or inactivation of Giardia lamblia cysts at some
turbidity level higher than 0.5 NTU in at least 95 percent of the
measurements taken each month, the Agency shall must substitute this
higher turbidity limit for that system. However, in no case may the
Agency approve a turbidity limit that allows more than 1 NTU in more
than 5 percent of the samples taken each month.
2) The turbidity level of representative samples of a system’s filtered water
must at no time exceed 5 NTU.
b) Slow sand filtration.
1) For
systems
a system using slow sand filtration, the turbidity level of
representative samples of a the system’s filtered water must be less than or
equal to 1 NTU in at least 95 percent of the measurements taken each
month, except that if the Agency determines, by special exception permit,
that there is no significant interference with disinfection at a higher level,
the Agency shall must substitute the higher turbidity limit for that system.
2) The turbidity level of representative samples of a system’s filtered water
must at no time exceed 5 NTU.
c) Diatomaceous earth filtration.
1) For
systems
a system using diatomaceous earth filtration, the turbidity
54
level of representative samples of a the system’s filtered water must be
less than or equal to 1 NTU in at least 95 percent of the measurements
taken each month.
2) The turbidity level of representative samples of a system’s filtered water
must at no time exceed 5 NTU.
d) Other filtration technologies. A supplier may use a filtration technology not listed
in subsections (a) through (c) if it demonstrates, by special exception permit
application, to the Agency, using pilot plant studies or other means, that the
alternative filtration technology, in combination with disinfection treatment that
meets the requirements of Section 611.242, consistently achieves 99.9 percent
removal or inactivation of Giardia lamblia cysts and 99.99 percent removal or
inactivation of viruses. For a system supplier that makes this demonstration, the
requirements of subsection (b) apply. Beginning January 1, 2002, systems a
supplier serving 10,000 or more persons shall must meet the requirements for
other filtration technologies in Section 611.743(b).
e) Turbidity is measured as specified in Sections 611.531(d) and 611.533(a).
Beginning January 1, 2002, systems a supplier serving 10,000 or more persons
shall must meet the turbidity requirements in Section 611.743(a).
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.73 (1998) (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 3770
(January 16, 2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.276 Recycle Provisions
a) Applicability. A Subpart B system supplier that employs conventional filtration
or direct filtration treatment and which recycles spent filter backwash water,
thickener supernatant, or liquids from dewatering processes must meet the
requirements in subsections (b) through (d) of this Section.
b) Reporting. A supplier must notify the Agency in writing by December 8, 2003, if
the supplier recycles spent filter backwash water, thickener supernatant, or liquids
from dewatering processes. This notification must include, at a minimum, the
information specified in subsections (b)(1) and (b)(2) of this Section, as follows:
1) A plant schematic showing the origin of all flows that are recycled
(including, but not limited to, spent filter backwash water, thickener
supernatant, and liquids from dewatering processes), the hydraulic
conveyance used to transport them, and the location where they are re-
introduced back into the treatment plant.
2) Typical recycle flow in gallons per minute (gpm), the highest observed
55
plant flow experienced in the previous year (gpm), design flow for the
treatment plant (gpm), and Agency-approved operating capacity for the
plant where the Agency has made such a determination.
c) Treatment technique requirement. Any supplier that recycles spent filter
backwash water, thickener supernatant, or liquids from dewatering processes must
return these flows through the processes of the supplier's existing conventional or
direct filtration system, as defined in Section 611.101 or at an alternative location
approved by a permit issued by the Agency by June 8, 2004. If capital
improvements are required to modify the recycle location to meet this
requirement, all capital improvements must be completed no later than June 8,
2006.
d) Recordkeeping. The supplier must collect and retain on file recycle flow
information specified in subsections (d)(1) through (d)(6) of this Section for
review and evaluation by the Agency beginning June 8, 2004, as follows:
1) A copy of the recycle notification and information submitted to the State
under subsection (b) of this Section.
2) A list of all recycle flows and the frequency with which they are returned.
3) The average and maximum backwash flow rate through the filters and the
average and maximum duration of the filter backwash process in minutes.
4) The typical filter run length and a written summary of how filter run
length is determined.
5) The type of treatment provided for the recycle flow.
6) Data on the physical dimensions of the equalization or treatment units,
typical and maximum hydraulic loading rates, type of treatment chemicals
used and average dose and frequency of use, and frequency at which
solids are removed, if applicable.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.76, as added at 66 Fed. Reg. 31103 (June 8, 2001).
(Source: Adended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
SUBPART F: MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVELS (MCLs) AND
MAXIMUM RESIDUAL DISINFECTANT LEVELS (MRDLs)
Section 611.300 Old MCLs for Inorganic Chemicals
a) The old MCLs listed in subsection (b) of this Section for inorganic chemicals
56
apply only to CWS suppliers. Compliance with old MCLs for inorganic
chemicals is calculated pursuant to Section 611.612, except that analyses and
determination of compliance with the 0.05 mg/L MCL for arsenic are to be
performed pursuant to Section Sections 611.600 through 611.611.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.11(a) (1999) (2000), as amended at
66 Fed. Reg. 6976 (January 22, 2001), 66 Fed. Reg. 16134 (March 23, 2001), and
66 Fed. Reg. 28342 (May 22, 2001).
b) The following are the old MCLs for inorganic chemicals:
Contaminant
Level, mg/L
Additional State
Requirement (*)
Arsenic, until January 23,
2006
0.05
Iron 1.0
*
Manganese 0.15
*
Zinc 5.
*
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.11(b) & (c) (1999) (2000), as
amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 6976 (January 22, 2001), 66 Fed. Reg. 16134 (March
23, 2001), and 66 Fed. Reg. 28342 (May 22, 2001). This provision, which
corresponds with 40 CFR 141.11, was formerly the only listing of MCLs for
inorganic parameters. However, USEPA added another listing of inorganic
MCLs at 40 CFR 141.62 at 56 Fed. Reg. 3594 (Jan. 30, 1991), which corresponds
with Section 611.301 This subsection (b) will become an additional State
requirement after expiration of the old arsenic MCL on the January 23, 2006
effective date of the federal amendments that instituted a new MCL for Arsenic.
c) This subsection corresponds with 40 CFR 141.11(c) (1999) (2000), marked as
reserved by USEPA. This statement maintains structural parity with the federal
rules.
d) Nitrate.
Non-CWSs may exceed the MCL for nitrate under the following circumstances:
1) The nitrate level must not exceed 20 mg/L,
2) The water must not be available to children under six months of age,
3) The NCWS supplier is meeting the public notification requirements under
Section 611.909, including continuous posting of the fact that the nitrate
level exceeds 10 mg/L together with the potential health effects of
exposure,
57
4) The supplier will annually notify local public health authorities and the
Department of Public Health of the nitrate levels that exceed 10 mg/L, and
5) No adverse public health effects result.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.11(d) (1999), as amended at 65 Fed.
Reg. 26022 (May 4, 2000) (2000). The Department of Public Health regulations
may impose a nitrate limitation requirement. Those regulations are at 77 Ill.
Adm. Code 900.50.
e) The following supplementary condition applies to the MCLs listed in subsection
(b) of this Section for iron and manganese:
1) CWS suppliers that serve a population of 1000 or fewer, or 300 service
connections or fewer, are exempt from the standards for iron and
manganese.
2) The Agency may, by special exception permit, allow iron and manganese
in excess of the MCL if sequestration tried on an experimental basis
proves to be effective. If sequestration is not effective, positive iron or
manganese reduction treatment as applicable must be provided.
Experimental use of a sequestering agent may be tried only if approved by
special exception permit.
BOARD NOTE: The requirements of subsection (e) of this Section are an
additional State requirement.
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.301 Revised MCLs for Inorganic Chemicals
a) This subsection corresponds with 40 CFR 141.62(a), reserved by USEPA. This
statement maintains structural consistency with USEPA rules.
b) The MCLs in the following table apply to CWSs. Except for fluoride, the MCLs
also apply to NTNCWSs. The MCLs for nitrate, nitrite, and total nitrate and
nitrite also apply to transient non-CWSs.
Contaminant MCL
Units
Antimony 0.006
mg/L
Arsenic (effective
January 23, 2006)
0.01 mg/L
Asbestos 7
MFL
Barium 2
mg/L
Beryllium 0.004
mg/L
58
Cadmium 0.005
mg/L
Chromium 0.1
mg/L
Cyanide (as free CN
-
) 0.2 mg/L
Fluoride 4.0
mg/L
Mercury 0.002
mg/L
Nitrate (as N)
10. mg/L
Nitrite (as N)
1. mg/L
Total Nitrate and Nitrite
10. mg/L
(as N)
Selenium 0.05
mg/L
Thallium 0.002
mg/L
BOARD NOTE: See Section 611.300(d) for an elevated nitrate level for
non-CWSs. USEPA removed and reserved the MCL for nickel on June
29, 1995, at 60 Fed. Reg. 33932, as a result of a judicial order in Nickel
Development Institute v. EPA, No. 92-1407, and Specialty Steel Industry
of the U.S. v. Browner, No. 92-1410 (D.C. Cir. Feb. 23 & Mar. 6, 1995),
while retaining the contaminant, analytical methodology, and detection
limit listings for this contaminant.
c) USEPA has identified the following as BAT for achieving compliance with the
MCL for the inorganic contaminants identified in subsection (b) of this Section,
except for fluoride:
Contaminant BAT(s)
Antimony C/F
RO
Arsenic
(BATs for
As
V
. Pre-
oxidation
may be
required to
convert As
III
to As
V
.)
AAL
C/F
IX
LIME
RO
ED
O/F (To obtain high removals, the iron to arsenic ratio
must be at least 20:1)
Asbestos C/F
DDF
CC
Barium IX
LIME
RO
ED
Beryllium AA
C/F
IX
LIME
59
RO
Cadmium C/F
IX
LIME
RO
Chromium C/F
IX
LIME, BAT for Cr(III) Cr
III
only
RO
Cyanide IX
RO
Cl
2
Mercury
C/F, BAT only if influent Hg concentrations less than or
equal to (
≤
) 10 μg/L
GAC
LIME, BAT only if influent Hg concentrations
≤
10 μg/L
RO, BAT only if influent Hg concentrations
≤
10 μg/L
Nickel IX
LIME
RO
Nitrate IX
RO
ED
Nitrite IX
RO
Selenium AAL
C/F, BAT for Se(IV) Se
IV
only
LIME
RO
ED
Thallium AAL
IX
Abbreviations
AAL Activated alumina
C/F Coagulation/filtration (not BAT for a system that has fewer
than 500 service connections)
DDF Direct and diatomite filtration
GAC Granular activated carbon
IX Ion exchange
LIME Lime softening
RO Reverse osmosis
CC Corrosion control
ED Electrodialysis
Cl
2 Oxidation (chlorine)
60
UV Ultraviolet irradiation
O/F Oxidation/filtration
d) At 40 CFR 141.62(d), as added at 66 Fed. Reg. 7064 (January 22, 2001), USEPA
identified the following as the affordable technology, treatment technique, or
other means available to systems serving 10,000 persons or fewer for achieving
compliance with the maximum contaminant level for arsenic:
Small System Compliance Technologies (SSCTs)
1
for Arsenic
2
Small system compliance technology
Affordable for listed small system
categories
3
Activated alumina (centralized)
All size categories
Activated alumina (point-of-use)
4
All size categories
Coagulation/filtration
5
501-3,300 persons, 3,301-10,000 persons
Coagulation-assisted microfiltration
501-3,300 persons, 3,301-10,000 persons
Electrodialysis reversal
6
501-3,300 persons, 3,301-10,000 persons
Enhanced coagulation/filtration
All size categories
Enhanced lime softening (pH> 10.5)
All size categories
Ion exchange
All size categories
Lime softening
5
501-3,300 persons, 3,301-10,000 persons
Oxidation/filtration
7
All size categories
Reverse osmosis (centralized)
6
501-3,300 persons, 3,301-10,000 persons
Reverse osmosis (point-of-use)
4
All size categories
1
Section 1412(b)(4)(E)(ii) of the federal SDWA (42 USC 300g-1(b)(4)(E)(ii))
specifies that SSCTs must be affordable and technically feasible for a small
system supplier.
2
SSCTs for As
V
. Pre-oxidation may be required to convert As
III
to As
V
.
3
The federal SDWA specifies three categories of small system suppliers: (1)
those serving 25 or more, but fewer than 501 persons, (2) those serving more
than 500 but fewer than 3,301 persons, and (3) those serving more than 3,300
but fewer than 10,001 persons.
3
The federal SDWA specifies three categories of small system suppliers: (1)
those serving 25 or more, but fewer than 501, (2) those serving more than 500,
but fewer than 3,301, and (3) those serving more than 3,300, but fewer than
10,001.
4
When POU or POE devices are used for compliance, programs to ensure
proper long-term operation, maintenance, and monitoring must be provided by
the water supplier to ensure adequate performance.
5
Unlikely to be installed solely for arsenic removal. May require pH
adjustment to optimal range if high removals are needed.
6
Technologies reject a large volume of water--may not be appropriate for areas
where water quantity may be an issue.
7
To obtain high removals, iron to arsenic ratio must be at least 20:1.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.62 (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 6976
61
(January 22, 2001), 66 Fed. Reg. 16134 (March 23, 2001), and 66 Fed. Reg. 28342 (May 22,
2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.310 Old Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) for Organic Chemicals
The following are the MCLs for organic chemicals. The MCLs for organic chemicals in this
Section apply to all CWSs. Compliance with the MCLs in subsections (a) and (b) is calculated
pursuant to Subpart O of this Part. Compliance with the MCL in subsection (c) is calculated
pursuant to Subpart P of this Part.
Contaminant
Level mg/L
Additional State
Requirement (*)
a) Chlorinated hydrocarbons
Aldrin 0.001
*
DDT 0.05
*
Dieldrin 0.001 *
Heptachlor 0.0001 *
Heptachlor epoxide
0.0001
*
BOARD NOTE: Originally derived from 40 CFR 141.12(a)(1994), USEPA
removed the last entry in this subsection and marked it reserved at 57 Fed. Reg.
31838 (July 17, 1992). USEPA added another listing of organic MCLs at 40 CFR
141.61 (1994) (2000). Heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, and 2,4-D appear in both
this Section and in Section 611.311, with a different MCL in each Section. The
heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, and 2,4-D MCLs in this Section are Illinois
limitations that are more stringent than the federal requirements. However,
detection of these contaminants or violation of their federally-derived revised
Section 611.311 MCLs imposes more stringent monitoring, reporting, and notice
requirements.
b) Chlorophenoxys
2,4-D 0.01
*
BOARD NOTE: Originally derived from 40 CFR 141.12(b) (1994) (2000),
USEPA removed the last entry in this subsection and marked it reserved at 56
Fed. Reg. 3578 (Jan. 30, 1991). See the preceding Board Note regarding the dual
listing of MCLs for 2,4-D.
c) TTHM
0.10
*
1) The MCL of 0.10 mg/L for TTHM applies to a Subpart B community water
system CWS supplier that serves 10,000 or more persons, until December
62
31, 2001.
2) The MCL of 0.10 mg/L for TTHM applies to community water systems a
CWS supplier that use uses only groundwater not under the direct influence
of surface water and serve serves 10,000 or more persons, until December
31, 2003.
3) After December 31, 2003, the MCL for TTHM in this Section is no longer
applicable.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.12 (1999) (2000). This is an
additional State requirement to the extent that it applies to supplies a supplier
other than CWSs a CWS supplier that add adds a disinfectant at any part of
treatment and which provide provides water to 10,000 or more persons. The new
MCL for TTHM is listed in Section 611.312.
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.312 Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) for Disinfection Byproducts
(DBPs)
a) The maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for disinfection byproducts (DBPs) are
as follows:
Disinfection byproduct
MCL (mg/L)
Total trihalomethanes (TTHM)
0.080
Haloacetic acids (five) (HAA5)
0.060
Bromate 0.010
Chlorite 1.0
b) Compliance dates.
1) CWSs and NTNCWSs. A Subpart B system supplier serving 10,000 or
more persons shall must comply with this Section beginning January 1,
2002. A Subpart B system supplier serving fewer than 10,000 persons and
systems or a supplier using only groundwater not under the direct influence
of surface water shall must comply with this Section beginning January 1,
2004.
2) A PWS that is installing GAC or membrane technology to comply with this
Section may apply to the Board for an extension of up to 24 months past the
dates in subsection (b)(1) of this Section, but not beyond December 31,
2003. The Board shall must grant the extension, and shall must set a
schedule for compliance and may specify any interim measures that the
PWS must take. Failure to meet the schedule or interim treatment
63
requirements constitutes a violation of an NPDWR.
c) The following are identified as the best technology, treatment techniques, or other
means available for achieving compliance with the maximum contaminant levels
for disinfection byproducts (DBPs) identified in subsection (a) of this Section.
Disinfection byproduct
(DBP)
Best available technology
(BAT)
TTHM
Enhanced coagulation or enhanced softening or GAC10,
with chlorine as the primary and residual disinfectant
HAA5
Enhanced coagulation or enhanced softening or GAC10,
with chlorine as the primary and residual disinfectant
Bromate
Control of ozone treatment process to reduce production
of bromate
Chlorite
Control of treatment processes to reduce disinfectant
demand and control of disinfection treatment processes to
reduce disinfectant levels
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.64 (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 3770
(January 16, 2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.313 Maximum Residual Disinfectant Levels (MRDLs)
a) Maximum residual disinfectant levels (MRDLs) are as follows:
Disinfectant residual
MRDL (mg/L)
Chlorine
4.0 (as Cl
2)
Chloramines
4.0 (as Cl
2)
Chlorine dioxide
0.8 (as ClO
2)
b) Compliance dates.
1) CWSs and NTNCWSs. A Subpart B system supplier serving 10,000 or
more persons shall must comply with this Section beginning January 1,
2002. A Subpart B system supplier serving fewer than 10,000 persons and
systems or a supplier using only groundwater not under the direct influence
of surface water shall must comply with this Section beginning January 1,
2004.
2) Transient NCWSs. A Subpart B system supplier serving 10,000 or more
persons and using chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant shall must
comply with the chlorine dioxide MRDL beginning January 1, 2002. A
64
Subpart B system supplier serving fewer than 10,000 persons and using
chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant and systems or a supplier using
only groundwater not under the direct influence of surface water and using
chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant shall must comply with the
chlorine dioxide MRDL beginning January 1, 2004.
c) The following are identified as the best technology, treatment techniques, or other
means available for achieving compliance with the maximum residual disinfectant
levels identified in subsection (a) of this Section: control of treatment processes to
reduce disinfectant demand and control of disinfection treatment processes to
reduce disinfectant levels.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.65 (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 3770
(January 16, 2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
SUBPART I: DISINFECTANT RESIDUALS, DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS, AND
DISINFECTION BYPRODUCT PRECURSORS
Section 611.380 General Requirements
a) The requirements of this Subpart constitute NPDWRs.
1) The regulations in this Subpart establish standards under which community
water systems (CWSs) and non-transient, non-community water systems
(NTNCWSs) a CWS supplier or an NTNCWS supplier that add adds a
chemical disinfectant to the water in any part of the drinking water treatment
process or which provide provides water that contains a chemical
disinfectant must modify their its practices to meet MCLs and MRDLs in
Sections 611.312 and 611.313, respectively, and must meet the treatment
technique requirements for DBP precursors in Section 611.385.
2) The regulations in this Subpart establish standards under which transient
non-community water systems (transient non-CWSs) a transient non-CWS
supplier that use uses chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant must
modify their its practices to meet the MRDL for chlorine dioxide in Section
611.313.
3) The Board has established MCLs for TTHM and HAA5 and treatment
technique requirements for DBP precursors to limit the levels of known
and unknown DBPs which that may have adverse health effects. These
DBPs may include chloroform, bromodichloromethane,
dibromochloromethane, bromoform, dichloroacetic acid, and
trichloroaecetic trichloroacetic acid.
65
b) Compliance dates.
1) CWSs and NTNCWSs. Unless otherwise noted, systems a supplier must
comply with the requirements of this Subpart as follows.: A Subpart B
system supplier serving 10,000 or more persons shall must comply with this
Subpart beginning January 1, 2002. A Subpart B system supplier serving
fewer than 10,000 persons and systems or a supplier using only
groundwater not under the direct influence of surface water must comply
with this Subpart beginning January 1, 2004.
2) Transient
non-CWSs. A Subpart B system supplier serving 10,000 or more
persons and using chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant shall must
comply with any requirements for chlorine dioxide in this Subpart beginning
January 1, 2002. A Subpart B system supplier serving fewer than 10,000
persons and using chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant and systems
or a supplier using only groundwater not under the direct influence of
surface water and using chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant shall
must comply with any requirements for chlorine dioxide in this Subpart
beginning January 1, 2004.
c) Each CWS and or NTNCWS supplier regulated under subsection (a) of this Section
must be operated by qualified personnel who meet the requirements specified in 35
Ill. Adm. Code 680.
d) Control of disinfectant residuals. Notwithstanding the MRDLs in Section 611.313,
systems a supplier may increase residual disinfectant levels in the distribution
system of chlorine or chloramines (but not chlorine dioxide) to a level and for a
time necessary to protect public health, to address specific microbiological
contamination problems caused by circumstances such as, but not limited to,
distribution line breaks, storm run-off events, source water contamination events, or
cross-connection events.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.130 (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 3770
(January 16, 2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.381 Analytical Requirements
a) Systems
shall A supplier must use only the analytical method(s) methods specified
in this Section to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of this Subpart.
b) Disinfection byproducts (DBPs).
1) Systems
shall A supplier must measure disinfection byproducts (DBPs) by
66
the methods (as modified by the footnotes) listed in the following table:
Approved Methods for Disinfection Byproduct (DBP) Compliance
Monitoring
Byproduct
Measured
Methodology
2
EPA
method
Standard
method
TTHM HAA5 Chlorite
4
Bromate
P&T/GC/ElC
D & PID
3
502.2
X
P&T/GC/MS 524.2
X
LLE/GC/EC
D
551.1
X
LLE/GC/EC
D
6251 B
X
SPE/GC/ECD 552.1
X
LLE/GC/EC
D
552.2
X
Amperometri
c Titration
4500-Cl
O
2 E
X
IC 300.0
X
IC 300.1
X
X
1
X indicates method is approved for measuring specified disinfection
byproduct.
2
P&T = purge and trap; GC = gas chromatography; ElCD = electrolytic
conductivity detector; PID = photoionization detector; MS = mass
spectrometer; LLE = liquid/liquid extraction; ECD = electron capture
detector; SPE = solid phase extractor; IC = ion chromatography.
3
If TTHMs are the only analytes being measured in the sample, then a PID
is not required.
4
Amperometric titration may be used for routine daily monitoring of
chlorite at the entrance to the distribution system, as prescribed in Section
611.382(b)(2)(A)(i). Ion chromatography must be used for routine
monthly monitoring of chlorite and additional monitoring of chlorite in the
distribution system, as prescribed in Sections 611.382(b)(2)(A)(ii) and
(b)(2)(B).
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.131(b) (1998).
Methodology
2
EPA Method Standard
Method
Byproduct
Measured
1
P&T/GC/ElCD &
PID
3
502.2
TTHM
P&T/GC/MS 524.2
TTHM
67
LLE/GC/ECD 551.1
TTHM
LLE/GC/ECD
6251 B HAA5
SPE/GC/ECD 552.1
HAA5
LLE/GC/ECD 552.2
HAA5
Amperometric
Titration
4500-ClO
2 E Chlorite
4
IC 300.0
Chlorite
4
IC 300.1
Chlorite
4
, Bromate
1
The listed method is approved for measuring specified disinfection
byproduct.
2
P&T = purge and trap; GC = gas chromatography; ElCD = electrolytic
conductivity detector; PID = photoionization detector; MS = mass
spectrometer; LLE = liquid/liquid extraction; ECD = electron capture
detector; SPE = solid phase extractor; IC = ion chromatography.
3
If TTHMs are the only analytes being measured in the sample, then a
PID is not required.
4
Amperometric titration may be used for routine daily monitoring of
chlorite at the entrance to the distribution system, as prescribed in
Section 611.382(b)(2)(A)(i). Ion chromatography must be used for
routine monthly monitoring of chlorite and additional monitoring of
chlorite in the distribution system, as prescribed in Sections
611.382(b)(2)(A)(ii) and (b)(2)(B).
2) Analysis under this Section for DBPs shall must be conducted by
laboratories that have received certification by USEPA or the Agency
except as specified under subsection (b)(3) of this Section. To receive
certification to conduct analyses for the contaminants in Section 611.312,
the laboratory must carry out annual analyses of performance evaluation
(PE) samples approved by USEPA or the Agency. In these analyses of PE
samples, the laboratory must achieve quantitative results within the
acceptance limit on a minimum of 80% of the analytes included in each PE
sample. The acceptance limit is defined as the 95% confidence interval
calculated around the mean of the PE study data between a maximum and
minimum acceptance limit of
±
50% and
±
15% of the study mean.
3) A party approved by USEPA or the Agency must measure daily chlorite
samples at the entrance to the distribution system.
c) Disinfectant residuals.
1) Systems
shall A supplier must measure residual disinfectant concentrations
for free chlorine, combined chlorine (chloramines), and chlorine dioxide by
the methods (as modified by the footnotes) listed in the following table:
Approved Methods for Disinfectant Residual Compliance Monitoring
68
Residual
Measured
1
Methodolog
y
Standard
method
ASTM
method
Free
chlori
ne
Combin
ed
chlorine
Total
chlorin
e
Chlori
ne
dioxid
e
Amperometr
ic Titration
4500-Cl D
D
1253-86
X
X
X
Low Level
Amperometr
ic Titration
4500-Cl E
X
DPD Ferrous
Titrimetric
4500-Cl F
X
X
X
DPD
Colorimetric
4500-Cl G
X
X
X
Syringaldazi
ne (FACTS)
4500-Cl H
X
Iodometric
Electrode
4500-Cl I
X
DPD 4500-ClO
2
D
X
Amperometr
ic Method II
4500-ClO
2
E
X
1
X indicates method is approved for measuring specified disinfectant
residual.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.131(c) (1998).
Methodology Standard
Method
ASTM
Method
Residual Measured
1
Amperometric
Titration
4500-Cl D D 1253-86 Free chlorine,
Combined chlorine,
Total chlorine
Low Level
Amperometric
Titration
4500-Cl E
Total chlorine
DPD Ferrous
Titrimetric
4500-Cl F
Free chlorine,
Combined chlorine,
Total chlorine
DPD Colorimetric 4500-Cl G
Free chlorine,
Combined chlorine,
Total chlorine
Syringaldazine
(FACTS)
4500-Cl H
Free chlorine
69
Iodometric
Electrode
4500-Cl I
Total chlorine
DPD 4500-ClO
2 D
Chlorine dioxide
Amperometric
Method II
4500-ClO
2 E
Chlorine dioxide
1
The listed method is approved for measuring specified disinfectant
residual.
2) If approved by the Agency, systems a supplier may also measure residual
disinfectant concentrations for chlorine, chloramines, and chlorine dioxide
by using DPD colorimetric test kits.
3) A party approved by USEPA or the Agency shall must measure residual
disinfectant concentration.
d) Systems
A supplier required to analyze parameters not included in subsections (b)
and (c) of this Section shall must use the methods listed below. A party approved
by USEPA or the Agency shall must measure these parameters.
1) Alkalinity. All methods allowed in Section 611.611 (a) (21) 611.611(a)(21)
for measuring alkalinity,
2) Bromide. USEPA Method 300.0 or USEPA Method 300.1,
3) Total Organic Carbon (TOC). Standard Method 5310 B (High-Temperature
Combustion Method), Standard Method 5310 C (Persulfate-Ultraviolet or
Heated-Persulfate Oxidation Method), or Standard Method 5310 D
(Wet-Oxidation Method). TOC samples may not be filtered prior to
analysis. TOC samples must either be analyzed or must be acidified to
achieve pH less than 2.0 by minimal addition of phosphoric or sulfuric acid
as soon as practical after sampling, not to exceed 24 hours. Acidified TOC
samples must be analyzed within 28 days,
4) Specific Ultraviolet Absorbance (SUVA). SUVA is equal to the UV
absorption at 254nm 254 nm (UV
254) (measured in m-
1
m
-1
) divided by the
dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration (measured as mg/L). In
order to determine SUVA, it is necessary to separately measure UV
254 and
DOC. When determining SUVA, systems a supplier must use the methods
stipulated in subsection (d)(4)(A) of this Section to measure DOC and the
method stipulated in subsection (d)(4)(B) of this Section to measure UV
254.
SUVA must be determined on water prior to the addition of
disinfectants/oxidants by the system supplier. DOC and UV
254 samples used
to determine a SUVA value must be taken at the same time and at the same
location,
70
A) Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC). Standard Method 5310 B (High-
Temperature Combustion Method), Standard Method 5310 C
(Persulfate-Ultraviolet or Heated-Persulfate Oxidation Method), or
Standard Method 5310 D (Wet-Oxidation Method). Prior to
analysis, DOC samples must be filtered through a 0.45
µ
m
pore-diameter filter. Water passed through the filter prior to
filtration of the sample must serve as the filtered blank. This filtered
blank must be analyzed using procedures identical to those used for
analysis of the samples and must meet the following standards:
DOC < 0.5 mg/L. DOC samples must be filtered through the 0.45
µ
m pore-diameter filter prior to acidification. DOC samples must
either be analyzed or must be acidified to achieve pH less than 2.0
by minimal addition of phosphoric or sulfuric acid as soon as
practical after sampling, not to exceed 48 hours. Acidified DOC
samples must be analyzed within 28 days, and
B) Ultraviolet Absorption at 254 nm (UV
fffff4). Method 5910 B
(Ultraviolet Absorption Method). UV absorption must be measured
at 253.7 nm (may be rounded off to 254 nm). Prior to analysis,
UV
254 samples must be filtered through a 0.45
µ
m pore-diameter
filter. The pH of UV
254 samples may not be adjusted. Samples must
be analyzed as soon as practical after sampling, not to exceed 48
hours, and
5) pH. All methods allowed in Section 611.611 (a) (17) for measuring pH.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.131 (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 3770
(January 16, 2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.382 Monitoring Requirements
a) General requirements.
1) Systems
shall A supplier must take all samples during normal operating
conditions.
2) Systems
A supplier may consider multiple wells drawing water from a
single aquifer as one treatment plant for determining the minimum number
of TTHM and HAA5 samples required with Agency approval.
3) Failure to monitor in accordance with the monitoring plan required under
subsection (f) of this Section is a monitoring violation.
4) Where compliance is based on a running annual average of monthly or
71
quarterly samples or averages and the system’s supplier’s failure to monitor
makes it impossible to determine compliance with MCLs or MRDLs, this
failure to monitor will be treated as a violation for the entire period covered
by the annual average.
5) Systems
shall A supplier must use only data collected under the provisions
of this Subpart or under the Information Collection Rule (40 CFR 141
Subpart M ) to qualify for reduced monitoring.
b) Monitoring requirements for disinfection byproducts (DBPs).
1) TTHMs and HAA5.
A) Routine monitoring. Systems shall A supplier must monitor at the
frequency indicated in the following table:
Routine Monitoring Frequency for TTHM and HAA5
Type of system Minimum
monitoring
frequency
Sample location in the
distribution system
Subpart B system serving
10,000 or more persons.
Four water samples per
quarter per treatment plant.
At least 25 percent of all
samples collected each quarter
at locations representing
maximum residence time.
Remaining samples taken at
locations representative of at
least average residence time in
the distribution system and
representing the entire
distribution system, taking
into account number of
persons served, different
sources of water, and different
treatment methods.
1
Subpart B system serving
from 500 to 9,999 persons.
One water sample per quarter
per treatment plant.
Locations representing
maximum residence time.
1
Subpart B system serving
fewer than 500 persons.
One sample per year per
treatment plant during month
of warmest water temperature.
Locations representing
maximum residence time.
1
If
the sample (or average of
annual samples, if more than
one sample is taken) exceeds
MCL, system must increase
monitoring to one sample per
treatment plant per quarter,
72
taken at a point reflecting the
maximum residence time in
the distribution system, until
system meets reduced
monitoring standards in
Section 611.382(b)(1)(D).
System using only
groundwater not under direct
influence of surface water
using chemical disinfectant
and serving 10,000 or more
persons.
One water sample per quarter
per treatment plant
2
.
Locations representing
maximum residence time.
1
System using only
groundwater not under direct
influence of surface water
using chemical disinfectant
and serving fewer than 10,000
persons.
One sample per year per
treatment plant
2
during month
of warmest water temperature.
Locations representing
maximum residence time.
1
If
the sample (or average of
annual samples, if more than
one sample is taken) exceeds
MCL, system must increase
monitoring to one sample per
treatment plant per quarter,
taken at a point reflecting the
maximum residence time in
the distribution system, until
system meets standards in
Section 611.382(b)(1)(D) for
reduced monitoring.
1
If a system elects to sample more frequently than the minimum required, at least 25 percent of all
samples collected each quarter (including those taken in excess of the required frequency) must be
taken at locations that represent the maximum residence time of the water in the distribution
system. The remaining samples must be taken at locations representative of at least average
residence time in the distribution system.
2
Multiple wells drawing water from a single aquifer may be considered one treatment plant for
determining the minimum number of samples required with Agency approval.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.132(b) (1998) (2000).
Routine Monitoring Frequency for TTHM and HAA5
Type of supplier Minimum
monitoring
frequency
Sample location in
the distribution
system
Subpart B system
Four water samples
At least 25 percent
73
supplier serving
10,000 or more
persons.
per quarter per
treatment plant.
of all samples
collected each
quarter at locations
representing
maximum residence
time. Remaining
samples taken at
locations
representative of at
least average
residence time in the
distribution system
and representing the
entire distribution
system, taking into
account number of
persons served,
different sources of
water, and different
treatment methods.
1
Subpart B system
supplier serving
from 500 to 9,999
persons.
One water sample
per quarter per
treatment plant.
Locations
representing
maximum residence
time.
1
Subpart B system
supplier serving
fewer than 500
persons.
One sample per year
per treatment plant
during month of
warmest water
temperature.
Locations
representing
maximum residence
time.
1
If the sample
(or average of
annual samples, if
more than one
sample is taken)
exceeds the MCL,
the supplier must
increase monitoring
to one sample per
treatment plant per
quarter, taken at a
point reflecting the
maximum residence
time in the
distribution system,
until the supplier
meets the standards
in subsection
74
(b)(1)(D) of this
Section.
A supplier using
only groundwater
not under direct
influence of surface
water using
chemical
disinfectant and
serving 10,000 or
more persons.
One water sample
per quarter per
treatment plant.
2
Locations
representing
maximum residence
time.
1
A supplier using
only groundwater
not under direct
influence of surface
water using
chemical
disinfectant and
serving fewer than
10,000 persons.
One sample per year
per treatment plant
2
during month of
warmest water
temperature.
Locations
representing
maximum residence
time.
1
If the sample
(or average of
annual samples, if
more than one
sample is taken)
exceeds MCL, the
supplier must
increase monitoring
to one sample per
treatment plant per
quarter, taken at a
point reflecting the
maximum residence
time in the
distribution system,
until the supplier
meets standards in
subsection (b)(1)(D)
of this Section.
1
If a supplier elects to sample more frequently than the minimum
required, at least 25 percent of all samples collected each quarter
(including those taken in excess of the required frequency) must be
taken at locations that represent the maximum residence time of the
water in the distribution system. The remaining samples must be
taken at locations representative of at least average residence time
in the distribution system.
2
Multiple wells drawing water from a single aquifer may be
considered one treatment plant for determining the minimum
number of samples required, with Agency approval.
75
B) Systems
A supplier may reduce monitoring, except as otherwise
provided, in accordance with the following table:
Reduced Monitoring Frequency for TTHM and HAA5
If you are a . . .
You may reduce monitoring if
you have monitored at least
one year and your . . .
To this level
Subpart B system serving
10,000 or more persons which
has a source water annual
average TOC level, before any
treatment,
≤
4.0 mg/L.
TTHM annual average
≤
0.040
mg/L and HAA5 annual
average
≤
0.030 mg/L.
One sample per treatment
plant per quarter at
distribution system location
reflecting maximum residence
time.
Subpart B system serving
from 500 to 9,999 persons
which has a source water
annual average TOC level,
before any treatment,
≤
4.0
mg/L.
TTHM annual average
≤
0.040
mg/L and HAA5 annual
average
≤
0.030 mg/L.
One sample per treatment
plant per year at distribution
system location reflecting
maximum residence time
during month of warmest
water temperature. NOTE:
Any Subpart B system serving
fewer than 500 persons may
not reduce its monitoring to
less than one sample per
treatment plant per year.
System using only
groundwater not under direct
influence of surface water
using chemical disinfectant
and serving 10,000 or more
persons.
TTHM annual average
≤
0.040
mg/L and HAA5 annual
average
≤
0.030 mg/L.
One sample per treatment
plant per year at distribution
system location reflecting
maximum residence time
during month of warmest
water temperature.
System using only
groundwater not under direct
influence of surface water
using chemical disinfectant
and serving fewer than 10,000
persons.
TTHM annual average
≤
0.040
mg/L and HAA5 annual
average
≤
0.030 mg/L for two
consecutive years OR TTHM
annual average
≤
0.020 mg/L
and HAA5 annual average
≤
0.015 mg/L for one year.
One sample per treatment
plant per three year
monitoring cycle at
distribution system location
reflecting maximum residence
time during month of warmest
water temperature, with the
three-year cycle beginning on
January 1 following quarter in
which system qualifies for
reduced monitoring.
76
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 132(c) (1998) (2000).
Reduced Monitoring Frequency for TTHM and HAA5
If you are a . . .
You may reduce
monitoring if you
have monitored at
least one year and
your . . .
To this level
Subpart B system
supplier serving
10,000 or more
persons that has a
source water annual
average TOC level,
before any
treatment,
≤
4.0
mg/L.
TTHM annual
average
≤
0.040
mg/L and HAA5
annual average
≤
0.030 mg/L.
One sample per
treatment plant per
quarter at
distribution system
location reflecting
maximum residence
time.
Subpart B system
supplier serving
from 500 to 9,999
persons that has a
source water annual
average TOC level,
before any
treatment,
≤
4.0
mg/L.
TTHM annual
average
≤
0.040
mg/L and HAA5
annual average
≤
0.030 mg/L.
One sample per
treatment plant per
year at distribution
system location
reflecting maximum
residence time
during month of
warmest water
temperature. NOTE:
Any Subpart B
system supplier
serving fewer than
500 persons may not
reduce its
monitoring to less
than one sample per
treatment plant per
year.
77
A supplier using
only groundwater
not under direct
influence of surface
water using
chemical
disinfectant and
serving 10,000 or
more persons.
TTHM annual
average
≤
0.040
mg/L and HAA5
annual average
≤
0.030 mg/L.
One sample per
treatment plant per
year at distribution
system location
reflecting maximum
residence time
during month of
warmest water
temperature.
A supplier using
only groundwater
not under direct
influence of surface
water using
chemical
disinfectant and
serving fewer than
10,000 persons.
TTHM annual
average
≤
0.040
mg/L and HAA5
annual average
≤
0.030 mg/L for two
consecutive years or
TTHM annual
average
≤
0.020
mg/L and HAA5
annual average
≤
0.015 mg/L for one
year.
One sample per
treatment plant per
three year
monitoring cycle at
distribution system
location reflecting
maximum residence
time during month
of warmest water
temperature, with
the three-year cycle
beginning on
January 1 following
quarter in which the
supplier qualifies for
reduced monitoring.
C) Systems
A supplier on a reduced monitoring schedule may remain
on that reduced schedule as long as the average of all samples taken
in the year (for systems which a supplier that must monitor
quarterly) or the result of the sample (for systems which a supplier
that must monitor no more frequently than annually) is no more than
0.060 mg/L and 0.045 mg/L for TTHMs and HAA5, respectively.
Systems A supplier that do does not meet these levels shall must
resume monitoring at the frequency identified in subsection
(b)(1)(A) of this Section (minimum monitoring frequency column)
in the quarter immediately following the quarter monitoring period
in which the system supplier exceeds 0.060 mg/L for TTHMs and or
0.045 mg/L for TTHMs and HAA5, respectively. For systems a
supplier using only groundwater not under the direct influence of
surface water and serving fewer than 10,000 persons, if either the
TTHM annual average is
≥
>0.080 mg/L or the HAA5 annual
average is
≥
>0.060 mg/L, the system supplier must go to increased
monitoring identified in subsection (b)(1)(A) of this Section
(sample location column) in the quarter immediately following the
monitoring period in which the supplier exceeds 0.080 mg/L for
TTHMs or 0.060 mg/L for HAA5.
78
D) Systems
A supplier on increased monitoring may return to routine
monitoring if, after at least one year of monitoring, the its TTHM
annual average is
≤
0.040
≤
0.060 mg/L and the its HAA5 annual
average is
≤
0.030
≤
0.045 mg/L.
E) The Agency may return a system supplier to routine monitoring.
2) Chlorite. Community and nontransient noncommunity water systems A
CWS or NTNCWS supplier using chlorine dioxide, for disinfection or
oxidation, shall must conduct monitoring for chlorite.
A) Routine monitoring.
i) Daily monitoring. Systems shall A supplier must take daily
samples at the entrance to the distribution system. For any
daily sample that exceeds the chlorite MCL, the system shall
supplier must take additional samples in the distribution
system the following day at the locations required by
subsection (b)(2)(B) of this Section, in addition to the sample
required at the entrance to the distribution system.
ii) Monthly monitoring. Systems shall A supplier must take a
three-sample set each month in the distribution system. The
system supplier must take one sample at each of the
following locations: near the first customer, at a location
representative of average residence time, and at a location
reflecting maximum residence time in the distribution
system. Any additional routine sampling must be conducted
in the same manner (as three-sample sets, at the specified
locations). The system supplier may use the results of
additional monitoring conducted under subsection (b)(2)(B)
of this Section to meet the requirement for monitoring in this
subsection (b)(2)(A)(ii).
B) Additional monitoring. On each day following a routine sample
monitoring result that exceeds the chlorite MCL at the entrance to
the distribution system, the system shall supplier must take three
chlorite distribution system samples at the following locations: as
close to the first customer as possible, in a location representative of
average residence time, and as close to the end of the distribution
system as possible (reflecting maximum residence time in the
distribution system).
C) Reduced monitoring.
79
i) Chlorite monitoring at the entrance to the distribution system
required by subsection (b)(2)(A)(i) of this Section may not
be reduced.
ii) Chlorite monitoring in the distribution system required by
subsection (b)(2)(A)(ii) of this Section may be reduced to
one three-sample set per quarter after one year of monitoring
where no individual chlorite sample taken in the distribution
system under subsection (b)(2)(A)(ii) of this Section has
exceeded the chlorite MCL and the system supplier has not
been required to conduct monitoring under subsection
(b)(2)(B) of this Section. The system supplier may remain
on the reduced monitoring schedule until either any of the
three individual chlorite samples taken quarterly in the
distribution system under subsection (b)(2)(A)(ii) of this
Section exceeds the chlorite MCL or the system supplier is
required to conduct monitoring under subsection (b)(2)(B) of
this Section, at which time the system shall supplier must
revert to routine monitoring.
3) Bromate.
A) Routine monitoring. Community and nontransient noncommunity
systems A CWS or NTNCWS supplier using ozone, for disinfection
or oxidation, shall must take one sample per month for each
treatment plant in the system using ozone. Systems shall A supplier
must take samples monthly at the entrance to the distribution system
while the ozonation system is operating under normal conditions.
B) Reduced monitoring. Systems A supplier required to analyze for
bromate may reduce monitoring from monthly to once per quarter, if
the system supplier demonstrates that the average source water
bromide concentration is less than 0.05 mg/L based upon
representative monthly bromide measurements for one year. The
system supplier may remain on reduced bromate monitoring until
the running annual average source water bromide concentration,
computed quarterly, is equal to or greater than 0.05 mg/L based
upon representative monthly measurements. If the running annual
average source water bromide concentration is equal to or greater
than 0.05 mg/L, the system shall supplier must resume routine
monitoring required by subsection (b)(3)(A) of this Section.
c) Monitoring requirements for disinfectant residuals.
1) Chlorine and chloramines.
80
A) Routine monitoring. Community and nontransient noncommunity
systems A CWS or NTNCWS supplier that use uses chlorine or
chloramines shall must measure the residual disinfectant level in the
distribution system at the same points point in the distribution
system and at the same time as total coliforms are sampled, as
specified in Section 611.521. A Subpart B system supplier may use
the results of residual disinfectant concentration sampling conducted
under Section 611.532 for unfiltered systems or Section 611.533 for
systems that filter, in lieu of taking separate samples.
B) Reduced monitoring. Monitoring may not be reduced.
2) Chlorine dioxide.
A) Routine monitoring. Community, nontransient noncommunity, and
transient noncommunity water systems A CWS, an NTNCWS, or a
transient non-CWS supplier that use uses chlorine dioxide for
disinfection or oxidation shall must take daily samples at the
entrance to the distribution system. For any daily sample that
exceeds the MRDL, the system shall supplier must take samples in
the distribution system the following day at the locations required by
subsection (c)(2)(B) of this Section, in addition to the sample
required at the entrance to the distribution system.
B) Additional monitoring. On each day following a routine sample
monitoring result that exceeds the MRDL, the system shall supplier
must take three chlorine dioxide distribution system samples. If
chlorine dioxide or chloramines are used to maintain a disinfectant
residual in the distribution system, or if chlorine is used to maintain
a disinfectant residual in the distribution system and there are no
disinfection addition points after the entrance to the distribution
system (i.e., no booster chlorination), the system shall supplier must
take three samples as close to the first customer as possible, at
intervals of at least six hours. If chlorine is used to maintain a
disinfectant residual in the distribution system and there are one or
more disinfection addition points after the entrance to the
distribution system (i.e., booster chlorination), the system shall
supplier must take one sample at each of the following locations: as
close to the first customer as possible, in a location representative of
average residence time, and as close to the end of the distribution
system as possible (reflecting maximum residence time in the
distribution system).
C) Reduced monitoring. Monitoring may not be reduced.
d) Monitoring requirements for disinfection byproduct (DBP) precursors.
81
1) Routine monitoring. A Subpart B system supplier that uses conventional
filtration treatment (as defined in Section 611.101) shall must monitor each
treatment plant for TOC not past the point of combined filter effluent
turbidity monitoring and representative of the treated water. All systems A
supplier required to monitor under this subsection (d)(1) shall must also
monitor for TOC in the source water prior to any treatment at the same time
as monitoring for TOC in the treated water. These samples (source water
and treated water) are referred to as paired samples. At the same time as the
source water sample is taken, all systems shall a system must monitor for
alkalinity in the source water prior to any treatment. Systems A supplier
must take one paired sample and one source water alkalinity sample per
month per plant at a time representative of normal operating conditions and
influent water quality.
2) Reduced monitoring. A Subpart B system supplier with an average treated
water TOC of less than 2.0 mg/L for two consecutive years, or less than 1.0
mg/L for one year, may reduce monitoring for both TOC and alkalinity to
one paired sample and one source water alkalinity sample per plant per
quarter. The system shall supplier must revert to routine monitoring in the
month following the quarter when the annual average treated water TOC
≥
2.0 mg/L.
e) Bromide. Systems A supplier required to analyze for bromate may reduce bromate
monitoring from monthly to once per quarter, if the system supplier demonstrates
that the average source water bromide concentration is less than 0.05 mg/L based
upon representative monthly measurements for one year. The system shall supplier
must continue bromide monitoring to remain on reduced bromate monitoring.
f) Monitoring plans. Each system supplier required to monitor under this Subpart
shall must develop and implement a monitoring plan. The system shall supplier
must maintain the plan and make it available for inspection by the Agency and the
general public no later than 30 days following the applicable compliance dates in
Section 611.380(b). A Subpart B system supplier serving more than 3,300 persons
shall must submit a copy of the monitoring plan to the Agency no later than the date
of the first report required under Section 611.384. After review, the Agency may
require changes in any plan elements. The plan must include at least the following
elements:
1) Specific locations and schedules for collecting samples for any parameters
included in this Subpart I;
2) How the system supplier will calculate compliance with MCLs, MRDLs,
and treatment techniques; and
3) If approved for monitoring as a consecutive system, or if providing water to
82
a consecutive system, under the provisions of Section 611.500, the sampling
plan must reflect the entire distribution system.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.132 (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 3770
(January 16, 2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.383 Compliance Requirements
a) General requirements.
1) Where compliance is based on a running annual average of monthly or
quarterly samples or averages and the system supplier fails to monitor for
TTHM, HAA5, or bromate, this failure to monitor will be treated as a
monitoring violation for the entire period covered by the annual average.
Where compliance is based on a running annual average of monthly or
quarterly samples or averages and the system’s supplier’s failure to monitor
makes it impossible to determine compliance with the MRDL for chlorine
or chloramines, this failure to monitor will be treated as a monitoring
violation for the entire period covered by the annual average.
2) All samples taken and analyzed under the provisions of this Subpart must be
included in determining compliance, even if that number is greater than the
minimum required.
3) If, during the first year of monitoring under Section 611.382, any individual
quarter’s average will cause the running annual average of that system
supplier to exceed the MCL, the system supplier is out of compliance at the
end of that quarter.
b) Disinfection byproducts (DBPs).
1) TTHMs and HAA5.
A) For
systems
a supplier monitoring quarterly, compliance with MCLs
in Section 611.312 must be based on a running annual arithmetic
average, computed quarterly, of quarterly arithmetic averages of all
samples collected by the system supplier as prescribed by Section
611.382(b)(1).
B) For
systems
a supplier monitoring less frequently than quarterly,
systems demonstrate the supplier demonstrates MCL compliance if
the average of samples taken that year under the provisions of
Section 611.382(b)(1) does not exceed the MCLs in Section
611.312. If the average of these samples exceed exceeds the MCL,
83
the system supplier must increase monitoring to once per quarter per
treatment plant, and such a system is not in violation of the MCL
until it has completed one year of quarterly monitoring, unless the
result of fewer than four quarters of monitoring will cause the
running annual average to exceed the MCL, in which case the
system supplier is in violation at the end of that quarter. Systems A
supplier required to increase to quarterly monitoring must calculate
compliance by including the sample that triggered the increased
monitoring plus the following three quarters of monitoring.
C) If the running annual arithmetic average of quarterly averages
covering any consecutive four-quarter period exceeds the MCL,
the system supplier is in violation of the MCL and must notify the
public pursuant to Subpart V of this Part in addition to reporting to
the Agency pursuant to Section 611.384.
D) If a PWS fails to complete four consecutive quarter’s monitoring,
compliance with the MCL for the last four-quarter compliance
period must be based on an average of the available data.
2) Bromate. Compliance must be based on a running annual arithmetic
average, computed quarterly, of monthly samples (or, for months in which
the system supplier takes more than one sample, the average of all samples
taken during the month) collected by the system supplier, as prescribed by
Section 611.382(b)(3). If the average of samples covering any consecutive
four-quarter period exceeds the MCL, the system supplier is in violation of
the MCL and must notify the public pursuant to Subpart V of this Part, in
addition to reporting to the Agency pursuant to Section 611.384. If a PWS
supplier fails to complete twelve 12 consecutive months’ monitoring,
compliance with the MCL for the last four-quarter compliance period must
be based on an average of the available data.
3) Chlorite. Compliance must be based on an arithmetic average of each three
sample set taken in the distribution system as prescribed by Section
611.382(b)(2)(A)(ii) and Section 611.382(b)(2)(B). If the arithmetic
average of any three sample set exceeds the MCL, the system supplier is in
violation of the MCL and must notify the public pursuant to Subpart V of
this Part, in addition to reporting to the Agency pursuant to Section 611.384.
c) Disinfectant residuals.
1) Chlorine and chloramines.
A) Compliance must be based on a running annual arithmetic average,
computed quarterly, of monthly averages of all samples collected by
the system supplier under Section 611.382(c)(1). If the average of
84
quarterly averages covering any consecutive four-quarter period
exceeds the MRDL, the system supplier is in violation of the MRDL
and must notify the public pursuant to Subpart V of this Part, in
addition to reporting to the Agency pursuant to Section 611.384.
B) In cases where systems switch a supplier switches between the use
of chlorine and chloramines for residual disinfection during the year,
compliance must be determined by including together all monitoring
results of both chlorine and chloramines in calculating compliance.
Reports submitted pursuant to Section 611.384 must clearly indicate
which residual disinfectant was analyzed for each sample.
2) Chlorine dioxide.
A) Acute violations. Compliance must be based on consecutive daily
samples collected by the system supplier under Section
611.382(c)(2). If any daily sample taken at the entrance to the
distribution system exceeds the MRDL, and on the following day
one (or more) of the three samples taken in the distribution system
exceeds the MRDL, the system supplier is in violation of the MRDL
and must take immediate corrective action to lower the level of
chlorine dioxide below the MRDL and must notify the public
pursuant to the procedures for acute health risks in Subpart V of this
Part, in addition to reporting to the Agency pursuant to Section
611.384. Failure to take samples in the distribution system the day
following an exceedence of the chlorine dioxide MRDL at the
entrance to the distribution system will also be considered an MRDL
violation and the system supplier must notify the public of the
violation in accordance with the provisions for acute violations
under Subpart V of this Part, in addition to reporting to the Agency
pursuant to Section 611.384.
B) Nonacute violations. Compliance must be based on consecutive
daily samples collected by the system supplier under Section
611.382(c)(2). If any two consecutive daily samples taken at the
entrance to the distribution system exceed the MRDL and all
distribution system samples taken are below the MRDL, the system
supplier is in violation of the MRDL and must take corrective action
to lower the level of chlorine dioxide below the MRDL at the point
of sampling and must notify the public pursuant to the procedures
for nonacute health risks in Subpart V of this Part, in addition to
reporting to the Agency pursuant to Section 611.384. Failure to
monitor at the entrance to the distribution system the day following
an exceedence of the chlorine dioxide MRDL at the entrance to the
distribution system is also an MRDL violation and the system
supplier must notify the public of the violation in accordance with
85
the provisions for nonacute violations under Subpart V of this Part,
in addition to reporting to the Agency pursuant to Section 611.384.
d) Disinfection byproduct (DBP) precursors. Compliance must be determined as
specified by Section 611.385(c). Systems A supplier may begin monitoring to
determine whether Step 1 TOC removals can be met twelve 12 months prior to the
compliance date for the system supplier. This monitoring is not required and failure
to monitor during this period is not a violation. However, any system supplier that
does not monitor during this period, and then determines in the first twelve 12
months after the compliance date that it is not able to meet the Step 1 requirements
in Section 611.141(b)(2) and must therefore apply for alternate minimum TOC
removal (Step 2) requirements, is not eligible for retroactive approval of alternate
minimum TOC removal (Step 2) requirements as allowed pursuant to Section
611.385(b)(3) and is in violation of an NPDWR. Systems A supplier may apply for
alternate minimum TOC removal (Step 2) requirements any time after the
compliance date. For systems a supplier required to meet Step 1 TOC removals, if
the value calculated under Section 611.385(c)(1)(D) is less than 1.00, the system
supplier is in violation of the treatment technique requirements and must notify
the public pursuant to Subpart V of this Part, in addition to reporting to the
Agency pursuant to Section 611.384.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.133 (1999), as amended at 65 Fed. Reg. 26022, May
4, 2000 (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 3770 (January 16, 2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.384 Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements
a) Systems
A supplier required to sample quarterly or more frequently shall must
report to the Agency within ten days after the end of each quarter in which samples
were collected, notwithstanding the provisions of Section 611.840. Systems A
supplier required to sample less frequently than quarterly shall must report to the
Agency within ten days after the end of each monitoring period in which samples
were collected.
b) Disinfection byproducts (DBPs). Systems shall A supplier must report the
information specified in the following table:
If you are a supplier is a . . .
You The supplier must report...
1
(1) System Supplier monitoring for
TTHMs and HAA5 under the
requirements of Section 611.382(b) on a
quarterly or more frequent basis.
(1A) The number of samples taken
during the last quarter.
(2B) The location, date, and result of
each sample taken during the last
quarter.
(3C) The arithmetic average of all
86
samples taken in the last quarter.
(4D) The annual arithmetic average of
the quarterly arithmetic averages of this
Section for the last four quarters.
(5E) Whether, based on Section
611.383(b)(1), the MCL was exceeded
violated.
(2) System Supplier monitoring for
TTHMs and HAA5 under the
requirements of Section 611.382(b) less
frequently than quarterly (but at least
annually).
(1A) The number of samples taken
during the last year.
(2B) The location, date, and result of
each sample taken during the last
monitoring period.
(3C) The arithmetic average of all
samples taken over the last year.
(4D) Whether, based on Section
611.383(b)(1), the MCL was exceeded
violated.
(3) System Supplier monitoring for
TTHMs and HAA5 under the
requirements of Section 611.382(b) less
frequently than annually.
(1A) The location, date, and result of the
last sample taken.
(2B) Whether, based on Section
611.383(b)(1), the MCL was exceeded
violated.
(4) System Supplier monitoring for
chlorite under the requirements of
Section 611.382(b).
(1A) The number of entry point samples
taken each month for the last three
months.
(2B) The location, date, and result of
each sample (both entry point and
distribution system) taken during the last
quarter.
(3C) For each month in the reporting
period, the arithmetic average of all
samples taken in the month each three-
sample set for all sample sets taken in
the distribution system.
(4D) Whether, based on Section
611.383(b)(3), the MCL was exceeded
violated, and in which month it was
exceeded violated, and how many times
it was violated in each month.
(5) System Supplier monitoring for
bromate under the requirements of
Section 611.382(b).
(1A) The number of samples taken
during the last quarter.
(2B) The location, date, and result of
87
each sample taken during the last
quarter.
(3C) The arithmetic average of the
monthly arithmetic averages of all
samples taken in the last year.
(4D) Whether, based on Section
611.383(b)(2), the MCL was exceeded
violated.
1
The Agency may choose to perform calculations and determine whether the MCL
was exceeded, in lieu of having the system supplier report that information.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.134(b) (1998).
c) Disinfectants. Systems shall A supplier must report the information specified in the
following table:
If you are a supplier is a . . .
You The supplier must report...
1
(1) System Supplier monitoring for
chlorine or chloramines under the
requirements of Section 611.382(c).
(1A) The number of samples taken
during each month of the last quarter.
(2B) The monthly arithmetic average of
all samples taken in each month for the
last twelve 12 months.
(3C) The arithmetic average of all
monthly averages for the last twelve 12
months.
(4D) Whether, based on Secton
611.383(c)(1), the MRDL was exceeded
violated.
(2) System Supplier monitoring for
chlorine dioxide under the requirements
of Section 611.382(c).
(1A) The dates, results, and locations of
samples taken during the last quarter.
(2B) Whether, based on Secton
611.383(c)(2), the MRDL was exceeded
violated.
(3C) Whether the MRDL was exceeded
in any two consecutive daily samples
and whether the resulting violation was
acute or nonacute.
1
The Agency may choose to perform calculations and determine whether the
MRDL was exceeded, in lieu of having the system supplier report that information.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.134(c) (1998).
88
d) Disinfection byproduct (DBP) precursors and enhanced coagulation or enhanced
softening. Systems shall A supplier must report the information specified in the
following table:
If you are a supplier is a . . .
You The supplier must report...
1
(1) System Supplier monitoring monthly
or quarterly for TOC under the
requirements of Section 611.382(d) and
required to meet the enhanced
coagulation or enhanced softening
requirements in Section 611.385(b)(2) or
(b)(3).
(1A) The number of paired (source water
and treated water, prior to continuous
disinfection) samples taken during the
last quarter.
(2B) The location, date, and result of
each paired sample and associated
alkalinity taken during the last quarter.
(3C) For each month in the reporting
period that paired samples were taken,
the arithmetic average of the percent
reduction of TOC for each paired sample
and the required TOC percent removal.
(4D) Calculations for determining
compliance with the TOC percent
removal requirements, as provided in
Section 611.385(c)(1).
(5E) Whether the system supplier is in
compliance with the enhanced
coagulation or enhanced softening
percent removal requirements in Section
611.385(b) for the last four quarters.
(2) System Supplier monitoring monthly
or quarterly for TOC under the
requirements of Section 611.382(d) and
meeting one or more of the alternative
compliance standards in Section
611.385(a)(2) or (a)(3).
(1A) The alternative compliance
criterion that the system supplier is
using.
(2B) The number of paired samples
taken during the last quarter.
(3C) The location, date, and result of
each paired sample and associated
alkalinity taken during the last quarter.
(4D) The running annual arithmetic
average based on monthly averages (or
quarterly samples) of source water TOC
for systems a supplier meeting a criterion
in Section 611.385(a)(2)(A) or (a)(2)(C)
or of treated water TOC for systems a
supplier meeting the criterion in Section
611.385(a)(2)(B).
(5E) The running annual arithmetic
average based on monthly averages (or
89
quarterly samples) of source water
SUVA for systems a supplier meeting
the criterion in Section 611.385(a)(2)(E)
or of treated water SUVA for systems a
supplier meeting the criterion in Section
611.385(a)(2)(F).
(6F) The running annual average of
source water alkalinity for systems a
supplier meeting the criterion in Section
611.385(a)(2)(C) and of treated water
alkalinity for systems a supplier meeting
the criterion in Section 611.385(a)(3)(A).
(7G) The running annual average for
both TTHM and HAA5 for systems a
supplier meeting the criterion in Section
611.385(a)(2)(C) or (D).
(8H) The running annual average of the
amount of magnesium hardness removal
(as CaCO
3 in mg/L) for systems a
supplier meeting the criterion in Section
611.385(a)(3)(B).
(9I) Whether the systems supplier is in
compliance with the particular
alternative compliance criterion in
Section 611.385(a)(2) or (3).
1
The Agency may choose to perform calculations and determine whether the
treatment technique was met, in lieu of having the system supplier report that
information.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.134(d) (1998).
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.134 (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 3770
(January 16, 2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.385 Treatment Technique for Control of Disinfection Byproduct (DBP)
Precursors
a) Applicability.
1) A Subpart B system supplier using conventional filtration treatment (as
defined in Section 611.101) shall must operate with enhanced coagulation
or enhanced softening to achieve the TOC percent removal levels specified
in subsection (b) of this Section unless the system supplier meets at least one
90
of the alternative compliance standards listed in subsection (a)(2) or (a)(3)
of this Section.
2) Alternative compliance standards for enhanced coagulation and enhanced
softening systems. A Subpart B system supplier using conventional
filtration treatment may use the alternative compliance standards in
subsections (a)(2)(A) through (a)(2)(F) of this Section to comply with this
Section in lieu of complying with subsection (b). Systems A supplier shall
must comply with monitoring requirements in Section 611.382(d) of this
Part.
A) The
system’s
supplier’s source water TOC level, measured
according to Section 611.381(d)(3), is less than 2.0 mg/L, calculated
quarterly as a running annual average.
B) The
system’s
supplier’s treated water TOC level, measured
according to Section 611.381(d)(3), is less than 2.0 mg/L, calculated
quarterly as a running annual average.
C) The
system’s supplier’s source water TOC level, measured as
required by according to Section 611.381(d)(3), is less than 4.0
mg/L, calculated quarterly as a running annual average; the source
water alkalinity, measured according to Section 611.381(d)(1), is
greater than 60 mg/L (as CaCO
3), calculated quarterly as a running
annual average; and either the TTHM and HAA5 running annual
averages are no greater than 0.040 mg/L and 0.030 mg/L,
respectively; or prior to the effective date for compliance in Section
611.380(b), the system has made a clear and irrevocable financial
commitment, not later than the effective date for compliance in
Section 611.380(b), to use technologies that will limit the levels of
TTHMs and HAA5 to no more than 0.040 mg/L and 0.030 mg/L,
respectively. Systems shall A supplier must submit evidence of a
clear and irrevocable financial commitment, in addition to a
schedule containing milestones and periodic progress reports for
installation and operation of appropriate technologies, to the Agency
for approval not later than the effective date for compliance in
Section 611.380(b). These technologies must be installed and
operating not later than June 30, 2005. Failure to install and operate
these technologies by the date in the approved schedule will
constitute a violation of a an NPDWR.
D) The TTHM and HAA5 running annual averages are no greater than
0.040 mg/L and 0.030 mg/L, respectively, and the system supplier
uses only chlorine for primary disinfection and maintenance of a
residual in the distribution system.
91
E) The
system’s
supplier’s source water SUVA, prior to any treatment
and measured monthly according to Section 611.381(d)(4), is less
than or equal to 2.0 L/mg-m, calculated quarterly as a running
annual average.
F) The
system’s
supplier’s finished water SUVA, measured monthly
according to Section 611.381(d)(4), is less than or equal to 2.0
L/mg-m, calculated quarterly as a running annual average.
3) Additional alternative compliance standards for softening systems. Systems
A supplier practicing enhanced softening that cannot achieve the TOC
removals required by subsection (b)(2) of this Section may use the
alternative compliance standards in subsections (a)(3)(A) and (a)(3)(B) of
this Section in lieu of complying with subsection (b) of this Section.
Systems shall A supplier must comply with monitoring requirements in
Section 611.382(d). The alternative compliance standards are as follows:
A) Softening
The supplier may undertake softening that results in
lowering the treated water alkalinity to less than 60 mg/L (as
CaCO
3), measured monthly according to Section 611.381(d)(1) and
calculated quarterly as a running annual average.
B) Softening
The supplier may undertake softening that results in
removing at least 10 mg/L of magnesium hardness (as CaCO
3),
measured monthly and calculated quarterly as an annual running
average.
b) Enhanced coagulation and enhanced softening performance requirements.
1) Systems
shall A supplier must achieve the percent reduction of TOC
specified in subsection (b)(2) of this Section between the source water and
the combined filter effluent, unless the Agency approves a system’s
supplier’s request for alternate minimum TOC removal (Step 2)
requirements under subsection (b)(3) of this Section.
2) Required Step 1 TOC reductions, indicated in the following table, are based
upon specified source water parameters measured in accordance with
Section 611.381(d). Systems A supplier practicing softening shall must
meet the Step 1 TOC reductions in the far-right column (source water
alkalinity >120 mg/L) for the specified source water TOC:
Step 1 Required Removal of TOC by Enhanced Coagulation and Enhanced
Softening for a Subpart B System Supplier Using Conventional Treatment
1,2
Source-water
TOC, mg/L
Source-water alkalinity, mg/L as CaCO
3
92
0-60
>60-120
>120
3
>2.0-4.0 35.0%
25.0% 15.0%
>4.0-8.0 45.0%
35.0% 25.0%
>8.0 50.0%
40.0%
30.0%
1
Systems A supplier meeting at least one of the conditions in subsections
(a)(2)(A) through (a)(2)(F) of this Section are not required to operate with
enhanced coagulation.
2
Softening systems meeting one of the alternative compliance standards in
subsection (a)(3) of this Section are not required to operate with enhanced
softening.
3
Systems A supplier practicing softening shall must meet the TOC
removal requirements in this column.
3) A Subpart B conventional treatment system supplier that cannot achieve the
Step 1 TOC removals required by subsection (b)(2) of this Section due to
water quality parameters or operational constraints must apply to the
Agency, within three months after failure to achieve the TOC removals
required by subsection (b)(2) of this Section, for approval of alternative
minimum TOC (Step 2) removal requirements submitted by the system
supplier. If the PWS cannot achieve the Step 1 TOC removal requirement
due to water quality parameters or operational constraints, the Agency
shall must approve the use of the Step 2 TOC removal requirement. If the
Agency approves the alternative minimum TOC removal (Step 2)
requirements, the Agency may make those requirements retroactive for the
purposes of determining compliance. Until the Agency approves the
alternate alternative minimum TOC removal (Step 2) requirements, the
system shall supplier must meet the Step 1 TOC removals contained in
subsection (b)(2) of this Section.
4) Alternate
Alternative minimum TOC removal (Step 2) requirements.
Applications An application made to the Agency by an enhanced
coagulation systems system supplier for approval of alternative minimum
TOC removal (Step 2) requirements under subsection (b)(3) of this Section
must include, at a minimum, results of bench- or pilot-scale testing
conducted under subsection (b)(4)(B) of this Section and. The submitted
bench- or pilot-scale testing must be used to determine the alternate
alternative enhanced coagulation level.
A) For the purposes of this Subpart, “Alternate alternative enhanced
coagulation level” is defined as coagulation at a coagulant dose and
pH as determined by the method described in subsections (b)(4)(A)
through (E) of this Section such that an incremental addition of 10
mg/L of alum (or equivalent amount of ferric salt) results in a TOC
93
removal of
≤
0.3 mg/L. The percent removal of TOC at this point on
the “TOC removal versus coagulant dose” curve is then defined as
the minimum TOC removal required for the system supplier. Once
approved by the Agency, this minimum requirement supersedes the
minimum TOC removal required by the table in subsection (b)(2) of
this Section. This requirement will be effective until such time as
the Agency approves a new value based on the results of a new
bench- and pilot-scale test. Failure to achieve alternative minimum
TOC removal levels is a violation of National Primary Drinking
Water Regulations.
B) Bench- or pilot-scale testing of enhanced coagulation must be
conducted by using representative water samples and adding 10
mg/L increments of alum (or equivalent amounts of ferric salt) until
the pH is reduced to a level less than or equal to the enhanced
coagulation Step 2 target pH shown in the following table:
Enhanced Coagulation Step 2 Target pH
Alkalinity (mg/L as CaCO
3) Target pH
0-60 5.5
>60-120 6.3
>120-240 7.0
>240 7.5
C) For waters with alkalinities of less than 60 mg/L for which addition
of small amounts of alum or equivalent addition of iron coagulant
drives the pH below 5.5 before significant TOC removal occurs, the
system shall supplier must add necessary chemicals to maintain the
pH between 5.3 and 5.7 in samples until the TOC removal of 0.3
mg/L per 10 mg/L alum added (or equivalent addition of iron
coagulant) is reached.
D) The
system
supplier may operate at any coagulant dose or pH
necessary (consistent with other NPDWRs) to achieve the minimum
TOC percent removal approved under subsection (b)(3) of this
Section.
E) If the TOC removal is consistently less than 0.3 mg/L of TOC per 10
mg/L of incremental alum dose at all dosages of alum (or equivalent
addition of iron coagulant), the water is deemed to contain TOC not
amenable to enhanced coagulation. The system supplier may then
apply to the Agency for a waiver of enhanced coagulation
requirements. If the TOC removal is consistently less than 0.3
mg/L of TOC per 10 mg/L of incremental alum dose at all dosages
94
of alum (or equivalent addition of iron coagulant), the Agency
shall must grant the waiver of enhanced coagulation requirements.
c) Compliance
calculations.
1)
A Subpart B system supplier other than those identified in subsection (a)(2)
or (a)(3) of this Section shall must comply with requirements contained in
subsection (b)(2) or (b)(3) of this Section. Systems shall A supplier must
calculate compliance quarterly, beginning after the system supplier has
collected 12 months of data, by determining an annual average using the
following method:
A)
Determine actual monthly TOC percent removal, equal to:
100
rTOC
sourcewate
erTOC
treatedwat
1
×
−
100
TOC
water
source
TOC
water
treated
1
×
−
B)
Determine the required monthly TOC percent removal.
C)
Divide the value in subsection (c)(1)(A) of this Section by the value
in subsection (c)(1)(B) of this Section.
D)
Add together the results of subsection (c)(1)(C) of this Section for
the last twelve 12 months and divide by twelve 12.
E)
If the value calculated in subsection (c)(1)(D) of this Section is less
than 1.00, the system supplier is not in compliance with the TOC
percent removal requirements.
2) Systems
A supplier may use the provisions in subsections (c)(2)(A) through
(c)(2)(E) of this Section in lieu of the calculations in subsection (c)(1)(A)
through (c)(1)(E) of this Section to determine compliance with TOC percent
removal requirements.
A)
In any month that the system’s supplier’s treated or source water
TOC level, measured according to Section 611.381(d)(3), is less
than 2.0 mg/L, the system supplier may assign a monthly value of
1.0 (in lieu of the value calculated in subsection (c)(1)(C) of this
Section) when calculating compliance under the provisions of
subsection (c)(1) of this Section.
B)
In any month that a system practicing softening removes at least 10
95
mg/L of magnesium hardness (as CaCO
3), the system supplier may
assign a monthly value of 1.0 (in lieu of the value calculated in
subsection (c)(1(C) of this Section) when calculating compliance
under the provisions of subsection (c)(1) of this Section.
C) In any month that the system’s source water SUVA, prior to any
treatment and measured according to Section 611.381(d)(4), is
≤
2.0
L/mg-m, the system supplier may assign a monthly value of 1.0 (in
lieu of the value calculated in subsection (c)(1)(C) of this Section)
when calculating compliance under the provisions of subsection
(c)(1) of this Section.
D) In any month that the system’s finished water SUVA, measured
according to Section 611.381(d)(4), is
≤
2.0 L/mg-m, the system
supplier may assign a monthly value of 1.0 (in lieu of the value
calculated in subsection (c)(1)(C) of this Section) when calculating
compliance under the provisions of subsection (c)(1) of this Section.
E) In any month that a system practicing enhanced softening lowers
alkalinity below 60 mg/L (as CaCO
3), the system supplier may
assign a monthly value of 1.0 (in lieu of the value calculated in
subsection (c)(1)(C) of this Section) when calculating compliance
under the provisions of subsection (c)(1) of this Section.
3) A Subpart B system supplier using conventional treatment may also comply
with the requirements of this Section by meeting the standards in subsection
(a)(2) or (a)(3) of this Section.
d) Treatment technique requirements for disinfection byproduct (DBP) precursors.
Treatment techniques to control the level of disinfection byproduct (DBP)
precursors in drinking water treatment and distribution systems, for a Subpart B
system supplier using conventional treatment, are enhanced coagulation or
enhanced softening.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.135 (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 3770
(January 16, 2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
SUBPART N: INORGANIC MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL
REQUIREMENTS
Section 611.600 Applicability
The following types of suppliers shall conduct monitoring to determine compliance with the old
96
MCLs in Section 611.300 and the revised MCLs in 611.301, as appropriate, in accordance with
this Subpart:
a) CWS suppliers.
b) NTNCWS suppliers.
c) Transient non-CWS suppliers to determine compliance with the nitrate and nitrite
MCLs.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.23 (preamble) (1995).
d) Detection limits. The following are detection limits for purposes of this Subpart
(MCLs from Section 611.301 are set forth for information purposes only):
Contaminant
MCL (mg/L,
except asbest-
os)
Method
Detection
Limit
(mg/L)
Antimony 0.006
Atomic absorption-furnace
technique
0.003
Atomic
absorption-furnace
technique (stabilized temperature)
0.0008
5
Inductively-coupled
plasma-mass
spectrometry
0.0004
Atomic
absorption-gaseous
hydride technique
0.001
Arsenic 0.01
6
Atomic absorption-furnace
technique
0.001
Atomic
absorption-furnace
technique (stabilized temperature)
0.00005
7
Atomic
absorption-gaseous
hydride technique
0.001
Inductively-coupled
plasma-mass
spectrometry
0.0014
8
Asbestos 7 MFL
1
Transmission electron microscopy 0.01 MFL
Barium 2
Atomic absorption-furnace
technique
0.002
Atomic
absorption-direct
aspiration technique
0.1
Inductively-coupled plasma arc
furnace
0.002
97
Inductively-coupled
plasma
0.001
Beryllium 0.004
Atomic absorption-furnace
technique
0.0002
Atomic
absorption-furnace
technique (stabilized temperature)
0.00002
5
Inductively-coupled
plasma
2
(using a 2x preconcentration step;
a lower MDL is possible using 4x
preconcentration)
0.0003
Inductively-coupled
plasma-mass
spectrometry
0.0003
Cadmium 0.005
Atomic absorption-furnace
technique
0.0001
Inductively-coupled
plasma
0.001
Chromium 0.1
Atomic absorption-furnace
technique
0.001
Inductively-coupled
plasma
0.007
Inductively-coupled
plasma
0.001
Cyanide 0.2
Distillation, spectrophotometric
3
(screening method for total
cyanides)
0.02
Automated
distillation,
spectrophotometric
3
(screening
method for total cyanides)
0.005
Distillation, selective electrode
3
(screening method for total
cyanides)
0.05
Distillation,
amenable,
spectrophotometric
4
(for free
cyanides)
0.02
Mercury
0.002
Manual cold vapor technique
0.0002
Automated cold vapor technique
0.0002
Nickel
No MCL
Atomic absorption-furnace
technique
0.001
Atomic
absorption-furnace
technique (stabilized temperature)
0.0006
5
98
Inductively-coupled
plasma
2
(using a 2x preconcentration step;
a lower MDL is possible using 4x
preconcentration)
0.005
Inductively-coupled
plasma-mass
spectrometry
0.0005
Nitrate (as N)
10
Manual cadmium reduction
0.01
Automated hydrazine reduction
0.01
Automated cadmium reduction
0.05
Ion-selective
electrode
1
Ion
chromatography
0.01
Nitrite (as N)
1
Spectrophotometric
0.01
Automated cadmium reduction
0.05
Manual cadmium reduction
0.01
Ion
chromatography
0.004
Selenium 0.05
Atomic absorption-furnace
technique
0.002
Atomic
absorption-gaseous
hydride technique
0.002
Thallium 0.002 Atomic absorption-furnace
technique
0.001
Atomic
absorption-furnace
technique (stabilized temperature)
0.0007
5
Inductively-coupled
plasma-mass
spectrometry
0.0003
Footnotes:
1 “MFL” means millions of fibers per liter less than 10
µ
m.
2 Using a 2
×
preconcentration step as noted in Method 200.7. Lower MDLs
may be achieved when using a 4
×
preconcentration.
3 Screening method for total cyanides.
4 Measures “free” cyanides.
5 Lower MDLs are reported using stabilized temperature graphite furnace
atomic absorbtion.
6 The value for arsenic is effective January 23, 2006. Until then, the MCL is
0.05 mg/L.
7 The MDL reported for USEPA Method 200.9 (atomic absorption-platform
furnace (stabilized temperature)) was determined using a 2
×
concentration
step during sample digestion. The MDL determined for samples analyzed
using direct analyses (i.e., no sample digestion) will be higher. Using
multiple depositions, USEPA Method 200.9 is capable of obtaining an MDL
of 0.0001 mg/L.
99
8 Using selective ion monitoring, USEPA Method 200.8 (ICP-MS) is capable of
obtaining an MDL of 0.0001 mg/L.
BOARD NOTE: Derived Subsections (a) through (c) of this Section are derived from 40 CFR
141.23 preamble (2000), and paragraph subsection (d) is derived from 40 CFR 141.23(a)(4)(i)
(1995) (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 6976 (January 22, 2001), 66 Fed. Reg. 16134 (March
23, 2001), and 66 Fed. Reg. 28342 (May 22, 2001). See the Board Note at Section 611.301(b)
relating to the MCL for nickel.
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.601 Monitoring Frequency
Monitoring must be conducted as follows:
a) Required sampling.
1) Each supplier must take a minimum of one sample at each sampling point
at the times required by Section 611.610 beginning in the initial
compliance period.
2) Each sampling point must produce samples that are representative of the
water from each source after treatment or from each treatment plant, as
required by subsection (b) of this Section. The total number of sampling
points must be representative of the water delivered to users throughout
the PWS.
3) The supplier must take each sample at the same sampling point unless
conditions make another sampling point more representative of each
source or treatment plant and the Agency has granted a an SEP pursuant to
subsection (b)(5) of this Section.
b) Sampling points.
1) Sampling points for GWSs. Unless otherwise provided by SEP, a GWS
supplier must take at least one sample from each of the following points:
each entry point that is representative of each well after treatment.
2) Sampling points for SWSs and mixed systems an SWS or a mixed system
supplier . Unless otherwise provided by SEP, a an SWS or mixed system
supplier must take at least one sample from each of the following points:
A) Each entry point after the application of treatment; or
B) A point in the distribution system that is representative of each
source after treatment.
100
3) If a system supplier draws water from more than one source, and the
sources are combined before distribution, the supplier must sample at an
entry point during periods of normal operating conditions when water is
representative of all sources being used.
4) Additional sampling points. The Agency must, by SEP, designate
additional sampling points in the distribution system or at the consumer’s
tap if it determines that such samples are necessary to more accurately
determine consumer exposure.
5) Alternative sampling points. The Agency must, by SEP, approve alternate
sampling points if the supplier demonstrates that the points are more
representative than the generally required point.
c) This subsection corresponds with 40 CFR 141.23(a)(4), an optional USEPA
provision relating to compositing of samples that USEPA does not require for
state programs. This statement maintains structural consistency with USEPA
rules.
d) The frequency of monitoring for the following contaminants must be in
accordance with the following Sections:
1) Asbestos: Section 611.602;
2) Antimony, arsenic (effective February 22, 2002), barium, beryllium,
cadmium, chromium, cyanide, fluoride, mercury, nickel, selenium, and
thallium: Section 611.603;
3) Nitrate: Section 611.604; and
4) Nitrite: Section 611.605.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.23(a) and (c) (2000).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.603 Inorganic Monitoring Frequency
The frequency of monitoring conducted to determine compliance with the revised MCLs in
Section 611.301 for antimony, arsenic (effective February 22, 2002), barium, beryllium,
cadmium, chromium, cyanide, fluoride, mercury, nickel, selenium, and thallium is as follows:
a) Suppliers must take samples at each sampling point, beginning in the initial
compliance period, as follows:
101
1) For GWSs a GWS supplier: at least one sample during each compliance
period;
2) For SWSs and mixed systems an SWS or a mixed system supplier: at least
one sample each year.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.23(c)(1) (2000).
b) SEP Application.
1) The supplier may apply to the Agency for a an SEP that allows reduction
from the monitoring frequencies specified in subsection (a) of this Section
pursuant to subsections (d) through (f) of this Section and Section
611.110.
2) The supplier may apply to the Agency for a an SEP that relieves it of the
requirement for monitoring cyanide pursuant to subsections (d) through (f)
of this Section and Section 611.110 if it can demonstrate that its system is
not vulnerable due to a lack of any industrial source of cyanide.
BOARD NOTE: Drawn from 40 CFR 141.23(c)(2) and (c)(6) (2000).
c) SEP Procedures. The Agency must review the request pursuant to the SEP
procedures of Section 611.110 based on consideration of the factors in subsection
(e) of this Section.
BOARD NOTE: Drawn from 40 CFR 141.23(c)(6) (2000).
d) Standard for SEP reduction in monitoring. The Agency must grant a an SEP that
allows a reduction in the monitoring frequency if the supplier demonstrates that
all previous analytical results were less than the MCL, provided the supplier
meets the following minimum data requirements:
1) For GWS suppliers: a minimum of three rounds of monitoring.
2) For
an
SWS and or mixed system suppliers supplier: annual monitoring
for at least three years.
3) At least one sample must have been taken since January 1, 1990.
4) A supplier that uses a new water source is not eligible for a an SEP until it
completes three rounds of monitoring from the new source.
BOARD NOTE: Drawn from 40 CFR 141.23(c)(4) (2000).
e) Standard for SEP monitoring conditions. As a condition of any SEP, the Agency
102
must require that the supplier take a minimum of one sample during the term of
the SEP. In determining the appropriate reduced monitoring frequency, the
Agency must consider:
1) Reported concentrations from all previous monitoring;
2) The degree of variation in reported concentrations; and
3) Other factors that may affect contaminant concentrations, such as changes
in groundwater pumping rates, changes in the CWSs CWS’s
configuration, the CWS’s operating procedures, or changes in stream
flows or characteristics.
BOARD NOTE: Drawn from 40 CFR 141.23(c)(3) and (c)(5) (2000).
f) SEP Conditions and Revision.
1) A
An SEP will expire at the end of the compliance cycle for which it was
issued.
BOARD NOTE: Drawn from 40 CFR 141.23(c)(3) (2000).
2) In issuing a an SEP, the Agency must specify the level of the contaminant
upon which the “reliably and consistently” determination was based. A
An SEP must provide that the Agency will review and, where appropriate,
revise its determination of the appropriate monitoring frequency when the
supplier submits new monitoring data or when other data relevant to the
supplier’s appropriate monitoring frequency become available.
BOARD NOTE: Drawn from 40 CFR 141.23(c)(6) (2000).
g) A supplier that exceeds the MCL for antimony, barium, beryllium, cadmium,
chromium, cyanide, fluoride, mercury, nickel, selenium, or thallium, as
determined in Section 611.609, must monitor quarterly for that contaminant,
beginning in the next quarter after the violation occurred.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.23(c)(7) (2000).
h) Reduction of quarterly monitoring.
1) The Agency must grant a an SEP pursuant to Section 611.110 that reduces
the monitoring frequency to that specified by subsection (a) of this Section
if it determines that the sampling point is reliably and consistently below
the MCL.
2) A request for a an SEP must include the following minimal information:
103
A) For a GWS: two quarterly samples.
B) For an SWS or mixed system supplier: four quarterly samples.
3) In issuing the SEP, the Agency must specify the level of the contaminant
upon which the “reliably and consistently” determination was based. All
SEPs Any SEP that allow allows less frequent monitoring based on an
Agency “reliably and consistently” determination must include a condition
requiring the supplier to resume quarterly monitoring for any contaminant
pursuant to subsection (g) of this Section if it violates the MCL specified
by Section 611.609 for that contaminant.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.23(c)(8) (2000).
i) A new system supplier that begins operation after January 22, 2004 or a supplier
whose system uses a new source of water beginning after January 22, 2004 must
demonstrate compliance with the MCL within a period of time specified by a
permit issued the Agency. The supplier must also comply with the initial
sampling frequencies specified by the Agency to ensure a system can demonstrate
compliance with the MCL. Routine and increased monitoring frequencies must
be conducted in accordance with the requirements in this Section.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.23(c)(9) (2000), as added at 66 Fed.
Reg. 6976 (January 22, 2001), 66 Fed. Reg. 16134 (March 23, 2001), and 66 Fed.
Reg. 28342 (May 22, 2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.606 Confirmation Samples
a) Where the results of sampling for antimony, arsenic (effective February 22,
2002), asbestos, barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cyanide, fluoride,
mercury, nickel, selenium, or thallium indicate a level in excess of the MCL, the
supplier must collect one additional sample as soon as possible after the supplier
receives notification of the analytical result initial sample was taken (but no later
than not to exceed two weeks after the initial sample was taken) at the same
sampling point.
b) Where nitrate or nitrite sampling results indicate a level in excess of the MCL, the
supplier must take a confirmation sample within 24 hours after the supplier’s
receipt of notification of the analytical results of the first sample.
1) Suppliers unable to comply with the 24-hour sampling requirement must
immediately notify the persons served in accordance with Section 611.902
and meet other Tier 1 public notification requirements under Subpart V of
104
this Part.
2) Suppliers exercising this option must take and analyze a confirmation
sample within two weeks of after notification of the analytical results of
the first sample.
c) Averaging rules are specified in Section 611.609. The Agency must delete the
original or confirmation sample if it determines that a sampling error occurred, in
which case the confirmation sample will replace the original sample.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.23(f) (1999), as amended at 65 Fed. Reg. 26022
(May 4, 2000) (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 6976 (January 22, 2001), 66 Fed. Reg. 16134
(March 23, 2001), and 66 Fed. Reg. 28342 (May 22, 2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.609 Determining Compliance
Compliance with the MCLs of Sections Section 611.300 or 611.301 (as appropriate) must be
determined based on the analytical result(s) results obtained at each sampling point.
a) For suppliers that monitor at a frequency greater than annual, compliance with the
MCLs for antimony, arsenic (effective January 22, 2004), asbestos, barium,
beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cyanide, fluoride, mercury, nickel, selenium, or
thallium is determined by a running annual average at each sampling point.
Effective January 22, 2004, if a system fails to collect the required number of
samples, compliance (average concentration) will be based on the total number of
samples collected.
1) If the average at any sampling point is greater than the MCL, then the
supplier is out of compliance.
2) If any one sample would cause the annual average to be exceeded, then
the supplier is out of compliance immediately.
3) Any sample below the method detection limit must be calculated at zero
for the purpose of determining the annual average.
BOARD NOTE: The “method detection limit” is different from the
“detection limit, ” as set forth in Section 611.600. The “method detection
limit” is the level of contaminant that can be determined by a particular
method with a 95 percent degree of confidence, as determined by the
method outlined in 40 CFR 136, Appendix B, incorporated by reference at
Section 611.102.
b) For suppliers that monitor annually or less frequently, compliance with the MCLs
105
for antimony, arsenic (effective January 22, 2004), asbestos, barium, beryllium,
cadmium, chromium, cyanide, fluoride, mercury, nickel, selenium, or thallium is
determined by the level of the contaminant at any sampling point. If a
confirmation sample is taken samples are required by the Agency, the
determination of compliance will be based on the average of the two samples
annual average of the initial MCL exceedence and any Agency-required
confirmation samples. Effective January 22, 2004, if a supplier fails to collect the
required number of samples, compliance (average concentration) will be based on
the total number of samples collected.
c) Compliance with the MCLs for nitrate and nitrite is determined based on one
sample if the levels of these contaminants are below the MCLs. If the levels of
nitrate or nitrite exceed the MCLs in the initial sample, Section 611.606 requires
confirmation sampling, and compliance is determined based on the average of the
initial and confirmation samples.
d)
When the portion of the distribution system that is out of compliance is separable
from other parts of the distribution system and has no interconnections, the
supplier may give the public notice required by Subpart T only to persons served
by that portion of the distribution system not in compliance. Arsenic sampling
results must be reported to the nearest 0.001 mg/L.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.23(i) (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 6976
(January 22, 2001), 66 Fed. Reg. 16134 (March 23, 2001), and 66 Fed. Reg. 28342 (May 22,
2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.611 Inorganic Analysis
Analytical methods are from documents incorporated by reference in Section 611.102. These are
mostly referenced by a short name defined by Section 611.102(a). Other abbreviations are
defined in Section 611.101.
a) Analysis for the following contaminants must be conducted using the following
methods or an alternative approved pursuant to Section 611.480. Criteria for
analyzing arsenic, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, selenium, sodium, and
thallium with digestion or directly without digestion, and other analytical
procedures, are contained in USEPA Technical Notes, incorporated by reference
in Section 611.102. (This document also contains approved analytical test
methods that remain available for compliance monitoring until July 1, 1996.
These methods will not be available for use after July 1, 1996.)
BOARD NOTE: Because MDLs reported in USEPA Environmental Metals
Methods 200.7 and 200.9 were determined using a 2
×
preconcentration step
during sample digestion, MDLs determined when samples are analyzed by direct
106
analysis (i.e., no sample digestion) will be higher. For direct analysis of cadmium
and arsenic by USEPA Environmental Metals Method 200.7, and arsenic by
Standard Method 3120 B sample preconcentration using pneumatic nebulization
may be required to achieve lower detection limits. Preconcentration may also be
required for direct analysis of antimony, lead, and thallium by USEPA
Environmental Metals Method 200.9; antimony and lead by Standard Method
3113 B; and lead by ASTM Method D3559-90D unless multiple in-furnace
depositions are made.
1) Antimony:
A) Inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: USEPA
Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.8.
B) Atomic absorption, hydride technique: ASTM Method D3697-92.
C) Atomic absorption, platform furnace technique: USEPA
Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.9.
D) Atomic absorption, furnace technique: Standard Methods, 18th or
19th ed.: Method 3113 B.
2) Arsenic:
BOARD NOTE: If ultrasonic nebulization is used in the determination of
arsenic by Methods 200.7, 200.8, or SM 3120 B, the arsenic must be in the
pentavalent state to provide uniform signal response. For methods 200.7
and 3120 B, both samples and standards must be diluted in the same
mixed acid matrix concentration of nitric and hydrochloric acid with the
addition of 100 L of 30% hydrogen peroxide per 100 mL of solution. For
direct analysis of arsenic with method 200.8 using ultrasonic nebulization,
samples and standards must contain one mg/L of sodium hypochlorite.
A) Inductively-coupled plasma:
BOARD NOTE: Effective January 23, 2006, a supplier may no
longer employ analytical methods using the ICP-AES technology
because the detection limits for these methods are 0.008 mg/L or
higher. This restriction means that the two ICP-AES methods
(USEPA Environmental Metals Method 200.7 and Standard
Methods, Method 3120 B) approved for use for the MCL of 0.05
mg/L may not be used for compliance determinations for the
revised MCL of 0.01 mg/L. However, prior to the 2005 through
2007 compliance period, a supplier may have compliance samples
analyzed with these less sensitive methods.
107
i) USEPA Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.7, or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 3120 B.
B) Inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: USEPA
Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.8.
C) Atomic absorption, platform furnace technique: USEPA
Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.9.
D) Atomic Absorption absorption, furnace technique:
i) ASTM Method D2972-93 C, or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 3113 B.
E) Atomic absorption, hydride technique:
i) ASTM Method D2972-93 B, or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 3114 B.
3) Asbestos: Transmission electron microscopy: USEPA Asbestos
Methods-100.1 and USEPA Asbestos Methods-100.2.
4) Barium:
A) Inductively-coupled plasma:
i) USEPA Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.7, or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 3120 B.
B) Inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: USEPA
Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.8.
C) Atomic absorption, direct aspiration technique: Standard Methods,
18th or 19th ed.: Method 3111 D.
D) Atomic absorption, furnace technique: Standard Methods, 18th or
19th ed.: Method 3113 B.
5) Beryllium:
A) Inductively-coupled plasma:
108
i) USEPA Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.7, or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 3120 B.
B) Inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: USEPA
Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.8.
C) Atomic absorption, platform furnace technique: USEPA
Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.9.
D) Atomic absorption, furnace technique:
i) ASTM Method D3645-93 B, or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 3113 B.
6) Cadmium:
A) Inductively-coupled plasma arc furnace: USEPA Environmental
Metals Methods: Method 200.7.
B) Inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: USEPA
Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.8.
C) Atomic absorption, platform furnace technique: USEPA
Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.9.
D) Atomic absorption, furnace technique: Standard Methods, 18th or
19th ed.: Method 3113 B.
7) Chromium:
A) Inductively-coupled plasma arc furnace:
i) USEPA Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.7, or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 3120 B.
B) Inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: USEPA
Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.8.
C) Atomic absorption, platform furnace technique: USEPA
Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.9.
D) Atomic absorption, furnace technique: Standard Methods, 18th or
19th ed.: Method 3113 B.
109
8) Cyanide:
A) Manual distillation (Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method
4500-CN
-
C), followed by spectrophotometric, amenable:
i) ASTM Method D2036-91 B, or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 4500-CN
-
G.
B) Manual distillation (Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method
4500-CN
-
C), followed by spectrophotometric, manual:
i) ASTM Method D2036-91 A,
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 4500-CN
-
E,
or
iii) USGS Methods: Method I-3300-85.
C) Manual distillation (Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method
4500-CN
-
C), followed by semiautomated spectrophotometric:
USEPA Environmental Inorganic Methods: Method 335.4.
D) Selective electrode: Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method
4500-CN
-
F.
9) Fluoride:
A) Ion Chromatography:
i) USEPA Environmental Inorganic Methods: Method 300.0,
ii) ASTM Method D4327-91, or
iii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 4110 B.
B) Manual distillation, colorimetric SPADNS: Standard Methods,
18th or 19th ed.: Method 4500-F
-
B and D.
C) Manual electrode:
i) ASTM Method D1179-93B D1179-93 B, or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 4500-F
-
C.
110
D) Automated electrode: Technicon Methods: Method 380-75WE.
E) Automated alizarin:
i) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 4500-F
-
E, or
ii) Technicon Methods: Method 129-71W.
10) Mercury:
A) Manual cold vapor technique:
i) USEPA Environmental Metals Methods: Method 245.1,
ii) ASTM Method D3223-91, or
iii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 3112 B.
B) Automated cold vapor technique: USEPA Inorganic Methods:
Method 245.2.
C) Inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: USEPA
Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.8.
11) Nickel:
A) Inductively-coupled plasma:
i) USEPA Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.7, or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 3120 B.
B) Inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: USEPA
Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.8.
C) Atomic absorption, platform furnace technique: USEPA
Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.9.
D) Atomic absorption, direct aspiration technique: Standard Methods,
18th or 19th ed.: Method 3111 B.
E) Atomic absorption, furnace technique: Standard Methods, 18th or
19th ed.: Method 3113 B.
12) Nitrate:
111
A) Ion chromatography:
i) USEPA Environmental Inorganic Methods: Method 300.0,
ii) ASTM Method D4327-91,
iii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 4110 B, or
iv) Waters Test Method B-1011, available from Millipore
Corporation.
B) Automated cadmium reduction:
i) USEPA Environmental Inorganic Methods: Method 353.2,
ii) ASTM Method D3867-90 A, or
iii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 4500-NO
3
-
F.
C) Ion selective electrode:
i) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 4500-NO
3
-
D,
or
ii) Technical Bulletin 601.
D) Manual cadmium reduction:
i) ASTM Method D3867-90 B, or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 4500-NO
3
-
E.
13) Nitrite:
A) Ion chromatography:
i) USEPA Environmental Inorganic Methods: Method 300.0,
ii) ASTM Method D4327-91,
iii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 4110 B, or
iv) Waters Test Method B-1011, available from Millipore
Corporation.
B) Automated cadmium reduction:
112
i) USEPA Environmental Inorganic Methods: Method 353.2,
ii) ASTM Method D3867-90 A, or
iii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 4500-NO
3
-
F.
C) Manual cadmium reduction:
i) ASTM Method D3867-90 B, or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 4500-NO
3
-
E.
D) Spectrophotometric: Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method
4500-NO
2
-
B.
14) Selenium:
A) Atomic absorption, hydride:
i) ASTM Method D3859-93 A, or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 3114 B.
B) Inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: USEPA
Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.8.
C) Atomic absorption, platform furnace technique: USEPA
Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.9.
D) Atomic absorption, furnace technique:
i) ASTM Method D3859-93 B, or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 3113 B.
15) Thallium:
A) Inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: USEPA
Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.8.
B) Atomic absorption, platform furnace technique: USEPA
Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.9.
16) Lead:
113
A) Atomic absorption, furnace technique:
i) ASTM Method D3559-95 D, or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 3113 B.
B) Inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: USEPA
Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.8.
C) Atomic absorption, platform furnace technique: USEPA
Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.9.
D) Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry: Palintest
Method 1001.
17) Copper:
A) Atomic absorption, furnace technique:
i) ASTM Method D1688-95 C, or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 3113 B.
B) Atomic absorption, direct aspiration:
i) ASTM Method D1688-90 A, or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 3111 B.
C) Inductively-coupled plasma:
i) USEPA Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.7, or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 3120 B.
D) Inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: USEPA
Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.8.
E) Atomic absorption, platform furnace technique: USEPA
Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.9.
18) pH:
A) Electrometric:
i) USEPA Inorganic Methods: Method 150.1,
114
ii) ASTM Method D1293-84, or
iii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 4500-H
+
B.
B) USEPA Inorganic Methods: Method 150.2.
19) Conductivity; Conductance:
A) ASTM Method D1125-95 A, or
B) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 2510 B.
20) Calcium:
A) EDTA titrimetric:
i) ASTM Method D511-93 A, or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 3500-Ca D.
B) Atomic absorption, direct aspiration:
i) ASTM Method D511-93 B, or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 3111 B.
C) Inductively-coupled plasma:
i) USEPA Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.7, or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 3120 B.
21) Alkalinity:
A) Titrimetric:
i) ASTM Method D1067-92 B, or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 2320 B.
B) Electrometric titration: USGS Methods: Method I-1030-85.
22) Orthophosphate (unfiltered, without digestion or hydrolysis):
A) Automated colorimetric, ascorbic acid:
115
i) USEPA Environmental Inorganic Methods: Method 365.1,
or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 4500-P F.
B) Single reagent colorimetric, ascorbic acid:
i) ASTM Method D515-88 A, or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 4500-P E.
C) Colorimetric, phosphomolybdate: USGS Methods: Method I-
1601-85.
D) Colorimetric, phosphomolybdate, automated-segmented flow:
USGS Methods: Method I-2601-90.
E) Colorimetric, phosphomolybdate, automated discrete: USGS
Methods: Method I-2598-85.
F) Ion Chromatography:
i) USEPA Environmental Inorganic Methods: Method 300.0,
ii) ASTM Method D4327-91, or
iii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 4110 B.
23) Silica:
A) Colorimetric, molybdate blue: USGS Methods: Method I-1700-
85.
B) Colorimetric, molybdate blue, automated-segmented flow: USGS
Methods: Method I-2700-85.
C) Colorimetric: ASTM Method D859-95.
D) Molybdosilicate: Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method
4500-Si D.
E) Heteropoly blue: Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method
4500-Si E.
F) Automated method for molybdate-reactive silica: Standard
116
Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 4500-Si F.
G) Inductively-coupled plasma:
i) USEPA Environmental Metals Methods: Method 200.7, or
ii) Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method 3120 B.
24) Temperature; thermometric: Standard Methods, 18th or 19th ed.: Method
2550.
25) Sodium:
A) Inductively-coupled plasma: USEPA Environmental Metals
Methods: Method 200.7.
B) Atomic absorption, direct aspiration: Standard Methods, 18th or
19th ed.: Method 3111 B.
b) Sample collection for antimony, arsenic (effective January 22, 2004), asbestos,
barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cyanide, fluoride, mercury, nickel,
nitrate, nitrite, selenium, and thallium pursuant to Sections 611.600 through
611.604 must be conducted using the following sample preservation, container,
and maximum holding time procedures:
BOARD NOTE: For cyanide determinations samples must be adjusted with
sodium hydroxide to pH 12 at the time of collection. When chilling is indicated
the sample must be shipped and stored at 4
°
C or less. Acidification of nitrate or
metals samples may be with a concentrated acid or a dilute (50% by volume)
solution of the applicable concentrated acid. Acidification of samples for metals
analysis is encouraged and allowed at the laboratory rather than at the time of
sampling provided the shipping time and other instructions in Section 8.3 of
USEPA Environmental Metals Method 200.7, 200.8, or 200.9 is followed.
1) Antimony:
A) Preservative: Concentrated nitric acid to pH less than 2.
B) Plastic or glass (hard or soft).
C) Holding time: Samples must be analyzed as soon after collection
as possible, but in any event within 6 months.
2) Arsenic:
A) Preservative: Concentrated nitric acid to pH less than 2.
117
B) Plastic or glass (hard or soft).
C) Holding time: Samples must be analyzed as soon after collection
as possible, but in any event within 6 months.
23) Asbestos:
A) Preservative: Cool to 4° C.
B) Plastic or glass (hard or soft).
C) Holding time: Samples must be analyzed as soon after collection
as possible, but in any event within 48 hours.
34) Barium:
A) Preservative: Concentrated nitric acid to pH less than 2.
B) Plastic or glass (hard or soft).
C) Holding time: Samples must be analyzed as soon after collection
as possible, but in any event within 6 months.
45) Beryllium:
A) Preservative: Concentrated nitric acid to pH less than 2.
B) Plastic or glass (hard or soft).
C) Holding time: Samples must be analyzed as soon after collection
as possible, but in any event within 6 months.
56) Cadmium:
A) Preservative: Concentrated nitric acid to pH less than 2.
B) Plastic or glass (hard or soft).
C) Holding time: Samples must be analyzed as soon after collection
as possible, but in any event within 6 months.
67) Chromium:
A) Preservative: Concentrated nitric acid to pH less than 2.
118
B) Plastic or glass (hard or soft).
C) Holding time: Samples must be analyzed as soon after collection
as possible, but in any event within 6 months.
78) Cyanide:
A) Preservative: Cool to 4°C 4° C. Add sodium hydroxide to pH >
12. See the analytical methods for information on sample
preservation.
B) Plastic or glass (hard or soft).
C) Holding time: Samples must be analyzed as soon after collection
as possible, but in any event within 14 days.
89) Fluoride:
A) Preservative: None.
B) Plastic or glass (hard or soft).
C) Holding time: Samples must be analyzed as soon after collection
as possible, but in any event within 1 month.
910) Mercury:
A) Preservative: Concentrated nitric acid to pH less than 2.
B) Plastic or glass (hard or soft).
C) Holding time: Samples must be analyzed as soon after collection
as possible, but in any event within 28 days.
1011) Nickel:
A) Preservative: Concentrated nitric acid to pH less than 2.
B) Plastic or glass (hard or soft).
C) Holding time: Samples must be analyzed as soon after collection
as possible, but in any event within 6 months.
1112) Nitrate, chlorinated:
A) Preservative: Cool to 4° C.
119
B) Plastic or glass (hard or soft).
C) Holding time: Samples must be analyzed as soon after collection
as possible, but in any event within 14 days.
1213) Nitrate, non-chlorinated:
A) Preservative: Concentrated sulfuric acid to pH less than 2.
B) Plastic or glass (hard or soft).
C) Holding time: Samples must be analyzed as soon after collection
as possible, but in any event within 14 days.
1314) Nitrite:
A) Preservative: Cool to 4° C.
B) Plastic or glass (hard or soft).
C) Holding time: Samples must be analyzed as soon after collection
as possible, but in any event within 48 hours.
1415) Selenium:
A) Preservative: Concentrated nitric acid to pH less than 2.
B) Plastic or glass (hard or soft).
C) Holding time: Samples must be analyzed as soon after collection
as possible, but in any event within 6 months.
1516) Thallium:
A) Preservative: Concentrated nitric acid to pH less than 2.
B) Plastic or glass (hard or soft).
C) Holding time: Samples must be analyzed as soon after collection
as possible, but in any event within 6 months.
c) Analyses under this Subpart must be conducted by laboratories that received
approval from USEPA or the Agency. Laboratories may conduct sample analyses
for antimony, beryllium, cyanide, nickel, and thallium under provisional
certification granted by the Agency until January 1, 1996. The Agency shall must
120
certify laboratories to conduct analyses for antimony, arsenic (effective January
23, 2006), asbestos, barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cyanide, fluoride,
mercury, nickel, nitrate, nitrite, selenium, and thallium if the laboratory:
1) Analyzes performance evaluation (PE) samples, provided by the Agency
pursuant to 35 Ill. Adm. Code Part 186, that include those substances at
levels not in excess of levels expected in drinking water; and
2) Achieves quantitative results on the analyses within the following
acceptance limits:
A) Antimony: ± 30% at greater than or equal to 0.006 mg/L.
B) Arsenic:
±
30% at greater than or equal to 0.003 mg/L.
BC) Asbestos: 2 standard deviations based on study statistics.
CD) Barium: ± 15% at greater than or equal to 0.15 mg/L.
DE) Beryllium: ± 15% at greater than or equal to 0.001 mg/L.
EF) Cadmium: ± 20% at greater than or equal to 0.002 mg/L.
FG) Chromium: ± 15% at greater than or equal to 0.01 mg/L.
GH) Cyanide: ± 25% at greater than or equal to 0.1 mg/L.
HI) Fluoride: ± 10% at 1 to 10 mg/L.
IJ) Mercury: ± 30% at greater than or equal to 0.0005 mg/L.
JK) Nickel: ± 15% at greater than or equal to 0.01 mg/L.
KL) Nitrate: ± 10% at greater than or equal to 0.4 mg/L.
LM) Nitrite: ± 15% at greater than or equal to 0.4 mg/L.
MN) Selenium: ± 20% at greater than or equal to 0.01 mg/L.
NO) Thallium: ± 30% at greater than or equal to 0.002 mg/L.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.23(k) (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 6976
(January 22, 2001), 66 Fed. Reg. 16134 (March 23, 2001), and 66 Fed. Reg. 28342 (May 22,
2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
121
SUBPART O: ORGANIC MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL
REQUIREMENTS
Section 611.646 Phase I, Phase II, and Phase V Volatile Organic Contaminants
Monitoring of the Phase I, Phase II, and Phase V VOCs for the purpose of determining
compliance with the MCL must be conducted as follows:
a) Definitions. As used in this Section:
“Detect” and “detection” means that the contaminant of interest is present at a
level greater than or equal to the “detection limit.”
“Detection limit” means 0.0005 mg/L.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.24(f)(7), (f)(11), (f)(14)(i), and
(f)(20) (1999) (2000). This is a “trigger level” for Phase I, Phase II, and Phase V
VOCs inasmuch as it prompts further action. The use of the term “detect” in this
section is not intended to include any analytical capability of quantifying lower
levels of any contaminant, or the “method detection limit.” Note, however that
certain language at the end of federal paragraph (f)(20) is capable of meaning that
the “method detection limit” is used to derive the “detection limit.” The Board
has chosen to disregard that language at the end of paragraph (f)(20) in favor of
the more direct language of paragraphs (f)(7) and (f)(11).
“Method detection limit,” as used in subsections (q) and (t) of this Section means
the minimum concentration of a substance that can be measured and reported with
99 percent confidence that the analyte concentration is greater than zero and is
determined from analysis of a sample in a given matrix containing the analyte.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 136, Appendix B (1999) (2000). The
method detection limit is determined by the procedure set forth in 40 CFR 136,
Appendix B. See subsection (t) of this Section.
b) Required sampling. Each supplier must take a minimum of one
sample at each sampling point at the times required in subsection (u) of this
Section.
c) Sampling points.
1) Sampling points for GWSs a GWS. Unless otherwise provided by a an
SEP granted by the Agency pursuant to Section 611.110, a GWS supplier
must take at least one sample from each of the following points: each
entry point that is representative of each well after treatment.
122
2) Sampling points for SWSs and an SWS or mixed systems system supplier.
Unless otherwise provided by a an SEP granted by the Agency pursuant to
Section 611.110, a an SWS or mixed system supplier must sample from
each of the following points:
A) Each entry point after treatment; or
B) Points in the distribution system that are representative of each
source.
3) The supplier must take each sample at the same sampling point unless the
Agency has granted a an SEP pursuant to Section 611.110 that designates
another location as more representative of each source, treatment plant, or
within the distribution system.
4) If a system draws water from more than one source, and the sources are
combined before distribution, the supplier must sample at an entry point
during periods of normal operating conditions when water is
representative of all sources being used.
BOARD NOTE: Subsections (b) and (c) of this Section derived from 40 CFR
141.24(f)(1) through (f)(3) (1999) (2000).
d) Each CWS and NTNCWS supplier must take four consecutive quarterly samples
for each of the Phase I VOCs, excluding vinyl chloride, and Phase II VOCs
during each compliance period, beginning in the compliance period starting in the
initial compliance period.
e) Reduction to annual monitoring frequency. If the initial monitoring for the Phase
I, Phase II, and Phase V VOCs as allowed in subsection (r)(1) of this Section has
been completed by December 31, 1992, and the supplier did not detect any of the
Phase I VOCs, including vinyl chloride,; Phase II, VOCs; or Phase V VOCs, then
the supplier must take one sample annually beginning in the initial compliance
period.
f) GWS reduction to triennial monitoring frequency. After a minimum of three
years of annual sampling, GWS suppliers that have not previously detected any of
the Phase I VOCs, including vinyl chloride,; Phase II, VOCs; or Phase V VOCs
must take one sample during each three-year compliance period.
g) A CWS or NTNCWS supplier that has completed the initial round of monitoring
required by subsection (d) of this Section and which did not detect any of the
Phase I VOCs, including vinyl chloride,; Phase II, VOCs; and Phase V VOCs
may apply to the Agency for a an SEP pursuant to Section 611.110 that releases it
from the requirements of subsection (e) or (f) of this Section. A supplier that
123
serves fewer than 3300 service connections may apply to the Agency for a an SEP
that releases it from the requirements of subsection (d) of this Section as to 1,2,4-
trichlorobenzene.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.24(f)(7) and (f)(10) (1999) (2000),
and the discussion at 57 Fed. Reg. 31825 (July 17, 1992). Provisions concerning
the term of the waiver appear in subsections (i) and (j) of this Section. The
definition of “detect,” parenthetically added to the federal counterpart paragraph,
is in subsection (a) of this Section.
h) Vulnerability Assessment assessment. The Agency must consider the factors of
Section 611.110(e) in granting a an SEP from the requirements of subsection (d),
(e), or (f) of this Section sought pursuant to subsection (g) of this Section.
i) A
An SEP issued to a GWS pursuant to subsection (g) of this Section is for a
maximum of six years, except that a an SEP as to the subsection (d) of this
Section monitoring for 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene must apply only to the initial round
of monitoring. As a condition of a an SEP, except as to a an SEP from the initial
round of subsection (d) of this Section monitoring for 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, the
supplier shall, within 30 months after the beginning of the period for which the
waiver was issued, reconfirm its vulnerability assessment required by subsection
(h) of this Section and submitted pursuant to subsection (g) of this Section, by
taking one sample at each sampling point and reapplying for a an SEP pursuant to
subsection (g) of this Section. Based on this application, the Agency must either:
1) If it determines that the PWS meets the standard of Section 611.610(e),
issue a an SEP that reconfirms the prior SEP for the remaining three-year
compliance period of the six-year maximum term; or
2) Issue a new SEP requiring the supplier to sample annually.
BOARD NOTE: Subsection (i) of this Section does not apply to SWSs an SWS
and or mixed systems system supplier.
j) Special considerations for SEPs an SEP for an SWS and or mixed systemssystem
supplier.
1) The Agency must determine that a an SWS is not vulnerable before
issuing a an SEP pursuant to Section 611.110 to a an SWS supplier. A An
SEP issued to a an SWS or mixed system supplier pursuant to subsection
(g) of this Section is for a maximum of one compliance period; and
2) The Agency may require, as a condition to a an SEP issued to a an SWS or
mixed supplier, that the supplier take such samples for Phase I, Phase II,
and Phase V VOCs at such a frequency as the Agency determines are
necessary, based on the vulnerability assessment.
124
BOARD NOTE: There is a great degree of similarity between 40 CFR
141.24(f)(7) (1999) (2000), the provision applicable to GWSs, and 40 CFR
141.24(f)(10) (1999) (2000), the provision for SWSs. The Board has
consolidated the common requirements of both paragraphs into subsection (g) of
this Section. Subsection (j) of this Section represents the elements unique to an
SWSs and or mixed systems system, and subsection (i) of this Section relates to
GWSs a GWS supplier. Although 40 CFR 141.24(f)(7) and (f)(10) are silent as to
a mixed systems system supplier, the Board has included a mixed systems system
supplier with SWSs an SWS supplier because this best follows the federal scheme
for all other contaminants.
k) If one of the Phase I VOCs, excluding vinyl chloride; a Phase II VOC; or a Phase
V VOC is detected in any sample, then:
1) The supplier must monitor quarterly for that contaminant at each sampling
point that resulted in a detection.
2) Annual monitoring.
A) The Agency must grant a an SEP pursuant to Section 611.110 that
allows a supplier to reduce the monitoring frequency to annual at a
sampling point if it determines that the sampling point is reliably
and consistently below the MCL.
B) A request for a an SEP must include the following minimal
information:
i) For a GWS, two quarterly samples.
ii) For
a
an SWS or mixed system supplier, four quarterly
samples.
C) In issuing a an SEP, the Agency must specify the level of the
contaminant upon which the “reliably and consistently”
determination was based. All SEPs Any SEP that allow allows
less frequent monitoring based on an Agency “reliably and
consistently” determination must include a condition requiring the
supplier to resume quarterly monitoring pursuant to subsection
(k)(1) of this Section if it violates the MCL specified by Section
611.311.
3) Suppliers that monitor annually must monitor during the quarters that
previously yielded the highest analytical result.
4) Suppliers that do not detect a contaminant at a sampling point in three
125
consecutive annual samples may apply to the Agency for a an SEP
pursuant to Section 611.110 that allows it to discontinue monitoring for
that contaminant at that point, as specified in subsection (g) of this
Section.
5) A GWS supplier that has detected one or more of the two-carbon
contaminants listed in subsection (k)(5)(A) of this Section must monitor
quarterly for vinyl chloride as described in subsection (k)(5)(B) of this
Section, subject to the limitation of subsection (k)(5)(C) of this Section.
A) Two-carbon contaminants (Phase I or II VOC):
1,2-Dichloroethane (Phase I)
1,1-Dichloroethylene (Phase I)
cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene (Phase II)
trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene (Phase II)
Tetrachloroethylene (Phase II)
1,1,1-Trichloroethylene (Phase I)
Trichloroethylene (Phase I)
B) The supplier must sample quarterly for vinyl chloride at each
sampling point at which it detected one or more of the two-carbon
contaminants listed in subsection (k)(5)(A) of this Section.
C) The Agency must grant a an SEP pursuant to Section 611.110 that
allows the supplier to reduce the monitoring frequency for vinyl
chloride at any sampling point to once in each three-year
compliance period if it determines that the supplier has not
detected vinyl chloride in the first sample required by subsection
(k)(5)(B) of this Section.
l) Quarterly monitoring following MCL violations.
1) Suppliers that violate an MCL for one of the Phase I VOCs, including
vinyl chloride,; Phase II, VOCs; or Phase V VOCs, as determined by
subsection (o) of this Section, must monitor quarterly for that
contaminant, at the sampling point where the violation occurred,
beginning the next quarter after the violation.
2) Annual monitoring.
A) The Agency must grant a an SEP pursuant to Section 611.110 that
allows a supplier to reduce the monitoring frequency to annually if
it determines that the sampling point is reliably and consistently
below the MCL.
126
B) A request for a an SEP must include the following minimal
information: four quarterly samples.
C) In issuing a an SEP, the Agency must specify the level of the
contaminant upon which the “reliably and consistently”
determination was based. All SEPs Any SEP that allow allows
less frequent monitoring based on an Agency “reliably and
consistently” determination must include a condition requiring the
supplier to resume quarterly monitoring pursuant to subsection
(l)(1) of this Section if it violates the MCL specified by Section
611.311.
D) The supplier must monitor during the quarter(s) quarters that
previously yielded the highest analytical result.
m) Confirmation samples. The Agency may issue a an SEP pursuant to Section
610.110 to require a supplier to use a confirmation sample for results that it finds
dubious for whatever reason. The Agency must state its reasons for issuing the
SEP if the SEP is Agency-initiated.
1) If a supplier detects any of the Phase I, Phase II, or Phase V VOCs in a
sample, the supplier must take a confirmation sample as soon as possible,
but no later than 14 days after the supplier receives notice of the detection.
2) Averaging is as specified in subsection (o) of this Section.
3) The Agency must delete the original or confirmation sample if it
determines that a sampling error occurred, in which case the confirmation
sample will replace the original or confirmation sample.
n) This subsection (n) corresponds with 40 CFR 141.24(f)(14) (1999), an optional
USEPA provision relating to compositing of samples that USEPA does not
require for state programs. This statement maintains structural consistency with
USEPA rules.
o) Compliance with the MCLs for the Phase I, Phase II, and Phase V VOCs must be
determined based on the analytical results obtained at each sampling point.
Effective January 22, 2004, if one sampling point is in violation of an MCL, the
system is in violation of the MCL.
1) Effective January 22, 2004, for a supplier that monitors more than once
per year, compliance with the MCL is determined by a running annual
average at each sampling point.
2) Effective January 22, 2004, a supplier that monitors annually or less
frequently whose sample result exceeds the MCL must begin quarterly
127
sampling. The system will not be considered in violation of the MCL
until it has completed one year of quarterly sampling.
3) Effective January 22, 2004, if any sample result will cause the running
annual average to exceed the MCL at any sampling point, the supplier is
out of compliance with the MCL immediately.
4) Effective January 22, 2004, if a supplier fails to collect the required
number of samples, compliance will be based on the total number of
samples collected.
5) Effective January 22, 2004, if a sample result is less than the detection
limit, zero will be used to calculate the annual average.
16) For suppliers
Until January 22, 2004, for a supplier that conduct conducts
monitoring at a frequency greater than annual, compliance is determined
by a running annual average of all samples taken at each sampling point.
A) If the annual average of any sampling point is greater than the
MCL, then the supplier is out of compliance.
B) If the initial sample or a subsequent sample would cause the annual
average to exceed the MCL, then the supplier is out of compliance
immediately.
C) Any samples below the detection limit must be deemed as zero for
purposes of determining the annual average.
27) If
Until January 22, 2004, if monitoring is conducted annually, or less
frequently, the supplier is out of compliance if the level of a contaminant
at any sampling point is greater than the MCL. If Until January 22, 2004,
if a confirmation sample is taken, the determination of compliance is
based on the average of two samples.
p) This subsection (p) corresponds with 40 CFR 141.24(f)(16) (1999), which
USEPA removed and reserved at 59 Fed. Reg. 62468 (Dec. 5, 1994). This
statement maintains structural consistency with the federal regulations.
q) Analysis under this Section must only be conducted by laboratories that have
received certification by USEPA or the Agency according to the following
conditions:
1) To receive certification to conduct analyses for the Phase I VOCs,
excluding vinyl chloride,; Phase II VOCs,; and Phase V VOCs, the
laboratory must:
128
A) Analyze performance evaluation (PE) samples that include these
substances provided by the Agency pursuant to 35 Ill. Adm. Code
183.125(c) 186.170;
B) Achieve the quantitative acceptance limits under subsections
(q)(1)(C) and (q)(1)(D) of this Section for at least 80 percent of the
Phase I VOCs, excluding vinyl chloride, Phase II VOCs, except
vinyl chloride, or Phase V VOCs regulated organic contaminants
in the PE sample;
C) Achieve quantitative results on the analyses performed under
subsection (q)(1)(A) of this Section that are within ± 20 percent of
the actual amount of the substances in the performance evaluation
PE sample when the actual amount is greater than or equal to 0.010
mg/L;
D) Achieve quantitative results on the analyses performed under
subsection (q)(1)(A) of this Section that are within ± 40 percent of
the actual amount of the substances in the performance evaluation
PE sample when the actual amount is less than 0.010 mg/L; and
E) Achieve a method detection limit of 0.0005 mg/L, according to the
procedures in 40 CFR 136, appendix B, incorporated by reference
in Section 611.102.
2) To receive certification to conduct analyses for vinyl chloride the
laboratory must:
A) Analyze performance evaluation PE samples provided by the
Agency pursuant to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 183.125(c) 186.170;
B) Achieve quantitative results on the analyses performed under
subsection (q)(2)(A) of this Section that are within ± 40 percent of
the actual amount of vinyl chloride in the performance evaluation
PE sample;
C) Achieve a method detection limit of 0.0005 mg/L, according to the
procedures in 40 CFR 136, appendix B, incorporated by reference
in Section 611.102; and
D) Obtain certification pursuant to subsection (q)(1) of this Section
for Phase I VOCs, excluding vinyl chloride,; Phase II VOCs,; and
Phase V VOCs.
r) Use of existing data.
129
1) The Agency must allow the use of data collected after January 1, 1988 but
prior to the effective date of this Section December 1, 1992, pursuant to
Agency sample request letters, if it determines that the data are generally
consistent with the requirements of this Section.
2) The Agency must grant a an SEP pursuant to Section 611.110 that allows
a supplier to monitor annually beginning in the initial compliance period if
it determines that the supplier did not detect any Phase I, Phase II, or
Phase V VOC using existing data allowed pursuant to subsection (r)(1) of
this Section.
s) The Agency shall, by a an SEP issued pursuant to Section 611.110, increase the
number of sampling points or the frequency of monitoring if it determines that it
is necessary to detect variations within the PWS.
t) Each laboratory certified for the analysis of Phase I, Phase II, or Phase V VOCs
pursuant to subsection (q)(1) or (q)(2) of this Section shall:
1) Determine the method detection limit (MDL), as defined in 40 CFR 136,
Appendix B, incorporated by reference in Section 611.102, at which it is
capable of detecting the Phase I, Phase II, and Phase V VOCs; and,
2) Achieve an MDL for each Phase I, Phase II, and Phase V VOC that is less
than or equal to 0.0005 mg/L.
u) Each supplier must monitor, within each compliance period, at the time
designated by the Agency by SEP pursuant to Section 611.110.
v) A new system supplier or a supplier that uses a new source of water which begins
operation after January 22, 2004 must demonstrate compliance with the MCL
within a period of time specified by a permit issued by the Agency. The supplier
must also comply with the initial sampling frequencies specified by the Agency to
ensure the supplier can demonstrate compliance with the MCL. Routine and
increased monitoring frequencies must be conducted in accordance with the
requirements in this Section.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.24(f) (1999), as amended at 65 Fed. Reg. 26022
(May 4, 2000) (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 6976 (January 22, 2001), 66 Fed. Reg. 16134
(March 23, 2001), and 66 Fed. Reg. 28342 (May 22, 2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.648 Phase II, Phase IIB, and Phase V Synthetic Organic Contaminants
Analysis of the Phase II, Phase IIB, and Phase V SOCs for the purposes of determining
compliance with the MCL must be conducted as follows:
130
a) Definitions. As used in this Section, the following terms will have the following
meanings:
“Detect” or “detection” means that the contaminant of interest is present at
a level greater than or equal to the “detection limit.”.
“Detection limit” means the level of the contaminant of interest that is
specified in subsection (r) of this Section.
BOARD NOTE: This is a “trigger level” for Phase II, Phase IIB, and
Phase V SOCs inasmuch as it prompts further action. The use of the term
“detect” or “detection” in this Section is not intended to include any
analytical capability of quantifying lower levels of any contaminant, or the
“method detection limit.”.
b) Required sampling. Each supplier must take a minimum of one sample at each
sampling point at the times required in subsection (q) of this Section.
BOARD NOTE: USEPA stayed the effective date of the MCLs for aldicarb,
aldicarb sulfone, and aldicarb sulfoxide at 57 Fed. Reg. 22178 (May 27, 1991).
Section 611.311(c) includes this stay. However, despite the stay of the
effectiveness of the MCLs for these three SOCs, suppliers must monitor for them.
c) Sampling points.
1) Sampling points for GWSs. Unless otherwise provided by SEP, a GWS
supplier must take at least one sample from each of the following points:
each entry point that is representative of each well after treatment.
2) Sampling points for SWSs and an SWS or mixed systems system supplier.
Unless otherwise provided by SEP, a an SWS or mixed system supplier
must sample from each of the following points:
A) Each entry point after treatment; or
B) Points in the distribution system that are representative of each
source.
3) The supplier must take each sample at the same sampling point unless the
Agency has granted a an SEP that designates another location as more
representative of each source, treatment plant, or within the distribution
system.
4) If a system draws water from more than one source, and the sources are
combined before distribution, the supplier must sample at an entry point
131
during periods of normal operating conditions when water is
representative of all sources being used.
BOARD NOTE: Subsections (b) and (c) of this Section derived from 40 CFR
141.24(h)(1) through (h)(3) (1999) (2000).
d) Monitoring frequency.
1) Each CWS and NTNCWS supplier must take four consecutive quarterly
samples for each of the Phase II, Phase IIB, and Phase V SOCs during
each compliance period, beginning in the three-year compliance period
starting in the initial compliance period.
2) Suppliers serving more than 3,300 persons that do not detect a
contaminant in the initial compliance period must take a minimum of two
quarterly samples in one year of each subsequent three-year compliance
period.
3) Suppliers serving fewer than or equal to 3,300 persons that do not detect a
contaminant in the initial compliance period must take a minimum of one
sample during each subsequent three-year compliance period.
e) Reduction to annual monitoring frequency. A CWS or NTNCWS supplier may
apply to the Agency for a an SEP that releases it from the requirements of
subsection (d) of this Section. A An SEP from the requirement of subsection (d)
of this Section must last for only a single three-year compliance period.
f) Vulnerability assessment. The Agency must grant a an SEP from the
requirements of subsection (d) of this Section based on consideration of the
factors set forth at Section 611.110(e).
g) If one of the Phase II, Phase IIB, or Phase V SOCs is detected in any sample, then
the following must occur:
1) The supplier must monitor quarterly for the contaminant at each sampling
point that resulted in a detection.
2) Annual monitoring.
A) A supplier may request that the Agency grant a an SEP pursuant to
Section 610.110 that reduces the monitoring frequency to annual.
B) A request for a an SEP must include the following minimal
information:
i) For a GWS, two quarterly samples.
132
ii) For
a
an SWS or mixed system supplier, four quarterly
samples.
C) The Agency must grant a an SEP that allows annual monitoring at
a sampling point if it determines that the sampling point is reliably
and consistently below the MCL.
D) In issuing the SEP, the Agency must specify the level of the
contaminant upon which the “reliably and consistently”
determination was based. All SEPs Any SEP that allow allows
less frequent monitoring based on an Agency “reliably and
consistently” determination must include a condition requiring the
supplier to resume quarterly monitoring pursuant to subsection
(g)(1) of this Section if it detects any Phase II SOC.
3) Suppliers that monitor annually must monitor during the quarters that
previously yielded the highest analytical result.
4) Suppliers that have three consecutive annual samples with no detection of
a contaminant at a sampling point may apply to the Agency for a an SEP
with respect to that point, as specified in subsections (e) and (f) of this
Section.
5) Monitoring for related contaminants.
A) If monitoring results in detection of one or more of the related
contaminants listed in subsection (g)(5)(B) of this Section,
subsequent monitoring must analyze for all the related compounds
in the respective group.
B) Related contaminants:
i) First group:
aldicarb
aldicarb sulfone
aldicarb sulfoxide
ii) Second group:
heptachlor
heptachlor epoxide.
h) Quarterly monitoring following MCL violations.
133
1) Suppliers that violate an MCL for one of the Phase II, Phase IIB, or Phase
V SOCs, as determined by subsection (k) of this Section, must monitor
quarterly for that contaminant at the sampling point where the violation
occurred, beginning the next quarter after the violation.
2) Annual monitoring.
A) A supplier may request that the Agency grant a an SEP pursuant to
Section 611.110 that reduces the monitoring frequency to annual.
B) A request for a an SEP must include, at a minimum, the results
from four quarterly samples.
C) The Agency must grant a an SEP that allows annual monitoring at
a sampling point if it determines that the sampling point is reliably
and consistently below the MCL.
D) In issuing the SEP, the Agency must specify the level of the
contaminant upon which the “reliably and consistently”
determination was based. All SEPs Any SEP that allow allows
less frequent monitoring based on an Agency “reliably and
consistently” determination must include a condition requiring the
supplier to resume quarterly monitoring pursuant to subsection
(h)(1) of this Section if it detects any Phase II SOC.
E) The supplier must monitor during the quarters that previously
yielded the highest analytical result.
i) Confirmation samples.
1) If any of the Phase II, Phase IIB, or Phase V SOCs are detected in a
sample, the supplier must take a confirmation sample as soon as possible,
but no later than 14 days after the supplier receives notice of the detection.
2) Averaging is as specified in subsection (k) of this Section.
3) The Agency must delete the original or confirmation sample if it
determines that a sampling error occurred, in which case the confirmation
sample will replace the original or confirmation sample.
j) This subsection (j) corresponds with 40 CFR 141.24(h)(10), an optional USEPA
provision relating to compositing of samples that USEPA does not require for
state programs. This statement maintains structural consistency with USEPA
rules.
k)
This subsection (k) corresponds with 40 CFR 141.24(h)(11) (1999), which
134
USEPA removed at 65 Fed. Reg. 26022 (May 4, 2000). This statement maintains
structural consistency with the federal regulations.
k) Compliance with the MCLs for the Phase II, Phase IIB, and Phase V SOCs shall
be determined based on the analytical results obtained at each sampling point.
Effective January 22, 2004, if one sampling point is in violation of an MCL, the
supplier is in violation of the MCL.
1) Effective January 22, 2004, for a supplier that monitors more than once
per year, compliance with the MCL is determined by a running annual
average at each sampling point.
2) Effective January 22, 2004, a supplier that monitors annually or less
frequently whose sample result exceeds the regulatory detection level as
defined by subsection (r) of this Section must begin quarterly sampling.
The system will not be considered in violation of the MCL until it has
completed one year of quarterly sampling.
3) Effective January 22, 2004, if any sample result will cause the running
annual average to exceed the MCL at any sampling point, the supplier is
out of compliance with the MCL immediately.
4) Effective January 22, 2004, if a supplier fails to collect the required
number of samples, compliance will be based on the total number of
samples collected.
5) Effective January 22, 2004, if a sample result is less than the detection
limit, zero will be used to calculate the annual average.
6) Until January 22, 2004, for a supplier that conducts monitoring at a
frequency greater than annual, compliance is determined by a running
annual average of all samples taken at each sampling point.
A) If the annual average of any sampling point is greater than the
MCL, then the supplier is out of compliance.
B) If the initial sample or a subsequent sample would cause the annual
average to exceed the MCL, then the supplier is out of compliance
immediately.
C) Any samples below the detection limit must be deemed as zero for
purposes of determining the annual average.
7) Until January 22, 2004, if the supplier conducts monitoring annually, or
less frequently, the supplier is out of compliance if the level of a
contaminant at any sampling point is greater than the MCL. Until January
135
22, 2004, if a confirmation sample is taken, the determination of
compliance is based on the average of two samples.
l) This subsection (l) corresponds with 40 CFR 141.24(h)(12) (1999), which
USEPA removed and reserved at 59 Fed. Reg. 62468 (Dec. 5, 1994). This
statement maintains structural consistency with the federal regulations.
m) Analysis for PCBs must be conducted as follows using the methods in Section
611.645:
1) Each supplier that monitors for PCBs must analyze each sample using
either USEPA Organic Methods, Method 505 or Method 508.
2) If PCBs are detected in any sample analyzed using USEPA Organic
Methods, Methods Method 505 or 508, the supplier must reanalyze the
sample using Method 508A to quantitate the individual Aroclors (as
decachlorobiphenyl).
3) Compliance with the PCB MCL must be determined based upon the
quantitative results of analyses using USEPA Organic Methods, Method
508A.
n) Use of existing data.
1) The Agency must allow the use of data collected after January 1, 1990 but
prior to the effective date of this Section, pursuant to Agency sample
request letters, if it determines that the data are generally consistent with
the requirements of this Section.
2) The Agency must grant a an SEP pursuant to Section 611.110 that allows
a supplier to monitor annually beginning in the initial compliance period if
it determines that the supplier did not detect any Phase I VOC or Phase II
VOC using existing data allowed pursuant to subsection (n)(1) of this
Section.
o) The Agency must issue a an SEP that increases the number of sampling points or
the frequency of monitoring if it determines that this is necessary to detect
variations within the PWS due to such factors as fluctuations in contaminant
concentration due to seasonal use or changes in the water source.
BOARD NOTE: At 40 CFR 141.24(h)(15), USEPA uses the stated factors as
non-limiting examples of circumstances that make additional monitoring
necessary.
p) This subsection (p) corresponds with 40 CFR 141.24(h)(16), a USEPA provision
that the Board has not adopted because it reserves enforcement authority to the
136
State and would serve no useful function as part of the State’s rules. This
statement maintains structural consistency with USEPA rules.
q) Each supplier must monitor, within each compliance period, at the time
designated by the Agency by SEP pursuant to Section 611.110.
r) “Detection” means greater than or equal to the following concentrations for each
contaminant:
1) for PCBs (Aroclors):
Aroclor
Detection Limit (mg/L)
1016 0.00008
1221 0.02
1232 0.0005
1242 0.0003
1248 0.0001
1254 0.0001
1260 0.0002
2) for other Phase II, Phase IIB, and Phase V SOCs:
Contaminant
Detection Limit
(mg/L)
Alachlor 0.0002
Aldicarb 0.0005
Aldicarb sulfoxide
0.0005
Aldicarb sulfone
0.0008
Atrazine 0.0001
Benzo(a)pyrene 0.00002
Carbofuran 0.0009
Chlordane 0.0002
2,4-D 0.0001
Dalapon 0.001
1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP)
0.00002
Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate 0.0006
Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 0.0006
Dinoseb 0.0002
Diquat 0.0004
Endothall 0.009
Endrin 0.00001
Ethylene dibromide (EDB)
0.00001
Glyphosate 0.006
Heptachlor 0.00004
137
Heptachlor epoxide
0.00002
Hexachlorobenzene 0.0001
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene 0.0001
Lindane 0.00002
Methoxychlor 0.0001
Oxamyl 0.002
Picloram 0.0001
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) (as
decachlorobiphenyl)
0.0001
Pentachlorophenol 0.00004
Simazine 0.00007
Toxaphene 0.001
2,3,7,8-TCDD (dioxin)
0.000000005
2,4,5-TP (silvex)
0.0002
s) Laboratory certification.
1) Analyses under this Section must only be conducted by laboratories that
have received approval by USEPA or the Agency according to the
following conditions of subsection (s)(2) of this Section.
2) To receive certification to conduct analyses for the Phase II, Phase IIB,
and Phase V SOCs, the laboratory must do the following:
A) Analyze performance evaluation PE samples provided by the
Agency pursuant to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 183.125(c) that include
these substances; and
B) Achieve quantitative results on the analyses performed under
subsection (s)(2)(A) of this Section that are within the following
acceptance limits:
SOC Acceptance
Limits
±
45%
Alachlor ±
45%
Aldicarb
2 standard deviations
Aldicarb sulfone
2 standard deviations
Aldicarb sulfoxide
2 standard deviations
Atrazine ±
45%
Benzo(a)pyrene
2 standard deviations
Carbofuran
Chlordane ±
45%
Dalapon
2 standard deviations
Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate
2 standard deviations
Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
2 standard deviations
Dinoseb
2 standard deviations
138
Diquat
2 standard deviations
Endothall
2 standard deviations
Endrin ±
30%
Glyphosate
2 standard deviations
Dibromochloropropane (DBCP)
± 40%
Ethylene dibromide (EDB)
± 40%
Heptachlor ±
45%
Heptachlor epoxide
± 45%
Hexachlorobenzene
2 standard deviations
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
2 standard deviations
Lindane ±
45%
Methoxychlor ±
45%
Oxamyl
2 standard deviations
PCBs (as decachlorobiphenyl)
0-200%
Pentachlorophenol ±
50%
Picloram
2 standard deviations
Simazine
2 standard deviations
Toxaphene ±
45%
2,4-D ±
50%
2,3,7,8-TCDD (dioxin)
2 standard deviations
2,4,5-TP (silvex)
± 50%
t) A new system supplier or a supplier that uses a new source of water that begins
operation after January 22, 2004 must demonstrate compliance with the MCL
within a period of time specified by a permit issued by the Agency. The supplier
must also comply with the initial sampling frequencies specified by the Agency to
ensure the supplier can demonstrate compliance with the MCL. Routine and
increased monitoring frequencies must be conducted in accordance with the
requirements in this Section.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.24(h) (1999), as amended at 65 Fed. Reg. 26022
(May 4, 2000) (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 6976 (January 22, 2001), 66 Fed. Reg. 16134
(March 23, 2001), and 66 Fed. Reg. 28342 (May 22, 2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
SUBPART P: THM MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS
Section 611.680 Sampling, Analytical and other Requirements
a) Required monitoring.
1) CWS suppliers
A CWS supplier that serves a population of 10,000 or
more individuals and which adds a disinfectant (oxidant) to the water in
any part of the drinking water treatment process shall must analyze for
139
TTHMs in accordance with this SectionSubpart.
2) For the purpose of this SectionSubpart, the minimum number of samples
required to be taken by the system supplier must be based on the number
of treatment plants used by the system supplier. However, the Agency
shall, by special exception permit, provide that multiple wells drawing raw
water from a single aquifer be considered one treatment plant for
determining the minimum number of samples.
3) All samples taken within an established frequency must be collected
within a 24-hour period.
b) CWSs
A CWS supplier serving 10,000 or more individuals.
1) For
CWSs
a CWS supplier utilizing surface a water sources source in
whole or in part, and for CWSs a CWS supplier utilizing only a
groundwater sources source, except as provided in Section 611.683,
analyses for TTHMs must be performed at quarterly intervals on at least
four water samples for each treatment plant used by the system. At least
25 percent of the samples must be taken at locations within the
distribution system reflecting the maximum residence time (MRT) of the
water in the system. The remaining 75 percent must be taken at
representative locations in the distribution system, taking into account the
number of persons served, different sources of water and different
treatment methods employed. The results of all analyses per quarter must
be arithmetically averaged and reported to the Agency within 30 days of
after the supplier's receipt of such results. All samples collected must be
used in the computation of the average, unless the analytical results are
invalidated for technical reasons. Sampling and analyses must be
conducted in accordance with the methods listed in Section 611.685.
2) Upon application by a CWS supplier, the Agency shall, by special
exception permit, reduce the monitoring frequency required by subsection
(b)(1) to a minimum of one sample analyzed for TTHMs per quarter taken
at a point in the distribution system reflecting the MRT of the water in the
system, if the Agency determines that the data from at least one year of
monitoring in accordance with subsection (b)(1) and local conditions
demonstrate that TTHM concentrations will be consistently below the
MCL.
3) If at any time during which the reduced monitoring frequency prescribed
under this subsection (b) applies, the results from any analysis exceed 0.10
mg/L TTHMs and such results are confirmed by at least one check sample
taken promptly after such results are received, or if the CWS supplier
makes any significant change to its source of water or treatment program,
the supplier shall must immediately begin monitoring in accordance with
140
the requirements of subsection (b)(1), which monitoring must continue for
at least 1 year before the frequency may be reduced again. The Agency
shall, by special exception permit, require monitoring in excess of the
minimum frequency where it is necessary to detect variations of TTHM
levels within the distribution system.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.30(a) and (b) (1989) (2000), modified
to remove the limitation regarding addition of disinfectant.
c) Surface water sources for CWSs a CWS supplier serving fewer than 10,000
individuals. Suppliers shall must submit at least one initial sample per treatment
plant for analysis or analytical results from a certified laboratory for MRT
concentration taken between May 1, 1990, and October 31, 1990. After written
request by the supplier and the determination by the Agency that the results of the
sample indicate that the CWS supplier is not likely to exceed the MCL, the CWS
shall must continue to submit one annual sample per treatment plant for analysis
or analytical results from a certified laboratory to the Agency taken between May
1 and October 31 of succeeding years. If the sample exceeds the MCL, the CWS
shall must submit to the Agency samples in accordance with the sampling
frequency specified in subsection (b).
BOARD NOTE: This is an additional State requirement.
d) Groundwater sources for CWSs a CWS supplier serving fewer than 10,000
individuals. Suppliers are not required to submit samples for THM analysis under
this SectionSubpart.
BOARD NOTE: This is an additional State requirement.
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.685 Analytical Methods
Sampling and analyses made pursuant to this Subpart must be conducted by one of the total
trihalomethanes (TTHM) methods, as directed in Section 611.645; and in USEPA Technical
Notes, incorporated by reference in Section 611.102; or in Section 611.381(b). Samples for
TTHM must be dechlorinated upon collection to prevent further production of trihalomethanes
according to the procedures described in the methods, except acidification is not required if only
THMs or TTHMs are to be determined. Samples for maximum TTHM potential must not be
dechlorinated or acidified, and should be held for seven days at 25° C (or above) prior to
analysis.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.30(e) (1998) (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg.
3770 (January 16, 2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
141
a) The requirements of this Subpart R are National Primary Drinking Water
Regulations. These regulations establish requirements for filtration and
disinfection that are in addition to standards under which filtration and
disinfection are required under Subpart B of this
SUBPART R: ENHANCED FILTRATION AND DISINFECTION
Section 611.740 General Requirements
part Part. The requirements of
this Subpart are applicable to a Subpart B system supplier serving 10,000 or more
persons, beginning January 1, 2002, unless otherwise specified in this Subpart.
The regulations in this Subpart establish or extend treatment technique
requirements in lieu of maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for the following
contaminants: Giardia lamblia, viruses, heterotrophic plate count bacteria,
Legionella, Cryptosporidium, and turbidity. Each Subpart B system supplier
serving 10,000 or more persons shall must provide treatment of its source water
that complies with these treatment technique requirements and are in addition to
those identified in Section 611.220. The treatment technique requirements consist
of installing and properly operating water treatment processes that reliably
achieve:
1) At least 99 percent (2-log) removal of Cryptosporidium between a point
where the raw water is not subject to recontamination by surface water
runoff and a point downstream before or at the first customer for filtered
systems, or Cryptosporidium control under the watershed control plan for
unfiltered systems; and
2) Compliance with the profiling and benchmark requirements under the
provisions of Section 611.742.
b) A public water system PWS supplier subject to the requirements of this Subpart is
considered to be in compliance with the requirements of subsection (a) of this
Section if:
1) It meets the requirements for avoiding filtration in Sections 611.232 and
611.741, and the disinfection requirements in Sections 611.240 and
611.742; or
2) It meets the applicable filtration requirements in either Section 611.250 or
Section 611.743, and the disinfection requirements in Sections 611.240
and 611.742.
c) Systems shall
A supplier must not begin construction of uncovered finished water
storage facilities after February 16, 1999.
142
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.170 (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 3770
(January 16, 2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.741 Standards for Avoiding Filtration
In addition to the requirements of Section 611.232, a public water system PWS supplier subject
to the requirements of this Subpart that does not provide filtration shall must meet all of the
conditions of subsections (a) and (b) of this Section.
a) Site-specific conditions. In addition to site-specific conditions in Section
611.232, systems shall a supplier must maintain the watershed control program
under Section 611.232(b) to minimize the potential for contamination by
Cryptosporidium oocysts in the source water. The watershed control program
must, for Cryptosporidium:
1) Identify watershed characteristics and activities which that may have an
adverse effect on source water quality; and
2) Monitor the occurrence of activities which that may have an adverse effect
on source water quality.
b) During the onsite inspection conducted under the provisions of Section
611.232(c), the Agency shall must determine whether the watershed control
program established under Section 611.232(b) is adequate to limit potential
contamination by Cryptosporidium oocysts. The adequacy of the program must
be based on the comprehensiveness of the watershed review; the effectiveness of
the system’s supplier’s program to monitor and control detrimental activities
occurring in the watershed; and the extent to which the water system supplier has
maximized land ownership or controlled land use within the watershed.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.171 (2000).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.742 Disinfection Profiling and Benchmarking
a) Determination of systems a supplier required to profile. A public water system
PWS supplier subject to the requirements of this Subpart shall must determine its
TTHM annual average using the procedure in subsection (a)(1) of this Section
and its HAA5 annual average using the procedure in subsection (a)(2) of this
Section. The annual average is the arithmetic average of the quarterly averages of
four consecutive quarters of monitoring.
1) The TTHM annual average that is used must be the annual average during
143
the same period as the HAA5 annual average.
A) Those systems
A supplier that collected data under the provisions
of 40 CFR 141 Subpart M (Information Collection Rule) shall
must use the results of the samples collected during the last four
quarters of required monitoring under Section 611.382 former 40
CFR 141.42 (1994), as amended at 59 Fed. Reg. 62456 (Dec. 5,
1994).
B) Those systems
A supplier that use uses “grandfathered” HAA5
occurrence data that meet the provisions of subsection (a)(2)(B) of
this Section shall must use TTHM data collected at the same time
under the provisions of Section 611.680.
C) Those systems
A supplier that use uses HAA5 occurrence data that
meet the provisions of subsection (a)(2)(C)(i) of this Section shall
must use TTHM data collected at the same time under the
provisions of Sections 611.310 and 611.680.
2) The HAA5 annual average that is used must be the annual average during
the same period as the TTHM annual average.
A) Those systems
A supplier that collected data under the provisions
of 40 CFR 141 Subpart M (Information Collection Rule) shall
must use the results of the samples collected during the last four
quarters of required monitoring under Section 611.382 former 40
CFR 141.42 (1994), as amended at 59 Fed. Reg. 62456 (Dec. 5,
1994).
B) Those systems
A supplier that have has collected four quarters of
HAA5 occurrence data that meets the routine monitoring sample
number and location requirements for TTHM in Section 611.680
and handling and analytical method requirements of Section
611.685 may use that data to determine whether the requirements
of this Section apply.
C) Those systems
A supplier that have has not collected four quarters
of HAA5 occurrence data that meets the provisions of either
subsection (a)(2)(A) or (B) of this Section by March 31, 1999 shall
must either:
i) Conduct monitoring for HAA5 that meets the routine
monitoring sample number and location requirements for
TTHM in Section 611.680 and handling and analytical
method requirements of Section 611.685 to determine the
HAA5 annual average and whether the requirements of
144
subsection (b) of this Section apply. This monitoring must
be completed so that the applicability determination can be
made no later than March 31, 2000; or
ii) Comply with all other provisions of this Section as if the
HAA5 monitoring had been conducted and the results
required compliance with subsection (b) of this Section.
3) The
system
supplier may request that the Agency approve a more
representative annual data set than the data set determined under
subsection (a)(1) or (2) of this Section for the purpose of determining
applicability of the requirements of this Section.
4) The Agency may require that a system supplier use a more representative
annual data set than the data set determined under subsection (a)(1) or (2)
of this Section for the purpose of determining the applicability of the
requirements of this Section.
5) The system shall supplier must submit data to the Agency on the schedule
in subsections (a)(5)(A) through (D) (a)(5)(E) of this Section.
A) Those systems
A supplier that collected TTHM and HAA5 date
data under the provisions of 40 CFR Subpart M (Information
Collection Rule), as required by subsection subsections (a)(1)(A)
and (a)(2)(A) of this Section, shall must submit the results of the
samples collected during the last twelve 12 months of required
monitoring under Section 611.685 not later than December 31,
1999.
B) Those systems
A supplier that have has collected four consecutive
quarters of HAA5 occurrence data that meets the routine
monitoring sample number and location for TTHM in Section
611.382 former 40 CFR 141.42 (1994), as amended 59 Fed. Reg.
62456 (Dec. 5, 1994), and handling and analytical method
requirements of Section 611.685, as allowed by subsections
(a)(1)(B) and (a)(2)(B) of this Section, shall must submit that data
to the Agency not later than April 30, 1999. Until the Agency has
approved the data, the system shall supplier must conduct
monitoring for HAA5 using the monitoring requirements specified
under subsection (a)(2)(C) of this Section.
C) Those systems
A supplier that conduct conducts monitoring for
HAA5 using the monitoring requirements specified by subsections
(a)(1)(C) and (a)(2)(C)(i) of this Section, shall must submit TTHM
and HAA5 data not later than March 31, 2000.
145
D) Those systems
A supplier that elect elects to comply with all other
provisions of this Section as if the HAA5 monitoring had been
conducted and the results required compliance with this Section, as
allowed under subsection (a)(2)(C)(ii) of this Section, shall must
notify the Agency in writing of their its election not later than
December 31, 1999.
E) If the system supplier elects to request that the Agency approve a
more representative data set than the data set determined under
subsection (a)(2)(A) of this Section, the system shall supplier must
submit this request in writing not later than December 31, 1999.
6) Any
system
supplier having either a TTHM annual average
≥
0.064 mg/L
or an HAA5 annual average
≥
0.048 mg/L during the period identified in
subsections (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this Section shall must comply with
subsection (b) of this Section.
b) Disinfection profiling.
1) Any
system
supplier that meets the standards in subsection (a)(6) of this
Section shall must develop a disinfection profile of its disinfection
practice for a period of up to three years. The Agency shall must
determine the period of the disinfection profile, with a minimum period of
1 year.
2) The system shall supplier must monitor daily for a period of twelve 12
consecutive calendar months to determine the total logs of inactivation for
each day of operation, based on the CT
99.9 values in Appendix B of this
Part, as appropriate, through the entire treatment plant. The system shall
supplier must begin this monitoring not later than April 1, 2000. As a
minimum, the system supplier with a single point of disinfectant
application prior to entrance to the distribution system shall must conduct
the monitoring in subsections (b)(2)(A) through (b)(2)(D) of this Section.
A system supplier with more than one point of disinfectant application
shall must conduct the monitoring in subsections (b)(2)(A) through
(b)(2)(D) of this Section for each disinfection segment. The system shall
supplier must monitor the parameters necessary to determine the total
inactivation ratio, using analytical methods in Section 611.531, as follows:
A) The temperature of the disinfected water must be measured once
per day at each residual disinfectant concentration sampling point
during peak hourly flow.
B) If the system supplier uses chlorine, the pH of the disinfected
water must be measured once per day at each chlorine residual
disinfectant concentration sampling point during peak hourly flow.
146
C) The disinfectant contact time(s) times (“T”) must be determined
for each day during peak hourly flow.
D) The residual disinfectant concentration(s) concentrations (“C”) of
the water before or at the first customer and prior to each
additional point of disinfection must be measured each day during
peak hourly flow.
3) In lieu of the monitoring conducted under the provisions of subsection
(b)(2) of this Section to develop the disinfection profile, the system
supplier may elect to meet the requirements of subsection (b)(3)(A) of this
Section. In addition to the monitoring conducted under the provisions of
subsection (b)(2) of this Section to develop the disinfection profile, the
system supplier may elect to meet the requirements of subsection
(b)(3)(B) of this Section.
A) A PWS supplier that has three years of existing operational data
may submit that data, a profile generated using that data, and a
request that the Agency approve use of that data in lieu of
monitoring under the provisions of subsection (b)(2) of this
Section not later than April 1, 2000 March 31, 2000. The Agency
shall must determine whether the operational data is substantially
equivalent to data collected under the provisions of subsection
(b)(2) of this Section. The data must also be representative of
Giardia lamblia inactivation through the entire treatment plant and
not just of certain treatment segments. If the Agency determines
that the operational data is substantially equivalent, the Agency
shall must approve the request. Until the Agency approves this
request, the system is required to conduct monitoring under the
provisions of subsection (b)(2) of this Section.
B) In addition to the disinfection profile generated under subsection
(b)(2) of this Section, a PWS supplier that has existing operational
data may use that data to develop a disinfection profile for
additional years. The Agency shall must determine whether the
operational data is substantially equivalent to data collected under
the provisions of subsection (b)(2) of this Section. The data must
also be representative of inactivation through the entire treatment
plant and not just of certain treatment segments. If the Agency
determines that the operational data is substantially equivalent,
such systems may use these additional yearly disinfection profiles
to develop a benchmark under the provisions of subsection (c) of
this Section.
4) The system shall supplier must calculate the total inactivation ratio as
147
follows:
A) If the system supplier uses only one point of disinfectant
application, the system may determine the total inactivation ratio
for the disinfection segment based on either of the methods in
subsection (b)(4)(A)(i) or (b)(4)(A)(ii) of this Section.
i) Determine one inactivation ratio (CT
calc/CT
99.9) before or at
the first customer during peak hourly flow.
ii) Determine successive CT
calc/CT
99.9 values, representing
sequential inactivation ratios, between the point of
disinfectant application and a point before or at the first
customer during peak hourly flow. Under this alternative,
the system shall supplier must calculate the total
inactivation ratio (
Σ
(CT
calc
/CT
99.9)) by determining
(CT
calc/CT
99.9) for each sequence and then adding the
(CT
calc/CT
99.9) values together to determine (
Σ
(CT
calc/CT
99.9)).
B) If the system supplier uses more than one point of disinfectant
application before the first customer, the system shall must
determine the CT value of each disinfection segment immediately
prior to the next point of disinfectant application, or for the final
segment, before or at the first customer, during peak hourly flow.
The (CT
/CT
) value of each segment and (
calc
99.9
Σ
(CT
calc/CT
99.9)) must
be calculated using the method in subsection (b)(4)(A) of this
Section.
C) The system shall supplier must determine the total logs of
inactivation by multiplying the value calculated in subsection
(b)(4)(A) or (b)(4)(B) of this Section by 3.0.
5) A
system
supplier that uses either chloramines or ozone for primary
disinfection shall must also calculate the logs of inactivation for viruses
using a method approved by the Agency.
6) The system shall supplier must retain disinfection profile data in graphic
form, as a spreadsheet, or in some other format acceptable to the Agency
for review as part of sanitary surveys conducted by the Agency.
c) Disinfection benchmarking.
1) Any
system
supplier required to develop a disinfection profile under the
provisions of subsections (a) and (b) of this Section and that decides to
make a significant change to its disinfection practice shall must consult
with the Agency prior to making such change. Significant changes to
148
disinfection practice are:
A) Changes to the point of disinfection;
B) Changes to the disinfectant(s) disinfectants used in the treatment
plant;
C) Changes to the disinfection process; and
D) Any other modification identified by the Agency.
2) Any
system
supplier that is modifying its disinfection practice shall must
calculate its disinfection benchmark using the procedure specified in
subsections (c)(2)(A) and (c)(2)(B) of this Section.
A) For each year of profiling data collected and calculated under
subsection (b) of this Section, the system shall supplier must
determine the lowest average monthly Giardia lamblia inactivation
in each year of profiling data. The system shall supplier must
determine the average Giardia lamblia inactivation for each
calendar month for each year of profiling data by dividing the sum
of daily Giardia lamblia of inactivation by the number of values
calculated for that month.
B) The disinfection benchmark is the lowest monthly average value
(for systems with one year of profiling data) or average of lowest
monthly average values (for systems with more than one year of
profiling data) of the monthly logs of Giardia lamblia inactivation
in each year of profiling data.
3) A system
supplier that uses either chloramines or ozone for primary
disinfection shall must also calculate the disinfection benchmark for
viruses using a method approved by the Agency.
4) The system shall supplier must submit information in subsections
(c)(4)(A) through (c)(4)(C) of this Section to the Agency as part of its
consultation process.
A) A description of the proposed change;
B) The disinfection profile for Giardia lamblia (and, if necessary,
viruses) under subsection (b) of this Section and benchmark as
required by subsection (c)(2) of this Section; and
C) An analysis of how the proposed change will affect the current
levels of disinfection.
149
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.172 (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 3770
(January 16, 2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.743 Filtration
A PWS supplier subject to the requirements of this Subpart that does not meet all of the
standards in this Subpart and Subpart B of this Part for avoiding filtration shall must provide
treatment consisting of both disinfection, as specified in Section 611.242, and filtration treatment
which that complies with the requirements of subsection (a) or (b) of this Section or Section
611.250 (b) or (c) by December 31, 2001.
a) Conventional filtration treatment or direct filtration.
1) For
systems
a supplier using conventional filtration or direct filtration, the
turbidity level of representative samples of a system’s filtered water must
be less than or equal to 0.3 NTU in at least 95 percent of the
measurements taken each month, measured as specified in Sections
611.531 and 611.533.
2) The turbidity level of representative samples of a system’s supplier’s
filtered water must at no time exceed 1 NTU, measured as specified in
Sections 611.531 and 611.533.
3) A system
supplier that uses lime softening may acidify representative
samples prior to analysis using a protocol approved by the Agency.
b) Filtration technologies other than conventional filtration treatment, direct
filtration, slow sand filtration, or diatomaceous earth filtration. A PWS supplier
may use a filtration technology not listed in subsection (a) of this Section or in
Section 611.250 (b) or (c) if it demonstrates to the Agency, using pilot plant
studies or other means, that the alternative filtration technology, in combination
with disinfection treatment that meets the requirements of Section 611.242(b),
consistently achieves 99.9 percent removal or inactivation of Giardia lamblia
cysts and 99.99 percent removal or inactivation of viruses, and 99 percent
removal of Cryptosporidium oocysts, and the Agency approves the use of the
filtration technology. For each approval, the Agency shall must set turbidity
performance requirements that the system shall supplier must meet at least 95
percent of the time and that the system shall supplier must not exceed at any time
at a level that consistently achieves 99.9 percent removal or inactivation of
Giardia lamblia cysts, 99.99 percent removal or inactivation of viruses, and 99
percent removal of Cryptosporidium oocysts.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.173 (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 3770
150
(January 16, 2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.745 Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements
In addition to the reporting and recordkeeping requirements in Sections 611.261 and 611.262, a
public water system PWS supplier subject to the requirements of this Subpart that provides
conventional filtration treatment or direct filtration must report monthly to the Agency the
information specified in subsections (a) and (b) of this Section beginning January 1, 2002. In
addition to the reporting and recordkeeping requirements in Sections 611.261 and 611.262, a
public water system PWS supplier subject to the requirements of this Subpart that provides
filtration approved under Section 611.743(b) must report monthly to the Agency the information
specified in subsection (a) of this Section beginning January 1, 2002. The reporting in
subsection (a) of this Section is in lieu of the reporting specified in Section 611.262(a).
a) Turbidity measurements, as required by Section 611.743, must be reported within
ten days after the end of each month the system serves water to the public.
Information that must be reported is the following:
1) The total number of filtered water turbidity measurements taken during
the month.
2) The number and percentage of filtered water turbidity measurements taken
during the month that are less than or equal to the turbidity limits specified
in Section 611.743 (a) or (b).
3) The date and value of any turbidity measurements taken during the month
that exceed 1 NTU for systems a supplier using conventional filtration
treatment or direct filtration, or that exceed the maximum level under
Section 611.743(b).
b) Systems
A supplier must maintain the results of individual filter monitoring taken
under Section 611.744 for at least three years. Systems A supplier must report
that they have it has conducted individual filter turbidity monitoring under
Section 611.744 within ten days after the end of each month the system serves
water to the public. Systems A supplier must report individual filter turbidity
measurement results taken under Section 611.744 within ten days after the end of
each month the system supplier serves water to the public only if measurements
demonstrate one or more of the conditions in subsections (b)(1) through (4) of
this Section. Systems A supplier that use uses lime softening may apply to the
Agency for alternative exceedence levels for the levels specified in subsections
(b)(1) through (4) of this Section if they can demonstrate that higher turbidity
levels in individual filters are due to lime carryover only and not due to degraded
filter performance.
151
1) For any individual filter that has a measured turbidity level of greater than
1.0 NTU in two consecutive measurements taken 15 minutes apart, the
system supplier must report the filter number, the turbidity measurement,
and the dates on which the exceedence occurred. In addition, the system
supplier must either produce a filter profile for the filter within seven days
after the exceedence (if the system supplier is not able to identify an
obvious reason for the abnormal filter performance) and report that the
profile has been produced or report the obvious reason for the exceedence.
2) For any individual filter that has a measured turbidity level of greater than
0.5 NTU in two consecutive measurements taken 15 minutes apart at the
end of the first four hours of continuous filter operation after the filter has
been backwashed or otherwise taken offline, the system supplier must
report the filter number, the turbidity, and the dates on which the
exceedence occurred. In addition, the system supplier must either produce
a filter profile for the filter within seven days after the exceedence (if the
system supplier is not able to identify an obvious reason for the abnormal
filter performance) and report that the profile has been produced or report
the obvious reason for the exceedence.
3) For any individual filter that has a measured turbidity level of greater than
1.0 NTU in two consecutive measurements taken 15 minutes apart at any
time in each of three consecutive months, the system supplier must report
the filter number, the turbidity measurement, and the dates on which the
exceedence occurred. In addition, the system supplier must conduct a
self-assessment of the filter within 14 days after the exceedence and report
that the self-assessment was conducted. The self-assessment must consist
of at least the following components: assessment of filter performance;
development of a filter profile; identification and prioritization of factors
limiting filter performance; assessment of the applicability of corrections;
and preparation of a filter self-assessment report.
4) For any individual filter that has a measured turbidity level of greater than
2.0 NTU in two consecutive measurements taken 15 minutes apart at any
time in each of two consecutive months, the system supplier must report
the filter number, the turbidity measurement, and the dates on which the
exceedence occurred. In addition, the system supplier must arrange for
the conduct of a comprehensive performance evaluation by the Agency or
a third party approved by the Agency no later than 30 days following the
exceedence and have the evaluation completed and submitted to the
Agency no later than 90 days following the exceedence.
c) Additional reporting requirements.
1) If at any time the turbidity exceeds 1 NTU in representative samples of
filtered water in a system using conventional filtration treatment or direct
152
filtration, the supplier must consult with the Agency as soon as practical
possible, but no later than 24 hours after the exceedence is known, in
accordance with the public notification requirements under Section
611.903(b)(3) the end of the next business day.
2) If at any time the turbidity in representative samples of filtered water
exceeds the maximum level set by the Agency under Section 611.743(b)
for filtration technologies other than conventional filtration treatment,
direct filtration, slow sand filtration, or diatomaceous earth filtration, the
supplier must consult with inform the Agency as soon as practical
possible, but no later than 24 hours after the exceedence is known, in
accordance with the public notification requirements under Section
611.903(b)(3) the end of the next business day.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.175 (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 3770
(January 16, 2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
SUBPART U: CONSUMER CONFIDENCE REPORTS
Section 611.884 Required Additional Health Information
a) All reports must prominently display the following language: “Some people may
be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking water than the general population.
Immuno-compromised persons such as persons with cancer undergoing
chemotherapy, persons who have undergone organ transplants, people with
HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, some elderly, and infants can be
particularly at risk from infections. These people should seek advice about drinking
water from their health care providers. USEPA or Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infection by
Cryptosporidium and other microbial contaminants are available from the USEPA
Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791).”
b) A CWS
Ending in the report due by July 1, 2001, a supplier that detects arsenic at
levels above 25
µ
g/L, but below the MCL 0.05 mg/L, and beginning in the report
due by July 1, 2002, a supplier that detects arsenic above 0.005 mg/L and up to and
including 0.01 mg/L must do the following:
1) The
CWS
supplier must include in its report a short informational statement
about arsenic, using the following language: USEPA is reviewing the
drinking water standard for arsenic because of special concerns that it may
not be stringent enough. Arsenic “While your drinking water meets
USEPA's standard for arsenic, it does contain low levels of arsenic.
USEPA's standard balances the current understanding of arsenic's possible
153
health effects against the costs of removing arsenic from drinking water.
USEPA continues to research the health effects of low levels of arsenic,
which is a naturally-occurring mineral known to cause cancer in humans at
high concentrations and is linked to other health effects such as skin
damage and circulatory problems.”; or
2) The
CWS
supplier may write its own educational statement, but only in
consultation with the Agency.
c) A CWS
supplier that detects nitrate at levels above 5 mg/L, but below the MCL,
must do the following:
1) The
CWS
supplier must include a short informational statement about the
impacts of nitrate on children, using the following language: “Nitrate in
drinking water at levels above 10 ppm is a health risk for infants of less than
six months of age. High nitrate levels in drinking water can cause blue baby
syndrome. Nitrate levels may rise quickly for short periods of time because
of rainfall or agricultural activity. If you are caring for an infant you should
ask advice from your health care provider”; or
2) The CWS supplier may write its own educational statement, but only in
consultation with the Agency.
d) A CWS supplier that detects lead above the action level in more than five percent,
and up to and including ten percent, of homes sampled must do the following:
1) The CWS supplier must include a short informational statement about the
special impact of lead on children, using the following language: “Infants
and young children are typically more vulnerable to lead in drinking water
than the general population. It is possible that lead levels at your home may
be higher than at other homes in the community as a result of materials used
in your home’s plumbing. If you are concerned about elevated lead levels in
your home’s water, you may wish to have your water tested and flush your
tap for 30 seconds to two minutes before using tap water. Additional
information is available from the USEPA Safe Drinking Water Hotline
(800-426-4791)”; or
2) The CWS supplier may write its own educational statement, but only in
consultation with the Agency.
e) A CWS supplier that detects TTHM above 0.080 mg/L, but below the MCL in
Section 611.312, as an annual average, monitored and calculated under the
provisions of Section 611.680, must include the health effects language prescribed
by Appendix A of this Part.
f) Beginning in the report due by July 1, 2002 and ending January 22, 2006, a CWS
154
supplier that detects arsenic above 0.01 mg/L and up to and including 0.05 mg/L
must include the arsenic health effects language prescribed by Appendix A to this
Part.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from 40 CFR 141.154 (1999), as amended at 65 Fed. Reg. 26022
(May 4, 2000) (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 6976 (January 22, 2001), 66 Fed. Reg. 16134
(March 23, 2001), and 66 Fed. Reg. 28342 (May 22, 2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
Section 611.Appendix A Regulated Contaminants
Microbiological contaminants:
Contaminant (units): Total Coliform Bacteria
Traditional MCL in mg/L: MCL: (systems a supplier that collect collects
≥
40
samples/month) fewer than 5% of monthly samples are positive; (systems that
collect < 40 samples/month) fewer than 1 positive monthly sample.
To convert for CCR, multiply by: --
MCL in CCR units: MCL: (systems a supplier that collect collects
≥
40 samples/month)
fewer than 5% of monthly samples are positive; (systems a supplier that collect
collects < 40 samples/month) fewer than 1 positive monthly sample.
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Naturally present in the environment.
Health effects language: Coliforms are bacteria that are naturally present in the
environment and are used as an indicator that other, potentially-harmful, bacteria
may be present. Coliforms were found in more samples than allowed and this
was a warning of potential problems.
Contaminant (units): Fecal coliform and E. coli
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0
To convert for CCR, multiply by: --
MCL in CCR units: 0
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Human and animal fecal waste.
Health effects language: Fecal coliforms and E. coli are bacteria whose presence
indicates that the water may be contaminated with human or animal wastes.
Microbes in these wastes can cause short-term effects, such as diarrhea, cramps,
nausea, headaches, or other symptoms. They may pose a special health risk for
infants, young children, some of the elderly, and people with severely-
compromised immune systems.
Contaminant (units): Total organic carbon (ppm)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: TT
To convert for CCR, multiply by: --
155
MCL in CCR units: TT
MCLG: N/A
Major sources in drinking water: Naturally present in the environment.
Health effects language: Total organic carbon (TOC) has no health effects. However,
total organic carbon provides a medium for the formation of disinfection
byproducts. These byproducts include trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic
acids (HAAs). Drinking water containing these byproducts in excess of the MCL
may lead to adverse health effects, liver or kidney problems, or nervous system
effects, and may lead to an increased risk of getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): Turbidity (NTU)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: TT
To convert for CCR, multiply by: --
MCL in CCR units: TT
MCLG: N/A
Major sources in drinking water: Soil runoff.
Health effects language: Turbidity has no health effects. However, turbidity can
interfere with disinfection and provide a medium for microbial growth. Turbidity
may indicate the presence of disease-causing organisms. These organisms
include bacteria, viruses, and parasites that can cause symptoms such as nausea,
cramps, diarrhea, and associated headaches.
Radioactive contaminants:
Contaminant (units): Beta/photon emitters (mrem/yr)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 4 mrem/yr
To convert for CCR, multiply by: --
MCL in CCR units: 4
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Decay of natural and man-made deposits.
Health effects language: Certain minerals are radioactive and may emit forms of
radiation known as photons and beta radiation. Some people who drink water
containing beta particle and photon radioactivity in excess of the MCL over many
years may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): Alpha emitters (pCi/L)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 15 pCi/L
To convert for CCR, multiply by: --
MCL in CCR units: 15
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Erosion of natural deposits.
Health effects language: Certain minerals are radioactive and may emit a form of
radiation known as alpha radiation. Some people who drink water containing
alpha emitters in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk
of getting cancer.
156
Contaminant (units): Combined radium (pCi/L)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 5 pCi/L
To convert for CCR, multiply by: --
MCL in CCR units: 5
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Erosion of natural deposits.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing radium-226 or -228 in
excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): Uranium (
µ
g/L)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 30
µ
g/L
To convert for CCR, multiply by: --
MCL in CCR units: 30
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Erosion of natural deposits.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing uranium in excess of
the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer and
kidney toxicity.
Inorganic contaminants:
Contaminant (units): Antimony (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.006
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 6
MCLG: 6
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from petroleum refineries; fire retardants;
ceramics; electronics; solder.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing antimony well in
excess of the MCL over many years could experience increases in blood
cholesterol and decreases in blood sugar.
Contaminant (units): Arsenic (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.05 until January 23, 2006 or 0.01 effective January 23, 2006
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 50
MCLG: N/A 0 (effective January 26, 2006)
Major sources in drinking water: Erosion of natural deposits; runoff from orchards;
runoff from glass and electronics production wastes.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing arsenic in excess of
the MCL over many years could experience skin damage or problems with their
circulatory system, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): Asbestos (MFL)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 7 MFL
To convert for CCR, multiply by: --
157
MCL in CCR units: 7
MCLG: 7
Major sources in drinking water: Decay of asbestos cement water mains; erosion of
natural deposits.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing asbestos in excess of
the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of developing benign
intestinal polyps.
Contaminant (units): Barium (ppm)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 2
To convert for CCR, multiply by: --
MCL in CCR units: 2
MCLG: 2
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge of drilling wastes; discharge from metal
refineries; erosion of natural deposits.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing barium in excess of
the MCL over many years could experience an increase in their blood pressure.
Contaminant (units): Beryllium (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.004
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 4
MCLG: 4
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from metal refineries and coal-burning
factories; discharge from electrical, aerospace, and defense industries.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing beryllium well in
excess of the MCL over many years could develop intestinal lesions.
Contaminant (units): Cadmium (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.005
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 5
MCLG: 5
Major sources in drinking water: Corrosion of galvanized pipes; erosion of natural
deposits; discharge from metal refineries; runoff from waste batteries and paints.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing cadmium in excess of
the MCL over many years could experience kidney damage.
Contaminant (units): Chromium (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.1
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 100
MCLG: 100
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from steel and pulp mills; erosion of natural
deposits.
Health effects language: Some people who use water containing chromium well in
158
excess of the MCL over many years could experience allergic dermatitis.
Contaminant (units): Copper (ppm)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: AL=1.3
To convert for CCR, multiply by: --
MCL in CCR units: AL=1.3
MCLG: 1.3
Major sources in drinking water: Corrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of
natural deposits; leaching from wood preservatives.
Health effects language: Copper is an essential nutrient, but some people who drink
water containing copper in excess of the action level over a relatively short
amount of time could experience gastrointestinal distress. Some people who
drink water containing copper in excess of the action level over many years could
suffer liver or kidney damage. People with Wilson’s Disease should consult their
personal doctor.
Contaminant (units): Cyanide (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.2
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 200
MCLG: 200
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from steel/metal factories; discharge from
plastic and fertilizer factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing cyanide well in excess
of the MCL over many years could experience nerve damage or problems with
their thyroid.
Contaminant (units): Fluoride (ppm)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 4
To convert for CCR, multiply by: --
MCL in CCR units: 4
MCLG: 4
Major sources in drinking water: Erosion of natural deposits; water additive that
promotes strong teeth; discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing fluoride in excess of
the MCL over many years could get bone disease, including pain and tenderness
of the bones. Fluoride in drinking water at half the MCL or more may cause
mottling of children’s teeth, usually in children less than nine years old. Mottling,
also known as dental fluorosis, may include brown staining and/or pitting of the
teeth, and occurs only in developing teeth before they erupt from the gums.
Contaminant (units): Lead (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: AL=0.015
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: AL=15
MCLG: 0
159
Major sources in drinking water: Corrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of
natural deposits.
Health effects language: Infants and children who drink water containing lead in excess
of the action level could experience delays in their physical or mental
development. Children could show slight deficits in attention span and learning
abilities. Adults who drink this water over many years could develop kidney
problems or high blood pressure.
Contaminant (units): Mercury [inorganic] (inorganic) (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.002
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 2
MCLG: 2
Major sources in drinking water: Erosion of natural deposits; discharge from refineries
and factories; runoff from landfills; runoff from cropland.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing inorganic mercury
well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience kidney damage.
Contaminant (units): Nitrate (ppm)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 10
To convert for CCR, multiply by: --
MCL in CCR units: 10
MCLG: 10
Major sources in drinking water: Runoff from fertilizer use; leaching from septic tanks,
sewage; erosion of natural deposits.
Health effects language: Infants below the age of six months who drink water containing
nitrate in excess of the MCL could become seriously ill and, if untreated, may die.
Symptoms include shortness of breath and blue baby syndrome.
Contaminant (units): Nitrite (ppm)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 1
To convert for CCR, multiply by: --
MCL in CCR units: 1
MCLG: 1
Major sources in drinking water: Runoff from fertilizer use; leaching from septic tanks,
sewage; erosion of natural deposits.
Health effects language: Infants below the age of six months who drink water containing
nitrite in excess of the MCL could become seriously ill and, if untreated, may die.
Symptoms include shortness of breath and blue baby syndrome.
Contaminant (units): Selenium (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.05
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 50
MCLG: 50
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from petroleum and metal refineries; erosion
160
of natural deposits; discharge from mines.
Health effects language: Selenium is an essential nutrient. However, some people who
drink water containing selenium in excess of the MCL over many years could
experience hair or fingernail losses, numbness in fingers or toes, or problems with
their circulation.
Contaminant (units): Thallium (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.002
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 2
MCLG: 0.5
Major sources in drinking water: Leaching from ore-processing sites; discharge from
electronics, glass, and drug factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing thallium in excess of
the MCL over many years could experience hair loss, changes in their blood, or
problems with their kidneys, intestines, or liver.
Synthetic organic contaminants including pesticides and herbicides:
Contaminant (units): 2,4-D (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.07
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 70
MCLG: 70
Major sources in drinking water: Runoff from herbicide used on row crops.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing the weed killer 2,4-D
well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their
kidneys, liver, or adrenal glands.
Contaminant (units): 2,4,5-TP [silvex] (silvex) (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.05
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 50
MCLG: 50
Major sources in drinking water: Residue of banned herbicide.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing silvex in excess of the
MCL over many years could experience liver problems.
Contaminant (units): Acrylamide
Traditional MCL in mg/L: TT
To convert for CCR, multiply by: --
MCL in CCR units: TT
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Added to water during sewage/wastewater treatment.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing high levels of
acrylamide over a long period of time could have problems with their nervous
161
system or blood, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): Alachlor (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.002
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 2
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Runoff from herbicide used on row crops.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing alachlor in excess of
the MCL over many years could have problems with their eyes, liver, kidneys, or
spleen, or experience anemia, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): Atrazine (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.003
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 3
MCLG: 3
Major sources in drinking water: Runoff from herbicide used on row crops.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing atrazine well in
excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their
cardiovascular system or reproductive difficulties.
Contaminant (units): Benzo(a)pyrene [PAH] (PAH) (nanograms/L)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.0002
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1,000,000
MCL in CCR units: 200
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Leaching from linings of water storage tanks and
distribution lines.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing benzo(a)pyrene in
excess of the MCL over many years may experience reproductive difficulties and
may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): Carbofuran (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.04
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 40
MCLG: 40
Major sources in drinking water: Leaching of soil fumigant used on rice and alfalfa.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing carbofuran in excess
of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their blood, or
nervous or reproductive systems.
Contaminant (units): Chlordane (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.002
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
162
MCL in CCR units: 2
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Residue of banned termiticide.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing chlordane in excess of
the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver or nervous
system, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): Dalapon (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.2
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 200
MCLG: 200
Major sources in drinking water: Runoff from herbicide used on rights of way.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing dalapon well in excess
of the MCL over many years could experience minor kidney changes.
Contaminant (units): Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.4
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 400
MCLG: 400
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from chemical factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing di(2-
ethylhexyl)adipate well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience
general toxic effects or reproductive difficulties.
Contaminant (units): Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.006
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 6
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from rubber and chemical factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing di(2-
ethylhexyl)phthalate in excess of the MCL over many years may have problems
with their liver, or experience reproductive difficulties, and may have an
increased risk of getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): Dibromochloropropane [DBCP] (DBCP) (ppt)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.0002
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1,000,000
MCL in CCR units: 200
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Runoff/leaching from soil fumigant used on soybeans,
cotton, pineapples, and orchards.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing DBCP in excess of
the MCL over many years could experience reproductive problems and may have
163
an increased risk of getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): Dinoseb (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.007
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 7
MCLG: 7
Major sources in drinking water: Runoff from herbicide used on soybeans and
vegetables.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing dinoseb well in excess
of the MCL over many years could experience reproductive difficulties.
Contaminant (units): Diquat (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.02
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 20
MCLG: 20
Major sources in drinking water: Runoff from herbicide use.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing diquat in excess of the
MCL over many years could get cataracts.
Contaminant (units): Dioxin [2,3,7,8-TCDD] (2,3,7,8-TCDD) (ppq)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.00000003
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1,000,000,000
MCL in CCR units: 30
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Emissions from waste incineration and other
combustion; discharge from chemical factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing dioxin in excess of the
MCL over many years could experience reproductive difficulties and may have an
increased risk of getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): Endothall (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.1
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 100
MCLG: 100
Major sources in drinking water: Runoff from herbicide use.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing endothall in excess of
the MCL over many years could experience problems with their stomach or
intestines.
Contaminant (units): Endrin (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.002
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 2
164
MCLG: 2
Major sources in drinking water: Residue of banned insecticide.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing endrin in excess of the
MCL over many years could experience liver problems.
Contaminant (units): Epichlorohydrin
Traditional MCL in mg/L: TT
To convert for CCR, multiply by: --
MCL in CCR units: TT
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from industrial chemical factories; an
impurity of some water treatment chemicals.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing high levels of
epichlorohydrin over a long period of time could experience stomach problems,
and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): Ethylene dibromide (ppt)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.00005
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1,000,000
MCL in CCR units: 50
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from petroleum refineries.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing ethylene dibromide in
excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver,
stomach, reproductive system, or kidneys, and may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): Glyphosate (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.7
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 700
MCLG: 700
Major sources in drinking water: Runoff from herbicide use.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing glyphosate in excess
of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their kidneys or
reproductive difficulties.
Contaminant (units): Heptachlor (ppt)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.0004
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1,000,000
MCL in CCR units: 400
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Residue of banned pesticide.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing heptachlor in excess
of the MCL over many years could experience liver damage and may have an
increased risk of getting cancer.
165
Contaminant (units): Heptachlor epoxide (ppt)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.0002
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1,000,000
MCL in CCR units: 200
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Breakdown of heptachlor.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing heptachlor epoxide in
excess of the MCL over many years could experience liver damage, and may
have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): Hexachlorobenzene (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.001
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 1
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from metal refineries and agricultural
chemical factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing hexachlorobenzene in
excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver or
kidneys, or adverse reproductive effects, and may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): Hexachlorocyclopentadiene (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.05
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 50
MCLG: 50
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from chemical factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing
hexachlorocyclopentadiene well in excess of the MCL over many years could
experience problems with their kidneys or stomach.
Contaminant (units): Lindane (ppt)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.0002
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1,000,000
MCL in CCR units: 200
MCLG: 200
Major sources in drinking water: Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on cattle,
lumber, gardens.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing lindane in excess of
the MCL over many years could experience problems with their kidneys or liver.
Contaminant (units): Methoxychlor (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.04
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
166
MCL in CCR units: 40
MCLG: 40
Major sources in drinking water: Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on fruits,
vegetables, alfalfa, livestock.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing methoxychlor in
excess of the MCL over many years could experience reproductive difficulties.
Contaminant (units): Oxamyl [Vydate] (vydate) (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.2
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 200
MCLG: 200
Major sources in drinking water: Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on apples,
potatoes and tomatoes.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing oxamyl in excess of
the MCL over many years could experience slight nervous system effects.
Contaminant (units): PCBs [Polychlorinated biphenyls] (polychlorinated biphenyls)
(ppt)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.0005
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1,000,000
MCL in CCR units: 500
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Runoff from landfills; discharge of waste chemicals.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing PCBs in excess of the
MCL over many years could experience changes in their skin, problems with their
thymus gland, immune deficiencies, or reproductive or nervous system
difficulties, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): Pentachlorophenol (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.001
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 1
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from wood preserving factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing pentachlorophenol in
excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver or
kidneys, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): Picloram (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.5
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 500
MCLG: 500
Major sources in drinking water: Herbicide runoff.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing picloram in excess of
167
the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver.
Contaminant (units): Simazine (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.004
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 4
MCLG: 4
Major sources in drinking water: Herbicide runoff.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing simazine in excess of
the MCL over many years could experience problems with their blood.
Contaminant (units): Toxaphene (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.003
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 3
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on cotton and
cattle.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing toxaphene in excess
of the MCL over many years could have problems with their kidneys, liver, or
thyroid, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Volatile organic contaminants:
Contaminant (units): Benzene (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.005
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 5
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from factories; leaching from gas storage
tanks and landfills.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing benzene in excess of
the MCL over many years could experience anemia or a decrease in blood
platelets, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): Bromate (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.010
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 10
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Byproduct of drinking water chlorination.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing bromate in excess of
the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): Carbon tetrachloride (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.005
168
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 5
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from chemical plants and other industrial
activities.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing carbon tetrachloride
in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver
and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): Chloramines (ppm)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: MRDL = 4
To convert for CCR, multiply by: --
MCL in CCR units: MRDL = 4
MCLG: MRDLG = 4
Major sources in drinking water: Water additive used to control microbes.
Health effects language: Some people who use water containing chloramines well in
excess of the MRDL could experience irritating effects to their eyes and nose.
Some people who drink water containing chloramines well in excess of the
MRDL could experience stomach discomfort or anemia.
Contaminant (units): Chlorine (ppm)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: MRDL = 4
To convert for CCR, multiply by: --
MCL in CCR units: MRDL = 4
MCLG: MRDLG = 4
Major sources in drinking water: Water additive used to control microbes.
Health effects language: Some people who use water containing chlorine well in excess
of the MRDL could experience irritating effects to their eyes and nose. Some
people who drink water containing chlorine well in excess of the MRDL could
experience stomach discomfort.
Contaminant (units): Chlorite (ppm)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 1
To convert for CCR, multiply by: --
MCL in CCR units: 1
MCLG: 0.8
Major sources in drinking water: Byproduct of drinking water chlorination.
Health effects language: Some infants and young children who drink water containing
chlorite in excess of the MCL could experience nervous system effects. Similar
effects may occur in fetuses of pregnant women who drink water containing
chlorite in excess of the MCL. Some people may experience anemia.
Contaminant (units): Chlorine dioxide (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: MRDL = 0.8
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: MRDL = 800
169
MCLG: MRDLG = 800
Major sources in drinking water: Water additive used to control microbes.
Health effects language: Some infants and young children who drink water containing
chlorine dioxide in excess of the MRDL could experience nervous system effects.
Similar effects may occur in fetuses of pregnant women who drink water
containing chlorine dioxide in excess of the MRDL. Some people may
experience anemia.
Contaminant (units): Chlorobenzene (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.1
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 100
MCLG: 100
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from chemical and agricultural chemical
factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing chlorobenzene in
excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver or
kidneys.
Contaminant (units): o-Dichlorobenzene (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.6
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 600
MCLG: 600
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from industrial chemical factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing o-dichlorobenzene
well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their
liver, kidneys, or circulatory systems.
Contaminant (units): p-Dichlorobenzene (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.075
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 75
MCLG: 75
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from industrial chemical factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing p-dichlorobenzene in
excess of the MCL over many years could experience anemia, damage to their
liver, kidneys, or spleen, or changes in their blood.
Contaminant (units): 1,2-Dichloroethane (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.005
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 5
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from industrial chemical factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing 1,2-dichloroethane in
170
excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): 1,1-Dichloroethylene (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.007
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 7
MCLG: 7
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from industrial chemical factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing 1,1-dichloroethylene
in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver.
Contaminant (units): cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.07
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 70
MCLG: 70
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from industrial chemical factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing cis-1,2-
dichloroethylene in excess of the MCL over many years could experience
problems with their liver.
Contaminant (units): trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.1
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 100
MCLG: 100
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from industrial chemical factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing trans-1,2-
dichloroethylene well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience
problems with their liver.
Contaminant (units): Dichloromethane (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.005
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 5
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from pharmaceutical and chemical factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing dichloromethane in
excess of the MCL over many years could have liver problems and may have an
increased risk of getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): 1,2-Dichloropropane (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.005
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 5
MCLG: 0
171
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from industrial chemical factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing 1,2-dichloropropane
in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting
cancer.
Contaminant (units): Ethylbenzene (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.7
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 700
MCLG: 700
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from petroleum refineries.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing ethylbenzene well in
excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver or
kidneys.
Contaminant (units): Haloacetic Acids acids (HAA5) (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.060
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 60
MCLG: N/A
Major sources in drinking water: Byproduct of drinking water disinfection.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing haloacetic acids in
excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): Styrene (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.1
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 100
MCLG: 100
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from rubber and plastic factories; leaching
from landfills.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing styrene well in excess
of the MCL over many years could have problems with their liver, kidneys, or
circulatory system.
Contaminant (units): Tetrachloroethylene (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.005
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 5
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from factories and dry cleaners.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing tetrachloroethylene in
excess of the MCL over many years could have problems with their liver, and
may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene (ppb)
172
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.07
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 70
MCLG: 70
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from textile-finishing factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing 1,2,4-
trichlorobenzene well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience
changes in their adrenal glands.
Contaminant (units): 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.2
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 200
MCLG: 200
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from metal degreasing sites and other
factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing 1,1,1-trichloroethane
in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver,
nervous system, or circulatory system.
Contaminant (units): 1,1,2-Trichloroethane (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.005
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 5
MCLG: 3
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from industrial chemical factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing 1,1,2-trichloroethane
well in excess of the MCL over many years could have problems with their liver,
kidneys, or immune systems.
Contaminant (units): Trichloroethylene (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.005
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 5
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from metal degreasing sites and other
factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing trichloroethylene in
excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver
and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): TTHMs [Total trihalomethanes] (total trihalomethanes) (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.10/0.080
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 100/80
MCLG: N/A
173
Major sources in drinking water: Byproduct of drinking water chlorination.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing trihalomethanes in
excess of the MCL over many years may experience problems with their liver,
kidneys, or central nervous systems system, and may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): Toluene (ppm)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 1
To convert for CCR, multiply by: --
MCL in CCR units: 1
MCLG: 1
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from petroleum factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing toluene well in excess
of the MCL over many years could have problems with their nervous system,
kidneys, or liver.
Contaminant (units): Vinyl Chloride (ppb)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 0.002
To convert for CCR, multiply by: 1000
MCL in CCR units: 2
MCLG: 0
Major sources in drinking water: Leaching from PVC piping; discharge from plastics
factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing vinyl chloride in
excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Contaminant (units): Xylenes (ppm)
Traditional MCL in mg/L: 10
To convert for CCR, multiply by: --
MCL in CCR units: 10
MCLG: 10
Major sources in drinking water: Discharge from petroleum factories; discharge from
chemical factories.
Health effects language: Some people who drink water containing xylenes in excess of
the MCL over many years could experience damage to their nervous system.
Key:
Abbreviation Meaning
AL
Action
Level
action level
MCL
Maximum Contaminant Level maximum contaminant level
MCLG
Maximum Contaminant Level Goal maximum contaminant level goal
MFL
million fibers per liter
MRDL
Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level maximum residual disinfectant
level
MRDLG
Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal maximum residual
174
disinfectant level goal
mrem/year
millirems per year (a measure of radiation absorbed by the body)
N/A Not
Applicable
not applicable
NTU Nephelometric Turbidity Units nephelometric turbidity units(a measure
of water clarity)
pCi/L
picocuries per liter (a measure of radioactivity)
ppm
parts per million, or milligrams per liter (mg/L)
ppb
parts per billion, or micrograms per liter (
µ
g/L)
ppt
parts per trillion, or nanograms per liter
ppq
parts per quadrillion, or picograms per liter
TT Treatment
Technique
treatment technique
BOARD NOTE: Derived from Appendix A to Subpart O to 40 CFR 141 (2000), as added at 65
Fed. Reg. 76749 (December 7, 2000), effective December 8, 2003, as amended at 66 Fed. Reg.
6976 (January 22, 2001), 66 Fed. Reg. 16134 (March 23, 2001), and 66 Fed. Reg. 28342 (May
22, 2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________ effective ______________________)
Section 611.Appendix G NPDWR Violations and Situations Requiring Public Notice
See note 1 at the end of this Appendix for an explanation of the Agency’s authority to alter the
magnitude of a violation from that set forth in the following table.
MCL/MRDL/TT
violations
2
Monitoring & testing
procedure violations
Contaminant Tier
of
public
notice
required
Citation Tier of
public
notice
required
Citation
I. Violations of National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR):
3
A. Microbiological Contaminants
1. Total coliform
2
611.325(a)
3
611.521-
611.525
2. Fecal coliform/E. coli
1
611.325(b)
4
1, 3
611.525
3. Turbidity MCL
2
611.320(a)
3
611.560
4. Turbidity MCL (average of
two days’ samples >5 NTU)
5
2, 1
611.320(b)
3
611.560
175
5. Turbidity (for TT violations
resulting from a single
exceedence of maximum
allowable turbidity level)
6
2, 1
611.231(b),
611.233(b)(1),
611.250(a)(2),
611.250(b)(2),
611.250(c)(2),
611.250(d),
611.743(a)(2),
611.743(b)
3 611.531(a),
611.532(b),
611.533(a),
611.744
6. Surface Water Treatment
Rule violations, other than
violations resulting from single
exceedence of max. allowable
turbidity level (TT)
2 611.211,
611.213,
611.220,
611.230-
611.233,
611.240-
611.242,
611.250
3 611.531-
611.533
7. Interim Enhanced Surface
Water Treatment Rule
violations, other than violations
resulting from single
exceedence of max. turbidity
level (TT)
2
7
611.740-
611.743
3 611.742,
611.744
8. Filter Backwash Recycling
Rule violations
2 611.276
3 611.276
B. Inorganic Chemicals (IOCs)
1. Antimony
2 611.301(b)
3 611.600,
611.601,
611.603
2. Arsenic
2
611.300(b),
611.612(c)
10
611.301(b)
3 611.100,
611.101,
611.612
9
611.601,
611.612(a),
611.612(b)
3. Asbestos (fibers >10 m)
2
611.301(b)
3
611.600,
611.601,
611.602
4. Barium
2 611.301(b)
3 611.600,
611.601,
611.603
5. Beryllium
2 611.301(b)
3 611.600,
611.601,
611.603
176
6. Cadmium
2 611.301(b)
3 611.600,
611.601,
611.603
7. Chromium (total)
2
611.301(b)
3
611.600,
611.601,
611.603
8. Cyanide
2 611.301(b)
3 611.600,
611.601,
611.603
9. Fluoride
2 611.301(b)
3 611.600,
611.601,
611.603
10. Mercury (inorganic)
2
611.301(b)
3
611.600,
611.601,
611.603
11. Nitrate
1
611.301(b)
8
10
1, 3
611.600,
611.601,
611.604,
611.606
12. Nitrite
1
611.301(b)
8
10
1, 3
611.600,
611.601,
611.605,
611.606
13. Total Nitrate and Nitrite
1
611.301(b)
3
611.600,
611.601
14. Selenium
2 611.301(b)
3 611.600,
611.601,
611.603
15. Thallium
2 611.301(b)
3 611.600,
611.601,
611.603
C. Lead and Copper Rule (Action Level for lead is 0.015 mg/L, for copper is 1.3 mg/L)
1. Lead and Copper Rule (TT)
2
611.350-
611.355
3 611.356-
611.359
D. Synthetic Organic Chemicals (SOCs)
1. 2,4-D
2 611.310(c)
3 611.648
2. 2,4,5-TP (silvex)
2
611.310(c)
3
611.648
3. Alachlor
2 611.310(c)
3 611.648
4. Atrazine
2 611.310(c)
3 611.648
5. Benzo(a)pyrene (PAHs)
2
611.310(c)
3
611.648
6. Carbofuran
2 611.310(c)
3 611.648
7. Chlordane
2 611.310(c)
3 611.648
8. Dalapon
2 611.310(c)
3 611.648
177
9. Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate
2 611.310(c)
3 611.648
10. Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
2 611.310(c)
3 611.648
11. Dibromochloropropane
(DBCP)
2 611.310(c)
3 611.648
12. Dinoseb
2 611.310(c)
3 611.648
13. Dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD)
2
611.310(c)
3
611.648
14. Diquat
2 611.310(c)
3 611.648
15. Endothall
2 611.310(c)
3 611.648
16. Endrin
2 611.310(c)
3 611.648
17. Ethylene dibromide
2
611.310(c)
3
611.648
18. Glyphosate
2 611.310(c)
3 611.648
19. Heptachlor
2 611.310(c)
3 611.648
20. Heptachlor epoxide
2
611.310(c)
3
611.648
21. Hexachlorobenzene
2 611.310(c)
3 611.648
22. Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
2 611.310(c)
3 611.648
23. Lindane
2 611.310(c)
3 611.648
24. Methoxychlor
2 611.310(c)
3 611.648
25. Oxamyl (Vydate)
2
611.310(c)
3
611.648
26. Pentachlorophenol 2 611.310(c)
3 611.648
27. Picloram
2 611.310(c)
3 611.648
28. Polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs)
2 611.310(c)
3 611.648
29. Simazine
2 611.310(c)
3 611.648
30. Toxaphene
2 611.310(c)
3 611.648
E. Volatile Organic Chemicals (VOCs)
1. Benzene
2 611.310(a)
3 611.646
2. Carbon tetrachloride
2
611.310(a)
3
611.646
3. Chlorobenzene
(monochlorobenzene)
2 611.310(a)
3 611.646
4. o-Dichlorobenzene 2 611.310(a)
3 611.646
5. p-Dichlorobenzene 2 611.310(a)
3 611.646
6. 1,2-Dichloroethane 2 611.310(a)
3 611.646
7. 1,1-Dichloroethylene
2 611.310(a)
3 611.646
8. cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene
2 611.310(a)
3 611.646
9. trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene
2 611.310(a)
3 611.646
10. Dichloromethane
2 611.310(a)
3 611.646
11. 1,2-Dichloropropane
2 611.310(a)
3 611.646
12. Ethylbenzene
2 611.310(a)
3 611.646
13. Styrene
2 611.310(a)
3 611.646
14. Tetrachloroethylene
2 611.310(a)
3 611.646
15. Toluene
2 611.310(a)
3 611.646
16. 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
2 611.310(a)
3 611.646
17. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
2 611.310(a)
3 611.646
178
18. 1,1,2-Trichloroethane
2 611.310(a)
3 611.646
19. Trichloroethylene 2 611.310(a)
3 611.646
20. Vinyl chloride
2
611.310(a)
3
611.646
21. Xylenes (total)
2
611.310(a)
3
611.646
F. Radioactive Contaminants
1. Beta/photon emitters
2
611.330(d)
3
611.720(a),
611.732
2. Alpha emitters
2
611.330(c)
3
611.720(a),
611.731
3. Combined radium (226 &
228)
2 611.330(b)
3 611.720(a),
611.731
4. Uranium
9
11
2 611.330(e)
10
12
3 611.720(a),
611.731
G. Disinfection Byproducts (DBPs), Byproduct Precursors, Disinfectant Residuals. Where
disinfection is used in the treatment of drinking water, disinfectants combine with organic and
inorganic matter present in water to form chemicals called disinfection byproducts (DBPs).
USEPA sets standards for controlling the levels of disinfectants and DBPs in drinking water,
including trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs).
1113
1. Total trihalomethanes
(TTHMs)
2
12
14
611.310,
611.312(a)
3 611.680-
611.688,
611.382(a)-(b)
2. Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)
2
611.312(a)
3
611.382(a)-(b)
3. Bromate
2 611.312(a)
3 611.382(a)-(b)
4. Chlorite
2 611.312(a)
3 611.382(a)-(b)
5. Chlorine (MRDL)
2
611.313(a)
3
611.382(a), (c)
6. Chloramine (MRDL)
2
611.313(a)
3
611.382(a), (c)
7. Chlorine dioxide (MRDL),
where any two consecutive daily
samples at entrance to
distribution system only are
above MRDL
2 611.313(a),
611.383(c)(3)
2
13
15
, 3
611.382(a), (c),
611.383(c)(2)
8. Chlorine dioxide (MRDL),
where sample(s) samples in
distribution system the next day
are also above MRDL
14
16
1 611.313(a),
611.383(c)(3)
1 611.382(a), (c),
611.383(c)(2)
9. Control of DBP precursors--
TOC (TT)
2 611.385(a)-(b)
3 611.382(a),
(d)
10. Benchmarking and
disinfection profiling
N/A N/A
3
611.742
11. Development of monitoring
plan
N/A N/A
3
611.382(f)
179
H. Other Treatment Techniques
1. Acrylamide (TT)
2
611.296
N/A
N/A
2. Epichlorohydrin (TT)
2
611.296
N/A
N/A
II. Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring:
15
17
A. Unregulated contaminants
N/A
N/A
3
611.510
B. Nickel
N/A
N/A
3
611.603,
611.611
III. Public Notification for Relief Equivalent to a SDWA Section 1415 Variance or a Section
1416 Exemption:
A. Operation under relief
equivalent to a SDWA section
1415 variance or a section 1416
exemption
3
16
18
1415, 1416
N/A
N/A
B. Violation of conditions of
relief equivalent to a SDWA
section 1415 variance or a
section 1416 exemption
2 1415,
1416,
17
19
611.111,
611.112
N/A N/A
IV. Other Situations Requiring Public Notification:
A. Fluoride secondary
maximum contaminant level
(SMCL) exceedence
3 611.858
N/A
N/A
B. Exceedence of nitrate MCL
for non-community systems a
non-CWS supplier, as allowed
by the Agency
1 611.300(d)
N/A
N/A
C. Availability of unregulated
contaminant monitoring data
3 611.510
N/A
N/A
D. Waterborne disease outbreak
1
611.101,
611.233(b)(2)
N/A N/A
E. Other waterborne emergency
18
20
1 N/A
N/A
N/A
F. Other situations as
determined by the Agency by a
an SEP issued pursuant to
Section 611.110
1, 2, 3
N/A
N/A
N/A
Appendix G--Endnotes
1. Violations and other situations not listed in this table (e.g., reporting violations and failure to
prepare Consumer Confidence Reports) do not require notice, unless otherwise determined by
the Agency by a an SEP issued pursuant to Section 611.110. The Agency may, by a an SEP
issued pursuant to Section 611.110, further require a more stringent public notice tier (e.g., Tier
180
1 instead of Tier 2 or Tier 2 instead of Tier 3) for specific violations and situations listed in this
Appendix, as authorized under Sections 611.902(a) and 611.903(a).
2. Definition of the abbreviations used: “MCL” means maximum contaminant level, “MRDL”
means maximum residual disinfectant level, and “TT” means treatment technique.
3. The term “violations of National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR)” is used
here to include violations of MCL, MRDL, treatment technique, monitoring, and testing
procedure requirements.
4. Failure to test for fecal coliform or E. coli is a Tier 1 violation if testing is not done after any
repeat sample tests positive for coliform. All other total coliform monitoring and testing
procedure violations are Tier 3 violations.
5. A supplier that violates the turbidity MCL of 5 NTU based on an average of measurements
over two consecutive days must consult with the Agency within 24 hours after learning of the
violation. Based on this consultation, the Agency may subsequently decide to issue a an SEP
pursuant to Section 611.110 that elevates the violation to a Tier 1 violation. If a system supplier
is unable to make contact with the Agency in the 24-hour period, the violation is automatically
elevated to a Tier 1 violation.
6. A supplier with a treatment technique violation involving a single exceedence of a maximum
turbidity limit under the Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) or the Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule (IESWTR) are required to consult with the Agency within 24
hours after learning of the violation. Based on this consultation, the Agency may subsequently
decide to issue a an SEP pursuant to Section 611.110 that elevates the violation to a Tier 1
violation. If a system supplier is unable to make contact with the Agency in the 24-hour period,
the violation is automatically elevated to a Tier 1 violation.
7. Most of the requirements of the Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (63 Fed.
Reg. 69477 (December 16, 1998)) (Sections 611.740-611.741, 611.743-611.744) become
effective January 1, 2002 for a Subpart B supplier (surface water systems and groundwater
systems under the direct influence of surface water) that serves at least 10,000 persons.
However, Section 611.742 is currently effective. The Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR)
remains in effect for systems a supplier serving at least 10,000 persons even after 2002; the
Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule adds additional requirements and does not in
many cases supercede the SWTR.
8. The arsenic MCL citations are effective January 23, 2006. Until then, the citations are
Sections 611.330(b) and 611.612(c).
9. The arsenic Tier 3 violation MCL citations are effective January 23, 2006. Until then, the
citations are Sections 611.100, 611.101, and 611.612.
8. 10. Failure to take a confirmation sample within 24 hours for nitrate or nitrite after an initial
sample exceeds the MCL is a Tier 1 violation. Other monitoring violations for nitrate are Tier 3.
181
9. 11. The uranium MCL Tier 2 violation citations are effective December 8, 2003 for all
community water systems a CWS supplier.
10. 12. The uranium Tier 3 violation citations are effective December 8, 2000 for all community
water systems a CWS supplier.
11. 13. A Subpart B community or non-transient non-community system supplier that serves
10,000 persons or more must comply with new DBP MCLs, disinfectant MRDLs, and related
monitoring requirements beginning January 1, 2002. All other community and non-transient
non-community systems must meet the MCLs and MRDLs beginning January 1, 2004. A
Subpart B transient non-community system supplier serving 10,000 or more persons that uses
chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant must comply with the chlorine dioxide MRDL
beginning January 1, 2002. A Subpart B transient non-community system supplier that serves
fewer than 10,000 persons, which uses only groundwater not under the direct influence of
surface water, and which uses chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant must comply with the
chlorine dioxide MRDL beginning January 1, 2004.
12. 14. Section 611.310 will no longer apply after January 1, 2004.
13. 15. Failure to monitor for chlorine dioxide at the entrance to the distribution system the day
after exceeding the MRDL at the entrance to the distribution system is a Tier 2 violation.
14. 16. If any daily sample taken at the entrance to the distribution system exceeds the MRDL
for chlorine dioxide and one or more samples taken in the distribution system the next day
exceed the MRDL, Tier 1 notification is required. A failure to take the required samples in the
distribution system after the MRDL is exceeded at the entry point also triggers Tier 1
notification.
15. 17. Some water suppliers must monitor for certain unregulated contaminants listed in Section
611.510.
16. 18. This citation refers to sections 1415 and 1416 of the federal Safe Drinking Water Act.
sections 1415 and 1416 require that “a schedule prescribed . . . for a public water system granted
relief equivalent to a SDWA section 1415 variance or a section 1416 exemption must require
compliance by the system . . ..”
17. 19. In addition to sections 1415 and 1416 of the federal Safe Drinking Water Act, 40 CFR
142.307 specifies the items and schedule milestones that must be included in relief equivalent to
a SDWA section 1415 small system variance. In granting any form of relief from an NPDWR,
the Board will consider all applicable federal requirements for and limitations on the State’s
ability to grant relief consistent with federal law.
18. 20. Other waterborne emergencies require a Tier 1 public notice under Section 611.902(a)
for situations that do not meet the definition of a waterborne disease outbreak given in Section
611.101, but which still have the potential to have serious adverse effects on health as a result of
182
short-term exposure. These could include outbreaks not related to treatment deficiencies, as well
as situations that have the potential to cause outbreaks, such as failures or significant interruption
in water treatment processes, natural disasters that disrupt the water supply or distribution
system, chemical spills, or unexpected loading of possible pathogens into the source water.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from Appendix A to Subpart Q to 40 CFR 141 (2000), as amended at 65
Fed. Reg. 76750 (December 7, 2000), effective December 8, 2003.
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________ effective ______________________)
Section 611.Appendix H Standard Health Effects Language for Public Notification
Contaminant MCLG
1
mg/L
MCL
2
mg/L
Standard health effects language
for public notification
National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR):
A. Microbiological Contaminants
1a. Total coliform
Zero
See footnote
3
Coliforms are bacteria that are
naturally present in the
environment and are used as an
indicator that other, potentially-
harmful, bacteria may be present.
Coliforms were found in more
samples than allowed and this was
a warning of potential problems.
1b. Fecal coliform/E. coli
Zero
Zero
Fecal coliforms and E. coli are
bacteria whose presence indicates
that the water may be contaminated
with human or animal wastes.
Microbes in these wastes can cause
short-term effects, such as diarrhea,
cramps, nausea, headaches, or other
symptoms. They may pose a
special health risk for infants,
young children, some of the
elderly, and people with severely
compromised immune systems.
183
2a. Turbidity (MCL)
4
None
1 NTU
5
/5
NTU
Turbidity has no health effects.
However, turbidity can interfere
with disinfection and provide a
medium for microbial growth.
Turbidity may indicate the
presence of disease-causing
organisms. These organisms
include bacteria, viruses, and
parasites that can cause symptoms
such as nausea, cramps, diarrhea,
and associated headaches.
2b. Turbidity (SWTR TT)
None
TT
7
Turbidity has no health effects.
However,
6
turbidity can interfere
with disinfection and provide a
medium for microbial growth.
Turbidity may indicate the
presence of disease-causing
organisms. These organisms
include bacteria, viruses, and
parasites that can cause symptoms
such as nausea, cramps, diarrhea
and associated headaches.
2c. Turbidity (IESWTR TT)
None
TT
Turbidity has no health effects.
However,
8
turbidity can interfere
with disinfection and provide a
medium for microbial growth.
Turbidity may indicate the
presence of disease-causing
organisms. These organisms
include bacteria, viruses, and
parasites that can cause symptoms
such as nausea, cramps, diarrhea
and associated headaches.
B. Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) and, Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment
Rule (IESWTR) violations, and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule (FBRR)
3. Giardia lamblia
(SWTR/IESWTR)
Zero TT
10
Inadequately treated water may
contain disease-causing organisms.
These organisms include bacteria,
viruses, and parasites that can
cause symptoms such as nausea,
cramps, diarrhea, and associated
headaches.
4. Viruses
(SWTR/IESWTR)
184
5. Heterotrophic plate count
(HPC) bacteria
9
(SWTR/IESWTR)
6. Legionella
(SWTR/IESWTR)
7. Cryptosporidium
(IESWTR/FBRR)
C. Inorganic Chemicals (IOCs)
8. Antimony
0.006
0.006
Some people who drink water
containing antimony well in excess
of the MCL over many years could
experience increases in blood
cholesterol and decreases in blood
sugar.
9. Arsenic
11
None 0 0.05
0.01
Some people who drink water
containing arsenic in excess of the
MCL over many years could
experience skin damage or
problems with their circulatory
system, and may have an increased
risk of getting cancer.
10. Asbestos (10 μm)
7 MFL
1112
7
MFL
Some people who drink water
containing asbestos in excess of the
MCL over many years may have an
increased risk of developing benign
intestinal polyps.
11. Barium
2
2
Some people who drink water
containing barium in excess of the
MCL over many years could
experience an increase in their
blood pressure.
12. Beryllium
0.004
0.004
Some people who drink water
containing beryllium well in excess
of the MCL over many years could
develop intestinal lesions.
13. Cadmium
0.005
0.005
Some people who drink water
containing cadmium in excess of
the MCL over many years could
experience kidney damage.
14. Chromium (total)
0.1
0.1
Some people who use water
containing chromium well in
excess of the MCL over many
years could experience allergic
dermatitis.
185
15. Cyanide
0.2
0.2
Some people who drink water
containing cyanide well in excess
of the MCL over many years could
experience nerve damage or
problems with their thyroid.
16. Fluoride
4.0
4.0
Some people who drink water
containing fluoride in excess of the
MCL over many years could get
bone disease, including pain and
tenderness of the bones. Fluoride in
drinking water at half the MCL or
more may cause mottling of
children’s teeth, usually in children
less than nine years old. Mottling,
also known as dental fluorosis, may
include brown staining and/or
pitting of the teeth, and occurs only
in developing teeth before they
erupt from the gums.
17. Mercury (inorganic)
0.002
0.002
Some people who drink water
containing inorganic mercury well
in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience kidney
damage.
18. Nitrate
10
10
Infants below the age of six months
who drink water containing nitrate
in excess of the MCL could
become seriously ill and, if
untreated, may die. Symptoms
include shortness of breath and
blue baby syndrome.
19. Nitrite
1
1
Infants below the age of six months
who drink water containing nitrite
in excess of the MCL could
become seriously ill and, if
untreated, may die. Symptoms
include shortness of breath and
blue baby syndrome.
20. Total Nitrate and Nitrite
10
10
Infants below the age of six months
who drink water containing nitrate
and nitrite in excess of the MCL
could become seriously ill and, if
untreated, may die. Symptoms
include shortness of breath and
blue baby syndrome.
186
21. Selenium
0.05
0.05
Selenium is an essential nutrient.
However, some people who drink
water containing selenium in
excess of the MCL over many
years could experience hair or
fingernail losses, numbness in
fingers or toes, or problems with
their circulation.
22. Thallium
0.0005
0.002
Some people who drink water
containing thallium in excess of the
MCL over many years could
experience hair loss, changes in
their blood, or problems with their
kidneys, intestines, or liver.
D. Lead and Copper Rule
23. Lead
Zero
TT
12
13
Infants and children who drink
water containing lead in excess of
the action level could experience
delays in their physical or mental
development. Children could show
slight deficits in attention span and
learning abilities. Adults who drink
this water over many years could
develop kidney problems or high
blood pressure.
24. Copper
1.3
TT
13
14
Copper is an essential nutrient, but
some people who drink water
containing copper in excess of the
action level over a relatively short
amount of time could experience
gastrointestinal distress. Some
people who drink water containing
copper in excess of the action level
over many years could suffer liver
or kidney damage. People with
Wilson’s Disease should consult
their personal doctor.
E. Synthetic Organic Chemicals (SOCs)
25. 2,4-D
0.07
0.07
Some people who drink water
containing the weed killer 2,4-D
well in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience
problems with their kidneys, liver,
or adrenal glands.
187
26. 2,4,5-TP (silvex)
0.05
0.05
Some people who drink water
containing silvex in excess of the
MCL over many years could
experience liver problems.
27. Alachlor
Zero
0.002
Some people who drink water
containing alachlor in excess of the
MCL over many years could have
problems with their eyes, liver,
kidneys, or spleen, or experience
anemia, and may have an increased
risk of getting cancer.
28. Atrazine
0.003
0.003
Some people who drink water
containing atrazine well in excess
of the MCL over many years could
experience problems with their
cardiovascular system or
reproductive difficulties.
29. Benzo(a)pyrene
(PAHs).
Zero
0.0002
Some people who drink water
containing benzo(a)pyrene in
excess of the MCL over many
years may experience reproductive
difficulties and may have an
increased risk of getting cancer.
30. Carbofuran
0.04
0.04
Some people who drink water
containing carbofuran in excess of
the MCL over many years could
experience problems with their
blood, or nervous or reproductive
systems.
31. Chlordane
Zero
0.002
Some people who drink water
containing chlordane in excess of
the MCL over many years could
experience problems with their
liver or nervous system, and may
have an increased risk of getting
cancer.
32. Dalapon
0.2
0.2
Some people who drink water
containing dalapon well in excess
of the MCL over many years could
experience minor kidney changes.
188
33. Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate
0.4
0.4
Some people who drink water
containing di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate
well in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience
general toxic effects or
reproductive difficulties.
34. Di(2-ethylhexyl)-
phthalate
Zero
0.006
Some people who drink water
containing di(2-ethylhexyl)-
phthalate in excess of the MCL
over many years may have
problems with their liver, or
experience reproductive
difficulties, and may have an
increased risk of getting cancer.
35. Dibromochloropropane
(DBCP)
Zero
0.0002
Some people who drink water
containing DBCP in excess of the
MCL over many years could
experience reproductive difficulties
and may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
36. Dinoseb
0.007
0.007
Some people who drink water
containing dinoseb well in excess
of the MCL over many years could
experience reproductive
difficulties.
37. Dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD)
Zero
3 x 10
-8
Some people who drink water
containing dioxin in excess of the
MCL over many years could
experience reproductive difficulties
and may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
38. Diquat
0.02
0.02
Some people who drink water
containing diquat in excess of the
MCL over many years could get
cataracts.
39. Endothall
0.1
0.1
Some people who drink water
containing endothall in excess of
the MCL over many years could
experience problems with their
stomach or intestines.
40. Endrin
0.002
0.002
Some people who drink water
containing endrin in excess of the
MCL over many years could
experience liver problems.
189
41. Ethylene dibromide
Zero
0.00005
Some people who drink water
containing ethylene dibromide in
excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems
with their liver, stomach,
reproductive system, or kidneys,
and may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
42. Glyphosate
0.7
0.7
Some people who drink water
containing glyphosate in excess of
the MCL over many years could
experience problems with their
kidneys or reproductive difficulties.
43. Heptachlor
Zero
0.0004
Some people who drink water
containing heptachlor in excess of
the MCL over many years could
experience liver damage and may
have an increased risk of getting
cancer.
44. Heptachlor epoxide
Zero
0.0002
Some people who drink water
containing heptachlor epoxide in
excess of the MCL over many
years could experience liver
damage, and may have an increased
risk of getting cancer.
45. Hexachlorobenzene
Zero
0.001
Some people who drink water
containing hexachlorobenzene in
excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems
with their liver or kidneys, or
adverse reproductive effects, and
may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
46.
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
0.05
0.05
Some people who drink water
containing
hexachlorocyclopentadiene well in
excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems
with their kidneys or stomach.
47. Lindane
0.0002
0.0002
Some people who drink water
containing lindane in excess of the
MCL over many years could
experience problems with their
kidneys or liver.
190
48. Methoxychlor
0.04
0.04
Some people who drink water
containing methoxychlor in excess
of the MCL over many years could
experience reproductive
difficulties.
49. Oxamyl (Vydate)
0.2
0.2
Some people who drink water
containing oxamyl in excess of the
MCL over many years could
experience slight nervous system
effects.
50. Pentachlorophenol
Zero
0.001
Some people who drink water
containing pentachlorophenol in
excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems
with their liver or kidneys, and may
have an increased risk of getting
cancer.
51. Picloram
0.5
0.5
Some people who drink water
containing picloram in excess of
the MCL over many years could
experience problems with their
liver.
52. Polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs)
Zero
0.0005
Some people who drink water
containing PCBs in excess of the
MCL over many years could
experience changes in their skin,
problems with their thymus gland,
immune deficiencies, or
reproductive or nervous system
difficulties, and may have an
increased risk of getting cancer.
53. Simazine
0.004
0.004
Some people who drink water
containing simazine in excess of
the MCL over many years could
experience problems with their
blood.
54. Toxaphene
Zero
0.003
Some people who drink water
containing toxaphene in excess of
the MCL over many years could
have problems with their kidneys,
liver, or thyroid, and may have an
increased risk of getting cancer.
191
F. Volatile Organic Chemicals (VOCs)
55. Benzene
Zero
0.005
Some people who drink water
containing benzene in excess of the
MCL over many years could
experience anemia or a decrease in
blood platelets, and may have an
increased risk of getting cancer.
56. Carbon tetrachloride
Zero
0.005
Some people who drink water
containing carbon tetrachloride in
excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems
with their liver and may have an
increased risk of getting cancer.
57. Chlorobenzene
(monochlorobenzene)
0.1
0.1
Some people who drink water
containing chlorobenzene in excess
of the MCL over many years could
experience problems with their
liver or kidneys.
58. o-Dichlorobenzene
0.6
0.6
Some people who drink water
containing o-dichlorobenzene well
in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems
with their liver, kidneys, or
circulatory systems.
59. p-Dichlorobenzene
0.075
0.075
Some people who drink water
containing p-dichlorobenzene in
excess of the MCL over many
years could experience anemia,
damage to their liver, kidneys, or
spleen, or changes in their blood.
60. 1,2-Dichloroethane
Zero
0.005
Some people who drink water
containing 1,2-dichloroethane in
excess of the MCL over many
years may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
61. 1,1-Dichloroethylene
0.007
0.007
Some people who drink water
containing 1,1-dichloroethylene in
excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems
with their liver.
62. cis-1,2-
Dichloroethylene
0.07
0.07
Some people who drink water
containing cis-1,2-dichloroethylene
in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems
with their liver.
192
63. trans-1,2-
Dichloroethylene
0.1
0.1
Some people who drink water
containing trans-1,2-
dichloroethylene well in excess of
the MCL over many years could
experience problems with their
liver.
64. Dichloromethane
Zero
0.005
Some people who drink water
containing dichloromethane in
excess of the MCL over many
years could have liver problems
and may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
65. 1,2-Dichloropropane
Zero
0.005
Some people who drink water
containing 1,2-dichloropropane in
excess of the MCL over many
years may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
66. Ethylbenzene
0.7
0.7
Some people who drink water
containing ethylbenzene well in
excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems
with their liver or kidneys.
67. Styrene
0.1
0.1
Some people who drink water
containing styrene well in excess of
the MCL over many years could
have problems with their liver,
kidneys, or circulatory system.
68. Tetrachloroethylene
Zero
0.005
Some people who drink water
containing tetrachloroethylene in
excess of the MCL over many
years could have problems with
their liver, and may have an
increased risk of getting cancer.
69. Toluene
1
1
Some people who drink water
containing toluene well in excess of
the MCL over many years could
have problems with their nervous
system, kidneys, or liver.
70. 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
0.07
0.07
Some people who drink water
containing 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene
well in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience
changes in their adrenal glands.
193
71. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
0.2
0.2
Some people who drink water
containing 1,1,1-trichloroethane in
excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems
with their liver, nervous system, or
circulatory system.
72. 1,1,2-Trichloroethane
0.003
0.005
Some people who drink water
containing 1,1,2-trichloroethane
well in excess of the MCL over
many years could have problems
with their liver, kidneys, or
immune systems.
73. Trichloroethylene
Zero
0.005
Some people who drink water
containing trichloroethylene in
excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems
with their liver and may have an
increased risk of getting cancer.
74. Vinyl chloride
Zero
0.002
Some people who drink water
containing vinyl chloride in excess
of the MCL over many years may
have an increased risk of getting
cancer.
75. Xylenes (total)
10
10
Some people who drink water
containing xylenes in excess of the
MCL over many years could
experience damage to their nervous
system.
G. Radioactive Contaminants
76. Beta/photon emitters
Zero
4 mrem/yr
14
15
Certain minerals are radioactive
and may emit forms of radiation
known as photons and beta
radiation. Some people who drink
water containing beta and photon
emitters in excess of the MCL over
many years may have an increased
risk of getting cancer.
77. Alpha emitters
Zero
15 pCi/L
15
16
Certain minerals are radioactive
and may emit a form of radiation
known as alpha radiation. Some
people who drink water containing
alpha emitters in excess of the
MCL over many years may have an
increased risk of getting cancer.
194
78. Combined radium (226
& 228)
Zero
5 pCi/L
Some people who drink water
containing radium 226 or 228 in
excess of the MCL over many
years may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
79. Uranium
16
17
Zero
30
µ
g/L
Some people who drink water
containing uranium in excess of the
MCL over many years may have an
increased risk of getting cancer and
kidney toxicity.
H. Disinfection Byproducts (DBPs), Byproduct Precursors, and Disinfectant Residuals: Where
disinfection is used in the treatment of drinking water, disinfectants combine with organic and
inorganic matter present in water to form chemicals called disinfection byproducts (DBPs).
USEPA sets standards for controlling the levels of disinfectants and DBPs in drinking water,
including trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAA5)
17
18
80. Total trihalomethanes
(TTHMs)
N/A 0.10/0.080
18
19
20
Some people who drink water
containing trihalomethanes in
excess of the MCL over many
years may experience problems
with their liver, kidneys, or central
nervous system, and may have an
increased risk of getting cancer.
81. Haloacetic Acids
(HAA5)
N/A 0.060
20
21
Some people who drink water
containing haloacetic acids in
excess of the MCL over many
years may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
82. Bromate
Zero
0.010
Some people who drink water
containing bromate in excess of the
MCL over many years may have an
increased risk of getting cancer.
83. Chlorite
0.08
1.0
Some infants and young children
who drink water containing chlorite
in excess of the MCL could
experience nervous system effects.
Similar effects may occur in fetuses
of pregnant women who drink
water containing chlorite in excess
of the MCL. Some people may
experience anemia.
195
84. Chlorine
4 (MRDLG)
21
22
4.0 (MRDL)
22
23
Some people who use water
containing chlorine well in excess
of the MRDL could experience
irritating effects to their eyes and
nose. Some people who drink water
containing chlorine well in excess
of the MRDL could experience
stomach discomfort.
85. Chloramines
4 (MRDLG)
4.0 (MRDL)
Some people who use water
containing chloramines well in
excess of the MRDL could
experience irritating effects to their
eyes and nose. Some people who
drink water containing chloramines
well in excess of the MRDL could
experience stomach discomfort or
anemia.
85a. Chlorine dioxide,
where any two consecutive
daily samples taken at the
entrance to the distribution
system are above the
MRDL
0.8
(MRDLG)
0.8 (MRDL)
Some infants and young children
who drink water containing
chlorine dioxide in excess of the
MRDL could experience nervous
system effects. Similar effects may
occur in fetuses of pregnant women
who drink water containing
chlorine dioxide in excess of the
MRDL. Some people may
experience anemia.
Add for public notification only:
The chlorine dioxide violations
reported today are the result of
exceedences at the treatment
facility only, not within the
distribution system that delivers
water to consumers. Continued
compliance with chlorine dioxide
levels within the distribution
system minimizes the potential risk
of these violations to consumers.
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86a. Chlorine dioxide,
where one or more
distribution system samples
are above the MRDL
0.8
(MRDLG)
0.8 (MRDL)
Some infants and young children
who drink water containing
chlorine dioxide in excess of the
MRDL could experience nervous
system effects. Similar effects may
occur in fetuses of pregnant women
who drink water containing
chlorine dioxide in excess of the
MRDL. Some people may
experience anemia.
Add for public notification only:
The chlorine dioxide violations
reported today include exceedences
of the USEPA standard within the
distribution system that delivers
water to consumers. Violations of
the chlorine dioxide standard
within the distribution system may
harm human health based on short-
term exposures. Certain groups,
including fetuses, infants, and
young children, may be especially
susceptible to nervous system
effects from excessive chlorine
dioxide exposure.
87. Control of DBP
precursors (TOC)
None
TT
Total organic carbon (TOC) has no
health effects. However, total
organic carbon provides a medium
for the formation of disinfection
byproducts. These byproducts
include trihalomethanes (THMs)
and haloacetic acids (HAAs).
Drinking water containing these
byproducts in excess of the MCL
may lead to adverse health effects,
liver or kidney problems, or
nervous system effects, and may
lead to an increased risk of getting
cancer.
197
I. Other Treatment Techniques:
88. Acrylamide
Zero
TT
Some people who drink water
containing high levels of
acrylamide over a long period of
time could have problems with
their nervous system or blood, and
may have an increased risk of
getting cancer.
89. Epichlorohydrin
Zero
TT
Some people who drink water
containing high levels of
epichlorohydrin over a long period
of time could experience stomach
problems, and may have an
increased risk of getting cancer.
Appendix H--Endnotes
1. “MCLG” means maximum contaminant level goal.
8. There are various regulations that set turbidity standards for different types of systems,
including Section 611.320, the 1989 Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR), and the 1998
Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (IESWTR). For a supplier subject to the
2. “MCL” means maximum contaminant level.
3. For a water supplier analyzing at least 40 samples per month, no more than 5.0 percent of the
monthly samples may be positive for total coliforms. For a supplier analyzing fewer than 40
samples per month, no more than one sample per month may be positive for total coliforms.
4. There are various regulations that set turbidity standards for different types of systems,
including Section 611.320, the 1989 Surface Water Treatment Rule, and the 1998 Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule. The MCL for the monthly turbidity average is 1 NTU;
the MCL for the 2-day average is 5 NTU for a supplier that is required to filter but has not yet
installed filtration (Section 611.320).
5. “NTU” means nephelometric turbidity unit.
6. There are various regulations that set turbidity standards for different types of systems,
including Section 611.320, the 1989 Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR), and the 1998
Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (IESWTR). A supplier subject to the Surface
Water Treatment Rule (both filtered and unfiltered) may not exceed 5 NTU. In addition, in
filtered systems, 95 percent of samples each month must not exceed 0.5 NTU in systems using
conventional or direct filtration and must not exceed 1 NTU in systems using slow sand or
diatomaceous earth filtration or other filtration technologies approved by the Agency.
7. “TT” means treatment technique.
198
IESWTR (systems serving at least 10,000 people, using surface water or groundwater under the
direct influence of surface water), that use conventional filtration or direct filtration, after
January 1, 2002, the turbidity level of a system’s combined filter effluent may not exceed 0.3
NTU in at least 95 percent of monthly measurements, and the turbidity level of a system’s
combined filter effluent must not exceed 1 NTU at any time. A supplier subject to the IESWTR
using technologies other than conventional, direct, slow sand, or diatomaceous earth filtration
must meet turbidity limits set by the Agency.
9. The bacteria detected by heterotrophic plate count (HPC) are not necessarily harmful. HPC is
simply an alternative method of determining disinfectant residual levels. The number of such
bacteria is an indicator of whether there is enough disinfectant in the distribution system.
10. SWTR and IESWTR treatment technique violations that involve turbidity exceedences may
use the health effects language for turbidity instead.
11. These arsenic values are effective January 23, 2006. Until then, the MCL is 0.05 mg/L and
there is no MCLG.
11. 12. Millions of fibers per liter.
12. 13. Action Level = 0.015 mg/L.
13. 14. Action Level = 1.3 mg/L.
14. 15. Millirems per year.
15. 16. Picocuries per liter.
16. 17. The uranium MCL is effective December 8, 2003 for all community water systems.
17. 18. A surface water system supplier or a groundwater system supplier under the direct
influence of surface water is regulated under Subpart B of this Part. A Supbart B community
water system supplier or a non-transient non-community system supplier that serves 10,000 or
more persons must comply with DBP MCLs and disinfectant maximum residual disinfectant
levels (MRDLs) beginning January 1, 2002. All other community and non-transient non-
community system suppliers must meet the MCLs and MRDLs beginning January 1, 2004.
Subpart B transient non-community system suppliers serving 10,000 or more persons and using
chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant must comply with the chlorine dioxide MRDL
beginning January 1, 2002. Subpart B transient non-community system suppliers serving fewer
than 10,000 persons and systems using only groundwater not under the direct influence of
surface water and using chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant must comply with the
chlorine dioxide MRDL beginning January 1, 2004.
18. 19. The MCL of 0.10 mg/L for TTHMs is in effect until January 1, 2002 for a Subpart B
community water system supplier serving 10,000 or more persons. This MCL is in effect until
January 1, 2004 for community water systems with a population of 10,000 or more using only
199
groundwater not under the direct influence of surface water. After these deadlines, the MCL will
be 0.080 mg/L. On January 1, 2004, a supplier serving fewer than 10,000 will have to comply
with the new MCL as well.
19. 20. The MCL for total trihalomethanes is the sum of the concentrations of the individual
trihalomethanes.
20. 21. The MCL for haloacetic acids is the sum of the concentrations of the individual
haloacetic acids.
21. 22. “MRDLG” means maximum residual disinfectant level goal.
22. 23. “MRDL” means maximum residual disinfectant level.
BOARD NOTE: Derived from Appendix B to Subpart Q to 40 CFR 141 (2000), as added
amended at 65 Fed. Reg. 76751 (December 7, 2000), effective December 8, 2003, and at 66 Fed.
Reg. 6976 (January 22, 2001).
BOARD NOTE: Derived from Appendix B to Subpart Q to 40 CFR 141, as added at 65 Fed. Reg.
26043 (May 4, 2000) (2000), as amended at 66 Fed. Reg. 6976 (January 22, 2001).
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________ effective ______________________)
Section 611.Table Z
Federal Effective Dates
The following are the effective dates of the federal MCLs:
Fluoride (40 CFR 141.60(b)(1))
October 2, 1987
(corresponding with Section 611.301(b))
(benzene, carbon tetrachloride, p-dichlorobenzene, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1-dichloro-
ethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, and vinyl chloride)
Phase I VOCs (40 CFR 141.60(a)(1))
July 9, 1989
(corresponding with Section 611.311(a))
Lead and Copper (40 CFR, Subpart I)
July 7, 1991
(corresponding with Subpart G of this Part)
(lead and copper monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping requirements of 40 CFR
141.86 through 141.91)
Phase II IOCs (40 CFR 141.60(b)(2))
July 30, 1992
(corresponding with Section 611.301(b))
(asbestos, cadmium, chromium, mercury, nitrate, nitrite, and selenium)
Phase II VOCs (40 CFR 141.60(a)(2))
July 30, 1992
200
(corresponding with Section 611.311(a))
(o-dichlorobenzene, cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, 1,2-di-
chloropropane, ethylbenzene, monochlorobenzene, styrene, tetrachloroethylene,
toluene, and xylenes (total))
Phase II SOCs (40 CFR 141.60(a)(2))
July 30, 1992
(corresponding with Section 611.311(c))
(alachlor, atrazine, carbofuran, chlordane, dibromochloropropane, ethylene di-
bromide, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, lindane, methoxychlor, polychlorinated bi-
phenyls, toxaphene, 2,4-D, and 2,4,5-TP (Silvex) (silvex))
Lead and Copper (40 CFR, Subpart I)
December 7, 1992
(corresponding with Subpart G of this Part)
(lead and copper corrosion control, water treatment, public education, and lead
service line replacement requirements of 40 CFR 141.81 through 141.85)
Phase IIB IOC (40 CFR 141.60(b)(2))
January 1, 1993
(aldicarb, aldicarb sulfone, aldicarb sulfoxide, and pentachlorophenol;
(corresponding with Section 611.301(b))
(barium)
Phase IIB SOCs (40 CFR 141.60(a)(2))
January 1, 1993
(corresponding with Section 611.311(c))
U.S. EPA
USEPA stayed the effective date as to the MCLs for aldicarb, aldicarb sulfone, and
aldicarb sulfoxide, but the monitoring requirements became effective January 1,
1993)
Phase V VOCs (40 CFR 141.60(a)(3))
January 17, 1994
(benzo[a]pyrene, dalapon, di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
dinoseb, diquat, endothall, endrin, glyphosate, hexachlorobenzene, hexachlorocyclo-
pentadiene, oxamyl, picloram, simazine, and 2,3,7,8-TCDD)
Phase V IOCs (40 CFR 141.60(b)(3))
January 17, 1994
(corresponding with Section 611.301(b))
(antimony, beryllium, cyanide, nickel, and thallium)
(corresponding with Section 611.311(a))
(dichloromethane, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, and 1,1,2-trichloroethane)
Phase V SOCs (40 CFR 141.60(a)(3))
January 17, 1994
(corresponding with Section 611.311(c))
Disinfection/disinfectant byproducts (40 CFR 141.64 & 141.65)
Smaller Systems (serving
≤
10,000 persons)
December 16, 2001
Larger Systems (serving >10,000 persons)
December 16, 2003
(corresponding with Section 611.312 & 611.313)
(total trihalomethanes, haloacetic acids (five), bromate, chlorite, chlorine,
201
chloramines, and chlorine dioxide)
Radionuclidess (40 CFR 141.66)
December 8, 2003
(corresponding with Section 611.330)
(combined radium (Ra-226 + Ra-228), gross alpha particle activity, beta particle and
photon activity, and uranium)
Arsenic (40 CFR 141.62(b)(16))
January 23, 2006
(corresponding with Section 611.301(b))
(arsenic)
(Source: Amended at 26 Ill. Reg. ________, effective ______________________)
