ILLINOIS POLLUTION
CONTROL BOARD
April
18,
1996
IN THE MATTER
OF:
)
)
R95-17
SAFE DRINKING
WATER ACT
UPDATE,
)
(Identical-in-Substance Rules)
USEPA Amendments (January
1
through
)
(Public Water Supplies)
June 30, 1995)
)
Proposal for Public Comment.
PROPOSED OPINION
AND ORDER OF THE
BOARD
(by R.C.
Flemal):
SUMMARY
OF TODAY’S ACTION
Pursuant
to
Section
17.5’
of the Environmental Protection
Act (Act),
the Board today
proposes to update its regulations that are identical
in substance to USEPA regulations
implementing the Safe Drinking Water Act
(SDWA).
The Board
rules are contained
in 35
Iii.
Adm.
Code 611.
The text of the proposed rules appears
in the order segment of this
document, following the discussions.
Section
17.5
of the Act provides
for quick ado~ptionof regulations that are
“identical in
substance” to federal
regulations.
Section
17.5
provides that Title VII of the Act and Section
5
of the Illinois Administrative Procedure Act
(APA) shall not apply.
Because this
rulemaking
is not
subject to
Section
5
of the APA
(5
ILCS
100/5-35
and
545),
it
is not
subject to first
notice requirements or second notice
review by
the Joint
Committee on Administrative
Rules
(JCAR).
As discussed more ftilly below, this rulemaking involves
revisions of the Illinois public
water supply regulations.
It
includes the federal
amendments to
the SDWA
analytical
procedures corrections and the deletion of obsolete, redundant, and outdated rules adopted by
USEPA on June 29,
1995.
Further
involved are several corrections to the base
text of the
regulations,
as requested by the Illinois EPA (Agency).
PUBLIC COMMENTS
The Board requests public comments on this
proposal.
The Board will
accept
comments for 45 days after Notices of Proposed Amendments appears in the Illinois Register.
The Board will then act promptly
to adopt amendments based on the federal
amendments
involved in this
docket.
Interested persons should address their comments
to
the Clerk of the Board.
They
should provide one original
and nine copies and reference docket number R95-17 on the front
of each copy.
2
ROUTINE DISCUSSIONS
At
the end of the opinion segment of this document are two routine discussions
generally made as part of identical-in-substance
opinions.
The first
is
a summary of the
history of the Illinois
SDWA
identical-in-substance proceedings.
The
second is a summary of
some of the conventions the Board
uses in deriving identical-in-substance rules.
We present
those discussions for general informational purposes.
FEDERAL
ACTIONS COVERED BY THIS RULEMAKING
AND GENERAL DISCUSSION OF THE PRESENT
ISSUES
The SDWA program was drawn from 40 CFR
141
(national primary drinking water
regulations or NPDWRs), 40 CFR
142
(NPDWRs implementation),
and 40 CFR
143
(national
secondary drinking water regulations or NSDWRs).
The nominal update period ofthe R95-17
docket is
from January
1,
1995
through June 30,
1995.
USEPA amended
its
SDWA
regulations three times during the update period; two
sets of amendments require Board action,
and the third does not.
The federal actions during the time-frame of this docket were as
follows:
60 Fed.
Reg.
33658
(June 28,
1995)(Revisions to State Primacy Provisions)
60 Fed.
Reg.
33912
(June 29,
1995)(Deletion of Obsolete, Redundant, and
Out-Dated
Rules)
60 Fed.
Reg.
34084
(June 29,
1995)(Analytical Methods Technical
Corrections)
The
amendments to the state primacy
provisions,
adopted by USEPA on June 28,
1995,
amended
the provisions for withdrawal of federal
authorization of a
state’s SDWA
program.
None of the USEPA amendments affected the actual state program requirements, so
no Board action is
necessary beyond noting the federal
action.
The deletion of obsolete,
redundant, and
out-dated rules
on June 29,
1995
included revisions
to elements of the federal
rules that have counterparts in the Illinois
regulations.
Amendments resulted to
the Illinois
rules from
those federal
amendments.
The analytical methods amendments of June 29,
1995
corrected minor errors
in the analytical methods amendments of December 5,
1994
(59
Fed.
Reg.
1994), adopted by
the Board in consolidated docket R94-24/R95-3
on June
15,
1995,
and
in the July
17,
1992
(57
Fed.
Reg.
31776)
federal Phase V rules, adopted by the Board in
docket R93-1
on July
13,
1993.
The June 29,
1993
analytical methods corrections also require
Board action.
Board
action is
further required by
a comment filed March
1,
1996 by the Agency.
That comment highlights
various errors and inconsistencies in
the text of all of the Subtitle F
regulations (including the groundwater protection and groundwater quality rules).
The Agency
3
requested numerous corrections
to the text
of the rules.
Further discussion of this
request and
a detailed outline of the corrections
appear below
in this
discussion.
DETAILED
SECTION-BY-SECTION-ANALYSIS
The Board proposes amendments
in response to these federal actions.
The
following
detailed section-by-section discussion focuses on the details of the actions taken.
Routine,
General and Housekeeping Amendments--All
Sections
The Board has performed a number of standard revisions to the text of the federal
rules.
The single most common revision is
a change in usage
to
“USEPA”, reversing the
changes begun in an earlier update docket.
The Joint Committee
on Administrative Rules
requested that
the Board standardize the usage,
choosing either
“USEPA” or
“U.S. EPA”
throughout the text of all regulations
in all
media (air, water,
land, drinking water, etc.).
The
Agency
Bureau of Air requested that the Board use “USEPA”.
After consideration of the
Bureau of Air’s request, the Board elected to begin the conversion to
“USEPA”, which
commences in this docket as to the drinking water regulations
and which will continue.into the
future.
Other standard
revisions are so minor as to warrant no explanation.
The standard
changes are as follows:
1.
Where the federal
rules require an
action
“by”
a certain date, the Board
renders that as
“on or before” that date.
2.
We have changed various
subsections to the active voice, rather than following the
federal use of the passive
voice.
3.
We have updated all Board
Notes to
reflect the
1995
version ofthe Code of Federal
Regulations, where
appropriate.
Agencv-Reciuested Corrections to the Rules--Many
Sections
The Board received a letter on March 4,
1996 from the Agency.
The Agency has
reviewed all of the Subtitle F regulations.
The letter highlights
a number of errors and format
anomalies in the texts of Parts
601,
602,
603,
606,
607,
611, 615,
616,
617,
and
620.
The
Agency uses the letter to suggest a number of corrective and conforming amendments that it
wants the Board to ultimately make to the texts in Subtitle
F.
The Board
is making a great
number of the revisions suggested by the Agency,
but we cannot make all the requested
changes in the context of this proceeding.
For a variety of reasons,’
most of the amendments
Most notably,
many of the requesthd corrections relate to rules adopted by the Section 27
general rulemaking procedure, they
do not affect identical-in-substance subject matter, and/or
the amendments may require substantive review of the affected rule.
4
the Board is
not making
in this proceeding are the proper
subject of a
Section 27
general
rulemaking proceeding;
those amendments are not the proper subject of a
Section 17.5
identical-in-substance proceeding.
Parts
601
through 611
constitute the current Illinois drinking water rules.
The primary
emphasis of Parts 601,
602,
603,
606,
and
607
is
on regulations unique to Illinois;
these Parts
predate
the advent of the current federal primary drinking water rules,
and segments of those
older rules
survive in Parts
601,
602,
603,
and 607.
The Board ultimately repealed Parts
604
and 605
in the course of implement the federal primary drinking water regulations of 40 CFR
141
through
143,
from which Part 611
is
derived.
The Board
cannot “amend” the repealed
Parts 604 and 605
so as to update the format of the Source
Notes, as requested by the Agency.
Further,
most of the Agency-requested corrective and conforming amendments to
Parts 601,
602,
603,
606,
and 607
are not necessary to
implementing the federal primary drinking water
regulations,
and
some would require substantive review of the rules.
Neither of these types of
action is
appropriate in
the context ofan
identical-in-substance proceeding.
Parts
615 through 617 are the Illinois water well setback regulations,
adopted using the
general rulemaking procedure of Sections
14.4 and 27 of the Act in R89-5,
effective January
10,
1992.
The Board adopted Part 620 pursuant to Section 27 of the Act
and
Section 8
of the
Illinois
Groundwater Protection Act
415
ILCS
55/8
in R89-14, effective November 25,
1991.
The subject matters of the setback and
groundwater protection rules do not relate to the
federal primary drinking water regulations.
Amendment of these Parts
is
also inappropriate in
the context of an identical-in-substance proceeding.
The Board has reviewed the entire list of over
100
suggested revisions
submitted by
the
Agency.
Numerous amendments have resulted to the texts of Parts
607 and
611.
The Board
made the recommended corrections and revisions
within these Parts
that were related to the
Board’s identical-in-substance mandate under
Section
17.5 of the Act.
The table
indicates a
summary response to each Agency suggestion, and notes at the end of the table
give further
explanation where necessary.
The following summarizes the Agency’s suggestions and
indicates the Board’s response to
each:
Agency-Recommended Corrections and Revisions
Section
Agency Request
Board Response/Action
1.
601
Source
Note
Update
to ILCS
citation
§
27
subject matter
2.
601.101
Update to
ILCS
citation
§
27
subject matter
3.
601.103
Section missing from SOS file
Call SOS and provide copy of
filed rule
4.
601.105
“Act”
Update to
ILCS
citation
§
27 subject matter
5.
601.105
“boil
Change “bacte~iologically”to
§
27 subject matter
order”
“microbiologically”
6.
601.105
“certified
laboratory”
7.
601.105
“per-
sistent contam-
ination”
8.
601.105 “recurring
contamination”
9.
601.105
“re-sell
water”
S
Add reference to Illinois
Department of Nuclear Safety;
Update to ILCS
citation
Change
“check samples”
to
“repeat
samples”
Change
“calendar year” to
“twelve
consecutive month period”
Change to
“sell water”
§
27
subject matters
See
note
1
below
See note
2
below
See
note
3 below
10.
602 Source Note
Update to ILCS
citation
§
27
subject matter
11.
602.105
Update names of statutes
cited;
§
27
subject matters
update
to ILCS
citations
12.
602.108
Repunctuate Section;
correct cross-
reference
to
Section 602.105(c)
§
27
subject matters
13. 602:109(a)
Correct to “registered person”
§
27
subject matter
14. 602.110(c)
Add definite article before
“perrnittee”
§
27
subject matter
15.
602.114
Add comma after “Part”
§
27
subject matter
16. 602.115(b)
Update to ILCS citation
§
27
subject matter
17.
602.120
Change to
“this Part”
§
27
subject matter
18.
603
Source
Note
Update to ILCS
citation
§
27
subject matter
19.
603.102
Update statutory citations;
update to
ILCS citation
§
27 subject matters
20.
603.103
Update statutory citations;
update to
ILCS citation
§
27
subject matters
21.
603.103(a)
Change
“for” to
“of”
§
27
subject matter
22.
603.104
Update statutory citations;
update to
ILCS citation
§
27
subject matters
23.
603.104(c)
Change “for”
to
“of”
§
27 subject matter
24.
604.401
Provision not
shown as repealed
in
SOS filed copy
Call
SOS to
assure Section
does not appear
25.
607
Source Note
Update to ILCS
citation
See Note 4 below
26.
607.103(a)
Add requirement for boiling
minimum specified time;
add
requirement for continuing
notice
until
occurrence of specified event
§
27
subject matter
27.
607.103(b)
Repunctuate subsection for
enhanced clarity
§
27
subject matter
28.
607.104(c)
Change reference
to Part
611,
to
reflect repeal of Parts 605
and 606
Done in this
docket;
see note
4
below
6
Correct “35
Ill.
Adm.
Code
603.103 or 604.102”
to
“35
Ill.
Adm.
Code
104
or Section
17(b) of
the Act
29.
607.104(e)
§
27
subject matter
30.
611.100(a)
Correct ILCS
citation to Section
Done in this
docket
17.5
31.
611.100(b)
Add
“to”
Done in this
docket
32.
611.102(b)
Change
“Test”
to
“Testing”
Done in
this docket
“Technical Bulletin
601”
33.
611.102(b)
Change
“Graphit”
to
“Graphite”
Done in
this docket
“ASTM Method
D1688-90A or C”
34.
611. 130(b)(2)(A)
Change “TTHM” to
“Fluoride”
Done in this docket
35.611. 130(c)(1)
Change “PAT”
to
“PTA”
See note
5
below
Board Note
36.
611 .212(b)(3)(A)
Add “or”
Done in
this docket
37.
61 1.212(d)(3)
Change “organism”
to
“organisms”
Done in this docket
38.
611 .212(e)(1)
Correct “turbidity”
Done in this docket
39.
611.212(0(2)
Add
“surface”
Done in this
docket
40.
611.212(g)
Correct “occurrence”
Done in this
docket
41.
611.220 Board
Correct citation to Public Health
See note 6 below
Note
Code
42.
611
.357(c)(1)
Correct cross-reference to
“611 .356(d)(2)(A)”
Done in this docket
43.
611 .357(c)(2)
Correct cross-reference to
“611
.356(d)(2)(B)”
Done in this
docket
44.
611
.359(a)(2)(C)
Add reference to the Agency’s
future
35 Ill. Adm.
Code
184
regulations
See note 7 below
45.
611 .510(b)(1 1)
Correct dieldrin method to
“525.2”
Done in this docket,
8 below
see
note
46. 611 .531(a)(2)
Change “to” to “of”
See note 9 below
47.
611.591
Correct
“result of analysis.
.
.
indicates”
Done in this docket
48.
611.606(b)
Insert
“a”
Done in this docket
49. 611.61 1(a)(22)-
Correct “discrete”
Done in
this docket
(E)
.
50.
611.61 1(c)(1)
Add reference to the Agency’s
future 35
Ill. Adm.
Code
184
regulations
See note 7
below
51.
611.611(c)(2)(G)
Correct “mg/U’
Done in
this
docket
7
Add comma
Correct cross-reference to Section
611.648(k)
Correct
“alachlor”
Done in this docket
See note
10 below
52. 611.630(b)
53. 611.641(d)
Done in this docket
54.
611.645
Board
Note
55.
61 1.646(k)(5)(C)
Add
“the”
Done in this docket
56.
611 .646(q)(1)(A),
Add reference to
the Agency’s
See note
7
below
(q)(2)(A) & (s)(2)(A)
future
35 Ill.
Adm.
Code
184
regulations
57. 611.648
A page (subsections
(1) through
(r))
is missing fromthe SOS filed copy
of the text
Call SOS
and provide copy of
filed rule
58.
611 .648(s)(2)(B)
Correct to
“below”
Done in this docket
59.
611.683(a), (a)(4)
Correct cross-references to Section
Done in this docket
& (b)(1)
611.680(b)
60.
611.684
Correct cross-reference
to
Section
Done in this docket
.
611.680(b)
61.
611.685
Delete references to methods
deleted in R94-23/R95-3; the SOS
filed copy has two versions of the
text
References deleted in this
docket;
call
SOS to assure
only correct version appears
62.
611.720(b)
Correct to
“are”
Done in this docket
63.
611 .731(a)(1) &
Repunctuate proviso
Done in this docket
(c)(4)
64. 611.731 (c)(2)
Change to “processes”
Done in this docket
65. 611 .732(a)(2)
Repunctuate proviso;
correct to
“dose”
Done in this docket
66.
611.831
Delete unnecessary
comma
Done in this docket
67. 611.840(b)
Repunctuate
for clarity
See
note
11
below
68. 61 1.851(c)(3)
Delete cross-reference to
Section
611.647
Done in this docket
69.
611.852(c)(1)
Correct to
“withint
Done in this docket
70.
611.855
Missing from the SOS
filed text
Call SOS and
provide a copy
if needed
71.
611.858
Correct cross-references to Sections
.
611.301(b) and
611.603
Done in this docket
72.
611.864
.
Provision not adopted by the Board
appears in SOS text
Call JCAR
.
73.
611.870
Delete cross-references to repealed
Section 611.650 or repeal
whole
Section
Section repealed
in this docket
74.
611.App.
A(16),
(24), (53),
(57),
(58)
& (70)
75.
611.App.
A(20)
76. 611.App. A(28)
77.
611.App.
A(36),
(40) & (41)
78.
611.App.
B
8
Correct usage
to
“groundwater”
Done in this docket
Done in
this docket
Done in
this docket
See note
12 below
Correct punctuation
Correct to
“hearts”
Correct to
“an”
Add Table headings used by
Done in
this docket,
see
note
USEPA; use
“?“
and
“?“;
delete
13 below
H’,
79.
61 1.App.
B,
Table
1.1
Correct values to
“376” and “298”
Done in this docket
80.
611 .App.
B,
Correct values to
“218” and
“226”
Done in this
docket
Table
1.3
81.
611. App.
B,
Correct value to
“98”
Done in this docket
Table
1.4
82.
611 .App.
B,
Remove decimal points from values;
Done in this docket
Tables 2.1
& 3.1
add missing
footnotes from federal
text
83.
611 .Table
E
The
SOS filed text
includes two
versions ofthis provision
Call SOS
for deletion of
improper version
84.
611 .Table F
Correct alignment oftext
Done in this docket
85.
615
Authority
Update to ILCS citation
§
27
subject matter
Note
86.
615.102 pre-
Update to ILCS citation
§
27
subject matter
amble,
“groundwater
standards”
& “licens-
ed water well
contractor”
87.
615.102
“reg-
Update to new statutory citation
§
27
subject matter
istered land
surveyor” &
“registered
professional
engineer”
88.
615.203(b)(1) &
Update to
ILCS citation
§
27
subject matter
(b)(2)
89.
615.462
Correct cross-reference to
“Subpart
~
§
27
subject matter
90.
616
Authority
Update to ILCS citation
§
27
subject matter
Note
91.
616.101
Update to
ILCS citation
§
27
subject matter
9
Update to
ILCS
citation
Correct statutory
source
reference
to
“Section
14.2(c) of the Act”
Correct heading to
“Section
616.447”
Update to
ILCS
citation
§
27
subject matter
§
27
subject matter
§
27
subject matter
Note
1:
The term
“check” sample
is used
in Sections 611 .680(b)(3) and
611 .683(b)(1) of the
Board’ s rules (as it
is
in corresponding 40 CFR
141
.
30(b)(3) and
(c)(2)),
which relate to
trihalomethanes,
and
in Section 611 .860(a)(2) of the Board’s rules
(as it
is
in corresponding 40
CFR 141. 33(a)(2)),
which relates
to bacteriological
sampling.
It also appears in Sections
654.301(c); 654.303(b);
and 654.304(a), (b),
and (e) of the Agency’s rules,
which relate to.
bacteriological sampling.
The phrase
“repeat”
sample
is used in Sections 611.325(b),
611.522,
611 .523(a)(2) and
(a)(3),
and 611.525 of the Board’s rules (as it is
in corresponding
40 CFR
141 .63(b) and
141 .21(b), (c)(1)(ii), (c)(1)(iii),
and
(e))
in the context of
microbiological monitoring.
In Section
611.560(b) (and
corresponding 40
CFR 141.22(b)),
the term relates
to turbidity monitoring.
Although
a federal
transition in terminology could
92.
616. 102
93.
616. 104(g)
94.
616.447
§
27
subject matter
95.
617 Authority
Note
96.
617.101
Update to ILCS
citation
§
27
subject matter
97.
617.102
Update to ILCS
citation
§
27
subject matter
98.
620
Authority
Update to ILCS
citation
§
27
subject matter
Note
99.
620.110 pre-
Update to ILCS citation
§
27
subject matter
amble,
“IGPA”,
“Private Sewage
Disposal Act”
&
“previously mined
area” Board
Note
100.
620.110
“cumu-
Correct citation
to
“Surface Coal
§
27
subject matter
lative impact area”
Mining Land Conservation and
Reclamation Act” and update to
ILCS citation
101.
620.110
“unit”
Correct format of statutory
source
reference
§
27
subject matter
102.
620.260(k)(2)
Correct ILCS
citation to
“520 ILCS
10”
§
27
subject matter
103.
620.301(c)
Use “Illinois Oil and
Gas
Act”
in
§
27
subject matter
statutory
citation and update to
ILCS
citation
104.
620.420(b)(2)
Update to ILCS citation
§
27
subject matter
105.
620.450(b)(1)
Update to ILCS
citation
§
27 subject matter
106.
620.505(a)(5)-
Update to ILCS
citations
§
27
subject matter
(A)
&
(a)(5)(C)
10
prompt identical-in-substance
amendment of Illinois
regulations not
directly derived from
federal regulations in
order to
maintain consistency in the rules, the Board
will not amend this
usage at this
time.
The term “check”
is used as part of the definition of “persistent
contamination” and is not defined here.
That means that this
is
part of the mixed,
interchangeable usage of “check”
and
“repeat” sampling,
rather than the core source of
possible confusion,
and
the suggested amendment would
not
add further clarity.
Since
alteration of the usage should
consider the merits of the regulatory text
on some basis
other
than consistency with the federal
program, this is
more appropriately a subject of a Section 27
proceeding.
Note 2:
The phrase
“recurrent contamination” appears only
in Section 653.607(b)(3) of the
Agency’s regulations and
nowhere else in Parts
601
through
603,
607,
or 611
of the Board’s
rules.
Therefore
the requested amendment would
not
serve to
conform the Board’s rules to
the federal
SDWA program.
Amendment or repeal of rules on any other basis
is more
appropriate in the context of a Section 27 proceeding.
Note
3:
The phrase
“re-sell water” appears only in this definition.
The phrase
“sell water”
appears only
in Section 611. 100(d)(3) (as it is
in corresponding 40 CFR
141.3(c)).
Therefore
the requested amendment would
not
serve to conform
the Board’s rules to the federal
SDWA
program.
Amendment or repeal of rules
on any other basis
is more appropriate in the context
of a Section 27 proceeding.
Note 4:
The repeal of Part 605 occurred in docket R93-1,
and the repeal of Part 606
occurred
in docket R88-26.
Since both dockets were
identical-in-substance proceedings, and the Board
did not correct the references at that those
times,
the amendment is the proper subject of this
proceeding.
Since this Part is
open for this
amendment, the Board
will comply
with the
Agency’s request and update the
statutory citation in
the authority note to the ILCS citation.
Note
5:
The use of “PAT”
indicated errors and
discrepancies in the text of the federal rules.
USEPA corrected these on July
1,
1994,
at
59
Fed.
Reg.
34324.
The Board did
not
delete the
discussion of the errors and
discrepancies at that time,
but is doing
so in
this docket.
Note
6:
The Board
cited 77 Ill. Adm.
Code 900.40(e),
which was the only provision relating
to operator certification that our research revealed.
This
citation further appears by way of
example,
“e.g.”.
We cannot see that revision
is necessary unless the
Agency can indicate a
more appropriate citation.
Note 7:
The Board cannot cross-reference
regulations that do
not yet exist.
In fact, our
research reveals that the Agency had not proposed these rules as of the March 22,
1996
issue
of the Illinois Register.
Since it will take the
Agency more
time to complete
its Part
184
rulemaking under Article V of the Administrative Procedure Act
(5
ILCS
100/5) than for the
Board
to adopt these amendments using
the identical-in-substance procedure, the Board will
wait until at least after the Agency has acted with regard to Part
184
before we update the
cross-references to
Part
183
to reflect Part
184.
That will likely occur in some
future docket.
11
Note
8:
In making
the
Agency-suggested correction, the Board notes that
method 508.1
was
also omitted for this
contaminant.
We add that correction to this docket as well.
Note 9:
The Board
prefers to substitute
“for” and has done
so.
Note
10:
The Board
makes the correction in the cross-reference,
but since former
Section
611.648(k) is
now codified as Section 611.645,
the Board used the new location.
Note
11:
The Board uses
“any”
in place of “the”
and
“of”
in place of “in”.
Note
12:
The term
“groundwater”
is
already used in subsections
(16) and (24), and
subsection
(56) is
amended
to delete its
substantive language
in
this proceeding,
so the Board made no
change in those
subsections.
The Board
converted all
remaining occurrences to
“groundwater”
in subsections
(53),
(57), and
(70),
a search further revealed that this change was also
necessary for subsection
(54).
Note
13:
USEPA uses
“?“
for pH 9.0
and greater in
Tables
1.1
through
1.6.
The Board has
corrected this
to
“?“,
which
is the correct
scientific symbol.
The Board has three basic options
in dealing with the
Agency-requested
amendments that we have determined are more appropriate in the context of
a
Section 27 general rulemaking proceeding:
1.
The Board could wait until the Agency files a separate
petition for amendments pursuant to
Section 27,
doing
nothing more until that time, then initiate the requested proceeding; or
2.
The Board could interpret the Agency’ s letter as a petition for amendments pursuant
to
Section 27,
and
immediately assign a separate
docket number and
initiate the rulemaking with
the Agency
as proponent.
The Board invites
comment on our responses to the Agency-recommended
corrections to the texts of Subtitle F Public Water
Supplies regulations.
The Board
further requests
specific public comment on the approach we should take to consideration
of the
Agency-requested amendments to Subtitle
F.
Corrections to
Analytical Methods--Sections 611.102(c)~611.526, 611.531.
611.600,
611.648.
611.683,
611.685
&
611.687
USEPA corrected typographical errors and technical errors and omissions
in the
SDWA
analytical methods on June 29,
1995,
at 60 Fed.
Reg.
34084.
The Board has
incorporated
the federal corrections with minimal deviation in language
as necessary to
conform with the text and format of the existing Illinois regulations.
12
A correction to 40
CFR 141.21(0(3) added a line
about sample storage temperatures at
footnote
1
to the table (corresponding
with 35
Ill. Adm.
Code
611.526(c)).
The Board added
this language
as an
independent clause, rather than as a
separate sentence,
and
conformed with
our existing
“supplier”
usage, rather than use
“supply”.
Another correction to
footnote 2
(corresponding with 35
Ill. Adm.
Code
611 .526(c)(1)(A)) added the omitted language
“and
false-negative rate”.
USEPA corrected the Standard Method 2550B
to 2550 for temperature at 40 CFR
141 .23(k)(1) (corresponding with 35
Ill.
Adm.
Code 611.61 1(a)(24)),
in order to reference the
entire
method.
It further removed footnote ito
the table at 40 CFR 141.23(k)(4)
(corresponding with 35
Ill. Adm. Code 6i1.611(b)(1)(A), (b)(3)(A), (b)(4)(A),
(b)(5)(A),
(b)(6)(A),
(b)(9)(A), (b)(10)(A),
(b)(14)(A), and (b)(15)(A)) to
remove language already
included
in the referenced analytical method.
Another correction in the text of the table
is
in
the proper format for
“NaOH”.
It was not necessary for the Board to act on
this latter
correction, since we did not
repeat it in the original adoption
of this provision.
USEPA also corrected
aspects of the synthetic and
volatile organic chemical
contaminant (SOC and VOC)
and trihalomethanes (THM)
analytical methods.
A correction to
the chemical name
“1 ,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane”
appeared
in 40 CFR
141 .24(h)(18)
(corresponding with 35
Ill. Adm.
Code
611 .648(r)(2)).
USEPA restored inadvertently-
removed language
from Part III of removed Appendix
C
to 40 CFR 141.30
at 40 CFR 141.30
(e)
and (g)
(corresponding with 35
Ill.
Adm.
Code 611.685 and new 611.687) relating to THM
and total THM potential sampling.
In incorporating the 40 CFR
141.30(e)
language, the
Board used this opportunity
to correct two oversights
from the prior R94-23/R95-3
docket:
we deleted the incorporation of previously-removed 40 CFR 141,
Subpart C,
Appendix C
from Section 611.102(c), and we restored language pertaining to total THM
sampling
erroneously
deleted from
Section 611.685
in that docket.
In incorporating the newly-restored
language of 40 CFR 141.30(g),
the Board has divided new Section 611.687
language into
subsections for enhanced clarity, altered the federal text
to use “must” in subsection (a),
and
imposed the provisions
of the subsections
(b) and (c) as requirements on
the “supplier”.
USEPA also
removed references to
USEPA methods 501.1
and 501.2 from
40 CFR 141.30(e)
(corresponding with 35
Ill.
Adm.
Code 611.685), which USEPA
had earlier removed as viable
for use.
No Board
action is
required to remove those
references
at this time because the Board
earlier removed them in R94-24/R95-3,
when we made the amendments necessary to centralize
the methods
in response to
the December
5,
1994 (59 Fed.
Reg.
62469) consolidation of
analytical methods.
Finally,
USEPA added a reference at 40 CFR
141 .30(c)(1)
(corresponding
with 35
Ill.
Adm.
Code 611.683(a)(1)) to the total THM potential
sampling
procedure of 40 CFR 141.30(g).
The Board
incorporated that amendment without revision.
USEPA
also corrected 40 CFR
141.74(a)(1)
(corresponding with 35
Ill.
Adm.
Code
611.531(a)(2)).
USEPA deleted the reference to
analysis for temperature, corrected the
method name “fecal coliform
procedure”,
added omitted language to footnote 2 to the table
pertaining to
sample storage temperatures, and corrected
the omission
from footnote
3
language referring to the “false-negative
rate” for total coliforms.
The Board
has incorporated
13
these federal corrections
with only minor deviations
from the federal text:
we have retained
our use of Board Notes to present the federal
footnote material,
and
we used “the supplier” in
place of “systems”.
Other
federal corrections
to
40 CFR
141 .74(a)(1)
were
not necessary in
the Illinois rules due to differences
in the structures
of the two
sets of regulations.
These
include
the use of superscript for marking the footnotes.
The Board invites
comment on our responses to the federal corrections to the Phase V
and
analytical methods regulations.
Deletion of Obsolete, Redundant. and Out-Dated Rules--Sections 611.300,
611.301,
611.600
&
611.Appendix A(56)
USEPA adopted the removal of obsolete, redundant, and out-dated
rules
on June 29,
1995
(60 Fed.
Reg.
33926) in response
to
a March 4,
1995
Presidential order.
The removal
rulemakings on that date embraced several federal environmental programs,
including
those
under
the Safe Drinking Water Act.
As to
the SDWA primary drinking water regulations,
USEPA removed seven segments of the rules.
An amendment to 40 CFR
141.11
(corresponding with
35
Ill. Adm.
Code 611.300)
removed all the old maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) except that for arsenic.
Those
MCLs appeared
in the newer
listing at 40 CFR
141.62 (corresponding with 35
Ill.
Adm.
Code
611.301).
It was not necessary for the Board to make corresponding deletions,
since the
Board had already
removed the duplicative MCLs from
Section 611.300;
however,
review of
subsections (b) through
(d) revealed other outdated language that we deleted in this
proceeding.
This
included an incorporation by
reference in subsection (d) rendered
superfluous by
the incorporation of the actual language from the
incorporated federal provision
in prior docket R93- 1.
Amendments to
40 CFR 141.23(a)(4)(i),
141 .62(b)(14), and
141.32(e)(56)
(corresponding with 35
Ill. Adm.
Code 611.600(d), 611.301(b), and 611.Appendix A(56),
respectively) removed the MCL
and health effects warning for nickel from the table of MCLs,
the methods table,
and
the health effects provision.
It left the nickel entries pertaining to
analytical methods, BAT,
and
detection limits
intact.
USEPA undertook this action in
response to
an agreed judicial remand in the consolidated litigation in
Nickel Development
Institute v.
EPA, No. 92-1407, and Specialty
Steel
Industry of the U.S.
v.
Browner, No. 92-
1410 (D.C.
Cir.).
The Board adopted the federal deletions without significant deviation.
We
added an explanatory Board Note
at Sections 611.301(b) and 611.600(d) relating to the
deletion of the nickel MCL.
We further used the opportunity
to remove obsolete language
from Section 611.301(b) and
its
Board Note.
We also added our customary language at
Section 611 .Appendix A(56) to maintain
structural parity with the federal
rules.
An amendment to 40
CFR
141 .23(k)(3)(ii) (corresponding with 35
Ill.
Adm.
Code
611.611(c)) corrected a
typographical error.
Since the Board corrected the error when
adopting
the original rule in R93-1,
the Board need not directly respond to this
federal action.
14
Although no
amendment of the corresponding Illinois
rule is necessary based on this
federal
action,
the Board deleted language
in the Board Note
at Section 611.611 (c)(2)(A) that
explained our correction of the federal error.
The Board does not need to respond to three other federal
rules deletions.
Illinois
never adopted the MCL goals (MCLGs) for drinking
water contaminants because these are not
mandatory
federal primary drinking water standards.
This means that no amendment is
necessary to remove the nickel MCLG entries as in 40
CFR 141.51(b).
Similarly, it
is not
necessary for the Board
to respond to the deletion of the one-time health effects notice for lead
of 40
CFR
141.34.
That requirement expired prior
to the
initial
implementation of the federal
primary drinking water standards when the Board adopted R88-26.
The Board never
incorporated that expired provision
into the Illinois rules.
The Board invites
comment on our responses to the federal deletion of obsolete,
redundant,
and out-dated
regulations.
SDWA REGULATORY
HISTORICAL SUMMARY
The Board adopted the initial round of USEPA drinking water regulations,
including
the “Phase I”
rules, adopted by
USEPA prior
to June 30,
1989,
as follows:
R88-26
114
PCB
149,
August
9,
1990
(14
111.
Reg.
16517, effective
September
20,
1990).
Subsequent dockets updated the regulations to
include
federal amendments since that
time:
R90-4
112 PCB 317,
dismissed June 21,
1990
(no USEPA amendments July
1
through December 31,
1989).
R90-13
117
PCB 687,
December 20,
1990
(15
Ill.
Reg.
1562, effective January
22,
1991) (January
1,
1990 through June 30,
1990).
R90-21
116 PCB 365,
November 29,
1990
(14 Iii.
Reg.
20448,
effective
December
11,
1990) (Corrections to R88-26).
R91-3
137
PCB 253, November
19,
1992
(16 111.
Reg.
19010,
effective
December
1,
1992) (USEPA Phase II and Coliforms--consolidated with
R92-9; July
1, 1990
through January
31,
1991).
R91-15
137
PCB 627,
dismissed
December 3,
1992
(no USEPA
amendments
February
1,
1991
through
May 31,
1991).
15
R92-3
--
PCB
--,
May 6,
1993
(17 Ill.
Reg.
7796, effective May 18,
1993)
(USEPA Phase IIB and Lead and
Copper rules; June 1,
1991
through
December 31,
1991).
R92-9
137
PCB
253,
November
19,
1992
(16 Ill. Reg.
19010,
effective
December
1,
1992) (Corrections to Phase
I rules,
R88-26--consolidated
with R91-3).
R92-12
137 PCB 725,
dismissed December
3,
1992
(no USEPA amendments
June
1,
1992
through June 30,
1991).
R93-1
--
PCB
--,
July
14,
1993
(17 Ill.
Reg.
12648,
effective July 23,
1993)
(USEPA
Phase V rules; July
1,
1992
through December
31,
1992).
R93-19
--
PCB
--,
dismissed
September 23,
1993
(no USEPA
amendments
January
1
through June 30,
1993).
R94-4
--
PCB
--,
July
21,
1994 (18 Ill.
Reg.
12291,
effective July
28,
1995)
(TTHM analytical methods; July
1,
1993
through December
31,
1993).
R94-23
--
PCB
--,
June 15,
1995
(19 Ill. Reg.
8613,
effective June 20,
1995)
(Lead
and Copper
Corrections;
January
1 through June 30,
1994)
(Consolidated with R95-3).
R95-3
--
PCB
--,
June 15,
1995
(19 Ill.
Reg.
8613,
effective June 20,
1995)
(Phase II,
IIB & V Corrections & Analytical Methods Amendments;
July
1
through December 31,
1994) (Consolidated
with R94-23).
R95-17
This Docket (January
1
through June,
30,
1995).
R96-7
--
PCB
--,
dismissed March 7,
1996
(no USEPA amendments July
1
through
December 31,
1995).
AGENCY OR BOARD
ACTION?
Section 7.2(a)(5) of the Act requires the Board to
specify which decisions USEPA will
retain.
In addition,
the Board
is to
specify which State agency
is
to make decisions based on
the general division of functions within the
Act and other Illinois
statutes.
In situations
where the Board has determined that
USEPA will retain
decision-making
authority,
the Board has replaced “Regiãnal Administrator”
with USEPA,
so as to avoid
specifying which office within USEPA
is
to make a decision.
16
In a few instances, decisions are not appropriate for Agency action pursuant
to a permit
application.
Among
the considerations
in determining the general division of authority
between the Agency
and
the Board
are the following:
1.
Is the person making the decision applying
a Board regulation, or taking action
contrary to
(“waiving”) a
Board regulation?
It generally takes some form of Board
action to
“waive”
a Board regulation.
2.
Is there a clear standard for action such that the Board can give meaningful review
to
an Agency
decision?
3.
Does the action result in exemption from the permit requirement itself?
If so,
Board action
is
generally required.
4.
Does the decision amount to
“determining,
defining or implementing
environmental control standards” within the meaning of Section 5(b) of the Act?
If so,
it must be
made by the Board.
There are four common classes of Board decision:
variance, adjusted standard,
site
specific rulemaking,
and enforcement.
The first three are methods by
which a regulation can
be temporarily postponed
(variance) or adjusted to meet specific
situations (adjusted standard
or site specific rulemaking).
Note that there often are differences
in the nomenclature for
these decisions between the USEPA and Board
regulations.
EDITORIAL CONVENTIONS
As a final note, the federal
rules have been edited
to establish a uniform usage
throughout the Board’s regulations.
For example, with respect to
“shall”,
“will”,
and
“may”,
“shall”
is used when the subject of a sentence has to do
something;
“must”
is used when
someone has to do something, but that someone
is
not the subject of the sentence;
“will”
is
used when the Board obliges itself to do
something,
and
“may”
is used when choice of a
provision is
optional.
As to the conjunctions,
“or”
is used rather than “and/or”,
and denotes
“one or both”;
“either
.
.
.
or”
denotes “one but not both”;
and
“and” denotes
“both”.
ORDER
The Board will promptly submit these proposed amendments
to the Secretary of State
for publication in
the Illinois
Register.
TITLE
35:
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
SUBTITLE F:
PUBLIC WATER
SUPPLIES
CHAPTER
1:
POLLUTION
CONTROL
BOARD
17
PART
607
OPERATION AND RECORD KEEPING
Section
607.101
Protection During Repair Work (Repealed)
607.102
Disinfection Following Repair or Reconstruction (Repealed)
607.103
Emergency Operation
607.104
Cross Connections
607.105
Laboratory
Testing
Equipment (Repealed)
607.106
Record Maintenance (Repealed)
607.APPENDlXppendix A
References to Former
Rules (Repealed)
AUTHORITY:
Implementing
Section
17
and
authorized
by
Section
27
of the Environmental
Protection Act ~ll1-
Rev.
Stat.
1985,
ch.
111
1/2,
pars.
1017
and
1027)1415
ILCS 5/17 & 271.
SOURCE:
Filed with Secretary of State
January
1,
1978;
amended
and
codified at
6 UI.
Reg.
11497
effective
September
14,
1982; amended
in R88-26 at
14 Ill. Reg.
16512, effective September 20,
1990;
amended in R95-17
at 20
Ill.
Reg.
.
effective
Section
607.104
Cross Connections
a)
No physical connection shall be permitted between the potable portion of a supply
and
any other
water
supply not of equal or better bacteriological
and
chemical
quality as determined by
inspection
and
analysis by
the
Agency, except
as provided for in subsection
(d).
b)
There shall be no arrangement or
connection by which an unsafe substance may enter a supply.
c)
Control of all
cross-connections to a supply is the responsibility of the owner or official
custodian of the
supply.
If a privately owned water supply source
meets
the
applicable criteria,
it may
be connected to a water
supply upon approval by
the owner or official custodian
and
by
the
Agency.
Where such connections are permitted, it is the responsibility of the public
water
supply officials to
assure submission from
such
privately owned water supply source
or sources
samples
and operating reports~
as
required by
35
III. Adm.
Code
605
and
606~flas applicable
to
the
cross-connected source.
d)
The Agency may
adopt
specific
conditions for control of unsafe
cross-connections,
which shall
be complied
with by the
supplies of this State,
as applicable.
These conditions shall be adopted
and/or changed by
the Agency as prescribed in
35
Ill. Adm.
Code
602.115.
e)
Each
community
water
supply exempted pursuant to
35
111.
Adm.
Code
603.103 or
604.402
shall provide
an active program approved by
the
Agency
to continually
educate
and
inform water
supply
consumers regarding prevention of the entry or contaminants into the distribution
system.
Conditions under which the
Agency
will approve
this active program shall be adopted or
changed by the
Agency as prescribed in 35
Ill.
Adm. Code
602.115.
(Source:
Amended at 20
Ill. Reg.
________,
effective
_______________________
TITLE 35:
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
18
SUBTITLE
F:
PUBLIC WATER
SUPPLIES
CHAPTER
I:
POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD
PART
611
PRIMARY DRINKING WATER STANDARDS
SUBPART A:
GENERAL
Section
611.100
Purpose, Scope
and
Applicability
611.101
Definitions
611.102
Incorporations by Reference
611.103
Severability
611.107
Agency
Inspection of PWS Facilities
611.108
Delegation to Local Government
611.109
Enforcement
611.110
Special Exception Permits
611.111
Section
1415
Variances
611.112
Section
1416
Variances
611.113
Alternative Treatment
Techniques
611.114
Siting requirements
611.115
Source Water Quantity
611.120
Effective dates
611.121
Maximum Contaminant
Levels and
Finished Water Quality
611.125
Fluoridation Requirement
611.126
Prohibition on Use of Lead
611.130
Special Requirements for Certain Variances
and
Adjusted
Standards
SUBPART B:
FILTRATION AND DISINFECTION
Section
611.201
Requiring
a Demonstration
611.202
Procedures for Agency Determinations
611.211
Filtration Required
611.212
Groundwater under Direct Influence of Surface Water
611.213
No Method of HPC Analysis
611.220
General
Requirements
611.230
Filtration Effective Dates
611.231
Source Water Quality Conditions
611.232
Site-specific
Conditions
611.233
Treatment
Technique
Violations
611.240
Disinfection
611.241
Unfiltered
PWSs
611.242
Filtered PWSs
611.250
Filtration
611.261
Unfiltered
PWSs:
Reporting
and
Recordkeeping
611.262
Filtered
PWSs:
Reporting
and
Recordkeeping
611.271
Protection
during Repair Work
611.272
Disinfection following Repair
SUBPART
C:
USE OF NON-CENTRALIZED TREATMENT
DEVICES
Section
611.280
Point-of-Entry
Devices
19
611.290
Use
of Point-of-Use
Devices or
Bottled Water
SUBPART
D:
TREATMENT TECHNIQUES
Section
611.295
General Requirements
611.296
Acrylamide
and
Epichiorohydrin
611.297
Corrosion Control
SUBPART
F:
MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVELS
(MCLs)
Section
611.300
Old
MCLs for Inorganic Chemicals
611.301
Revised MCLs for Inorganic Chemicals
611.310
Old
MCLs for Organic
Chemicals
611.311
Revised
MCLs for Organic
Contaminants
611.320
Turbidity
611.325
Microbiological Contaminants
611.330
Radium
and
Gross Alpha Particle Activity
611.331
Beta
Particle and Photon Radioactivity
SUBPART
G:
LEAD AND COPPER
Section
611.350
General Requirements
611.351
Applicability of Corrosion
Control
611.352
Corrosion
Control Treatment
611.353
Source Water Treatment
611.354
Lead Service Line
Replacement
611.355
Public Education
and
Supplemental
Monitoring
611.356
Tap Water Monitoring for Lead and Copper
611.357
Monitoring for
Water Quality
Parameters
611.358
Monitoring for Lead
and
Copper in Source Water
611.359
Analytical Methods
611.360
Reporting
611.361
Recordkeeping
SUBPART
K:
GENERAL MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL
REQUIREMENTS
Section
611.480
Alternative Analytical Techniques
611.490
Certified Laboratories
611.491
Laboratory Testing Equipment
611.500
Consecutive PWSs
611.510
Special Monitoring for Unregulated Contaminants
SUBPART
L:
MICROBIOLOGICAL
MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS
Section
611.521
Routine Coliform Monitoring
611.522
Repeat Coliform Monitoring
611.523
Invalidation of Total
Coliform Samples
611.524
Sanitary
Surveys
611.525
Fecal Coliform and E.
Coli Testing
611.526
Analytical Methodology
20
611.527
Response to Violation
611.531
Analytical Requirements
611.532
Unfiltered
PWSs
611.533
Filtered PWSs
SUBPART
M:
TURBIDITY MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS
Section
611.560
Turbidity
SUBPART
N:
INORGANIC MONITORING
AND ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS
Section
611.591
Violation of State
MCL
611.592
Frequency of State
Monitoring
611.600
Applicability
611.601
Monitoring Frequency
611.602
Asbestos
Monitoring Frequency
611.603
Inorganic Monitoring Frequency
611.604
Nitrate Monitoring
611.605
Nitrite
Monitoring
611.606
Confirmation Samples
611.607
More Frequent Monitoring
and
Confirmation Sampling
611.608
Additional
Optional
Monitoring
611.609
Determining Compliance
611.610
Inorganic Monitoring Times
611.611
Inorganic Analysis
611.612
Monitoring Requirements for Old Inorganic MCLs
611.630
Special Monitoring for Sodium
611.631
Special Monitoring for Inorganic
Chemicals
SUBPART 0:
ORGANIC MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS
Section
611.640
Defmitions
611.641
Old
MCLs
611.645
Analytical Methods
for Organic
Chemical Contaminants
611.646
Phase I,
Phase II,
and Phase
V
Volatile
Organic Contaminants
611.647
Sampling for Phase I Volatile
Organic Contaminants (Repealed)
611.648
Phase
II,
Phase IIB,
and
Phase V
Synthetic Organic Contaminants
611.650
Monitoring
for 36 Contaminants (Repealed)
611.657
Analytical
Methods for
36
Contaminants (Repealed)
611.658
Special Monitoring for Organic
Chemicals
SUBPART
P:
THM MONITORING
AND ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS
Section
611.680
Sampling,
Analytical
and
other Requirements
611.683
Reduced Monitoring Frequency
611.684
Averaging
611.685
Analytical Methods
611.686
Modification to System
611.687
Sami~Iing
for THM
Potential
SUBPART
Q:
RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS
21
Analytical Methods
Gross Alpha
Manmade Radioactivity
SUBPART
T:
REPORTING, PUBLIC
NOTIFICATION AND RECORDKEEPING
611.Appendix A
611.Appendix B
611.Appendix C
611.Appendix D
611.Appendix E
611.Table
A
611.Table
B
611.Table C
61l.Table
D
611.Table
E
61l.Table F
611.Table G
611.Table Z
Mandatory Health Effects
Information
Percent Inactivation of G.
Lamblia Cysts
Common
Names of Organic Chemicals
Defmed
Substrate Method for the Simultaneous Detection of Total
Coliforms
and
Eschericia
Coli from Drinking Water
Mandatory
Lead Public
Education Information
Total Coliform Monitoring Frequency
Fecal or Total Coliform Density
Measurements
Frequency of RDC Measurement
Number of Lead
and
Copper Monitoring Sites
Lead
and
Copper Monitoring Start Dates
Number of Water Quality
Parameter Sampling Sites
Summary of Monitoring Requirements for Water Quality
Parameters’
Federal Effective
Dates
AUTHORITY:
Implementing
Sections
17
and
17.5 and authorized
by
Section
27 of
the
Environmental
Protection
Act 415
ILCS
5/17,
17.5 and 27.
SOURCE:
Adopted in R88-26
at
14
111.
Reg.
16517,
effective September 20,
1990; amended
in R90-21
at
14
Ill.
Reg.
20448,
effective December
11,
1990; amended
in R90-13
at
15
III.
Reg.
1562, effective January
22,
1991;
amended
in R91-3
at
16
III.
Reg.
19010,
December
1,
1992;
amended
in R92-3
at
17
Ill. Reg.
7796, effective
May
18,
1993; amended
in R93-1
at
17 Ill. Reg.
12650, effective July 23,
1993;
amended
in R944 at
18
111.
Reg.
12291, effective July 28,
1994; amended in R94-23
at
19
Ill. Reg. 8613, effective June 20,
1995; amended
iii
R95-17
at
20 Ill. Reg.
,
effective
Section
611.720
611.731
6 11.732
Section
611.830
611.831
611.832
611. 833
611.840
611.851
611. 852
611.853
611.854
611.855
611. 856
611.858
611.860
611.870
Applicability
Monthly Operating Report
Notice by
Agency
Cross Connection Reporting
Reporting
Reporting
MCL and other Violations
Reporting
other Violations
Notice to New Billing Units
General Content of Public Notice
Mandatory Health Effects
Language
Fluoride Notice
Fluoride Secondary Standard
Record Maintenance
List of 36
Contaminants
Note:
Capitalization denotes statutory
language.
SUBPART
A:
GENERAL
22
Section 611.100
Purpose, Scope
and
Applicability
a)
This Part
satisfies the requirement of Section
17,5 of the
Environmental Protection
Act (Act)
415
ILCS
5Lj,.7,~1
that
the
Board adopt regulations which are
identical in substance with federal
regulations promulgated by
the United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
pursuant to Sections 1412(b),
1414(c),
1417(a)
and
1445(a) of the
Safe
Drinking Water Act
(SDWA)
(42
U.S.C.
300f
et seq.)
b)
This
Part
establishes primary drinking water
regulations (NPDWRs) pursuant to the
SDWA,
and
also
includes additional,
related State
requirements
which are
consistent with
and
more stringent
than
the
U.S.
EPA regulations
(Section 7.2(a)(6) of the
Act).
The latter provisions are
specifically
marked as
“additional State requirements”.
They apply only ~.community
water
systems (CWSs).
c)
This Part
applies to
“suppliers”, owners
and
operators
of “public water systems”
(“PWSs”).
PWSs include CWSs,
“non-community water
systems (“non-CWSs”) and
“non-transient non-
community water systems (“NTNCWSs”),
as these terms
are defmed in Section 611.101.
1)
CWS suppliers
are required to obtain permits
from the
Illinois Environmental
Protection
Agency
(Agency) pursuant to 35
111. Adm.
Code
602.
2)
Non-CWS
suppliers
are
subject to additional regulations promulgated
by
the illinois
Department of Public Health (Public Health)
pursuant to Section
9
of the
Illinois
Groundwater Protection
Act 415
ILCS
55/9,
including 77
Ill. Adm.
Cede 900.
3)
Non-CWS suppliers
are
not required to obtain permits
or other approvals from the
Agency, or to file reports or other documents with the
Agency.
Any provision in this
Part
so providing is to be understood as requiring
the
non-CWS
supplier to obtain the
comparable form of approval from, or to file the comparable report or other document
with Public Health.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from
40
CFR 141.1(1994).
d)
This Part
applies to each
PWS,
unless
the
PWS meets
all of the following conditions:
1)
Consists only of distribution
and
storage facilities (and does not have
any
collection
and
treatment facilities);
2)
Obtains
all of
its water from, but is not owned or operated by,
a supplier
to which such
regulations apply;
3)
Does not
sell water
to
any
person;
and
4)
Is not a carrier which conveys passengers in interstate commerce.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived from 40
CFR 141.3 (1994).
e)
Some subsection labels have been omitted in order to maintain
local consistency between U.S.
EPA
subsection labels and
the
subsection labels in this Part.
23
(Source:
Amended at 20
Ill.
Reg.
_________,
effective
________________________)
Section
611.102
Incorporations
by
Reference
a)
Abbreviations
and
short-name listing of references,
The following names and abbreviated
names,
presented in alphabetical order,
are
used in this Part to refer
to materials incorporated
by
reference:
“Amco-AEPA- 1
Polymer”
is available
from
Advanced Polymer Systems.
“ASTM Method”
means a method
published by
and
available
from the
American
Society
for Testing
and
Materials (ASTM).
“Colisure
Test” means
“Colisure Presence/Absence Test for Detection
and
Identification of Coliform Bacteria
and
Escherichia Coli in Drinking Water”,
available
from Millipore Corporation, Technical Services
Department.
“Dioxin and Furan Method
1613”
means “Tetra-
through
Octa- Chlorinated Dioxins and
Furans by
Isotope-Dilution HRGC/HRMS”,
available from NTIS.
“GLI
Method 2”
means
GLI Method
2,
“Turbidity”, Nov. 2,
1992, available
from
Great Lakes Instruments,
Inc.
“Guidance Manual for Compliance with the
Filtration
and
Disinfection Requirements
for Public Water Systems using Surface Water Sources”,
available
from U.S.
EPA
Science and Technology Branch.
“IASL
Procedure Manual”
means HASL
Procedure Manual,
HASL
300,
available
from ERDA Health and Safety Laboratory.
“Maximum
Permissible Body Burdens
and
Maximum Permissible Concentrations of
Radionuclides
in Air and in Water for Occupational Exposure”,
NCRP Report Number
22,
available
from NCRP.
“NCRP”
means
“National Council on
Radiation Protection”.
“NTIS”
means
“National Technical Information Service”.
“ONGP-MUG Test”
(meaning “minimal medium ortho-nitrophenyl-beta-d-
galactopyranoside-4-methyl-umbelliferyl-beta-d-glucuronide test”),
also called the
“Autoanalysis Colilert
System”, is Method
9223, available in” Standard
Methods for
the
Examination of Water and Wastewater”,
18th ed.,
from American
Public Health
Association.
“Procedures
for Radiochemical Analysis of Nuclear Reactor Aqueous
Solutions”,
available from NTIS.
“Radiochemical Methods” means
“Interim Radiochemical Methodology for Drinking
Water”, available from NTIS.
24
“Standard Methods”, means
“Standard Methods
for the Examination of Water and
Wastewater”,
available from the
American Public Health Association
or
the
American
Waterworks
Association.
“Technical Bulletin
601”
means “Technical Bulletin 601,
“Standard Method of Test~g
for Nitrate
in Drinking Water”, July,
1994, available
from Analytical Technology,
Inc.
“Technicon Methods”
means
“Fluoride in Water
and
Wastewater”,
available
from
Technicon.
“U.S.
EPA Asbestos
Methods-lOO.1” means Method
100.1,
“Analytical
Method
for
Determination of Asbestos
Fibers
in Water”,
available
from NTIS.
“U.S.
EPA Asbestos Methods-lOO.2”
means Method
100.2,
“Determination of
Asbestos
Structures over
10-Mm in Length in Drinking Water”, available
from NTIS.
“U.S.
EPA Environmental Inorganics
Methods”
means
“Methods for the Determination
of Inorganic Substances
in Environmental Samples”,
available from NTIS.
“U.S.
EPA Environmental Metals
Methods” means
“Methods for the Determination of
Metals
in Environmental Samples”, available
from NTIS.
“U.S.
EPA
1nnr~~
Methods” means
“Methods for Chemical Analysis of \Vater
and
available from NTIS.
(Methods
150.1,
150.2,
and
245.2,
which
~
anneared
in
uiu
refprence
are
available from U.S. EPA EMSL.)
“U.S. EPA Organic Methods”
means
“Methods for the Determination of Organic
Compounds in Drinking Water”, July,
1991, for Methods
502.2,
505, 507, 508, 508A,
515.1,
and
531.1;
“Methods for the Determination of Organic
Compounds in Drinking
Water--Supplement 1”,
July,
1990, for Methods
506, 547,
550, 550.1,
and
551;
and
“Methods for the Determination of Organic
Compounds in Drinking Water--Supplement
II”, August,
1992,
for Methods
515.2,
524.2,
548.1,
549.1,
552.1,
and
555,
available
from NTIS.
Methods
504.1,
508.1,
and 525.2 are available
from EPA EMSL.
“USGS Methods”
means “Methods of Analysis by
the U.S. Geological Survey National
Water Quality
Laboratory--Determination of Inorganic
and
Organic Constituents in
Water
and
Fluvial Sediments”,
available
from NTIS
and
USGS.
“U.S.
EPA Technical Notes” means
“Technical Notes on Drinking Water Methods”,
available from
NTIS.
“Waters Method B-lOll”
means “Waters Test
Method
for
the
Determination of
Nitrite/Nitrate in Water Using Single Colunm
Ion Chromatography”, available
from
Millipore Corporation,
Waters Chromatography Division.
b)
The Board incorporates the following publications by
reference:
Access Analytical Systems,
Inc.,
See Environetics, Inc.
Advanced Polymer Systems,
3696
Haven
Avenue, Redwood City, CA
94063
415-
366-2626:
25
Amco-AEPA-1
Polymer.
See 40 CFR 141.22(a) (1995).
Also,
as referenced
in ASTM D1889.
American
Public Health Association,
1015
Fifteenth Street NW,
Washington,
DC
20005
800-645-5476:
“Standard Methods for
the Examination of Water
and
Wastewater”,
18th
Edition,
1992, including
“Supplement to
the
18th Edition of Standard Methods
for the
Examination of Water and Wastewater”,
1994
(collectively referred to
as “Standard Methods,
18th ed.”).
See the
methods listed separately for the
same references under American Water Works Association.
Analytical Technology,
Inc.
ATI
Orion,
529
Main
Street, Boston,
MA
02129:
Technical
Bulletin 601,
“St
andard
Method of Test for Nitrate
in Drinking
,.,
....
~
D
Water”,
July,
1994,
PN 221890
001
(referred
~ulletin
601”).
ASTM.
American Society for Testing
and Materials,
1976 Race Street,
Philadelphia,
PA
19103 215
299
5585:
ASTM Method D51
1
93
A and
B,
“Standard Test
Methods for Calcium and
Magnesium
in Water”,
“Test Method
A
complexometric Titration”
&
“Test
Method
B
Atomic
Absorption Spectrophotometric”,
approved
1993.
ASTM Method D5 15
28
A,
“Standard Test Methods
for Phosphorus in
Water”,
“Test Method
A
Colorimctric
Ascorbic Acid Reduction”,
apprGved
August
19,
1988.
ASTM Method D859
28,
“Standard Test
Method for Silica in Water”,
approved August
19,
1988.
ASTM Method D1067
92
B,
“Standard Test
Methods
for Acidity
or Alkalinity
in Water”,
“Test Method
B
Electrometric or Color Change Titration”,
approved
May
15,
1992.
ASTM Method Dl 125
91
A,
“Standard Test
Methods
for Electrical
Conductivity
and
Resistivity of Water”,
“Test Method
A
Field
and
Routine
Laboratory’ Measurement of Static (Non Flowing) Samples”,
approved June
15,
1991.
ASTM
Method Dl 179
93
B
“Standard Test Methods
for Fluoride in Water”,
“Test Method B
Ion Selective Electrode”,
approved
1993.
ASTM
Method
D1293
84
“Standard Test
Methods
for pH of Water”,
“Test
Method
A
Precise Laboratory Measurement”
& “Test Method B
Routine or
Continuous
Measurement”, approved October 26,
1981.
ASTM
Method
D1688
90 A
or
C,
“Standard Test
Methods for Copper in
Water”,
“Test Method
A
Atomic
~
~‘~‘
Direct”
&
“Test Method
C
Absorbtion, Graphit
,
rr
—
26
ASTM Method D2036
91
A
or B,
“Standard Test
Methods
for Cyanide in
Water”,
“Test Method A
Total
Cyanides
after
Distillation” &
“Test Method
B
Cyanides
Amenable to Chlorination
i-”
Difference”,
approved September
15,
1991.
ASTM Method D2459
72,
“Standard
Method
Gamma Spectrometry
Water,”
approved July 28,
1972,
discontinued
1988.
ASTM Method
D2907
91,
“Standard Test Methods
for
Microquantities of
Uranium in Water by
Fluoromctry’”,
“Test Method A
Direct Fluorometric”
&
‘Test Method B
Extraction”,
approved June
15,
1991.
ASTM Method D2972
93
B or
C,
“Standard Test Methods
for Arsenic in
Water”,
“Test Method B
Atomic
Absorption,
Hydride
Generation”
& “Test
Method C
Atomic
Absorption,
Graphite Furnace”,
approved
1993.
ASTM Method
D3223
91,
“Standard Test
Method for Total Mercury in
Water”,
approved
September 23,
1991.
ASTM Method
D3559 90
D,
“Standard Test
Methods for Lead in Water”,
XA~.~b,’~A
1’~
A
~
A
~
~
~
~
Amm,,~
—
—
.
~,-‘-,
~
“~r
-~—-
‘
rx~
1990.
ASTM Method
D361 5
93
B,
“Standard Test Methods
for Beryllium in Water”,
“Method
B
Atomic
Absorption,
Graphite Furnace”,
approved
1993.
ASTM Method
D3697
92,
“Standard Test Method for Antimony
in Water”,
approved June
15,
1992.
ASTM Method
D3859
93
A,
“Standard Test Methods
for Selenium in \Vater”,
“Method
A
Atomic
Absorption,
Hydride
Method”,
approved
1993.
ASTM Method
D3867
90 A and
B,
“Standard Test
Methods- for Nitrite
Nitrate
in Water”,
“Test Method A
Automated Cadmium
Reduction”
& “Test Method
B
Manual Cadmium Reduction”,
approved
January
10,
1990.
ASTM Method
D4327
91,
“Standard Test Method
for Anions in Water by
Ion
Chromatography”,
approved
October
15,
1991.
American Waterworks Association et al.,
6666 West Quincy Ave., Denver, CO
80235
303-794-7711:
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater,
13th
Edition,
1971
(referred to as
“Standard Methods,
13th ed.”).
Method
302, Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Radioactivity in Water
(Total, Suspended and Dissolved).
Method
303,
Total Radioactive Strontium and Strontium
90
in Water.
27
Method
304,
Radium in
Water by
Precipitation.
Method
305,
Radium 226 by
Radon
in Water (Soluble, Suspended and
Total).
Method
306, Tritium in Water.
Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water
and
Wastewater,
18th Edition,
1992
(referred to
as “Standard Methods,
18th ed.”):
Method
2130 B, Turbidity, Nephelometric Method.
Method
2320
B,
Alkalinity,
Titration
Method.
Method
2510
B,
Conductivity, Laboratory Method.
Method
2550-B,
Temperature,
Laboratory and Field Methods.
Method
3111
B,
Metals
by
Flame Atomic
Absorption
Spectrometry,
Direct Air-Acetylene Flame
Method.
Method
3111
D, Metals
by
Flame Atomic
Absorption Spectrometry,
Direct Nitrous
Oxide-Acetylene Flame
Method.
Method
3112
B, Metals by
Cold-Vapor Atomic
Absorption
Spectrometry,
Cold-Vapor Atomic Absorption
Spectrometric
Method.
Method
3113 B,
Metals
by
Electrothermal Atomic
Absorption
Spectrometry, Electrothermal
Atomic
Absorption Spectrometric
Method.
Method
3114
B, Metals by
Hydride Generation/Atomic
Absorption
Spectrometry, Manual Hydride Generation/Atomic
Absorption
Spectrometric Method.
Method
3120 B,
Metals by
Plasma Emission Spectroscopy,
Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) Method.
Method
3500-Ca D, Calcium,
EDTA Titrimetric
Method.
Method
4110 B,
Determination of
Anions
by Ion Chromatography,
Ion Chromatography with Chemical Suppression of Eluent
Conductivity.
Method
4500-CW C, Cyanide, Total Cyanide
after Distillation.
Method
4500-CN
E,
Cyanide,
Colorimetric
Method.
Method
4500-CN
F,
Cyanide, Cyanide-Selective
Electrode Method.
28
Method 4500-CN
G, Cyanide, Cyanides
Amenable
to Chlorination
after
Distillation.
Method 4500-Cl D,
Chlorine (Residual),
Amperometric Titration
Method.
Method 4500-Cl E,
Chlorine
(Residual),
Low-Level Amperometric
Titration Method.
Method 4500-Cl
F,
Chlorine
(Residual),
DPD
Ferrous Titrimetric
Method.
Method 4500-Cl G,
Chlorine
(Residual),
DPD
Colorimetric
Method.
Method
4500-Cl H, Chlorine
(Residual),
Syringaldazine (FACTS)
Method.
Method
4500-Cl I, Chlorine
(Residual),
lodometric Electrode
Technique.
Method 4500-C1O2
C,
Chlorine
Dioxide, Amperometric
Method I.
Method
4500-C102 D, Chlorine
Dioxide,
DPD
Method.
Method 4500-CIO7
B,
Chlorine
Dioxide,
Amperometric Method
II
(Proposed).
Method 4500-F B,
Fluoride, Preliminary
Distillation
Step.
Method 4500-F C,
Fluoride, Ion-Selective Electrode Method.
Method 4500-F D,
Fluoride,
SPADNS Method.
Method 4500-F E,
Fluoride, Complexone
Method.
Method 4500-H~B,
pH
Value, Electrometric Method.
Method 4500-N02
B,
Nitrogen (Nitrite),
Colorimetric Method.
Method 4500-NO3
D,
Nitrogen (Nitrate), Nitrate Electrode Method.
Method 4500-N03
E,
Nitrogen (Nitrate), Cadmium Reduction
Method.
Method
4500-NOv F,
Nitrogen (Nitrate), Automated Cadmium
Reduction
Method.
Method 4500-03
B,
Ozone
(Residual) (Proposed),
Indigo Colorimetric
Method.
Method 4500-P E, Phosphorus,
Ascorbic
Acid Method.
29
Method 4500-P F,
Phosphorus,
Automated Ascorbic
Acid Reduction
Method.
Method 4500-Si
D, Silica, Molybdosilicate
Method.
Method 4500-Si E, Silica, Heteropoly Blue Method.
Method 4500-Si
F,
Silica, Automated Method for Molybdate-Reactive
Silica.
Method
4500~SO42C,
Sulfate,
Gravimetric Method
with Ignition of
Residue.
Method 4500-S042 D,
Sulfate, Gravisnetric Method with Drying of
Residue.
Method
4500~SO42F,
Sulfate, Automated Methylthymol Blue
Method.
Method 6651, Glyphosate Herbicide (Proposed).
Method
9215 B,
Heterotrophic Plate
Count, Pour Plate
Method.
Method
9221
A, Multiple-Tube
Fermentation Technique for Members
of the Coliform Group,
Introduction.
Method
9221
B,
Multiple-Tube Fermentation Technique
for Members
of the Coliform Group,
Standard Total Coliform Fermentation
Technique.
Method
9221
C,
Multiple-Tube Fermentation Technique
for Members
of the Coliform Group,
Estimation of Bacterial
Density.
Method
9221
D, Multiple-Tube Fermentation Technique for Members
of the Coliform Group,
Presence-Absence
(P-A) Coliform Test.
Methcid
9222 A,
Membrane Filter Technique for Members of the
Coliform Group,
Introduction.
Method
9222 B,
Membrane Filter Technique for Members of the
Coliform Group,
Standard Total Coliform Membrane Filter
Procedure.
Method
9222 C,
Membrane Filter Technique for Members of the
Coliform Group,
Delayed-Incubation Total Coliform Procedure.
Method
9223,
Chromogenic Substrate Coliform Test (Proposed).
Standard
Methods for the
Examination of Water
and
Wastewater,
18th Edition
Supplement,
1994
(Referred to as
“Standard Methods,
18th ed.’):
30
Analytical Technology, Inc.
AT! Orion,
529 Main Street, Boston, MA
02129:
Technical Bulletin
601,
“Standard Method of Testing for Nitrate in Drinking
Water”, July,
1994,
PN 221890-001
(referred to as
“Technical Bulletin 601”).
ASTM.
American Society for Testing and Materials,
1976
Race Street,
Philadelphia,
PA
19103
215-299-5585:
ASTM Method D5 11-93
A
and B,
“Standard Test Methods for Calcium and
Magnesium
in Water”,
“Test Method A--complexometric Titration” &
“Test
Method
B--Atomic Absorption
Spectrophotornetric”,
approved
1993.
ASTM
Method
D515-88
A, “Standard Test Methods
for Phosnhorus in
Water”,
“Test Method
A--Colorimetric Ascorbic
Acid Reduction”,
approved
August 19,
1988.
ASTM Method
D859-88,
“Standard Test
Method
for
Silica in Water”,
approved August
19,
1988.
ASTM Method
D1067-92
B,
“Standard Test Methods
for Acidity or Alkalinity
in Water”,
“Test Method
B--Electrometric or Color-Change Titration”,
approved May
15,
1992.
ASTM
Method Dl 125-91
A,
“Standard Test Methods
for Electrical
Conductivity and Resistivity
of Water”, “Test Method
A--Field and Routine
Laboratory Measurement of Static (Non-Flowing) Samples”,
approved June
15,
1991.
ASTM Method Dl 179-93
B “Standard Test
Methods for Fluoride in Water”,
“Test
Method
B--Ion Selective Electrode”,
approved
1993.
ASTM Method D1293-84
“Standard Test
Methods
for pH of Water”.
“Test
Method
A--Precise Laboratory Measurement” & “Test Method
B--Routine
or
Continuous
Measurement”,
approved October 26,
1984.
ASTM
Method
D1688-90
A or C,
“Standard Test Methods
for Copper in
Water”,
“Test Method A--Atomic Absorption, Direct” &
“Test Method
C--
Atomic
Absorbtion,
Graphite Furnace”, ao~roved
March
15, 1990.
ASTM Method
D2036-91
A or
B,
“Standard Test Methods for Cyanide in
Water”,
“Test Method
A--Total Cyanides after Distillation”
&
“Test Method
B--Cyanides
Amenable to Chlorination by
Difference”,
approved
September
15.
1991.
ASTM
Method
D2459-72,
“Standard Test Method for Gamma Spectrometry in
Water,”
approved July 28,
1972,
discontinued
1988.
ASTM Method
D2907-9 1,
“Standard Test
Methods for Microciuantities of
Uranium in Water
by
Fluorometry”,
“Test Method A--Direct Fluorometric” &
“Test Method
B--Extraction”,
approved June
15,
1991.
31
ASTM Method
D2972-93
B or C,
“Standard Test
Methods for Arsenic
in
Water”,
“Test Method B--Atomic
Absorption, Hydride Generation” &
“Test
Method
C--Atomic Absorption,
Graphite Furnace”,
approved
1993.
ASTM
Method
D3223-91,
“Standard Test Method for Total
Mercury in
Water”,
approved September 23,
1991.
ASTM
Method D3559-90 D, “Standard Test
Methods for Lead inWater”,
“Test Method D--Atomic Absorption,
Graphite Furnace”,
approved August 6,
1990.
ASTM
Method D3645-93 B,
“Standard Test
Methods
for Beryllium in Water”,
“Method B--Atomic Absorption, Graphite Furnace’,
ao~roved1993.
ASTM Method
D3697-92,
“Standard Test Method for Antimony in Water”,
approved
June
15,
1992.
ASTM Method
D3859-93 A,
“Standard Test
Methods for Selenium
in Water”,
“Method
A--Atomic Absorption, Hydride Method”,
approved
1993.
ASTM Method
D3867-90 A
and
B,
“Standard Test
Methods for Nitrite-Nitrate
in Water”.
“Test Method
A--Automated Cadmium Reduction” &
“Test Method
B--Manual Cadmium Reduction”,
approved January
10,
1990.
ASTM
Method
D4327-91,
“Standard Test Method for Anions
in Water
by
Ion
Chromatography”, a~~roved
October
15,
1991.
Method
6610, Carbamate
Pesticides.
ERDA
Health and Safety Laboratory,
New York,
NY:
HASL Procedure Manual,
HASL
300,
1973.
See 40 CFR
l41.25(b)(2)
(1995).
Great Lakes Instruments, Inc., 8855 North
55th Street,
Milwaukee, WI
53223:
GLI
Method
2,
“Turbidity”,
Nov. 2,
1992.
Millipore
Corporation, Technical Services Department,
80 Ashby Road,
Milford,
MA
01730
800-654-5476:
Colisure Presence/Absence Test for Detection and Identification of Coliform
Bacteria
and Escherichia Coli in Drinking Water, February
28,
1994 (referred
to as
“Colisure
Test”).
Millipore Corporation, Waters Chromatography Division, 34
Maple St.,
Milford, MA
01757
800-252-4752:
32
Waters Test Method for the Determination of Nitrite/Nitrate in Water Using
Single Column Ion Chromatography, Method B-lOll (referred to as “Waters
Method B-lOll”).
NCRP.
National Council on Radiation Protection, 7910 Woodmont Ave., Bethesda,
MD
301-657-2652:
“Maximum
Permissible Body Burdens and Maximum
Permissible
Concentrations of Radionuclides in Air and in Water for Occupational
Exposure”,
NCRP
Report Number 22,
June
5,
1959.
NTIS.
National Technical Information Service, U.S.
Department of Commerce,
5285
Port Royal Road, Springfield,
VA
22161
(703) 487-4600 or 800-553-6847:
Method
100.1,
“Analytical Method
for Determination of Asbestos
Fibers
in
Water”, EPA-600/4-83-043,
September,
1983, Doe.
No. PB83-260471
(referred to as
“U.S.
EPA Asbestos Methods-100. 1”).
Method
100.2,
“Determination of Asbestos
Structures over 10-~tm
in
Length in
Drinking
Water”, EPA-600/4-83-043,
June,
1994, Doe.
No. PB94-20l902
(Referred to as
“U.S.
EPA Asbestos
Methods-100.2”.
“Methods for Chemical
Analysis of Water and Wastes”,
March,
1983, Doe.
No.
PB84-128677 (referred to as “U.S.
EPA Inorganic Methods”).
(Methods
150.1,
150.2,
and 245.2,
which formerly appeared
in this reference, are
available from U.S. EPA EMSL.)
“Methods for the Determination of Metals
in Environmental Samples”, June,
1991, Doc.
No.
PB91-231498 (referred to as “U.S.
EPA Environmental
Metals Methods”).
“Methods for the Determination of Organic
Compounds in Drinking
Water”,
December,
1988, revised July,
1991, EPA-600/4-88/039 (referred to as
“U.S.
EPA Organic Methods”).
(For methods 502.2,
505,
507,
508, 508A, 515.1
and 531.1.)
“Methods for the Determination of Organic
Compounds in Drinking
Water--
Supplement
I”, July,
1990, EPA-600-4-90-020
(referred to as
“U.S.
EPA
Organic Methods”).
(For methods 506, 547, 550, 550.1,
and
551.)
“Methods for the Determination of
Organic
Compounds in Drinking
Water--
Supplement II”,
August,
1992,
EPA-600/R-92-l29
(referred to as “U.S. EPA
Organic Methods”).
(For methods
515.2,
524.2,
548.1,
549.1,
552.1
and
555.)
“Procedures for Radiochemical Analysis
of Nuclear Reactor
Aqueous
Solutions”,
H.L.
Krieger and
S.
Gold,
EPA-R4-73-0l4, May,
1973,
Doe.
No.
PB222- 154/7BA.
“Technical
Notes on
Drinking Water
Methods”, EPA-600/R-94-173,
October,
1994, Doe.
No.
PB-104766 (referred to as
“U.S.
EPA
Technical Notes”).
33
BOARD NOTE:
U.S. EPA
made
the following assertion with regard to this
reference at
40 CFR
141 .23(k)(1)
and
141 24(e)
and
(n)(1 1) (1994~): This
document contains other analytical test procedures and approved analytical
methods that
remain available
for compliance
monitoring until July
1,
1996.
“Tetra- through
Octa- Chlorinated
Dioxins and Furans
by
Isotope Dilution
HRGC/HRMS”,
October,
1994, EPA-82
1 -B-94-005
(referred to as “Dioxin
and Furan Method
1613”).
Techriicon Industrial Systems, Tarrytown, NY
10591:
“Fluoride in Water and Wastewater”,
Industrial Method #129-71W,
December,
1972 (referredto
as “Technicon Methods:
Method
#129-71W”).
See 40 CFR 141.23(f)(lO), footnotes
6 and
7
(1995).
“Fluoride in Water and Wastewater”,
#38O-75WE, February,
1976
(referred to
as “Technicon Methods:
Method
#380-75WE”).
See 40 CFR
141.23(0(10),
footnotes 6
and 7 (1995).
United States Environmental Protection
Agency, EMSL,
Cincinnati,
OH 45268
513-
569-7586:
“Interim Radiochemical Methodology for Drinking
Water”, EPA-600/4-75-008
(referred to as
“Radiochemical Methods”),
(Revised) March,
1976.
“Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Finished
Drinking
Water
and Raw Source Water”
(referred to as “U.S.
EPA Organic Methods”).
(For
methods
504.1,
508.1,
and
525.2
only).
See NTIS.
“Methods for Chemical
Analysis of Water and \Vastes”
(referred to as “U.S.
EPA Inorganic
Methods”).
See
NTIS.
(Methods
150.1,
150.2,
and 245.2
e~y3
“Procedures for Radiochemical Analysis of Nuclear Reactor
Aqueous
Solutions”.
See NTIS.
U.
S.
EPA, Science
and Technology Branch,
Criteria and Standards Division, Office of
Drinking Water,
Washington D.C.
20460:
“Guidance Manual for Compliance with the Filtration and Disinfection
Requirements for Public Water Systems using Surface Water
Sources”,
October,
1989.
USGS.
Books and Open-File Reports
Section,
United
States Geological Survey,
Federal Center,
Box 25425, Denver, CO
80225-0425:
Methods available
upon request by
method number from “Methods of Analysis
by
the U.S.
Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory--
Determination of Inorganic and Organic
Constituents
in Water and Fluvial
Sediments”,
Open File
Report 93-125 or Book
5,
Chapter A-I,
“Methods for
Determination of Inorganic Substances in Water and Fluvial Sediments”,
3d
34
ed.,
Open-File Report
85-495,
1989, as appropriate (referred to as
“USGS
Methods”).
1-1030-85
1-1062-85
1-1601-85
1-1700-85
1-2598-85
1-2601-90
1-2700-85
1-3300-85
c)
The Board incorporates the following federal regulations by reference:
40 CFR 136, Appendix B and C
(1994k).
10
CFR 111,
Subpart C,
Appendix
C (1994).
d)
This Part incorporates no
later amendments or editions.
(Source:
Amended at
19
111.
Reg.
8613, effective June 20,
1995)
Section 611.130
Special Requirements for Certain Variances and
Adjusted Standards
a)
Relief from the TTHM
MCL.
1)
In granting any variance or adjusted standard to a supplier that
is a CWS that
adds a
disinfectant at any part of treatment and which provides water
to
10,000 or more
persons on a regular basis
from the
maximum contaminant level for TTHM listed in
Section
611.310(c),
the
Board will require
application of the best
available
technology
(BAT) identified
at
subsection (a)(4) below for that constituent as
a condition to the
relief,
unless the
supplier
has demonstrated through
comprehensive engineering
assessments
that
application of BAT
is not technically appropriate and technically
feasible for that
system, or it would
only result in a marginal reduction in TTHM for
that supplier.
2)
The Board will require
the following as a condition for relief from the
TTHM MCL
where
it does not require the application of BAT:
A)
That the supplier continue to investigate the
following methods as
an
alternative
means of significantly
reducing the
level of TTHM, according to
a
defmite schedule:
i)
introduction of off-line water storage forTHM precursor reduction;
35
ii)
aeration
for TTHM reduction,
where geography
and climate allow;
iii)
introduction of clarification, where not presently practiced;
iv)
use ofalternative sources of raw water;
and
v)
use
of ozone as an alternative or supplemental disinfectant or oxidant,
and
B)
That the supplier report results of that investigation to the Agency.
3)
The Agency shall petition the Board to reconsider or modify a variance or adjusted
standard, pursuant
to
35
Ill.
Adm. Code
101 .Subpart K, if it determines
that an
alternative method identified by the supplier pursuant to subsection (a)(2) above is
technically feasible and
would result
in a significant
reduction in TTHM.
4)
Best available technology forTTHM reduction:
A)
use
of chloramines as an alternative
or
supplemental disinfectant,
B)
use
of chlorine dioxide
as
an alternative
or
supplemental
disinfectant, or
C)
improved existing clarification for THM precursor reduction.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR
142.60
(1994).
The
restrictions of
this subsection do not
apply to suppliers regulated for TTFIM
as
an additional
state requirement.
See the Board Note
to Section 611.301(c).
b)
Relief from the fluoride MCL.
1)
In granting any variance
or
adjusted standard to a supplier that is aCWS
from
the
maximum contaminant level
for fluoride listed in Section 611.301(b), the Board will
require application of the best available
technology (BAT)
identified at subsection (b)(4)
below
for that constituent
as a condition to
the
relief, unless the
supplier has
demonstrated
through
comprehensive engineering assessments that application of BAT
is not technically appropriate
and
technically feasible for that supplier.
2)
The Board will require the following
as a condition for relief from
the
fluoride MCL
where it does
not
require the application of BAT:
A)
That
the supplier continue to investigate the following methods
as
an
alternative
means of significantly
reducing the level of TTI-IM
fluoride,
according
to a defmite schedule:
i)
modification of lime softening;
ii)
alum coagulation;
iii)
electrodialysis;
36
iv)
anion exchange resins;
v)
well
field management;
vi)
use of alternative sources of raw water; and
vii)
regionalization,
and
B)
That
the
supplier
report
results of that investigation to the Agency.
3)
The
Agency
shall petition the Board to reconsider or
modify a variance or
adjusted
standard, pursuant to
35
Ill.
Adm. Code
l01.Subpart K,
if it
determines that an
alternative method identified
by the
supplier pursuant to subsection
(b)(2) above
is
technically feasible
and
would result in a significant reduction in fluoride.
4)
Best available technology for fluoride reduction:
A)
activated alumina absorption centrally applied,
and
B)
reverse osmosis centrally applied.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from
40 CFR
142.61
(1994).
c)
Relief from an inorganic chemical
contaminant,
VOC, or SOC
MCL.
1)
In granting to a supplier that is a CWS or
NTNCWS any variance
or
adjusted standard
from the maximum contaminant levels for any VOC
or
SOC,
listed in Section
611.311(a) or
(c), or for
any
inorganic chemical contaminant,
listed in Section 611.301,
the supplier must have first applied
the
best available technology (BAT) identified at
Section
611.311(b) (VOCs and SOCs) or
Section 611.301(c)
(inorganic chemical
contaminants) for that
constituent,
unless
the
supplier
has
demonstrated through
comprehensive engineering assessments that application of BAT would achieve only a
minimal
and
insignificant
reduction in the level of contaminant.
BOARD
NOTE:
U.S.
EPA lists
BAT for each SOC and VOC
at
40
CFR 142.62(a)
(1994~),for the purposes of
variances and exemptions (adjusted standards).
That list
is
identical to the
list at 40
CFR 141.61(b)
(1995).,
with three exceptions:
the
section
142.62 listing adds
PTA
(“PAT”)
for alaehlor; lists OX for hexachlorobenzene,
instead
of GAC; and omits
PTA for toxaphene.
The Board
has chosen to use
the
section
141.61(a)
(Section 611.311) BAT
listing because we believe that
this leads to greater
consistency.
2)
The Boardmay require any of the following as a condition for relief from aMCL listed
in Section 611.301 or 611.311:
A)
That
the
supplier continue to investigate alternative
means of compliance
according to
a definite schedule,
and
B)
That
the supplier report results of that investigation to the Agency.
37
3)
The Agency shall petition
the
Board
to reconsider
or modify a variance
or
adjusted
standard, pursuant to 35
111. Adm. Code 101.Subpart K,
if
it determines
that an
alternative method identified by the supplier pursuantto subsection (c)(2) above is
technically feasible.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 142.62(a) through
(e)
(1994).
d)
Conditions requiring use of bottled
water or point-of-use or
point-of-entry devices.
In granting
any variance or adjusted standard from the maximum contaminant levels for organic
and
inorganic chemicals or an adjusted standard from the treatment technique for lead
and
copper,
the Board may
impose certain conditions requiring the use of bottled water,
point-of-entry
devices, or
point-of-use devices to
avoid an unreasonable risk to health, limited
as provided
in
subsections (e)
and (t)
below.
I)
Relieffrom an MCL.
The
Board may,
when granting any variance
or
adjusted
standard
from the MCL requirements of Sections 611.301
and
611.311, impose a
condition that requires a supplier to use bottled water, point-of-use devices, point-of-
entry devices or other means
to avoid an unreasonable
risk to health.
2)
Relief from corrosion control treatment.
The
Board may,
when granting an adjusted
standard from the corrosion control treatment requirements for
lead
and
copper of
Sections
611.351
and 611.352, impose
a condition that requires a supplier
to use bottled
water
and
point-of-use devices or
other means, but
not point-of-entry devices, to avoid
an unreasonable risk to health.
3)
Relief from source water treatment or
service
line replacement.
The Board may,
when
granting an exemption from the
source water treatment
and
lead service line
replacement requirements for lead and copper under Sections 611.353 or 611.354,
impose a condition that requires a supplier to use point-of-entry devices to avoid an
unreasonable
risk to health.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40
CFR
142.62(t) (1994).
e)
Use
of
bottled water.
Suppliers that propose to use or
use bottled water as a condition for
receiving a variance or an adjusted standard from the requirements of Section
611.301 or
Section 611.311,
or
an adjusted standard from the requirements of
Sections
611.351
through
611.354 must
meet the requirements of either subsections (e)(1), (e)(2),
(e)(3),
and
(e)(6)
or
(e)(4),
(e)(5) and (e)(6)
below:
1)
The
supplier must develop a monitoring program for Board approval that provides
reasonable
assurances
that the bottled water meets
all
MCLs
of
Sections
611.301 and
611.311
and
submit a description of this program as part of its petition.
The
proposed
program must describe how the supplier
will
comply with each requirement
of this
subsection.
2)
The
supplier must monitor representative samples of the bottled water for
all
contaminants regulated under
Sections 611.301
and 611.311
during the first three-
month period that it
supplies
the bottled water to the public,
and annually thereafter.
3)
The
supplier
shall annually provide the results of
the monitoring program to the
Agency.
38
4)
The suppliermust receive a certificationfrom the bottled water company as to each of
the following:
A)
that
the
bottled water supplied has
been taken from an approved
source of
bottled water,
as
such is defmed in Section
6 11.101;
B)
that
the
approved source of bottled water has conducted monitoring in
accordance
with 21
CFR 129.8O(g)(l)
through
(3);
C)
and that the bottled water
does
not
exceed any MCLs
or
quality limits
as
set
out
in
21
CFR 103.35,
110,
and 129.
5)
The
supplier
shall provide the certification
required by
subsection
(e)(4)
above
to the
Agency
during the first quarter after
it begins
supplying
bottled water
and
annually
thereafter.
6)
The
supplier
shall assure the provision of
sufficient quantities of bottled water to every
affected person
supplied by
the supplier via door-to-door bottled water delivery.
Derived from 40
CFR 142.62(g)
(1994).
Use of point-of-entry devices.
Before the Board grants
any
PWS a variance or
adjusted standard
from
any
NPDWRthat includes a condition requiring the use of a point-of-entry device, the
supplier
must demonstrate to the Board each of the following:
I)
that the supplier
will operate
and
maintain the device;
2)
that the device provides
health
protection equivalent to that provided
by central
treatment;
3)
that the supplier will
maintain the microbiological safety of the water at all
times;
4)
that the supplier has established standards for performance, conducted a rigorous
engineering design review,
and field
tested the device;
5)
that the operation and maintenance of the device will
account
for any potential for
increased concentrations
of heterotrophic bacteria resulting through
the use
of activated
carbon,
by backwashing, post-contactor disinfection,
and
heterotrophic plate count
monitoring;
6)
that buildings connected to the supplier’s distribution system have sufficient devices
properly installed,
maintained,
and
monitored
to assure that
all
consumers
are
protected;
and
7)
that
the
use of the device will
not cause
increased corrosion of lead and copper bearing
materials located between the device and the tap that could increase
contaminant levels
at the
tap.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR
142.62(h) (1994).
39
(Source: Amended at 20
Ill. Reg.
________,
effective
_______________________
SUBPART
B:
FILTRATION AND
DISINFECTION
Section 611.212
Groundwater
under Direct Influence of Surface Water
The Agency shall, pursuant to Section
611.201, require
all
CWSs
to demonstrate whether they are using
“groundwater under
the
direct
influence of surface water”
by
June
29,
1994.
The Agency
shall determine with
information provided
by
the supplier whether a PWS uses
“groundwater under the
direct influence of surface
water”
on
an individual basis.
The
Agency
shall determine that a groundwater source is under the direct
influence
of
surface water based
upon:
a)
Physical characteristics of
the source:
whether the source is obviously a surface water source,
such
as a lake
or
stream.
Other sources which may be subject
to influence from surface waters
include:
springs, infiltration
galleries,
wells
or other collectors in subsurface aquifers.
b)
Well construction characteristics
and
geology with field
evaluation.
1)
The
Agency may use the wellhead protection program’s
requirements,
which include
delineation of
wellhead protection areas, assessment of sources of contamination and
implementation of management
control
systems, to determine if the wellhead is under
the influence of surface
water.
2)
Wells less than or
equal to
50
feet in depth are likely
to be under
the influence of
surface water.
3)
Wells greater
than
50
feet in depth are
likely to be under the influence of surface water,
unless they include:
A)
A surface sanitary seal using bentonite clay,
concrete
or
similar material,
B)
A well casing
that penetrates consolidated (slowly permeable) material, and
C)
A well casing
that is
only perforated
or
screened below consolidated (slowly
permeable) material.
4)
A source which
is
less than 200 feet from any surface water
is likely to be under
the
influence of surface water.
c)
Any structural modifications to prevent the direct
influence of surface water and eliminate
the
potential for Giardia lamblia cyst contamination.
d)
Source water quality records.
The
following are
indicative that a source is
under
the influence
of surface
water:
1)
A record
of total coliform or
fecal coliform contamination in untreated samples
collected over the past three years,
2)
A history of turbidity problems associated with the source, or
40
3)
A history of known or suspected outbreaks of
Giardia lamblia
or
other pathogenic
organism~
associated with surface water
(e.g. cryptosporidium)T
which~g~
has been
attributed to that source.
e)
Significant and relatively rapid shifts in water characteristics such as
turbidity, temperature,
conductivity or pH.
1)
A variation in turbi~jtyof0.5 NTU or more over one year is indicative of
surface
influence.
2)
A variation
in temperature of 9 Fahrenheit
degrees or
more over one year is indicative
of surface influence.
0
Significant and relatively rapid shifts in water characteristics such
as turbidity, temperature,
conductivity or
pH which closely
correlate to climatological or surface water conditions are
indicative of surface water influence.
1)
Evidence of particulate
matter
associated with the surface water.
or,
2)
Turbidity or
temperature data which correlates to that of a nearby surface
water source.
g)
Particulate
analysis:
Significant occur~ance
of insects or other macroorganisms, algae or large
diameter pathogens such as Giardia lamblia
is indicative of surface influence.
1)
“Large diameter”
particulates
are
those over 7 micrometers.
2)
Particulates
must be measured as specified in the
“Guidance Manual for Compliance
with the Filtration
and
Disinfection Requirements for Public
Water Systems using
Surface Water Sources”, incorporated by
reference in Section
611.102.
h)
The
potential for contamination by small-diameter pathogens,
such
as bacteria or viruses, does
not
alone render the source
“under the direct
influence of surface water”.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from the definition of “groundwater under
the
direct influence
of
surface water” in 40 CFR
141.2 (1994~);from the Preamble at 54
Fed.
Reg.
27489 (June 29,
1989);
and
from the U.S.
EPA “Guidance
Manual for Compliance with the Filtration
and
Disinfection Requirements
for Public
Water Systems using Surface Water Sources”,
incorporated by
reference
in Section 611.102.
(Source:
Amended at 20
111.
Reg.
________,
effective
______________________)
Section
611.220
General
Requirements
a)
The
requirements of this Subpart
constitute NPDWRs.
This Subpart
establishes criteria under
which filtration is required as a treatment
technique for PWSs
supplied
by a surface water
source
and
PWSs supplied
by a groundwater source under
the direct influence of surface water.
In addition,
these regulations establish treatment technique requirements in lieu of MCLS for the
following contaminants:
Giardia lamblia, viruses,
HPC bacteria,
Legionella
and
turbidity.
Each
supplier with a surface water source or a groundwater source under
the direct
influence of
surface
water shall provide treatment of that source water that complies with these treatment
41
technique requirements. The treatment technique requirements consist of installing
and
properly
operating water treatment processes which reliably achieve:
1)
At least
99.9
percent (3-log) removal or inactivation of
Giardia lamblia
cysts
between a
point where the raw water is
not
subject to recontamination by
surface
water runoff and
a point downstream before
or at the first customer;
and
2)
At
least 99.99 percent (4-log) removal or
inactivation of viruses
between a point where
the
raw water is not
subject
to recontamination by surface water runoff
and
a
point
downstream before or at the
first
customer.
b)
A supplier using a surface water source
or a groundwater source under
the direct
influence of
surface water is considered to be
in compliance
with the requirements of subsection (a)
if:
1)
Ii meets the requirements for avoiding filtration in Sections 611.230 through 611.232
and the disinfection requirements
in Section 611.241; or
2)
It meets the filtration requirements in Section
611.250
and
the disinfection
requirements
in Section 611.242.
c)
Each supplier using a surface
water source or a groundwater source under the direct
influence of
surface water shall have a certified operator pursuant to
35
111. Adm. Code 603.103
and
the
Public
Water Supply
Operations Act 415
ILCS 45.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from
40 CFR
141.70
(1994~).The
Public Water Supply
Operations
Act applies
only to CWSs, which are
regulated by
the Agency.
It does
not
apply to non-CWSs,
which are regulated by
Public
Health.
Public
Health has
its own requirements forpersonnel
operating water supplies
that it
regulates, e.g.,
77
Ill. Adm.
Code
900.40(e).
(Source:
Amended at 20
Ill.
Reg.
,
effective
______________________
SUBPART F:
MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVELS (MCL’S)
Section
611.300
Old MCLs for Inorganic
Chemicals
a)
The
old
MCLs listed in subsection (b) below
for inorganic chemicals apply only to
CWS
suppliers.
Compliance with
old
MCLs for inorganic chemicals is calculated pursuant to Section
611.612,
except that analyses for arsenic are
to be performed pursuant to Section
611.611.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40
CFR 141.11(a)
(1994~).
b)
The
following are
the
old
MCL’ s for inorganic chemicals,
with
the
old MCL for
cvanic
effective
only
until the revised MCL for cyanide
at Section 611.301(a) becomes errecui
Contaminant
Level,
mg/L
Additional
State
Requirement (*)
Arsenic
0.05
Iron
1.0
42
Manganese
0.15
Zinc
5.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.11(b) & (c) (1994~~).This provision,
which corresponds with 40 CFR 141.11, was formerly
the
only listing of MCLs for
inorganic parameters.
However,
U-S..-EPA added another listing of inorganic MCLs at
40
CFR 141.62 at 56 Fed.
Reg.
3594
(Jan.
30,
1991),
which corresponds with Section
611.301.
Following
the changing U.S. EPA codification scheme creates two listings of
MCLs:
one at this Section
and
one at Section 611.301.
This causes fluoride to appear
in
both
the 40 CFR
141.11(b)
and
141.62(b)
listings with the same MCL.
The
Board
has deleted the correspondinc fluoride
MCL from this Section
in favor of that which
appears at Section 611.301(b).
c)
This subsection corresponds
with 40 CFR
141.11(c)
(1995),
the
substance of ‘,vhich the Board
has codified
in subsection (b) abovemarked as reserved b~
USEPA.
This statement
maintains
structural parity with the federal
rules.
d)
Nitrate.
1)
1
~ua.
~.
incorporates
..~,
reference 40 CFR
141 .11(d) (1994).
This incorporation
includes
no later editions or
amendments.
2)
Non-CWSs may exceed the MCL for nitrate under
the following circumstances:
A)
The nitrate
level must not
exceed
20
mg/L,
B)
The water must not
be available to children
under six months of age,
C)
There will
be continuous posting of the fact that the nitrate level
exceeds
10
mg/L together with the public health effects information set
forth
in paragraph
(2) of
Section
611 .Appendix
A,
D)
The supplier will
annually notify
local public health authorities and Public
Health of the nitrate
levels
that
exceed
10
mg/L, and
E)
No adverse public health effects result.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from
40
CFR
141.11(d) (1994~).Public
Health
regulations may impose a nitrate
limitation requirement.
Those regulations are
at 77
Ill.
Adm.
Code 900.50.
e)
The following supplementary condition applies
to the MCLs listed in subsection (b) above for
iron
and
manganese:
1)
CWS suppliers that serve a population of
1000
or
less,
or
300
service connections or
less,
are
exempt from the standards for iron
and
manganese.
2)
The
Agency may, by
special exception permit, allow iron and manganese in excess of
the MCL if sequestration
tried on an experimental basis proves
to be effective.
If
sequestration is not
effective,
positive iron or manganese reduction treatment as
43
applicable must be provided.
Experimental use of a sequestering agent may be tried
only
ifapproved by special exception permit.
BOARD NOTE:
This is an additional State requirement.
(Source:
Amended at 20
Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
_______________________
Section 611.301
Revised MCLs for Inorganic
Chemicals
a)
This subsection corresponds with 40
CFR 141.62(a),
reserved by U~S.~—EPA.This statement
maintains structural consistency
with U~S-EPA
rules.
b)
The
MCLs
in the following table
apply to CWSs.
Except for fluoride, the MCLs
also apply to
NTNCWSs.
The
MCLs for nitrate, nitrite~,~
and
total nitrate
and
nitrite
also apply to transient
non-CWSs.
—~T~he
MCLs
for antimony,
beryllium,
cyanide, nickel,
and thallium arc
effective
January
17,
1994.
Contaminant
MCL
Units
Antimony
0.006
mg/L
Asbestos
7
MFL
Barium
2
mg/L
Beryllium
0.004
mg/L
Cadmium
0.005
mg/L
Chromium
0.1
mg/L
Cyanide (as free CN)
0.2
mg/L
Fluoride
4.0
mg/L
Mercury
0.002
mg/L
Nickel
0.1
mgJL
Nitrate
(as N)
10.
mg/L
Nitrite (as N)
1.
mg/L
Total
Nitrate and Nitrite
10.
mg/L
(as
N)
Selenium
0.05
mg/L
Thallium
0.002
mg/L
BOARD NOTE:
See the definition of
“initial
compliance period” at Section
611.101.
The federal secondary
MCL for fluoride is 2.0 mg/L.
The
federal regulations require
public notice when water exceeds this level.
See 40
CFR 143.3
and
143.5
(1991).
The
Illinois
notice requirement for fluoride above 2.0 mgJL appears at Section 611.
85S.~
Section 611.300(d) for an elevated nitrate
level for non-CWSs.
USEPA removed
and
reserved
the
MCL for nickel
on June 29,
1995, at 60
Fed.
Reg. 33932,
as a result of a
judicial order
in Nickel Development Institute
v.
EPA, No. 92-1407,
and
Specialty
Steel
Industry of the U.S. v.
Browner,
No.
92-1410 (D.C.
Cir. Feb.
23
& Mar.
6,
1995),
while retaining the
contaminant, analytical methodology, and detection limit
listings for this contaminant.
c)
U~S~—EPA
has identified the following asBAT for achieving compliance with theMCL for the
inorganic contaminants identified in subsection (b) above,
except for fluoride:
Contaminant
BAT(s)
44
Antimony
C/F
RO
Asbestos
C/F
DDF
CC
Barium
IX
LIME
RO
ED
Beryllium
AA
C/F
IX
LIME
RO
Cadmium
C/F
IX
LIME
RO
Chromium
C/F
IX
LIME,
BAT for Cr(lII)
only
RO
Cyanide
IX
RO
Cl2
Mercury
C/F, BAT
only
if influent
Hg
concentrations less
than
or
equal to (?)
10
l.ig/L
GAC
LIME,
BAT
only if influent Hg
concentrations ?
10
jtgIL
RO,
BAT
only if influent
Hg
concentrations
?
10
~tg/L
Nickel
IX
LIME
RO
Nitrate
IX
RO
ED
Nitrite
IX
RO
Selenium
AAL
45
C/F, BAT for Se(IV)
only
LIME
RO
ED
Thallium
AAL
IX
Abbreviations
AAL
Activated alumina
CIF
Coagulation/filtration
DDF
Direct
and
diatomite filtration
GAC
Granular
activated carbon
IX
Ion exchange
LIME
Lime softening
RO
Reverse
osmosis
CC
Corrosion
control
ED
Electrodialysis
Cl1
Oxidation
(chlorine)
UV
Ultraviolet
irradiation
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.62 (1994k).
(Source:
Amended at 20
Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
_______________________
SUBPART
G:
LEAD AND COPPER
Section
611.357
Monitoring for Water Quality
Parameters
All large system suppliers,
and
all
small
and
medium-sized
system suppliers that exceed
the
lead action level or
the copper
action level,
shall monitor water
quality parameters in addition to lead and
copper in accordance with
this Section.
The requirements of this Section
are summarized in Section 611 .Table G.
a)
General Requirements
1)
Sample
collection methods
A)
Use of tap samples.
The totality of all tap
samples
collected by a supplier shall
be
representative of water
quality
throughout the distribution
system taking
into
account the number of persons served,
the different sources of water,
the
different treatment methods employed by the supplier, and seasonal variability.
Although a supplier
may conveniently conduct tap
sampling
for water quality
parameters at
sites used for coliform samplingperformed pursuant to Subpart
L of this Part, it is not required to do so,
and a supplier
is not required to
perform
tap sampling pursuant to this Section
at
taps targeted for lead and
copper sampling under Section
611.356(a).
B)
Use of entry point samples.
Each supplier
shall collect samples
at
entry
point(s)
to the
distribution system from locations
representative of each source
46
after treatment.
If a supplier draws water from more than one
source
and
the
sources are combined before distribution, the suppliermust sample at an entry
point to the distribution system during periods of normal operating conditions
(i.e.,when
water is representative
of all
sources being used).
2)
Number of
samples
A)
Tap samples.
Each supplier shall collect two tap samples for applicable
water
quality
parameters during each
six-month monitoring period
specified under
subsections (b) through
(e)
below from the number of sites indicated in
the
first
column of Section 611.Table E.
B)
Entry point
samples.
i)
Initial
monitoring.
Each supplier
shall
collect two
samples for each
applicable water quality parameter at each entry point to the
distribution system during each six-month monitoring period specified
in subsection (b) below.
ii)
Subsequent monitoring. Each supplier shall collect one sample for
each
applicable
water quality parameter at each entry point to
the
distribution system during each
six-month monitoring period specified
in subsections
(c)
through
(e) below.
b)
Initial Sampling.
1)
Large systems.
Each large system supplier shall measure the applicable water quality
parameters specified
in
subsection
(b)(3)
below at taps
and
at
each entry point to the
distribution system during each
six-month monitoring period specified in
Section
61
l.356(d)(1).
2)
Small and medium-sized systems. Each
small and
medium-sized system supplier shall
measure the
applicable water quality parameters specified
in subsection (b)(3) below
at
the locations specified in this subsection during each
six-month monitoring period
specified in Section 611 .356(d)(l) during which the supplier exceeds the lead action
level or
the copper
action level.
3)
Water quality parameters:
A)
PH;
B)
alkalinity;
C)
orthophosphate, when an inhibitor containing a phosphate compound
is
used;
D)
silica, when an inhibitor containing a silicate compound
is used;
E)
calcium;
F)
conductivity; and
47
G)
watertemperature.
c)
Monitoring after installationof corrosion
control.
1)
Large systems.
Each large system supplier that installs
optimal corrosion control
treatment pursuant to Section
611.35 l(d)(4)
shall measure the water quality parameters
at
the
locations and frequencies specified in subsections (c)(3)
and
(c)(4) below
during
each six-month monitoring
period specified in Section 611 .356(d)(2)(i~).
2)
Small
and
medium-sized systems.
Each small or
medium-sized system that installs
optimal corrosion control treatment pursuant to
Section
611.35 l(e)(5) shall measure the
water quality parameters at the locations and frequencies specified in subsections (c)(3)
and
(c)(4) below during each six-month monitoring
period specified
in Section
611 .356(d)(2)(ii~)
in which
the supplier exceeds the
lead action level
or
the copper
action level.
3)
Tap water samples,
two samples at each tap for each of the following water quality
parameters:
A)
pH;
B)
alkalinity;
C)
orthophosphate, when
an
inhibitor
containing a phosphate compound
is used;
D)
silica, when an inhibitor containing a silicate compound is used; and
E)
calcium, when calcium carbonate stabilization is used as
part of corrosion
control.
4)
Entry point samples, one sample at each entry point to the distribution system every two
weeks (bi-weekly) for each of the following water quality parameters:
A)
pH;
B)
when alkalinity
is adjusted as
part ofoptimal corrosion control, a reading of
the dosage rate of the chemical used to adjust
alkalinity,
and the alkalinity
concentration; and
C)
when a corrosion inhibitor is used
as
part of optimal corrosion control,
a
reading of the dosage rate of the inhibitor used,
and
the concentration of
orthophosphate or
silica
(whichever
is
applicable).
d)
Monitoring
after
the Agency
specifies water quality parameter values for optimal
corrosion
control.
1)
Large systems.
After the Agency has specified the values for applicable water quality
control parameters reflecting optimal corrosion control treatment pursuant to Section
611.352(f),
each large system supplier shall measure
the applicable water quality
parameters in accordance with subsection (c)
above during each
six-month monitoring
period
specified in Section 611
.356(d)(3).
48
2)
Small
and
medium-sized systems.
Each small or medium-sized system supplier shall
conduct such monitoring during each six-month monitoring period specified in Section
611.356(d)(3) in which the supplier exceeds the lead action level or
the copper action
level.
3)
Confirmation sampling.
A)
A supplier may take a confirmation sample for
any
water quality parameter
value no later
than
3 days
after
it took the original sample it
seeks to confirm.
B)
If a supplier takes
a confirmation sample,
it
must average
the result obtained
from the confirmation sample
with the result obtained from the original sample
it seeks to confirm, and the supplier shall
use the average of these
two
results
for any compliance determinations under
Section
611.352(g).
C)
The
Agency shall delete
the results that
it determines are due to obvious
sampling errors from this calculation.
e)
Reduced monitoring.
1)
Reduction in tap monitoring.
A supplier that has maintained the range of values for the
water quality parameters
reflecting optimal
corrosion control
treatment during each of
two
consecutive six-month monitoring periods under
subsection (d) above shall continue
monitoring at the entry point(s)
to the distribution system as specified in subsection
(c)(4)
above.
Such a supplier may collect two samples from each tap for applicable
water quality parameters from the reduced number of sites
indicated in the second
colunm of Section
611.Table E during each
subsequent six-month monitoring period.
2)
Reduction in monitoring frequency.
A)
Stages of reductions.
i)
Annual monitoring.
A supplier that maintains the range of values for
the water quality parameters reflecting optimal corrosion control
treatment specified pursuant to Section 611.352(f)
during three
consecutive years of monitoring may reduce the frequency with which
it
collects the number of tap
samples for applicable water quality
parameters specified in subsection (e)(1)
above from every
six months
to
annually.
ii)
Triennial monitoring.
A supplier that maintains the range of values
for the water quality parameters
reflecting optimal corrosion control
treatment specified pursuant to Section 611.352(f)
during three
consecutive years of annual monitoring under subsection
(e)(2)(A)(i)
above
may reduce the frequency with
which it collects
the number of
tap samples for applicable water quality parameters specified in
subsection (e)( 1) above from
annually
to once every three years.
49
B)
A supplier that conducts sampling
annually or every three years
shall collect
these
samples evenly throughout the calendar year
so as
to reflect
seasonal
variability.
C)
Any
supplier
subject
to a reduced monitoring frequency
pursuant to this
subsection that fails to operate within the range of
values for the water quality
parameters specified
pursuant to Section 611.352(t)
shall resume tap water
sampling in accordance with the number and frequency requirements of
subsection (d) above.
f)
Additional monitoring by systems. The results of
any monitoring conducted
in addition to the
minimum requirements of this
section shall be considered by the supplier and the
Agency
in
making
any determinations (i.e.,
determining concentrations
of water quality parameters) under
this Section or
Section
611.352.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from 40
CFR
141.87 (l994~).
(Source:
Amended at 20
111.
Reg.
________,
effective
______________________
SUBPART
K:
GENERAL MONITORING
AND ANALYTICAL
REQUIREMENTS
Section
611.510
Special
Monitoring for Unregulated Contaminants
a)
Monitoring
for Phase I unregulated
contaminants.
1)
All
CWS and NTNCWS suppliers shall begin monitoring for the contaminants
listed in
subsection
(a)(5)
no
later than the
the following dates:
A)
Less than 3300
persons
served:
January
1,
1991.
B)
3300 to
10,000
persons served:
January
1,
1989.
C)
More than 10,000 persons served:
January
1,
1988.
2)
SWS
and
mixed system
suppliers shall sample at points in the distribution system
representative of each water source or at entry points to the distribution system after
any applicaiton of treatment.
The
minimum number of
samples
is one year of
quarterly
samples per water
source.
3)
GWS suppliers
shall sample atpoints of entry to the distribution system representative
of each well after
any application of
treatment.
The
minimum
number of samples is
one sample per
entry point to the distribution system.
4)
The Agencymay issue a SEP pursuant to Section 610.110 to require a supplier to use a
confirmation sample for results that
it
finds dubious
for whatever reason.
The
Agency
must state its reasons for issuing the SEP ifthe SEP is Agency-initiated.
5)
List
of Phase I unregulated chemical contaminants:
Bromobenzene
50
Bromodichloromethane
Bromoform
Bromomethane
Chlorobenzene
Chlorodibromomethane
Chloroethane
Chloroform
Chloromethane
o-Chlorotoluene
p-Chlorotoluene
Dibromomethane
m-Dichlorobenzene
1,1-Dichloroethane
1 ,3-Dichloropropane
2 ,2-Dichloropropane
1,1 -Dichloropropene
1 ,3-Dichloropropene
1,1,1 ,2-Tetrachloroethane
1,1, 2,2-Tetrachloroethane
1,2 ,3-Trichloropropane
6)
This subsection corresponds with 40
CFR 141.40(f),
reserved by U~S~-EPA.
This
statement
maintains structural consistency
with U-S~-EPArules.
7)
Analyses performed pursuant to subsection
(a)
shall be
conducted using the following
U~S-EPA
Organic
Methods:
Methods 502.2 or 524.2 or their equivalent as
approved
by the Agency, except that analyses for bromodichloromethane,
bromoform, chloro-
dibromomethane, and chloroform may also be performed using U~S-EPA
Organic
Methods:
Method
551,
and analyses for
1,2, 3-trichloropropane may also be performed
using U-Sw-EPA
Organic Methods:
Method 504.1,
all of which are
incorporated by
reference in Section 611.102.
BOARD NOTE:
Subsection (b) derived from 40 CFR 141.40(a) through
(m) (l994~r
as-
amended
at
59
Fed.—Reg.
62469
(Dec.
5,
1991).
The
Board has adopted no
counterpart
to 40 CFR 141.40(h),
which the Board has codified at subsection
(c)
below;
141.40(i), which pertains to the ability of suppliers to grandfather data up until a date
long since expired;
141.41(j), an optional
U7S.-EPA provision relating to monitoring
15
additional
contaminants that
U.&—EPA
does not
require for state
programs;
14 1.40(k),
which pertains to notice to
the
Agency by
smaller suppliers up until a date long since
expired in lieu of sampling;
141.40(1), which the Board has adopted at subsection (d)
below;
and
14 1.40(m), an optional provision that pertains to composite
sampling.
Otherwise,
the
structure of this
Section
directly corresponds
with 40 CFR
141.40(a)
through (m) (1
9945J~
b)
Monitoring
for Phase V unregulated contaminants.
Monitoring of the unregulated organic
contaminants
listed in subsection (b)(1 1) below
and the unregulated inorganic contaminants listed
in subsection
(b)(12)
below shall be conducted as
follows:
1)
Each CWS
and
NTNCWS supplier shall take four consecutive quarterly samples at each
sampling point for each contaminant listed in subsection (b)(l 1) below
and
report
the
results to the
Agency.
Monitoring
must be completed by
December
31,
1995.
51
2)
Each CWS
and
NTNCWS
supplier shall take one sample
at each
sampling point
for
each
contaminant listed in subsection (b)( 12) below
and
report
the results to the
Agency.
Monitoring
must
be completed by December 31, 1995.
3)
Each CWS and NTNCWS
supplier may
apply to the Agency
for
a SEP pursuant to
Section
611.110 that
releases it
from any of the requirements
of subsections
(b)(l) and
(b)(2)
above.
4)
The
Agency
shall grant a SEP pursuant to Section 611.110
as
follows:
A)
From
any
requirement of subsection
(b)( 1)
above based
on
consideration
of
the
factors set
forth at Section
611.110(e),
and
B)
From
any
requirement
of subsection (b)(2) above
ifprevious analytical results
indicate contamination would not
occur, provided this data was
collected after
January
1,
1990.
5)
AGWS supplier
shall take a minimum of one sample at every entry point to the
distribution system that
is representative ofeach well
after
treatment (“sampling
point”).
6)
A SWS or
mixed system supplier
shall take
a minimum of one sample at points in the
distribution system
that
are
representative
of each
source or at each entry point to
the
system after treatment (“sampling point”).
7)
If the system draws water frommore
than
one source
and
sources are combined before
distribution, the supplier shall sample at an entry point during
periods
of normal
operating conditions (when water representative of
all
sources is being
used).
8)
The Agency
may issue a SEP pursuant to Section
610.110 to
require a supplier
to use
a
confirmation sample for results that it finds dubious for whatever reason. The Agency
must state
its
reasons for issuing the SEP if the SEP is Agency-initiated.
9)
Suppliers shall take
samples at the same sampling point unless
the
Agency has granted a
SEP allowing another sampling point because
conditions make another sampling point
more representative of the water from
each
source or treatment plant.
BOARD
NOTE:
Subsection (b)(9) above
corresponds with duplicate segments of 40
CFR
141 .40(n)(5) and (n)(6) (1994~),which correspond with subsections
(b)(5)
and
(b)(6)
above.
The Board
has
adopted
no
counterpart
to 40CFR 141.40(n)(9), an
optional
provision that pertains to composite
sampling.
Otherwise,
the structure of this
Section
directly corresponds with 40 CFR
141.40(n) (1994~).
10)
Instead of performing the monitoring required by this subsection, a CWS
and
NTNCWS
supplier serving fewer
than
150 service connections may send a letter to the
Agency stating that
the PWS
is available for sampling.
This letter must be sent to the
Agency by
January
1,
1994.
The
supplier shall
not send
such samples to the Agency,
unless requested
to do.so by the
Agency.
52
11)
List
of Phase V unregulated organic contaminants with methods required for analysis
(all methods
are from
U~S-EPA
Organic Methods unless otherwise noted;
all
are
incorporated
by
reference
in Section
611.102):
Contaminant
UTS—EPA Organic Methods
Aldicarb
531.1,
Standard
Methods,
18th
ed.:
Method
6610
Aldicarb sulfone
531.1,
Standard Methods,
18th
ed.:
Method
6610
Aldicarb sulfoxide
531.1, Standard Methods, 18th
ed.:
Method
6610
Aldrin
505,
508,
508.1,
525.2
Butachlor
507,
525.2
Carbaryl
531.1,
Standard Methods,
18th
ed.:
Method
6610
Dicamba
515.1,
515.2,
555
Dieldrin
505, 508,
508.1,
525.2
3-Hydroxycarbofuran
531.1,
Standard Methods,
18th
ed.:
Method
6610
Methomyl
531.1,
Standard Methods,
18th
ed.:
Method
6610
Metolachlor
507,
508.1,
525.2
Metribuzin
507, 508.1,
525.2
Propachlor
508,
508.1,
525.2
12)
List of unregulated inorganic
contaminants (all methods indicated
are
incorporated by
reference in Section
611. 102):
Contaminant
Methods
Sulfate
U~-S--EPAEnvironmental Inorganic
Methods:
Methods 300.0,
375.2; ASTM Method D 4327-91;
Standard
Methods,
18th ed.:
Methods 4110, 4500-
SO42 F, 4500-SO42 C& 4500~SO42D
BOARD NOTE:
Subsection (b) derived from
40 CFR
141.40(n)
(1
994~-as
amended
at 59
Fed. Reg.
62171
(Dec.
5,
1991).
c)
Analyses performed pursuant to this Section must
be conducted by a laboratory
certified
pursuant to Section 611.646(q).
BOARD
NOTE:
Subsection
(c)
derived from 40 CFR
141.40 (h) (1994~).
d)
All CWS
and
NTNCWS suppliers shall repeat the monitoring required by
this Section
no less
frequently
than every five years, starting
from the dates specified in subsections (a)(l)
and
(b)(2)
above.
BOARD NOTE:
Subsection
(d) derived from
40
CFR
141.40
(1)
(1994~).
53
(Source: Amended at 20 111. Reg.
_________,
effective
________________________)
SUBPART
L:
MICROBIOLOGICAL MONITORING
AND ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS
Section
611.526
Analytical
Methodology
a)
The
standard
sample volume
required for total coliform analysis,
regardless of
analytical method
used, is
100
mL.
b)
Suppliers need only determine the presence or absence of total coliforms, a determination of
total coliform density is
not
required.
c)
Suppliers shall conduct total coliform analyses in accordance with one of the following analytical
methods,
incorporated by reference
in Section 611.102 (the
time from sample
collection to
initiation of analysis may not exceed
30 hours,
and the sup~lier
is encouraged but
not
reguired to
hlod samples below 10°C during transit):
1)
Multiple-Tube Fermentation (MTF) Technique,
as
set
forth
in Standard Methods,
18th
ed.:
Methods 9221 A and B:
A)
Lactose broth, as
commercially available,
may be used
in lieu of lauryl
tryptose broth if the supplier
conducts at least
25
parallel tests between this
medium
and lauryl tryptose broth using the
water normally tested
and
this
comparison demonstrates that the false-positive rate
and
false negative rate for
total coliforms, using lactose broth, is less than 10
percent;
B)
If inverted
tubes are used
to detect
gas production,
the media should cover
these tubes at least one-half to
two-thirds after the sample
is
added;
and
C)
No requirement
exists
to run the completed phase on
10
percent of all
total
coliform-positive confirmed tubes.
2)
Membrane Filter (MF)
Technique,
as
set forth
in Standard
Methods,
18th ed.:
Methods
9222
A,
B,
and C.
3)
P-A Coliform Test, as
set
forth in:
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method 9221
D:
A)
No requirement
exists to
run
the completed phase on 10 percent of all total
coliform-positive confirmed tubes;
and
B)
Six-times formulation strength may be used if the medium is filter-sterilized
rather
than
autoclaved.
4)
ONPG-MUG test:
Standard Methods, 18th ed.: Method 9223.
(The ONPG-MUG test
is
also known as the autoanalysis colilert system.)
5)
Colisure Test from Millipore Corporation, incorporated by reference in Section
611.102.
(The Colisure Test must
be incubated for 28
hours before
examining results.
54
If an examination of the
results
at 28
hours
is not convenient,
then results
may be
examined at
any
time between 28 hours
and 48
hours.)
BOARD
NOTE:
U~S.~EPA
included
the P-A
Coliform and
Colisure Tests for testing
finished water under the coliform rule, but did
not
include them for the purposes
of the
surface water treatment rule,
under Section
611.531, for which quantitation of total
coliforms
is
necessary.
For these reasons,
U~S—EPA
included Standard
Methods:
Method
9221
C for the surface water treatment rule,
but did
not
include
it for the
purposes
ofthe total coliform rule, under this Section.
d)
This subsection corresponds with 40 CFR 141 .21(f)(4), which U~S—EPAhas marked
“reserved”.
This statement maintains structural consistency
with
the federal regulations.
e)
Suppliers
shall conduct fecal coliform analysis
in accordance with the following procedure:
1)
When
theMTF Technique or P-A Coliform Test is used to test for total coliforms,
shake
the lactose-positive presumptive tube or
P-A vigorously
and
transfer the growth
with a sterile 3-mm loop or sterile applicator stick into brilliant green
lactose bile
broth
and
EC medium,
defined below, to determine
the
presence of total and fecal
coliforms,
respectively.
2)
For
approved methods that use a membrane
filter, transfer the
total coliform-positive
culture by
one
of the following methods:
remove
the membrane containing the total
coliform colonies from
the substrate with a sterile
forceps and carefully curl
and
insert
the
membrane
into a
tube
of EC medium.
(The
laboratory may
first
remove a small
portion of selected colonies for verification); swab the entire
membrane filter surface
with a sterile cotton swab and transfer the inoculum
to EC
medium
(do not
leave
the
cotton
swab in the EC medium);
or
inoculate individual
total
coliform-positive colonies
into
EC
medium.
Gently shake
the
inoculated tubes of
EC
medium
to insure adequate
mixing and
incubate in a waterbath at
44.5±0.2°
C for 24±2hours.
Gas production
of any amount in the inner fermentation tube of the
EC medium indicates a positive
fecal
coliform test.
3)
BC medium
is described in Standard
Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
9221
E.
4)
Suppliers need only determine the presence or
absence of fecal coliforms, a
determination of fecal coliform density is
not required.
f)
Suppliers shall conduct analysis of E.
coli in accordance with one of the following analytical
methods:
I)
BC
medium supplemented
with
50 ~.tg/L
of MUG (final concentration).
BC
medium is
as
described in subsection
(e).
MUG may be added
to EC
medium before
autoclaving.
EC medium supplemented with 50
~g/L MUG is commercially available.
At
least
10
mL of BC medium
supplemented
with MUG must be used.
The
inner inverted
fermentation tube may be omitted.
The
procedure for transferring a total
coliform-
positive culture to EC
medium
supplemented with MUG is as
in subsection (e) for
transferring
a total coliform-positive
culture to EC
medium.
Observe fluorescence with
an ultraviolet
light
(366 nm) in the dark after
incubating tube at
44.5±20
C
for 24±2
hours; or
55
2)
Nutrient agar supplemented with
100
~ig/L
MUG (final concentration).
Nutrient Agar
is
described
in Standard
Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
9221
B,
atpages
9-47 to 9-48.
This
test
is
used
to determine if a total coliform-positive sample,
as
determined by
the
MF technique or
any
other method
in
which a
membrane filter
is used, contains E.
coli.
Transfer
the membrane filter
containing a total coliform colony or
colonies to nutrient
agar supplemented
with
100
~Ig/LMUG
(final
concentration).
After
incubating the
agar plate at
350
Celsius for 4 hours, observe
the colony or
colonies under
ultraviolet
light
(366 nm) in the dark for fluorescence.
If
fluorescence
is visible,
B.
coli are
present.
3)
Minimal MediumONPG-MUG (MMO-MUG) Test, as set
forth
in Section 611.-
Appendix D.
(The
Autoanalysis
Coliert
System is a MMO-MUG test.)
If the MMO-
MUG test
is
total coliform positive after a 24-hour incubation, test the medium for
fluorescence with a 366-nm ultraviolet light (preferably with a 6-watt lamp) in the dark.
If fluorescence is observed, the sample
is
E. coli-positive.
If fluorescence
is
questionable (cannot be definitively read) after 24
hours incubation,
incubate the culture
for an additional
four hours (but not
to exceed
28 hours
total),
and
again test
the
medium
for fluorescence.
The
MMO-MUG test
with hepes buffer is
the only approved
formulation for the detection of B. coli.
4)
The Colisure Test,
from Millipore Corporation, incorporated by reference in Section
6 11.102.
g)
As
an option to the method
set
forth
in subsection (f)(3),
a supplier with a total coliform.
positive, MUG-negative, MMO-MUG test may further analyze the culture for the presence of B.
coli
by
transferring a 0.1
mL,
28-hour MMO-MUG culture to BC medium
+
MUG with a
pipet.
The
formulation
and incubation conditions of the EC
medium
+
MUG,
and observation
of the results are described
in subsection (f)(1).
h)
This subsection corresponds
with 40
CFR 141.21 (f)(8), a central listing of all
documents
incorporated by
reference
into the federal microbiological analytical methods.
The
corresponding Illinois
incorporatations by reference are located at Section
611.102.
This
statement
maintains structural parity with U-S~EPAregulations.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.21(f) (1994~.),as amended
(Dec.
5,
1994).
(Source:
Amended at 20
Ill. Reg.
_________,
effective
_______________________)
Section
611.531
Analytical Requirements
Only
the analytical
method(s) specified in
this Section
may be used to demonstrate compliance with the
requirements of Subpart
B.
Measurements
for pH, temperature,
turbidity and RDCs must be conducted under
the
supervision of a certified operator.
Measurements for total coliforms,
fecal coliforms and HPC
must be
conducted
by a laboratory certified
by
the Agency to do such analysis.
The
following procedures must be
•performed by
the following methods,
incorporated by reference
in Section
611.102:
a)
A supplier shall:
1)
Conduct analysis
of pH
in accordance with one of the methods listed at Section
611.611;
and
56
2)
Conduct
analyses ~eoftotal coliforms,
fecal coliforms, heterotrophic
bacteria, and
turbidity,
and temperature in accordance with one of the following methods,
and by
using
analytical test procedures contained in U.S—BPA Technical Notes,
incorporated
by reference
in Section
611.102:
A)
Total Coliforms:
BOARD
NOTE:
The
time from sample collection to initiation of analysis
must not exceed 8 hours. The supplier is encouraged but not required to hold
samples below
10°C during transit.
i)
Total coliform fermentation technique:
Standard
Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
9221
A,
B,
and
C.
BOARD
NOTE:
Lactose broth,
as commercially available, may be
used
in lieu of
lauryl tryptose broth if the supplier
conducts at least 25
parallel tests between this medium and lauryl tryptose broth
using the
water normally tested and this comparison demonstrates that the false-
positive rate and false-negative rate for total coliforms, using lactose
broth,
is less
than
10 percent.
If inverted tubes are used to detect gas
production,
the media should cover these tubes at least one-half to
two-thirds after the sample
is added.
No requirement exists
to run the
completed phase
on
10 percent of
all
total coliform-positive
confirmed
tubes.
ii)
Total coliform membrane
filter
technique:
Standard Methods,
18th
ed.:
Method
9222
A,
B,
and C.
iii)
ONPG-MUG
test
(also known as the autoanalysis colilert system):
Standard
Methods,
18th ed.:
Method 9223.
BOARD NOTE:
U-S—EPA included the P-A Coliform
and
Colisure
Tests for testing fmished water under
the coliform rule, under
Section
611.526, but
did
not
include them for the
purposes of
the surface
water treatment rule, under
this Section, for which quantitation of
total coliforms
is necessary.
For these reasons, U~S~EPA
included
Standard
Methods:
Method 9221
C
for the surface water treatment
rule, but
did
not
include
it for the purposes of the total
coliform rule,
under Section
611.526.
B)
Fecal Coliforms:
BOARD NOTE:
The
time from sam~Iecollection to initiation of
analysis
must
not exceed 8 hours.
The
supplier is encouraged but
not
required to hold
samples
below 10°C during transit.
i)
Fecal coliform MPN procedure:
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
9221
E.
57
BOARD
NOTE:
A-i broth may be held up to three months in a
tightly closed screwcap tube at
4°C (39°F).
ii)
Fecal Coliforms Membrane Filter Procedure:
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
9222
D.
C)
Heterotrophic bacteria:
Pour plate method:
Standard
Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
9215
B.
BOARD NOTE:
The
time from
sample collection
to initiation of analysis
must not
exceed 8 hours.
The supplier
is encouraged but
not
required to hold
samples below 10°C during transit.
D)
Turbidity:
i)
Nephelometric method:
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
2130
B.
ii)
Nephelometric
method:
U-S~EPA
Environmental
Inorganic
Methods:
Method
180.1
ii)
GLI
Method 2.
B)
Temperature:
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
2550.
b)
A supplier shall measure residual disinfectant
concentrations with one of the following analytical
methods
from Standard Methods, 18th ed.,
and
by
using analytical
test procedures contained in
US~-EPA
Technical
Notes,
incorporated by
reference in Section 611 .102:
1)
Free chlorine:
A)
Amperometric Titration:
Method
4500-Cl
D.
B)
DPD
Ferrous Titrimetric:
Method
4500-Cl F.
C)
DPD Colimetric: Method 4500-Cl G.
D)
Syringaldazine
(FACTS):
Method 4500-Cl
H.
2)
Total
chlorine:
A)
Amperometric Titration: Method 4500-Cl D.
B)
Amperometric Titration (low level measurement): Method 4500-Cl E.
C)
DPD
Ferrous Titrimetric:
Method 4500-Cl F.
D)
DPD
Colimetric:
Method
4500-Cl
G.
B)
lodometric Electrode: Method 4500-Cl I.
58
3)
Chlorine
dioxide:
A)
Amperometric
Titration:
Method 4500-C1O2 C
or
E.
B)
DPD Method:
Method
4500-ClOa D.
4)
Ozone:
Indigo Method:
Method
4500-03 B.
5)
Alternative
test methods:
The
Agency may grant a SEP pursuant to Section
611.110
that allows a supplier to use alternative
chlorine
test methods
as
follows:
A)
DPD colorimetric test kits:
Residual disinfectant concentrations for free
chlorine
and
combined chlorine
may
also be measured by
using DPD
colorimetric test kits.
B)
Continuous
monitoring for free
and
total chlorine:
Free and total chlorine
residuals
may be measured continuously by adapting a specified chlorine
residual method for use with a continuous monitoring instrument, provided the
chemistry,
accuracy,
and
precision remain the same.
Instrumentsused for
continuous monitoring must
be calibrated with a grab sample
measurement at
least every five days
or
as
otherwise provided by
the
Agency.
BOARD NOTE:
Suppliers
may use a five-tube test
or a ten-tube
test.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from
40 CFR 141.74(a)
(1994~),
as
amended at 59
Fed.
Reg. 62170
(Dec.
5,
1991).
(Source:
Amended at 20 Ill. Reg.
_________,
effective
_______________________
SUBPART
N:
INORGANIC
MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL
REQUIREMENTS
Section 611.591
Violation of State MCL
This Section applies
to old
MCLs
that
are
marked as
“additional State
requirements” at Section 611.300, and for
which no specific
monitoring,
reporting or public notice requirements are specified below.
If the results of
analysis pursuant to this
Part
indicates that the level of
any
contaminant exceeds
the old MCL, the CWS supplier
shall:
a)
Report to the
Agency within
seven days,
and
initiate three
additional
analyses atthe same
sampling point within one month;
b)
Notit~’the Agency
and
give public notice as
specified in Subpart T, when the average
of four
analyses,
rounded to the same number of significant figures as the
old MCL for the contaminant
in question,
exceeds the
old MCL;
and,
c)
Monitor,
after public notification,
at a frequency designated
by
the Agency,
and continue
monitoring
until
the oldMCLhas not been exceeded in two consecutive samples, or until a
monitoring schedule as a condition of a variance or enforcement action becomes effective.
BOARD NOTE:
This is
an additional
State requirement.
59
(Source:
Amended at 20
Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
_______________________)
Section
611.600
Applicability
The following types ofsuppliers shall conduct monitoring to determine compliance with the old MCLs in
Section
611.300 and the revisedMCLs in 611.301, as appropriate, in accordance with this Subpart:
a)
CWS suppliers.
b)
NTNCWS suppliers.
c)
Transient non-CWS
suppliers to determine compliance with the nitrate
and nitrite MCLs.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR
141.23 (preamble)
(l994~.).
d)
Detection limits.
The
following are detection limits for purposes of
this Subpart (MCLs from
Section
611.301
are
set
forth
for
information purposes only):
Detection
MCL
(mg/L,
cx-
Limit
cept asbestos)
(mg/L)
Contaminant
Method
Antimony
0.006
Atomic
absorption-furnace technique
0.003
Atomic
absorption-furnace technique
0.0008
(stabilized temperature)
Inductively-coupled plasma-mass
0.0004
spectrometry
Atomic absorption-gaseous hydride
0.001
technique
Asbestos
7
MFL
Transmission electron microscopy
0.01 MFL
Barium
2
Atomic
absorption- furnace technique
0.002
Atomic
absorption-
direct
aspiration
0.1
technique
Inductively-coupled plasma arc furnace
0.002
Inductively-coupled plasma
0.001
Beryllium
0.004
Atomic
absorption-furnace
technique
0.0002
Atomic
absorption-furnace technique
0.00002
(stabilized temperature)
60
Inductively-coupled plasma (using a 2x
0.0003
preconcentration step; a lower MDL is
possible using 4x preconcentration)
Inductively-coupledplasma-mass
0.0003
spectrometry
Cadmium
0.005
Atomic
absorption-
furnace technique
0.0001
Inductively-coupled plasma
0.001
Chromium
0.1
Atomic
absorption-
furnace technique
0.001
Inductively-coupled plasma
0.007
Inductively-coupled plasma
0.001
Cyanide
0.2
Distillation, spectrophotometric
0.02
(screening method for total cyanides)
Automated distillation,
0.005
spectrophotometric (screening method
for total cyanides)
Distillation,
selective electrode
0.05
(screening method for total
cyanides)
Distillation,
amenable,
0.02
spectrophotometric (for free
cyanides)
Mercury
0.002
Manual cold vapor technique
0.0002
Automated cold vapor technique
0.0002
Nickel
04No MCL
Atomic
absorption-furnace technique
0.001
Atomic absorption-furnace
technique
0.0006
(stabilized temperature)
Inductively-coupled plasma (using a 2x
0.005
preconcentration step; a lowerMDL
is
possible using 4x preconcentration)
Inductively-coupled plasma-mass
0.0005
spectrometry
Nitrate (as N)
10
Manual cadmium reduction
0.01
Automated hydrazine reduction
0.01
Automated cadmium reduction
0.05
61
Ion-selective electrode
ion chromatography
0.01
Nitrite (as N)
1
Spectrophotometric
0.01
Automated cadmium reduction
0.05
Manual
cadmium reduction
0.01
Ion chromatography
0.004
Selenium
0.05
Atomic absorption- furnace technique
0.002
Atomic absorption- gaseous hydride
0.002
technique
Thallium
0.002
Atomic
absorption-furnace technique
0.001
Atomic
absorption-furnace technique
0.0007
(stabilized temperature)
Inductively-coupled plasma-mass
0.0003
spectrometry
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived from 40
CFR
141.23 preamble and
paragraph (a)(4)(i) ~
the Board Note at Section 611.301(b) relating to the MCL for nickel.
(Source:
Amended at 20 Ill.
Reg. ________,effective
_______________________
Section 611.601
Monitoring
Frequency
Monitoring shall
be conducted
as
follows:
a)
Required sampling.
1)
Each
supplier shall take
a minimum of one sample at each sampling point at the times
required
by
Section
611.610 beginning
in the
initial
compliance
period.
2)
Each sampling point must produce
samples that are representative of the water from
each source after treatment or from each treatment plant, as required by subsection (b)
below. The total number ofsampling points must be representative ofthe water
delivered to users throughout the
PWS.
3)
The supplier shall take each sample at the same sampling point
unless
conditions make
another sampling point
more representative of each source or treatment plant and
the
Agency has granted a SEPpursuant to subsection
(b)(5)
below.
b)
Sampling points.
62
1)
Sampling points for GWSs.
Unless otherwise provided by
SEP,
a GWS
supplier shall
take at
least one sample from each of the
following points:
each entry point that
is
representative
of each well after treatment.
2)
Sampling points for SWSs and mixed
systems.
Unless otherwise provided by
SEP, a
SWS or
mixed system supplier shall
take at least one sample
from each of the
following
points:
A)
Each entry point after the application of treatment; or
B)
A point in the distribution
system that
is representative
of each source
after
treatment.
3)
If a system draws water from more than
one source,
and the sources are combined
before distribution,
the supplier shall sample
at
an
entry point during periods of normal
operating conditions when water
is representative
of all
sources being used.
4)
Additional sampling points.
The Agency
shall, by SEP, designate additional sampling
points in the distribution
system or at the consumer’s
tap
if
it determines that such
samples
are necessary
to more accurately
determine
consumer exposure.
5)
Alternative
sampling points.
The Agency
shall, by SEP.
approve alternate sampling
points if the supplier demonstrates that
the
points are
more representative
than
the
generally required point.
c)
This subsection corresponds
with 40 CFR
141 .23(a)(4),
an optional U~S~-EPA
provision relating
to
compositing of samples that
U7S.—EPA does
not
require for state programs.
This statement
maintains structural consistency with U-S~-.EPArules.
d)
The frequency
of monitoring for the following contaminants must be in accordance with the
following
Sections:
1)
Asbestos:
Section 611.602;
2)
Antimony, barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cyanide,
fluoride, mercury,
nickel, selenium,
and thallium:
Section
611.603;
3)
Nitrate:
Section
611.604;
and
4)
Nitrite:
Section 611.605.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from
40
CFR
141.23(a)
and
(c) (1994~).
(Source:
Amended at 20
III. Reg.
_________,
effective
________________________)
Section
611.606
Confirmation Samples
a)
Where the results of sampling for antimony, asbestos, barium,
beryllium, cadmium, chromium,
cyanide,
fluoride, mercury, nickel,
selenium, or thallium
indicate a
level
in excess of
the
MCL,
the supplier shall collect one additional
sample as soon as possible after the
supplier receives
63
notification of the analytical result
(but no later
than two weeks after
the
initial sample
was
taken) at the same sampling point.
b)
Where nitrate
or
nitrite sampling results indicate gjevel in excess of the MCL, the supplier
shall
take a confirmation sample
within 24
hours after
the supplier’s receipt of notification of the
analytical results of the first sample.
1)
Suppliers unable to comply
with the 24-hour sampling requirement must,
based on
the
initial sample, notify the persons served in accordance with Section 611.851.
2)
Suppliers exercising
this option
must
take
and
analyze a confirmation sample
within
two
weeks of notification of the analytical results of the first sample.
c)
Averaging
rules are specified in Section 611.609.
The Agency
shall delete
the original or
confirmation sample if it
determines that a sampling error occurred,
in which case the
confirmation sample
will replace the original sample.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR
141.23(1)
(1994k).
(Source:
Amended at 20
Ill. Reg.
•
,
effective
_______________________
Section
611.611
Inorganic
Analysis
Analytical methods
are from
documents incorporated by
reference
in Section
611.102.
These are
mostly
referenced by a short
name defined by
Section
611.102(a).
Other abbreviations are defined in Section
611.101.
a)
Analysis for the following contaminants must be conducted using the following methods
or
an
alternative approved pursuant to Section
611.480.
Criteria for analyzing arsenic, chromium,
copper, lead,
nickel, selenium, sodium,
and
thallium with digestion or directly
without
digestion,
and other analytical procedures,
are
contained in
U7S~—EPATechnical Notes,
incorporated by
reference
in Section
611.102.
(This
document also contains approved
analytical
test
methods
that remain available for compliance
monitoring until
July
1,
1996.
These
methods
will
not
be available for use after
July
1,
1996.)
1)
Antimony:
A)
Inductively-coupled plasma-mass
spectrometry:
U.S.—BPA Environmental
Metals Methods:
Method
200.8.
B)
Atomic absorption,
hydride technique:
ASTM Method
D3697-92.
C)
Atomic
absorption, platform furnace
technique:
U~&—EPA
Environmental
Metals Methods:
Method
200.9.
D)
Atomic
absorption,
furnace technique:
Standard Methods,
18th
ed.:
Method
31l3B.
2)
Arsenic:
A)
Inductively-coupled Plasma:
64
i)
U-S—EPA
Environmental
Metals Methods:
Method 200.7,
or
ii)
Standard
Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
3120 B.
B)
Inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: U~S.—EPAEnvironmental
Metals Methods:
Method
200.8.
C)
Atomic absorption,
platform
furnace technique:
U~S~-EPA
Environmental
Metals Methods:
Method
200.9.
D)
Atomic
Absorption,
furnace technique:
i)
ASTM Method
D2972-93 C,
or
ii)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method 3113
B.
E)
Atomic
absorption,
hydride technique:
i)
ASTM Method
D2972-93
B,
or
ii)
Standard Methods,
18th
ed.:
Method 3114
B.
3)
Asbestos:
Transmission electron microscopy:
U.~&.-EPAAsbestos Methods-100. 1
and
U-~S—EPAAsbestos Methods-
100.2.
4)
Barium:
A)
Inductively-coupled plasma:
I)
U~.S.—EPAEnvironmental Metals Methods:
Method
200.7,
or
ii)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
3120
B.
B)
Inductively-coupledplasma-mass spectrometry: U~.S~—EPA
Environmental
Metals Methods:
Method 200.8.
C)
Atomic
absorption, direct aspiration technique:
Standard
Methods,
18th ed.:
Method 3111
D.
D)
Atomic
absorption, furnace technique:
Standard
Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
3113
B.
5)
Beryllium:
A)
Inductively-coupled plasma:
i)
U-S~--EPA
Environmental Metals Methods:
Method
200.7, or
ii)
Standard
Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
3120 B.
65
B)
Inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry:
U-S~—EPA
Environmental
Metals Methods:
Method 200.8.
C)
Atomic
absorption, platform furnace technique:
U7S-EPA
Environmental
Metals Methods:
Method
200,9.
D)
Atomic
absorption, furnace technique:
i)
ASTM Method
D3645-93
B,
or
ii)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
3113
B.
6)
Cadmium:
A)
Inductively-coupled plasma arc furnace:
U~Sr-EPAEnvironmental Metals
Methods:
Method 200.7.
B)
Inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry:
U..S~-EPAEnvironmental
Metals Methods:
Method 200.8.
C)
Atomic
absorption,
platform furnace technique:
U7S~-EPAEnvironmental
Metals Methods:
Method 200.9.
D)
Atomic absorption,
furnace technique:
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
3113
B.
7)
Chromium:
A)
Inductively-coupled plasma arc furnace:
i)
U7S.r-EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method
200.7, or
ii)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
3120 B.
B)
Inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry:
UTS~-EPAEnvironmental
Metals Methods:
Method 200.8.
C)
Atomic
absorption, platform furnace technique:
U7S~-EPAEnvironmental
Metals Methods:
Method
200.9.
D)
Atomic
absorption,
furnace technique:
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
3113
B.
8)
Cyanide:
A)
Manual distillation (Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
4500-CN
C),
followed by spectrophotometric,
amenable:
i)
ASTM
Method D2036-9l
B,
ii)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method 4500-CN
G.
66
B)
Manual
distillation (Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method 4500-CN
C),
followed by
spectrophotometric,
manual:
i)
ASTM Method
D2036-9
1
A,
ii)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method 4500-CN
E, or
iii)
USGS
Methods:
Method
1-3300-85.
C)
Manual distillation (Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method 4500-CN
C),
followed
by
semiautomated spectrophotometric:
U~S~—BPA
Environmental
Inorganic
Methods:
Method
335.4.
D)
Selective electrode:
Standard
Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
4500-CN
F.
9)
Fluoride:
A)
Ion Chromatography:
i)
U~.S7-EPAEnvironmental Inorganic Methods:
Method
300.0,
ii)
ASTM Method D4327-91, or
iii)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method 4110
B.
B)
Manual distillation,
colorimetric SPADNS:
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
4500.V B and
D.
C)
Manual
electrode:
i)
ASTM Method Dl 179-93B,
or
ii)
Standard
Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
4500.F
C.
D)
Automated electrode:
Technicon Methods:
Method
380-75WE.
B)
Automated
alizarin:
i)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
4500-V E,
or
ii)
Technicon
Methods:
Method
129-71W.
10)
Mercury:
A)
•
Manual
cold vapor technique:
i)
U-Sr-EPA Environmental
Metals Methods:
Method 245.1,
ii)
ASTM Method D3223-91, or
67
iii)
Standard Methods, 18th ed.:
Method 3112 B.
B)
Automated cold vapor
technique:
U~S~-.EPA
Inorganic Methods:
Method
245.2.
C)
Inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry:
UrS.r-EPA Environmental
Metals Methods:
Method
200.8.
II)
Nickel:
A)
Inductively-coupled plasma:
i)
U~Sr-EPAEnvironmental
Metals Methods:
Method 200.7,
or
ii)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
3120 B.
B)
Inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry:
U’rSr-EPA Environmental
Metals Methods:
Method
200.8.
C)
Atomic
absorption,
platform furnace technique:
U-rS~-EPA
Environmental
Metals Methods:
Method 200.9;
D)
Atomic
absorption, direct aspiration technique:
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
3111 B;
E)
Atomic absorption,
furnace technique:
Standard
Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
3113 B;
12)
Nitrate:
A)
Ion chromatography:
i)
U~Sr-EPAEnvironmental
Inorganic
Methods:
Method
300.0,
ii)
ASTM Method D4327-91,
iii)
Standard Methods,
18th
ed.:
Method 4110
B,
or
iv)
Waters Test Method B-lOll,
available
from Millipore Corporation.
B)
Automated cadmium reduction:
I)
U.~S.rEPA
Environmental Inorganic Methods:
Method
353.2,
ii)
ASTM Method D3867-90 A, or
iii)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
4500-NO3’ F.
C)
Ion
selective electrode:
i)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
4500-No3’ D,
or
68
ii)
Technical Bulletin 601.
D)
Manual cadmium
reduction:
i)
ASTMMethod D3867-90 B, or
ii)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method 4500-NO3’
B.
13)
Nitrite:
A)
Ion chromatography:
i)
U7Sr-EPA Environmental
Inorganic
Methods:
Method
300.0,
ii)
ASTM Method D4327-91,
iii)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
4110
B,
or
iv)
Waters
Test Method Method B-lOll,
available from Millipore
Corporation.
B)
Automated
cadmium
reduction:
i)
U-S~-EPAEnvironmental
Inorganic
Methods:
Method 353.2,
ii)
ASTM
Method
D3867-90 A,
or
iii)
Standard Methods, 18th ed.: Method 4500-NO3’ F.
C)
Manual cadmium reduction:
i)
ASTM Method
D3867-90 B,
or
ii)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method 4500-NO~’B.
D)
Spectrophotometric:
Standard Methods, 18th ed.: Method 4500-NO2’ B.
14)
Selenium:
A)
Atomic
absorption, hydride:
i)
ASTM Method D3859-93 A, or
ii)
Standard Methods, 18th ed.: Method 3114 B.
B)
Inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry:
U-S~-EPAEnvironmental
Metals Methods:
Method 200.8.
C)
Atomic
absorption, platform furnace technique:
U.Sr-EPA Environmental
Metals
Methods:
Method 200.9.
69
D)
Atomic
absorption,
furnace technique:
i)
ASTM Method D3859-93 B, or
ii)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
3113
B.
15)
Thallium:
A)
Inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry:
U’?S’—EPA Environmental
Metals
Methods:
Method 200.8.
B)
Atomic
absorption, platform furnace technique:
U~Sr-EPAEnvironmental
Metals
Methods:
Method 200.9.
16)
Lead:
A)
Atomic
absorption,
furnace technique:
i)
ASTM Method D3559-90 D, or
ii)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
3113
B.
B)
Inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry:
U.~S—EPAEnvironmental
Metals Methods:
Method
200.8.
C)
Atomic
absorption,
platform furnace technique:
U~S~-EPA
Environmental
Metals
Methods:
Method 200.9.
17)
Copper:
A)
Atomic
absorption,
furnace technique:
i)
ASTM Method D1688-90 C,
or
ii)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
3113
B.
B)
Atomic absorption,
direct aspiration:
i)
ASTM Method D1688-90 A, or
ii)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
3111
B.
C)
Inductively-coupled plasma:
i)
th&-EPA Environmental Metals
Methods:
Method
200.7, or
ii)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
3120 B.
D)
Inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: U-S~-EPA
Environmental
Metals Methods:
Method
200.8.
70
B)
Atomic
absorption, platform furnace technique:
U~S~-EPA
Environmental
Metals Methods:
Method
200.9.
18)
pH:
A)
Electrometric:
i)
U7S~—EPAInorganic
Methods:
Method
150.1,
ii)
ASTM Method
D1293-84,
or
iii)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method 4500-H~
B.
B)
UrSEPA Inorganic
Methods:
Method
150.2.
19)
Conductivity:
Conductance:
A)
ASTM Method Dl 125-91 A, or
B)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
2510
B.
20)
Calcium:
A)
EDTA
titrimetric:
i)
ASTM Method D511-93
A,
or
ii)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method 3500-Ca D.
B)
Atomic absorption,
direct
aspiration:
i)
ASTM
Method D5 11-93 B,
or
ii)
Standard
Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
3111
B.
C)
Inductively-coupled plasma:
i)
U~~.Sr-EPA
Environmental
Metals Methods:
Method 200.7, or
ii)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
3120
B.
21)
Alkalinity:
A)
Titrimetric:
i)
ASTM
Method
D1067-92 B, or
ii)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method 2320 B.
B)
Blectrometric titration:
USGS
Methods:
Method
1-1030-85.
71
22)
Orthophosphate (unfiltered, without digestion or hydrolysis):
A)
Automated colorimetric, ascorbic acid:
i)
U-.S~-EPA
Environmental
Inorganic Methods:
Method 365.1, or
ii)
Standard
Methods,
18th ed.:
Method 4500-P
F.
B)
Single reagent colorimetric,
ascorbic acid:
i)
ASTM
Method D515-88 A,
or
ii)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method 4500-P
E.
C)
Colorimetric, phosphomolybdate:
USGS
Methods:
Method
1-1601-85.
D)
Colorimetric, phosphomolybdate,
automated-segmented flow:
USGS
Methods:
Method
1-2601-90.
E)
Colorimetric,
phosphomolybdate, automated discrete:
USGS Methods:
Method
1-2598-85.
F)
Ion
Chromatography:
i)
U~&-EPA
Environmental
Inorganic Methods:
Method 300.0,
ii)
ASTM
Method D4327-9l,
or
iii)
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method 4110.
23)
Silica:
A)
Colorimetric,
molybdate blue:
USGS
Methods:
Method
1-1700-85.
B)
Colorimetric,
molybdate blue, automated-segmented flow:
USGS Methods:
Method 1-2700-85.
C)
Colorimetric:
ASTM
Method D859-88.
D)
Molybdosilicate:
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
4500-Si D.
E)
Heteropoly blue:
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
4500-Si E.
F)
Automated method for molybdate-reactive silica:
Standard
Methods,
18th ed.:
Method 4500-Si F.
G)
Inductively-coupled plasma:
i)
U~S.r-EPA
Environmental Metals Methods:
Method 200.7, or
72
ii)
Standard
Methods,
18th ed.:
Method 3120
B.
24)
Temperature:
thermometric:
Standard
Methods,
18th ed.:
Method 255O-~.
25)
Sodium:
A)
Inductively-coupled plasma:
U.S—EPA Environmental Metals
Methods:
Method
200.7.
B)
Atomic
absorption, direct
aspiration:
Standard Methods,
18th ed.:
Method
3111
B.
b)
Sample collection
for antimony, asbestos,
barium, beryllium, cadmium,
chromium, cyanide,
fluoride,
mercury, nickel, nitrate, nitrite,
selenium,
and thallium pursuant to Sections 611.600
through
611.604
must
be conducted using
the following sample preservation,
container
and
maximum holding time procedures:
1)
Antimony:
A)
B)
Plastic or glass
(hard or
soft).
C)
Holding
time:
Samples must
be analyzed
as
soon after collection
as
possible,
but
in any
event within 6
months.
2)
Asbestos:
A)
Preservative:
Cool to 4°C.
B)
Plastic
or glass
(hard
or soft).
3)
Barium:
A)
B)
Plastic or
glass (hard or soft).
C)
Holding
time:
Samples
must be analyzed as soon after collection as possible,
but
in any event within
6
months.
Preservative:
Concentrated nitric
acid
to pH less than 2.—If nitric
acid
cannot
be used because of shipping
restrictions,
the
sample
may
initially be preserved
by
icing and
immediately shipping
it
to the laboratory.
Upon receipt
in the
laboratory, the
sample must
be acidified with concentrated
nitric
acid to pH
less than 2.
At
thc time of
sample
analysis,
the
sample container must be
thoroughly rinsed with
1:1 nitric
acid; washings
must be added to the
sample.
Preservative:
Concentrated nitric
acid to pH
less than 2.
If nitric
acid cannot
be used because of shipping
restrictions, the
sample may
initially
be preserved
by
icing antI
immediately shipping
it to the laboratory.
Upon
receipt
in the
laboratory, the sample
must
be acidified with
concentrated
nitric
acid to pH
less
than
2.
At the time of sample analysis,
the
sample
container must
be
thoroughly rinsed with
1:1 nitric
acid; washings
must be
added to the sample.
4)
Beryllium:
73
A)
Preservative:
Concentrated nitric
acid topH
less than 2.
Ifnitric acid
ut
u~u
because
ui
stuppmg
restrictions,
ui~
sample
-may imttally be
preserved
by icing
and immediately
shipping it to the
laboratory.
Upon
receipt
in the
laboratory,
the
sample must
be acidified with
concentrated
nitric
acid to pH
less than 2.
At the time of sample analysis, the
sample container must be
thoroughly rinsed v.ith
1: 1
nitric
acid;
washings must be added to the
sample.
B)
Plastic
or
glass
(hard or soft).
C)
Holding
time:
Samples must be analyzed as soon after collection as possible,
but in any event within 6
months.
5)
Cadmium:
A)
B)
Plastic or glass
(hard or soft).
C)
Holding time:
Samples must be analyzed
as soon after collection as possible,
but
in any
event within 6 months.
6)
Chromium:
A)
B)
Plastic
or glass (hard
or soft).
C)
Holding time:
Samples must be analyzed
as soon after collection
as possible,
but in any event within 6 months.
7)
Cyanide:
A)
Preservative:
Cool to 4°C. Add sodium hydroxide to pH
12.
See the
analytical methods for information on sample
preservation.
B)
Plastic or
glass
(hard
or soft).
C)
Holding time:
Samples must be analyzed
as
soon after collection as possible,
but in any
event within
14
days.
Preservative:
Concentrated nitric
acid
to pH less
than
2.
If nitric acid cannot
be used because
of shipping restrictions,
the sample
may initially
be
preserved
by
icing
and
immediately shipping it
to the
laboratory.
Upon receipt in the
laboratory,
the sample
must be acidified
with concentrated nitric
acid to pH
less than 2.
At the time of sample analysis,
the
sample container must be
thoroughly rinsed with
1:
1
nitric
acid;
washings must be
added to the
sample.
Preservative:
Concentrated nitric
acid
to pH
less
than
2.
If nitric
acid cannot
be used because of shipping restrictions, the
sample may
initially be preserved
by
icing
and
immediately
shipping
it
to the laboratory.
Upon receipt
in the
laboratory,
the
sample
must be acidified
with concentrated nitric
acid to pH
less than
2.
At the timc of sample analysis, the
sample container must be
thoroughly rinsed
with
1:1 nitric
acid;
washings
must be added to the
sample.
74
8)
Fluoride:
A)
Preservative:
None.
B)
Plastic
or
glass
(hard
or soft).
C)
Holding time:
Samples
must
be analyzed as
soon after collection as
possible,
but in any event within
1 month.
9)
Mercury:
A)
B)
C)
10)
Nickel:
A)
Preservative:
Concentrated nitric acid
to pH less
than
2.
If nitric
acid cannot
be
used because
of shipping restrictions,
the
sample may
initially be preserved
by
icing
and
immediately shipping it
to the
laboratory.
Upon receipt in the
laboratory,
the sample must
be acidified with concentrated
nitric
acid to pH
less
than
2.
At the time of sample
analysis, the
sample
container must be
thoroughly
rinsed with
1:1 nitric
acid; washings
must
be added to the sample.
Plastic or
glass (hard
or
soft).
Holding time:
Samples must be analyzed as soon after collection
as possible,
but
in
any
event within 28
days.
Preservative:
Concentrated nitric
acid to pH
less
than 2.
If
nitric acid cannot
be-used because of shipping restrictions,
the
sample
may initially
be preserved
by—icing
and
immediately
shipping
it
to the laboratory.
Upon
receipt
in the
laboratory,
the sample must be acidified
with
concentrated
nitric
acid
to pH
less
than
2.
At
the
time of sample analysis, the
sample container
must
be
thoroughly rinsed with
1:1
nitric
acid; washings must
be added to the
sample.
B)
Plastic
or glass (hard
or soft).
C)
Holding
time:
Samples must
be analyzed
as soon after
collection as possible,
but
in
any event
within
6 months.
11)
Nitrate, chlorinated:
A)
Preservative:
Cool to 4°C.
B)
Plastic
or
glass (hard
or soft).
C)
Holding
time:
Samples must
be analyzed
as soon after
collection as possible,
but in any event
within
28
days.
12)
Nitrate,
non-chlorinated:
A)
Preservative:
Concentrated sulfuric acid to pH less
than 2.
75
B)
Plastic
or
glass
(hard
or soft).
C)
Holding
time:
Samples
must be analyzed
as
soon
after
collection as possible,
but
in
any
event
within
14
days.
13)
Nitrite:
A)
Preservative:
Cool
to 4°C.
B)
Plastic or
glass
(hard
or soft).
C)
Holding
time:
Samples
must be analyzed
as soon after collection
as possible,
but
in any
event within
48 hours.
14)
Selenium:
A)
B)
Plastic or
glass
(hard or
soft).
C)
Holding
time:
Samples
must be analyzed
as soon after
collection
as
possible,
but
in
any
event within
6 months.
15)
Thallium:
A)
B)
Plastic or glass (hard or soft).
C)
Holding
time:
Samples
must
be analyzed as soon after
collection
as
possible,
but
in
any
event within 6 months.
c)
Analyses under
this Subpart
must be conducted by
laboratories that received approval from ~
EPA or the Agency.
Laboratories may conduct sample analyses for antimony, beryllium,
cyanide, nickel,
and
thallium under
provisional certification
granted by
the Agency
until January
1,
1996.
The
Agency shall certify laboratories to conduct analyses for antimony, asbestos,
barium, beryllium,
cadmium, chromium, cyanide, fluoride, mercury,
nickel,
nitrate, nitrite,
selenium,
and
thallium if the laboratory:
Preservative:
Concentrated nitric
acid to pH
less
than
2.
If
nitric acid
cannot
be used
because of shipping restrictions,
the
sample
may initially
be
preserved
by
icing
and
immediately
shipping it
to the laboratory.
Upon receipt in
the
laboratory, the
sample must
be acidified with concentrated
nitric
acid
to pH
less
than
2.
At the time of sample
analysis,
the sample
container
must be
thoroughly rinsed with
1:1
nitric
acid;
washings
must
be added to the
sample.
Preservative:
Concentrated nitric
acid to pH less
than 2.
If nitric acid cannot
be used because of shipping restrictions, the sample
may initially be preserved
by icing
and immediately
shipping
it
to the laboratory.
Upon
receipt
in
the
laboratory, the
sample must be acidified with concentrated
nitric
acid to pH
less than 2.
At
the time of
sample
analysis,
the sample
container must be
thoroughly rinsed with
1:
1
nitric
acid;
washings
must
be added to
the
sample.
76
1)
Analyzes performance evaluation
samples, provided by
the
Agency
pursuant to 35
111.
Adm. Code
183.125(c), that include those
substances
at levels not
in excess of levels
expected
in drinking water;
and
2)
Achieves quantitative results on the
analyses within
the following acceptance limits:
A)
Antimony:
±30
at greater than
or equal to 0.006 rng/L.
BOARD
NOTE:
10
CFR
11 1.23(k)(3) (1994),
as renumbered,
actually lists
“6//30”
as
the acceptance limit for
antimony.
The Board corrected this to”
30.”
based
on
the discussion at
57
Fed.
Reg. 31801
(July
17,
1992).
B)
Asbestos:
2
standard
deviations
based
on
study
statistics.
C)
Barium: ±
15
at greater than or
equal to 0.15 mg/L.
D)
Beryllium: ±
15
at greater than or equal to 0.001
mg/L.
E)
Cadmium: ±20
at greater than or equal to
0.002
mg/L.
F)
Chromium:
±
15
at greater
than or equal to 0.01
mgIL.
0)
Cyanide: ±
25
at greater than
or
equal to 0.1
mg/It.
H)
Fluoride: ±10
at
1 to
10 mg/L.
I)
Mercury:
±30
at greater than or equal to 0.0005 mg/L.
J)
Nickel: ±15
at greater than or equal to 0.01
mgIL.
K)
Nitrate: ±10
at greater than or equal to 0.4
mgIL.
L)
Nitrite: ±
15
at greater than
or equal to 0.4
mgIL.
M)
Selenium: ±20
at
greater than or equal to 0.01
rng/L.
N)
Thallium: ±30
at greater than or
equal to 0.002 mg/L.
BOARD NOTE:
Subsection
(e)
is derived from the table to 40 CFR
l4l.23(k)(2)
(19945J,
as
renumbered
at
59
Fed.
Reg. 62166
(Dcc.
5,
1994),
and the discussion at 57
Fed. Reg. 31809
(July
17,
1992).
Section 611.609 is
derived from 40 CFR 141.23(k) (l994~),
as
amended at
59
Fed.
Reg.
62466
(Dec.
5,
1994).
(Source:
Amended at 20
Ill. Reg.
________,
effective
_______________________
Section 611.630
Special Monitoring for Sodium
a)
CWS
suppliers shall collect an4 analyze one
sample per
plant at the entry point of the
distribution
system for the determination of sodium concentration levels;
samples
must be
collected
and analyzed
annually
for CWSs utilizing surface water sources in whole or in part,
77
and
at least
every
three
years
for CWSs utilizing
solely groundwater sources. The
minimum
number
of samples required to be taken by
the supplier
is
based
on the number of treatment
plants
used
by
the supplier,
except that multiple wells
drawing raw water
from a single aquifer
may, with the
Agency
approval,
be considered one treatment plant for determining the minimum
number
of samples. The
Agency
shall require the supplier
to collect
and analyze
water samples
for sodium more frequently
in locations where the sodium content is
variable.
b)
The CWS supplier
shall report
to the Agency the results of the analyses for sodium within the
first
10
days
of
the month
following the month
in which the sample
results were received or
within
the first
10
days
following the end of the required
monitoring period
as
specified by
SEP,
whichever of these
is
first.
If more than
annual
sampling is required~
the supplier shall
report
the average
sodium concentration within
10
days of the month
following the month
in which the
analytical
results of the last sample used for the annual average
was
received.
c)
The CWS supplier
shall notify
the
Agency
and
appropriate
local public health officials
of the
sodium
levels by
written notice by
direct mail within three months.
A copy
of each
notice
required to be provided
by
this subsection
must
be sent to
the Agency
within
10 days of its
issuance.
d)
Analyses for
sodium must be conducted as
directed in Section
611.611(a).
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from
40 CFR 141.41
(1994),
as
amended at 59
Fed.
Reg.
62470 (Dec.
5,
1994).
(Source:
Amended at
20
III.
Reg.
________,
effective
_______________________)
SUBPART 0:
ORGANIC
MONITORING AND
ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS
Section 611.641
Old MCLs
a)
An analysis of substances
for the purpose of determining compliance with the
old
MCLs
of
Section
611.310 must be made as follows:
I)
The Agency shall, by SEP, require CWS suppliers utilizing surface water sources to
collect samples during the
period of the year when contamination by
pesticides is most
likely
to
occur.
The
Agency
shall require
the
supplier
to repeat these analyses at least
annually.
2)
The
Agency
shall,
by
SEP, require CWS suppliers utilizing only groundwater sources
to collect samples at least
once every three years.
b)
If the result of an analysis made pursuant to
subsection
(a)
indicates
that the level of
any
contaminant exceeds
its
old MCL, the CWS supplier shall report to the Agency within
7 days
and initiate three additional
analyses within
one month.
c)
When the
average of four
analyses made pursuant to subsection (a), rounded to the same number
of significant figures as the MCL for the substance in
question,
exceeds the old
MCL, the CWS
supplier
shall report
to the Agency
and
give notice to the public pursuant to Subpart T.
Monitoring
after
public notification must be at a frequency designated by
the Agency
and
must
continue
until
the
MCL has not been exceeded in two successive
samples
or until a monitoring
78
schedule as a condition to a variance, adjusted standard or enforcement action becomes
effective.
d)
Analysis made to determine compliance with the oldMCLs of Section 611.310 must be made in
accordance with the appropriate methods specified
in Section
611 .648E4~.
BOARD
NOTE:
This
provision now
applies only to
state-only MCLs.
It
was formerly derived
from 40
CFR 141.24(a) through
(e), which
U.S.
EPA removed and reserved at
59
Fed. Reg.
34323
(July
1,
1994).
(Source:
Amended at 20
III.
Reg.
________,
effective
_______________________)
Section 611.645
Analytical
Methods for Organic
Chemical
Contaminants
Analysis for the
Section
611.311(a)
VOCs under Section 6ll.646~.~
the
Section
611.311(c) SOCs under
Section
61l.648T~and-the
Section
611.310 old
organic MCLs under Section
611.641;
and for THMs,
TTHMs, and
TTHM
potential
shall
be
conducted
using the methods
listed in this
Section
or by
equivalent methods as approved
by
the Agency pursuant to Section 611.480.
All methods
are from U.S.
EPA Organic Methods unless otherwise
indicated.
Volatile Organic Chemical Contaminants (VOCs):
Contaminant
Analytical Methods
Benzene
502.2, 524.2
Carbon tetrachloride
502.2,
524.2,
551
Chlorobenzene
502.2,
524.2
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
502.2,
524.2
1
,4-Dichlorobenzene
502.2,
524.2
1,2-Dichloroethane
502.2,
524.2
cis-Dichloroethylene
502.2,
524.2
trans-Dichloroethylene
502.2,
524.2
Dichloromethane
502.2,
524.2
I ,2-Dichloropropane
502.2,
524.2
Ethylbenzene
502.2,
524.2
Styrene
502.2,
524.2
Tetrachioroethylene
502.2, 524.2, 551
79
1,l,l-Trichloroethane
502.2,
524.2,
551
Trichloroethylene
502.2,
524.2,
551
Toluene
502.2,
524.2
1 ,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
502.2,
524.2
1,1 -Dichloroethylene
502.2,
524.2
1, 1,2-Trichloroethane
502.2,
524.2
Vinyl chloride
502.2,
524.2
Xylenes
(total)
502.2, 524.2
Synthetic Organic Chemical Contaminants (SOCs):
Contaminant
Analytical Methods
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (2,
3,7,8-TCDD
or dioxin)
Dioxin and
Furan Method
1613
2,4-D
515.1,
515.2,
555
2,4,5-TP (Silvex)
515.1,
515.2,
555
Alachlor
505*, 507,
508.1, 525.2
Atrazine
505*, 507, 508.1,
525.2
Benzo(a)pyrene
525.2,
550,
550.1
Carbofuran
531.1,
Standard Methods,
18th
ed.:
Method
6610
Chlordane
505,
508,
508.1, 525.2
Dalapon
515.1, 552.1
Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate
506,
525.2
Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
506,
525.2
Dibromochloropropane (DBCP)
504.1,
551
Dinoseb
515.1,
515.2,
555
Diquat
549.1
Endothall
548.1
80
Endrin
Ethylene Dibromide (EDB)
Glyphosate
Heptachlor
Heptachlor Epoxide
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
Lindane
Methoxychlor
Oxamyl
PCBs
(measured for compliance purposes
as
decchlorobiphenyl)
PCBs
(qualitatively identified
as Araclors)
Pentachlorophenol
Picloram
Simazine
Toxaphene
Total Trihalomethanes (TFHMs):
Contaminant
Total Trihaloinethanes (TTHMs), Trihalomethanes (THMs), and
Maximum
Total
Trihalomethane Potential
State-Only
MCLs (for which a method is
not
listed above):
Contaminant
Aldrin
DDT
505, 508,
508.1,
525.2
504.1,
551
547,
Standard Methods,
18th
ed.:
Method
6651
505,
508,
508.1,
525.2
505,
508, 508.1,
525.2
505,
508, 508.1,
525.2
505,
508, 508.1,
525.2
505,
508, 508.1,
525.2
505,
508,
508.1,
525.2
531.1,
Standard Methods,
18th
ed.:
Method 6610
508A
505,
508
515.1,
515.2,
525.2,
555
515.1, 515.2,
555
505*,
507,
508.1, 525.2
505,
508, 525.2
Analytical Methods
502.2,
524.2,
551
Analytical Methods
505,
508, 508.1, 525.2
505, 508
505,
508, 508.1,
525.2
Dieldrin
8.
*
denotes that
for the particular contaminant, a nitrogen-phosphorus detector should
be substituted for the electron
capture detector
in method
505
(or another approved
method should be used) to determine alachlor, atrazine,
and
simazine if
lower detection limits
are required.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived from 40
CFR
14 1.24(e)
(1994~),as added at
59
Fed.
Rog.
62169
(Dcc.
5,
1991).
(Source:
Amended at
20 Ill.
Reg.
_________,
effective ________________________
Section
611.646
Phase I, Phase II, and Phase V Volatile
Organic Contaminants
Monitoring
of the Phase
1,
Phase II,
and Phase V VOCs
for the purpose of determining
compliance with the MCL
must
be conducted as
follows:
a)
Definitions.
As
used
in this Section:
‘Detect”
and
“detection”
means that the contaminant of interest is present at a level
greater
than
or
equal to the “detection limit”.
‘Detection limit”
means
0.0005 mg/L.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR
141.24(0(7), (0(11),
(f)(14)(i),
and
(0(20)
(1994).
This is a
“trigger level”
for Phase I,
Phase 11,
and Phase V VOCs inasmuch
as
it prompts further
action.
The
use of the term
“detect”
in this section
is not intended to
include
any
analytical capability of
quantifying lower
levels of
any
contaminant, or the
“method detection limit”.
Note, however that certain language at the end of federal
paragraph (0(20) is capable of meaning that the
“method detection limit” is used
to
derive the
“detection
limit”.
The
Board has chosen to disregard that language at the
end of paragraph (0(20) in favor
of the more direct
language of paragraphs (0(7) and
(0(11).
“Method detection limit”, as
used in subsections (q) and
(t)
below means
the
minimum
concentration of a substance that
can
be measured
and
reported with
99
percent
confidence that the analyte concentration is greater than zero
and
is determined from
analysis of a sample in a given matrix containing the analyte.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR
136,
Appendix B
(1994).
The
method
detection limit is determined by the procedure set
forth
in 40 CFR
136,
Appendix B.
See
subsection
(t)
below.
b)
Required sampling.
Each supplier
shall take a minimum of one sample at each sampling
point
at
the times required in subsection (u) below.
c)
Sampling points.
1)
Sampling points for GWSs.
Unless otherwise provided
by
SEP,
a GWS supplier
shall
take at least
one sample
from each of the following points:
each entry point that
is
representative of each well after treatment.
2)
Sampling points for SWSs and mixed systems.
Unless otherwise provided
by
SEP,
a
SWS or
mixed system supplier shall sample
from each of the following points:
82
A)
Each entry point after treatment;
or
B)
Points
in the
distribution
system that
are representative of each source.
3)
The
supplier
shall take each
sample at
the
same sampling point unless
the
Agency
has
granted a SEP that designates
another location
as more representative of each
source,
treatment plant,
or within
the distribution system.
4)
If a system draws
water from
more than one source,
and the sources
are combined
before
distribution,
the supplier shall
sample
at an entry point during periods of normal
operating conditions when water is representative of all
sources being used.
BOARD NOTE:
Subsections (b) and (c)
above derived from 40
CFR 141.24(0(1)
through (0(3) (1994).
d)
Each CWS and NTNCWS supplier
shall take
four consecutive quarterly samples for each of the
Phase
I VOCs,
excluding vinyl chloride, and Phase II VOCs during each
compliance period,
beginning in the compliance period
starting in the initial compliance period.
e)
Reduction to annual monitoring frequency.
If
the
initial monitoring for the Phase I,
Phase II,
and Phase V VOCs as
allowed in subsection (r)( 1)
below has been completed by
December
31,
1992, and the supplier did
not
detect
any of the Phase
I VOCs,
including vinyl chloride, Phase
II,
or
Phase V VOCs,
then the supplier shall take one sample
annually beginning
in the
initial
compliance period.
I)
GWS reduction to
triennial monitoring frequency.
After a minimum of three years of annual
sampling, GWS suppliers that have not
previously detected any of the
Phase I VOCs,
including
vinyl chloride,
Phase II,
or
Phase V VOCs shall take one sample during each three-year
compliance period.
g)
A CWS or
NTNCWS supplier that
has
completed the initial round of monitoring required by
subsection (d)
above
and
which did
not
detect any of
the Phase I VOCs,
including vinyl
chloride, Phase II,
and
Phase V VOCs may apply to the Agency
for a SEP pursuant to Section
611.110 that releases it from the requirements of
subsection
(e)
or
(I) above.
A supplier that
serves fewer
than
3300
service
connections may apply to the Agency
for a SEP pursuant to
Section
611.110 that releases it
from
the
requirements of subsection (d) above
as to
I ,2,4-tri-
chlorobenzene.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.24(0(7)
and
(0(10) (1994),
and
the discussion at
57
Fed.
Reg.
31825 (July
17,
1992).
Provisions concerning
the term
of the waiver appear
below in
subsections
(i)
and
(j)
below.
The
defmition of
“detect”,
parenthetically added to the
federal
counterpart paragraph
is in subsection
(a)
above.
h)
Vulnerability Assessment.
The
Agency
shall
consider the factors
of Section
611.110(e) in
granting a SEP from the requirements of subsections (d), (e),
or
(0
above
sought pursuant to
subsection (g) above.
i)
A SEP issued to a GWS pursuant to subsection
(g) above
is for a maximum of six years, except
that a SEP as to the subsection (d) above monitoring for l,2,4-trichlorobenzene
shall apply only
to the initial round of monitoring.
As a condition of a SEP, except as
to a SEP from
the
initial
round of subsection
(d) above
monitoring for I ,2,4-trichlorobenzene, the supplier shall,
within
83
30
months after
the
beginning of the period for which the
waiver
was issued, reconfirm
its
vulnerability
assessment
required
by
subsection
(h) above and submitted pursuant to subsection
(g) above,
by
taking one sample at each
sampling point and reapplying
for a SEP pursuant to
subsection (g) above.
Based on this application, the
Agency
shall either:
1)
If it
determines that the PWS
meets the standard of Section
611.610(e), issue a SEP that
reconfirms the prior SEP for the remaining three-year compliance period of
the six-year
maximum term; or,
2)
Issue a new SEP requiring the supplier
to sample
annually.
BOARD NOTE:
This provision does not
apply to SWSs and mixed systems.
j)
Special considerations
for SEPs for SWS
and
mixed systems.
1)
The
Agency
must determine that a SWS is not
vulnerable before
issuing a SEP pursuant
to
a SWS supplier.
A SEP
issued to a SWS or
mixed
system supplier pursuant to
subsection (g) above
is for a maximum of one compliance period;
and
2)
The Agency
may require,
as a condition to a SEP
issued to a SWS or
mixed supplier,
that the supplier take such
samples for Phase 1,
Phase II,
and Phase V VOCs at such
a
frequency as
the Agency determines are necessary, based
on the vulnerability
assessment.
BOARD
NOTE:
There is a great degree of similarity between 40 CFR 141.24(0(7),
the
provision applicable
to GWSs,
and
40 CFR
141.24(0(10),
the
provision for SWSs,
The
Board has consolidated the common requirements of both paragraphs
into
subsection (g) above.
Subsection
~)
above
represents the elements unique to SWSs and
mixed systems, and subsection
(i)
above
relates to GWSs.
Although 40
CFR
141.24(0(7)
and (0(10) are silent as
to mixed systems, the Board has included mixed
systems with SWSs because this best
follows the federal scheme for all
other
contaminants.
k)
If one of the Phase I VOCs,
excluding vinyl chloride,
Phase II,
or
Phase V VOCs is detected in
any sample, then:
1)
The supplier
shall monitor quarterly for
that
contaminant at each
sampling
point that
resulted in a detection.
2)
Annual monitoring.
A)
The
Agency shall grant a SEP pursuant to Section 611.110 that allows a
supplier to
reduce
the
monitoring frequency to annual at a sampling point if it
determines that the sampling point is reliably and consistently below the MCL.
B)
A request for a SEP must include the
following minimal information:
i)
For a GWS,
two quarterly
samples.
ii)
For a SWS or
mixed system,
four quarterly samples.
84
C)
In
issuing
a SEP, the
Agency
shall specify the
level of
the contaminant upon
which the
“reliably and consistently”
determination
was based.
All
SEPs that
allow less frequent monitoring based
on an
Agency
“reliably and consistently”
determination shall include a condition requiring the supplier
to resume
quarterly monitoring pursuant to subsection (k)(1) above if it violates
the MCL
specified by
Section
611.311.
3)
Suppliers that monitor
annually shall monitor
during the quarter(s) that previously
yielded the highest analytical result.
4)
Suppliers that
do
not
detect
a
contaminant at a sampling point
in
three
consecutive
annual
samples may apply to the
Agency for a SEP pursuant to Section
611.110 that
allows it
to discontinue monitoring for that contaminant at that point, as
specified in
subsection (g) above.
5)
A GWS supplier
that
has detected one or
more of
the two-carbon contaminants listed in
subsection (k)(5)(A) below shall monitor quarterly for vinyl chloride as
described in
subsection (k)(5)(B) below, subject to the limitation of subsection (k)(5)(C) below.
A)
Two-carbon contaminants (Phase
I or
11
VOC):
I ,2-Dichloroethane
(Phase
I)
1,1-Dichloroethylene
(Phase
I)
cis- 1 ,2-Dichloroethylene (Phase II)
trans-i,2-Dichloroethylene
(Phase II)
Tetrachloroethylene (Phase
II)
I ,1,1 -Trichloroethylene (Phase
I)
Trichloroethylene (Phase
I)
B)
The
supplier
shall sample
quarterly for vinyl
chloride at each
sampling point at
which it detected one or
more of the two-carbon contaminants listed in
subsection (k)(5)(A) above.
C)
The
Agency shall grant a SEP pursuant to Section
611.110 that allows the
supplier
to reduce
the monitoring frequency for vinyl chloride at
any
sampling
point to once in each three-year compliance period if it determines that the
supplier has not
detected vinyl chloride in th~.firstsample
required
by
subsection (k)(5)(B)
above.
1)
Quarterly
monitoring following MCL violations.
1)
Suppliers that violate an MCL for one of
the Phase I
VOCs,
including
vinyl chloride,
Phase II, or
Phase V VOCs,
as
determined
by
subsection (o) below, shall
monitor
quarterly for that contaminant,
at the sampling point where
the violation occurred,
beginning
the next quarter after
the violation.
2)
Annual monitoring.
A)
The Agency
shall grant a SEP pursuant to Section
611.110 that allows a
supplier to reduce the monitoring frequency to annually if it
determines that the
sampling point is reliably and consistently below
the
MCL.
85
B)
A request
for a SEP must
include
the following minimal
information:
four
quarterly
samples.
C)
In issuing
a SEP, the Agency
shall specify
the level
of the contaminant upon
which the
‘reliably and consistently”
determination was
based.
All
SEPs
that
allow less frequent
monitoring based
on
an Agency
“reliably and consistently”
determination shall include a condition requiring the
supplier to resume
quarterly monitoring pursuant to subsection
(l)(1)
above if it
violates the MCL
specified by Section 611.311.
D)
The supplier shall monitor during the quarter(s) that previously yielded the
highest analytical result.
m)
Confirmation samples.
The
Agency may issue a SEP pursuant to Section
610.110 to require a
supplier
to use a confirmation sample for results that
it finds dubious
for whatever reason.
The
Agency
must
state
its reasons
for issuing
the
SEP if the
SEP
is Agency-initiated.
1)
If a supplier detects any of the Phase I, Phase
II,
or
Phase V VOCs in a sample, the
supplier
shall take
a confirmation sample
as soon as possible,
but
no
later than
14
days
after
the supplier receives
notice of the detection.
2)
Averaging
is
as specified in subsection (o)
below.
3)
The
Agency
shall delete the original or
confirmation sample
if it determines that a
sampling error occurred,
in which case the confirmation sample
will
replace the
original
or confirmation sample.
n)
This subsection corresponds
with 40
CFR
141.24(0(14), an optional U.S.
EPA provision
relating to compositing of samples
that U.S. EPA does
not require for state programs.
This
statement maintains structural consistency with U.S. EPA rules.
o)
Compliance with the
MCLs for the Phase I,
Phase II,
and
Phase V
VOCs must
be determined
based on
the analytical results obtained ateach
sampling point.
I)
For suppliers
that
conduct monitoring at a frequency greater than annual,
compliance is
determined by a running
annual average of all
samples taken at each sampling point.
A)
If the annual average
of any sampling point
is greater
than the MCL,
then the
supplier
is out of
compliance.
B)
If the initial
sample
or a subsequent sample
would cause the annual average
to
exceed the MCL, then the supplier
is out of compliance
immediately.
C)
Any
samples below the detection limit shall
be deemed
as zero for purposes of
determining
the annual
average.
2)
If monitoring is conducted
annually, or
less frequently, the supplier
is out of
compliance
if the level of a contaminant at any sampling point is greater than the MCL.
If a confirmation sample
is taken,
the determination of compliance is based on
the
average of two samples.
86
3)
When the portion of
the distribution system that is out of compliance
is separable from
other parts
of the distribution system and has no
interconnections, the supplier may
issue the public notice required by
Subpart
T of
this
Part
only to persons served
by
that
portion of the distribution
system that
is not
in compliance.
p)
This provision corresponds with 40CFR 141.24(0(16)
(1994),
which U.S.
EPA removed and
reserved
at 59
Fed.
Reg.
62468 (Dec.
5,
1994).
This statement maintains structural consistency
with the federal
regulations.
q)
Analysis under this Section
must only
be conducted by
laboratories that have
received
certification by
U.S.
EPA or
the Agency
according to
the following conditions:
1)
To
receive certification
to conduct analyses
for the Phase I VOCs,
excluding vinyl
chloride,
Phase II VOCs,
and
Phase V VOCs,
the laboratory must:
A)
Analyze performance evaluation samples that include
these substances
provided
by
the Agency pursuant to
35
III.
Adm. Code
183.125(c);
B)
Achieve
the quantitative acceptance limits
under
subsections (q)(1)(C) and
(q)(1)(D) below for at least
80
percent of the Phase I VOCs,
excluding vinyl
chloride,
Phase II VOCs, except vinyl chloride, or
Phase V VOCs;
C)
Achieve
quantitative results on the analyses performed under
subsection
(q)( 1)(A) above that
are
within ±20 percent of the
actual
amount of the
substances
in the performance evaluation sample when the
actual
amount
is
greater than or
equal to 0.010 mg/L;
D)
Achieve
quantitative results on the analyses performed under
subsection
(q)( 1)(A) above that
are
within ±40 percent of the actual amount
of
the
substances
in the
performance evaluation sample when the actual
amount
is
less than 0.010 mg/L; and
E)
Achieve
a method
detection limit of
0.0005 mg/L,
according to the procedures
in 40 CFR
136,
appendix B,
incorporated by
reference in Section
611.102.
2)
To receive certification
to conduct analyses
for vinyl chloride
the laboratory
must:
A)
Analyze performance evaluation samples
provided by
the
Agency pursuant to
35
Ill.
Adm. Code
183. 125(c);
B)
Achieve quantitative results on
the analyses performed under subsection
(q)(2)(A) above
that are within ±40 percent of the
actual amount of vinyl
chloride
in the performance evaluation sample;
C)
Achieve a method detection limit of 0.0005 mg/L,
according to the procedures
in 40 CFR
136,
appendix B,
incorporated by reference in Section 611.102;
and
D)
Obtain certification
pursuant to subsection
(q)(1) above for Phase I
VOCs,
excluding vinyl chloride,
Phase II
VOCs,
and
Phase V VOCs.
87
r)
Use of existing data.
I)
The
Agency shall allow the
use
of data collected after January
1, 1988 but prior to the
effective date of this Section, pursuant to Agency sample request letters, if it determines
that the data are generally consistent with the requirements of this Section.
2)
The Agency
shall grant a SEP pursuant to Section
611.110 that allows a supplier
to
monitor annually beginning
in the initial compliance period if it determines that the
supplier did
not
detect
any Phase I,
Phase
II,
or Phase V VOC
using existing
data
allowed pursuant to subsection (r)(I) above.
s)
The
Agency
shall, by
SEP, increase the number of sampling points or
the frequency of
monitoring if it
determines that
it
is necessary to detect variations within
the PWS.
t)
Each laboratory certified for the analysis of
Phase I,
Phase II,
or
Phase V VOCs pursuant
to
subsection (q)(I) or
(q)(2) above
shall:
1)
Determine the
method
detection limit (MDL), as defmed in 40 CFR
136,
Appendix
B,
incorporated by
reference in Section
611.102, at which it
is capable of detecting the
Phase
I, Phase II,
and Phase V VOCs;
and,
2)
Achieve an
MDL for each
Phase I,
Phase
II,
and Phase V VOC
that is
less than or
equal to 0.0005 mg/L.
u)
Each supplier
shall monitor, within
each compliance period, at the time designated by
the
Agency
by SEP pursuant to Section 611.110.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR
14 1.24(0
(1994).
(Source:
Amended at 20
III.
Reg.
________,
effective
_______________________)
Section
611.648
Phase II,
Phase
IIB,
and
Phase V Synthetic Organic Contaminants
Analysis of
the
Phase II,
Phase
LIB, and Phase V SOCs for the purposes of determining compliance with the MCL
must
be conducted
as
follows:
a)
Definitions.
As
used
in this Section:
“Detect or
detection” means that the contaminant of interest
is present at a level greater
than or equal to the “detection limit”.
“Detection
limit” means
the level
of the contaminant of interest that is specified in
subsection (r) below.
BOARD NOTE:
This is a “trigger
level”
for Phase II,
Phase IIB,
and
Phase V SOCs
inasmuch as
it prompts further action.
The use of the term
“detect”
or
‘detection” in
this section
is not
intended to include any analytical capability of quantifying lower
levels of
any
contaminant,
or the “method detection limit”.
b)
Required sampling.
Each supplier shall take a minimum of one sample at each
sampling point at
the times
required in subsection (q) below.
88
BOARD NOTE:
U-S~-EPA
stayed
the
effective
date
of the MCLs
for aldicarb,
aldicarb
sulfone,
and
aldicarb sulfoxide
at 57
Fed. Reg. 22178
(May 27,
1991).
Section 611.311(c)
includes
this stay.
However,
despite
the stay of the effectiveness
of the MCLs
for these three
SOCs, suppliers must
monitor for them.
c)
Sampling
points.
1)
Sampling points for GWSs.
Unless otherwise provided by
SEP, a GWS supplier
shall
take
at least one sample from
each of the following points:
each entry point that is
representative of each well after
treatment.
2)
Sampling points for
SWSs
and
mixed systems.
Unless otherwise provided by
SEP, a
SWS or
mixed system supplier shall sample
from each of the following points:
A)
Each entry point
after treatment; or
B)
Points
in the distribution system
that are representative of each source.
3)
The
supplier shall
take each
sample
at the same
sampling point unless the
Agency
has
granted a SEP that designates another location
as
more representative of each
source,
treatment plant, or
within
the distribution system.
4)
If a system draws water from more than one source,
and
the sources are combined
before
distribution,
the
supplier
shall sample at an entry point during periods of normal
operating conditions when water is representative of all sources being used.
BOARD NOTE:
Subsections
(b) and (c) above derived from 40 CFR
141.24(h)(1)
through
(h)(3) (1994k).
d)
Monitoring
frequency:
1)
Each CWS
and
NTNCWS
supplier shall
take four consecutive quarterly samples for
each of the Phase II,
Phase IIB,
and
Phase V
SOCs during each
compliance period,
beginning
in the three-year compliance period
starting
in the
initial
compliance period.
2)
Suppliers serving more than
3,300
persons that
do not detect acontaminant in the initial
compliance period,
shall take a
minimum
of two
quarterly samples
in one year of each
subsequent three-year
compliance period.
3)
Suppliers serving less thanor equal to
3,300
persons that
do
not
detect a contaminant in
the
initial
compliance period, shall take a minimum of one sample
during each
subsequent three-year compliance period.
e)
Reduction to
annual
monitoring frequency.
A CWS or
NTNCWS supplier may apply to the
Agency
for aSEP that releases it from the requirements of
subsection
(d) above.
A SEP from
the requirement
of subsection
(d) above
shall last for only a single three-year compliance period.
I)
Vulnerability Assessment.
The
Agency shall grant a SEP from the requirements of subsection
(d) above based on
consideration of the factors set forth at Section 611.110(e).
89
g)
If one of the Phase
II,
Phase IIB, or
Phase V SOCs is detected in any sample,
then:
1)
The
supplier
shall monitor quarterly for
the contaminant at each
sampling point that
resulted in a detection.
2)
Annual monitoring.
A)
A supplier may
request that
the
Agency grant a SEP pursuant to Section
610.110 that reduces the monitoring frequency to annual.
B)
A request for aSEP must include the following minimal information:
i)
For a GWS,
two quarterly
samples.
ii)
For a SWS or mixed system, four quarterly samples.
C)
The Agency shall grant a SEP that allows
annual
monitoring at a sampling
point if it
determines that the sampling point is reliably and consistently below
the MCL.
D)
In issuing the
SEP,
the Agency
shall specify the level
of the contaminant upon
which the “reliably and consistently”
determination was based
All
SEPs that
allow less frequent monitoring based on an Agency
“reliably and consistently”
determination
shall include a condition requiring the supplier to resume
quarterly monitoring pursuant to subsection (g)( 1) above if it
detects
any
Phase
II SOC.
3)
Suppliers that
monitor annually shall
monitor during the quarter(s) that previously
yielded the highest analytical result.
4)
Suppliers
that have three consecutive annual
samples with no
detection of a contaminant
at a sampling point may apply to the Agency
for a SEP with respect
to that point,
as
specified in subsections (e) and
(0
above.
5)
Monitoring for related contaminants.
A)
If monitoring results in detection of
one
or
more of the related contaminants
listed in subsection
(g)(5)(B) below, subsequent monitoring shall analyze
for
all the related compounds in the respective group.
B)
Related contaminants:
i)
first group:
aldicarb
aldicarb sulfone
aldicarb sulfoxide
ii)
second group:
heptachlor
90
heptachior
epoxide.
h)
Quarterly monitoring following MCL violations.
1)
Suppliers that violate an MCL for one of the Phase 11,
Phase IIB,
or
Phase V SOCs,
as
determined
by
subsection (k) below, shall
monitor quarterly
for that contaminant at
the
sampling point where the violation occurred, beginning the next quarter
after the
violation.
2)
Annual
monitoring.
A)
A supplier may request that the Agency
grant a SEP pursuant to Section
611.110 that reduces the monitoring frequency to annual.
B)
A request for a SEP must include, at a minimum,
the results from four
quarterly samples.
C)
The
Agency shall grant a SEP
that
allows
annual monitoring at a sampling
point if it determines that the sampling point
is reliably
and
consistently below
the MCL.
D)
In
issuing the SEP,
the
Agency shall specify the level of the contaminant upon
which the “reliably
and
consistently” determination
was
based
All SEPs
that
allow less frequent
monitoring based on
an Agency
“reliably and consistently”
determination
shall include
a condition requiring the supplier to resume
quarterly monitoring pursuant to subsection
(h)(1) above if it detects
any Phase
II SOC.
E)
The supplier shall monitor during the quarter(s) that previously yielded the
highest analytical result.
i)
Confirmation samples.
1)
If any of the Phase II,
Phase IIB,
or
Phase V SOCs are detected in a sample, the
supplier shall take
a confirmation sample
as
soon as
possible, but no
later than 14
days
after
the supplier receives notice of
the detection.
2)
Averaging is
as specified in subsection (k) below.
3)
The
Agency
shall delete
the
original
or confirmation
sample if it determines that a
sampling error occurred,
in which case the confirmation sample
will
replace the
original
or confirmation sample.
j)
This subsection corresponds
with 40
CFR
l41.24(h)(10), an optional U~S-EPA
provision
relating to compositing of samples that
U7S—EPA
does not
require for state programs.
This
statement maintains structural consistency with USr-EPA
rules.
k)
Compliance with the MCLs for the Phase II,
Phase IIB,
and
Phase V SOCs shall be determined
based on
the analytical results obtained at each
sampling point.
91
1)
For suppliers that are conducting monitoring at a frequency greater
than annual,
compliance
is determined by
a running
annual average
of all
samples
taken
at each
sampling point.
A)
If the
annual
average
of
any
sampling point is greater than the MCL, then the
supplier is out of compliance.
B)
If the
initial sample
or a subsequent sample would cause the
annual
average
to
be exceeded, then the supplier
is
out
of compliance immediately.
C)
Any
samples below
the detection limit must be calculated as zero for purposes
of determining the annual average.
2)
If monitoring is conducted annually or
less frequently,
the supplier is
out of compliance
if the level
of a contaminant at
any
sampling point is greater thanthe MCL.
If a
confirmation sample
is taken,
the determination of compliance is based on the average
of two samples.
3)
When
the
portion of the distribution system that is out of compliance is separable from
other parts
of
the distribution system and has no
interconnections,
the supplier may
issue
the public notice required by
Subpart T of this Part only
to persons served by
that
portion of the distribution system that is not
in compliance.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40
CFR 141.24(h)(1 1) (1994~).
1)
This provision corresponds with
40
CFR
141.24(h)(12) (1994~),which U-S~-EPAremoved
and
reserved at 59
Fed.
Reg. 62468 (Dec.
5,
1994).
This statement
maintains structural consistency
with the federal
regulations.
m)
Analysis for PCBs
must be conducted
as follows
using
the methods in
Section
611.645:
I)
Each supplier that monitors for PCBs
shall analyze each
sample
using either U~S~r-EPA
Organic
Methods,
Method
505
or
Method
508.
2)
If
PCBs
are detected in any sample
analyzed
using th.S.r-EPA Organic
Methods,
Methods
505
or
508,
the supplier shall reanalyze
the sample using Method
508A to
quantitate
the
individual Aroclors (as decachiorobiphenyl).
3)
Compliance with the PCB MCL must be determined based
upon
the quantitative results
of analyses using U.S~-EPA
Organic Methods,
Method
508A.
n)
Use of existing data.
1)
The
Agency shall allow
the
use of data collected
after January
1,
1990
but prior
to the
effective date
of this Section,
pursuant to
Agency sample
request letters,
if it
determines
that the data are generally consistent
with the requirements of this
Section.
2)
The
Agency shall grant a SEP pursuant to Section
611.110 that allows a supplier
to
monitor annually beginning in the initial compliance period if it
determines that
the
supplier did
not
detect
any
Phase
I VOC
or
Phase II VOC
using existing data allowed
pursuant to subsection (n)(1) above.
92
o)
The
Agency
shall issue
a SEP that
increases the number of sampling points
or the frequency
of
monitoring if it determines that this is necessary to detect
variations within
the PWS due to such
factors as
fluctuations in contaminant concentration due to seasonal use or changes
in the water
source.
BOARD NOTE:
At
40 CFR
141 .24(h)( 15),
U-S.~.-EPAuses the stated factors as
non-limiting
examples of circumstances that make additional
monitoring necessary.
p)
This
subsection corresponds with 40 CFR
141 .24(h)( 16),
a U~S—EPAprovision that the Board
has not adopted because it
reserves
enforcement authority to
the
state
and
would serve
no
useful
function as part of the state’s
rules.
This statement
maintains structural consistency
with
~
EPA rules.
q)
Each supplier
shall monitor,
within
each compliance period,
at the time designated
by
the
Agency
by
SEP pursuant to Section
611.110.
r)
“Detection”
means
greater than or
equal to the following concentrations for each contaminant:
I)
for PCBs
(Aroclors):
Aroclor
Detection Limit (mg/L)
1016
0.00008
1221
0.02
1232
0.0005
1242
0.0003
1248
0.0001
1254
0.0001
1260
0.0002
2)
for other Phase II,
Phase fiB,
and Phase V SOCs:
Detection Limit
(mg/L)
Contaminant
Alachlor
0.0002
Aldicarb
0.0005
Aldicarb sulfoxide
0.0005
Aldicarb sulfone
0.0008
Atrazine
0.0001
Benzo(a)pyrene
0.00002
Carbofuran
0.0009
Chlordane
0.0002
2,4-D
0.0001
Dalapon
0.001
j~Dibromo-3-chloropropane(DBCP)
0.00002
Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate
0.0006
Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
0.0006
Dinoseb
0.0002
Diquat
0.0004
93
Endothall
0.009
Endrin
0.00001
Ethylene
dibromide
(EDB)
0.00001
Glyphosate
0.006
Heptachlor
0.00004
Heptachlor epoxide
0.00002
Hexachlorobenzene
0.0001
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
0.0001
Lindane
0.00002
Methoxychlor
0.0001
Oxamyl
0.002
Picloram
0.0001
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) (as
0.0001
decachlorobiphenyl)
Pentachlorophenol
0.00004
Simazine
0.00007
Toxaphene
0.001
2,3,7,8-TCDD (dioxin)
0.000000005
2,4,5-TP (Silvex)
0.0002
s)
Laboratory Certification.
1)
Analyses under
this Section
must
only be conducted by
laboratories that have received
approval
by
U~S.—EPA
or
the Agency according to the following conditions.
2)
To receive certification
to conduct analyses
for the Phase II,
Phase IIB,
and
Phase V
SOCs the laboratory must:
A)
Analyze performance evaluation samples provided by the Agency pursuant to
35
III.
Adm. Code 183.125(c) that include these substances;
and
B)
Achieve quantitative results
on the analyses performed under
subsection
(s)(2)(A) above that are within
the acceptance limits
set forth in subsection
(s)(2)(C) abovcbelow.
C)
Acceptance
limits:
SOC
Acceptance Limits
Alachlor
±45
Aldicarb
2 standard deviations
Aldicarb sulfone
2 standard deviations
Aldicarb sulfoxide
2 standard deviations
Atrazine
±45
Benzo(a)pyrene
2 standard deviations
Carbofuran
±45
Chlordane
±45
Dalapon
2
standard deviations
Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate
2 standard deviations
Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
94
2 standard deviations
Dinoseb
2 standard deviations
Diquat
2 standard deviations
Endothall
2 standard deviations
Endrin
±30
Glyphosate
2 standard deviations
Dibromochloropropane
(DBCP)
±
40
Ethylene dibromide
(EDB)
±40
Heptachlor
±
45
Heptachlor epoxide
±45
Hexachlorobenzene
2 standard deviations
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
2 standard deviations
Lindane
±45
Methoxychlor
±45
Oxamyl
2 standard deviations
PCBs
(as Decachlorobiphenyl)
0-200
Pentachlorophenol
±50
Picloram
2 standard deviations
Simazine
2
standard deviations
Toxaphene
±45
2,4-D
±50
2,3,7,8-TCDD (dioxin)
2 standard deviations
2,4,5-TP (Silvex)
±50
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40
CFR 141.24(h) (19945-as
amended at
59
Fed.
Reg.
62168 (Dec.
5,
1994).
(Source:
Amended
at 20
Ill. Reg.
________,
effective
_______________________
SUBPART
P:
THM MONITORING
AND ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS
Section
611.683
Reduced Monitoring
Frequency
a)
A CWS supplier
utilizing
only groundwater sources may, by
special exception permit
application,
seek to have
the monitoring frequency required by
Section 611 .6840(b)(1) reduced
to a minimum of
one sample
for maximum TTHM
potential per year for each treatment plant
used
by the
supplier, taken at a point in the distribution system reflecting maximum residence
time of the
water in the system.
1)
The CWS
supplier shall submit to the Agency
the
recult~
of at least one sample
analyzed for
maximum
T1’HM potential using the procedure specified in Section
611.687.
A sample
must be
analyzed
fefftQrn
each treatment plant used by
the
supplier, taken at a point in the distribution system
reflecting the maximum residence
time of the water in the system.
2)
The
Agency
shall reduce the supplier’s monitoring frequency if it
determines that,
based upon the data submitted by
the
supplier,
the supplier
has a maximum TTHM
potential of less
than
0.10
mg/L and that,
based upon an assessment of
the local
95
conditions
of the CWS,
the CWS is not
likely
to approach
or
exceed
the MCL for
TTHMs.
3)
The
results of all
analyses
must be reported to the
Agency within
30
days of the
supplier’s receipt of such results.
4)
All
samples collected must
be used for determining whether
the
supplier complies with
the
monitoring requirements of Section
611.68-1.0(b),
unless the analytical results are
invalidated for technical
reasons.
5)
Sampling
and analyses must
be conducted in accordance with
the
methods listed in
Section
611.685.
b)
Loss or
modification of reduced monitoring frequency.
1)
If the results from
any analysis taken by
the supplier for maximum TTHM potential are
equal to or greater than 0.10 mg/L,
and
such results
are
confirmed by at least
one
check sample
taken promptly after such
results
are
received, the CWS supplier shall
immediately
begin monitoring in accordance with the requirements of Section
611.6840(b), and
such monitoring must continue for at least
one year before
the
frequency may be reduced again.
2)
In the event of any significant change to the CWS‘s raw water or
treatment program,
the supplier shall
immediately
analyze an additional
sample for maximum TTIIM
potential taken at a point in the distribution system reflecting maximum residence time
of the water in the
system.
3)
The
Agency
shall require
increased monitoring frequencies above
the minimum where
necessary
to detect variation of TTHM levels within
the distribution system.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.30
(c)
(l989~.4.).
(Source:
Amended at
20
Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
_______________________
Section
611.684
Averaging
Compliance with
Section 611.310(c) is determined based
on a running
annual average of quarterly samples
collected by
the supplier
as prescribed in Section
611 .684Q(b)(1)
or
(2).
If the average of samples covering
any
12
month
period
exceeds
the MCL,
the
CWS supplier shall
report to the Agency
and
notify
the public pursuant to
Subpart
T.
Monitoring
after public notification must be at a frequency designated
by
the Agency
and must
continue until a monitoring
schedule as a condition to a variance,
adjusted standard
or enforcement action
becomes
effective.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.30(d) (198~4).
(Source:
Amended at 20
Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
_______________________
Section 611.685
Analytical Methods
Sampling and analyses
made pursuant to this Subpart
must
be conducted by
one of the total trihalomethanes
(TTHM) methods
as directed in Section
611.645
and
in U.S~—EPA
Technical Notes, incorporated by reference in
96
Section 611.102.
For the methods
cited
in sub5ections (a)
and (b)
above,
see 10
CFR l’tl,
subpart C,
appendix
C,
incorporated
by
reference in Section 611.102.
Samples for TTHM
must be dechlorinated upon
collection to
prevent further production of Trihalomethanes, according to the procedures described
in the methods,
except
acidification is not
required if only THMs or TTHMs are
to be determined.
Samples for maximum TTHM
potential must not be dechlorinated or
acidified,
and should be held for seven
days at 25°C
(or above) prior
to
analysis.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40
CFR
141.30(e) (l9945J,
an amended at 59 Fed.
Reg. 62469
(Dcc.
5,
1994).
(Source:
Amended
at 20
Ill. Reg.
________,
effective
_______________________
Section
611.687
Sampling for Maximum TI-IM
Potential
The
water sample for determination of maximum total trihalomethane potential
must
be taken
from a point
in the distribution system that reflects maximum residence time.
Procedures for
sample collection and handling are given in the methods.
The
supplier taking samples shall not
add reducing agent to
“quench” the chemical reaction
producing THMs at the time of sample
collection.
The intent
is to
nermit
the level of THM
precursors to be depleted and the concentration of THMs
to be maximized for the supply being
tested.
Four experimental parameters affecting maximum THM
production are nH, temperature,
reaction time, and the presence of a disinfectant residual.
The
supplier
taking
the sample
shall
deal with these
Parameters as follows:
Measure the disinfectant residual at the selected sampling point.
Proceed only it a
measurable
disinfectant residual is present.
Collect triplicate 40 mL water
samples
at the
~Hprevailing at the time of sampling,
and
prepare a method blank according to the methods.
Seal
and
store
these samples together
for seven
days at 25°C
or
above.
After this
time period,
open
one
of the sample containers
and check for disinfectant
residual.
Absence of a disinfectant residual invalidates the sample
for
further
analysis.
Once a disinfectant residual has been demonstrated,
open
another of the sealed samples
and
determine total THM concentration using an av~roved
analytical method.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.30(g)
(1995).
(Source:
Added at 20
Ill. Reg.
_________,
effective
_________________________
SUBPART
Q:
RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS
Section
611.720
Analytical Methods
97
a)
The methods specified
below,
incorporated
by
reference in Section
611.102,
are
to be used
to
determine compliance with Sections
611.330
and
611.331,
except in cases
where alternative
methods have been approved in accordance with Section
611.480.
1)
Radiochemical Methods;
2)
Standard Methods,
13th Edition:
A)
Gross Alpha
and
Beta:
Method
302;
B)
Total
Radium:
Method
304;
C)
Radium-226:
Method 305;
D)
Strontium-89,90:
Method 303;
E)
Tritium:
Method
306.
3)
ASTM
Methods:
A)
Cesium-134:
ASTM D-2459;
B)
Uranium:
ASTM D-2907.
b)
When the
identification and measurement of radionuclides other than those
listed in subsection
(a) isg~
required,
the following methods,
incorporated by
reference in Section
611.102,
are to
be
used,
except in cases where alternative methods have been approved in accordance with
Section 611.480:
1)
“Procedures for Radiochemical Analysis of Nuclear Reactor Aqueous
Solutions”,
available from NTIS.
2)
HASL
Procedure Manual,
HASL
300.
c)
For the purpose of monitoring radioactivity concentrations
in drinking water,
the required
sensitivity
of
the radioanalysis
is defined in terms of a detection limit.
The detection limit must
be that concentration which
can
be counted with a precision of plus
or
minus
100
percent at
the
95
percent confidence level (1.96 sigma where
sigma is the standard deviation of
the
net
counting rate of the sample).
1)
To determine compliance with Section
611.330(a) the detection limit must
not
exceed
1
pCi/L.
To determine compliance
with Section 611.330(b) the
detection limit must not
exceed 3
pCi/L.
2)
To determine compliance with Section
611.331 the detection limits
must not
exceed
the
concentrations listed in that Section.
d)
To judge compliance with
the
MCLs
listed in Sections 611.330
and
611.331,
averages of data
must be used
and
must
be rounded to the same number of significant figures
as
the MCL for the
substance in question.
98
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from 40
CFR 141.25 (1989~).
(Source:
Amended at
20
Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
_______________________)
Section
611.731
Gross Alpha
Monitoring requirements for gross alpha particle activity, radium-226
and
radium-228
are
as
follows:
a)
Compliance must
be based on
the analysis of an annual composite
of
four consecutive quarterly
samples
or
the
average
of the analyses of four samples
obtained at
quarterly intervals.
1)
A
gross alpha particle activity
measurement may be substituted
for the required radium-
226
and
radium-228 analysist~provided; that; the measured gross
alpha particle activity
does
not
exceed
5 pCi/L at a confidence level of 95
percent (1.65 sigma
where sigma is
the standard deviation of the net counting rate of
the sample).
In localities where
radium-228 may be present in drinking water,
the Agency
may, by special
exception
permit, require radium-226 or
radium-228 analyses if it determines that the gross
alpha
particle activity
exceeds
2 pCi/L.
2)
When
the gross alpha particle activity
exceeds 5 pCi/L, the same or
an equivalent
sample
must be
analyzed for radium-226.
If the concentration of radium-226 exceeds
3
pCi/L the same or
an equivalent sample must be analyzed for
radium-228.
b)
See Section
611.100(e).
c)
CWS suppliers shall monitor
at least
once every four years
following the procedure required by
subsection (a).
When
an
annual record
taken in conformance with subsection (a)
has
established
that the
average annual concentration is
less
than half
the MCLs established by
Section
611.330,
the Agency shall,
by
special exception
permit,
substitute
analysis of a single sample for the
quarterly sampling procedure required by
subsection (a).
1)
The Agency
shall, by special exception permit, require
more frequent monitoring in the
vicinity of mining
or other operations which may contribute alpha particle radioactivity
to either surface or
groundwater sources of drinking water.
2)
A CWS supplier shall monitor in conformance with subsection
(a) for one year after the
introduction of a new
water source.
The
Agency shall,
by
special exception permit,
require more frequent monitoring in the event of possible contamination or
when
changes
in the distribution system or treatment processing occur which may increase
the
concentration of
radioactivity in fmished water.
3)
The
Agency
shall, by
special exception permit,
require a CWS supplier using two or
more sources having different concentrations
of
radioactivity to monitor source water,
in addition to water from a free-flowing tap.
4)
The Agency
shall not
require monitoring for radium-228
to determine compliance
with
Section 611.330 after
the initial period~~
provided; that the average
annual concentration
of radium-228 has been assayed at least once using
the
quarterly sampling procedure
required by
subsection (a).
99
5)
The Agency
shall require
the CWS supplier
to conduct annual
monitoring if the radium-
226 concentration exceeds
3 pCi/L.
d)
If the average
annual MCL for gross
alpha particle
activity
or total radium
as set
forth in Section
611.330 is exceeded, the CWS supplier shall give notice to the Agency
and notify
the public as
required by
Subpart T.
Monitoring at quarterly intervals must be continued until
the
annual
average
concentration no longer
exceeds the MCL or until a monitoring schedule as a condition
to a variance,
adjusted standard or enforcement action becomes effective.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40
CFR
141.26(a)
(l989~).
(Source:
Amended at 20
Ill. Reg.
________,
effective
_______________________
Section
611.732
Manmade
Radioactivity
Monitoring
requirements for manmade
radioactivity
in
CWSs
are
as
follows:
a)
CWSs
using surface water sources
and
serving more than
100,000
persons and such
other CWSs
as
the Agency, by
special exception permit,
requires
must monitor for compliance with Section
611.331 by analysis
of a composite
of
four
consecutive
quarterly
samples
or analysis
of four
quarterly samples.
Compliance
with Section
611.331
is assumed without further analysis if the
average annual concentration of gross
beta particle activity
is less
than
50
pCifL and if the
average annual concentrations of tritium
and
strontium-90 are
less
than
those listed in Section
611.33
‘t~
provided; that if both radionuclides
are present the sum of their annual do~e&
equivalents to bone marrow
must not exceed 4 millirern/year.
1)
If the gross beta particle activity exceeds 50
pCi/L,
an analysis of the sample
must be
performed to identify the major radioactive constituents present
and
the appropriate
organ
and
total
body
doses must be calculated to
determine
compliance with Section
611.331.
2)
If the MCLs
are
exceeded,
the Agency
shall,
by
special exception permit, require
the
supplier to conduct additional
monitoring to determine the concentration of man-made
radioactivity
in
principal
watersheds.
3)
The
Agency
shall, pursuant to subsection (d),
by special exception permit, require
suppliers of water utilizing only groundwater to monitor for man-made
radioactivity.
b)
See
Section
611.100(e).
c)
CWS suppliers shall monitor at least
every four years following the procedure in subsection (a).
d)
The Agency shall, by special
exception
permit,
require
any CWS supplier utilizing waters
contaminated by effluents from nuclear facilities to initiate quarterly monitoring for gross beta
particle and iodine-131
radioactivity and annual
monitoring for strontium-90 and tritium.
1)
Quarterly monitoring for gross beta particle activity
must be based on the
analysis
of
monthly samples or the
analysis
of a composite of three monthly samples.
If the
gross
beta particle activity
in a sample exceeds
15 pCi/L, the
same
or an equivalent sample
must be analyzed for strontium-89 and cesium-134.
If the gross beta particle activity
exceeds 50 pCi/L,
an analysis of the
sample
must be performed to identify
the
major
100
radioactive constitutents present
and
the
appropriate
organ and total
body doses must
be
calculated to determine compliance with Section
611.331.
2)
For iodine- 131,
a composite of five consecutive
daily
samples
must be analyzed once
each quarter.
The
Agency shall,
by
special
exception permit, require
more frequent
monitoring when iodine- 131
is identified in the
finished water.
3)
The Agency
shall,
by
special exception permit,
require annual
monitoring for
strontium-90 and tritium by
means of the
analysis
of a composite of four consecutive
quarterly
samples or analysis
of four quarterly
samples.
4)
The Agency
shall, by
special exception permit,
allow the
substitution of environmental
surveillance data taken in conjunction
with a nuclear
facility for direct monitoring
of
manmade
radioactivity
by
the
supplier where the Agency determines such data is
applicable to the
CWS.
e)
If the
average
annual MCL for man-made radioactivity set
forth in Section
611.331
is exceeded,
the CWS
supplier
shall give
notice to the
Agency
and to the
public
as required by
Subpart
T.
Monitoring
at
monthly
intervals must be continued
until the concentration no longer exceeds the
MCL or until a monitoring schedule as a condition to a variance, adjusted standard or
enforcement action becomes effective.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from 40
CFR
141.26(b) (198~).
(Source:
Amended
at 20
Ill. Reg.
________,
effective
_______________________
SUBPART T:
REPORTING,
PUBLIC NOTIFICATION AND RECORDKEEPING
Section 611.831
Monthly Operating Report
Within 30
days following the
last day of the
month,
each CWS supplier shall submit
a monthly
operating report to
the Agency; on
forms provided or approved
by
the
Agency.
BOARD
NOTE:
This is an additional
State requirement.
(Source:
Amended at
20 Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
______________________
Section
611.840
Reporting
a)
Except where a shorter period is specified in this Part,
a supplier
shall report to the
Agency
the
results of any test measurement or analysis required by this Part within the following times,
whichever is shortest:
1)
The first ten
days following the month in which the
result
is received;
or
2)
The first
ten days following the
end of the required monitoring period,
as specified by
special exception permit.
b)
Except where a different reporting
period is specified in this Part, the supplier
shall report to the
Agency within
48 hours~-The~yfailure
to comply
with any provision (including failure
to
comply
with monitoring requirements) inoj this Part.
101
c)
The
supplier
is
not
required to report
analytical results to the Agency
in cases where an
Agency
laboratory performs
the
analysis.
d)
The supplier, within ten days of completion of each public notification required pursuant to
Section
611.85
1 et seq., shall submit to the Agency a representative copy of each
type of
notice
distributed,
published, posted or
made available to the persons served by
the supplier
or
to the
media.
e)
The supplier
shall submit to the Agency within
the
time stated in the request copies
of
any
records required to be maintained under
Section
611.860 or
copies of any documents then in
existence which
the
Agency
is entitled
to inspect pursuant to the authority of Section 4 of the
Act.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40
CFR 141.31
(1989),
as amended at 54
Fed.
Reg.
27562,
June
29,
1989.
(Source:
Amended at 20
Ill. Reg.
________,
effective
_______________________)
Section
611.851
Reporting
MCL and other Violations
A supplier that fails to comply
with an applicable MCL or treatment technique established by this
Part
or
which
fails
to comply
with the requirements of
any
schedule prescribed pursuant to a variance or adjusted standard
shall
notify
persons
served by
the PWS as follows:
a)
Except as provided
in subsection
(c), the
supplier
shall give notice:
1)
By
publication in a daily newspaper of general
circulation in the area served by
the
PWS
as
soon as possible, but in no case later than
14 days after the violation
or failure.
If the area served by a PWS is
not
served by a daily
newspaper of general circulation,
notice must
instead
be given
by publication in a weekly newspaper of general
circulation
serving the area;
and
2)
By mail delivery
(by direct
mail or
with
the water bill),
or
by
hand delivery,
not
later
than 45
days after the violation or failure.
This is
not
required if the Agency
determines
by
SEP that the supplier in violation
has
corrected the violation or
failure
within
the 45-day period; and
3)
For
violations of the MCLs of contaminants that pose
an acute
risk to human health,
by
furnishing a copy of the notice to the radio and television stations serving the area
served by
the PWS as soon as
possible
but
in
no case later than 72 hours
after
the
violation.
The
following violations are acute violations:
A)
Any
violations posing an acute risk to human health,
as specified in this
Part
or
as
determined by
the Agency on a case-by-case basis.
B)
Violation of
the
MCL for nitrate
or nitrite in Section
611.301.
C)
Violation of the MCL for total coliforms,
when fecal coliforms or
E.
coli are
present in the water distribution system,
as
specified in Section
611.325(b).
102
D)
Occurrence of a waterborne disease outbreak.
b)
Except as provided in subsection (c),
following the initial notice
given under subsection (a),
the
supplier shall give notice at least once every three months by mail, delivery
(by direct
mail
or
with
the
water bill)
or by
hand delivery, for as long as
the
violation
or
failure exists.
c)
Alternative methods of notice.
1)
In lieu of the requirements of subsections (a)
and
(b),
a CWS supplier in an area
that is
not served by a daily
or weekly newspaper of general circulation shall
give notice by
hand delivery or
by
continuous posting in conspicuous places within
the area served by
the CWS.
Notice by
hand delivery
or
posting must begin
as
soon as
possible,
but
no
later
than
72 hours after
the violation
or
failure for acute
violations (as defined in
subsection (a)(3)) or
14
days after the violation
or
failure (for any other violation).
Posting
must continue for as long as
the violation
or
failure exists.
Notice by
hand
delivery must be repeated at
least every three months for as long as the
violation or
failure exists.
2)
In lieu of the requirements of subsections (a)
and (b),
a non-CWS
supplier may
give
notice by
hand delivery
or
by continuous posting in conspicuous places within
the area
served by the non-CWS.
Notice by hand delivery
or
posting must begin as
soon
as
possible, but
no
later
than
72
hours after the
violation
or failure for acute
violations
(as
defined in subsection (a)(3)),
or
14
days after the violation or
failure
(for any other
violation).
Posting must continue for as
long
as
the
violation or failure exists.
Notice
by hand delivery
must be repeated at least every three months for as
long as the
violation or
failure exists.
3)
Where allowed, pursuant to Section
611.609(d),
611 .646(o)(3), 611.647(i), or
611. 648(k)(3) because it
has
a separable system, a supplier may issue
public notice only
to persons on that portion of its system that
its out of compliance.
BOARD
NOTE:
Generally derived from 40
CFR
141.32(a) (1993).
Subsection (c)(3)
derived from 40 CFR 141.23(i)(4) &
141
.24(f)(15)(iii), (g)(9) & (h)(ll)(iii)
(1993).
(Source:
Amended at
20
III. Reg.
________,
effective
______________________
Section 611.852
Reporting
other Violations
A supplier
that
fails to perform monitoring required
by
this Part,
which
fails to comply
with a testing procedure
established by
this Part,
or which is subject
to a variance
or adjusted standard under
Section 611.111, 611.112 or
611.113 shall notify persons served by
the PWS as
follows:
a)
Except as provided
in subsection
(c) or
(d), the supplier shall
give notice,
within
three months of
the violation or granting of a variance
or adjusted standard,
by publication in a
daily
newspaper
of general circulation
in the area served by
the PWS.
If the area served by a PWS is not
served
by a daily
newspaper of general circulation, notice must
instead be given by publication in a
weekly newspaper of general circulation serving the area.
b)
Except as provided in subsection (c)
or
(d),
following the initial notice given under
subsection
(a),
the
supplier shall
give notice at least once every three months by mail delivery (by direct
mail or
with the water bill)
or
by
hand delivery, for as long as
the violation
exists.
Repeat
103
notice ofthe existence of a variance or adjusted standard (Section 611.111 through 611.113)
must be given every three months for as long as the
variance or adjusted standard remains in
effect.
c)
Alternative methods ofnotice.
1)
In
lieu of
the requirements of subsections (a)
and (b),
a
CWS
supplier
in an area that is
not
served
by
a daily or weekly newspaper of general circulation
shall give notice,
within
three months of the violation or
granting of
the varianceor
adjusted standard, by
hand delivery
or by
continuous posting
in conspicuous places withj~
the area served
by
the
CWS.
Posting
must continue
for as long as
the violation exists
or
a variance or
adjusted standard remains
in effect.
The
CWS supplier
shall repeat the notice by hand
delivery every three months for as
long
as
the variance
or
adjusted standard remains
in
effect.
2)
In lieu of
the requirements of subsections (a)
and
(b),
a non-CWS
supplier may give
notice, within
three months of the violation or
the granting of the variance
or
adjusted
standard,
by hand delivery
or by
continuous posting
in conspicuous places within the
area
served
by
the
non-CWS.
Posting
must continue for as
long as the violation exists,
or
a variance
or adjusted standard remains in effect.
Notice
by
hand delivery must be
repeated at
least every three months
for as long
as
the violation exists or a variance or
adjusted standard remains in effect.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived from 40
CFR
141.32(b) (l994~).
(Source:
Amended at 20
111,
Reg.
________,
effective
_______________________)
Section
611.858
Fluoride Secondary Standard
If a CWS exceeds the secondary
standard
for fluoride of 2.0 mg/L,
as
determined by
the
last single
sample taken
in accordance with Section
611
.603,
but
does not
exceed the MCL in Section
611.3001(b), the supplier shall
provide the fluoride notice
in Section 6l1.Appendix A(9) to:
a)
All
billing units annually;
b)
All
billing units at the time service
begins;
and
c)
The local public
health department.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from
40 CFR
143.3
and
143.5 (1994).
(Source:
Amended at20
Ill.
Reg.
,
effective
_______________________)
Section
611.870
List of 36
Contaminants
(Repealed)
a)
Thin Section
applies to only the contaminants iiswu in aecuon ot i.oju.
b)
A CWS or
NTNCWS supplier who is required
to monitor under Section 611.650
shall
send a
copy of the results of
such monitoring
within
30
days
of receipt
and any
public notice
under
~
~
f-~.,
.,....,
(‘UFQ.,
~
104
c)
See Section
611. 100(e).
d)
The
supplier shall notify persons served
by
the
PWS of the avauaouiry oi me resuits
on
sampurig
conducted
under Section
6 11.650 by
including
a notice in the
first
set
of water bills
issued
by
the
supplier
after the
receipt
of the
results
or
written
notice within
three
months.
The notice must
identify
a person and supply the telephone number to contact for information on
the
monitoring
results.
For surface water systems,
public
notification
is required only after the first
quarter’s
monitoring
and
must include a statement that
additional
monitoring
will be conducted for three
more quarters
with the
results
available
upon request.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR
111.35 (1989).
(Source:
Repealed at 20 Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
_______________________)
Section
611 .Appendix A
Mandatory Health
Effects Information
1)
Trichloroethylene.
The
United States Environmental
Protection Agency (th.S~-EPA)sets
drinking water standards and has determined that trichloroethylene
is a health concern at certain
levels of exposure.
This chemical is
a common metal cleaning
and
dry cleaning
fluid.
It
generally gets into
drinking water
by
improper waste
disposal.
This chemical has been shown to
cause cancer in laboratory
animals such
as rats and mice
when
the
animals
are
exposed at high
levels over their
lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause cancer in laboratory animals
also may increase
the risk of cancer in humans who
are
exposed at lower
levels over long periods of time.
U.S-
EPA has set
forth the enforceable
drinking water standard for trichioroethylene at
0.005
parts
per
million (ppm) to reduce
the
risk of cancer or other adverse health effects which have been
observed in laboratory animals.
Drinking water which meets this standard
is associated
with
little
to none
of this risk and should
be considered safe.
2)
Carbon
tetrachioride.
The
United States Environmental Protection
Agency (U.~S.-EPA)sets
drinking water standards and has determined that carbon tetrachloride is a health concern at
certain levels of exposure.
This chemical was
once a popular household
cleaning fluid.
It
generally gets into
drinking water
by
improper waste disposal.
This chemical has been shown to
cause cancer in laboratory
animals
such as
rats and mice
when the animals
are exposed at high
levels over their
lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause cancer in laboratory
animals
also may increase
the risk of cancer in humans who are exposed at lower
levels over long periods of time.
U~S7
EPA has set the enforceable drinking water standard for carbon tetrachionide at
0.005
parts per
million (ppm) to reduce the risk of cancer or other adverse
health effects which have been
observed in laboratory
animals.
Drinking water which meets this standard is associated with
little to none of this risk
and should be considered
safe.
3)
1 ,2-Dichloroethane.
The
United States
Environmental
Protection Agency
(U~S—EPA)sets
drinking water standards and has determined that
1 ,2-dichloroethane
is a health concern
at
certain levels of exposure.
This chemical
is used
as a cleaning fluid for fats, oils, waxes
and
resins.
It generally gets into drinking water by improper
waste
disposal.
This chemical has
been shown to cause cancer in laboratory
animals
such
as rats
and
mice when the animals
are
exposed at high
levels over their lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause cancer in laboratory animals
also may increase
the risk of cancer in humans who are exposed at lower levels over long
periods of
time.
U-S~—EPAhas set the enforceable drinking water standard for 1,2-
dichloroethane at
0.005
parts per
million (ppm) to reduce the risk of cancer or
other adverse
105
health effects which have been observed
in laboratory
animals.
Drinking
water
which meets this
standard is associated with little
to none of this risk
and
should be considered safe.
4)
Vinyl
chloride.
The
United States Environmental
Protection
Agency (U~S~-EPA)
sets
drinking
water standards
and
has determined that vinyl chloride
is a health concern at certain levels of
exposure.
This chemical is used in industry
and
is found in drinking water
as a result of the
breakdown of related solvents.
The
solvents are used
as
cleaners and degreasers
of metals
and
generally get
into drinking water
by
improper waste
disposal.
This chemical has been associated
with significantly
increased risks of cancer
among certain industrial workers who were exposed
to relatively large amounts of
this chemical during their
working careers.
This chemical has
also been shown to cause cancer in laboratory
animals when the animals are exposed at high
levels over their lifetimes.
Chemicals
that cause increased risk of cancer among exposed
industrial workers
and
in
laboratory animals also may increase the risk of cancer in humans who
are exposed at lower levels over long periods of time.
U-S~--EPAhas set
the enforceable
drinking water standard for vinyl chloride at
0.002
parts per million (ppm) to reduce the risk of
cancer or other adverse health effects which have been observed in laboratory
animals.
Drinking water which meets this standard
is associated with little
to none of
this risk
and
should
be
considered safe.
5)
Benzene.
The
United States Environmental Protection Agency (U7S1—EPA)
sets drinking water
standards and has determined that benzene
is a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This chemical is used
as a solvent and degreaser
of metals.
It
is
also
a major component of
gasoline.
Drinking water contamination generally results from leaking underground gasoline and
petroleum
tanks
or
improper waste
disposal.
This chemical has been associated with
significantly
increased risks of leukemia among certain industrial workers who were exposed to
relatively large amounts of this chemical during their working careers.
This chemical
has
been
shown
to cause cancer in laboratory
animals when the animals
are exposed at high levels over
their
lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause increased risk of cancer among exposed
industrial workers
and
in laboratory
animals also may
increase the risk of cancer in humans who
are
exposed at
lower
levels over long periods of time.
U-S—EPA has set the enforceable drinking water
standard for beuaene at 0.005 parts
per
million
(ppm) to reduce the risk of cancer or other
adverse health effects which have been observed in humans
and
laboratory
animals.
Drinking
water which meets this standard is associated with little
to none
of this risk and should be
considered safe.
6)
1, 1-Dichloroethylene.
The
United States Environmental Protection Agency (U7S~—EPA)sets
drinking water standards and has determined that
1, l-dichloroethylene is a health concern at
certain levels of exposure.
This chemical is used
in industry
and
is found in drinking water as a
result of the breakdown of related solvents.
The
solvents
are
used
as cleaners
and degreasers
of
metals
and
generally get
into
drinking water by
improper waste disposal.
This chemical has
been shown to cause liver
and
kidney
damage
in laboratory
animals such
as
rats and mice when
the animals
are exposed at high levels over their
lifetimes.
Chemicals
that cause adverse effects
in laboratory
animals also may cause adverse health effects
in humans who
are exposed at lower
levels over long periods of time.
U..S~—EPAhas set the
enforceable drinking
water standard for
1. 1-dichioroethylene at 0.007 parts per
million (ppm) to reduce the risk of these adverse health
effects which have been observed in laboratory
animals.
Drinking water which meets this
standard is associated with little
to none of this
risk
and
should be considered safe.
7)
Para-dichlorobenzene.
The
United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U7S~-EPA)
sets
drinking water standards and has
determined that para-dichlorobenzene is a health concern at
certain levels of exposure.
This chemical is a component of deodorizers,
moth balls
and
106
pesticides.
It
generally gets into drinking water by
improper waste
disposal.
This chemical has
been shown to cause liver and kidney damage in laboratory
animals such
as
rats and mice when
the animals
are exposed at high levels over their
lifetimes.
Chemicals
which cause adverse
effects in laboratory
animals also may cause adverse health effects
in humans who
are exposed
at lower
levels over long periods of time.
U.~S-—EPAhas set the enforceable drinking water
standard for para-dichlorobenzene at 0.075 parts per
million (ppm) to reduce
the
risk of these
adverse health effects which have been observed in
laboratory animals.
Drinking water which
meets this standard
is associated with little
to none
of this risk
and
should be considered safe.
8)
1,1, 1-Trichloroethane.
The
United States Environmental
Protection Agency
(U~.S—EPA)sets
drinking
water standards and has determined that
1,1,1 -trichloroethane
is a health concern at
certain levels of exposure.
This chemical
is used
as a cleaner
and degreaser of metals.
It
generally gets into
drinking water by
improper waste disposal.
This chemical has been shown to
damage
the liver, nervous system
and circulatory
system of laboratory
animals such as rats and
mice when the animals
are exposed at high levels over their
lifetimes.
Some
industrial
workers
who were exposed
to relatively large amounts of this chemical during their
working careers also
suffered
damage
to the liver,
nervous system
and
circulatory
system.
Chemicals which cause
adverse effects among exposed
industrial workers
and
in laboratory
animals also may cause
adverse health effects
in humans who are exposed at lower
levels over long periods of time.
U-S-EPA has set
the enforceable drinking water standard for 1,1,1 -trichloroethane at 0.2 parts
per
million (ppm) to protect against the risk of these adverse health effects which have
been
observed in laboratory
animals.
Drinking water which meets this standard is associated with
little
to none
of this risk
and
should
be considered safe.
9)
Fluoride.
The U.S.
Environmental
Protection Agency
requires that we
send you this notice on
the level of fluoride in your
drinking water.
The
drinking water in your community
has a
fluoride concentration
of
concentration
to be provided
by
supplier
milligrams
per
liter (mg/L).
Federal
regulations
require that fluoride, which occurs naturally
in your
water supply, not
exceed a concentration of 4.0 mgfL in drinking water.
This is an enforceable
standard
called a
Maximum
Contaminant
Level (MCL), and
it has been established to protect the public health.
Exposure to drinking water
levels above 4.0
mg/L for many
years
may
result
in some cases of
crippling skeletal fluorosis, which
is a serious bone disorder.
Federal law also requires
that we notify you when monitoring indicates
that
the fluoride in your
drinking water exceeds 2.0 mg/L.
This
is intended to alert families about
dental problems that
might affect
children
under
nine years of age.
The
fluoride concentration of your
water exceeds
this federal guideline.
Fluoride in children’s drinking water at levels of approximately
1
mg/L reduces the number of
dental cavities.
However,
some
children
exposed
to levels of fluoride greater
than
about 2.0
mg/L may develop dental fluorosis.
Dental fluorosis,
in its moderate
and
severe
forms,
is a
brown staining
and/or pitting of the permanent
teeth.
Because dental
fluorosis occurs
only when developing teeth (before they
erupt from the gums)
are exposed to elevated fluoride levels, households without children are
not expected
to be
affected by
this level of fluoride.
Families with children
under
the age of nine are encouraged to
seek other sources of drinking water for their
children
to avoid
the possibility of staining and
pitting.
107
Your water
supplier can lower the
concentration of
fluoride in your
water so that you will
still
receive the
benefits
of cavity prevention
while the
possibility of stained and pitted teeth is
minimized.
Removal of fluoride may
increase your water
costs.
Treatment systems are
also
commercially
available for home
use.
Information on such systems
is
available
at the address
given below.
Low
fluoride bottled
drinking water
that would meet
all
standards
is also
commercially available.
For further information,
contact name
of contact person to be provided by
supplier
at your
water system.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40
CFR
141.32(e)(9)
and
143.5
(1994~).
10)
Microbiological
contaminants (for use when there is a violation of the treatment technique
requirements for filtration
and
disinfection in Subpart
B
of this Part).
The
United
States
Environmental
Protection
Agency (U~S.-EPA)
sets drinking water standards
and
has determined
that the presence of microbiological contaminants are a health concern at certain levels of
exposure.
If water is
inadequately
treated, microbiological contaminants in that water may
cause disease.
Disease
symptoms may
include diarrhea,
cramps, nausea and possibly jaundice
and
any
associated headaches
and
fatigue.
These symptoms, however, are not just associated
with disease-causing
organisms
in drinking water, but
also may be
caused by a number of
factors other
than your drinking water.
U-S~-EPA
has set enforceable requirements for treating
drinking
water to reduce
the
risk of these
adverse health effects.
Treatment such
as filtering
and
disinfecting the water removes
or destroys microbiological contaminants.
Drinking water which
is treated to meet U7S--EPA requirements
is associated with little to none of this
risk
and
should
be considered safe.
11)
Total coliforms.
(To be used when there is a violation of Section
611.325(a) and not a violation
of Section 611.325(b)).
The
United States
Environmental
Protection
Agency (U-S~-EPA)
sets
drinking water standards
and
has determined that the presence of total coliforms is a possible
health concern.
Total
coliforms
are
common in the environment
and
are generally
not
harmful
themselves.
The presence of these bacteria in drinking water, however, generally is a result of a
problem with water treatment or
the pipes which distribute the water and indicates that the water
may be contaminated with organisms
that can
cause disease.
Disease
symptoms may include
diarrhea, cramps, nausea
and
possibly jaundice,
and
any associated
headaches and fatigue.
These symptoms, however, are
not just
associated
with disease-causing organisms
in drinking
water,
but
also may be caused by a number of factors other than your drinking water.
U~S~
EPA has set an enforceable
drinking water standard for total coliforms
to reduce the risk of
these adverse health effects.
Under this standard,
no
more than 5.0 percent of the samples
collected during a month
can contain these bacteria, except that systems collecting fewer than 40
samples/month that have one total coliform-positive sample
per
month
are
not violating
the
standard.
Drinking water which meets this standard is usually not
associated with a
health
risk
from disease-causing bacteria and should be considered safe.
12)
Fecal Colifonns/E.
coli.
(To be used when there is a violation of
Section 611.325(b) or both
Section 611.325(a)
and
(b).)
The United States Environmental
Protection Agency
(U~.S~—EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that the presence of fecal coliforms or fi.
coli
is a serious health concern.
Fecal coliforms and E. coli are generally not
harmful themselves,
but their presence in drinking water is serious because they usually are associated with sewage
or animal wastes.
The presence of these bacteria in drinking water is generally a result of a
problem with water treatment or
the pipes which distribute the water and indicates that
the
water
may be contaminated with organisms
that can
cause disease.
Disease
symptoms
may
include
108
diarrhea, cramps, nausea and possiblyjaundice,
and
associated
headaches
and
fatigue.
These
symptoms,
however,
are not just associated with disease-causing organisms
in drinking water,
but also
may
be caused
by
a number of factors other than your drinking water.
U-S—EPA
has
set
an enforceable drinking water standard for fecal coliforms and E.
coli
to reduce the risk of
these adverse health effects.
Under this standard all
drinking water samples must
be free of
these bacteria.
Drinking water which meets this standard
is associated with little
or
none of this
risk and should be considered safe.
State
and local health authorities recommend that consumers
take
the following precautions:
To
be inserted by
the public water system,
according
to
instruction
from
State
or
local authorities.
13)
Lead.
The
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency (U7S~-EPA)sets drinking water
standards
and has
determined that lead
is a health concern at certain exposure levels.
Materials
that contain lead have
frequently been used
in the construction of water supply distribution
systems,
and
plumbing
systems in private homes
and
other buildings.
The
most commonly
found materials include service
lines, pipes, brass and bronze fixtures,
and
solders
and
fluxes.
Lead in these materials can contaminate drinking water as a result of the corrosion that takes
place when water comes
into
contact with those
materials.
Lead can cause a variety of adverse
health effects in humans.
At
relatively low levels of exposure,
these effects may include
interference with red blood
cell chemistry,
delays
in normal
physical and mental
development in
babies
and
young children, slight deficits in the attention span,
hearing,
and
learning abilities
of
children,
and
slight increases in the blood pressure of some adults.
U~S~—EPA’s
national
primary drinking water regulation requires all
public water systems
to optimize corrosion control
to minimize lead contamination resulting from the corrosion of plumbing materials.
Public
water systems serving 50,000
people or
fewer that have lead concentrations below
15
parts
per
billion (ppb) in more than 90
of tap water samples
(the
U..S—EPA
“action level”) have
optimized
their corrosion control
treatment.
Any water system that exceeds the action level
must also monitor their
source water to determine whether treatment to remove lead
in source
water is needed.
Any
water system
that continues to exceed the action level after installation of
corrosion control and/or
source water treatment must eventually replace all
lead
service lines
contributing in excess of
15 ppb of lead to drinking water.
Any
water system that exceeds the
action level
must also
undertake
a public education
program to inform consumers
of ways they
can
reduce
their
exposure to potentially
high levels of lead in drinking water.
14)
Copper.
The
United States
Environmental
Protection Agency (U7S~-EPA)
sets drinldng water
standards
and
has determined that copper is a health concern at certain exposure levels.
Copper,
a reddish-brown
metal,
is often used to plumb
residential
and
commercial structures that
are
connected to water distribution
systems.
Copper contaminating drinking water as
a corrosion
by-product occurs as the result of the corrosion of copper pipes that remain in contact with water
for a prolonged period
of time.
Copper is an essential nutrient, but at high doses it
has been
shown to cause stomach
and
intestinal distress,
liver and kidney damage,
and
anemia.
Persons
with Wilson’s disease may be
at a higher
risk of health effects due to copper
than
the general
public.
U-~-S~—EPA’s
national
primary drinking water regulation requires all
public water
systems
to install optimal corrosion control
to minimize copper contamination resulting from the
corrosion of plumbing materials.
Public
water systems serving 50,000
people or
fewer
that have
copper concentrations below 1.3 parts per million (ppm) in more than 90
of tap water
samples
(the
U~S~—EPA
“action level”)
are
not required to install or
improve their
treatment.
Any
water
system that exceeds the action level
must also monitor their
source water to determine whether
treatment to remove copper in source water is needed.
15)
Asbestos.
The
United States
Environmental
Protection
Agency (th&—EPA)
sets drinking water
standards
and
has determined that asbestos fibers greater than
10 micrometers in length are a
109
health concern at
certain
levels of exposure.
Asbestos
is a naturally occurring mineral.
Most
asbestos fibers in drinking
water are
less than
10
micrometers
in length
and occur
in drinking
water from
natural
sources
and
from
corroded asbestos-cement pipes
in the distribution system.
The major uses of asbestos were
in the production of cements,
floor
tiles,
paper products, paint,
and
caulking;
in transportation-related
applications;
and
in the production of textiles
and
plastics.
Asbestos was
once a popular insulating and fire
retardant
material.
Inhalation studies have
shown that various forms of asbestos have produced lung tumors in laboratory
animals.
The
available information on
the risk of developing gastrointestinal tract cancer associated
with the
ingestion of asbestos from drinking water is limited.
Ingestion of intermediate-range chrysolite
asbestos
fibers
greater than
10 micrometers in
length is associated with causing benign tumors
in
male rats.
Chemicals
that cause cancer in laboratory
animals also may increase
the
risk of
cancer in
humans
who are exposed over long periods of time.
U-S—EPA has set
the
drinking
water standard for asbestos at 7 million long fibers per
liter to reduce the potential risk of cancer
or
other adverse health effects which have
been observed in laboratory animals.
Drinking water
which meets the
U-~S~—EPA
standard
is associated
with
little to none of
this risk and should be
considered safe with respect
to asbestos.
16)
Barium.
The
United States
Environmental
Protection
Agency
(U~S—EPA)sets drinking water
standards
and
has determined that barium
is a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This
inorganic chemical occurs naturally
in some
aquifers that serve
as sources of groundwater.
It is
also used in oil and gas drilling muds,
automotive paints,
bricks, tiles,
and
jet
fuels.
It generally
gets into
drinking water after
dissolving from naturally
occurring minerals
in the ground.
This
chemical may damage
the heart
and
vascular system,
and
is associated with high blood
pressure
in laboratory
animals
such
as
rats
exposed to high levels during their
lifetimes.
In humans,
U~S~
EPA believes
that effects from barium on
blood pressure should
not occur below 2 parts per
million (ppm) in drinking water.
U~&r.EPA
has set
the drinking water standard for barium at 2
parts per million (ppm) to protect against the risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking
water that meets the U-S~-EPAstandard
is associated with little
to none of this risk and is
considered safe with respect to barium.
17)
Cadmium.
The United States
Environmental
Protection Agency (U~S.~-EPA)
sets drinking water
standards and has determined that cadmium is
ahealth concern at certain levels of exposure.
Food
and
the smoking of tobacco are common sources of general exposure.
This inorganic
metal is a contaminant in
the
metals used
to galvanize
pipe.
It
generally gets into
water
by
corrosion of galvanized pipes
or by
improper waste
disposal.
This chemical has been shown to
damage
the
kidney
in animals
such
as
rats and mice when the animals
are exposed at high levels
over their lifetimes.
Some
industrial workers who were exposed
to relatively large
amounts of
this chemical
during working careers also suffered damage
to
the kidney.
U-S--EPA has set
the
drinking water standard for cadmium at 0.005 parts
per
million (ppm) to protect against the
risk
of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets the U~S1-EPAstandard
is associated
with little
to none of this risk and is considered safe with respect to cadmium.
18)
Chromium.
The United States
Environmental
Protection
Agency
(U.S.—EPA) sets
drinking
water standards and has determined that chromium
is a health
concern at certain levels of
exposure.
This inorganic metal occurs naturally in the ground
and
is often used
in the
electroplating of metals.
It generally gets into water from runoff from old
mining
operations
and
improper waste disposal from plating operations.
This chemical has been shown to damage
the kidney, nervous system,
and
the circulatory system of laboratory
animals
such
as
rats and
mice
when the
animals are exposed at high levels.
Some humans who were exposed to high
levels of
this
chemical suffered liver and kidney damage, dermatitis
and respiratory problems.
U&—EPA
has set the drinking water standard for chromium at 0.1 parts
per million (ppm) to
110
protect against
the risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets the
U7S—EPA
standard
is associated with little
to none of this risk
and
is considered safe with respect
to
chromium.
19)
Mercury.
The
United States
Environmental
Protection Agency
(U?S—EPA)
sets drinking water
standards and
has determined that mercury is a health concern at
certain
levels of exposure.
This inorganic metal is used
in electrical equipment
and
some
water pumps.
It usually gets
into
water as a result of improper waste
disposal. This chemical has been shown to damage the
kidney of laboratory
animals
such
as rats when the animals
are
exposed at high levels over their
lifetimes.
U7S~-EPAhas set
the
drinking water standard for mercury at 0.002 parts per
million
(ppm) to protect against
the risk of these
adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets the
U~S~-EPA
standard is associated with little to none of this risk
and
is considered safe with
respect to
mercury.
20)
Nitrate.
The
United States Environmental
Protection Agency (U~S~-EPA)
sets drinking water
standards and has determined that nitrate
poses an acute health concern at certain levels of
exposure.
Nitrate
is used in fertilizer
and
is found in sewage
and
wastes from
human
and/or
farm
animals
and
generally gets into
drinking water from
those
activities.
Excessive levels of
nitrate
in drinking water have caused serious
illness
and sometimes
death in infants under
six
months
of age.
The serious
illness
in infants is caused because nitrate
is converted to nitrite
in
the body.
Nitrite interferes with
the
oxygen carrying capacity
of the child’s blood.
This is an
acute
disease in that symptoms
can develop rapidly
in infants.
In
most cases, health deteriorates
over a period
of days.
Symptoms
include shortness of breath and blueness of the
skin.
Clearly,
expert medical advice should be sought immediately
if these symptoms occur.
The purpose of
this notice
is to encourage parents
and
other responsible parties
to provide infants with an
alternate source of drinking water.
Local
and
State health
authorities
are
the
best source for
information
concerning
alternate sources of drinking water for infants.
U.&-EPA has set the
drinking water standard at 10 parts per million (ppm) for nitrate
to protect
against
the risk of
these adverse effects.
U~S.—EPAhas also set a drinking water standard for nitrite
at
I
ppm.
To
allow for the fact that the toxicity of nitrate
arid
nitrite
are additive~—~
U~S—EPAhas also
established a standard for the sum of nitrate
and nitrite at
10
ppm.
Drinking water that meets
the
U~~S.—EPA
standard
is associated with little
to none of this risk
and
is considered safe
with
respect
to nitrate.
21)
Nitrite.
The
United
States Environmental
Protection
Agency (U~S.-EPA)
sets drinking water
standards and
has
determined that nitrite poses an acute health
concern at certain levels of
exposure.
This inorganic chemical is used
in
fertilizers and is found in sewage
and wastes from
humans and/or farm animals
and
generally gets into
drinking water as a result of those
activities.
While excessive levels of nitrite
in drinking water have not
been observed, other sources of
nitrite have caused serious
illness
and
sometimes
death in infants under
six months of age.
The
serious
illness
in infants is caused because nitrite interferes with the oxygen carrying capacity of
the child’s blood.
This is
an acute
disease in that symptoms
can develop rapidly.
However,
in
most cases, health deteriorates over a period
of days.
Symptoms
include shortness of breath and
blueness of the skin.
Clearly,
expert medical advice should be sought immediately if these
symptoms
occur.
The purpose of this notice is
to encourage parents
and
other responsible
parties to provide infants with an alternate source of drinking water.
Local
and
State health
authorities are the best source for information concerning alternate sources of drinking water for
infants.
U.~S.~—EPA
has set the drinking water standard at
1
part per million
(ppm) for nitrite
to
protect against the risk of these
adverse effects.
U-S~-EPAhas also
set a drinking water
standard for nitrate (converted to nitrite in humans) at
10 ppm and for the sum of nitrate
and
111
nitrite at
10
ppm.
Drinking water that meets the U-S~-EPA
standard
is associated
with little to
none of this risk
and
is considered safe with respect
to nitrite.
22)
Selenium.
The
United States
Environmental
Protection
Agency
(U.S~—EPA)sets drinking
water
standards
and has determined that selenium is a health concern at certain high levels of
exposure.
Selenium is also an essential nutrient at low levels of exposure.
This inorganic
chemical is
found naturally
in food and soils
and
is used
in electronics, photocopy operations,
the manufacture of glass,
chemicals, drugs,
and as
a fungicide and a feed additive.
In humans,
exposure to high levels of selenium over a long period of time has resulted in a number of
adverse health effects,
including a loss of feeling
and
control
in the arms and legs.
U~S~.-EPA
has
set
the drinking water standard for selenium at 0.05
parts per
million (ppm) to protect
against
the risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets
the
U—S—EPA
standard
is associated
with little to none
of
this risk and
is
considered safe with respect to
selenium.
23)
Acrylamide.
The
United States
Environmental
Protection
Agency
(U..Sr.EPA) sets drinking
water standards
and
has determined that acrylamide is a health concern at certain levels of
exposure.
Polymers made from acrylamide are sometimes
used to treat water supplies
to
remove particulate contaminants.
Acrylamide has been shown to cause cancer in laboratory
animals such
as rats and mice when the animals are exposed at high levels over their lifetimes.
Chemicals
that cause cancer in laboratory
animals
also may increase
the risk of cancer in
humans who
are exposed over long periods of time.
Sufficiently large
doses of acrylamide are
known to cause neurological injury.
U-S—EPA has set
the drinking water standard for
acrylamide
using
a treatment technique to reduce the risk of cancer or other adverse health
effects which have been observed in laboratory animals.
This treatment technique
limits
the
amount of acrylamide in the polymer and the
amount of the polymer which may be
added to
drinking
water to remove particulates.
Drinking water systems which comply
with this
treatment technique have little
to no risk and
are
considered safe with respect
to acrylamide.
24)
Alachlor.
The
United States Environmental Protection
Agency
(U~S~—EPA)
sets drinking water
standards
and
has determined that alachlor is a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This organic chemical
is a widely used
pesticide.
When
soil
and
climatic conditions are
favorable,
alachlor may
get into drinking water
by runoff into
surface water or by
leaching into
groundwater.
This chemical
has
been shown to cause cancer in laboratory
animals
such as rats
afld
mice
when the animals
are exposed
at high levels over their lifetimes.
Chemicals
that cause
cancer
in laboratory
animals also may
increase the
risk of cancer in humans who are exposed
over long periods of
time.
U?S—EPA has set
the drinking water standard for alachlor at 0.002
parts per
million (ppm) to reduce the risk of cancer or other adverse health effects which have
been observed in laboratory animals.
Drinking water that meets this standard is associated with
little
to none of this risk and is considered safe with respect
to alachlor.
25)
Aldicarb.
The
United States Environmental Protection
Agency (U.~S.-EPA)sets drinking water
standards
and
has determined that aldicarb
is a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
Aldicarb
is a widely used pesticide.
Under certain soil
and
climatic conditions (e.g., sandy soil
and high rainfall),
aldicarb may leach
into groundwater after normal agricultural applications to
crops such
as potatoes or peanuts or may enter drinking water supplies
as a result of surface
runoff.
This chemical
has
been shown to damage
the nervous system
in laboratory
animals such
as rats
and
dogs exposed
to high levels.
U.~S—EPAhas set
the drinking water standard for
aldicarb at 0.003 parts per
million (ppm) to reduce the risk of adverse health effects.
Drinking
water that meets this standard
is associated
with
little
to none of this risk
and
is considered safe
with respect to aldicarb.
112
26)
Aldicarb sulfoxide. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (U7S~-EPA)sets
drinking water standards and has determined that aldicarb sulfoxide is a health concern at certain
levels of exposure.
Aldicarb is awidely used pesticide.
Aldicarb sulfoxide in groundwater is
primarily a breakdown product of
aldicarb.
Under certain soil
and climatic conditions (e.g.,
sandy soil and high rainfall), aldicarb sulfoxide
may
leach into groundwater after normal
agricultural
applications to crops such as potatoes or peanuts or may enter drinking water
supplies
as a result
of surface runoff.
This chemical
has been shown to damage
the
nervous
system in laboratory
animals such as rats
and dogs exposed to high levels.
U7S~-EPAhas set the
drinking water standard for aldicarb
sulfoxide at 0.004 parts per
million (ppm)
to reduce the risk
of adverse health effects.
Drinking water that
meets this standard is associated
with little to
none of this risk and is considered safe with respect to aldicarb sulfoxide.
27)
Aldicarb sulfone.
The United States
Environmental
Protection
Agency (U.~S-EPA)
sets
drinking
water standards and has determined that aldicarb sulfone is a health concern at certain levels of
exposure.
Aldicarb is a widely
used pesticide.
Aldicarb
sulfone in groundwater is primarily a
breakdown product of aldicarb.
Under certain
soil and climatic conditions (e.g., sandy soil and
high rainfall), aldicarb sulfone may leach
into groundwater after normal
agricultural
applications
to crops such
as potatoes or peanuts or
may enter drinking water supplies as a result of surface
runoff.
This chemical has been shown
to damage
the nervous
system in laboratory
animals
such
as rats and dogs exposed to high levels. U~.S~—EPA
has
set the drinking water
standard for
aldicarb
sulfone at 0.002 parts per million (ppm) to reduce the risk of adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets this standard is associated with little to none of this risk
and
is
considered
safe with respect to aldicarb sulfone.
28)
Atrazine.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (U~&-EPA)sets
drinking water
standards and has determined that
atrazine is a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This
organic chemical
is a herbicide.
When soil and climatic conditions are favorable,
atrazine may
get
into
drinking water by
runoff into surface water
or by leaching into groundwater.
This
chemical has been shown
to affect offspring of rats and
the
heart~
of dogs.
U~S~-EPA
has set
the drinking water
standard for
atrazine at 0.003 parts per million (ppm) to protect against the
risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water that
meets the U~S~—EPA
standard is
associated with little to none of this
risk and
is considered
safe with respect
to atrazine.
29)
Carbofuran.
The United
States Environmental Protection
Agency
(UrS~—EPA)sets
drinking
water standards and
has determined that carbofuran is ahealth concern at certain levels of
exposure.
This organic chemical is a pesticide.
When soil and climatic conditions are
favorable,
carbofuran may get into drinking water by runoff into surface water
or by
leaching
into groundwater.
This chemical
has been shown to damage
the nervous and reproductive
systems of laboratory animals
such as rats
and mice exposed at high levels over their lifetimes.
Some
humans
who were
exposed to relatively large amounts of
this chemical
during their
working careers
also suffered damage
to the nervous system.
Effects on the nervous system are
generally rapidly
reversible.
U~.S~—EPA
has set the drinking water standard for carbofuran at
0.04 parts per million (ppm) to
protect against the
risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking
water that meets the U~S—EPAstandard is associated with little
to none
of this
risk and is
considered
safe with respect to carbofuran.
30)
Chlordane.
The United States Environmental
Protection Agency
(U.?S~-EPA)sets drinking water
standards
and has determined that
chlordane
is a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This organic chemical is a pesticide used to control termites.
Chlordane
is not very mobile
in
soils.
It usually gets
into drinking water after application near water
supply intakes or wells.
113
This chemical has been shown to cause cancer in laboratory
animals
such
as
rats
and
mice when
the animals
are exposed at high levels over their
lifetimes.
Chemicals
that
cause cancer in
laboratory
animals also may increase
the risk of
cancer in humans who are exposed over long
periods of time.
U-S—EPA has set
the drinking water
standard for chiordane at 0.002 parts
per
million (ppm) to reduce the
risk of cancer or other adverse health effects which have been
observed in laboratory
animals.
Drinking
water that meets the
U7S~—EPAstandard
is
associated
with little
to none of this risk and is considered safe with respect to chlordane.
31)
Dibromochloropropane
(DBCP).
The
United States
Environmental
Protection
Agency (U-S7
EPA) sets drinking water standards
and
has determined that
DBCP is a health concern at certain
levels of exposure.
This organic chemical was
once a popular pesticide.
When soil and climatic
conditions
are
favorable,
DBCP may get
into drinking
water
by
runoff into surface water or
by
leaching into
groundwater.
This chemical has been shown to cause cancer in laboratory
animals
such as
rats
and
mice when the animals are exposed at high levels over their
lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause cancer in laboratory
animals
also may increase
the risk of cancer in
humans
who are
exposed over long periods of time.
U.S~-EPAhas set
the drinking water
standard for DBCP
at 0.0002
parts per
million (ppm) to reduce the risk of cancer or other
adverse health effects which have been observed in laboratory
animals.
Drinking water that
meets the
U7S7-EPA
standard
is
associated
with little to none
of
this risk
and
is considered safe
with respect
to DBCP.
32)
o-Dichlorobenzene.
The
United States
Environmental
Protection Agency (U7S~-EPA)sets
drinking
water standards and has determined that o-dichlorobenzene is a health concern at
certain levels of exposure.
This
organic
chemical is used
as a solvent in the production of
pesticides
and
dyes.
It generally gets into
water by
improper waste
disposal.
This chemical has
been shown to damage
the liver,
kidney
and
the blood
cells of laboratory animals
such as
rats
and mice exposed to high levels during their lifetimes.
Some
industrial workers who were
exposed to
relatively large
amounts
of this chemical during working careers also suffered
damage to
the
liver, nervous system, and circulatory system.
U7S~—EPAhas set
the
drinldng
water standard for o-dichlorobenzene at 0.6 parts
per
million (ppm) to protect against the risk of
these adverse health effects.
Drinking
water that meets the
U7S~—EPAstandard
is associated
with
little
to
none of this risk and is considered
safe with respect
to o-dichlorobenzene.
33)
cis- 1 ,2-Dichloroethylene.
The
United
States
Environmental
Protection Agency
(U7S~—EPA)
establishes drinking water standards and has determined that cis-I ,2-dichloroethylene is a health
concern at certain levels of exposure.
This organic chemical is used as a solvent and
intermediate in chemical production.
It generally
gets into water by
improper waste
disposal.
This chemical has been shown to damage
the liver, nervous system,
and
circulatory system of
laboratory animals
such as
rats and mice
when exposed at high levels over their lifetimes.
Some
humans
who were exposed
to relatively large
amounts
of this chemical also suffered damage
to
the nervous system.
U7S—EPA
has set the drinking water standard for cis- 1 ,2-dichloroethylene
at 0.07
parts per
million
(ppm)
to protect against
the risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets theU7S—EPA standard is associated with little to none
of this risk and
is considered safe with respect to cis-1 ,2-dichloroethylene.
34)
trans-i
,2-Dichloroethylene.
The
United States
Environmental
Protection Agency (U7S~-EPA)
establishes drinking water standards
and has determined that trans-l ,2-dichloroethylene is a
health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This organic chemical is used
as a solvent
and
intermediate in chemical production.
It generally gets into water by
improper waste
disposal.
This chemical has been shown to damage
the liver, nervous system,
and the circulatory system
of laboratory
animals
such
as rats and mice when exposed at high levels
over their lifetimes.
114
Some humans who were
exposed
to relatively large amounts of this chemical
also suffered
damage
to the nervous system.
U7S7-EPA has set
the drinking water standard for
trans-i, 2-dichioroethylene
at 0.1 parts per
million (ppm) to protect
against
the risk of
these
adverse
health effects.
Drinking water that meets the
U7S~—EPAstandard is associated with little
to none of this risk
and
is considered safe with respect
to trans-i ,2-dichloroethylene.
35)
1,2-Dichloropropane. The United States
Environmental
Protection Agency
(U7S7-EPA) sets
drinking water standards
and
has determined that
1 ,2-dichloropropane
is a health concern at
certain levels of exposure.
This organic chemical is used
as a solvent
and pesticide.
When soil
and climatic conditions are favorable,
1 ,2-dichloropropane may get into
drinking
water by runoff
into surface water or by
leaching
into
groundwater.
It may also get
into
drinking water through
improper waste disposal.
This chemical has been shown to cause cancer in laboratory
animals
such
as
rats and mice when the animals are exposed at high levels over their
lifetimes.
Chemicals
that cause cancer in laboratory
animals also may increase
the
risk of cancer in
humans
who are exposed over long periods of time.
U-S7-EPA has set
the drinking water
standard for
I ,2-dichloropropane at 0.005 parts
per
million (ppm)
to reduce the risk of cancer
or
other adverse health effects which have been observed in laboratory
animals.
Drinking water
that meets the U7S~-EPAstandard
is
associated
with little to none of this risk
and
is considered
safe with respect to
1 ,2-dichloropropane.
36)
2,4-D.
This contaminant is
subject
to ai~
“additional State
requirement”.
The
supplier
shall give
the following notice if the level exceeds the Section
611.311 MCL.
If the
level exceeds the
Section
611.3 10
MCL,
but
not that of Section 611.311,
the supplier shall give a general notice
under
Section
611.854.
The
United States
Environmental
Protection Agency
(U7S~—EPA)
sets drinking
water standards
and has determined that 2,4-D
is a health concern
at certain levels of exposure.
This organic
chemical is used
as a herbicide
and
to control
algae
in reservoirs.
When soil
and climatic
conditions are favorable,
2,4-D may get
into drinking water by
runoff
into
surface water or
by
leaching
into
groundwater.
This chemical has been shown
to damage the liver
and kidney
of
laboratory animals
such
as rats exposed at
high
levels during their lifetimes.
Some
humans who
were exposed to relatively large amounts
of
this chemical also suffered damage
to the nervous
system.
U-S.-EPA has set the drinking water standard for
2,4-D at 0.07 parts per
million (ppm)
to protect against the risk of
these adverse
health
effects.
Drinking water that meets the
U7S7
EPA standard
is associated with little
to none of this risk and is considered
safe with respect to
2,4-D.
37)
Epichlorohydrin. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (U7S-EPA) sets drinking
water standards and has determined that epichlorohydrin
is a health concern at certain levels of
exposure.
Polymers made from epichlorohydrin are sometimes
used in the treatment of water
supplies
as a flc~cculentto remove
particulates.
Epichlorohydrin generally gets
into drinking
water by
improper use
of these polymers.
This chemical has been shown to cause cancer in
laboratory
animals such as
rats
and
mice when
the
animals
are exposed at high levels over their
lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause cancer in laboratory animals also may increase
the risk of
cancer in humans who are exposed over long periods of time.
U7S~-EPAhas set the drinking
water standard for epichlorohydrin using a treatment technique to reduce
the risk of cancer or
other adverse health effects which have been
observed in laboratory
animals.
This treatment
technique limits
the amount of epichlorohydrin in the polymer
and
the amount of the polymer
which may be added to drinking water
as a flocculent to remove particulates.
Drinking water
systems which comply
with this treatment technique have little
to no risk and are considered safe
with respect to epichlorohydrin.
115
38)
Ethylbenzene. The United States Environmental Protection
Agency
(U7S~—EPA)sets
drinking
water standards
and
has determined
ethylbenzene
is ahealth concern at certain
levels of
exposure.
This organic chemical is a major component of gasoline.
It generally gets into water
by
improper waste
disposal
or
leaking gasoline tanks.
This chemical has been shown to damage
the kidney, liver,
and nervous system
of laboratory
animals
such
as
rats exposed to high levels
during their lifetimes.
U7S.r-EPA
has set
the drinking water standard for ethylbenzene
at 0.7
parts
per
million
(ppm) to protect against
the risk of these
adverse health effects.
Drinking
water
that
meets
the
U-S—EPA standard
is associated with little to none
of this risk and is
considered safe
with respect to ethylbenzene.
39)
Ethylene dibromide
(EDB).
The
United States Environmental
Protection
Agency (U7S~-EPA)
sets drinking water standards
and
has determined that EDB is
a health concern at certain levels
of
exposure.
This organic chemical was
once a popular pesticide.
When soil
and
climatic
conditions are favorable,
EDB
may get
into
drinking water by
runoff into
surface water or by
leaching
into
groundwater.
This
chemical has been shown to cause cancer in laboratory
animals
such
as rats
and
mice when the animals
are exposed at high levels over their lifetimes.
Chemicals
that cause cancer in laboratory animals
also may increase
the risk of cancer in
humans
who
are exposed over long periods of
time.
U7S~-EPAhas set
the drinking water
standard for EDB at
0.00005
parts per
million (ppm) to reduce the risk of cancer or other
adverse health effects which have been observed in laboratory
animals.
Drinking water that
meets this standard
is associated with little to none of
this risk and is considered safe with
respect to EDB.
40)
Heptachlor.
This contaminant is subject
to an “additional State
requirement”.
The
supplier
shall
give the following notice if the
level exceeds the
Section
611.311
MCL.
If the level
exceeds the
Section
611.310 MCL,
but
not
that of Section
611.311, the supplier shall give a general notice
under
Section 611.854.
The United States
Environmental
Protection
Agency (U7S7-EPA) sets drinking water standards
and
has determined that heptachlor
is a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This
organic chemical was
once a popular pesticide.
When soil
and
climatic conditions are favorable,
heptachlor may get
into
drinking water by runoff into
surface water or by
leaching
into
groundwater.
This chemical has been shown to cause cancer in laboratory
animals
such
as rats
and mice
when the animals
are exposed at high levels over their
lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause
cancer in laboratory
animals also may increase
the
risk of cancer in humans who are exposed
over long periods
of time.
U7S—EPA has set
the
drinking water standards
for heptachlor at
0.0004
parts per million (ppm) to reduce
the risk of cancer or other adverse health effects which
have been observed in laboratory animals.
Drinking water that meets this standard
is associated
with little to none of this risk and is considered
safe with respect
to heptachlor.
41)
Heptachlor epoxide.
This contaminant is
subject
to an
“additional State
requirement”.
The
supplier
shall give the following notice if the level
exceeds
the Section
611.311
MCL.
If the
level exceeds the Section
611.310 MCL, but
not
that of Section
611.311,
the
supplier
shall give
a general notice under Section
611.854.
The United States
Environmental
Protection Agency
(U7S—EPA) sets
drinking
water standards
and
has determined
that heptachlor epoxide is a
health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This organic chemical was once
a popular pesticide.
When soil
and
climatic conditions are
favorable, heptachlor
epoxide
may get
into
drinking water by
runoff into
surface water or
by
leaching
into groundwater.
This chemical has been shown to cause cancer in laboratory
animals
116
such as
rats and mice when the animals
are exposed at high levels over their
lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause cancer in laboratory animals also may increase
the risk of cancer in
humans who are exposed over long periods of time.
U7S7-EPA has set the drinking water
standards
for heptachlor epoxide at
0.0002
parts per million (ppm) to reduce
the-risk of cancer
or other adverse health
effects
which have been observed in laboratory
animals.
Drinking water
that meets this
standard
is associated
with little to none of this risk
and
is considered safe with
respect to heptachior epoxide.
42)
Lindane.
The
United
States
Environmental
Protection Agency
(U7S-r-EPA) sets
drinking
water
standards
and
has determined that lindane is a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This
organic chemical is used as a pesticide.
When soil and climatic
conditions are favorable,
lindane
may get into drinking
water by
runoff
into
surface water or
by leaching
into
groundwater.
This
chemical has been shown to damage
the liver, kidney,
nervous system,
and immune system of
laboratory
animals
such
as rats, mice and dogs exposed at high levels during their lifetimes.
Some
humans
whowere exposed to relatively large amounts of this chemical also suffered
damage to the
nervous system
and
circulatory system.
U7S---EPA has established the
drinking
water standard for
lindane
at
0.0002 parts
per
million (ppm) to protect against
the risk of these
adverse health effects.
Drinking water that
meets the U-Sw-EPA
standard
is associated with little
to
none of this risk and is considered safe with respect
to
lindane.
43)
Methoxychlor. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (U7S.r-EPA) sets
drinking
water standards
and
has determined that methoxychlor is
a
health
concern at certain levels of
exposure.
This organic chemical is used as
a
pesticide. When soil and climatic conditions are
favorable, methoxychlor may get
into
drinking
water by
runoff
into surface
water or by
leaching
into groundwater.
This chemical has been shown to damage the liver, kidney, nervous system,
and reproductive system oflaboratory animals such as
rats exposed at high levels during their
lifetimes.
It has also been shown to produce growth retardation in rats.
U7Sr-EPA has set
the
drinking
water standard for methoxychlor at
0.04 parts
per million (ppm)
to
protect
against the
risk ofthese adverse health effects.
Drinking
water that
meets the U7S--EPA standard
is
associated
with little
to none of this risk and is considered safe with respect
to methoxychior.
44)
Monochlorobenzene.
The United States
Environmental Protection Agency
(U7S7-EPA)
sets
drinking
water standards and has determined that monochlorobenzene is a health concern at
certain
levels
ofexposure. This
organic
chemical
is used
as a solvent.
It generally gets into
water by improper waste
disposal.
This chemical has been shown to damage
the liver,
kidney
and nervous system
of laboratory
animals
such as
rats and mice exposed to high levels during
their lifetimes. U7&—EPA has set the
drinking
water standard for monochlorobenzene at0.1
parts per million
(ppm) to protect against the risk ofthese adverse health effects.
Drinking
water that
meets the
U7S~—EPAstandard
is associated with little
to none of this risk
and
is
considered
safe with respect to
monochlorobenzene.
45)
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).
The
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
(U7S7
EPA)
sets drinking water standards
and
has determined that polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
are a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
These organic chemicals were once widely
used
in electrical transformers
and
other industrial equipment.
They generally get
into
drinking
water by
improper waste
disposal
or
leaking electrical industrial equipment.
This chemical has
been shown to cause cancer in laboratory
animals
such
as rats and mice when the animals
are
exposed at high levels over their
lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause cancer in laboratory
animals
also may increase
the risk of cancer in humans who are exposed over long periods of time.
U7S-EPA has set
the drinking water standard for PCBs
at 0.0005 parts per
million (ppm) to
reduce the risk of cancer or other adverse health effects
which have been observed in laboratory
117
animals.
Drinking
water that meets this standard
is associated with little
to none
of this risk
and
is considered
safe with respect to PCBs.
46)
Pentachlorophenol.
The United States Environmental
Protection Agency (U7S~—EPA)sets
drinking water standards
and has determined that pentachlorophenol is a health concern at
certain levels of exposure.
This organic chemical is widely used
as a wood preservative,
herbicide, disinfectant,
and
defoliant.
It generally gets into
drinking water by
runoff into
surface
water or leaching
into groundwater.
This chemical has been shown
to produce
adverse
reproductive effects
and
to damage
the liver
and kidneys of laboratory
animals
such
as rats
and
mice when the animals are exposed at high levels over their lifetimes.
Some
humans
who were
exposed
to relatively large amounts
of
this chemical
also suffered
damage
to the liver
and
kidneys.
This chemical has been shown to cause cancer in
laboratory animals
such
as rats
and
mice when the animals are exposed at high levels over their
lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause
cancer in laboratory animals
also
may increase
the risk of cancer in humans
who are exposed
over long periods of time.
U7S~-EPAhas set
the drinking water standard for pentachlorophenol
at 0.001 parts per million (ppm) to reduce
the
risk of adverse health effects.
Drinking water that
meets this standard
is associated
with little
to none
of this risk
and
is considered safe with
respect to pentachlorophenol.
47)
Styrene.
The
United
States
Environmental Protection
Agency
(U7S7-EPA) sets drinking water
standards
and
has determined that styrene is a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This
organic chemical
is commonly
used
to make plastics
and is
sometimes
a component of resins
used
for drinking water treatment.
Styrene may
get into
drinking water from improper waste
disposal.
This chemical
has
been shown to damage the liver
and
nervous system in laboratory
animals when exposed at high levels during their
lifetimes.
U7S~—EPA
has
set
the
drinking water
standard
for styrene
at 0.1 parts per
million (ppm) to protect
against the risk of
these adverse
health effects.
Drinking water that meets the
U7S-~—EPAstandard
is
associated with little to none
of
this risk and
is considered safe with respect
to styrene.
48)
Tetrachloroethylene.
The United States
Environmental
Protection
Agency (U7S~-EPA)sets
drinking
water standards and has determined that tetrachioroethylene is a health concern at
certain levels ofexposure.
This organic chemical has been a popular solvent, particularly for
dry cleaning.
It generally gets into
drinking
water by
improper
waste
disposal.
This chemical
has been shown to cause cancer in
laboratory
animals
such
as rats
and mice when the animals
are exposed at high levels over their
lifetimes. Chemicals that cause cancer in laboratory animals
also may
increase
the
risk of cancer in humans who are exposed over long periods of time.
U7S~-EPAhas set
the drinking water standard for tetrachioroethylene at 0.005 parts per
million
(ppm) to
reduce the risk of cancer or other adverse health effects which have been observed in
laboratory animals.
Drinking water that meets this standard
is associated
with little
to none
of
this risk and is considered safe with respect to tetrachloroethylene.
49)
Toluene.
The
United States
Environmental
Protection
Agency (U7S~-EPA)sets drinking water
standards
and
has determined that toluene is a~health
concern at certain levels of exposure.
This
organic chemical is used
as
a solvent
and
in the manufacture of gasoline for airplanes.
It
generally gets into water by
improper
waste
disposal or leaking underground storage tanks.
This
chemical has been shown to damage
the kidney, nervous system,
and circulatory system of
laboratory animals
such
as
rats and mice
exposed
to high levels during their lifetimes.
Some
industrial workers who were exposed
to relatively large amounts of this chemical during
working careers also suffered
damage
to the liver,
kidney
and
nervous system.
U7S~-EPAhas
set
the drinking water standard for toluene at
1
part per million (ppm) to protect against the risk
118
of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets the
U7S~—EPAstandard
is
associated
with little
to none
of this risk
and
is considered
safe with respect to toluene.
50)
Toxaphene.
The
United States
Environmental
Protection
Agency (U7S~-EPA)sets drinking
water standards
and
has determined that toxaphene
is a health concern at certain levels of
exposure.
This organic chemical
was
once a pesticide
widely used
on cotton, corn,
soybeans,
pineapples
and
other crops.
When
soil and climatic conditions
are favorable, toxaphene may get
into drinking water by runoff into
surface water or
by
leaching
into
groundwater.
This chemical
has
been shown to cause cancer in laboratory
animals
such as
rats
and
mice whenthe
animals
are exposed at high levels over their
lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause cancer in laboratory animals
also may increase
the risk of cancer in humans
who are exposed over long periods of
time.
U~S-r.EPAhas set
the drinking water standard for toxaphene at
0.003
parts per
million (ppm) to
reduce the risk of cancer or other adverse health effects which have been observed in laboratory
animals.
Drinking water that meets this standard
is associated
with little
to none of this risk and
is considered safe with respect to toxaphene.
51)
2,4,5-TP.
The
United States
Environmental
Protection
Agency (U7S~-EPA)sets drinking water
standards and has determined that
2,4,5-TP
is a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This organic chemical is used
as a herbicide.
When soil and climatic conditions are favorable,
2,4,5-TP may get
into drinking water by runoff into
surface
water or by
leaching
into
groundwater.
This chemical has been shown to damage
the liver
and kidney of laboratory
animals
such
as rats
and
dogs exposed
to high levels during their
lifetimes.
Some
industrial
workers
who were exposed to relatively large amounts
of this chemical during working careers
also suffered
damage
to the nervous system.
U7S~-EPA
has
set the drinking water standard for
2,4,5-TP
at 0.05 parts per
million (ppm) to protect against the risk of these adverse health
effects.
Drinking water that meets the
U-S—EPA
standard
is associated with little to none of
this
risk
and
is considered safe with respect
to 2,4,5-TP.
52)
Xylenes.
The
United
States
Environmental Protection Agency
(U7S.-EPA)
sets drinking water
standards
and
has determined that
xylene
is a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This
organic chemical is used
in the manufacture of gasoline for airplanes
and
as a solvent for
pesticides,
and as a cleaner
and
degreaser of metals.
It usually gets into water by
improper waste
disposal. This chemical has been shown to damage
the
liver, kidney
and
nervous system of
laboratory
animals
such as rats and dogs exposed to high
levels during their lifetimes.
Some
humans who were exposed to relatively large amounts
of this chemical also suffered
damage to
the nervous system.
U7S-EPA
has set the drinking water standard for xylene at
10 parts per
million (ppm) to protect against the risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water that
meets the U7S.-EPA standard
is associated with little
to none
of this risk and is considered safe
with respect to xylene.
53)
Antimony.
The
United States Environmental
Protection
Agency
(U7S7-EPA) sets drinking water
standards and has determined that
antimony is a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This
inorganic chemical occurs
naturally in soils, ground-water,
and
surface water and
is
often
used
in the
flame
retardant industry.
It is also used
in ceramics
and glass, batteries,
fireworks,
and
explosives.
It may get into drinking water
through
natural weathering of rock,
industrial
production, municipal
waste disposal,
or manufacturing processes.
This chemical has been
shown to decrease longevity, and
altered blood
levels of cholesterol
and
glucose in laboratory
animals
such
as rats exposed
to high levels during their lifetimes.
U7S.~—EPAhas set the drinking
water standard for antimony at 0.006 parts per million (ppm) to protect against the risk of these
adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets the U7S~-EPAstandard is
associated with little
to none of this risk and is considered safe with respect to antimony.
119
54)
Beryllium.
The
United
States Environmental
Protection
Agency
(U7S7-EPA) sets drinking water
standards and has determined that beryllium is a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This inorganic chemical
occurs naturally
in soils,
ground-water,
and
surface water
and
is often
used
in electrical equipment
and
electrical components.
It generally gets into water from runoff
from mining operations,
discharge
from processing
plants,
and
improper waste
disposal.
Beryllium compounds have been associated with damage
to the bones
and
lungs and induction of
cancer in laboratory
animals
such as
rats and mice when the animals
are exposed to high levels
during their
lifetimes.
There is limited evidence to suggest
that beryllium may pose a cancer
risk via
drinking
water exposure.
Therefore,
U-S7-EPA based
the
health assessment on
noncancer
effects with and extra uncertainty factor to account
for possible
carcinogenicity.
Chemicals
that cause cancer in laboratory
animals also may increase
the risk of cancer in
humans who are
exposed over long periods of time.
U7S-~-EPA
has set
the drinking water
standard for beryllium at 0.004 parts per
million (ppm)
to protect against the risk of these
adverse health
effects.
Drinking water that meets
the
U7S~-EPAstandard is associated with little
to none of this risk
and
is considered safe with respect
to beryllium.
55)
Cyanide.
The
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency (U7S~-EPA)
sets drinking water
standards and has determined that cyanide
is a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This
inorganic chemical is used
in electroplating,
steel processing, plastics, synthetic fabrics,
and
fertilizer products.
It usually gets into
water as a result of improper waste
disposal.
This
chemical has been
shown to damage
the spleen, brain,
and
liver
of humans
fatally poisoned with
cyanide.
U7S~-.EPA
has set
the
drinking water standard for cyanide at 0.2 parts per
million
(ppm) to protect against
the risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water that
meets the
U-S.~-EPAstandard is associated with little
to none
of this
risk
and
is considered safe with
respect to cyanide.
56)
Nickel.
The
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency (U.S.
EPA)
sets
drinking
water
standards and has
determined
uiai
~u~.iu~i
i~
a
ut~uui
concern
at
~wtaut
icvw~ w
uxpu~.uic.
This
inorganic
chemical occurs
naturally
in soils, ground water,
and
surface water
and
is often used
in electroplating,
stainless
stccl,
and alloy
products.
It generally
gets into v.’ater
from mining
and refining operations.
This chemical has
been shown to damage
the
heart and
liver in
laboratory
animals when the
animals
are
exposed
to high levels over their
lifetimes.
U.S.
EPA
has
set the
drinking
water
standard at0.
1
parts per
million (ppm) for nickel to protect against
the
risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinkinn
water that meets the U.S.
EPA
standard
is
associated with little
to none of this risk
and
is considered safe with resnect
subsection corresponds with
40 CFR
141
.32(e)(56)
marked
“reserved”
bY USEPA.
This
statement
maintains
structural consistency with USEPA rules.
57)
Thallium.
The
United States
Environmental
Protection Agency
(U7S~-.EPA)sets drinking water
standards
and
has determined that thallium is a health concern at certain high levels of exposure.
This inorganic
chemical occurs naturally
in soils, ground-water,
and surface water and is used
in electronics, pharmaceuticals,
and the manufacture of glass
and
alloys.
This chemical has
been shown to damage
the
kidney,
liver, brain,
and
intestines of laboratory
animals when the
animals
are
exposed to high levels during
their lifetimes.
U7S7-EPA has set the
drinking
water
standard
for thallium at 0.002 parts per
million (ppm) to protect against the risk of these adverse
health effects.
Drinking water that meets the
U7S~—EPAstandard
is associated with little
to none
of this risk
and
is considered safe with respect to thallium.
58)
Benzo(a)pyrene.
The
United States Environmental Protection Agency (U7S~-EPA)sets drinking
water standards
and
has determined that benzo(a)pyrene is a health concern at certain levels of
120
exposure.
Cigarette smoke
and
charbroiled
meats are common sources of general exposure.
The
major source of benzo(a)pyrene in drinking
water is the leaching from coal
tar
lining and
sealants
in water storage tanks.
This chemical has been shown to cause cancer in animals
such
as
rats
and
mice when the animals are exposed
to high levels.
U~S~—EPA
has set
the drinking
water standard for benzo(a)pyrene at 0.0002 parts per million (ppm) to protect against
the risk of
cancer.
Drinking water that meets
the
U-~S~-EPA
standard
is associated
with little to
none of this
risk
and
is
considered safe with respect to benzo(a)pyrene.
59)
Dalapon.
The
United States
Environmental
Protection
Agency (U~S—EPA)
sets drinking water
standards
and
has determined that dalapon is a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This
organic chemical is a widely used herbicide.
It may get
into drinking water after application to
control
grasses in crops,
drainage ditches,
and
along railroads.
This chemical has been
associated with damage
to the
kidney
and liver
in laboratory animals
when the
animals
are
exposed
to high levels during their
lifetimes.
U..S-~-EPAhas set
the drinking water standard for
dalapon at 0.2 parts per
million (ppm) to protect against
the risk of
these adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets the
U-~.S.—EPAstandard
is associated with little
to none of this risk
and is considered
safe with respect
to dalapon.
60)
Dichloromethane.
The
United
States Environmental Protection Agency (U?S-EPA) sets
drinking water standards and has determined that dichioromethane (methylene chloride) is a
health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This organic chemical is a widely used
solvent.
It
is used in the manufacture of paint
remover,
as a metal degreaser,
and
as
an aerosol propellant.
It
generally gets into water after
improper discharge
of waste
disposal.
This chemical has been
shown to cause cancer in laboratory
animals such
as rats and mice when the animals
are
exposed
to high levels during their lifetimes.
Chemicals
that cause cancer in laboratory
animals also may
increase
the risk of cancer in humans
who
are
exposed over long periods of time.
UTS~—EPAhas
set the
drinking
water standard
for dichloromethane at 0.005 parts per
million (ppm) to protect
against
the risk of cancer or other adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets the U~S~
EPA standard is associated with little
to none
of this risk and is considered safe with respect
to
dichloromethane.
61)
Di(2-ethythexyl)adipate.
The United
States Environmental
Protection
Agency
(U-St-EPA)
sets
drinking water
standards and has determined that di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate
is a
health
concern at
certain levels of exposure.
Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate
is a widely used plasticizer in a variety of
products, including synthetic rubber,
food
packaging
materials,
and
cosmetics.
It may get into
drinking water after improper waste disposal.
This chemical has been shown to damage
the
liver
and
testes in laboratory
animals
such as
rats
and
mice when the animals
are
exposed to high
levels.
U~.S~-EPA
has set the
drinking
water standard for di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate at 0.4 parts per
million (ppm) to protect against the risk of adverse health effects that have been observed in
laboratory
animals.
Drinking water that meets the
U~S---EPA
standard
is associated with little
to
none of this risk
and
is considered safe with respect to di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate.
62)
Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate.
The
United States Environmental
Protection Agency
(U~S~—EPA)
sets
drinking water standards and has determined that di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate is a health concern at
certain
levels of exposure.
Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate is a widely used plasticizer, which
is
primarily used
in the production
of polyvinyl
chloride
(PVC) resins.
It may
get into
drinking
water after improper waste
disposal.
This chemical has been shown to cause cancer in
laboratory
animals
such
as rats
and
mice when the
animals
are exposed to high levels
during
their lifetimes.
U~S.-EPAhas set the drinking water standard for di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate at
0.006 parts per million (ppm) to protect against the risk of cancer or other adverse health effects
which have been abserved
in laboratory
animals.
Drinking water that meets the U7S~r-EPA
121
standard is associated
with little to none of
this risk and is considered safe with respect
to di-
(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate.
63)
Dinoseb.
The
United States
Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S~—EPA)sets drinking water
standards
and
has determined that dinoseb is a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
Dinoseb is a widely used pesticide
and
generally gets into water after
application on orchards,
vineyards, and other crops.
This
chemical has been
shown to damage
the thyroid and
reproductive organs in laboratory animals
such as
rats exposed to high levels.
U-S~-EPA
has set
the drinking water standard for dinoseb at
0.007
parts per
million
(ppm) to protect against
the
risk of
these adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets the U-S--EPA standard
is
associated with little
to none
of this risk and is considered safe with respect to dinoseb.
64)
Diquat.
The
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
(U~S~—EPA)
sets drinking water
standards and has determined that diquat is a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This
organic chemical
is a herbicide used
to control
terrestrial
and
aquatic weeds.
It may get into
drinking water
by
runoff into surface water.
This chemical has been shown to damage the liver,
kidney, and
gastrointestinal tract and causes cataract
formation in laboratory
animals
such
as
dogs
and
rats exposed athigh levels over their
lifetimes.
U-S~-EPAhas set the drinking water
standard for diquat at 0.02 parts
per
million (ppm) to protect against
the risk of these adverse
health effects.
Drinking water that meets the U-S—EPA standard
is associated with little to none
of this risk and
is considered safe with respect
to diquat.
65)
Endothall.
The United States
Environmental
Protection Agency
(U~S—EPA)sets drinking water
standards and has determined that endothall is a health concernat certain levels of exposure.
This organic chemical is a herbicide used
to control
terrestrial
and
aquatic weeds.
It may get
into
drinking
water by
runoff into
surface water.
This chemical has been shown to damage
the
liver, kidney, gastrointestinal tract,
and reproductive
system of laboratory animals such as
rats
and
mice exposed at high levels over their lifetimes.
U?S~-EPAhas
set the drinking water
standard for endothall at 0.1 parts per million (ppm) to protect against the risk of these adverse
health effects.
Drinking water that meets the
U-S~—EPAstandard
is associated with little to none
of
this risk
and
is considered safe with respect to endothall.
66)
Endrin.
The
United States
Environmental
Protection
Agency
(U.S.~.-EPA)sets drinking water
standards
and
has determined that endrin
is a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This
organic chemical is a pesticide no longer
registered
for use in the United States.
However,
this
pesticide
is
persistent
in treated soils
and
accumulates in sediments
and
aquatic
and
terrestrial
biota.
This chemical has been shown to cause damage
to the liver, kidney, and heart in
laboratory
animals
such as rats and mice
when the animals
are exposed
to high levels during
their
lifetimes.
U~S—EPAhas set the drinking water standard for endrin at 0.002 parts per
million (ppm) to protect against
the risk of
these adverse health effects
that have
been observed
in laboratory animals.
Drinking water that meets the
U-S~—EPA
standard
is associated with little
to none
of this risk and is
considered safe with respect
to endrin.
67)
Glyphosate.
The
United States
Environmental
Protection
Agency (U-S-EPA) sets drinking
water standards
and
has determined that glyphosate
is a health concern at certain
levels of
exposure.
This organic chemical is a herbicide used
to control grasses and weeds.
It may get
into drinking water by
runoff into
surface water.
This chemical has been shown to cause
damage
to the liver
and kidneys in
laboratory
animals
such
as rats and mice when the
animals
are exposed to high levels during their
lifetimes.
U-S-EPA has set the drinking water standard
for glyphosate
at 0.7 parts per
million (ppm) to protect against the
risk of these adverse health
122
effects.
Drinking water that meets the
U~S—EPAstandard is associated with little
to none of this
risk
and
is
considered
safe with respect to glyphosate.
68)
Hexachlorobenzene.
The
United States Environmental Protection
Agency (U?S--EPA)
sets
drinking
water standards
and
has determined that hexachlorobenzene
is a health concern at
certain levels of exposure.
This organic chemical is produced as
an impurity in the manufacture
of certain solvents
and pesticides.
This chemical has been shown to cause cancer in laboratory
animals
such as rats
and
mice when the animals
are exposed
to high levels during their lifetimes.
Chemicals
that cause cancer in laboratory
animals also may increase
the risk of cancer in
humans who are exposed over long periods of time.
U~S.r-EPA
has set
the drinking water
standard for hexachlorobenzene at 0.001
parts per
million (ppm) to protect against
the risk of
cancer and other adverse health effects.
Drinking water that
meets the
U.~S~.-EPA
standard
is
associated
with little to none of this
risk
and
is considered
safe with respect
to hexachioro-
benzene.
69)
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene.
The United States
Environmental Protection
Agency (U~S—EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that hexachiorocyclopentadiene is a health
concern at certain levels of exposure.
This organic chemical
is a used
as
an intermediate in the
manufacture of pesticides and flame
retardants.
It may get
into water
by
discharge
from
production facilities.
This chemical has been shown
to damage the kidney
and
the stomach of
laboratory
animals
when exposed to high levels during their
lifetimes.
U.S~—EPAhas set
the
drinking water standard for hexachlorocyclopentadiene at 0.05 parts per
million (ppm) to protect
against
the risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets the
U-S~—EPA
standard is associated
with little
to none of this risk and is considered safe with respect to hexa-
chiorocyclopentadiene.
70)
Oxamyl.
The
United States Environmental
Protection Agency
(U~S~—EPA)
sets drinking water
standards
and has determined that oxamyl
is a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This
organic chemical
is used
as a pesticide
for the control of insects
and
other pests.
It may get
into
drinking water by runoff into
surface water or
leaching
into
ground-water.
This chemical has
been shown to damage
the kidneys of laboratory
animals such as
rats when exposed
at high
levels during their
lifetimes.
U-i-S—EPA has set the drinking water standard for oxamyl at 0.2
parts per
million (ppm) to protect against the risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinicing
water that meets
the
U-S-~-EPAstandard
is associated
with little to none of this risk
and
is
considered safe with respect
to oxamyl.
71)
Picloram.
The
United States Environmental
Protection
Agency (U7S.-EPA)
sets drinking water
standards and has determined that pieloram
is a
health
concern at certain levels of exposure.
This organic chemical is used
as a pesticide for broadleaf weed control.
It may get into
drinking
water by
runoff into
surface water or
leaching
into
groundwater
as a result of pesticide
application and improper waste disposal.
This chemical has
been shown to cause damage
to the
kidneys
and
liver
in laboratory
animals
such
as rats
when the animals
are exposed
to high levels
during their
lifetimes.
U~.S—EPA
has set the drinking water standard for picloram at
0.5
parts
per
million (ppm) to protect against the risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water that
meets the U7S.-EPA standard is associated
with little
to none of this risk and is
considered safe
with respect
to pieloram.
72)
Simazine.
The
United States Environmental
Protection Agency (U~S~-EPA)
sets drinking water
standards and has determined that simazine is a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This organic chemical is a herbicide used
to control annual
grasses
and
broadleaf weeds.
It may
leach
into
groundwater or
run offinto surface water after
application.
This chemical may cause
123
cancer in laboratory
animals
such
as
rats and mice when the animals are
exposed to high levels
during their lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause cancer in laboratory animals also may increase the
risk of cancer in humans who are exposed over long periods of time. U-S.-EPAhas set the
drinking
water standard for simazine at
0.004 parts per
million (ppm) to reduce the risk of
cancer or
adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets the
U-S—EPA standard is associated
with little
to none of this
risk and
is
considered
safe with respect
to simazine.
73)
1 ,2,4-Trichlorobenzene.
The United States
Environmental Protection
Agency (U~S~-EPA)
sets
drinking
water standards and has determined that
1 ,2,4-trichlorobenzene
is a health concern at
certain levels of exposure.
This organic chemical is used
as a dye carrier and as a precursor in
herbicide manufacture.
It generally gets into
drinking water by
discharges from industrial
activities.
This chemical has
been shown to cause damage
to several
organs,
including the
adrenal
glands.
U-SI-EPA has set the drinking water standard for 1 ,2,4-trichlorobenzene
at 0.07
parts per
million (ppm) to protect against
the risk of these
adverse health effects.
Drinking
water that
meets the U.~5.~-EPA
standard
is associated with little to none of this risk
and
is
considered safe with respect
to
1,2,4-trichlorobenzene.
74)
1,1 ,2-Trichloroethane.
The
United States Environmental Protection
Agency (U~S1-EPA)sets
drinking water standards and has determined that
1,1 ,2-trichloroethane is a health concern at
certain levels of exposure.
This organic chemical
is
an intermediate in the production of
1,1
-
dichloroethylene.
It generally gets into
water
by
industrial discharge of wastes.
This chemical
has been shown to damage
the kidney and liver
of laboratory
animals
such
as rats exposed to
high levels during their lifetimes.
U.S1—EPA has set
the drinking water standard for
1,1,2-tn-
chioroethane at
0.005
parts per
million (ppm) to protect against
the risk of these adverse health
effects.
Drinking water that meets
the U~S~—EPA
standard is associated with little
to none
of this
risk and
is
considered
safe with respect
to
1,1 ,2-trichloroethane.
75)
2,3,7,8-TCDD
(dioxin).
The
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
(U7S1-EPA)
sets
drinking water standards and has determined that dioxin
is a health concern at certain levels of
exposure.
This organic chemical
is an
impurity in the production of some
pesticides.
It may get
into
drinking water by
industrial discharge of wastes.
This chemical has been shown to cause
cancer in laboratory
animals
such as
rats
and
mice when the animals are exposed to high levels
during their lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause cancer in
laboratory animals
also may increase
the
risk of cancer in humans who are exposed over long periods of time.
U-S—EPA has set
the
drinking water
standard for dioxin at 0.00000003
parts
per
million (ppm) to protect against
the
risk of cancer or other adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets the U~S1—EPAstandard
is associated with little
to none of this risk
and
is considered safe with respect to dioxin.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from
40 CFR
14 1.32(e) (l994~).
(Source:
Amended at 20
111.
Reg.
________,
effective
_______________________
Section 611 .Appendix B
Percent
Inactivation
of G.
Lamblia Cysts
TABLE
1.1
•
CT-99.9 FOR 99.9 PERCENT INACTIVATION
OF
GIARDIA
LAMBLIA
CYSTS
BY FREE CHLORINE AT 0.5 DEGREES C OR LOWER
These
CT values
achieve greater than a 99.99 percent inactivation of viruses.
CT
values between
the indicated
pH values
may be
determined by
linear
interpolation.
CT
values
between the indicated temperatures of different
124
tables may be determined by linear interpolation.
If no interpolation is used, use the CT 99.9 value at the lower
temperature
and
at the higher pH.
Free Residual
pH
(mg/L)
6.5
7.0
7.5
8,0
8.5 —~9.0
—?0.41
137
163
195
237
277
329
390
0.6
141
168
200
239
286
342
407
0.8
145
172
205
246
295
354
422
1.0
148
176
210
253
304
365
437
1.2
152
180
215
259
313
2376
451
1.4
155
184
221
266
321
387
464
1.6
157
189
226
273
329
397
477
1.8
162
193
231
279
338
407
489
2.0
165
197
236
286
346
417
500
2.2
169
201
242
297
353
426
511
2.4
172
205
247
2968
361
435
522
2.6
175
209
252
304
368
444
533
2.8
178
213
257
310
375
452
543
3.0
181
217
261
316
382
460
552
TABLE
1.2
CT-99.9 FOR 99.9
PERCENT INACTIVATION OF GIARDIA LAMBLIA CYSTS
BY FREE CHLORINE AT 5.0
DEGREES
C
These CT values
achieve
greater than a 99.99 percent inctivation
of viruses.
CT
values between the indicated pH
values
may be determined by
linear
interpolation.
CT
values
between
the
indicated temperatures of different
tables may
be determined by
linear interpolation.
If no
interpolation
is used, use the
CT 99.9 value at the lower
temperature and at the higher pH.
Free Residual
pH
(mg/L)
—~6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
—?9.0
97
117
139
166
198
236
279
0.6
100
120
143
171
204
244
291
0.8
103
122
146
175
210
252
301
1.0
105
125
149
179
216
260
312
1.2
107
127
152
183
221
267
320
1.4
109
130
155
187
227
274
329
1.6
lii
132
158
192
232
281
337
1.8
114
135
162
196
238
287
345
2.0
116
138
165
200
243
294
353
2.2
118
140
169
204
248
300
361
2.4
120
143
172
209
253
306
368
2.6
122
146
175
213
258
312
375
2.8
•
124
148
178
217
263
318
382
3.0
126
151
182
221
268
324
369
TABLE 1.3
CT-99.9 FOR 99.9
PERCENT INACTIVATION OF GIARDIA LAMBLIA CYSTS
BY FREE CHLORINE AT
10.0 DEGREES
C
125
These CT values
achieve
greater
than
a
99.99 percent inactivation of
viruses.
CT
values between the
indicated
pH values
may be determined by
linear
interpolation.
CT
values between the indicated temperatures of different
tables may be determined
by
linear
interpolation.
If no
interpolation is used,
use the
CT 99.9 value at the lower
temperature
and
at the higher pH.
Free Residual
pH
(mgfL)
—~6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
~9.0
73
88
104
125
149
177
209
0.6
75
90
107
128
153
183
2108
0.8
78
92
110
131
158
189
220k
1.0
79
94
112
134
162
195
234
1.2
80
95
114
137
166
200
240
1.4
82
98
116
140
170
206
247
1.6
83
99
119
144
174
211
253
1.8
86
101
122
147
179
215
259
2.0
87
104
124
150
182
221
265
2.2
89
105
127
153
186
225
271
2.4
90
107
129
157
190
230
276
2.6
92
110
131
160
194
234
281
2.8
93
111
134
163
197
239
287
3.0
95
113
137
166
201
243
292
TABLE
1.4
CT-99.9 FOR
99.9
PERCENT INACTIVATION
OF GIARDIA LAMBLIA CYSTS
BY FREE CHLORINE AT
15.0
DEGREES
C
These
CT values
achieve greater
than
a
99.99 percent inactivation of viruses.
CT values
between the indicated
pH values may be determined by linear
interpolation.
CT values
between the indicated temperatures of different
tables may be determined by
linear
interpolation.
If no interpolation
is used, use the
CT 99.9 value at the lower
temperature and at the higher pH.
Free Residual
pH
(mg/L)
—~6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
—~9.0
49
59
70
83
99
118
140
0.6
50
60
72
86
102
122
146
0.8
52
61
73
88
105
126
151
1.0
53
63
75
90
108
130
156
1.2
54
64
76
92
111
134
160
1.4
55
65
78
94
114
137
165
1.6
56
66
79
96
116
141
169
1.8
57
68
81
•
968
119
144
173
2.0
58
69
83
100
122
147
177
2.2
59
70
85
102
124
150
181
2.4
60
72
86
105
127
153
184
2.6
61
73
88
107
129
156
188
2.8
62
74
89
109
132
159
191
3.0
63
76
91
111
134
162
195
126
TABLE
1.5
CT-99.9 FOR 99.9 PERCENT INACTIVATION
OF
GIARDIA LAMBLIA
CYSTS
BY FREE CHLORINE AT
20
DEGREES C
These CT
values
achieve greater than a 99.99 percent inactivation of viruses.
CT
values between the indicated
pH values
may be determined
by
linear
interpolation.
CT
values
between the indicated temperatures of different
tables may be determined by linear
interpolation.
If no interpolation
is used, use the
CT
99.9
value at
the
lower
temperature
and
at
the
higher pH.
Free Residual
pH
(mg/L)
—~6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
~9.0
36
44
52
62
74
89
105
0.6
38
45
54
64
77
92
109
0.8
39
46
55
66
79
95
113
1.0
39
47
56
67
81
98
117
1.2
40
48
57
69
83
100
120
1.4
41
49
58
70
85
103
123
1.6
42
50
59
72
87
105
126
1.8
43
51
61
74
89
108
129
2.0
44
52
62
75
91
110
132
2.2
44
53
63
77
93
113
135
2.4
45
54
65
78
95
115
138
2.6
46
55
66
80
97
117
141
2.8
47
56
67
81
99
119
143
3.0
47
57
68
83
101
122
146
TABLE 1.6
CT-99.9 FOR 99.9 PERCENT INACTIVATION OF
GIARDIA LAMBLIA CYSTS
BY FREE CHLORINE AT 25
DEGREES
C
AND HIGHER
These
CT
values
achieve greater than a 99.99 percent
inactivation of viruses.
CT
values
between the indicated
pH values
may be determined by
linear interpolation.
CT values between the indicated temperatures of different
tables
may be determined
by
linear
interpolation.
If no interpolation
is used, use the CT 99.9 value at the
lower
temperature and at the higher pH.
Free Residual
pH
(ing/L)
~6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
—~9.0
24
29
35
42
50
59
70
0.6
25
30
36
43
51
61
73
0.8
26
31
37
44
53
63
75
1.0
26
31
37
45
54
65
78
1.2
27
32
38
46
55
67
80
1.4
27
33
39
47
57
69
82
1.6
28
33
•
40
48
58
70
84
1.8
29
34
41
49
60
72
86
2.0
29
35
41
50
61
74
88
2.2
30
35
42
51
62
75
90
2.4
30
36
43
52
63
77
92
2.6
31
37
44
53
65
78
94
127
2.8
31
37
45
54
66
80
96
3.0
32
38
46
55
67
81
97
TABLE 2.1
CT-99.9FOR 99.9PERCENT INACTIVATION OF GIARDIALAMBLIA CYSTS
BY CHLORINE
DIOXIDE
ANDOZONE
These CT values
achieve greater than a 99.99 percent inactivation of viruses.
CT values between
the indicated
pH values may be determined by linear interpolation.
If no interpolation is used, use the
CT~value at the lower
temperature for determining CT~values
between
indicated temperatures.
—?l°C
5°C
10°C
15°C
20°C
25°C
Chlorine dioxide
63~
26?
23?
191.
151.
11-
Ozone
2.9
1.9
1.4
0.95
0.72
0.48
TABLE 3.1
CT-99.9 FOR 99.9PERCENT INACTIVATION OFGIARDIA LAMBLIA CYSTS
BY CHLORAMINES
These
values
are for pH values of 6 to 9.
These
CT
values
may be assumed to achieve
greater
than
a 99.99
percent
inactivationof
viruses
only if chlorine
is
added
and
mixed in the water prior
to the addition of ammonia.
If this
condition is
not
met,
the system must demonstrate, based on
on-site
studies or other information, as
approved by
the Agency,
that the system
is achieving at least a 99.99 percent
inactivation of viruses.
CT values
between the indicated temperatures may be determined by linear
interpolation.
If no
interpolation
is used, use the
CT~value at the lower
temoerature for determining CT~values
between indicated temperatures.
—?l°C
5°C
10°C
15°C
20°C ?25°C
Chloramines
3800?
22001.
1850?
15001.
11001.
7501.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from 40CFR 141.74(b) Tables, as
acoptea
iu ~‘i ren.
Reg. 27526, June 29, 19891.1
through 3.1
(1995).
(Source:
Amended at 20
111.
Reg.
,
effective
_______________________)
Section
611 .Table F
Number of Water Quality
Parameter Sampling Sites
System Size
Number of Sites
(Persons Served)
(Standard Monitoring)
(Reduced
Monitoring)
more than
100,000
25
10
10,001
to
100,000
10
7
3,301 to
10,000
3
3
501 to3,300
2
2
lOltoSOO
1
1
100
or fewer
1
1
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR
141.87(a)(2) and
(e) (1992).
(Source: Amended at 20
Ill. Reg.
________,
effective
_______________________)
•
128
I,
Dorothy
M.
Gunn,
Clerk of the Illinois Pollution ~~itrol
Board,~hereby
certify that
the above ~roposedopinion and order was adopted on the
IL.
day of~
,
1996, by
a
vote of
~
~.
0
~
Dorothy
?~.
Gunn,
Clerk
Illinois
P~5il1utionControl Board
