ILLINOIS POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD
March
16,
1995
IN THE MATTER OF:
)
SAFE DRINKING WATER ACT
)
R94—23
UPDATE,
LEAD AND
COPPER
)
(Identical-in—Substance Rules)
RULES CORRECTIONS, January 31
)
(Public Water Supplies)
through June,
30,
1994
)
IN THE MATTER OF:
)
)
SAFE DRINKING WATER ACT
)
R95-3
UPDATE, LEAD
AND
COPPER
)
(Identical-in-Substance Rules)
RULES CORRECTIONS, July
1
)
(Public Water Supplies)
through December,
31,
1994
)
Proposal for Public Comment.
PROPOSED OPINION AND ORDER OF THE BOARD
(by R.C. .Flemal):
SUMMARY
OF TODAY’S ACTION
Pursuant to Section 17.5 of the Environmental Protection Act
(Act), the Board today proposes to update its regulations that
are identical in substance to U.S. EPA regulations implementing
the Safe Drinking Water Act
(SDWA).
The Board rules are
contained in 35 Iii.
Adin. Code 611.
The text of the proposed
rules appears in the order segment of this document, following
the discussions.
Section 17,5 of the Act provides
for quick adoption of
regulations that are “identical in substance” to federal
regulations.
Section 17.5 provides that Title VII of the Act and
Section
5 of the Illinois Administrative Procedure Act
(APA)
shall not apply.
Because this rulemaking is not subject to
Section
5 of the APA
(5 ILCS 100/5-35 and 5-45),
it is not
subject to first notice requirements or second notice review by
the Joint Committee on Administrative Rules (JCAR).
As discussed more fully below, this rulemaking involves
revisions of the Illinois public water supply regulations.
It
includes the federal corrections to the lead and copper rules,
as
adopted by U.S. EPA on June 30,
1994 and a note to a recent
judicial decision,
that affects the implementation of those
rules.
PUBLIC COMMENTS
The Board requests public comments on this proposal.
The
Board will accept comments for 45 days after a Notice of Proposed
Amendments appears in the Illinois Register.
The Board will then
act promptly to adopt amendments based on the federal amendments
involved in this docket.
2
Interested persons should address their comments
to the
Clerk of the Board.
They should provide one original and nine
copies and reference docket number R94-23/R95-3 on the front of
each copy.
Direct all questions to Michael
J.
McCambridge,
at
312—814—6924.
ROUTINE DISCUSSIONS
At the end of the opinion segment of this document are two
routine discussions generally made a part of identical-in-
substance opinions.
The first
is
a summary of the history of the
Illinois SDWA identical-in—substance proceedings.
The second is
a summary of some of the conventions the Board uses in deriving
identical—in—substance rules.
We present those discussions for
general informational purposes.
FEDERAL ACTIONS COVERED BY THIS RULEMAKING
AND GENERAL DISCUSSION OF THE PRESENT ISSUES
The SDWA program was drawn from 40 CFR 141
(national primary
drinking water regulations or NPDWRs),
40 CFR 142
(NPDWRs
implementation),
and 40 CFR 143
(national secondary drinking
water regulations or NSDWRs).
The nominal update period of the
R94—23 docket
is from January
1,
1994 through June 30,
1994.
The
nominal update period of the R95—3 docket
is from July
1,
1994
through December 31,
1994.
U.S.
EPA amended its SDWA regulations
three times during the two update periods.
The federal actions
during the time—frame of this docket were as follows:
59 Fed.
Reg. 33860
(June 30,
1994)
(Lead and Copper
corrections)
59 Fed.
Reg. 34320
(July
1,
1994)
(Monitoring for
Unregulated Contaminants)
59 Fed.
Reg. 62470
(Dec.
5,
1994)
(Analytical Methods)
The amendments to the lead and copper rules,
adopted by U.S.
EPA on June 30,
1994, corrected typographical errors, clarified
language, and restored special primacy provisions inadvertently
omitted by U.S.
EPA in earlier rulemaking.
U.S. EPA stated that
it intended to clarify the regulations in order to simplify
implementation.
The amendments of July
1,
1994 similarly
corrected typographical errors, clarified language, and corrected
errors in regulatory text from U.S.
EPA’s stated intent in the
Phase
I, Phase II,
and Phase V rules.
The amendments of December
5,
1994 approved new and updated existing analytical methods.
Essentially, these last updates are intended to eliminate
multiple uses of procedures, which have resulted in the use of
multiple versions of methods for different purposes.
3
Another related aspect of this update concerns a judicial
challenge to the federal lead and copper regulations.
In
American Water Works Association
v.
EPA,
40 F.3d 1266
(D.C.
Cir.
1994), the federal appellate court vacated an aspect of a
definition instrumental to implementation of certain of the lead
and copper regulations.
Although the Board did not base
substantive amendments on the federal judicial decision, we added
a Board Note to the affected segment of the rules to indicate the
action and state its probable impact on the enforceability of the
affected rule.
4
CONSOLIDATION OF DOCKETS
Although the Board generally deals with each update batch
separately, we deal with them together in this instance because
it is expeditious for the Board and
it will avoid misleading the
public.
The present SDWA amendments of December 5,
1994 affect
some of the same provisions as the amendments of June 30,
1994.
In at least one key instance
(40 CFR 141.89(a)), the amendments
of December obviate the amendments of June.
Generally, where such an overlap of substance occurs, the
Board is inclined to pull the later amendments forward and deal
with them in the earlier docket.
This avoids duplication of
effort and confusion in the regulated community.
This often
allows dismissal of the later docket.
The Board is dealing with
the later amendments together with the earlier~amendments and did
not delay in this instance for the following reasons:
1)
The July
1 and December 5,
1994 amendments were directly
affected by the June 30,
1994 amendments; and
2)
Prompt action on the July
1 and December
5,
1994 amendments
will facilitate implementation of the regulations.
Although we are dealing with all amendments together, the Board
does not believe that outright dismissal of the later R95—3
docket is appropriate; the amendments are major in importance.
For these reasons, the Board has consolidated the two
proceedings,
in order to avoid any possible confusion and to
particularly draw the attention of the interested public to both
sets
of, amendments.
The Board also notes that the later amendments occurred
within six months of the earliest amendments included in this
docket, even if they occurred outside the nominal time—frame of
the docket.
DETAILED SECTION—BY-SECTION-ANALYSIS
The Board proposes amendments in response to these federal
actions.
The following detailed section-by—section discussion
focuses on the details of the actions taken.
Routine, General Amendments—-All Sections
The Board has performed a number of standard revisions to
the text of the federal rules.
The rationale behind many of
these
is discussed in the August
9,
1990 opinion and order in
docket R88-26
(Phase
I rules), and we will not repeat those
discussions here.
Others are so minor as to warrant no
explanation.
The standard changes are as follows:
5
1.
Where the federal rules require an action “by”
a certain
date,
the Board renders that as
“on or before” that date.
2.
We have changed various subsections to the active voice,
rather than following the federal use of the passive voice.
3.
We have updated all Board Notes to reflect the 1993 version
of the Code of Federal Regulations and to reference the June
30,
1994 Federal Register action, where appropriate.
4.
We have made a number of changes based on the unique
attributes of the Illinois regulatory, scheme and on certain
stylistic preferences,
as described in the Addendum re
Standardized Modifications of Federal Text at the end of
this opinion.
General Housekeeping Amendments
Completing a practice begun
in an earlier update docket,
the
Board changes all remaining references to the United States
Environmental Protection Agency to “U.S.
EPA” throughout the text
of the regulations.
This includes the redesignation of
“Inorganic Methods”
as “U.S.
EPA Inorganic Methods”.
This
occurred in Sections 611.100,
611.102,
611.110,
611.111,
611.112,
611.113, 611.130, 611.201,
611.212,
611.300,
611.301,
611.310,
611.311, 611.351, 611.359,
611.480,
611.490, 611.500,
611.510,
611.522,
611.523, 611.560,
611.600,
611.601,
611.605,
611.611,
611.612,
611.630, 611.646,
611.647,
611.648, 611.860,
611.Table
E,
and 611.Table
Z.
In many of these provisions, this is the
only amendment.
While the Board has traditionally waited until
Sections open for other amendments to make stylistic revisions
and minor corrections, we will make these changes now in order to
complete the change and make the regulations internally
consistent.
Further, since the volume of substantive amendments
is light
in this update,
it is convenient to make these changes
now.
A similar set of amendments relates to correction of
citations to the Illinois Compiled Statutes and the format of
those citations.
These corrections occurred at Sections 611.100,
611.10?, 611.125, and 611.220.
All citations to the older
Illinois Revised Statutes have been deleted where they appeared.
The statutory titles have been corrected at Sections 611.100,
611.125, and 611.220.
Other general amendments were ancillary to the substantive
amendments in this docket.
The following discussions
specifically highlight these amendments.
Definitions-—Section
611.101
U.S. EPA corrected 40 CFR 141.2 at 59
Fed. Reg.
34322
(July
6
1,
1994)
by amending one definition and adding another.
The
amendments to the definition of “initial compliance period”
related to citation format and correction
of
a cross—reference to
the list of inorganic chemical contaminants
(lOCs)
for which the
initial compliance period did not begin on January
1,
1993.
The
added definition was of “transient non—community water system”,
which U.S. EPA abbreviated as
“TWS”
and the Board abbreviated as
“transient non—CWS”.
Section 611.102 corresponds with 40 CFR 141.2.
There was no
amendment necessary to the definition of “initial compliance
period”
in the Illinois regulations.
The citation format and
citation corrections are meaningless because the Board inserted
the IOC names
in place of the cross-references when initially
adopting the definition.
The Board foresaw the need and added the definition of
“transient non-community water system” when initially adopting
the regulations, so the addition of the definition was
unnecessary.
However,
U.S.
EPA defined the term directly,
and
the Board’s
former definition appeared in terms of what a
transient non—CWS was not.
(It was not
a community waste system
and not a non—transient non—CWS.)
The definition is now amended
to use U.S. EPA’s language.
We note,
however, that
we
retained
our abbreviation for the term,
“transient non-CWS”, rather than
use the federal “TWS”,
because throughout the course of these
SDWA updates,
one consistent informal complaint expressed to
Board staff has related to the confusing over-use of
abbreviations.
For this same reason, we have deleted the former
abbreviation “TNCWS”, which appeared nowhere in the text of the
regulations but in this definition.
The Board invites comment on
our definitions of “initial compliance period” and “transient
non—community water system”.
Effective Dates—-Section 611.120
U.S. EPA amended 40 CFR 141.6(a) at 59
Fed. Reg. 34322
(July
1,
1994)
to correct the reference to the exceptions from the
general effective date and to correct a reference in one of the
exceptions.
It amended 40 CFR 141.60(a) (3)
at
59 Fed. Reg.
34324
(July
1,
1994)
to change the effective date for the MCL for
endrin from January 17,
1994 to August
17,
1992.
The Board has
an effective date reference at Section 611.120 that is
fundamentally different from the federal provision.
Without
regard to when the federal regulations become effective, the
Illinois regulations are effective at a later date:
when they
are filed with the Secretary of State.
That is the general rule
on effective dates recited
in Section 611.120.
Therefore,
amendments based on the federal corrections are unnecessary.
7
Special Primacy Reguirernents-—Section
611. 130
U.S. EPA added 40 CFR 142.16(d)
at 59
Fed.
Reg.
33864
(June
30,
1994).
This sets forth the special primacy requirements for
state lead and copper programs.
U.S. EPA explained that the
Phase II amendments of July 30,
1992 at 56 Fed. Reg. 3526
(Jan.
30,
1991)
erroneously deleted these provisions.
The recent
amendment restored them.
The Illinois regulations do not include a counterpart to 40
CFR 142.16 because such
a provision
is unnecessary.
This rule
applies only to the state,
and not to the regulated community.
Therefore,
no amendment is necessary based on this federal
action.
The
Board
invites comment on our approach to the lead
and copper special primacy requirements.
U.S. EPA corrected a reference to another agency’s
regulations
in 40 CFR 142.62(g) (2), at 59
Fed. Reg.
33864
(June
30,
1994).
The reference was to Food and Drug Administration
rules relating to the quality of bottled water.
The Board corrected the federal error in the original
adoption of corresponding Section 6l1.130(e)(4)(C).
Therefore,
the only amendment we make at this time is to update the citation
in the Board Note at the end of subsection
(e)
to include the
Federal Register citation to the federal amendments to 40 CFR
142.62(g).
The Board invites comment on the amendments to
Section 611.130(e).
Finally,
U.S. EPA corrected the listings of BAT in 40 CFR
142.62(a)
at 59 Fed.
Reg. 34325
(July
1,
1994).
40 CFR 142.62(a)
lists BAT for all contaminants for use in obtaining relief from
an MCL.
In the amendments,
U.S. EPA corrected the headings for
“PTA” and “GAC”,
removed PTA as BAT for alachior, corrected the
spelling of dalapon, and changed BAT for hexachlorobenzene from
OX to GAC.
These corrections prompted no substantive amendments
to the Illinois regulations,
since the Board never adopted the
table.
Rather,
as is explained in the Board Note to Section
611.130(c),
we relied on the listings of BAT at Sections 611.301
and 611.311 for the sake of consistency.
The only amendment
prompted by these corrections
is the deletion of the discussion
in the Board Note of the probable U.S. EPA error, since U.S. EPA
has now corrected that error.
The Board invites comment on the
Amendment to the Board Note to Section 611.130(c).
Inorganic MCLs and BAT--Section 611.301
U.S. EPA corrected the spelling of “ultraviolet” irradiation
best available treatment technologies
(BAT)
in the key to the BAT
codes in 40 CFR 141.62(c)
at
59 Fed. Reg.
34325
(July
1,
1994).
Since the Board corrected this misspelling in the original
adoption in R93-1,
no change was necessary based on this federal
8
action.
The Board invites comment on our action on Section
611
•
301.
Organic MCLs and BAT—-Section 611.311
U.S. EPA corrected 40 CFR 141.61 at
59 Fed. Reg.
34324—25
(July
1,
1994).
Subsection
(b)
lists all the BAT for each
contaminant.
U.S. EPA corrected the heading to the table by
removing “synthetic” because the table sets forth BAT for the
VOCS as well.
U.S.
EPA further corrected the table by
integrating the amendments of 57 Fed. Reg.
31846
(July 17,
1992)
into the pre—existing text.
The format of those amendments had
the effect of replacing the prior table,
rather than adding to
it.
Finally, U.S.
EPA corrected the MCL for aldicarb in
subsection
(c)
from 0.003 mg/i to 0.002 mg/i.
The only amendment necessary for the Board was the
correction of the aldicarb MCL at Section 611.311(c).
We
properly integrated the table when making the R93-1 amendments,
and we never included
a heading for the table,
so those
amendments were not necessary.
We
note,
however, that U.S.
EPA
indicated GAC as BAT for toxaphene.
Therefore, we remove the
Board Note at the end of subsection
(b) that discussed that based
on the preamble discussion of the rule,
U.S.
EPA apparently
intended GAC as BAT but used PTA in the text of the rule.
Since
U.S. EPA has now indicated its intent by removing PTA as BAT for
this contaminant,
that discussion is no longer necessary.
The
Board invites comment on our corrections to Section 311.611.
Applicability of Corrosion Control-—Section 611.351
U.S. EPA amended 40 CFR 141.81(c)
at
59
Fed.
Reg. 33862
(June 30,
1994)
by adding a sentence at the end of the
subsection.
This statement clarifies that a small—sized or
medium—sized system supplier must implement corrosion control
treatment when it exceeds the lead or copper action level, even
if the supplier is deemed to have optimized corrosion control.
U.S.
EPA stated at
59
Fed. Reg.
33861 that some persons were
confused at federal language in the second sentence of that
provision
(i.e., whether “any such water system” excluded the
small—sized or medium—sized system supplier).
The added sentence
makes it clear that this was not U.S. EPA’s intent.
35 Ill. Adm. Code 611.351(c) derives from 40 CFR 141.81(c).
In originally codifying subsection
(C), the Board divided it into
several subsections.
We further revised the language where it
was patently unclear.
As a consequence, we do not see that
subsection
(c) (2)
is subject to the interpretation that U.S. EPA
now deems wrong.
Nevertheless, the Board has added subsection
(c) (4) to embody the added federal clarifying language.
We note
that we have deviated from the federal language slightly,
in that
we have continued our use of “supplier”
in place of the federal
9
“system”.
The Board requests comment on our correction to
Section 611.351(c)
Lead Service Line Replacement——Section 611.354
U.S. EPA did not amend
40 CFR 141.84
in the present update
periods.
Rather, this provision was the subject of litigation
in
federal court that resulted in a decision during the time—frame.
The court in American Water Works Association v.
EPA,
40 F.3d
1266
(D.C.
Cir.
1994), vacated U.S. EPA’s definition of “control”
over a lead service connection to the extent it would require the
supplier to exert “control” over a privately—owned service
connection.
Under this decision,
U.S.
EPA cannot require a
supplier to replace a lead service line
if it lies on private
property.
This
is different from U.S.
EPA’s approach under 40
CFR 141.84(d), which requires replacement of a lead service
line
up to the building inlet unless it can demonstrate that it does
not control the line,
and 141.84(e), which presumes supplier
control over the service line in the absence of certain proofs by
the supplier to the contrary.
In past actions
(e.g.,
the federal stay of the aldicarb
MCLs), the Board has indicated actions that render federal
requirements less than fully enforceable.
Our statutory mandate,
under Section 17.5 of the Act, does not allow the Board to base
regulatory amendments on judicial or administrative decisions.
Rather, the Board explains the fault at the federal
level and
states our intent that no one interpret the Illinois regulation
more stringently than the corresponding federal regulation.
In
the present instance,
the Board followed this practice by stating
in the Board Note at Section 611.354(e) (2) (B)
that the Illinois
definition
of “control” over a service line should give the state
regulations the same effect as the federal definition gives the
U.S. EPA regulations.
The Board invites comment on our approach
to
the American Water Works case.
Water Quality Parameters-—Section 611.357
U.S. EPA amended 40 CFR 141.87 at 59
Fed. Reg.
33862
(June
30,
1994)
by revising the introductory text.
U.S. EPA explained
that as originally drafted, the possible interpretation was that
only large system suppliers that exceed the lead or copper action
level would need to sample for water quality parameters.
To
clarify that this was not its intent,
U.S. EPA added a comma
after “all large systems”
in the opening language.
As for Section 611.351(c), the Board clarified the
corresponding Illinois regulation in its original adoption.
In
this instance, the Board added the comma for the sake of clarity,
so no substantive amendment is necessary.
Therefore, the only
amendment is updating the end Board Note to include the Federal
Register citation to the federal amendment.
The Board requests
10
comment on our approach to Section 611.357.
Reporting Requirements—-Section 611.360
U.S.
EPA clarified 40 CFR 141.90(g) to expressly allow
10
days for reporting data on additional monitoring.
U.S. EPA
stated that
it originally expressly stated the 10—day limit with
regard to reporting other monitoring data elsewhere in this
section,
and that the lack of a 10—day limit for additional
monitoring was potentially confusing.
The Board amended Section 611.360(g)
to reflect the federal
10—day limit.
The only amendment that deviates from the federal
amendments is the addition of the word “of” at the beginning of
this subsection to correspond with its appearance
in the federal
base text.
The Board invites comment on the amendments to
Section 611.360.
Updated Analytical Methods and Corrected Inorganic and
Microbiological Monitoring Requirements-—Sections
611. 102,
611.359,
611.526,
611.531,
611.611
& 611.612
U.S. EPA amended the chart and introductory text of 40 CFR
141.89(a)
at 59 Fed. Reg.
33862
(June
30,
1994).
The amendments
were intended to correct typographical errors in the methods for
orthophosphate.
U.S.
EPA also used the opportunity to revise the
methods references to the latest versions of its own methods
manuals, Standard Methods,
and ASTM references.
Finally,
U.S.
EPA sought to clarify the practical quantitation levels
(PQLs)
for lead and copper in 40 CFR 141.89 (a) (1) (ii).
This also
consolidated and changed the language describing reporting lead
and copper levels in that paragraph.
The Board amended the appropriate incorporations by
references
in Section 611.102 and the methods listed
in Section
611.359 to correspond with the federal amendments.
This required
the addition and deletion of methods incorporated in Section
611.102, and revisions to the stated availability of some
documents.
As
is explained more fully below,
U.S. EPA
consolidated the analytical methods for the lead and copper
program into the inorganic methods
in 40 CFR 141.23(k), at 59
Fed. Reg. 62466 and 62470
(Dec.
5,
1994).
The Board followed the
federal lead and consolidated the methods in corresponding
Section 611.611(a).
This leaves a cross—reference at Section
611.359(a)
to Section 611.611(a)
for the methods.
As to the changes to define PQLs and reporting lead and
copper levels, the Board has effected the federal amendments with
minor deviation.
We added the PQL definitions as parenthetical
language in Sections 61l.359(a)(1)(B)(i)
and (a)(l)(B)(ii) to
make these both a single sentence that fits more neatly into the
11
broader structure of subsection
(a) (1) (B).
We also added the
PQLs as parenthetical language in subsection
(a) (3)
and added the
words “lead and copper”
for the sake of clarity at that
subsection.
Since the Board previously added
a definition of PQL
to Section 611.350(b)
based on the Federal Register preamble
discussion of this concept,
we revised the Board Note reference
to cite the regulatory amendment as the source of this
definition.
The Board invites comment on the amendments to
Section 611.359.
U.S. EPA amended 40 CFR 141.21(f)
at
59 Fed. Reg. 62466
(Dec.
5,
1994).
This provision sets forth the microbiological
analytical procedures
for coliform bacteria.
The amendments
updated the existing methods, each of which
is referenced
in the
new 18th edition of Standard Methods, including the colilert
test,
formerly available from Environetics,
Inc.
U.S. EPA also
approved a new test for the simultaneous detection of total
coliforms and E.
Coli,
the “colisure test”, available from
Millipore Corp.
U.S. EPA amended 141.74(a)
at
59 Fed. Reg.
62470
(Dec.
5,
1994), which sets forth the analytical and monitoring
requirements for demonstrating compliance with the filtration and
disinfection requirements.
U.S. EPA updated the methods to the
18th edition of Standard Methods for total coliforms,
fecal
coliforms, heterotrophic bacteria,
free chlorine, total chlorine,
chlorine dioxide,
and ozone,
including the addition of 4500-Cl
E,
for total chlorine.
A method from “Methods for the Determination
of Inorganic Substances in Environmental Samples”
(abbreviated in
the rules as “U.S.
EPA Environmental Inorganics Methods”) and one
from Great Lakes Instruments,
Inc.
(GLI) were approved for
turbidity measurement.
Section 611.526 of the Illinois regulations derives from 40
CFR 141.21(f),
and Section 611.531 derives from 40 CFR 141.74(a).
The Board followed the federal microbiological, turbidity,
and
residual disinfectant methods amendments
in Sections 611.526 and
611.531.
We added the appropriate methods referenced by U.S. EPA
to the incorporations by reference in Section 611.102.
For this
reason, we added definitions in Section 611.102(a)
for “couisure
test” and “ONGP-MUG test”
(by amending the former definition of
“MMO—MUG test”).
In subsection
(b), the Board has added the
appropriate methods,
but we have also deleted the following,
having not found their surviving use elsewhere in the
regulations:
Standard Methods
(14th ed.):
Method 214A;
Standard
Methods (16th ed):
Methods 212,
214A,
408C through 408F,
410 B
and C,
907A,
908 through 908E, and 909 through 9098; Standard
Methods (17th ed.):
2320,
2510,
2500,
and 4500—03;
“Microbiological Methods for Monitoring the Environment, Water
and Wastes”, and the reference to Environetics,
Inc. for the
colilert test.
The Board invites comment on our update to the
12
analytical methods of Sections 611.526 and 611.531.
As already mentioned,
the amendments at 59 Fed.
Reg.
62466
(Dec.
5,
1994)
consolidated the inorganic chemical contaminant,
lead and copper,
and sodium analytical methods into 40 CFR
141.23(k) (1),
in a single table.
U.S. EPA simultaneously amended
40 CFR 141.41(d)
(special monitoring for sodium) and 141.89(a)
to
replace the methods formerly listed at those locations with
cross—references to the table of methods.
Many of the methods
appear as updated versions of the same methods, with updates
references,
and some are approvals of newer methods.
U.S.
EPA amended 40 CFR 141.23 at 59
Fed.
Reg.
34323
(July
1,
1994)
to make corrections to the text.
One correction was the
consolidation of the two listings of inorganic methods,
in former
paragraphs
(k) (1)
and
(k) (4),
into a single table by the deletion
of former paragraph
(k) (1)
and the renumbering of former
paragraph
(k) (4)
to paragraph
(k) (1).
The corrections to
paragraphs
(a) (1)
and
(a) (2)
replaced references to “the
compliance period beginning January
1,
1993” to “the initial
compliance period”.
The corrections
to paragraphs
(a)(5),
(f) (1),
and
(i) (2)
added antimony, beryllium, cyanide,
nickel,
and thallium to the list of inorganic contaminants for which a
supplier must monitor.
The corrections to the table of methods
at paragraph
(a) (4) (i) corrected the listings for the atomic
absorption platform furnace method and removed a redundant
footnote to the concentration method for Method 200.7A because
the concentration method was already a part of the method.
At
paragraph
(c) (1),
U.S. EPA corrected “once every three years” to
“during each compliance period”.
Finally,
at a handful of
locations, paragraphs
(c) (5) (iii),
(i) (1),
(i) (2),
(k) (1), and
(q)(3),
U.S. EPA corrected grammar and spelling errors.
The Board made the federal corrections to 40 CFR 141.23
in
the corresponding provisions where necessary.
Since the Board
made some of the corrections in the original adoption of the
regulations, those corrections are unnecessary now.
We amended
the table of detection limits in Section 611.600(d)
to delete the
concentration method of 200.7A;
all others of the corrections to
the table were made in initial adoption.
The Board followed the
federal corrections and substituted “during each compliance
period” for “every three years” at Section 6l1.603(á)(l).
We
corrected Section 611.606(a)
to add antimony, beryllium,
cyanide,
nickel, and thallium.
Although not prompted directly by a
parallel federal amendment,
the Board added these five
contaminants to the listing in Section 611.603(g).
We also
changed “and” to “or” at Section 611.609(a)
and
(b), having
already made the other corrections to these provisions.
The
extensive renumbering of Section 611.611 was unnecessary, partly
because the initial deviation in structure from 40 CFR 141.23(k),
and partly because the amendments of December 5,
1994 further
caused renumbering by deletion of provisions.
The
Board invites
13
comment on our approach to the corrections
to Sections 611.600,
611.601,
611.603,
611.609,
and 611.611.
The Board amended Sections 611.359(a),
611.611(a),
and
611.630(d)
to correspond with the federal amendments.
Where the
use
of an updated reference or method supplants the use of
earlier editions,
the Board made the appropriate additions and
deletions at Section 611.102.
In the course of making these
amendments, we relied on federal amendments to the methods for
the secondary MCLs at 40 CFR 143.4(b),
at 59 Fed. Reg. 62470
(Dec.
5,
1994),
to update the analytical methods for the state—
only MCLS for iron, manganese,
and zinc at Section 611.612(f).
Again,
we then deleted the references
in Section 611.102 to the
older methods.
The Board invites comment on our approach to the
inorganic analytical methods of Sections 611.611 and 611.612 and
the incorporations by reference in Section 611.102.
U.S. EPA amended the special monitoring provision of Section
141.40 at
59 Fed.
Req.
62469
(Dec.
5,
1994)
.
The only
unregulated inorganic contaminant is sulfate.
U.S. EPA used a
cross reference to the methods for secondary contaminants at 40
CFR 143.4(b),
as amended at
59 Fed.
Reg.
62471,
for the methods
for sulfate.
The methods used were from the reference called
“U.S. EPA Environmental Inorganic Methods” by the Board, from
ASTM,
and from Standard Methods
(18th ed.).
The Board codified
these at Section 611.510(b)(12).
The Board invites comment on
our codification of the methods for the inorganic unregulated
contaminant at Section 611.510.
Updated Analytical Methods and Corrected Organic Monitoring
Requirements——Sections 611.641,
611.642, 611.645, 611.646,
611.648
& 611.685
U.S. EPA corrected 40 CFR 141.24 at 59 Fed. Reg.
34323
(July
1,
1994)
and updated the analytical methods at 59 Fed. Reg.
62468
(Dec.
5,
1994).
The corrections included the removal and
reservation of subsections
(a)
through
(e), which pertained to
monitoring for the old MCL for endrin, which U.S. EPA removed in
the Phase V rules when it promulgated a new MCL for that
contaminant.
Thus,
since the Phase V regulations became
effective,
40 CFR 141.24(a) through
(e) were without substantive
effect.
However,
in updating the bC,
SOC, and
TTHN
analytical
methods, at 59 Fed. Reg.
62468
(Dec.
5,
1994), discussed below,
U.S.
EPA codified the updated methods as subsection
(e).
Section 611.641 formerly corresponded with 40 CFR 141.24(a)
through
(ci), and Section 611.642 corresponded with subsection
(e).
Rather than repeal these two Sections, the Board has
consolidated former Section 611.642 into Section 611.641 as
subsection
(ci).
We revised the Board Notes to Section 611.641 to
indicate the broader former source of derivation of this
provision and to relate that this Section now applies only to
14
state—only MCLs
(for aldrin,
DDT, dieldrin, heptachior,
heptachior epoxide,
2,4-D,
and TTHM).
The Board has retained
these provisions,
rather than repeal them, because they provide
for monitoring and analyses for these state-only MCLs.
Until
some interested person should justify the repeal of the state—
only MCLs
in the context of
a general rulemaking under Section 27
of the Act, we believe that we must retain these Section 611.641
requirements.’
The Board invites comment on our retention of and
amendments to Section 611.641.
At 59 Fed.
Reg. 34323
(July
1,
1994),
U.S. EPA amended
40
CFR 141.24(f) (4),
(f) (7),
(f) (10),
(f) (14),
(f) (16),
(h) (4) (i)
(h)(10),
and
(h)(12) to correct the text.
There is no need to
make corresponding amendments
to the Illinois regulations for a
variety of reasons.
The correction to paragraph
(f) (4) was
limited to correcting a cross—reference citation format; the
Board originally substituted the language
in Section 611.646(d).
The corrections to paragraphs
(f) (7)
and
(f) (10) were corrections
to references to “non—transient,
non—community water systems”,
which the Board originally referred to properly as “NTNCWSs” in
Section 611.646(g).
Paragraphs
(f) (14)
and
(h) (10) pertain to
composite sampling,
for which there are no corresponding Illinois
provisions.
The correction to paragraph
(f) (16) was limited to
an incorporation by reference, which the Board properly codified
at Section 611.102; further,
as discussed below,
U.S.
EPA
subsequently removed and reserved paragraph
(f) (16).
The
correction to paragraph
(h) (4) (i)
changed “the compliance period
starting January
1,
1993”
to “the initial compliance period”,
the
wording used initially by the Board in initially adopting
corresponding Section 611.648(d).
The correction to paragraph
(h) (12) related to consolidation of endrin into this provision.
As is discussed below,
the December 5,
1994 amendments removed
this paragraph.
Parallel corrections to 40 CFR 141.24(f) (14) and 141.28
pertained to laboratory certification.
40 CFR 141.24(f) (14)
provision corresponds with Section 611.646(t).
U.S. EPA
substituted “certified laboratory” for “approved laboratory”.
Examination of the Illinois text revealed that not only was a
parallel amendment necessary to subsection
(t), but also to
subsections
(q),
(q)(1), and
(q)(2).
40 CFR 141.28 corresponds
with Section 611.490 of the Illinois regulations.
Since the
Board already used “certified laboratory” in both the Section
heading and text of that provision, no amendment was necessary.
The Board invites comment on these corrections to Sections
Alternatively, proof that these provisions render the
Illinois drinking water program less stringent than or
inconsistent with the federal requirements would justify their
removal using identical—in-substance procedures.
15
611.646 and 611.648.
At 59 Fed. Reg.
34323,
U.S.
EPA removed and reserved 40 CFR
141.24(g),
which pertained to monitoring for the Phase
I
VOCs..
As previously observed by the Board in docket R93-1,
the
expansion of federal subsection
(h) rendered subsection
(g)
without substantive effect.
The Board has repealed corresponding
Section 611.647 as
a result.
The Board invites comment on the
repeal of Section 611.647.
At 59 Fed. Reg. 62468-69
(Dec.
5,
1994),
U.S.
EPA updated
and consolidated nearly all the organic chemical
(VOC,
SOC, and
TTHM)
methods.
U.S.
EPA removed and reserved 40 CFR
141.24(f) (16) and
(h)(12).
It codified
a table of all the
methods at 40 CFR 141.24(e).
Most of the updated and new methods
are from the reference that the Board has termed “U.S. EPA
Organic Methods”.
However,
U.S. EPA has continued to use the
method the Board terms
“Dioxin and Furan Method
1613” and added
two Standard Methods
(18th ed.) methods:
Method 6610
(for
carbofuran and oxamyl)
and Method 6651
(for glyphosate).
U.S.
EPA further amended
40 CFR 141.24(h) (13)
and 141.30(e) to refer
to 40 CFR 141.24(e)
for methods for the analysis of PCB5 and
TTHMs, respectively.
The Board codified this table of methods at Section 611.645
and updated the incorporations by reference at Section 611.102
appropriately.
We replaced Sections 611.646(p)
and 611.648(1)
with statements explaining the U.S. EPA removal of these
subsections.
The Board also amended Sections 611.648(m)
and
611.685 to refer to Section 611.645 for the methods for PCB5 and
TTHMs.
By listing the methods for each contaminant in numerical
order, we deviated from the federal text,
since we had no
indication that the federal order indicated a preference among
the various methods for that species.
One potential problem may exist with the federal method
updates at 40 CFR 141.23
and 141.24,
as well as 141.40.
U.S.
EPA
appears to be using its reference “Technical Notes on Drinking
Water Methods” to modify or extend its chosen express regulatory
language.
It refers to this document as presenting methods
available until
a certain date in the future, and it appears to
refer to this document for either additional methods or for
further instruction on the use of the methods.
If U.S. EPA is
using this as a guideline in IDlace of or to supersede its express
regulatory provisions,
this could present codification problems
for the Board.
The Board intends to review that document before
proceeding to adopt any regulations based on this proposal.
We incorporated certain of the chemical contaminants for
which there is a state-only requirement
(an old NCL) into the
newly-centralized table of methods.
The added state-only
contaminants are those
for which U.S. EPA did not already set
16
forth
a method
(because there
is not already a less—stringent
federal MCL and analytical requirement).
Those contaminants are
aidrin,
DDT,
and dieldrin.
The methods used,
Methods 505,
508,
508.1, and 525.2 for aidrin and dieldrin, and 505 and 508 for
DDT, are those indicated for those contaminants as unregulated
contaminants
(aidrin and dieldrin)
in 40 CFR 141.40(n) (11)
or
those we used in the past based
on representations in the methods
that they are capable of determining these contaminants
(DDT).
The Board did not make one particular amendment made by U.S.
EPA.
U.S. EPA removed Appendix C to 40 CFR 141,
Subpart C at 59
Fed. Reg. 62469
(Dec.
5,
1994).
Inquiry with one of the U.S. EPA
technical contacts listed in the Federal Register notice
indicated that this was an error.
We therefore retained our
reference to this federal appendix.
The Board invites comment on
our table of updated organic analytical methods at Section
611.645.
U.S. EPA amended the special monitoring provision of Section
141.40 at 59 Fed.
Reg.
34323
(July
1,
1994)
and
59 Fed. Reg.
62469
(Dec.
5,
1994).
It updated the methods for the unregulated
organic contaminants and added aldicarb,
aldicarb sulfone, and
aldicarb sulfoxide to the list of unregulated contaminants for
which it prescribes methods.2
U.S.
EPA updated the existing
methods and added new methods
for the contaminants.
The methods
used were from the reference called
“U.S.
EPA Organic Methods” by
the Board and from Standard Methods
(18th ed.).
An additional
correction in the July
1,
1994 action replaced the listing for
the unregulated contaminant chlorobenzene, already regulated as
a
Phase
II VOC, with dibromornethane, which U.S.
EPA erroneously
omitted from the table.
The Board codified the updated organic unregulated
contaminant analytical methods at Section 611.510(b)(11).
We
made the substitution of dibromoinethane for chlorobenzene at
subsection
(a) (5).
Based on the July 1,
1994 corrections, we
further substituted “laboratory certified” for “laboratory
approved” at subsection
(c).
Others of the July
1,
1994
corrections resulted in no amendments.
These federal corrections
that did not result in amendments included changing “chemicals”
in the section heading to “contaminants”, which the Board had
already done; corrections to 40 CFR 141.40(g)
and
(n) (11), which
were superseded by December 5,
1994 amendments; and corrections
to 40 CFR 141.40(j),
which pertains to optional monitoring
requirements that the Board never adopted.
The Board invites
2
U.S. EPA prescribed MCLs for these contaminants as part
of the Phase bIB rules, but subsequently administratively stayed
the MCLs, without affecting the requirement for monitoring these
contaminants.
17
comment on our codification of the methods for the inorganic
unregulated contaminant at Section 611.510.
Waiver of Cyanide Monitoring Requirements—-Sections
611.110,
611.130,
and 611.603
At 59 Fed.
Reg. 34322
(Dec.
5,
1994),
U.S.
EPA added a
provision to 141.23(c) (2)
that allows waivers of the cyanide
monitoring requirements where there
is proven no source of
industrial cyanide to which the supplier’s water is vulnerable.
The Board added this provision for waivers from the cyanide
monitoring requirements, choosing the now familiar mechanism of
the special exception permit
(SE?)
to allow the Agency to obviate
the requirements.
However, we did not follow the federal
structure in placing the waiver provision at corresponding
Section 611.603(b).
At Section 611.603(b), the Board deviated from the federal
structure and divided subsection
(b)
into two subsections.
As
subsection
(b) (2)
the Board stated that the supplier may apply to
the Agency for
a SEP pursuant to subsections
(d)
through
(if)
and
Sections 611.110
(the general SEP provision).
New subsection
(g)
sets forth the language parallel to the federal language.
An
addition to subsection
(e)
makes relief from the cyanide
monitoring requirements subject to the same limitations as relief
front the VOC and SOC monitoring requirements
from which this
relief is available.
The federal language of the vulnerability
waiver lacks definiteness that we believe is necessary to aid
suppliers and the Agency in using this relief.
One deviation from the federal language warrants further
discussion,
in order to avoid any misunderstanding that could
jeopardize state primacy in the drinking water program.
The
Board uses “the Agency shall” where the federal language reads
“the state may”.
The Board is compelled to use the imperative
sense under Illinois administrative law because once the Agency
has made the necessary determination
(in this instance, that the
suppliers water is not vulnerable), the Agency has no discretion
but to grant the SEP.
However, this does not mean that the
Agency is compelled to grant a SEP upon request.
The Agency
retains full discretion in making its necessary prerequisite
determination (on vulnerability).
If the supplier fails to fully
satisfy the Agency,
so that it can make its determination, the
Agency
is not bound to make the determination.
The Board
invites
comment on our approach to the cyanide monitoring waiver
provisions.
Mandatory Health Effects Notices--Section 611.Appendix A
U.S. EPA made minor corrections of typographic errors to the
mandatory health effects notices of 40 CFR 141.32(e) at 59 Fed.
Reg. 34323
(July
1,
1994).
Corrected were the notices for
18
chiordane
(paragraph
(e) (30)), cis—1,2—dichloroethylene
(paragraph
(e) (33)),
l,2-dichloropropane (paragraph
(e) (35)),
heptachlor epoxide
(paragraph
(e) (41)),
and di(2—ethylhexyl)—
phthalate
(paragraph
(e) (62)).
The Board corrected all but one
of these errors
in originally adopting the notices.
Therefore,
the Board amends Section 611.Appendix A(62)
to change “0.004
parts per million” to “0.006 parts per million”.
The Board
invites
comment on
our correction to the mandatory health effects
notice for di(2—ethylhexyl)phthalate at Section 611.Appendix
A(62).
SDWA REGULATORY HISTORICAL SUNNARY
The Board adopted the initial round of U.S.
EPA drinking
water regulations,
including the “Phase
I” rules, adopted by U.S.
EPA prior to June
30,
1989,
as follows:
R88—26
114 PCB 149, August
9,
1990
(14 Ill.
Reg.
16517,
effective September 20,
1990)
Subsequent dockets updated the regulations
to include federal
amendments since that time:
R90—4
112 PCB 317, dismissed June
21,
1990
(no U.S.
EPA
amendments July
1 through December 31,
1989)
R90—13
117 PCB 687, December 20,
1990
(15 Ill.
Reg.
1562,
effective January 22,
1991)
(January
1,
1990
through June 30,
1990)
R90—21
116 PCB 365, November 29,
1990
(14 Ill. Reg.
20448, effective December
11,
1990)
(Corrections
to R88—26)
R91—3
137 PCB 253, November 19,
1992
(16 Ill. Reg.
19010, December 11,
1992,
effective December
1,
1992)
(U.S.
EPA Phase II and Coliforms——
consolidated with R92—9; July
1,
1990 through
January 31,
1991)
R9l—15
137 PCB 627, dismissed December
3,
1992
(no U.S.
EPA amendments February
1,
1991 through May 31,
1991)
R92—3
——
PCB
——,
May
6,
1993
(17 Ill.
Reg.
7796, May
28,
1993, effective May 18,
1993)
(U.S.
EPA Phase
IIB and Lead and Copper rules; June 1, 1991
through December 31,
1991)
R92—9
137 PCB 253, November 19,
1992
(16 Ill. Reg.
19010,
December 11,
1992,
effective December
1,
1992)
(Corrections to Phase
I rules, R88—26——
consolidated with R9l—3)
19
R92—l2
137 PCB 725, dismissed December
3,
1992
(no U.S.
EPA amendments June
1,
1992 through June
30,
1991)
R93—1
——
PCB
——,
July
14,
1993
(17
Ill.
Reg.
12648,
August
6,
1993,
effective July
23,
1993)
(U.S.
EPA
Phase V rules; July
1,
1992 through December 31,
1992)
R93—19
-—
PCB
-—,
dismissed September 23,
1993
(no U.S.
EPA amendments January
1 through June
30,
1993)
R94—4
——
PCB
——,
July 21,
1994
(18
Ill. Reg.
12291,
August
5,
1994, effective July 28,
1995)
(TTHM
analytical methods; July
1,
1993 through December
31,
1993)
R94-23
This docket (January
1,
1994 through June
30,
1994)
R95-3
This docket (July
1,
1994 through December
31,
1994)
AGENCY OR BOARD ACTION?
Section 7.2(a)(5) of the Act requires the Board to specify
which decisions U.S. EPA will retain.
In addition, the Board is
to specify which State agency is to make decisions based on the
general division of functions within the Act and other Illinois
statutes.
In situations where the Board has determined that U.S.
EPA
will retain decision-making authority, the Board has replaced
“Regional Administrator” with U.S.
EPA,
so as to avoid specifying
which office within U.S. EPA is to make a decision.
In a few instances, decisions are not appropriate for Agency
action pursuant to a permit application.
Among the
considerations in determining the general division of authority
between the Agency and the Board are:
1.
Is the person making the decision applying a Board
regulation,
or taking action contrary to
(“waiving”)
a Board
regulation?
It generally takes some form of Board action to
“waive”
a Board regulation.
2.
Is there a clear standard for action such that the
Board can give meaningful review to an Agency decision?
3.
Does the action result
in exemption from the permit
requirement itself?
If so, Board action
is generally
required.
20
4.
Does the decision amount to “determining,
defining or
implementing environmental control standards” within the
meaning of Section 5(b)
of the Act?
If so,
it must be made
by the Board.
There are four common classes of Board decision:
variance,
adjusted standard, site specific rulemaking,
and enforcement.
The first three are methods by which a regulation can be
temporarily postponed
(variance)
or adjusted to meet specific
situations
(adjusted standard or site specific rulemaking).
Note
that there often are differences in the nomenclature for these
decisions between the U.S.
EPA and Board regulations.
EDITORIAL CONVENTIONS
As
a final
note,
the federal rules have been edited to
establish a uniform usage throughout the Board’s regulations.
For example, with respect to “shall”,
“will”,
and “may”,
“shall”
is used when the subject of a sentence has to do something;
“must”
is used when someone has to do something, but that someone
is not the subject of the sentence; “will”
is used when the Board
obliges itself to do something,
and “may”
is used when choice of
a provision is optional.
As
to the conjunctions,
“or”
is used
rather than “and/or”, and denotes “one or both”; “either
or”
denotes
“one
but
not
both”;
and
“and”
denotes
“both”.
ORDER
The Board will promptly submit these proposed amendments to
the Secretary of State for publication in the Illinois Register.
TITLE
35:
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
SUBTITLE
F:
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES
CHAPTER
I:
POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD
PART 611
PRIMARY
DRINKING
WATER
STANDARDS
SUBPART
A:
GENERAL
Section
611.100
Purpose, Scope and Applicability
611.101
Definitions
611.102
Incorporations by Reference
611.103
Severability
611.107
Agency Inspection of ?WS Facilities
611.108
Delegation to Local Government
611.109
Enforcement
611.110
Special Exception Permits
611.111
Section 1415 Variances
611.112
Section 1416 Variances
611.113
Alternative Treatment Techniques
611.114
siting requirements
611.115
Source Water Quantity
21
611.120
Effective dates
611.121
Maximum Contaminant Levels and
Finished Water Quality
611.125
Fluoridation Requirement
611.126
Prohibition
on Use of Lead
611.130
Special
Requirements
for Certain Variances and Adjusted Standards
SUBPART
B:
FILTRATION AND DISINFECTION
Section
611.201
Requiring
a Demonstration
611.202
Procedures for Agency Determinations
611.211
Filtration Required
611.212
Groundwater under Direct Influence
of Surface Water
611.213
No Method of HPC Analysis
611.220
General Requirements
611.230
Filtration Effective Dates
611.231
Source Water Quality Conditions
611.232
Site—specific
Conditions
611.233
Treatment Technique Violations
611.240
Disinfection
611.241
Unfiltered
PWSs
611.242
Filtered PWSs
611.250
Filtration
611.261
Unfiltered
PWSs:
Reporting and Recordkeeping
611.262
Filtered PWSs:
Reporting and Recordkeeping
611.271
Protection during Repair Work
611.272
Disinfection following Repair
SUBPART C:
USE OF MON-CENTRALIZED TREATMENT DEVICES
Sect ion
611.280
Point-of-Entry Devices
611.290
Use of Point—of—Use Devices or Bottled Water
SUBPART
0:
TREATMENT TECHNIQUES
Section
611.295
General
Requirements
611.296
Acrylamide
and
Epichiorohydrin
611.297
CorrosiOn
Control
SUBPART
F:
MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVELS
(MCL’S)
Sect ion
611.300
old
MCLs for Inorganic Chemicals
611.301
Revised
MCLs
for
Inorganic
Chemicals
611.310
old
MCLs for Organic Chemicals
611.311
Revised
MCLs
for
Organic
Contaminants
611.320
Turbidity
611.325
Microbiological
Contaminants
611.330
Radium
and Gross Alpha Particle Activity
611.331
Beta Particle and Photon Radioactivity
SUBPART
C:
LEAD
AND
COPPER
Section
611.350
General
Requirements
611.351
Applicability
of
Corrosion
Control
611.352
Corrosion
Control
Treatment
611.353
Source
Water
Treatment
611.354
Lead
Service
Line
Replacement
611.355
Public
Education
and
Supplemental
Monitoring
611.356
Tap
Water
Monitoring
for
Lead and copper
611.357
Monitoring for Water Quality Parameters
611.358
Monitoring
for
Lead
and
Copper
in
Source
Water
611.359
Analytical
Methods
611.360
Reporting
22
611.361
Section
611.480
611.490
611.491
611.500
611.510
Section
611.521
611.522
611.523
611.524
611.525
611.526
611.527
611.531
611.532
611.533
Section
611.560
Section
611.591
611.592
611.600
611.601
611.602
611.603
611.604
611. 605
611.606
611. 607
611.608
611.609
611.610
611.611
611.612
611. 630
611. 631
Section
611. 640
611.641
611.645
611.646
611.647
611.648
611.650
61.
657
611.658
Recordkeeping
SUBPART K:
GENERAL MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS
Alternative Analytical
Techniques
Certified Laboratories
Laboratory Testing Equipment
Consecutive PWSs
Special Monitoring
for Unregulated Contaminants
SUBPART L:
MICROBIOLOGICAL
MONITORING
AND ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS
Routine Coliform Monitoring
Repeat Cotiform Monitoring
Invalidation of Total Coliform Samples
Sanitary Surveys
Fecal Coliform and
E. Coli Testing
Analytical Methodology
Response to Violation
Analytical Requirements
Unfiltered PWSs
Filtered PWSs
SUBPART H:
TURBIDITY MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS
Turbidity
SUBPART
N:
INORGANIC MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS
Violation of State MCL
Frequency of State Monitoring
Applicability
Monitoring
Frequency
Asbestos Monitoring Frequency
Inorganic Monitoring Frequency
Nitrate Monitoring
Nitrite Monitoring
Confirmation Samples
More Frequent Monitoring
and Confirmation Sampling
Additional Optional Monitoring
Determining Compliance
Inorganic Monitoring Times
Inorganic Analysis
Monitoring
Requirements
for
Old
Inorganic
MCLs
Special Monitoring for Sodium
Special Monitoring for Inorganic Chemicals
SUBPART 0:
ORGANIC MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS
Definitions
old
MCL5
Analytical Methods for
Old ~CLs0rganic
Chemical Contaminants
Phase
I, Phase
II,
and Phase V Volatile Organic Contaminants
Sampling for Phase
I Volatile Organic Contaminants (Re~ealed~
Phase II, Phase 118, and Phase V Synthetic Organic Contaminants
Monitoring
for 36 Contaminants
(Repealed)
Analytical Methods
for 36 Contaminants
(Repealed)
Special Monitoring
for Organic chemicals
Section
SUBPART
P:
THM
MONITORING
AND
ANALYTICAL
REQUIREMENTS
23
Sampling,
Analytical
and other Requirements
Reduced Monitoring Frequency
Averaging
Analytical Methods
Modification to System
SUBPART
Q:
RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL
REQUIREMENTS
Analytical Methods
Cross Alpha
Manmade
Radioactivity
SUBPART
T:
REPORTING,
PUBLIC NOTIFICATION AND RECORDKEEPING
611.Appendix
A
611.Appendix
B
611.Appendix
C
6l1.Appendix
0
611.Appendix
5
611.Table
A
611.Tab.e
B
611.Table C
61l.Table
0
611.Table
S
611.Table
F
611.Table
C
611.Table
Z
Mandatory Health Effects Information
Percent
Inactivation of C. Lamblia Cysts
Common
Names
of
Organic
Chemicals
Defined
Substrate
Method
for
the Simultaneous Detection of
Total Coliforms and Eschricia Coli
from
Drinking
Water
Mandatory Lead Public Education Information
Total Coliform Monitoring Frequency
Fecal or
Total
Coliforrn
Density
Measurements
Frequency
of
RDC
Measurement
Number of Lead and Copper Monitoring Sites
Lead
and
Copper
Monitoring
Start
Dates
Number of Water Quality Parameter Sampling Sites
Summary
of Monitoring Requirements
for Water Quality
Parameters’
Federal Effective Dates
AUTHORITY:
Implementing
Sections
17
and 17.5 and authorized by Section 27
of
the Environmental
Protection
Act
(-Ill.
fl~v.
Ctc~t.
19~1,
~h.
111½,-pare.
1017,
1017.5
and
1027
(415
ILCS
5/li,
5/17.5
and
5/27+.
SOURCE:
Adopted
in
R88—26
at
14
Ill.
Req.
16517,
effective
September
20,
1990;
amended
in
R90—21
at
14
Ill.
Req.
20448,
effective
December
11,
1990;
amended
in
R90—l3
at
15
Ill.
Req.
1562,
effective
January
22,
1991;
amended
in
R91—3
at
16
111.
Reg.
19010,
December
1,
1992;
amended
in
R92—3
at
17
Ill.
Reg.
7796,
effective
May
18,
1993;
amended
in
R93—l
at
17
Ill.
Req.
12650,
effective July 23,
1993;
amended in
R94—4
at
18 Ill.
Req.
12291, effective
July 28,
1994;
amended
in
R94—23
at
19
Ill.
Rec~.
effective
Note:
Capitalization
denotes
statutory
language.
611. 680
611. 683
611.684
611.685
611. 686
Section
611.720
611.
731
611.732
Section
611. 830
611.831
611. 832
611.833
611.840
611.851
611.852
611.853
611.854
611.855
611.856
611.858
611.860
611.870
Applicability
Monthly
Operating
Report
Notice
by
Agency
Cross Connection Reporting
Reporting
Reporting MCL and other Violations
Reporting other Violations
Notice to New Billing Units
General Content
of Public Notice
Mandatory Health Effects Language
Fluoride Notice
Fluoride Secondary Standard
Record Maintenance
List of 36 Contaminants
SUBPART A:
GENERAL
24
Section 611.100
Purpose,
Scope and Applicability
a)
This Part satisfies the requirement of Section 17.5 of the
Environmental
Protection
Act
(Act)
(Ill.
Rev.
Stat.
1988-
Supp.,
ch.
ill
1/2.
par.
1001
ot
acq.)14l5
ILCS
51
that
the
Board
adopt
regulations which
are identical in substance with federal
regulations promulgated by the United States Environmental
Protection Agency (U~S~.EPA)pursuant to Sections 1412(b),
1414(c),
1417(a)
and
1445(a)
of
the
Safe
Drinking
Water
Act
(SDWA)
(42
U.S.C.
300f
et
seq.)
b)
This Part establishes primary drinking water regulations
(NPDWRs)
pursuant to the SDWA,
and also includes additional,
related State
requirements which are consistent with and more stringent than the
U~S~EPAregulations
(Section 7.2(a)(6)
of the Act).
The
latter
provisions are specifically marked as “additional State
requirements”.
They apply only community water systems
(CWS5).
c)
This Part applies to “suppliers”,
owners and operators of “public
water systems”
(“PWSs”).
PWSs include CWSs,
“non—community water
systems
(~‘non—CWSs”) and “non—transient non—community water
systems (“NTNCWSs’~),as these terms are defined
in Section
611.101.
1)
CWS
suppliers
are
required
to
obtain
permits
from
the
Illinois Environmental
Protection Agency
(Agency)
pursuant
to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 602.
2)
Non-CWS suppliers are subject to additional regulations
promulgated
by the Illinois Department
of Public Health
(Public Health) pursuant to Ill.
Rev. Stat.
1989,
oh.
111
-1J2,
par. 74S9Section
9 of the Illinois Groundwater
Protection Act
t415
ILCS
55/91,
including 77 Ill. Adm. Code
900.
3)
Non—CWS
suppliers
are
not
required
to
obtain
permits
or
other
approvals
from
the
Agency,
or
to
file
reports
or
other
documents
with
the
Agency.
Any
provision
in
this
Part
so
providing is to be understood as requiring the non—CWS
supplier to obtain the comparable form of approval
from,
or
to file the comparable report or other document with Public
Health.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from
40
CFR
141.1
(19894).
d)
This
Part
applies
to
each
PWS,
unless
the
PWS
meets
all
of
the
following
conditions:
1)
Consists only of distribution and storage facilities
(and
does
not
have
any
collection
and
treatment
facilities);
2)
Obtains
all
of
its
water
from,
but
is
not
owned
or
operated
by,
a
supplier
to
which
such
regulations
apply;
3)
Does not sell water to
any person; and
4)
Is not
a carrier which conveys passengers
in interstate
commerce.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from
40
CFR
141.3
(19894).
e)
Some
subsection
labels
have
been
omitted
in
order
to
maintain
25
local consistency between
U~S,~EPAsubsection
labels and the
subsection labels in this Part.
Section 611.101
Definitions
As used in this Part,
the term:
“Act” means the Environmental Protection Act
(Ill.
1991,
oh.
l11~,
par.
1001
et
~cq.
(415
ILCS
5~
“Agency’s
means
the
Illinois
Environmental
Protection
Agency.
BOARD NOTE:
The Department of
Public Health
(“Public Health”)
regulates
non-community water supplies (“non—CWSB”,
including non—
transient,
non-community water supplies
(“NTNCWSs”) and transient
non—community water supplies (“transient non—CWSs’~)). For the
purposes
of regulation of supplies by Public
Health
by
reference
to
this
Part,
“Agency”
shall
mean
Public
Health.
‘~Ai”
means “inactivation ratio”.
“Approved source
of bottled water”,
for the purposes of
Section 611.130(e) (4), means
a
source of water and the water
therefrom,
whether it
be
from a
spring, artesian well,
drilled well,
municipal water supply,
or any other source,
that has been inspected
and the water sampled,
analyzed,
and
found to be a safe and sanitary quality according to
applicable laws and regulations
of
State and local
government agencies having
jurisdiction, as evidenced by the
presence
in the plant of current certificates or notations
of
approval
from
each
government
agency
or agencies having
jurisdiction over the source,
the
water it bottles,
and the
distribution
of
the
water
in
commerce.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from
40
CP’R
142.62(g)(2)
and
21
CFR
129.3(a)
(l99~).
The
Board
cannot
compile
an
exhaustive
listing
of
all
federal,
state,
and
local
laws
to
which
bottled water and bottling water may
be
subjected.
However,
the statutes and regulations
of which the Board is aware are
the
following:
the
Illinois
Food,
Drug
and
Cosmetic
Act
+1410
ILCS
620,
formerly
Ill.
fey.
Stat.
1991
oh.
S-6½,- par.
501
ct
ocq.)~,
the
Bottled
Water
Act
+1815
ILCS
310.,-
formerly
Ill.
fey,
Stat.
1991 oh.
111½,
par.
121.101)1,
the
DPH
Water
Well
Construction
Code
(77
Ill.
Adm.
Code
920),
the
DPH
Water
Well
Pump
Installation
Code
(77
Ill.
Adm.
Code
925),
the federal bottled water quality standards
(21 CFR
103.35),
the federal drinking water processing and bottling
standards (21
CFR
129),
the federal Good Manufacturing
Practices for human
foods
(21
CFR 110),
the federal Fair
Packaging
and
Labeling
Act
(15
U.S.C.
SS
1451
et
seq.),
and
the
federal Fair Packaging and Labeling regulations
(21 CFR
201).
“Best available technology” or “BAT” means the best technology,
treatment techniques or other means that U.S. EPA has found are
available
for
the
contaminant
in
question.
BAT
is
specified
in
Subpart
F
of
this
Part.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from
40
CFR
141.2
(l99~).
“Board”
means
the
Illinois
Pollution
Control
Board.
“CAS
Not’ means “Chemical Abstracts Services Number”.
“CT”
or
“CT,,,~,” is
the
product
of
~‘residual
disinfectant
26
concentration”
(RDC or
C)
in
rng/L
determined before or at
the
first customer,
and the corresponding
“disinfectant contact time”
(T)
in minutes.
If
a supplier applies disinfectants at more than
one point prior to the
first customer,
it shall determine the CT
of each disinfectant sequence before or
at the first customer
to
determine the total percent inactivation or “total inactivation
ratio”.
In determining the total inactivation ratio,
the supplier
shall determine the
RDC
of each disinfection sequence and
corresponding contact time before any subsequent disinfection
application point(s).
(See “CT~”)
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from
40
CFR
141.2
(1994).
“CT~9” is the CT value required
for 99.9 percent
(3—log)
inactivation of Giardia lamblia cysts.
CT~9 for
a variety of
disinfectants and conditions appear
in Tables 1.1—1.6,
2.1 and 3.1
of Section 61l.Appendix
B.
(See “Inactivation Ratio”.)
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from
the
definition
of
“CT”
in
40
CFR
141.2
(199~).
“Coagulation” means a process using coagulant chemicals
and mixing
by which colloidal
and suspended materials are destabilized and
agglomerated
into flocs.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from
40 CFR 141.2
(19934).
“Community Water System” or “CWS” means
a public water system
(PWS) that serves
at
lea.~t15 service connections used by year—
round residents or regularly serves
at
least
25 year—round
residents.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.2
(19934).
This definition
differs slightly from that
of
Section 3.05
of the Act.
“Compliance cycle” means
the nine—year calendar year cycle during
which public water systems
(PWS5) must monitor.
Each compliance
cycle consists of three three—year compliance periods.
The first
calendar cycle begins January
1,
1993,
and ends December 31,
2001;
the second begins January
1,
2002 and ends December
31,
2010;
the
third
begins
January
1,
2011,
and ends December
31,
2019.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.2
(1993-i).
“Compliance period” means
a three—year calendar year period within
a compliance cycle.
Each compliance cycle has three three—year
compliance
periods.
Within
the
first
compliance
cycle,
the
first
compliance period runs from January
1,
1993,
to
December
31,
1995;
the second
from January
1,
1996,
to December
31,
1998;
the third
from January
1,
1999,
to December
31,
2001.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.2
(199~34).
“Confluent growth” means
a continuous bacterial growth covering
the entire filtration area of
a membrane filter or a portion
thereof,
in which
bacterial colonies are not discrete.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.2
(1993.4).
“Contaminant” means
any physical,
chemical,
biological or
radiological
substance
or
matter
in
water.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.2
(1993.4).
“Conventional
filtration treatment” means
a series of processes
including coagulation,
flocculation,
sedimentation and filtration
resulting
in substantial particulate
removal.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.2
(1993.4).
“Diatomaceous earth filtration” means
a process resulting in
27
substantial particulate removal
in which:
A precoat cake of diatomaceous earth
filter media
is
deposited
on
a
support
membrane
(septum);
and
While the
water is
filtered
by
passing
through
the
cake
on
the
septum,
additional filter media known as body feed
is
continuously added to
the
feed water to maintain the
permeability of the filter cake.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived from 40
CFR
141.2
(199~4).
“Direct
filtration” means
a series of processes including
coagulation
and filtration but excluding sedimentation resulting
in
substantial particulate removal.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40
CFR 141.2
(1993.j).
“Disinfectant” means any oxidant,
including
but
not limited to
chlorine, chlorine dioxide,
chloramines and ozone added to water
in
any part of
the treatment or distribution process, that is
intended
to
kill
or
inactivate
pathogenic
microorganisms.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40
CFR
141.2
(19934).
“Disinfectant contact time” or
“T” means the
time in minutes that
it takes
for water
to move
from the point of disinfectant
application
or
the
previous
point
of
RDC
measurement
to
a
point
before or
at the point where RDC
is measured.
Where only one
RDC
is
measured,
T
is
the
time
in
minutes
that
it
takes
for
water
to
move
from
the
point
of
disinfectant application
to a point before or at where
RDC
is measured,
Where more than one RDC is measured,
T is:
For the first measurement of
RDC,
the time in minutes
that
Lt takes for water to move from the first or only
point of disinfectant application to a point before or
at the point where the first RDC is measured and
For subsequent measurements of
RDC,
the time in
minutes that it takes for water to move from the
previous
RDC
measurement point to the
RDC
measurement
point for which the particular T
is being calculated.
T in pipelines must be calculated based on “plug flow” by
dividing the
internal volume of the pipe by the maximum
hourly flow rate through that pipe.
T within mixing basins and storage reservoirs must be
determined by tracer studies or an equivalent demonstration.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.2
(1993~4).
“Disinfection” means
a process that inactivates pathogenic
organisms in water by chemical oxidants or equivalent agents.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.2
(19934).
“Distribution system”
includes all points downstream of an “entry
point” to
the point of consumer ownership.
“Domestic or other non—distribution system plumbing problem” means
a coliform contamination problem in
a PWS with more than one
service connection that
is
limited to the specific service
28
connection
from which the coliform—positive sample was taken.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.2
(19934).
“Dose equivalent” means the product of the absorbed dose from
ionizing radiation and such factors
as account for differences in
biological effectiveness
due to the type of radiation and its
distribution in the body
as specified by the International
Commission on Radiological Units and Measurements
(ICRU).
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.2
(19934).
“Entry point” means
a point just downstream of the final treatment
operation,
but upstream of the first user
and
upstream of any
mixing with other water.
If raw water is used without treatment,
the “entry point”
is
the raw water source.
If a PWS receives
treated water from another PWS,
the “entry point”
is
a point
just
downstream of the other PWS, but upstream of
the first user on the
receiving PWS,
and upstream of any mixing with
other
water.
“Filtration” means
a process for removing particulate matter from
water by passage through porous media.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from
40 CFR 141.2
(19934).
“Flocculation”
means
a process to enhance agglomeration or
collection
of
smaller
floc
particles
into larger, more easily
settleable particles through gentle stirring by hydraulic or
mechanical
means.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from
40
CFR
141.2
(19934).
“GC” means
“gas chromatography”
or “gas—liquid phase
chromatography”.
“GC/MS” means gas chromatography
(GC)
followed by mass
spectrometry
(MS).
“Gross
alpha particle activity” means the total radioactivity due
to alpha particle emission as
inferred from measurements on a dry
sample.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.2
(19934).
“Gross beta particle activity” means the total radioactivity due
to beta particle emission as inferred
from measurements on a dry
sample.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from
40 CFR 141.2
(19934).
“Groundwater under the direct influence of surface water”
is
as
determined
in Section 611.212.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from
40
CFR
141.2
(199~34).
“GWS” means
“groundwater system”,
a public water supply
(PWS)
that
uses only groundwater sources.
BOARD
NOTE:
Drawn from 40 CFR 141.23(b) (2)
& 14l.24(f)(2)
note
(l993~4).
“Halogen” means one of the chemical elements chlorine, bromine or
iodine.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141,2
(19934).
“HPC”
means “heterotrophic plate count”, measured as specified in
Section 611.531(c).
“Inactivation Ratio”
(Ai) means:
29
Ai
CT~,/CT~
The sum of the inactivation ratios,
or “total inactivation
ratio”
(B)
is calculated by adding together the inactivation
ratio for each disinfection sequence:
B
=
~(Ai)
A total inactivation ratio equal
to or greater than 1.0 is
assumed
to
provide
a
3—log
inactivation
of
Giardia
laznblia
cysts.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived from the definition of “CT”
in 40 CFR
141.2
(1993-4),
“Initial compliance period” means
the three—year compliance period
that begins January
1,
1993,
except for the MCL5
for dichloro—
methane,
1, 2,4—trichlorobenzene, 1,l,2-trichloroethane,
benzoa)—
pyrene,
dalapon, di2—ethylhexyl)adipate,
di(2-ethylhexyl)--
phthalate,
dinoseb,
diquat,
endothall,
endrin,
glyphosate,
hexa—
chlorobenzene, hexachlorocyclopentadiene,
oxamyl, picloram,
sirnazine,
2,3,7,8—TCDD,
antimony,
beryllium,
cyanide,
nickel,
and
thallium as they apply to suppliers whose
supplies have fewer than
150 service connections,
for which
it means
the three—year
compliance period that begins on January
1,
1996.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.2
(199~4).
“L” means “liter”.
“Legionella”
means
a genus of bacteria,
some species of which have
caused
a
type
of
pneumonia
called
Legionnaires
Disease.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.2
(19934).
“Man—made beta particle and photon emitters” means all
radionuclides emitting beta particles and/or photons listed in
Maximum Permissible Body Burdens and Maximum Permissible
Concentrations
of Radioriuclides
in Air and in Water for
Occupational Exposure,
NCRP Report Number 22,
incorporated by
reference in Section 611.102,
except the daughter products of
thorium—232,
uranium—235 and uranium-238.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.2
(19934).
“Maximum contaminant level”
(“MCL”)
means the maximum permissible
level of
a contaminant
in water that is delivered to any user of a
public water system. See Section 611.121
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.2
(1993.4).
“Maximum Total Trihalomethane Potential” or
“MTP~’means the
maximum concentration of total trihalomethanes
(TTHMs) produced in
a given water containing a disinfectant residual
after
7 days at a
temperature of
25° C or above.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.2
(19934).
“NFL” means millions of fibers per liter larger than 10
micrometers.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.23(a) (4) (i)
(19934).
“mg” means milligrams
(1/1000th of a gram).
“mg/L” means milligrams per liter.
“Mixed
system” means
a PWS that uses both groundwater and surface
water sources.
30
BOARD NOTE:
Drawn from 40 CFR 141.23(b) (2)
and 14l.24(f)(2)
note
(1994).
“MUG”
means 4—methyl-umbelliferyl—beta—d—glucuronide.
“Near the first service connection” means at one of the 20 percent
of all service connections in the entire system that are nearest
the public water system
(PWS)
treatment facility,
as measured by
water
transport
time
within
the
distribution
system.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from
40
CFR
141.2
(1993-4).
“run”
means
nanometer
(1/1,000,000,000th of
a meter).
“Non-community water system” or
“NCWS”
or “non—CWS” means
a public
water
system
(PWS)
that
is
not
a
community
water
system
(CWS).
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from the definition of
“public water system”
in 40 CFR 141.2
(19934).
“Non—transient non—community water system” or
“NTNCWS” means
a
public water system
(PWS)
that
is not
a community water system
(CWS) and that regularly serves at least
25
of the same persons
over
6 months per year.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.2
(1993-4).
“NPDWR” means
“national primary drinking water regulation”.
“NTU” means
“nephelometric turbidity units”.
“old MCL” means one of the inorganic maximum contaminant levels
(MCL5),
codified at Section 611.300,
or organic MCLs,
codified at
Section 611,310,
including
any marked
as “additional
state
requirements.”
BOARD
NOTE:
Old
MCLs are those derived prior to the
implementation
of
the
U.S.
EPA
“Phase
III’ regulations.
The
Section 611.640 definition
of
this term, which
applies only to
Subpart
0 of this Part,
differs from this definition in that the
definition does not
include the Section
611.300
inorganic MCLs.
“P—A
Coliforni Test” means “Presence—Absence Coliforrn Test”.
‘~Performanceevaluation sample” means
a reference sample provided
to
a laboratory for the purpose of demonstrating that the
laboratory can successfully analyze the sample within limits of
performance specified by the Agency;
or,
for bacteriological
laboratories,
Public Health;
or,
for radiological laboratories,
the Illinois Department of Nuclear Safety.
The true value of the
concentration
of the reference material
is unknown to the
laboratory at the time of the analysis.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from
40 CFR 141.2
(19934).
“Person” means an individual,
corporation,
company,
association,
partnership,
State,
unit
of local government or federal agency.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from
40
CFR
141.2
(19934).
“Phase I” refers to that group of chemical contaminants and the
accompanying regulations promulgated by U.S. EPA on July 8,
1987,
at
52
Fed.
Req. 25712.
“Phase II” refers to that group of chemical contaminants and the
accompanying regulations promulgated by U.S. EPA on January 30,
1991,
at 56 Fed. Req.
3578.
31
“Phase IIB” refers to that group of chemical contaminants and
the
accompanying regulations promulgated by U.S. EPA on July 1,
1991,
at
56 Fed.
Req.
30266.
“Phase V~’ refers to that group
of chemical contaminants
promulgated by U.S.
EPA on July
17,
1992,
at
57
Fed.
Reg.
31776.
“Picocurie” or “pCi’ means the quantity of radioactive material
producing
2.22
nuclear transformations per minute.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR
141.2 (l993~).
“Point of disinfectant application”
is the point at which the
disinfectant is
applied
and
downstream of which water is
not
subject to recontamination by surface water runoff.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.2
(19934).
“Point—of—entry treatment device”
is
a treatment device applied to
the drinking water entering
a house or building
for the purpose of
reducing contaminants
in the drinking water distributed throughout
the house or building.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR
141.2
(19934).
“Point—of—use treatment device”
is
a treatment device applied to
a
single tap used for the purpose of reducing contaminants
in
drinking water at that one tap.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.2
(19934).
“Public Health” means the Illinois Department of Public Health.
BOARD
NOTE:
The Department of Public Health
(“Public Health”)
regulates
non—community
water
supplies
(“non-CWSs”,
including
non—
transient,
non-community water supplies
(“N’rNCWSs”)
and transient
non—community water supplies (“transient non—CWS5”)).
For
the
purposes of regulation of
supplies by Public Health by reference
to this Part,
“Agency”
shall mean Public Health.
“Public water
system” or
“PWS” means
a system for the provision to
the
public
of
piped
water
for
human
consumption,
if
such
system
has
at
least
fifteen
service
connections
or
regularly
serves
an
average
of
at
least
25
individuals
daily
at
least
60
days
out
of
the
year.
A
PWS
is
either
a
community
water
system
(CWS)
or
a
non—
community water
system
(non—CWS).
Such term includes:
Any collection,
treatment,
storage and distribution
facilities under control of the operator of such system and
used
primarily
in connection with such system,
and;
Any collection or pretreatment
storage facilities not under
such control that
are
used primarily in connection with
such
system.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.2
(19934).
“Reliably and consistently” below a specified level for
a
contaminant means an Agency determination based on analytical
results following the initial detection of
a contaminant to
determine the qualitative condition of water from an individual
sampling point or source.
The Agency shall base this
determination on the consistency of analytical results,
the degree
below the MCL,
the susceptibility of source water to variation,
and other vulnerability factors pertinent to the contaminant
detected that may influence the quality of water.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.23(b)(9),
141.24(f)(11)(ii),
and 141.24(f)(ll)(iii)
(1993-4).
32
“Rem” means the unit
of dose equivalent from ionizing radiation to
the total body or any internal organ or organ system.
A “mullirem
(znrem)”
is 1/1000 of
a rem.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from
40 CFR 141.2
(1993.4).
“Repeat compliance period” means
a compliance period that begins
after the initial compliance period.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from
40
CFR
141.2
(1993-4).
“Representative”
means
that
a
sample must reflect the quality of
water that
is delivered to consumers under conditions when all
sources required to supply water under normal conditions are
in
use and all treatment
is properly operating.
“Residual disinfectant concentration”
(“RDC” or “C”
in CT
calculations) means the
concentration of disinfectant measured in
mg/L
in a representative sample of water.
For purposes of the
requirement
of
Section
611.241(d)
of
maintaining
a detectable RDC
in the distribution system,
“RDC” means
a residual of free or
combined chlorine.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.2
(19934).
“SDWA” means the Public Health Service Act,
as amended by the Safe
Drinking Water Act,
Pub.
L.
93-523,
42
U.S.C.
300f
et
seq.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1994).
“Sanitary survey” means an onsite
review of the water source,
facilities,
equipment,
operation and maintenance
of
a public water
system
(PWS)
for the purpose
of evaluating the adequacy of such
source,
facilities,
equipment, operation and maintenance for
producing and distributing safe drinking water.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.2
(1993-4).
“Sedimentation” means a process
for removal of solids before
filtration by gravity or separation.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.2
(1993-4).
“SEP”
means
special
exception
permit
(Section
611.110).
“Slow sand filtration” means
a process involving passage of raw
water through
a bed of sand
at low velocity
(generally less than
0.4 meters per hour
(m/h)) resulting
in substantial particulate
removal by physical
and biological mechanisms.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.2
(1993-4).
“SOC”
or “Synthetic organic chemical contaminant” refers to that
group of contaminants designated as
“SOCs”, or “synthetic organic
chemicals” or
“synthetic organic contaminants”,
in U.S. EPA
regulatory discussions and guidance documents.
“SOCs”
include
alachlor, aldicarb,
aldicarb
sulfone,
aldicarb sulfoxide,
atrazine,
benzoapyrene,
carbofuran,
chlordane,
dalapon,
dibromo—
ethylene
(ethylene dibromide or EDB), dibromochloropropane
(DBCP),
di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate,
di(2—ethylhexyl)phthalate,
dinoseb,
diquat,
endothall,
endrin,
glyphosate,
heptachior,
heptachlor
epoxide,
hexachlorobenzene,
hexachlorocyclopentadiene,
lindane,
methoxychlor, oxamyl, pentachiorophenol, picloram,
simazine,
toxaphene,
polychiorinated biphenyls
(PCB5),
2,4—D,
2,3,7,8-TCDD,
and
2,4,5—TP.
“Source” means
a well,
reservoir,
or other source of raw water.
“Standard sample” means the aliquot
of finished drinking water
33
that
is
examined
for
the presence of coliform bacteria.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40
CFR 141.2
(19934).
“Supplier of water” or “supplier” means any person who owns or
operates
a public water system
(PWS).
This term includes the
“official custodian”.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.2 (1994).
“Surface water’s means all water that
is open to the atmosphere and
subject to surface runoff.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from
40
CFR
141.2
(19934).
“SWS”
means
“surface water system”,
a public water supply (PWS)
that uses only surface water sources,
including “groundwater under
the direct
influence of surface water”.
BOARD NOTE:
Drawn from 40 CFR 141.23(b) (2) and 141.24(f)(2)
note
(1993-4).
“System with a single service connection” means
a system that
supplies drinking water to consumers via
a single service line.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.2
(19934).
“Too numerous to count”
means that the total number of bacterial
colonies exceeds 200 on
a
47-mm
diameter membrane filter used for
coliform detection.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.2
(19934).
“Total trihalomethanes”
or
“TTHM” means the sum of the
concentration of trihalomethanes
(THMS),
in milligrams per
liter
(mg/I..),
rounded to two significant figures.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from the definition of “total
trihalomethanes” in
40 CFR 141.2
(1993-4).
See the
definition of
THNs for a
listing of the four compounds that U.S.
EPA considers
TTHMs to comprise.
“Transient,
non—community
water
“TNCWC” means
a public water
~y
system”
or “transient non—CWS” e~
3tem (PWC)non—CWS that ia ncithcr
a
community
water
system (“CWC”)
nor
a
non
transient,
nonoommunity
water cyotem
“NTNCW~”)does not reQularly serve at least 25 of the
same persons over six months of the year
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.2
(1994).
The federal
regulations apply to all “public water systems”, which are defined
as all systems having at least
15 service connections or regularly
serving water to at
least 25 persons.
See 42 U.S.C.
5300f(4).
The Act mandates that the Board and the Agency regulate “public
water supplies”, which
it defines as having at least
15 service
connections or regularly serving 25 persons daily at least 60 days
per year.
See
Ii..
Rev. Stat.
1991 oh.
llVj,
par.
lOOSection 3.28
of the Act
(415 ILCS 5/3.28).
The Department of Public Health
regulates transient non—community
water systems.
“Treatment” means any process that changes the physical,
chemical,
microbiological, or radiological properties of water,
is under the
control
of
the
supplier,
and is not
a “point of use” or
“point of
entry treatment
device”
as defined in this
Section.
“Treatment”
includes,
but
is not limited to aeration, coagulation,
sedimentation, filtration,
activated carbon treatment,
disinfection,
and fluoridation.
“Trihalomethane”
or “THM” means one of the family of organic
compounds,
named as derivatives of methane,
in which three of the
four hydrogen atoms
in methane are each substituted by a halogen
34
atom
in the molecular structure.
The THMs are:
Trichloromethane (chloroform),
Dibromochloromethane,
Bromodichloromethane and
Tribromomethane
(bromoform)
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from
the
definitions
of
“total
trihalomethanes”
and “trihalomethanes” in 40 CFR 141.2
(1994).
“pg” means micrograms
(1/1,000,000th of a gram).
“U.S. EPA” means the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
“Virus” means
a virus of fecal origin that is infectious to humans
by waterborne
transmission.
“voc”
or
“volatile
organic
chemical contaminant”
refers to that
group of
contaminants designated as
“VOCs”,
or “volatile organic
chemicals” or “volatile organic contaminants”,
in U.S. EPA
regulatory discussions and guidance documents.
“VOCs”
include
benzene, dichioromethane,
tetrachloromethane
(carbon tetra—
chloride),
trichloroethylene,
vinyl chloride,
1, 1,l—trichloro—
ethane
(methyl chloroform),
1,1-dichloroethylene,
1,2—dichloro—
ethane,
cis—l,2—dichloroethylene,
ethylbenzene,
monochlorobenzene,
o—dichlorobenzene,
styrene,
1,2,4-trichlorobenzene,
1,1,2—
trichioroethane,
tetrachioroethylene,
toluene, trans—1,2-dichloro—
ethylene,
xylene,
and
1,2—dichloropropane.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.2
(1993.4).
“Waterborne disease outbreak” means the significant occurrence of
acute infectious illness,
epidemiologically associated with the
ingestion of water from a public water system
(PWS)
that
is
deficient in treatment,
as
determined by
the
appropriate local or
State agency.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.2
(1993-4).
“Wellhead Protection Program” means the wellhead protection
program
for
the
State
of
Illinois,
approved
by
U.S.
EPA
under
Section
1428
of
the
SDWA.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.71(b)
(1993-4).
The
wellhead
protection program will
include the “groundwater protection needs
assessment”
under
Section
17,1
of
the
Act,
and
regulations
to
be
adopted
in
35
Ill.
Adm.
Code
615
et
seq.
(Source:
Amended at
19
Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
_____________________)
Section
611.102
Incorporations by Reference
a)
Abbreviations.
The
following
abbreviated names are used in this
Part to refer
to
materials incorporated by reference:
“AEPA—l Polymer”
is available from Advanced Polymer Systems.
“ASTM”
means
American
Society
for
Testing
and
Materials.
“Z~,tomioT~boorption-t’latfoEmFurnace Hothod” or “AA-I’latform
Furnace- Method” moans
&tabiliEod
Temperature
“Detctmination of
Graphite
Furnaca
T~aeo
~tomio
I~lomento—by
Absorpt~on
35
6pcctromctry
Method
200-.’)”
“Colisure test”
means “Colisure Presence/Absence Test for
Detection_and Identification of Coliform Bacteria
and
Escherichia Ccli in Drinkinc Water”,
available from
Mil1i~ore
Corporation.
“Indigo method”
is
as
described in
“gtandard Methodo”,
17th
gdition, Method 450O—O,—~--
“Inductively Coupled Plasma Haoo Cpectromotry Method”
or
“lOP—MS Method” means ‘~Dotorminationof Trace Elements in
Water and Wastes by Inductively-Coupled Plasma—Maca
Cpectromctry
—
Method 200.8”
“Inductively Coupled
Plasma
Method 200.7” or “ICP Method
200.7” moans “Inductively Coupled Plaoma—1\tomio Emission
Bpcctromctric Method for Trace Element Analy3io
in Water and
Wastes
Method 200.7, with appendix”.
Ccc 40 CFR
136,
Appcndic C,
“Inductively Coupled Plasma Method 200.7,
Rev.
3.2” or “lOP
Method 200.7,
Rev.
3.2”
means “Determination of Metals and
Trace Elements
in Water and Wastes by Inductively Coupled
Plasma-Momic Emission Speotrometry
——
Method 200.7,.
Revision 3.2”
Ccc
40 CFR 136, ~ppcndix
C.
“Ion Chromatography Method 300.0” means “Determination of
Inorganic
Ions
in
Water
by
Ion Chromatography
—-
Method
300. 0”
“Microbiological Methods” means “Microbiological Methods for
Monitoring the Environment,
Water and Wastes”,- available
from
NTIC.
“MMO~g1—Muc
Test” jmeanejj~g“minimal medium ortho—
nitrophenyl—beta-d—galactopyranoside—4—methyl-umbel
1iferyl-
beta—d—glucuronide test”), also called the “Autoanalysis
Colilert System”,
is Method 9223, available in “Standard
Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater”,
18th
ed.,
from
Environetiop,
IncAxnerican Public Health
Association.
“NCRP” means “National Council on Radiation Protection”.
“NTIS” means “National Technical Information Service”.
“Radiochemical Methods” means
“Interim Radiochemical
Methodology for Drinking Water”,
available from NTIS.
“Standard
Methods”,
means
“Standard
Methods
for
the
Examination
of
Water
and
Wastewater”,
available from
~
American Public Health Association or the American
Waterworks Association.
“Technical
Bulletin
601”
means
“Technical Bulletin 601,
“Standard Method of Test
for Nitrate
in Drinking Water”,
July,
1994,
available
from Analytical Technolocty,
Inc.
“Technicon
Methods”
means
“Fluoride
in
Water
and
Wastewater”, available from Technicon.
36
“UC~P1~.
?~sbcstos
Methods” or
“U.S. EPA Asbestos
Methods-’
100.1’
means Method 100.1,
“Analytical Method
for
Determination of Asbestos
Fibers
in Water”,
available from
NTIS.
“U.S.
EPA Asbestos Methods-100.2” means Method
100.2,
“Determination of Asbestos Structures over
10—jim in Length
in Drinking Water”, available from NTIS.
“-UCEPA
Dioxin and Furan
Me-thod 1613” or “U.S.
EPA Dioxin and
Furan
Method
1613”
means
“Tetra—
through
Octa-’ Chlorinated
Dioxins and Furans by Isotope~DilutionHRGC/HRMS”,
available
from UCEPA OCTNTIS.
“U.S.
EPA Environmental
Inorganics Methods” means
“Methods
for
the
Determination
of
Inorganic
Substances
in
Environmental Samples”,
available from NTIS.
“USEPA Environmental Metals Methods”
or “U.S.
EPA
Environmental Metals Methods” means “Methods
for the
Determination
of Metals
in Environmental Samples”,
available
from NTIS.
“USEP1~.Inorganic Methods”
or
“U.S.
EPA Inorganic Methods”
means
“Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water
and Wastes”,
available from NTIS and ORD Publications.
“11
~
‘.fl)’~
T
—.
~
~
1.~
.4
1
r,n
r~
~‘
“t 1
cl
t’ r~~
T
—.
unromacograpny
.~
Chromatography
Method
300.0”
mcan~
‘Method
3-00.0,
Dctcrmit~ation
of
Inor
.
ganic
Anions
in
Water
..~-.1
by
Ion
.~.ography”,
“UCEPA-
Organic
Methods”
or “U.S.
EPA Organic Methods’s means
“Methods
for
the-
Determin-ati~n
of
Organic
Compounds
in
Finichcd Drinking Water and
Raw
Source
Water”,
September,
1186, pvailable from NTIS and UCEPA—EMSL,
for the
purposes
of
Section
611.647
onlyt
“Methods
for
the
Determination
of
Organic Compounds in Drinking Water”,
December,
lO88July,
199.1,
for
Methods
502.2,
505,
507,
508,
5O8A,
515,1,
and
531.1;
“Methods
for
the
Determination
of
Organic
Compounds
in Drinking Water——Supplement
I”,
July,
1990,
for Methods
506,
547,
550,
550.1, and 551; and “Methods for the
Determination
of
Organic
Compounds
in
Drinking
Water—-
Supplement
II”,
August,
1992,
for
Methods
515.2,
524,2
548.1,
549.1,
552.1,
and
555,
available
from
NTIS
and
ORD
1uLJii~iu:I~J,
~ur
~n’~
purp~.~u~
QL
~.t~C~.LUI1L
~
~riu
~11.618
only~
and
“Hcthoda
for
the
Determination
of
Or~anio
Compounds
in
Drinking
Water”,
available-from
NTIS,
for
the
purposes of Section
611.68-5
only.
Methods
504.1,
508.1.
and
525.2 are available from EPA EMSL.
“USGS Methods” means ~
for Dctcrminat-ion of Inorganic
Substances in Water and Fluvial &ed-imcnts”Methods of
Analysis
by
the
U.S.
Geological
Survey
National Water
Quality Laboratory-—Determination of Inorganic and Organic
Constituents
in Water and Fluvial Sediments”,
available from
NTIS and USGS.
b)
The Board incorporates the following publications by reference:
Chrom3~
Access
Analytical
Systems,
Inc.,
See
Environetics,
Inc.
37
American Public Health Association,
1015 Fifteenth Street
NW,
Washington,
DC 20005
800—645—5476:
Standard Methods for the Examination
of
Water
and
Wastewater,
18th Edition,
1992.
See the methods
listed
for
the
same
reference
under American Water
Works Association.
Supplement to the 18th edition of Standard Methods
for
the Examination of Water and Wastewater,
1994.
Analytical Technology,
Inc.
ATI Orion,
529 Main Street,
Boston,
MA
02129:
Technical Bulletin 601,
“Standard Method of Test
for
Nitrate
in Drinking Water”,
July,
1994,
PN 221890—001.
ASTM.
American Society
for Testing and Materials,
1976 Race
Street,
Philadelphia,
PA
19103
2l5~299—5S85:
ASTM Method
D5l1-8~893
A and
B,
“Standard Test Methods
for Calcium and Magnesium
in Water”, approved
19881993.
ASTM
Method
D515-88_A,
“Standard Test Methods for
Phosphorus
in Water”,
approved August
19,
1988.
ASTM Method D858—88,
“Standard Test Methods
for
Manganese
in Water”,
approved August
19,
1988.
ASTM Method D859-88, ,Standard Test Method for Silica
in Water”, approved August
19,
1988.
ASTM Method D1067-8~92S, “Standard Test Methods
for
Acidity or Alkalinity in Water”, approved -l9BSMay
15.
1992.
ASTM Method D1125-.8-2B91_A, “Standard Test Methods for
Electrical Conductivity and Resistivity of Water”,
approved October 29,
l9S2June
15,
1991.
ASTM Method Dl179-~!~Aor
B “Standard Test Methods
for Fluoride in Water”,
approved July 22,
197-2-r
roapprovcd 1978~.
ASTM Method Dl293-84& “Standard Test Methods for pH of
Water”,
approved October 26,
1984.
ASTII Method D1428-6-4,
“Standard Test -Methods for
Sodium and Potassium in—Water and Water Fermcd
Do-posits
by Flame Photometry”, approved August --1,
1964, roapproved 1977.
ASTM Method D1688—90 A or C,
“Standard
Test Methods
for Copper
in Water”,
approved March
15,
1990.
ASTM Method D2O36-~9L.Aor B,
“Standard Test Methods
for Cyanide in Water”,
approved September 15, 19~9i.
ASTM Method
02459-72,
“Standard Test Method for Gamma
Spectrometry
in Water,”
1975,
reapproved
1981,
discontinued 1988.
38
ASTM Method D2907—83,
“Standard Test Methods
for
Microguantities of Uranium in Water by Fluorometry”,
approved May
27,
1983.
ASTM Method D2972—BSA
or93
B
or
C,
“Standard Test
Methods
for Arsenic
in Water”,
approved 19?8~.
ASTM Method D3223-a691,
“Standard Test Method for
Total Mercury
in Water”,
approved February
28,
1986September
23,
1991.
ASTM Method D3559-8~90D, “Standard Test Methods
for
Lead
in Water”,
approved 3-985August
6,
1990.
ASTM
Method
D3645-8493B,
“Standard
Test
Methods
for
Beryllium
in Water, Method B—-Atomic Absorption,
Graphite Furnace”,
approved
Jan-,
27,
l9S4~.
ASTM Method D3697-8~3.92, “Standard Test Method for
Antimony in Water”,
approved June
15,
198-92.
ASTM Method
D3859—8493A,
“Standard Test Methods for
Selenium
in Water, Method A—-Atomic Absorption,
Hydride Method”, approved 19S4~.
ACTU
Method D3859
88,
“Standard Test Methods for
,r~-rvicd
Junc 24,
1988.
ASTM
Method
D3867-90
A
and
B,
‘~Standard Test
Methods
for Nitrite—Nitrate
in Water’, approved January
10,
1990,
ASTM Method D4327-S-&91,
“Standard Test Method for
Anions
in Water by Ion Chromatography”,
approved
1-988October
15,
1991.
American Waterworks Association et
al., 6666 West Quincy
Ave.,
Denver,
CO
80235
-f~303-)—--794-7711:
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and
Wastewater,
13th
Edition,
1971.
Method
302, Gross Alpha and Gross Beta
Radioactivity in Water
(Total,
Suspended and
Dissolved.
Method
303,
Total Radioactive
Strontium and
Strontium 90 in Water.
Method
304,
Radium
in Water by Precipitation.
Method 305, Radium 226 by Radon
in Water
(Soluble,
Suspended and Total).
Method 306, Tritium in Water.
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and
~1’~-”’-tcr, 14th Edition,
19-76.
etnoa
.~itA,
Ture~uity, Uopheiomct
ephclornetric Turbidity Units- (for
•f Section 611.-560 turbidity only)
39
Methods
320
and
320A,
Sodium,
Flame
Photomol
Method.
~rd
Methods
for
the
Examination
of
Water
and
:ater,
16th
Edition,
1955.
Method 212,
Temperature.
Method 214A,
Turbidity,
Nephclomctric Method
Mephelemetric
Turbidity Units
(foe the
purposes
of Section 611.631 microbiological
only-).
Method
303A,
Determination
of Antimony,
etc. by
Direct Aspiration
into an Air-Acetylene Flame.
Method 303E,
Determination of Arsenic and
&elenium by Conversion to Their flydridco by
Sodium Dorohydridc
Reagent
and
Aspiration
into
an Atomic Absorption Atomizer.
Method
304, Determination of Micro Quantities of
Aluminum,
etc.
by
Electrothermal
Atomic
Abo-orpt ion
Spcctz-omctry.
Method
30Th,
Arsenic,
Atomic
Absorption
Cpcctrophotomctric Method.
Method 3078,
Arsenic,
Silver
Diothyldithiocar—
bamate Method.
Method 408C, Chlorine
(Residual), Amporomotria
Titration
Method-.
Method 405D, Chlorine
(Residual),
DPD Ferrous
Titrimctric Method.
Method 408E,
Chlorine
(Residual), DPD
Colorimetric Hcthod-~-
Method
40SF,
Chlorine
(Residual),.
Lcuoo
Cryota~
Violet Method.
Method 410B, Chlorine Diotide, Amperomctrio
Method.
Method
410C,
Chlorine Dioxide,
DPD Method
-(-Tentative).
Method 4l3A,
Fluoride,
Preliminary Distillation
Step.
Method 4138,
Fluoride,
Electrode Method.
Metho-d
4130,
Fluoride,
CPADNC Method.
Method 413E,
Fluoride, Complononc Method.
Method 423,
pH-Value.
Method 90Th,
Pour Plate Method.
Method
908,
Mu-itipic
Tube
Fermentation
Tcchniaue
40
for Mcmbcrs~
Method
908A,
(MPN)
Toots.
._._,
~~-.—-—.
~
rietnou Ju~, i~.ppiicatLonor
i’C3t3
to
ttOU-tLflC
Examinations.
Method 908C,—Focal Goliform MPN Pro-ccdure.
Method 9OSD, Estimation of Spotorial Density.
Method 908E, Presence Absence-
(I’ A)
0-eliferm
Test
(Tentative)-.
Method
909,.
Membrane Filter -T-cchni-que
for
Members of the Coliform Croup.
Method 909A,
Standard Total Coliform Membrane
Filter Procedure.
Method 909B,
Delayed
Incubation Total Coliform
Procedure,
Method 90~C,Fccal coliform
Procedure
of Watcr
and
Method 2320, Alkalinity.
Method 2510, Conductivity.
Method 2550,
Temperature.
3111
3, Metals by Fl
-Atomic At
~~mctry,
Direct Air-Ac~~..cneFlame
~
lle-t
ttod
~-~‘-—-.
nr~rnc~r1
~oorption
-
Method
1
TI,
Metals
~~.~n;i-r~-s-
by Flame
-r~,i~
Atomic
~
ADsorption
~pcctre
Fl~utL
Method 3112
B, Metals by Cold-Vapor Atomio
Absorption cpcctrometry, Cold Vapor Atomic
Absorption Gpcctromctric Method,
Method 3113,
Metals by Elcotrothermal Atomic
Absorption Cpcctromctry.
Method 3113
-B, Metals by Electrothermal Atomic
Absorption Cpcctromctry,
Electrothermal Atomic
Absorption Cpectromctric Method.
Method 3114
B, Metals by Hydride Coneration/
Atomia Absorption Spcotrometry, Manual Hydride
Generation/Atomic- Absorption Speotrometrie
Method.
41
- -
rtlmarou
r
Method 4500—CN D,
Cyanide, Titrimetrie
Mctho-th
Method
4500—CN 3,
Cyanide, Colorimctric Method.
Hot-hod-
4500
CN
F,
Cyanide, Cyanide-Selective
Electrode Method.
Method 4500 CN C,
Cyanide, Cyanides Amenable to
Chlorination after Distillation.
Method
4500—H.t,
p11 Value.
Method 4500-N0,
E,
Nitrogen (Nitrate), Cadmium
Reduction Method.
Method 4S00-N0~Fr Nitrogen
(Nitrate), Automated
Cadmium Reduction Method.
Method 4500
0,,
Ozone
(Residual),
Indi~go
Color-irnetric Method
(Proposed).
Method 4500-P F,
Phosphorus, Automated Ascorbic
Acid Reduction Method.
Method- 4500 Ci D,
Silica,
Holybdosilisato
Method.
Met-hod
4500 Ci
E,
C-ilica,
Uctoropoly Blue
Method.
Hethod 4500 Ci
F,
Silica, Automated method
for
Holybdatc Reactive Silica.
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and
Wastewater,
18th Edition,
1992:
Method 2130
B,
Turbidity,
Nephelometric Method.
Method 2320
3, Alkalinity, Titration Method.
Method 2510
3, Conductivity,
Laboratory Method.
Method
2550
B, Temperature,
Laboratory and Field
Methods.
Method 3111
B, Metals by Flame Atomic Absorption
Spectrometry, Direct Air—Acetylene Flame Method.
Method 3111
D,
Metals
by Flame Atomic Absorption
Spectrometry, Direct Nitrous Oxide-Acetylene
Flame Method.
Method 3112
B,
Metals by Cold—Vapor Atomic
Absorption Spectrometry,
Cold—Vapor Atomic
Absorption Spectrometric Method.
Method 3500 Ca
0,
Calcium, EDTA Titrimetri-o
Method.
Method 4110, Determination of Anions by Ion
42
Method
3113
B,
Metals by Electrothermal Atomic
Absorption Spectrometry,
Electrothermal Atomic
Absorption Spectrometric
Method.
Method 3114
B,
Metals by Hydride Generation/
Atomic Absorbtion Spectrometry,
Manual Hydride
Generation/Atomic Absorbtion Spectrometry.
Method
3120
B,
Metals by Plasma Emission
Spectroscopy,
Inductively Coupled Plasma
(ICP)
Method.
Method 3500-Ca
D,
Calcium, EDTA Titrimetric
Method.
Method 4110
8,
Determination
of Anions by Ion
Chromatography,
Ion Chromatography with Chemical
Suppression of Eluant Conductivity.
Method 4500—CN
C,
Cyanide,
Total Cyanide after
Distillation.
Method 4500-CN
E,
Cyanide,
Colorimetric Method.
Method
4500—CN
F,
Cyanide, Cyanide—Selective
Electrode Method.
Method 4500—CN
G,
Cyanide,
Cyanides Amenable to
Chlorination after Distillation.
Method 4500—Cl
D,
Chlorine
(Residual),
Amperometric Titration Method.
Method 4500-Cl
E, Chlorine
(Residual), Low—Level
Amperometric Titration Method.
Method 4500—Cl
F,
Chlorine
(Residual),
DPD
Ferrous Titrimetric Method.
(Residual), DPD
Method
4500—Cl G, Chlorine
Colorimetric Method.
Method
4500—Cl
H, Chlorine
(Residual),
Syringaldazine
(FACTS) Method.
Method 4500—Cl
I, Chlorine
(Residual),
lodometric Electrode Method.
Method 4500-ClO,
C, Chlorine Dioxide,
Amperometric Method
I.
Method 4500—ClO~D, Chlorine Dioxide, DPD
Method.
Method 4500—do,
E,
Chlorine Dioxide,
Amperometric Method II
(Proposed).
Method
4500—F
B,
Fluoride, Preliminary
Distillation Step.
Method 4500—F
C,
Fluoride, Ion—Selective
43
Electrode Method.
Method 4500—F
D.,
Fluoride,
SPADNS Method.
Method 450O-~ B,
Fluoride, Complexone Method.
Method 4500—H~B,
pH Value, Elecrtometric
Method.
Method 4500-NOv
B, Nitrogen (NitriteL,
Colorimetric Method.
Method 4500-NO;
D,
Nitrogen
(Njtrate),
Nitrate
Electrode Method.
Method
4500—NO.,
B,
Nitrogen LNitrate),
Cadmium
Reduction Method.
Method 4500-N0
F, Nitrogen
(Nitrate), Automated
Cadmium Reduction Method.
Method 450O-O~L Ozone
(Residual)
(Proposed),
Indigo Colorimetric Method.
Method 4500-P
E,
Phosphorus,
Ascorbic Acid
Method.
Method 4500—P F,
Phosphorus, Automated Ascorbic
Acid Reduction Method.
Method 4500-Si
D,
Silica, Holybdosilicate
Method.
Method 4500—Si
3,
Silica, Heteropoly Blue
t~ethod.
Method 4~cC.)—Si F,
Silica, Automated Method for
Molybdate-Reactive Silica.
Method 4500—SQ,2
C,
Sulfate, Gravimetric Method
with
Ignition of Residue.
Method
4500—SO~2 D,
Sulfate,
Gravimetric
Method
with Drying of Residue.
Method
4500—SO.2
F,
Sulfate,
Automated
Methylthymol Blue Method.
Method 6651,
Glyphosate Herbicide
(Proposed).
Method 9215
B,
Heterotrophic Plate Count,
Pour
Plate Method.
Method 9221
A, Multiple—Tube Fermentation
Technique for Members of the Coliform Group,
Introduction.
Method 9221
8, Multiple—Tube Fermentation
Technique
for Members of
the Coliform Group,
Standard Total Coliform Fermentation Technique.
44
Method 9221
C, Multiple-Tube Fermentation
Technique
for Members
of
the Coliform Group,
Estimation of Bacterial Density.
Method 9221
0, Multiple—Tube Fermentation
Technique
for Members
of the Coliforrn Group,
Presence—Absence
(P-A) Coliform Test.
Method 9222
A, Membrane Filter Technique for
Members
of
the
Coliform
Group,
Introduction.
Method
9222
3,
Membrane
Filter
Technique
for
Members of the Coliforrn Group,
Standard Total
Coliform Membrane Filter Procedure.
Method 9222 C, Membrane Filter Technique for
Members of the Coliform Group, Delayed—
Incubation Total Coliform Procedure.
Method 9223,
Chromogenic Substrate Coliform Test
(Proposed).
Standard Methods
for the Examination of Water and
Wastewater,
18th Edition Supplement,
1994:
Method 6610,
Carbamate Pesticides.
Advanced Polymer Systems,
3696 Haven Avenue, Redwood City,
CA
94063
415~—366—262G:
AEPA—l Polymer.
See 40 CFR 141.22(a).
Also,
as
referenced
in ASTM D1889.
Environotico,
Inc.,
~i.
Du~ne55 Park Drive,
~renroru,
CT
06405
800/321-0207i
MMO-HIJC
tcats~—Colilcrt
ri/A
or Colilert
IIPN.
ERDA Health and Safety Laboratory,
New York,
NY:
HASL Procedure Manual, HASL
300,
1973.
See 40 CFR
141.25(b) (2).
Millipore Corporation, Technical Services Department,
80
Ashby Road,
Milford, MA
01730
800-654—5476:
Colisure Presence/Absence Test
for Detection and
Identification of Coliform Bacteria and Escherichia
Coli in Drinking Water,
February 28,
1994.
Millipore Corporation, Waters Chromatography Division,
34
Maple St.,
Milford, MA
01757
8007L~2S2_4752:
Waters Test Method for the Determination of
Nitrite/Nitrate
in
Water
Using
Single Column Ion
Chromatography,
Method
B—loll.
NCRP.
National Council on Radiation Protection,
7910
Woodmont Ave.,
Bethesda,
MD
+3Ol~)—~6S7—26S2:
“Maximum
Permissible
Body
Burdens
and
Maximum
Permissible Concentrations
of Radionuclides in Air and
45
in Water for Occupational Expesure”,
NCRP
Report
Number
22,
June
5,
1959.
NTIS.
National Technical Information Service,
U.S.
Department of Commerce,
5285
Port Royal Road,
Springfield,
VA
22161
(703)
487—4600
or
-f800±——336—4700553—6847:
Method 100.2,
“Analytical Method for Determination of
Asbesto8 Fibers
in Water:, EPA-600/4—83—043,
September,
1983,
Doc.
No.
PB83—2S0471.
Method 100.2,
“Determination of Asbestos Structures
over
1O-um
in
Length
in
Drinking
Water”,
EPA—600/4—83-
043,
June,
1994,
Dec.
No.
P394—201902.
“Methods
o-f
Chemical Analyoio of Water
arid
Was-too”,
March,
19-79.
EPA-600/4-79-020,
Doe.
No.
P884—297686.
“Methods
for
Chemical
Analysis
of
Water
and
Wastes”,
March,
1983,
Doc.
No.
P384—128677,
for all
methods
referenced except methods
180.1 (turbidity, Section
611.560)
and 273.1
and 273.2
(sodium,
Ceoti-en
611.-630-)Methods
150.1,
150.2,
and
245.2,
which
formerly appeared
in this reference,
are available
from U.S. EPA EMSL.
“-Methods
for Chemical Analysis of Water and Waotco~’,
March,
i’~i~
r’~--~
~
ppg1’~7’7
--
e~ I
r~n.
~
~
I
.....2
~
180-.1
-(turbidity,
Cecti~...
~
.2
3Odiuu~,
Cection 611.630).
“Methods
for
the
Determination
of Metals
in
Environmental
Samples”, June,
1991,
Doc. No.
PB91—
231498.
“Methods
for the Determination
of Organs- Compounds in
F~ini-ehcdDrinking
Water
and
flaw Source Water”,
EI’A/600/4 88/039,
September,
1986,
Doc.
No.
P389—
220461.
(For the purposes of Section 611.647 only-.~
“Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in
Drin1~ingWater”,
Et’A/600/4 88/03~i,December,
1q88,
Doe. Non. P391—231480 and P391—146027.
(For the
purposes of Section 611.646 and 611.648 only,
including Method 515.1,
revision 5.0 and )latha-d 52S.~1,
---—
mctnoao
“Methods
for
the
Determination
of
Organic
Compounds
in
Finished Drinking Water”,
EP-A/600/4 83/O39December,
1988, revised July,
1991,
EPA—600/4—88/039.
(For ~he
purposes of Section 611.685 only;
including--methods
502.2,
505,
507,
508,
508A,
515.1 and 524.2531.1.)
“Methods for the Determination
of Organic Compounds
in
Finished Drinking Water——Supplement
I” July.
1990,
EPA—600-~4—9O—020.
(For methods 506,
547,
550,
550.1,
and
551.)
“Methods
for
the
Determination
of
Organic
Compounds
in
Finished Drinking Water——Supplement
II” August,
1992,
EPA—600/R—92—129.
(For
methods
515.2,
524.2,
548.1,
549.1,
552.1 and 5S5.~
46
,
~
c.,..
t,.._:....._..:
a..#’,a..._.aa
Environment:
W-i-n-t-e-r.
1978.
..
. .~....a
a.
. .~..e
n
a.
... ‘.1
a.
Water
and
Wastes”,
fl.
Bodner
EPl\-600-18—-38—013.
Doe.
No.
and
J.
P3290—
~29,’LP.
~~Proceduresfor Radiochemical Analysis of Nuclear
Reactor Aqueous Solutions”,
H.L. Krieger
and S.
Gold,
EPA—R4—73—014,
May,
1973,
Doe.
No.
P3222—154/7BA.
“Technical Notes on Drinking Water Methods”, EPA—600/
R—94—173,
October,
1994.
BOARD
NOTE:
U.S.
EPA
made
the
following
assertion
with regard
to this reference at 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1)
arid
141.24(e)
and
(n)(11)
(1994):
This
document
contains other analytical test procedures and approved
analytical methods
that remain available
for
compliance monitoring until July
1,
1996.
“Tetra— through Octa— Chlorinated Dioxins and Furans
by Isotope Dilution HRGC/HRMS”, October,
1994,
EPA—
~2
1—8—94—005.
“Methods for Chemica-1 Analysis of
Water
arid
Was-tea”,-
March,
1083,
(CPA
600/4
70
02-0),
for
all
methods
referenced enoept methods- 180.1
(turbidity,
Scotion
611.560) and 273.1 and 273.2 ~codium, Ceotion
6-1-1-.
630-.-
“Methods
for Chemical Analysis-
of
Water
and
Wastes”,
March,
1939,
(EPA-600/4—79—020),
only
for
methods
180.1
(turbidity,
Cc-cti-on~
611.560)
and 273.1 and 273.2
...m.
r-l-ictn
1~fl\~.
“Methods
for the Doterminati
Drinking Water”, EPA/600/4-88/039, December,
1988,
Doe.
floe.
P891 231480 and P391
146027.
(For the
purposes
of
Ccctiori 611.646
Orion Research,
Inc.,
529 Main St.,
Boston, MA
02129
800~L—
225—1480:
Orion Guide to Water and Wastewater Analysis,
Form
WeWWG/5880,
p.
5.
Technicon Industrial Systems,
Tarrytown,
NY
10591:
“Fluoride
in Water and Wastewater”,
Industrial Method
#129—71W,
December,
1972
See 40 CFR 141.23(f)(10),
footnotes
6 and
7.
“Fluoride in Water and Wastewater”,
#380—75WE,
February,
1976.
See 40 CFR l41.23(f)(10),
footnotes
6
arid
7.
United
States
Environmental Protection Agency,
EMSL,
EPA,-
Cincinnati,
OH
45268
513—569—7586:
‘~Thc2\nalyoio of Trihaloniathanea.
in Drinking
Wator.-e- -by
the
Purge
and
Tr ap
Method”,
Method
Appendix--C.
501.1.
Ccc
40
CFfl
141, Subpart -C,
47
“The Analysis of Trihalomethancs
in Drinking Water by
~,iquid/LiquidExtraction,”
~cthod 501.2.
Goo—40 CPR
141,
Subpart C~Appendix
C.
“Inductivcly Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission
Speotromotric Method ~or Trace Element Analysis in
Water and
tr1aatoo
-
H~thod200-.7, with AppondiK to
Method 200.7” entitled,
“Induotivoly Coupled Plasma—
Atomic Emission-Analysis of Drinking Water”
(Appendix
200.7A), March
3.987
(Et’A/6GO/4
91/010.
Ccc 40
CPa
136, Appendix C.
“Interim Radiochemical Methodology for Drinking
Water”, EPA—600/4—75—008
(Revised) March,
1976.
“Methods
for
the
Determination
of
Organic
Compounds
in
Finished Drinking Water and Raw Source Water”,
September,
1-986methods
504.1,
508.1,
and
525.2.
~For
the -purposco of Section 611.647 only).
See NTIS.
‘~Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes”.
See NTIS and ORD Publications.
Methods
150.1,
150.2,
and 245.2, which
formerly appeared
in this reference,
are
available
from
U.S.
EPA
EMSL.
“Microbiological
Methoda
for Monitoring the
Environment, Water and Wastes”.
Ccc
NTIS.
1’Volatile- Organic Compounds
in Water by Purge and Trap
Capillary Cao Chromatography/Macs Cpcctrometry”,
Method 524.2, order
number P391—231480.
(For purposes
of Scation~611.685 only.)
Ccc NTIS.-
“Volatile Organic Compounds
in Water by Purge and Trap
Capillary Cao Chromatography
w-Lth Photoionisation and
Electrolytic Conductivity Deoteotor in Series”,
Hot-hod
50-2.2, order number PB 01
231-480.
(-For purcoocs of
CCCti~n
621r685-Oflly.)
Ccc NTIS.
“Procedures
for Radiochemical Analysis of Nuclear
Reactor Aqueous Solutions”.
See NTIS.
U.-B.-
EPA—OCT
(United States Environmental Protcotion
Agency-,-
Officc of
Science
and Technology), P.O Box 1407,
Arlington,-
VA
22313*
through
Octa
Chlorinated
Dioxina
arid
~r~cDilution”.
United States Environmental Protection Agency, Science and
Technology Branch, Criteria and Standards Division,
Office
of Drinking Water, Washington D.C.
20460:
“Guidance Manual for Compliance with the Filtration
and Disinfection Requirements for Public Water Systems
using Surface Water Sources”, October,
1989.
USGS.
Books and Open—File Reports Section, United States
Geological Survey,
1961 Stout Bt.Federal Center, Box 25425,
Denver, CO
802~425—0425 3031341—4169:
Methods available upon request by method number from
48
d)
(Source:
Section
a)
“Methods of Analysis by
the
U.S. Geological Survey
National Water quality Laboratory—-Determination of
Inorganic and Organic Constituents
in Water and
Fluvial
Sediments”,
Open
File
Report
93—125
or
Book
5,
Chapter
A—i,
“Methods
for
Determination
of
Inorganic
Substances
in Water
arid Fluvial Sediments”,
3d
ed..,
Open-File Report 85-495,
1989, as
appropriate.Tcohniquca of Water—Resources
Investigation ot
the- United &tatc~Ccologiaal
Curvey-~-
uoo:~
~,
~aapter-A—i,
~xictziouo
~or
uct-ernu.natwn
Inorganic Cubotanoeo
in Water and Fluvia.
merits”,
3d cd., Open File
rtcport
85-495,
5-edi
-1-98-9
.-:
1—1030—85
1—1062—85
1—1601—85
1—1700—85
1—2598—85
1—2601—90
1—2700—85
1—3300—85
C)
The Board incorporates the following
federal regulations by
reference:
40
CFR
136, Appendix B and C (199~).
40 CFR 141,
Subpart
C,
Appendix C (199~).
This Part incorporates no later amendments or editions.
Amended at
19
Ill. Reg.
________,
effective
_____________________
611.110
Special Exception Permits
Unless otherwise specified,
each Agency determination
in this Part
is to be made by way of
a written permit pursuant to Section 39(a)
of the Act.
Such permit
is
titled
a
“special
exception” permit
(“SE?”).
b)
No
person
shall
cause
or
allow
the violation of any condition of a
SEP.
C)
The supplier may appeal
the
denial of
or the conditions of a
SEP
to the Board pursuant to Section 40
of
the
Act.
d)
A SEP may be initiated either:
1).
By
an application filed
by
the supplier; or
2)
By
the
Agency,
when
authorized
by Board regulations.
BOARD
NOTE:
The
Board
does
not
intend
to
mandate
by
any
49
provision
of
this
Part
that
the
Agency
exercise
its
discretion and initiate
a
SEP
pursuant
to
subsection
(d)(2)
above.
Rather, the Board intends to clarify by this
subsection that the Agency may
opt to initiate a SEP without
receiving a request
from the supplier.
e)
The Agency shall evaluate
a request for
a
SEP
from the monitoring
requirements of Section 611.601
(inorganic chemical contaminants),
only as to monitoring for
cyanide; Section 611.646(e)
and
(f)
(Phase
I,
Phase
II,
and Phase V VOCS),-j Section 611.646(d), only
as to initial monitoring for
1,2,4-trichlorobenzene.,-.L Section
611.648(a)
(for
Phase
II,
Phase
115,
and
Phase
V
SOCa)
or Section
611.510
(for unregulated organic contaminants)
on
the
basis
of
knowledge of previous use (including transport,
storage,
or
disposal)
of the contaminant
in the watershed or zone of influence
of the system,
as determined pursuant to 35 Ill.
Adm.
Code 671:
1)
If the Agency determines that there was no prior
use of the
contaminant,
it
shall
grant
the
SE?,
or
2)
If the contaminant was previously used or the previous use
was unknown,
the Agency shall consider the following
factors:
A)
Previous analytical
results;
B)
The proximity of the system to any possible point
source of contamination
(including spills or leaks
at
or near
a water treatment facility;
at manufacturing,
distribution, or storage facilities;
from hazardous
arid
municipal
waste
land
fills;
or
from
waste
handling
or treatment facilities) or non—point source of
contamination
(including the use of pesticides and
other
land application uses
of
the
contaminant);
C)
The environmental persistence arid transport of the
contaminant;
D)
How
well the water source is protected against
contamination,
including whether
it
is
a SWS or
a GWS:
i)
A
GWS
must
consider
well depth,
soil type,
well
casing integrity,
and wellhead protection;
and
ii)
A SWS must consider watershed protection;
and
E)
For Phase
II,
Phase
115,
and Phase V SOCs
and
unregulated organic contaminants (pursuant to Section
611,631 or 611.648):
i)
Elevated nitrate levels at the water source; and
ii)
The use of PCBs
in equipment used in the
production,
storage,
or distribution of water
(including pumps, transformers, etc.); and
F)
For Phase
I,
Phase II, and Phase V VOCs
(pursuant to
Section 611.646):
the number of persons served by the
PWS
and the proximity of
a smaller system to a larger
one.
f)
If
a supplier refuses
to
provide
any necessary additional
50
information requested by the Agency,
or
if
a supplier delivers any
necessary information late in the Agency’s deliberations on a
request,
the Agency may deny the requested SEP or grant the SEP
with conditions within the time allowed by
law.
a)..
The Agency shall grant a
supplier a SEP pursuant to Section
611.110
that
allows
it to discontinue monitoring for cyanide
if
it
determines that the supplier’s water
is
not
vulnerable due to
a
lack of
any industrial source of cyanide.
BOARD
NOTE:
Subsection
(e)
above
is derived from 40 CFR
141.23(c)(2)
(1994),
and
40 CFR 141.24(f)(8)
and (h)(6)
(199~4).
Subsection
(f)
above
is derived from 40 CFR 141.82(d) (2),
and
14l.83(b)(2)
(l99~4). Subsection (a~ is derived from 40 CFR
141.23(c~(2) (1994).
U.S. EPA has reserved the discretion,
at
40
CFR
142.18
(l99Q~4),
to review and nullify Agency determinations of
the types made pursuant to Sections 611.510,
611.602,
611.603,
611.646,
and
611.648
and
the discretion,
at
40
CFR
141.82(i),
141.83(b)
(7),
and
142.19
(1992.4),
to establish federal
standards
for
any
supplier,
superseding any Agency determination made
pursuant
to Sections 611.352(d).
611.352(f),
61l.353(b)(2),
and
611.353(b) (4).
(Source:
Amended at
19
Ill.
Reg.
________
,
effective
______________________
Section 611.111
Section 1415 Variances
This Section
is intended as
a State equivalent of Section 1415(a)(1)(A)
of the
SDWA.
a)
The
Board
may
grant
a
supplier
a
variance
from
a
NPDWR
in
this
Part.
1)
The supplier shall file
a variance petition pursuant to 35
Ill.
Adm.
Code
104,
except
as
modified
or
supplemented
by
this
Section.
2)
The Board may grant
a variance from
the
additional
State
requirements
in
this Part without following this Section.
b)
As part of the showing of arbitrary or unreasonable hardship,
the
supplier shall demonstrate that:
1)
Because of characteristics of the raw water sources that are
reasonably available to the
system, the supplier cannot meet
the MCL or other requirement;
and
2)
The system has applied BAT as identified in Subpart
G of
this Part.
BAT may vary depending on:
A)
The number of persons served by the system;
B)
Physical conditions related to engineering
feasibility; and
C)
Costs of compliance;
and
3)
The
variance
will
not
result
in
an unreasonable risk to
health,
as defined in subsection
(g)
below.
C)
The
Board
will
prescribe
a
schedule
for:
51
1)
Compliance,
including
increments
of
progress,
by
the
supplier,
with each MCL or other requirement with respect to
which the variance was granted, and
2)
Implementation by the supplier of each additional control
measure for each MCL or other requirement,
during the period
ending on the date compliance
with
such requirement
is
required.
d)
A schedule of compliance will require compliance with each MCL or
other requirement with respect to which the variance was granted
as expeditiously
as practicable.
e)
The Board will provide notice and opportunity
for a public hearing
as provided in
35
Ill.
Adrn.
Code 104.
f)
The Board will not
grant
a. variance:
1)
From the MCL for total coliforms; provided,
however,
that
the Board may grant
a variance from the total coliform MCL
of Section 611,325
for PWSs that demonstrate that the
violation of
the total coliform
MCTJ is
due to persistent
growth of total coliforms
in the distribution
system,
rather
than from fecal or pathogenic contamination,
from a
treatment
lapse or deficiency, or from a problem in the
operation or maintenance of the distribution system.
2)
Or,
from any of the treatment technique requirements of
Subpart
B
of
this
Part.
g)
As used in this Section and Section
611.112,
“unreasonable risk to
health level”
(‘~URTH level”) means the concentration of a
contaminant that will cause
a serious health effect within the
period of time specified in the variance or exemption requested by
a supplier seeking to come into compliance by installing the
treatment required to reduce the contaminant
to the MCL.
URTH
level determinations are made on the basis of the individual
contaminant, taking into account:
the degree by which the
level
exceeds the
MCL;
duration of exposure; historical data;
and
population
exposed.
A
risk
to
health
is
assumed
to
be
unreasonable unless the supplier demonstrates that there are costs
involved that clearly exceed the health benefits
to be derived.
h)
The
provisions of Section 611.130 apply to determinations made
pursuant
to this Section.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.4 (1992~J, from Section
1415(a)(1)(A)
of the SDWA
and from the “Guidance Manual for
Compliance with the Filtration
arid Disinfection Requirements for
Public Water Systems using Surface Water Sources”,
incorporated by
reference in Section 611.102.
~
has reserved the
discretion to review and modify or nullify Board determinations
made pursuant to this Section
at 40 CFR 142.23
(199~).
(Source:
Amended at
19 Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
_____________________
Section 611.112
Section 1416
Variances
Thia Section is intended as a State equivalent of Section 1416 of the SDWA.
a)
The Board may grant
a supplier a variance from any requirement
respecting an MCL or treatment technique requirement of an NPDWR
52
in this Part.
1)
The
supplier
shall
file
a variance petition pursuant to
35
Ill.
Adin.
Code
104, except as modified or supplemented by
this Section,
2)
The Board may grant a variance from the additional State
requirements
in this Part without
following this Section.
b)
As part of the showing of arbitrary or
unreasonable hardship, the
supplier
shall
demonstrate
that:
1)
Due
to compelling factors
(which may include economic
factors),
the supplier is unable to comply with the MCL or
treatment technique requirement;
2)
The
supplier
was:
A)
In operation on the effective date of the MCL or
treatment
technique requirement;
or
B)
Not
in operation on the effective date of the MCL or
treatment technique requirement and no reasonable
alternative source
of drinking water
is available to
the supplier;
and
3)
The variance will not result
in an unreasonable risk to
health.
c)
The
Board
will prescribe a schedule
for:
1)
Compliance,
including increments of progress,
by the
supplier,
with each MCL and treatment technique requirement
with
respect
to
which the variance was granted; and
2)
Implementation
by
the
supplier,
during
the period ending on
the date when compliance
is required,
of each additional
control measure for each contaminant subject to the MCL or
treatment technique requirement.
d)
A schedule of compliance will require compliance with each MCL or
other requirement with respect to which the variance was granted
as expeditiously as practicable; but no schedule shall extend more
than
12 months after the date of the variance, except as follows:
1)
The Board may extend the
date for a period not to exceed
three
years
beyond
the
date
of
the
variance
if
the
supplier
establishes:
that
it
is taking
all practicable
steps to
meet
the
standard;
and:
A)
The
supplier cannot meet the standard without capital
improvements
that
cannot
be
completed
within
12
months;
B)
In
the
ease
of
a
supplier
that
needs
financial
assistance
for
the
necessary
improvements,
the
supplier has entered into an agreement to obtain such
financial assistance; or
C)
The supplier has entered into an enforceable agreement
to become
a part of
a regional PWS; and
53
2)
In the case of
a PWS with
500 or
fewer service connections
that needs financial assistance for the necessary
improvements,
a
variance
under
subsections
(d)(1)(A)
or
(d)(1)(B)
above
may
be renewed for one or more additional
two
year periods
if the supplier establishes that
it
is
taking all practicable steps to meet the final date for
compliance.
e)
The Board will provide notice and opportunity for a public hearing
as provided
in
35
Ill.
Adxn.
Code
104.
f)
The
Agency
shall
promptly
send
U~S.~EPA
the Opinion and Order of
the Board granting a variance pursuant to
this Section.
The Board
may
reconsider
and
modify
a
grant
of
variance,
or
variance
conditions,
if
U~S.~EPAnotifies
the
Board of
a finding pursuant
to Section 1416 of the SDWA.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from Section
1416 of the SDWA.
g)
The Board will not grant a variance:
1)
From
the
MCL
for
total
coliforms;
provided,
however,
that
the
Board
may
grant
a variance from the total coliform MCL
of
Section
611.325
for
PWSs
that demonstrate that the
violation of the total
coliform KCL
is due to
persistent
growth of total coliforms
in the distribution system,
rather
than from fecal or pathogenic contamination,
from a
treatment
lapse or deficiency,
or from a problem in
the
operation or maintenance of the distribution system.
2)
From any of the treatment technique requirements of Subpart
B of this Part.
3)
From the residual disinfectant concentration
(RDC)
requirements
of Sections 611.241(c)
and 611.242(b).
h)
The provisions of Section 611.130 apply to determinations made
pursuant to this Section.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.4
(1992.~).
U.S. EPA has
reserved the discretion to review and modify or nullify Board
determinations made pursuant to this
Section at 40 CFR 142.23
(199~).
(Source:
Amended at
19 Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
______________________
Section 611.113
Alternative Treatment Techniques
This Section
is intended to be equivalent to
Section 1415(a) (3) of the SDWA.
a)
Pursuant to this Section,
the Board may grant an adjusted standard
from a treatment technique requirement.
b)
The supplier seeking an adjusted standard shall file a petition
pursuant to 35
111. Adm. Code 106.Subpart G.
C)
As
justification
the
supplier
shall demonstrate that an
alternative treatment technique
is at least
as effective in
lowering the level of the contaminant with respect to which the
treatment technique requirement was prescribed.
d)
As a condition of any adjusted standard,
the Board will require
54
the use
of the alternative treatment technique.
e)
The Board will grant adjusted standards for alternative treatment
techniques subject to the following
conditions:
1)
All adjusted standards shall be subject to the limitations
of
40
CFR
142,
Subpart
G,
incorporated
by
reference
in
Section
611.102,
and
2)
All
adjusted standards shall be subject to
review and
approval by U~S~~EPA
pursuant to 40 CFR 142.46
before
they
become effective.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived from Section 1415(a) (3) of the SDWA.
f)
The provisions of Section 611.130 apply to determinations made
pursuant
to
this
Section.
(Source:
Amended at
19
Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
______________________
Section 611.125
Fluoridation Requirement
All CWSs which are required
to add fluoride to the water shall maintain a
fluoride ion concentration reported as
F of 0.9
to
1.2 mg/I
in its
distribution
system,
as
required by Section
7a of
-“AN ACT to provide- for
safeguard4r~rithe
ouh1.~
health
by
vesting certain measures of
-eontre-1
and
cupervi
rtmcnt of
t’ublic Health
o-vcr p~ublicWater Suppl.iee~
Regulation Act
in the State”
(Ill.
-Ro~.r. Stat.
1989,
ch.
lii
1-/2,
par.
121(g)(1))1415 ILCS 4O/7a1.
BOARD
NOTE:
This
is an additional
State requirement.
Section 611.130
Special Requirements for Certain Variances and Adjusted
Standards
a)
Relief from the TTHM MCL.
1)
In granting any variance or adjusted standard to a supplier
that is
a CWS that adds
a disinfectant at any part of
treatment and which provides water to 10,000 or more persons
on a regular basis
from the maximum contaminant level for
TTHM
listed
in Section 611.310(c),
the Board will require
application of the best available technology (BAT)
identified
at subsection
(a)(4)
below
for that constituent
as a condition to the relief,
unless the supplier has
demonstrated through comprehensive engineering assessments
that application of
BAT
is
not technically appropriate and
technically feasible for that system,
or it would only
result in
a marginal reduction in TTHM for that supplier.
2)
The
Board will require the following as
a condition
for
relief from the TTHM MCL where
it
does not require the
application of BAT:
A)
That the supplier continue to investigate the
following methods as an alternative means of
significantly reducing the level of
TTHM, according to
a definite schedule:
I)
introduction of off—line water storage for
THM
precursor reduction;
55
ii)
aeration for TTHM reduction,
where geography and
climate allow;
iii)
introduction of
clarification, where not
presently practiced;
iv)
use of alternative sources of raw water;
and
v)
use of ozone as an alternative or supplemental
disinfectant or oxidant, and
B)
That the supplier report results of that investigation
to the Agency.
3)
The Agency shall petition the Board to reconsider or modify
a variance or adjusted standard, pursuant to 35 Ill.
Adxn.
Code 101.Subpart K,
if
it determines that an alternative
method identified by the supplier pursuant to subsection
(a(2)
above
is technically feasible and would result in
a
significant reduction
in
TTHM.
4)
Best
available
technology
for
TTHM
reduction:
A)
use
of chioramiries
as
an alternative or supplemental
disinfectant,
B)
use of chlorine dioxide as an alternative or
supplemental disinfectant,
or
C)
improved existing clarification
for THM precursor
reduction.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from
40
CFR
142.60
(l99~).
The
restrictions
of this subsection do
riot apply to
suppliers regulated for TTHM as an additional state
requirement.
See the Board Note to Section
611.301(c).
b)
Relief
from the fluoride MCL.
1)
In granting any variance or adjusted standard to a supplier
that
is a CWS
from
the
maximum contaminant level for
fluoride listed in Section
611.301(b),
the Board will
require application of the best available technology
(BAT)
identified at subsection
(b)(4) below for that constituent
as
a condition to the relief, unless the supplier has
demonstrated through comprehensive engineering assessments
that application of BAT
is
not technically appropriate and
technically feasible for that supplier.
2)
The Board will require the following as
a condition for
relief from the
fluoride MCL where
it does not require the
application of BAT:
A)
That the supplier continue to investigate the
following methods as an alternative means of
significantly reducing the level of TTHM,
according to
a definite schedule:
i)
modification of
lime softening;
ii)
alum
coagulation;
56
iii)
electrodialysis;
iv)
anion exchange resins;
v)
well field management;
vi)
use of alternative sources of raw water; and
vii)
regionalization,
and
B)
That the supplier report results
of
that investigation
to the Agency.
3)
The Agency shall petition the Board to reconsider or modify
a variance or adjusted standard, pursuant to 35
Ill.
Adin.
Code 10l.Subpart K,
if
it determines
that an alternative
method identified by the supplier pursuant to subsection
(b)(2)
above
is technically feasible
and would result in a
significant reduction in
fluoride.
4)
Best available technology for fluoride reduction:
A)
activated alumina absorption centrally applied,
and
B)
reverse osmosis centrally applied.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 142.61
(1992.4).
c)
Relief from an inorganic chemical contaminant, VOC,
or SOC MCL.
1)
In
granting
to
a
supplier
that
is
a
CWS
or
NTNCWS
any
variance or adjusted standard
from the maximum contaminant
levels for any VOC or SOC,
listed in Section 611.311(a)
or
(C),
or for any inorganic chemical
contaminant,
listed in
Section 611.301, the supplier must have first applied the
best available technology
(BAT)
identified at Section
611.311(b)
(VOC5 and SOC5)
or Section 611.301(c)
(inorganic
chemical contaminants)
for that constituent,
unless the
supplier has demonstrated through comprehensive engineering
assessments that application of BAT would achieve only a
minimal
and
insignificant reduction in the level of
contaminant.
BOARD NOTE:
US~EPA lists BAT for each SOC and VOC at 40
CFR
142.62(a)
(19924),
as amended at
57
I~cd.
Reg.
31848
(July
17,
1~92)-, for the purposes
of variances
and
exemptions (adjusted standards).
That list
is identical to
the
list
at
40
CFR
141.61(b), with three exceptions:
the
section 142.62 listing adds PTA (“PAT”)
for alachlor;
lists
OX
for
hexachlorobenzene, instead of
GAC;
and omits PTA for
toxaphene.
The Board
has chosen to use the section
141.61(a)
(Section 611.311) BAT listing because we believe
UCEI~A
intcndcdthat
this
leads
to
greater
consistency and
hccau~cthe preamble at
57 red.
Ike-g.
31778 7’~indicat?-o that
thip listing- is
a-orrcct as to
alaehl-or and hoxaah-1orobc~scnc
(although the- preamble at
&6
Fcd~.
flog. 352~
(—Jan.
30,
1~91-)
indicatco
~
-
to3caDhenc’
-
2)
The
Board may require any
of
the following as a condition
for relief from a
MCL listed in Section 611.301
or 611.311:
A)
That the supplier continue to investigate alternative
57
means
of
compliance according to a definite schedule,
arid
B)
That the supplier report results
of
that
investigation
to the Agency.
3)
The Agency
shall petition the Board to reconsider or modify
a variance or
adjusted
standard,
pursuant to
35
Ill.
Adtn.
Code 1O1.Subpart
K,
if
it determines that an alternative
method identified by the supplier pursuant to subsection
(c)(2)
above
is technically feasible.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 142.62(a)
through
(e)
(1992-4).
ci)
Conditions requiring use of bottled water or point—of—use or
point—of—entry devices.
In granting any variance or adjusted
standard
from the maximum contaminant levels
for organic and
inorganic
chemicals or
an adjusted standard from the treatment
technique
for
lead
and
copper,
the Board may impose certain
conditions
requiring
the
use
of
bottled water, point—of—entry
devices,
or point-of—use devices to avoid an unreasonable risk to
health,
limited
as
provided
in
subsections
(e)
and
(f)
below.
1)
Relief from an
MCL.
The
Board
may,
when
granting
any
variance
or
adjusted
standard
from
the
MCL requirements
of
Sections
611.301 and 611.311,
impose
a condition that
requires a supplier to use bottled water, point—of—use
devices,
point—of—entry devices or other means to avoid an
unreasonable risk to health.
2)
Relief
from corrosion control
treatment.
The
Board
may,
when granting
an adjusted standard from the corrosion
control
treatment requirements
for lead and copper of
Sections 611.351 and 611.352,
impose a condition that
requires a supplier to use bottled water and point—of—use
devices
or other means,
but
not point—of—entry devices, to
avoid
an
unreasonable
risk
to
health.
3)
Relief from source water treatment or service line
replacement.
The Board may, when granting an exemption from
the
source water treatment and lead service line replacement
requirements for lead and
copper under Sections 611.353 or
611.354,
impose
a condition that
requires
a supplier to use
point—of—entry devices to avoid an unreasonable risk to
health.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR
142.62(f)
(19924).
e)
Use
of
bottled
water.
Suppliers
that
propose
to
use
or
use
bottled water
as a condition for receiving a variance or an
adjusted standard from the requirements of Section 611.301 or
Section 611.311, or an adjusted standard from the requirements of
Sections 611.351 through 611.354
must meet the requirements of
either
subsections
(e)(1),
(e)(2),
(e)(3),
and
(e)(6) or
(e)(4),
(e)(5) and
(e)(6) below:
1)
The supplier must develop a monitoring program for Board
approval
that provides reasonable assurances that the
bottled water meets all MCLs of Sections 611.301 and 611.311
and submit
a description of this program as part of its
petition.
The proposed program must describe how the
58
supplier
will
comply
with
each
requirement
of
this
subsection.
2)
The
supplier must monitor representative samples of the
bottled
water
for
all
contaminants regulated under Sections
611.301 and 611.311 during the first three—month period that
it supplies the bottled water to the
public,
and
annually
thereafter.
3)
The supplier shall
annually provide
the results of the
monitoring program to the Agency.
4)
The supplier must receive a certification from the bottled
water company as
to each of the following:
A)
that the bottled water supplied has been taken from an
approved source of bottled water,
as such is defined
in Section
611.101;
B)
that
the
approved
source
of
bottled
water
has
conducted monitoring in accordance with 21
CFR
129.80(g) (1) through
(3);
C)
and
that
the
bottled
water
does
not
exceed
any
MCLs
or
quality limits
as
set
out
in 21 CFR
103.35,
110,
and
129.
5)
The supplier shall provide the certification required by
subsection
(e)(4)
above to the Agency during the first
quarter after
it begins supplying bottled water and annually
thereafter.
6)
The supplier shall
assure the provision of sufficient
quantities of bottled water to every affected person
supplied by the supplier via door—to—door bottled water
delivery.
Derived
from
40
CFR
142.62(g)
(1992-4).
f)
Use
of point—of—entry devices.
Before the Board grants any PWS
a
variance or adjusted standard from any NPDWR that includes
a
condition requiring the use
of
a point—of-entry device, the
supplier must demonstrate
to the Board each of the following:
1)
that the supplier will operate and maintain the device;
2)
that the device provides health protection equivalent to
that provided by central treatment;
3)
that the supplier will maintain the microbiological safety
of the water at
all times;
4)
that the supplier has established standards for performance,
conducted a rigorous engineering design review,
and field
tested the device;
5)
that the operation
and maintenance of the device will
account for any potential for
increased concentrations of
heterotrophic
bacteria resulting through the use of
activated carbon,
by backwashing, post—contactor
disinfection, and heterotrophic plate count monitoring;
59
6)
that buildings connected to the supplier’s distribution
system have sufficient devices properly
installed,
maintained,
and monitored to assure that all consumers
are
protected;
and
7)
that
the
use
of
the
device
will
not
cause
increased
corrosion
of
lead
and
copper
bearing
materials
located
between
the
device
and
the
tap
that
could increase
contaminant
levels
at the tap.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from
40 CFR 142.62(h)
(19924).
(Source:
Amended at
19
Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
______________________
SUBPART
B:
FILTRATION AND DISINFECTION
Section 611.201
Requiring
a Demonstration
The Agency shall notify each supplier in writing of the date on which any
demonstrations
pursuant
to
the Section are required.
The Agency shall require
demonstrations
at times which meet the U.S~...EPArequirements
for that type of
demonstration,
allowing sufficient time for
the
supplier
to
collect the
necessary information.
Section 611.212
Groundwater under Direct Influence of Surface Water
The Agency shall, pursuant
to Section 611.201,
require all CWSs to demonstrate
whether they are using
“groundwater under the direct influence of surface
waters’ by June 29, 1994. The Agency shall determine with information provided
by the supplier whether
a PWS
uses “groundwater under the direct influence of
surface water” on an individual basis.
The Agency shall determine that
a
groundwater source
is under the direct influence of surface water based upon:
a)
Physical
characteristics
of
the
source:
whether
the
source
is
obviously a surface water source,
such
as
a lake or stream.
Other
sources which may be subject to influence from surface waters
include:
springs,
infiltration galleries, wells or other
collectors
in subsurface aquifers.
b)
Well construction characteristics and geology with field
evaluation.
1)
The Agency may use the wellhead protection program’s
requirements, which include delineation of welihead
protection areas, assessment of sources of contamination and
implementation of management control systems,
to determine
if the wellhead is under the influence of surface water.
2)
Wells less than or equal to 50 feet in depth are likely to
be under the influence of surface water.
3)
Wells greater than 50 feet in depth are likely to be under
the influence of surface water,
unless they include:
A)
A surface sanitary seal using bentonite clay,
concrete
similar material,
B)
A well casing that penetrates consolidated (slowly
permeable) material,
and
C)
A well casing that
is only perforated or screened
60
below consolidated (slowly permeable)
material.
4)
A source which
is less than 200 feet from any surface water
is
likely to be under the influence of surface water.
c)
Any
structural
modifications
to
prevent
the
direct
influence
of
surface water and eliminate the potential
for Giardia
lamblia cyst
contamination.
ci)
Source water quality records.
The
following are indicative that
a
source
is under the
influence of surface water:
1)
A record of total coliforrn or fecal coliform contamination
in untreated samples collected over the past three years,
2)
A history of turbidity problems associated with the
source,
or
3)
A history of known or suspected outbreaks of Giardia lamblia
or other pathogenic organism associated with surface water
(e.g.
cryptosporidium), which has been attributed to that
source.
0)
Significant and relatively rapid shifts
in water characteristics
such
as turbidity,
temperature, conductivity
or pH.
1)
A variation
in turbity of
0.5 NTU or more over one year
is
indicative of surface influence.
2)
A variation
in temperature of 9 Fahrenheit degrees or more
over
one
year
is
indicative
of
surface
influence.
f)
Significant
and
relatively
rapid
shifts
in water characteristics
such as turbidity,
temperature,
conductivity
or pH which closely
correlate to climatological or surface water conditions are
indicative of surface water influence.
1)
Evidence of particulate matter associated with the surface
water,
or,
2)
Turbidity or temperature data which correlates to that of a
nearby water source.
g)
Particulate analysis:
Significant occurance of insects or other
macroorganisms,
algae or large diameter pathogens such as Giardia
lamblia is
indicative of surface influence.
1)
“Large diameter” particulates are those over
7 micrometers.
2)
?articulates must be measured as specified
in
the
“Guidance
Manual
for Compliance with the Filtration and Disinfection
Requirements
for Public Water Systems using Surface Water
Sources”,
incorporated
by
reference
in
Section
611.102.
h)
The
potential
for
contamination
by
small—diameter
pathogens,
such
as bacteria or viruses, does
not
alone render the source “under
the direct influence of surface water”.
BOMkD NOTE:
Derived from the definition of “groundwater under the
direct influence of surface water”
in 40 CFR 141.2
(19924);
from
the Preamble at
54
Fed.
Reg.
27489
(June
29,
1989);
and from the
U.S,EPA “Guidance Manual
for Compliance with the Filtration and
61
Disinfection Requirements for Public Water Systems using Surface
Water Sources”,
incorporated by reference
in
Section 611.102.
(Source:
Amended at
19
Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
______________________
Section
611.220
General
Requirements
a)
The
requirements of this Subpart constitute NPDWRs.
This Subpart
establishes criteria under which
filtration
is required as
a
treatment
technique for PWSs supplied by a surface water source
and PWSs supplied by
a groundwater source under the direct
influence of
surface water.
In addition,
these regulations
establish treatment technique requirements
in lieu of MCLs for the
-
following contaminants:
Giardia
lamblia,
viruses, HPC bacteria,
Legionella and turbidity.
Each supplier with a surface water
source
or
a
groundwater
source under the direct influence of
surface water shall provide treatment of that source water that
complies with these treatment technique requirements.
The
treatment technique requirements consist of installing and
properly
operating
water
treatment
processes
which
reliably
achieve:
1)
At least 99.9 percent
(3-log)
removal or inactivation of
Giardia lamblia cysts between a point where the raw water
is
not subject to recontamination by surface water runoff
and a
point downstream before or at the first
customer;
and
2)
At least
99.99 percent
(4—log)
removal or inactivation of
viruses between a point where the raw water is not
subject
to recontamination by surface water runoff and a point
downstream before or at the first customer.
b)
A supplier using a surface water source or
a groundwater source
under the direct
influence of surface water
is considered to be in
compliance with the requirements
of subsection
(a)
if:
1)
It meets the requirements for avoiding filtration in
Sections
611.230 through 611.232 and the disinfection
requirements
in Section 611.241;
or
2)
It
meets
the
filtration
requirements
in
Section
611.250
and
the disinfection requirements
in Section 611.242.
C)
Each
supplier
using
a
surface water source or a groundwater source
under
the
direct
influence
of surface water
shall have
a certified
operator
pursuant
to
35
Ill.
Adm.
Code
603.103
and
Ill.
11ev.
stat.
1991,
oh.-
11112,
par.
501
Ct
ocqthe Public Water Supply Operations
Act
1415 ILCS 45).
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from
40
CFR
141.70
(199-3~4).
(Source:
Amended at
19
Ill.
Reg.
,
effective
_____________________
SUBPART
F:
MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVELS (MCL’S)
Section 611.300
Old MCLs for Inorganic Chemicals
a)
The old MCLs listed in subsection
(b) below for inorganic
chemicals apply only to CWS suppliers.
Compliance with old MCLs
for inorganic chemicals
is calculated pursuant to Section 611.6l2~
except
that
compliance
with
the MCL for arsenic
is calculated
62
pursuant
to Section 611.611.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.11(a)
(1992.4).
by
The
following are the old MCL’S for inorganic chemicals,
with the
old
MCL
for
cyanide
effective
only
until
the
revised
MCL
for
cyanide
at
Section 611.301(a)
becomes
effective:
Contaminant
Level, mg/L
Additional
State
Requirement
(*)
Arsenic
0.05
Cyanide
Iron
1.0
*
Manganese
0.15
*
Zinc
5.
*
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from
40
CFR
141.11(b)
&
(c)
(1992-4).
This provision,
which corresponds with 40 CFR 141.11,
was
formerly the only listing of MCLs
for inorganic parameters.
However,
U.S.
EPA
added another
listing
of
inorganic MCLs at
40 CFR 141.62 at
56 Fed.
Reg.
3594
(Jan.
30,
1991).
Following the changing Q~S~EPAcodification scheme creates
two
listings of MCLs:
one at this Section and one at
Section
611.301.
This
causes
fluoride
to
appear
in
both
the
40
CFR
141.11(b)
and
141.62(b)
listings
with
the
same
MCL.
The Board has deleted the corresponding
fluoride MCL
from
this
Section
in
favor
of
that
which
appears
at
Section
611.301(b).
uCEPA adopted a
IICL for cyanide at 40
CI’fl
14~l.6~(b)(13, effective January
17,
19~94,—at57
Fed.
Rcg.
3-1847
(July
17,
1992).
That MCL
is
the
same-
as
that
at
this
Ceotion.
The
Board
haa
rendered
the
state
HaL- at
this
Cection
ineffective on the date
the-
new
federal MCL
become-a
effective.
c)
This subsection corresponds with 40
CFR
141.11(c),
the
substance
of
which
the
Board
has
codified
in
subsection
(by
above.
This
statement maintains
structural parity with the federal rules.
d)
Nitrate.
1)
The Board incorporates by reference 40 CFR 141.11(d)
(1992.4).
This incorporation
includes no later editions or
amendments.
2)
Non—CWSs
may
exceed
the
MCL
for
nitrate
under
the
following
circumstances:
A)
The nitrate level must not exceed
20 mg/L,
B)
The water must not be available to children under six
months of age,
C)
There will be continuous posting of the
fact that the
nitrate
level
exceeds
10
mg/L
together
with
the
public
health effects information set
forth in paragraph
(2)
of Section 611.Appendix A,
D)
The supplier will annually notify local public health
authorities and Public Health of the nitrate levels
that exceed
10 mg/L,
and
63
E)
No
adverse
public health effects result.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived from
40
CFR
141.11(d)
(1992-4).
Public health regulations may
impose a nitrate
limitation
requirement.
Those
regulations
are
at
77
Ill.
Adm.
Code 900.50.
e)
The following supplementary condition applies to the MCLs
Listed
in subsection
(b)
above for iron and manganese:
1)
CWS suppliers that serve
a population of
1000 or less,
or
300 service connections or less,
are
exempt
from
the
standards for iron and manganese.
2)
The
Agency
may,
by
special
exception
permit,
allow
iron
and
manganese in excess of the MCL
if sequestration tried on an
experimental basis proves to be effective.
If sequestration
is not effective,
positive iron or manganese reduction
treatment as applicable must be provided.
Experimental use
of a sequestering agent may be tried only
if approved by
special exception permit.
BOARD NOTE:
This
is an additional State requirement.
(Source:
Amended
at
19
Ill. Reg.
________,
effective
______________________
Section 611.301
Revised MCLs for Inorganic Chemicals
a)
This
subsection corresponds with 40 CFR 141.62(a), reserved by
U~.S~.EPA.This statement maintains structural consistency with
U~S~.EPArules.
b)
The MCL5
in the following table apply
to CWSs.
Except for
fluoride,
the MCLs also apply to NTNCWS8.
The MCLs for nitrate,
nitrite and total nitrate and nitrite also apply to transient non—
CWSs.
The MCL5 for antimony,
beryllium,
cyanide,
nickel,
and
thallium are effective January
17,
1994.
Contaminant
MCL
Units
Antimony
0.006
mg/L
Asbestos
7
MFL
Barium
2
mg/L
Beryllium
0.004
mg/L
Cadmium
0.005
mg/L
Chromium
0.1
mg/L
Cyanide
(as free CN~)
0.2
mg/L
Fluoride
4.0
mg/L
Mercury
0.002
mg/L
Nickel
0.1
mg/L
Nitrate
(as
N)
10.
rng/L
Nitrite
(as
N)
1.
mg/L
Total Nitrate and Nitrite
10.
rng/L
(~S
N)
Selenium
0.05
mg/L
Thallium
0.002
mg/L
BOARD
NOTE:
See the definition of “initial compliance
period” at Section 611.101.
The federal secondary MCL
for
fluoride is 2.0
mg/L.
The federal regulations require
public notice when water exceeds this level.
See 40 CFR
143.3
and 143.5
(19924).
64
c)
U..S,~..EPAhas
identified the following as BAT for
achieving
compliance with the MCL
for the inorganic contaminants identified
in subsection
(b)
above, except for fluoride:
Contaminant
BAT
(5)
Antimony
C/F
RO
Asbestos
C/F
DDF
CC
Barium
IX
LIME
RO
ED
Beryllium
AA
C/F
IX
LIME
HO
Cadmium
C/F
IX
LIME
RO
Chromium
C/F
IX
LIME,
BAT for Cr(III)
only
RO
Cyanide
IX
HO
Cl2
Mercury
C/F,
BAT
only
if
influent
Hg
concentrations
less than or equal to
(~)
10 pg/L
GAC
LIME,
BAT
only
if
influent
Hg
concentrations ~ 10
.zg/L
RO,
BAT
only
if
influent
Hg
concentrations
S
10
pg/L
Nickel
IX
LIME
HO
Nitrate
IX
RO
ED
Nitrite
IX
HO
Selenium
A.AL
C/F,
BAT for Se(IV) only
LIME
RO
65
ED
Thallium
AAL
IX
Abbreviations
AAL
Activated alumina
C/F
Coagulation/filtration
DDF
Direct
and diatomite filtration
GAC
Granular
activated
carbon
IX
Ion exchange
LIME
Lime softening
RO
Reverse osmosis
CC
Corrosion control
ED
Electrodialysis
Cl.,
Oxidation (chlorine)
UV
Ultraviolet
irradiation
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from
40
CFR
141.62
(1992.4).
(Source:
Amended
at
19
Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
______________________)
Section
611.310
Old
MCLs
for
Organic
Chemicals
The following are the MCLs
for organic chemicals.
The
MCLs
for
organic
chemicals
in subsections
(a) and
(b)
apply to all
CWSs.
Compliance with the
MCLs in subsections
(a)
and
(b)
is calculated pursuant to Section
611.641 et
seq.
Compliance with
the MCi
for TTHM
is calculated pursuant to Subpart
P.
Contaminant
Level
Additional
(mg/L)
State
Requirement
(*)
a)
Chlorinated hydrocarbons:
Aidrin
0.001
*
DDT
0.05
*
Dieldrin
0.001
*
Heptachlor
0.0001
*
Heptachlor
epoxide
0.0002
*
BOARD
NOTE:
Originally
derived
from
40
CFR
141.12(a)
(19944), U~S~..EPAremoved the last entry in this subsection
and
marked
it
reserved
at
57
Fed.
Reg.
31838
(July
17,
1992).
U~~S.~EPA
added
another listing of organic MCLs
at 40
CFR 141.61
(19924),-
-as amended
at
57
Fed.
Peg.
318-47
(July
17,
1992)-.
Heptachlor, heptachior epoxide, and 2,4—D appear
in
both
this Section
and in Section
611.311, with a
different
MCL
in
each
Section.
The
heptachlor,
heptachlor
epoxide,
and 2,4—D MCLs
in this Section
are Illinois
limitations
that
are
more
stringent
than
the
federal
requirements.
However, detection of these contaminants or
violation of their
federally—derived
revised Section
611.311
MCLs imposes more stringent monitoring,
reporting,
and
notice requirements.
b)
Chlorophenoxys:
2,4—D
0.01
BOARD NOTE:
Originally derived
from 40 CFR 141.12(b)
66
(19944),
U.S.
EPA removed the
last entry
in this subsection
and marked
it
reserved
at
56
Fed.
Reg.
3578
(Jan.
30,
1991).
See the preceding Board Note regarding the dual
listing of
MCLs for 2,4-D.
c)
TTHM
0.10
*
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
in
part
from
40
CFR
141.12(c)
(1992-4).
This
is
an additional State requirement
to the extent
it applies to
supplies other than CWS5 that add
a disinfectant
at
any part of
treatment and which provide water to 10,000 or more
individuals.
(Source:
Amended
at
19
Ill. Hog.
________,
effective
_____________________
Section
611.311
Revised
MCL5
for
Organic
Contaminants
Volatile organic chemical contaminants.
The following MCLs
for
volatile organic chemical contaminants
(VOCS) apply to CWS
suppliers and NTNCWS suppliers.
The MCLs for dichlorometharie,
1,2,4—trichlorobenzene,
and 1,1,2—trichloroethane are effective
January 17,
1994.
CAS
No.
Contaminant
MCi
(mg/L)
71—43—2
Benzerie
0.005
56—23—5
Carbon tetrachloride
0.005
95—50—1
o—Dichlorobenzene
0.6
106—46—7
p—Dichlorobenzene
0.075
107—06-2
l,2—Dichloroethane
0.005
75—35—4
1,1—Dichloroethylene
0.007
156—59—2
cis—1, 2—Dichloroethylene
0.07
156—60—5
trans—1,2—Dichloroethylene
0.1
75—09—2
Dichioromethane
(methylene chloride)
0.005
78—87—5
1,2—Dichloropropane
0.005
100—41—4
Ethylbenzene
0.7
108—90-7
Monochlorobenzene
0.1
100—42—S
Styrene
0.1
127—18—4
Tetrachloroethylene
0.005
108—88—3
Toluerie
1
120—82—1
1,2,
4—Trichlorobenzene
0.07
71—55—6
1,l,1—Trichloroethane
0.2
79—00—5
1,1, 2—Trichioroethane
0.005
79—01—6
Trichloroethylene
0.005
75—01—4
Vinyl chloride
0.002
1330—20—7
Xylenes
(total)
10
BOARD NOTE:
See the definition of “initial compliance
period”
at Section 611.101.
b)
~
has identified,
as indicated below, granular activated
carbon
(GAC),
packed tower aeration
(PTA),
or oxidation
(OX)
as
BAT for achieving compliance with the MCLs for volatile organic
chemical contaminants
and synthetic organic chemical contaminants
in subsections
(a) and
(c)
of this Section.
15972-60-8
Alachlor
GAC
116-06-3
Aldicarb
GAC
-
1646—87-4
Aldicarb sulfone
GAC
1646—87—3
Aldj.carb sulfoxide
GAC
1912—24—9
Atrazine
GAC
71—43-2
Benzene
GAC, PTA
67
50—32—8
Benzo(a)pyrene
GAG
1563—66—2
Carbofuran
SAC
56—23—5
Carbon tetrachloride
GAC,
PTA
57-74—9
Chlordane
SAC
94—75—7
2,4—D
GAG
75-99—0
Dalapon
GAG
96—12—8
Dibromochloropropane
SAC, PTA
95—50—1
o-Dichlorobenzene
SAC, PTA
106-46-7
p—Dichlorobenzene
SAC, PTA
107—06-2
1,2—Dichioroethane
SAC, PTA
156—59—2
cis—1,2—Dichloroethylene
SAC, PTA
156-60—5
trans—1,2—Dichoroethylene
SAC, PTA
75—35—4
1,1—Dichloroethylene
SAC, PTA
75-09—2
Dichloromethane
PTA
78—87—5
1,2—Dichloropropane
SAC, PTA
103—23—1
Di(2—ethylhexyl)adipate
SAC, PTA
117—81—7
Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
SAC
88—85—7
Dinoseb
SAC
85—00—7
Diquat
SAC
145—73—3
Endothall
SAC
72—20—8
Endrin
GAC
106-93-4
Ethylene dibromide
(EDB)
SAC, PTA
100—41-4
Ethylbenzene
GAC, PTA
1071—53—6
Glyphosate
OX
76-44—8
Heptachlor
SAC
1024—57—3
Heptachlor epoxide
GAC
118—74—1
Hexachlorobenzene
SAC
77-47—3
Hexachiorocyclopentadiene
SAC, PTA
58-89—9
Lindane
SAC
72—43—5
Methoxychlor
SAC
108—90—7
Monochlorobenzene
GAC,
PTA
23135—22—0
Oxamyl
GAC
87-86—5
Pentachlorophenol
SAC
1918—02—1
Picloram
SAC
1336—36—3
Polychlorinated
biphenyls
(PCB)
SAC
122—34—9
Simazine
SAC
100—42-5
Styrene
GAC, PTA
1746—01—6
2,3,7,8—TCDD
SAC
127-18—4
Tetrachloroethylene
SAC, PTA
108—88-3
Toluene
SAC
8001—35—2
Toxaphene
GAG
120—82—1
l,2,4—trichlorobenzene
GAC,
PTA
71-55—6
1,1,1—Trichioroethane
GAC, PTA
79-00—5
1,1,2—trichioroethane
GAC, PTA
79-01—6
Trichioroethylene
SAC, PTA
93—72—1
2,4,5—TP
GAC
75—01—4
Vinyl chloride
PTA
1330—20-7
Xylene
SAC,
PTA
t~UALW
:iur~e
~aminat~.on
ot tnc
prcarna.Le to tne tnaoc
ii
amendments,
at S~Pod. Reg.
2529
(Jan.
30,
1991)
indicate-s
that U~EPAmay not have intended the adoption -of PTA for R7~.T
for toxaphenc.
The Board
included
it
because -that
i-s ~,hab
the federal rule actually indicates.
Ccc the Board Note te
ecotion ~11..130IaU1~..
C)
Synthetic organic chemical contaminants.
The following )lCLs for
synthetic organic chemical contaminants
(SOCS)
apply
to CWS and
NTNCWS suppliers.
The MCLs for benzo(a)pyrene,
dalapon,
di(2-
ethylhexyl)adipate, di(2—ethylhexyl)phthalate,
dinoseb,
diquat,
endothall,
endrin,
glyphosate, hexachlorobenzene,
hexachiorocyclo—
pentadiene, oxamyl
(vydate), picloram, simazine,
and 2,3,7,8—TCDD
68
(dioxin)
are
effective
January
17,
1994.
CAS
Number
Contaminant
MCL
(mg/L)
15972—60—8
hlachlor
0.002
116—06—3
Aldicarb
0.0O-2
1646—87—4
Aldicarb sulfone
0.002
1646—87—3
Aldicarb sulfoxide
0.004
1912—24—9
Atrazine
0.003
50—32—8
Benzo(a)pyrene
0.0002
1563—66—2
Carbofuran
0.04
57—74—9
Chlordane
0.002
94—75—7
2,4—D
0.07
75—99—0
Dalapon
0.2
96—12—8
Dibromochloropropane
0.0002
103—23—1
Di(2—ethylhexyl)adipate
0.4
117—81—7
Di(2—ethylhexyl)phthalate
0.006
88—85—7
Dinoseb
0.007
85—00—7
Diquat
0.02
145—73—3
Endothall
0.1
72—20-8
Endrin
0.002
106—93—4
Ethylene dibromide
0.00005
1071—53—6
Clyphosato
0.7
76—44—8
Heptachlor
0.0004
1024—57—3
Heptachior epoxide
0.0002
118—74—1
Hexachlorobenzene
0.001
77—47—4
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
0.05
58—89—9
Lindane
0.0002
72—43—5
Methoxychlor
0.04
23135—22—0
Oxamyl
(Vydate)
0.2
87—86—5
Pentachlorophenol
0.001
1918—02-1
Picloram
0.5
1336—36-3
Polychiorinated biphenyls
(PCB5)
0.0005
122—34—9
Simazine
0.004
1746—01-6
2,3,7,8—TCDD
(Dioxin)
0.00000003
8001—35—2
Toxaphene
0.003
93—72—1
2,4,5—TP
0.05
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.61
(1992-4),
as
amended
at
57
Fad.
flog.
31847
(July
17,
1992).
See
the
definition
of “initial compliance period” at Section 611.101.
More
stringent
state
MCL5
for
2,4-D,
heptachior, and heptachlor
epoxide
appear
at
Section
611.310.
See
the
Board
Note
at
that
provision.
The
effectiveness
of
the
MCLs
for
aldicarb,
aldicarb
sulfone,
and
aldicarb
sulfoxide
are
administratively
stayed
until
the
Board
takes
further
administrative action to end this stay.
However,
suppliers
must monitor
for these three SOC5 pursuant to Section
611.648.
See 40 CFR 141.6(g)
(1992-4)
and
57
Fed.
Reg.
22178
(May 27,
1992).
(Source:
Amended at
19 Ill.
Hog.
________,
effective
_____________________
Section 611.325
Microbiological Contaminants
a)
The
MCI.. is based on the presence or absence of total coliforms in
a sample,
rather than coliform density.
1)
For
a supplier which collects at least 40 samples per month,
if no more than 5.0 percent of the
samples collected during
a month are total coliform—positive,
the supplier is in
compliance with the MCL for total coliforms.
69
2)
For
a
supplier
which
collects
fewer
than
40
samples
per
month,
if
no
more
than
one
sample
collected
during
a
month
is
total
coliform—positive,
the
supplier
is
in
compliance
with
the
MCL
for
total
coliforms.
b)
Any
fecal coliform-positive repeat sample or
E. coli—positive
repeat
sample,
or
any
total
coliform—positive
repeat
sample
following a fecal co.iform—positive
or E. coli—positive routine
Bample, constitutes a violation of the MCL for total coliforma.
For
purposes of the public notification requirements
in Section
611.851
et
seq.,
this is
a violation that may pose an acute risk
to
health.
c)
A supplier
shall
determine compliance with the MCL for total
coliforms
in
subsections
(a)
and
(b)
for
each
month
in
which it
is
required
to
monitor
for
total
coliforms.
d)
BATs
for
achieving
compliance
with
the
MCL
for
total
coliforms
in
subsections
(a)
and
(b):
1)
Protection of wells
from contamination by coliforms by
appropriate placement
and construction;
2)
Maintenance
of RDC throughout
the distribution system;
3)
Proper maintenance of the distribution system including
appropriate pipe replacement and repair procedures, main
flushing programs,
proper operation and maintenance of
storage tanks and reservoirs and continual maintenance of
positive
water
pressure
in
all
parts
of
the
distribution
system;
4)
Filtration
and
disinfection
of
surface water,
as described
in
Subpart
B,
or disinfection of groundwater using strong
oxidants
such
as
chlorine,
chlorine
dioxide
or
ozone;
or
5)
For systems using groundwater, compliance with the welihead
protection program,
after
U.~S.~EPAapproves the program.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from
40 CFR
141.63
(19894),
as amended
at
54 Fed.
fl~.
275-62,
June 29, 1989
(Source:
Amended at
19 Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
_____________________
SUBPART G:
LEAD AND COPPER
Section 611.350
General Requirements
a)
Applicability and Scope
1)
Applicability.
The requirements
of this Subpart constitute
national primary drinking water regulations
for lead and
copper.
This Subpart applies to all community water systems
(CWSB) and non—transiónt, non—community water systems
(NTNCWS5).
2)
Scope.
This Subpart establishes a treatment technique that
includes requirements for corrosion control treatment,
source water treatment,
lead service line replacement,
and
public education.
These requirements are triggered,
in some
cases,
by lead and copper action
levels measured in samples
70
collected at consumers’
taps.
b)
Definitions.
For
the
purposes
of
only
this
Subpart,
the following
terms shall have the following meanings:
“Action level” means that concentration
of lead or copper in
water computed pursuant to subsection
(c) below that
determines,
in
some
cases,
the
treatment
requirements
of
this Subpart which
a supplier must complete.
The action
level
for lead is
0.015
mg/L.
The
action
level
for
copper
is 1.3 mg/L.
“Corrosion
inhibitor” means
a substance capable of reducing
the
corrosivity of water toward metal plumbing
materials,
especially
lead
and
copper,
by
forming
a
protective
film
on
the interior surface of those materials.
“Effective corrosion inhibitor residual” means a concentra-
tion of inhibitor
in the drinking water sufficient to form a
passivating
film
on
the
interior
walls
of
a
pipe.
“Exceed”,
as this term
is applied to either the lead or the
copper action
level, means that the 90th percentile level of
the supplier’s
samples collected during a six—month
monitoring period is greater than the action level
for that
contaminant.
“First
draw
sample”
means
a
one—liter sample of tap water,
collected in accordance with Section 611.356(b) (2), that has
been standing in plumbing pipes for at least
6 hours and
which
is collected without flushing the tap.
“Large system” means
a water system that regularly serves
water to more than 50,000 persons.
“Lead service line”, means
a service
line made of lead that
connects the water main to the building inlet,
including any
lead pigtail,
gooseneck,
or other fitting that is connected
to such lead line.
“Maximum permissible concentration” or
“MPC” means that
concentration
of
lead
or
copper
for
finished
water
entering
the supplier’s distribution system, designated by the Agnecy
by
a SEP pursuant to Sections
611.110
and
611.353(b)
that
reflects the contaminant removal capability of the treatment
properly operated and maintained.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR
141.83(b)(4)
(1992-4)
(Section 611.353(b) (4) (B)).
“Medium—sized system” means
a water system that regularly
serves water to more than 3,300 up to
50,000
or fewer
persons.
“Meet”,
as this term
is applied to either the lead or the
copper action level, means that the 90th percentile level of
the supplier’s samples collected during
a six—month
monitoring period is less than or equal to
the action level
for that
contaminant.
“Method
detection limit”
or “MDL”
is
as defined at Section
611.646(a).
The
MDL
for
lead
is
0.001
mg/L.
The
MDL
for
copper
is 0.001 mg/L,
or 0.020 mg/L
by atomic
absorption
71
direct aspiration method.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from
40 CFR 141.69(a)(1)(iii)
(1992-4).
“Monitoring period” means any of the six—month periods of
time during which a supplier must complete
a cycle of
monitoring under this Subpart.
BOARD NOTE:
USEPA refers to these as “monitoring periods”.
The Board uses
“six—month monitoring period” to avoid
confusion with “compliance period”,
as
used elsewhere
in
this
Part and defined at Section 611.101.
“Multiple—family
residence” means
a
building that is
currently
used
as
a
multiple-family
residence,
but
not
one
that
is also a “single—family
structure”.
“90th percentile level” means
that concentration of lead or
copper contaminant exceeded by
10 percent or
fewer of all
samples collected during
a aix—month monitoring period
pursuant to Section 611.356
(i.e., that concentration of
contaminant greater than or equal to the results obtained
from 90 percent of the samples).
The
90th percentile levels
for
copper
and
lead
shall
be determined pursuant to
subsection
(c)(3)
below.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from
40
CFR
141.80(c)
(1992-4).
“Optimal corrosion control treatment” means the corrosion
control treatment that minimizes the lead and copper
concentrations
at users’
taps while ensuring that the
treatment does not cause the water system to violate any
national primary drinking water regulations.
“Practical quantitation limit” or
“PQL” means the lowest
concentration of a contaminant that
a well—operated
laboratory can reliably achieve within specified limits of
precision and accuracy during routine laboratory operating
conditions.
The PQL for lead is 0.005 mg/L.
The PQL for
copper
is 0.050 mg/L.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.89(a~(fl(ii) and
(a)(1)(iv)
(1992-4)
and 56 Fed.
Reg.
26511—12
(June
7,
1991)
-(preamble).
USEN~has generally defined the ~QL as
5 to—10
ti-moo
the- method--detection limit.
“Service line sample” means a one—liter sample of water,
collected
in accordance with Section 611.356(b) (3), that has
been standing for at least
6 hours in a service
line.
“Single—family structure” means
a building that was
constructed as
a single—family residence and which is
currently used as either a residence or a place of business.
“Small system” means
a water system that regularly serves
water to 3,300 or fewer persons.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.2
(1992-4).
C)
Lead and
Copper Action Levels:
1)
The lead action level is exceeded if the 90th percentile
lead level
is
greater than 0.015 mg/L.
2)
The
copper action
level is exceeded
if
the 90th percentile
copper
level
is
greater
than
1.3
mg/L.
72
3)
Suppliers
shall
compute
the
90th
percentile
lead
and
copper
levels
as
follows:
A)
List the results of
all lead or copper samples taken
during a six—month monitoring period in ascending
order,
ranging from the sample with the lowest
concentration first to the sample with the highest
concentration last.
Assign each sampling result
a
number,
ascending by single integers beginning with
the number
1 for the sample with the lowest
contaminant level.
The number assigned to the sample
with the highest contaminant level shall be equal to
the
total
number
of samples taken.
B)
Determine the number for the 90th percentile sample by
multiplying
the
total
number
of
samples
taken
during
the
six—month
monitoring
period
by
0.9.
C)
The contaminant concentration
in the sample with the
number yielded by the calculation in subsection
(c)(3)(B)
above
is the 90th percentile contaminant
level.
D)
For suppliers that collect
5 samples per six—month
monitoring period,
the 90th percentile
is
computed by
taking the average of the highest and
second highest
concentrations.
d)
Corrosion Control Treatment Requirements:
1)
All suppliers
shall
install and operate optimal corrosion
control treatment.
2)
Any supplier that complies with the applicable corrosion
control treatment requirements
specified by the Agency
pursuant to Sections 611.351 and 611.352 is deemed
in
compliance with the treatment requirement of subsection
(d)(1)
above.
e)
Source
water
treatment
requirements.
Any supplier whose system
exceeds the lead or copper action level
shall implement all
applicable source water treatment requirements specified by the
Agency pursuant to Section 611.353.
f)
Lead service
line replacement requirements.
Any supplier whose
system
exceeds
the
lead
action level after implementation of
applicable corrosion control and source water treatment
requirements
shall complete the lead service line replacement
requirements contained
in Section 611.354.
g)
Public
education
requirements.
Any
supplier whose system exceeds
the lead action level shall implement
the public education
requirements contained
in Section 611.355.
h)
Monitoring and analytical requirements.
Suppliers shall complete
all tap water monitoring for lead and
copper, monitoring for water
quality
parameters,
source water monitoring for lead and copper,
and analyses of the monitoring results under this Subpart
in
compliance with Sections 611.356,
611.357, 611.358, and 611.359.
i)
Reporting requirements.
Suppliers shall report to the Agency any
information required by the treatment provisions of this Subpart
73
and Section 611.360.
j)
Recordkeeping requirements.
Suppliers shall maintain records
in
accordance
with
Section
611.361.
k)
Violation
of
national
primary
drinking
water
regulations.
Failure
to comply with the applicable requirements of this Subpart,
including conditions imposed by the Agency by special exception
permit (SEP) pursuant to these provisions,
shall constitute a
violation of the national primary drinking water regulations for
lead or copper.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.80
(1992-4).
(Source:
Amended
at
19
111.
Reg.
________
effective
_____________________)
Section 611.351
Applicability of Corrosion Control
a)
Corrosion control required.
Suppliers shall complete the
applicable corrosion control
treatment requirements described
in
Section 611.352 on or before the deadlines set
forth in this
Section.
1)
Large systems.
Each large system supplier
(one regularly
serving more than 50,000 persons)
shall complete the
corrosion control treatment steps specified in subsection
(d)
below,
unless it
is deemed to have optimized corrosion
control
under
subsection
(b)(2)
or
(b)(3)
below.
2)
Medium—sized
and
small
systems.
Each
small
system
supplier
(one
regularly
serving 3300 or
fewer persons)
and each
medium—sized system (one regularly serving more than 3,300
up to 50,000 or fewer persons)
shall complete the corrosion
control treatment steps specified in subsection
(e) below,
unless it
is deemed to have optimized corrosion control
under one of subsections
(b)(1),
(b)(2), or (b)(3) below.
b)
Suppliers deemed to have optimized corrosion control.
A supplier
is deemed to have optimized corrosion control, and is
not required
to complete the applicable corrosion control treatment steps
identified
in
this
Section,
if
the
supplier
satisfies
one
of
the
following criteria:
1)
Small or medium—sized system meeting action levels.
A small
system
or
medium—sized
system
supplier
is
deemed
to
have
optimized corrosion control
if the
system
meets
the
lead
and
copper action levels during each of two consecutive six—
month monitoring periods with monitoring conducted in
accordance with Section 611.356.
2)
SEP
for equivalent activities to corrosion control.
The
Agency shall,
by
a SEP granted pursuant to Section 611.110,
deem any supplier to have optimized corrosion control
treatment if it determines that the supplier has conducted
activities equivalent to
the corrosion control
steps
applicable
under this Section.
In making this
determination,
the Agency shall specify the water quality
control parameters representing optimal corrosion control
in
accordance with Section 611.352(f).
A supplier shall
provide the Agency with the following information
in order
to support
an Agency SEP determination under this
subsection:
74
A)
the results of all test samples collected for each of
the water quality parameters
in Section 611.352(c) (3);
B)
a report explaining the test methods the supplier used
to evaluate the corrosion control treatments listed
in
Section 611.352(c) (1),
the results of all tests
conducted,
and the basis for the supplier’s selection
of optimal corrosion control treatment;
C)
a report explaining how the
supplier
has installed
corrosion
control
and
how
the
supplier
maintains
it
to
insure minimal
lead and copper concentrations
at
consumers’
taps;
and
D)
the
results
of
tap
water
samples
collected
in
accordance
with
Section
611.356
at least once every
six months for one year after corrosion control has
been installed.
3)
Results less than practical quantitation level
for lead.
Any supplier
is deemed to have optimized corrosion control
if it
submits results of tap water monitoring conducted in
accordance with Section
611.356
and
source
water
monitoring
conducted
in accordance with Section 611.358 that
demonstrate
that
for
two
consecutive
six—month
monitoring
periods
the
difference
between
the
90th
percentile tap water
lead
level,
computed
pursuant
to
Section
611.350(c)
(3),
and
the
highest
source
water
lead
concentration
is
less
than
the
practical quantitation level
for
lead specified in Section
611.359(a) (1) (B)
(L).
c)
Suppliers not required to complete corrosion control steps for
having
met
both
action
levels.
I)
Any
small
system
or
medium—sized
system
supplier,
otherwise
required to complete the corrosion control steps due to its
exceedance of the
lead or copper action level,
may cease
completing
the
treatment
steps after the supplier has
fulfilled
both
of the following conditions:
A)
It has met both the copper action level and the lead
action level during each of two consecutive six—month
monitoring periods conducted pursuant to Section
611.356,
and
B)
the
supplier
has
submitted
the results for those two
consecutive six—month monitoring periods to the
Agency.
2)
A supplier that has ceased completing the corrosion control
steps pursuant to subsection
(c)(1) above
(or the Agency,
if
appropriate)
shall resume completion of the applicable
treatment steps, beginning with the first treatment step
that the supplier previously did not complete in its
entirety,
if the supplier thereafter exceeds the lead or
copper action level during any monitoring period.
3).
The Agency may,
by SEP, require a supplier to repeat
treatment
steps previously completed by the supplier where
it determines that this
is necessary to properly implement
the treatment requirements of this Section.
Any such SEP
shall
explain
the
basis
for
this
decision.
75
4.).
The requirement for any small or medium—sized system
supplier
to
implement
corrosion
control
treatment
steps
in
accordance with subsection
fe)
below (including systems
deemed to have optimized corrosion control under subsection
(b)(l)
above)
is
triggered
whenever
any
small
or
medium—
sized system supplier
exceeds
the
lead
or
copper
action
level.
d)
Treatment
steps and deadlines for large systems.
Except as
provided in subsections
(b)(2)
and
(b)(3)
above,
large system
suppliers shall complete the following corrosion control treatment
steps
(described
in the referenced portions of Sections 611.352,
611.356, and 611.357) on or before the indicated dates.
1)
Step
1:
The supplier shall conduct initial monitoring
(Sections 611.356(d) (1) and 611.357(b))
during two
consecutive six—month monitoring periods on or before
January
1,
1993.
BOARD NOTE:
U~S.~EPAspecified January
1,
1993
at 40 CFR
l41.81(d)(l).
In order to remain identical-in-substance and
to
retain
state
primacy,
the
Board
retained
this
date
despite
the
fact
that
this
Section
became effective after
that date.
2)
Step
2:
The supplier shall complete corrosion control
studies
(Section 611.352(c))
on or before July
1,
1994.
3)
Step
3:
The Agency shall approve optimal corrosion control
treatment
(Section
611.352(d))
by
a
SEP
issued
pursuant
to
Section
611.110
on
or
before
January
1,
1995.
4)
Step 4:
The supplier shall install optimal corrosion
control treatment
(Section 611.352(e))
by January
1,
1997.
5)
Step
5:
The supplier shall complete follow—up sampling
(Sections 611.356(d) (2) and 611.357(c))
by January
1,
1998.
6)
Step
6:
The Agency shall review installation
of treatment
and approve optimal water quality control parameters
(Section 611.352(1))
by July
1,
1998,
7)
Step
7:
The
supplier
shall
operate
in
compliance
with
the
Agency—specified optimal water quality control parameters
(Section 611.352(g))
and continue to conduct tap sampling
(Sections 611.356(d) (3)
and 611.357(d)).
e)
Treatment steps and deadlines for small and medium—sized system
suppliers.
Except as provided
in subsection
(b)
above,
small and
medium—sized system suppliers shall complete the following
corrosion control treatment
steps
(described in the referenced
portions of Sections 611.352,
611.356 and 611.357)
by the
indicated time periods.
1)
Step
1:
The supplier shall conduct initial tap sampling
(Sections 6l1.356(d)(1) and
611.357(b))
until the supplier
either exceeds the lead action level or the copper
action
level or
it becomes eligible for reduced monitoring under
Section 611.356(d)(4).
A supplier exceeding the
lead action
level or the copper action level shall recommend optimal
corrosion control treatment (Section 611.352 (a)) within six
months after it exceeds one of the action levels.
76
2)
Step
2:
Within
12 months after
a supplier exceeds the lead
action
level or the copper action
level, the Agency may
require the supplier to perform corrosion control studies
(Section 611.352(b)).
If the Agency does
not require the
supplier to perform such studies,
the Agency shall,
by
a SEP
issued pursuant to Section 611.110,
specify optimal
corrosion control treatment
(Section 611.352(d)) within the
following timeframes:
A)
for medium—sized systems, within 18 months after such
supplier exceeds the lead action level or the copper
action level,
B)
for
small
systems,
within
24 months after such
supplier exceeds the lead action level or the copper
action level.
3)
Step
3:
If the Agency requires
a supplier to perform
corrosion control
studies under step
2
(subsection
(e)(2)
above),
the supplier shall complete the studies
(Section
611.352(c))
within
18
months
after
the
Agency
requires
that
such studies be conducted.
4)
Step
4:
If the supplier has performed corrosion control
studies under step
2
(subsection
(e)(2)
above),
the Agency
shall,
by
a SEP issued pursuant to Section 611.110, approve
optimal corrosion control treatment
(Section 611.352(d))
within 6 months after completion of
step 3
(subsection
(e)(3)
above).
5)
Step
5:
The
supplier shall
install optimal corrosion
control
treatment
(Section 611.352(e))
within 24 months
after the Agency approves such treatment.
6)
Step
6:
The supplier shall complete follow—up sampling
(Sections 6l1.356(d)(2) and 611.357(c))
within 36 months
after the Agency approves optimal corrosion control
treatment.
7)
Step 7:
The Agency shall review the supplier’s installation
of treatment and, by
a SEP issued pursuant to Section
611.110,
approve optimal water quality control parameters
(Section 611.352(f)) within
6 months after completion of
step 6
(subsection
(e)(6)
above).
8)
Step
8:
The
supplier
shall
operate
in compliance with the
Agency-approved optimal water quality control parameters
(Section 611.352(g)) and continue to conduct tap sampling
(Sections 611.356(d)(3) and 611.357(d)).
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.81
(1992-4).
(Source:
Amended at
19
Ill. Reg.
________,
effective
_____________________
Section 611.354
Lead Service Line Replacement
a)
Suppliers required to replace lead service
lines.
1)
If the results from tap samples taken pursuant to Section
611.356(d)(2) exceed the lead action level after
the
supplier has installed
corrosion control or source water
treatment
(whichever sampling occurs later), the supplier
77
shall recommence replacing lead service lines in accordance
with the requirements of subsection
(b)
below.
2)
If
a supplier is
in violation of Section 611.351 or Section
611.353
for failure to
install source water or corrosion
control treatment,
the Agency may,
by
a SEP
issued pursuant
to Section 611.110, require the supplier to commence lead
service line replacement under this Section after the date
by which the supplier was required to conduct monitoring
under Section 611.356(d) (2) has passed.
b)
Annual replacement of lead service lines.
1)
A supplier required to commence
lead service line
replacement pursuant to subsection
(a)
above shall annually
replace at
least
7 percent of the
initial number of lead
service lines
in its distribution system.
2)
The initial number of lead service lines
is the number of
lead lines
in place
at the time the replacement program
begins.
3)
The
supplier shall identify the initial number of lead
service lines
in
its distribution system based on
a
materials evaluation,
including the evaluation required
under Section 611.356(a).
4)
The
first year of
lead service
line replacement
shall begin
on the date the supplier exceeded the action level in tap
sampling referenced
in subsection
(a)
above.
c)
Service lines not needing replacement.
A supplier is not required
to replace
any individual
lead service line for which the lead
concentrations
in all service
line samples taken from that line
pursuant to Section 611.356(b) (3) are less than or equal to 0.015
mg/L.
d)
Replacement of service line.
1)
A supplier required to replace
a
lead service
line pursuant
to subsection
(a)
above shall replace the entire service
line (up to the building inlet) unless the Agency determines
pursuant to subsection
(e) below that the supplier controls
less than the entire service
line.
2)
Replacement
of less than the entire service
line.
A)
Where the Agency has determined that the supplier
controls less than the entire service line,
the
supplier shall replace that portion of the line that
the Agency determines
is under the supplier’s control.
B)
The supplier that will replace less than the entire
service line shall notify the user served by the line
that
the
supplier
will
replace
that
portion
of
the
service line under its control, and the supplier shall
offer to replace the remaining portion of the service
line that
is under the building owner’s control.
C)
The supplier required to replace
less than the entire
service line is not required to bear the cost of
replacing any portion of the service line that
is
78
under the building owner’s control.
D)
Offer to collect samples.
i)
For buildings where only a portion of the lead
service line
is replaced,
the supplier shall
inform the resident(s)
that the supplier will
collect
a first draw tap water sample after
partial replacement of the service
line is
completed
if the resident(s)
so desire.
Li)
In cases where the resident(s)
accept the offer,
the
supplier
shall
collect
the
sample
and
report
the results to the resident(s) within 14 days
following partial
lead service line replacement.
e)
Control of entire service
line.
1)
A supplier
is presumed to control the entire
lead service
line
(up
to
the building
inlet) unless the supplier
demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Agency,
in
a letter
submitted under Section 611.360(e) (4),
that
it does not have
any of the
following forms of control over the entire line
(as defined by state statutes, municipal ordinances, public
service contracts or other applicable legal authority):
A)
authority
to
set
standards
for
construction,
repair,
or maintenance of the line;
B)
authority to replace,
repair,
or maintain the service
line;
or
C)
ownership of the service
line.
2)
Agency determinations.
A)
The
Agency
shall
review
the
information
provided
by
the supplier and determine the
following:
i)
whether the supplier controls less than the
entire service line,
and
ii)
where the supplier controls
less than the entire
service line,
the Agency shall determine the
extent of the supplier’s control.
B)
The Agency shall make its determination of the extent
of
a
supplier’s
control
of
a
service
line
as
a
SEP
pursuant
to
Section
611.110,
and
the
Agency
shall
explain
the
basis
for
its
determination.
BOARD NOTE:
See Section 611.360(e)(4)
and the Board
Note that follows.
The
court
in American Water Works
Association v.
EPA,
40
F.3d
1266
(D.C.
Cir.
1994~,
vacated U.S. EPA’s definition of
‘control”
to the
extent
it would require the supplier to exert
“control” over
a privately—owned service
connection.
The
Board
does
not
intend
that
the
Illinois
definition
give the state regulations more effect than the
federal definition gives the U.S. EPA regulations.
f)
Agency determination of shorter replacement schedule.
79
1)
The Agency shall, by a SEP issued pursuant to Section
611.110, require a supplier to replace
lead service
lines on
a shorter schedule than that otherwise required by this
Section
if
it determines,
taking into account
the number of
lead service lines
in the system, that such
a shorter
replacement
schedule
is
feasible.
2)
The
Agency
shall
notify
the
supplier
of
its
finding
pursuant
to
subsection
(f)(1)
above
within
6
months
after
the
supplier
is triggered into lead service line replacement
based on monitoring,
as referenced in subsection
(a)
above.
g)
Cessation
of
service
line
replacement.
1)
Any supplier may cease replacing lead service lines whenever
it
fulfills both of the following conditions:
A)
first draw tap samples collected pursuant to Section
611.356(b) (2)
meet the
lead action level during each
of two consecutive six—month monitoring periods and
B)
the
supplier
has
submitted
those
results
to
the
Agency.
2)
If any of
the supplier’s first draw tap samples thereafter
exceed
the
lead
action
level,
the supplier shall recommence
replacing lead service lines pursuant to subsection
(b)
above.
h)
To demonstrate compliance with subsections
(a) through
(d)
above,
a supplier shall
report to the Agency the information specified
in
Section 611.360(e).
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.84
(1992-4).
(Source:
Amended at
19
Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
______________________
Section
611.357
Monitoring
for
Water
Quality
Parameters
All large system suppliers,
and
all small
and medium—sized system suppliers
that
exceed
the
lead
action
level or the copper action level, shall monitor
water quality parameters
in addition to lead and copper in accordance with
this
Section.
The
requirements
of
this
Section
are
summarized
in
Section
611.Table G.
a~
General Requirements
1)
Sample
collection methods
A)
Use
of
tap
samples.
The
totality
of
all
tap
samples
collected by a supplier shall be representative
of
water quality throughout the distribution system
taking into account the number of persons
served,
the
different sources of water, the different~treatment
methods employed by the supplier,
and seasonal
variability.
Although a supplier may conveniently
conduct
tap
sampling
for
water
quality
parameters
at
sites used for coliform sampling performed pursuant to
Subpart
L
of
this
Part,
it
is not required to do so,
and
a supplier
is not required
to
perform tap sampling
pursuant to this Section at taps targeted
for lead and
copper
sampling
under
Section
611.356(a).
80
B)
Use of entry point samples.
Each supplier shall
collect samples at entry point(s)
to the distribution
system
from locations representative of each source
after treatment.
If
a supplier draws water
from more
than
one
source
and
the
sources
are
combined
before
distribution,
the supplier must sample at an entry
point to the distribution system during periods of
normal operating conditions
(i.e., when water is
representative of all sources being used).
2)
Number of samples
A)
Tap samples.
Each supplier shall collect two tap
samples for applicable water quality parameters during
each six—month monitoring period specified under
subsections
(b) through
(e) below from the number
of
sites indicated in the
first column of Section
6l1.Table S.
B)
Entry point
samples.
i)
Initial
monitoring.
Each supplier
shall
collect
two samples
for each applicable water quality
parameter at each entry point to the
distribution system during each six—month
monitoring period specified
in subsection
(b)
below.
ii)
Subsequent monitoring.
Each supplier shall
collect one sample
for each applicable water
quality parameter at each entry point to the
distribution
system
during
each
six—month
monitoring period specified
in subsections
(C)
through
(e)
below.
b)
Initial Sampling.
1)
Large systems.
Each large system supplier shall measure the
applicable water quality parameters specified in subsection
(b)(3) below at taps and at each entry point to the
distribution system during each six-month monitoring period
specified in Section 611.356(d)(1).
2)
Small
and
medium—sized systems.
Each small
and medium—sized
system supplier shall measure the applicable water quality
parameters specified in subsection
(b)(3)
below at the
locations specified in this subsection during each six—month
monitoring period specified in Section 611.356(d)(1) during
which the supplier exceeds the lead action level or the
copper action level.
3)
Water quality parameters:
A)
pH;
B)
alkalinity;
C)
orthophosphate,
when
an
inhibitor
containing
a
phosphate compound
is
used;
D)
silica, when an inhibitor containing a silicate
compound
is used;
81
E)
calcium;
F)
conductivity;
and
G)
water temperature.
C)
Monitoring after installation of corrosion control.
1)
Large systems.
Each large system supplier that installs
optimal corrosion control treatment pursuant to Section
6l1.351(d)(4)
shall measure the water quality parameters
at
the locations and frequencies specified
in subsections
(c)(3) and (c)(4)
below during each six-month monitoring
period specified
in Section 611.356(d)(2)(i).
2)
Small and medium-sized systems.
Each small, or medium-sized
system that installs optimal corrosion control treatment
pursuant to Section
61l.351(e)(S)
shall measure the water
quality parameters at
the locations and frequencies
specified
in subsections
(c)(3) and
(c)(4) below during each
six-month monitoring period specified in Section
611.356(d)(2)(ii)
in which the supplier exceeds
the lead
action level or the copper action level.
3)
Tap water samples,
two samples at each tap for each of the
following water quality parameters:
A)
pH;
B)
alkalinity;
C)
orthophosphate,
when an inhibitor containing
a
phosphate compound
is used;
D)
silica, when an inhibitor containing
a silicate
compound
is used;
and
E)
calcium, when calcium carbonate stabilization
is used
as part of corrosion control.
4)
Entry point samples, one sample at each entry point to the
distribution system every two weeks
(bi-weekly)
for each of
the following water quality parameters:
A)
pa;
B)
when alkalinity
is adjusted as part of optimal
corrosion control,
a reading of the dosage rate of the
chemical used to adjust alkalinity, and the alkalinity
concentration;
and
C)
when
a corrosion inhibitor
is used as part of optimal
corrosion control,
a reading of the dosage rate of the
inhibitor used,
and the concentration of
orthophosphate
or silica
(whichever is applicable).
d)
Monitoring after
the Agency specifies water quality parameter
values
for optimal corrosion control.
1)
Large systems.
After the Agency has specified the values
for applicable water quality control parameters reflecting
optimal corrosion control treatment pursuant to Section
82
611.352(f),
each large system supplier shall measure the
applicable water quality parameters
in accordance with
subsection
(C)
above during each six—month monitoring period
specified in Section 61l.356(d)(3).
2)
Small and medium—sized systems.
Each small or medium—sized
system supplier shall conduct such monitoring during each
six-month monitoring period specified in Section
61l.356(d)(3)
in which the supplier exceeds the lead action
level or the copper action level.
3)
Confirmation sampling.
A)
A supplier may take
a confirmation sample for any
water quality parameter value no later than
3 days
after
it took the original sample
it seeks to confirm.
B)
If
a supplier takes
a confirmation sample;
it must
average the result obtained
from the confirmation
sample with the result obtained from the original
sample
it
seeks to confirm,
and the supplier shall use
the average of these two results
for any compliance
determinations under Section 611.352(g).
C)
The Agency shall delete the results that
it determines
are due to obvious sampling errors from this
calculation.
e)
Reduced monitoring.
1)
Reduction in tap monitoring.
A supplier that has maintained
the range of values for the water quality parameters
reflecting optimal corrosion control treatment during each
of two consecutive six—month monitoring periods under
subsection
(d)
above shall continue monitoring at the entry
point(s)
to the distribution system as specified in
subsection
(c)(4)
above.
Such
a supplier may collect two
samples from each tap for applicable water quality
parameters from the reduced number of sites indicated in the
second column of Section 61l.Table
E during each subsequent
six—month monitoring period.
2)
Reduction
in monitoring frequency.
A)
Stages of reductions.
i)
Annual monitoring.
A supplier that maintains
the range of values for the water quality
parameters reflecting optimal corrosion control
treatment specified pursuant to Section
611.352(f) during three consecutive years of
monitoring may reduce the frequency with which
it collects the number of tap samples for
applicable water quality parameters specified
in
subsection (e)(l)
above from every
six months to
annually.
ii)
Triennial monitoring.
A supplier that maintains
the range of values for the water quality
parameters reflecting optimal corrosion control
treatment specified pursuant to Section
611.352(f)
during three consecutive years of
83
annual monitoring under subsection
(e) (2) (A)(i)
above may reduce the
frequency with which
it
collects the number of
tap samples for
applicable water quality parameters
specified
in
subsection (e)(l) above from annually to once
every three years.
B)
A supplier that conducts sampling annually or every
three years shall collect these samples evenly
throughout the calendar year
so as to reflect seasonal
variability.
C)
Any
supplier subject to a reduced monitoring
frequency
pursuant to this
subsection that fails to operate
within the range of values
for the water quality
parameters specified pursuant to Section 611.352(f)
shall resume tap water sampling
in accordance with the
number and frequency requirements of subsection
(d)
above.
f)
Additional monitoring
by systems.
The results of any monitoring
conducted
in addition to the minimum requirements of this section
shall be considered by the supplier and the Agency in making
any
determinations
(i.e., determining concentrations
of water quality
parameters)
under this Section or Section 611.352.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.87 (l99~).
(Source:
Amended at
19
Ill.
Reg.
,
effective
_____________________
Section 611.359
Analytical Methods
a)-
Analyses for lead,
copper, pH,
conductivity, calcium,
alkalinity,
orthophosphate,
silica,
and temperature shall be conducted using
the methods set forth
in cubocotion
(b) bclowSection 611.6111~
1)
Analy3cs performed for
the purpooca of compliance with this
Cubpart shall onl-y be conduc-tcd by laboratorie-s that have
been certified by USEPA or the Agency.
To obtain
certification to conduct analyses for load and copper,-
laboratories must;
2’s)
Analyse performance ovaluation oampleo that inoludo
lead and
ooppor provided by USEPA Environmental
Monitoring and Cupport Laboratory or—equivalent
samples provided by the Agency;
and
B)
Achieve quantitative acceptance
limit-s
-as followsi-
i)
Loath
±30
percent
of the actual amount in the
performance evaluation samplo when the actual
amunt
is greater than or equal to O.OOS
mg/L,-
~fl4
-ii.-)
Coppor~ ~kl0percent—of the actual amount in
the
performance evaluation sample when the actual
amount
is greater than or equal to 0.O~0mg/Lj-
d3(incd in Section 611-.3S0(a) aooordingto~the
procedures
in
35
Ill.
Ad,n.
Code 183 and 40 OI1~
136, Appendix
B;
DDefinitipn and Procedure fer
84
~
iv)
Be
currently certified
by-USEPA
or the Agenoy—~e
perform analyses to the specifications described
in
subsection
(a)(2)
below.
SEP issued ourcuant to ~Ceoti~.on
cr
~
use
~
co-ilectcd
purpoaeo of monitoring-under thi
e collootod and analysed
i-n
A)
Ml
lead levels greater
than or cqual
to--the
lead PQL
Pb
~ 0.005 mg/L~must be rcportcd as measured.-
B)
All
lcad levels- measured less than the PQL
and
great-er
than the
~eporte-d
MDL
(0.005 mg/L
Pb
MDL)
must be either
as
measured or
as one
half the
PQL
(0.0025
mg
/L)-.
C)
A-Il
load levels below the
load
l~fDL (MDL
~-
Pb)- must be
Report
i-ng-
A)
All
copper cvels
greater than or equal to the coppc-r
r’QL
(Cu ~ 0.05
rng/L)
must bc-reported
as measured.
B)
A-Il
copper
levclc~meaourcd ieee than the PQL
and
g-reater
than
the
MDL
(0.05
mg/L
)-
Cu
MDL)
must be
c-ithe~r
reported as measured or
as
one
half
-the
I’QL
(-0.025
rng/-L)-.
C)
All copper levels below the copper MDL
(MDL
Cu~
must
be
repert-ed as
b
Analytical
mcthod~
1)
Lead
W4.~.....,..1
A.
Z..,._._.
—.
A. ~..t...
ACTH Methods
-iji)r
c~tandard Method.
iod
D3559—85-D
Method
3113~
3
on,
platform furn
-
-
0)
For
analytirtg lead and
copper,
the
technique
applicable to-total metals must be
us-ed—a-nd
sample-s
cannot be
filtered.
Samples
that
-contain
ices than
1
WI~U
and whieh~are properly preserved (concentrated
niti~it~t~id
$~
nfl
~
thin
2)
may
hr~ .~n~r~i1
0
allow a ouppli
monitoring data for the
Subpart
if the data wer~
4-—
,~
i
-
C-.
2)
Copper
directly
(without digestion)
for total metalst
otherwise digestion
is
required.
Turbidity
muet
be
measured on the preserved
samples ~uot prior to when
metal analycic
is initiated.
When diogootion
io
required,
the “total recoverable”
technique-,- a-a
defined
in the method,
must be used.
iii)
Etandard Methodo
~ption, di-~
Inorganic
Mcthod—3l13~
aspiration:
bode.
Method
220.1,
ii)
A&TU
Methods:
Method
D168S
90A,
or
iii)
Ctan-dard
Methodot
Method 3111—Br
C)
Inductively-coupled plasma:
~
Mcthr~
~“~‘
~‘-,-
“—~~
3.2
~.)
n.e-on
D)
Inductivc-l-y--~
Method
200.8,
~
LiC
al
Platform
Cubscct
i
copper.
~)
3)
pH
A.)-
B.)-
4)
Cci
A)
B)
C)
UGEPA Inorganic Methods
Method- 120.1,
t
r
I
fl
—
85
1)
ii)
~eanu~irunctnoas:
nczhod
3l..u-~
I
I
.—._~
..1
.7
~orption;
platform furnace techniquci
n.it—
vurnapc Method 200.9.
~n
(b)(1)(D) above applice to analyn~o
for
UCEPA
In
e—.
i-c
Methods,
Method
150-.l
—
~.1
A)
EDTJ\ titr-imotriei
-
86
ii)
ACTM
~ethods:
Method
D511—8-8A,
or
iii)
Standard Methods.
Method -500—Ca D-
—-C--
4-)-
ii)
ASTH
Methods:
H
iii)
Standard Methods
0)
Inductively coupled ~
~4
1)
I(_t-’
l-.c~r
ii)
Standard Methods:
Method 3120.
A)
Titrimetrip:
ii)
ACTH
Methods:
Method
D1067
-88-B-i
-or
iii~
Standard
Methods.
Method
2320-,
or
1030 85.
Orthophoopha
4..
~4-..—.4-
1’_
A)
Unfiltered,
no digestion or hydrolysis:
USEPA
Inorganio
Methods.
Method
365.1;
B)
Colorimetric,
automated,
ascorbic acid.
Ctandard
D515- 0-BA-i-
tomat
ed-
i)
Ion Chromatography Method
.300.-O,
ii)
AETH
Methods,
Method 04327-88,
or
iii)
Standard Methods:
Method 4110.
.......,u....
Method
a1~
:hod DSll—BSB,
o-r
_IJ~4-
I..-,4~
_‘~1
I
I
_~
‘-,
i-tev
.,j.2,
c~r
C)
Colon
big acid,
two rcagcnt-~
ii)
Standard Methodo.
Method
45-00-—P
0)
Calorimetric,
ascorbic acid,
singlc rc~
E)
Calorimetric, phoophomo1ybd~ate
flow or automated discrete:
U
r......
~
87
B)
Silica.
Colorimotric, molybdate blue, automated
flow;
USCS Methods.
Methods I—l-700—SS or I—2’700-85p
.mctnic~
YI~1~.
I’
~
~
Hethodo.
Moth
Method 0859 88
C)
Molybdooilioatei
Standard Hethodo.
Method 4B00—si-D~-
0)
Ileteropoly blue,
Standard Methods.
Method 4500-Si-E
i)
ICP Method 200.7,
Rev.
3
.2,
or
-ii)
Standard
Methods.
Method
3120.
Temperature:
Thermometric:
Standard Methods.
Method
25-50.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.89 (l99~), as amended
at 5~ Fed.
Req. 3184762470
(July
17, l992December
5.
1994).
(Source:
Amended at
19
Ill.
Req.
________,
effective
_____________________
Section 611.360
Reporting
A supplier shall report
all of the following information to the Agency in
accordance with this Section.
a)
Reporting
for tap,
lead and copper,
and water quality parameter
monitoring.
1)
A supplier shall report the following information for all
samples within 10 days of the end of each applicable
sampling period specified
in Sections 611.356 through
611.358
(i.e., every six—months,
annually, every
3 years,
or
every
nine
years).
A)
the
results
of
all
tap
samples
for
lead
and
copper,
including
the
location
of
each
site
and
the
criteria
under Section 611.356(a) (3)
through
(7)
under which
the site was selected for the supplier’s eampling
pool;
B)
a certification that each first—draw sample collected
by
the
supplier
was
one-liter
in
volume
and,
to
the
best of the supplier’s knowledge,
had stood motionless
in
the
service
line,
or
in
the
interior
plumbing
of
a
sampling site,
for at least aix hours;
C)
where
residents
collected
samples,
a
certification
that
each
tap
sample
collected
by
the
residents
was
taken after the supplier
informed them of the proper
sampling procedures specified
in Section
611.356(b) (2);
88
D)
the
90th
percentile
lead
and
copper
concentrations
measured
from
among
all
lead
and
copper
tap
samples
collected
during
each
sampling
period
(calculated
in
accordance
with
Section
611.350(c)
(3));
5)
with
the exception of initial tap sampling conducted
pursuant to Section 61l.356(d)(1), the supplier shall
designate any site that was not 8ampled during
previous sampling periods,
and
include an explanation
of why sampling sites have changed;
F)
the results of all tap eamples
for pH,
and where
applicable,
alkalinity, calcium,
conductivity,
temperature,
and orthophosphate or silica collected
pursuant to Section 611.357(b)
through
(e);
G)
the results of
all samples collected at entry point(s)
for applicable water quality parameters pursuant to
Section 611.357(b) through
(a).
2)
By the applicable date
in Section 611.356(d)(1)
for
commencement
of monitoring, each CWS supplier that does not
complete its targeted sampling pool with CWS tier 1 sampling
sites meeting the requirements of Section 611.356(a) (4) (A)
shall
send
a letter to the Agency justifying
its selection
of CWS tier
2 sampling sites or
CWS tier
3 sampling sites
pursuant to Section 611.356
(a)(4)(A)(ii),
(a)(4)(A)(iii),
or
(a) (4) (A) (iv).
3)
By the applicable date in Section 611.356(d)(l)
for
commencement of monitoring,
each NTNCWS supplier that does
not complete its sampling pool with NTNCWS tier
I sampling
sites meeting the requirements of Section
611.356(a) (4) (B)
shall send
a letter to the Agency justifying
its selection
of alternative NTNCWS sampling sites pursuant to that
Section.
4)
By the applicable date in Section 611.356(d)(1)
for
commencement of monitoring,
each supplier with lead service
lines that
is not able to locate the number of sites served
by such lines required by Section 6l1.356(a)(4)(D)
shall.
send a letter to the Agency demonstrating why
it was
unable
to locate
a sufficient number of such sites based upon the
information listed
in Section 611.356(a) (2).
5)
Each supplier that requests that the Agency grant
a SEP that
reduces the number and frequency of sampling shall provide
the information required by Section 6ll.356(d)(4).
b)
Reporting for source water monitoring.
1)
A supplier shall report the sampling results
for all source
water samples collected in accordance with Section 611.358
within 10 days of the end of each source water sampling
period
(i.e.,
annually, per compliance period,
per
compliance
cycle)
specified
in
Section
611.358.
2)
With the exception of the first round of source water
sampling conducted pursuant to Section 611.358(b),
a
supplier
shall
specify
any
site that was not sampled during
previous sampling periods,
and include an explanation of why
the sampling point has changed.
89
e)
Reporting for corrosion control treatment.
By
the
applicable
dates
under
Section
611.351,
a supplier shall
report the following information:
1)
for
a supplier demonstrating that it has already optimized
corrosion control,
the information required by Section
611.352(b)(2)
or
(b)(3).
2)
for a supplier required to optimize corrosion control,
its
recommendation
regarding
optimal
corrosion control treatment
pursuant
to
Section
611.352(a).
3)
for a supplier required to evaluate
the effectiveness
of
corrosion control treatments pursuant to Section 611.352(c),
the information required by Section 611.352(c).
4)
for a supplier required to install optimal corrosion control
approved by the Agency pursuant
to Section 611.352(d),
a
copy
of the agency permit
letter, which acts as
certification
that
the
supplier
has completed installing the
permitted
treatment.
d)
Reporting for source water treatment.
On or before the applicable
dates
in
Section
611.353,
a
supplier
shall
provide
the
following
information to the Agency:
1)
if required by Section 611.353(b) (1),
its recommendation
regarding source water treatment;
or
2)
for suppliers required to install source water treatment
pursuant to Section
611.353(b) (2),
a copy of the Agency
permit letter,
which acts as certification that the supplier
has completed installing the treatment approved by the
Agency within 24 months
after the Agency approved the
treatment.
0)
Reporting for lead service line replacement.
A supplier shall
report the
following information to the Agency to demonstrate
compliance with the requirements of Section 611.354:
1)
Within
12 months after
a supplier exceeds the lead action
level in sampling referred to in Section 611.354(a),
the
supplier shall report each of the following to the Agency in
writing:
A)
a demonstration that
it has conducted a materials
evaluation,
including the evaluation required by
Section 611.356(a),
8)
identify the initial number of lead service lines in
its distribution system,
and
C)
provide the Agency with the supplier’s schedule
for
annually replacing at least
7 percent of the initial
number of lead service lines
in its distribution
system.
2)
Within
12 months after
a supplier exceeds the lead action
level
in sampling referred to
in Section 611.354(a),
and
every 12
months thereafter,
the supplier shall demonstrate
to the Agency
in writing that the supplier has either:
90
A)
replaced
in
the
previous
12
months
at
least
7
percent
of
the
initial
number
of
lead
service
lines
in
its
distribution
system
(or
any
greater
number
of
lines
specified
by
the
Agency
pursuant
to
Section
611.354(f)),
or
B)
conducted sampling that demonstrates that the lead
concentration
in all
service line samples from an
individual
line(s),
taken
pursuant
to
Section
611.356(b) (3),
is less than or equal to 0.015 mg/L.
C)
Where the supplier makes
a demonstration under
subsection
(e)(2)(B)
above,
the total number of
lines
that the supplier has replaced,
combined with the
total number that meet the criteria of Section
611.354(b),
shall equal
at
least
7 percent
of the
initial number of
lead lines identified pursuant
to
subsection
(a)
above
(or the percentage specified by
the Agency pursuant
to Section 611.354(f)).
3)
The annual
letter submitted to the Agency pursuant to
subsection
(e)(2) above shall contain the following
informat ion:
A)
the number of
lead service lines originally scheduled
to be replaced during the previous year of the
supplier’s replacement
schedule;
B)
the number and location of each lead service line
actually replaced during the previous year of the
supplier’s
replacement
schedule;
and
C)
if measured,
the water lead concentration from each
lead service line sampled pursuant to Section
611.356(b) (3)
and
the location of each
lead service
line sampled,
the
sampling method used,
and the date
of sampling.
4)
As soon as practicable,
but
no later than three months after
a supplier exceeds the lead action level in the sampling
referred to
in Section 611.354(a),
any supplier seeking to
rebut the presumption that
it has control over the entire
lead service line pursuant to Section 611.354(d)
shall
submit
a letter to the Agency describing the following:
A)
the legal authority
(e.g.,
state
statutes, municipal
ordinances,
public service contracts or other
applicable legal authority)
that limits the supplier’s
control over the service
lines; and
B)
the extent of the supplier’s
control over the service
lines.
BOARD NOTE:
This communication is vital to a supplier
seeking to replace less than entire service
lines.
Under Section 6l1.354(e)(1),
a supplier is presumed to
control the entire service line unless it makes an
affirmative showing.
Under Section 611.354(d)(2)(A),
a supplier is affirmatively required to replace all of
each service line except as to any particular service
line for which the Agency has made an affirmative
determination that the supplier does not control in
91
its
entirety.
Under
Sections
611.354(b)(1)
and
(b)(4),
the supplier must have completed replacing
seven percent of the lead service lines within
a year
of
the day of
the
event
that
triggered
the
requirement.
Section 39(a)
of the Act allows the
Agency
90
days to render
its decision on any permit
request.
Therefore,
any supplier that desires an
Agency determination pursuant to Section 611.354(e) (2)
must submit the required infomation within the three
month time-frame of this subsection.
f)
Reporting
for
public
education
program.
1)
By December 31st of each calendar year,
any supplier that
is
subject to the public education requirements of Section
611.355
shall submit
a letter to the Agency demonstrating
that the supplier
has delivered the public education
materials which meet the following requirements:
A)
the content requirements of Section 611.355(a)
and
-
(b),
and
B)
the delivery requirements of Section
611.355(c).
2)
The information submitted pursuant to this
subsection shall
include
a list
of
all
the newspapers,
radio stations,
television
stations,
facilities
and organizations to which
the supplier delivered public education materials during the
previous year.
3)
The supplier shall submit the
letter required by this
subsection annually for as long as it continues to exceed
the lead action level.
9)
Reporting Qfadditional monitoring data.
Any supplier that
collects
sampling data in addition to that required by this
Subpart shall report the results of
that sampling to the Agency e~
or bcforewithin the first ten days following the end of the
applicable sampling period(s)
specified by Sections
611.356
through 611.358 during which the samples are collected.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CPA 141.90 (199~~).
(Source:
Amended at
19
Ill. Reg.
_______,
effective
____________________
SUBPART K:
GENERAL MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS
Section 611.480
Alternative Analytical Techniques
The Agency may approve, by special exception permit,
an alternate analytical
technique.
The Agency shall not approve an alternate analytical technique
without the concurrence of U~S~~.EPA.The Agency shall approve an alternate
technique
if it
is substantially equivalent to the prescribed test
in both
precision and accuracy as
it
relates to the determination of compliance with
any
Z4CL.
The use of the alternate analytical technique must
not decrease the
frequency of monitoring required by this Part.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CPA 141.27 (19~94).
Section 611.490
Certified Laboratories
92
a)
For
the
purpose
of
determining
compliance
with
Subparts
L
through
Q,
samples
will
be
considered
only
if
they
have
been
analyzed:
1)
By
a laboratory certified pursuant to Section
4(o)
of the
Act;
or,
2)
By
a laboratory certified by U~~S~EPA;or,
3)
Measurements
for
turbidity,
free
chlorine
residual,
temperature and pH may be performed under the supervision of
a certified operator
(35
Ill.
Adni. Code
603.103).
b)
Nothing in this Part
shall be construed to preclude the Agency or
any duly designated representative of
the Agency
from taking
samples or from using the results from such samples to determine
compliance by a supplier of water with the applicable requirements
of this Part.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.28
(19~94).
C)
The CWS supplier shall have required analyses performed either
at
an Agency
laboratory,
or
a certified laboratory.
The Agency may
require
that
some
or
all
of
the
required
samples
be
submitted
to
its
laboratories.
BOARD
NOTE:
This
is an additional
State requirement.
Section 611.500
Consecutive PWSs
When
a PWS supplies water to one or more other PWSs,
the Agency shall modify
the monitoring requirements imposed by this Part to the extent that the
interconnection of the PWSs justifies treating them as
a single PWS
for
monitoring purposes.
Any modified monitoring must be conducted pursuant to a
schedule specified by special exception permit.
The Agency shall not approve
such modified monitoring without the concurrence
of U~S~EPA.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.29 (19~94).
Section 611.510
Special Monitoring
for Unregulated Contaminants
a)
Monitoring for Phase
I unregulated contaminants.
1)
All CWS and NTNCWS suppliers shall begin monitoring for the
contaminants
listed
in subsection
(a)(5)
no later than the
the following dates:
A)
Less than 3300 persons
served:
January
1,
1991.
B)
3300 to 10,000 persons
served:
January
1,
1989.
C)
More than 10,000 persons
served:
January
1,
1988.
2)
SWS and mixed system suppliers shall sample at points in the
distribution system representative of each water source or
at entry points to the distribution system after any
applicaiton of treatment.
The minimum number of samples is
one year of quarterly samples per water source.
3)
-
GWS suppliers shall sample at points of entry to the
distribution system representative
of each well after any
application
of treatment.
The minimum number of samples
is
one sample per entry point to the distribution system.
93
4)
The Agency may
issue
a SEP pursuant to Section 610.110 to
require a supplier to use a confirmation sample for results
that it finds dubious for whatever reason.
The Agency must
state its reasons for issuing the SEP
if the SEP
is Agency—
initiated.
5)
List of Phase
I unregulated chemical contaminants:
Bromàbenzene
Bromodichloromethane
Bromoform
Bromomethane
Chlorobenzene
Chlorodibromomethane
Chloroethane
Chloroform
Chloromethane
o—Chlorotoluene
p-Chlorotoluene
Dibromomethane
m—Dichlorobenzene
1, 1—Dichloroethane
1,3-Dichloropropane
2,2-Dichloropropane
1, 1—Dichloropropene
1, 3—Dichloropropene
1, 1, 1, 2—Tetrachloroethane
1, 1,2,2—Tetrachloroethane
1,2, 3—Trichloropropane
6)
This subsection corresponds with 40 CFR 141.40(f),
reserved
by U~S~EPA. This statement maintains structural
consistency
with
U.~S.~.EPA
rules.
7)
Analyses performed pursuant to subsection
(a)
shall be
conducted
using
the
following
U..S~EPA Organic
Methods:
Methods
SO2.4~2~-
503.1,
524.-1,~
524.2-,-
or
502.2cr
their
equivalent as approved by the Agency,
except that analyses
for bromodichloromethane, bromoform, chlorodibromomethane,
and chloroform may also be performed using U.S. EPA Organic
Methods:
Method
551,
and
analyses
for
l,2,3—trich.oro—
propanernay
also
be performed using U.S.
EPA Organic Methods:
Method 504.1,
all of which are incorporated
by reference in
Section 611.102.
BOARD
NOTE:
Subsection
(b)
derived
from
40
CFR
141.40(a)
through
(m)
(199~),
as
amended
at
5~
Fed.
Reg.
3181S62469
(~~uly1~7Dec. 5,
199~).
The
Board
has
adopted
no
counterpart
to
40
CFR
40
CFR
141.40(h),
which
the
Board
has
codified
at
subsection
(C)
below;
141.40(i),
which
pertains
to
the
ability
of
suppliers
to
grandfather
data
up
until
a
date long since expired;
141.41(j),
an optional UJS~EPA
provision relating to monitoring
15 additional contaminants
that
U~S~EPAdoes
not
require for state programs;
141.40(k),
which pertains to notice to the Agency by smaller
suppliers up until
a date long since expired in lieu of
sampling;
141.40(1), which the Board has adopted at
subsection
(d)
below;
and 141.40(m),
an optional provision
that pertains to composite sampling.
Otherwise,
the
structure of this Section directly corresponds with 40 CFR
141.40(a) through
(in) (199~)
94
b)
Monitoring
for Phase
V unregulated contaminants.
Monitoring of
the unregulated organic contaminants listed in subsection (b)(ll)
below and the unregulated inorganic contaminants
listed
in
subsection
(b)(12)
below
shall
be conducted as follows:
1)
Each CWS and NTNCWS supplier
shall take four consecutive
quarterly samples
at each sampling point
for each
contaminant
listed in subsection
(b)(11)
below and report
the results to the Agency.
Monitoring must be completed by
December
31,
1995.
2)
Each
CWS
and
NTNCWS
supplier
shall
take
one
sample
at
each
sampling point for each contaminant listed in subsection
(b)(12) below and report the results to the Agency.
Monitoring must be completed by December 31,
1995.
3)
Each CWS and NTNCWS supplier may apply to the Agency for
a
SEP pursuant to Section 611.110 that releases
it
from
any
of
the requirements
of subsections
(b)(l)
and
(b)(2)
above.
4)
The Agency shall grant
a SEP pursuant to Section 611.110 as
follows:
A)
From any requirement
of subsection
(b)(1)
above based
on consideration of
the factors
set
forth at Section
611.110(e),
and
B)
From
any
requirement
of
subsection
(b)
(2)
above
if
previous
analytical
results
indicate
contamination
would
not occur, provided this data was collected
after
January
1,
1990.
5)
A GWS supplier shall take
a minimum of one sample at every
entry
point
to
the
distribution
system
that
is
representative
of each well after treatment
(“sampling
point”).
6)
A SWS or mixed system supplier shall take a minimum of one
sample at points
in the distribution system that are
representative of each source or at each entry point to the
system after treatment
(“sampling point”).
7)
If the system draws water from more than one source and
sources are combined before distribution,
the supplier shall
sample at an entry point during periods of normal operating
conditions
(when water representative of all sources is
being used).
8)
The Agency may
issue a SEP pursuant to Section 610.110 to
require a supplier to use a confirmation sample for results
that
it
finds dubious for whatever reason.
The Agency must
state its reasons for issuing the SEP if the SEP is Agency—
initiated.
9)
Suppliers shall take samples at the same sampling point
unless
the
Agency
has
granted
a
SEP
allowing
another
sampling point because conditions make another sampling
point
more
representative
of
the
water
from
each
source
or
treatment
plant.
BOARD NOTE:
Subsection
(b)(9) above corresponds with
duplicate segments of
40 CFR 141.40(n) (5)
and (n)(6)
95
(199~4),
which
correspond
with
subsections
(b)(5)
and
(b)(6)
above.
The Board has adopted
no
counterpart
to
40
CFR
14l.40(n)(9),
an optional provision that pertains to
composite sampling.
Otherwise,
the structure of this
Section directly corresponds with 40 CFR 141.40(n)
(199~).
10)
Instead of performing the monitoring required by this
subsection,
a cWs and NTNCWS supplier serving fewer than
150
service connections may send a letter to the Agency stating
that the ~ws is available for
sampling.
This letter must be
sent to the Agency by January
1,
1994.
The supplier shall
not send such samples to the Agency, unless requested to do
so by the Agency.
11)
List of Phase V unregulated organic
contaminants with
methods required for analysis
(all methods are from U.S. EPA
Organic Methods unless otherwise noted;
all are incorporated
by reference in
Section 611.102):
Contaminant
U~S~EPAOrganic Methods
Aldicarb
___________________________
Aldicarb sulfone
__________________________
Aldicarb
sulfoxide
__________________________
Aldrin
________
Butachior
Carbaryl
Dicamba
_____________
Dieldrin
3—Hydroxycarbofuran
______________________
Methomyl
Metolachior
_______
Metribuzin
Propachlor
Contaminant
Sulfate
531.1,
Standard Methods:
Method 6610
531.1, Standard Methods:
MEthod 6610
531.1, Standard Methods:
MEthod 6610
505,
508,
508.1,
525.2
507, 525~
531.1, Standard Methods:
Method
6610
515.1,
515.2,
555
505,
508,
525
531.1, Standard
Methods:
Method
6610
531.1,
Standard
Methods:
Method 6610
507,
508.1, 525~2
507,
508.1, 525~
507,
508.1, S25~
12)
List of unregulated inorganic contaminants
(all methods
indicated are incorporated by reference
in Section 611.102):
UCEP2~Inorgpnic Methods
ColorimctrioU.S.
EPA Environmental
Inorganic Methods:
Methods 300.0,
375.2;_ASTM D 4327—91;
Standard
Methods:
Methods 4110L 45O0—so,P’~
450O—SO~
C
&
D
BOARD NOTE:
Subsection
(b) derived from 40 CFR
141.40(n)
(l99~), as amended at 5~ Fed.
Reg.
3184662471
(July
17Dec.
5, 199Q~).
c)
Analyses performed pursuant to this Section must be conducted by a
laboratory ~pprovcdcertified
pursuant to Section 61l.646(q).
BOARD NOTE:
Subsection
(C)
derived from 40 CFR 141.40
(h)
(19924),
ac amended--at
57 Fad.
-flog.
31846 (July
17,
1992)-.
96
d)
All CWS and NTNCWS
suppliers shall
repeat the monitoring required
by this Section no less frequently than every
five years,
starting
from the dates specified
in subsections
(a)(l) and
(b)(2)
above.
BOARD
NOTE:
Subsection
(d)
derived from 40 CFR 141.40
(1)
(199~).
(Source:
Amended at
19
Ill. Reg.
,
effective
_____________________
SUBPART
L:
MICROBIOLOGICAL MONITORING
AND
ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS
Section 611.522
Repeat Coliform Monitoring
a)
If a routine sample
is total coliform—positive,
the supplier
shall
collect a set of repeat samples within 24 hours of being notified
of the positive result.
A supplier that collects more than one
routine sample per month shall collect no fewer than three repeat
samples for each total coliform—positive sample
found.
A supplier
that collects one routine sample per month or fewer shall collect
no fewer than four repeat samples for each total coliform—positive
sample
found.
The Agency shall extend the 24-hour limit
on a
case—by—case basis
if
it determines that the supplier
has
a
logistical
problem
in collecting the repeat samples within 24
hours that
is
beyond its control.
In the case of
an extension,
the Agency shall specify how much time the
supplier has to collect
the repeat
samples.
b)
The
supplier shall collect
at
least one repeat
sample from the
sampling tap where the original total coliform—positive sample was
taken,
and at least one repeat sample at
a tap within
five service
connections upstream and at least one repeat sample at a tap
within five service connections downstream of the original
sampling site.
If a total coliform-positive sample is at the end
of the distribution system,
or one away from the end of the
distribution system, the Agency may waive the requirement to
collect at least one repeat sample upstream or downstream of the
original sampling site.
c)
The supplier shall collect
all repeat
samples on the same day,
except that the Agency shall allow a supplier with a single
service connection to collect the required set of repeat samples
over a four—day period or to collect
a larger volume repeat
sample(s)
in one or more sample containers of any
size,
as
long as
the total volume collected
is at least 400 ml
(300 ml
for PWSs
that collect more than one routine sample per month).
d)
If one or more
repeat samples
in the set
is total coliform—
positive,
the supplier shall
collect an additional set of repeat
samples
in the manner specified
in subsections
(a) through
(c).
The additional samples must be collected within 24 hours of being
notified of the positive result, unless the Agency extends the
limit as provided in subsection (a).
The supplier shall repeat
this process until either total coliforms are not detected in one
complete set of repeat samples or the supplier determines that the
MCL for total coliforms
in Section 611.325 has been exceeded and
notifies the Agency.
e)
If
a supplier collecting
fewer than five routine samples/month has
one or more total coliform—positive samples and the Agency does
not
invalidate the sample(s) under Section 611.523, the supplier
97
‘shall collect at least
five routine
samples during the next month
the supplier provides water to the public,
unless the Agency
determines that the conditions of subsection
(e)(l) or
(2)
are
met.
This does not apply to the requirement to collect repeat
samples in subsections
(a) through
(d).
The supplier does not
have to collect the samples
if:
1)
The
Agency
performs
a
site
visit
before
the
end
of
the
next
month the supplier provides water to the public.
Although
a
sanitary
survey
need
not
be
performed,
the
site
visit
must
be sufficiently detailed to allow the Agency to determine
whether additional monitoring or any corrective action
is
needed.
2)
The Agency has determined why the sample was total coliform—
positive and establishes that the supplier has corrected the
problem or will correct the problem before the end of the
next month the supplier serves water to the public.
A)
The Agency shall document this decision
in writing,
and make the document available to U.S. EPA and the
public.
The written documentation must describe the
specific cause of the total coliform-positive sample
and
what
action
the
supplier
has
taken
or
will
take
to
correct the problem.
B)
The Agency cannot waive the requirement
to collect
five routine samples the next month the supplier
provides water to the public solely on the grounds
that all
repeat samples are total coliform—negative.
C)
Under this subsection,
a supplier shall still take at
least one routine sample before the end of the next
month
it
serves water to the public and use
it to
determine compliance with the MCL for total coliforrns
in
Section 611.325,
unless the Agency has determined
that the supplier has corrected the contamination
problem before the supplier took the set of repeat
samples required
in subsections
(a) through
(d), and
all repeat samples were total coliform—negative.
f)
After a supplier collects
a routine sample and before
it learns
the results of
the analysis of that sample,
if
it collects another
routine sample(s)
from within five adjacent
service connections of
the initial sample, and the initial
sample,
after analysis,
is
found to contain total coliforms,
then the supplier may count the
subsequent sample(s)
as
a repeat sample
instead of as a routine
sample.
g)
Results of
all routine and repeat samples not invalidated pursuant
to Section 611.523 must be included
in determining compliance with
the MCL for total coliforms
in Section
611.325.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.21(b)
(1994).
(Source:
Amended at 19 Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
_____________________
Section 611.523
Invalidation of Total Coliforru Samples
A total coliform-positive sample invalidated under this Section does not count
towards meeting the minimum monitoring requirements.
98
a)
The Agency shall invalidate
a total coliform-positive sample only
if the conditions of subsection
(a)(l),
(a)(2), or
(a)(3)
are met.
1)
The laboratory establishes that
improper sample analysis
caused
the total coliform-positive result.
2)
The Agency, on the basis of the results of repeat
samples
collected
as required by Section 611.522(a) through
(d)
determines that the total coliform—positive sample resulted
from
a domestic or ether non—distribution system plumbing
problem.
The Agency cannot
invalidate a sample on the basis
of repeat sample results unless all repeat
sample(s)
collected at the same tap as the original total coliform—
positive sample are also total coliform—positive,
and all
repeat samples collected within
five service connections of
the original
tap are total coliform-negative
(e.g., Agency
cannot
invalidate a total coliform—positive sample on the
basis of repeat samples
if all the repeat
samples are total
coliform-negative,
or
if the supplier has only one service
connection).
3)
The Agency determines that there are substantial grounds to
believe that a total coliform-positive result
is due to
a
circumstance
or
condition
which
does
not
reflect
water
quality
in the distribution system.
In this case,
the
supplier shall
still
collect all
repeat samples required
under Section 611.522(a) through
(d)
and use them to
determine compliance with the MCL
for total
colifornis in
Section 611.325.
To invalidate a total colifomm—positive
sample under this subsection, the decision with the
rationale for the decision must be documented
in writing.
The Agency shall make this document available to U.S~EPA
and the public.
The written documentation must state the
specific cause of the total coliform—positive sample, and
what action the
supplier has taken,
or will take, to correct
this problem.
The Agency shall not invalidate a total
coliform-positive sample solely on the grounds that all
repeat samples are total coliform—negative.
b)
A laboratory shall invalidate a total coliform sample (unless
total coliforms are detected)
if the sample produces
a turbid
culture in the absence of gas production using an analytical
method where gas formation
is examined
(e.g., the Multiple—Tube
Fermentation Technique),
produces
a turbid culture in the absence
of an acid reaction in the P—A Coliform Test,
or exhibits
confluent growth or produces colonies too numerous
to count with
an analytical method using
a membrane filter
(e.g., Membrane
Filter Technique).
If
a laboratory invalidates
a sample because
of such interference,
the supplier shall collect another sample
from the same
location as the original sample within 24 hours of
being notified of the interference problem,
and have
it analyzed
for the presence of total coliforms.
The supplier shall continue
to re—sample within 24 hours
and have the samples analyzed until
it obtains
a valid result.
The Agency shall waive the 24-hour
time limit on
a case—by-case basis,
if it
is not possible to
collect the sample within that time.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived
from
40
CFR
141.21(c)
(199~4).
(Source:
Amended at
19
Ill.
Reg.
_______,
effective
Section 611.526
Analytical Methodology
99
a)
The standard sample volume required for total colifomm analysis,
regardless of analytical method used,
is
100
niL.
b)
Suppliers need only determine the presence or absence of total
colifomms,
a determination of total colifomm density is not
required.
C)
Suppliers shall conduct total colifomm analyses in accordance with
one
of the following analytical methods,
incorporated by reference
in Section 611.102
(the time from sample collection to initiation
of
analysis may not exceed 30 hours):
1)
Multiple—Tube Fermentation
(MTF)
Technique,
as set forth in
Standard Methods:
Methods 9221
A and
B:
A)
Standard
Hothodru
Method- 908,
908A
and 9028, oxoept
that 10 fermentation tubcs must be uoed; orLactose
broth,
as commercially available,
may be used in lieu
of
lauryl tryptose broth
if the supplier conducts at
least
25 parallel tests between this medium and
lauryl
tryptose broth using the water normally tested and
this comparisan demonstrates that the false—positive
rate for total
coliforms,
using lactose broth,
is
less
than
10 percent;
Microbiological ~1cthodru
Part
III,
Ccction
B 4.1—
4-.6.4,
pp. 114-uS,
(~tootProbable Uumbcr Method),
except that
10 fermentation tubos must be uocd-~or~
inverted tubes are used ot detect
gas
production,
the
media
should cover these tubes at
least one—half to
two—thirds after the sample
is added;
and
QJ.
No
requirement
exists
to
run
the
mr~1~+~r~
chase
on
~cent
of all
total
14~m—~4’~veconf4”~’~
tubes
10
2)
Membrane Filter
(MF) Technique,
as
set forth in Standard
Methods:
Methods 9222
A,
B,
and
C-e.L
Standard
Mcthodet
Method 909,
909A and 9O9B~-or
B)
Microbiological
Methods:
Part III, Ccction 8.2.1—2.6,
pp.
108-112,.
or
3)
P—A Coliform Test,
as set forth in:
Standard Methods:
Method ‘)OBE~or922.
8:
~j.
No requirement exists to run the completed phase on 10
percent of all total coliforrn—positive confirmed
tubes: and
~).
Six—times formulation stren~thmay be used if the
medium is filter—sterilized rather than autoclaved
4)
HHO-HUC test.
The
MHO
HOC toot ~,iithhopes buffor in
lieu of
phosphate buffer
ic an aoaeptable—minor revioion.ONPG—MUG
test:
Standard Methods:
Method 9223.
(The ONPG—MUG test
is also known as the autoanalysis colilert system.
Colisure
~
frrm
M11iirôr~c~rnbr~$!~itn..
tPh~
~r1i~nr~
B)
test must be incubated
for 28 hours before examining
results.
If
an examination of the results at 28 hours
is
100
not convenient,
then results may be examined at any time
between
28 hours and
48 hours.~
d)
~n lieu of the 10-tube HTF Technique opocifiod in subsection
4t~I1~.
m~r
.inr
Fh~
HTP
Tochniqua using ~th~
five
tuboc (20 ml Qampie porti~~
~
ture sottie oon~aLnLng
the
culture
medium
for
the HTF Toohniquo,
i.e.,
lauryl tryptoso
broth
(formulated
go
described
in
Standard
Methods.
Hothod 908A,
inoorporated by reference
in Section 611.102)
as long as
a 100 ml
water sample
is used
in the analynis-~This subsection corresponds
with 40 CFR 14l.21(f)(4), which U.S. EPA has marked “reserved”.
This statement maintains structural consistency with the federal
regulations.
e)
Suppliers shall conduct fecal coliform analysis in accordance with
the following procedure:
1)
When the MTF Technique or P—A Coliforrn Test is used to test
for total
coliforms,
shake the lactose-positive presumptive
tube or P—A vigorously and transfer the growth with a
sterile 3—mm loop or sterile applicator
stick into brilliant
green lactose bile broth and EC medium,
defined below,
to
determine the presence of total
and fecal coliforms,
respectively.
2)
For Microbiological Happroved methods, referenced
above,-
that use a membrane filter,
transfer the total coliform—
positive culture by one of the following methods:
remove
the membrane containing the total coliform colonies
from the
substrate with
a sterile
forceps
and carefully curl and
insert the membrane into a tube of EC medium.
(The
laboratory may first remove
a small portion of selected
colonies for verification);
swab the entire membrane filter
surface with a sterile cotton swab and transfer the inoculum
to EC medium (do not
leave the cotton swab in the
BC
medium); or inoculate individual
total coliform—positive
colonies into EC medium.
Gently shake the inoculated tubes
of
EC medium to insure adequate mixing and incubate
in a
waterbath at 44.5±0.2°C for 24±2hours.
Gas production of
any amount
in the inner fermentation tube of the EC medium
indicates
a positive fecal coliform test.
3)
The preparation
of EC medium
is described
in Standard
Methods:
Method 90BC9221_E.
4)
Suppliers need only determine the presence or absence of
fecal coliforms,
a determination of fecal coliform density
is not required.
f)
Suppliers shall conduct analysis of E.
coli
in accordance with one
of the following analytical methods:
1)
EC medium supplemented with 50 pg/L of MUG
(final
concentration).
EC medium is
as
described
in
subsection
(e).
MUG may be added to EC medium before autoclaving.
EC
medium supplemented with 50 pg/L MUG is commercially
available.
At
least 10 mL of EC
medium
supplemented
with
MUG must be used.
The
inner inverted fermentation tube may
be omitted.
The procedure
for transferring a total
coliform-positive culture to EC medium supplemented with MUG
is
as
in
subsection
(e)
for
transferring
a
total
coliform—
positive
culture to EC medium.
Observe fluorescence with an
101
ultraviolet light
(366
1-mi)
in the dark after incubating tube
at 44.5±2°C for 24±2hours; or
2)
Nutrient agar supplemented with
100 pg/L MUG
(final
concentration).
Nutrient Agar is described in Standard
Methods:
Mctho4 908Cpages
9-47 to 9-48.
This
test
is used
to determine
if
a total coliform—positive sample,
as
determined by the MF technique or
any other method in which
a membrane filter
is used,
contains
B.
coil.
Transfer the
membrane
filter
containing
a
total
coliform
colony
or
colonies to nutrient agar supplemented with
100 pg/L MUG
(final concentration).
After
incubating the
agar plate at
35°Celsius for 4 hours,
observe
the colony or colonies
under ultraviolet
light
(366
rim)
in the dark for
fluorescence.
If fluorescence is visible,
B.
coli are
present.
3)
Minimal Medium ONPG-MUG
(14140-MUG)
Test,
as set
forth
in
Section 611.Appendix D.
(The Autoanalysis Coliert System
is
a MMO-MtJG test.)
If
the lIMO-MUG test
is total coliform
positive after
a 24-hour incubation,
test the medium
for
fluorescence with a 366—nm ultraviolet
light (preferably
with a 6—watt
lamp)
in the dark.
If fluorescence
is
observed,
the sample
is
B.
coli—positive.
If
fluorescence
is questionable (cannot be definitively read) after 24 hours
incubation,
incubate the culture
for
an additional
four
hours
(but not to exceed 28 hours total), and again test the
medium for fluorescence.
The MMO-MUG test with hepes buffer
is the only approved formulation for the detection of B.
coli.
il
The Colisure Test,
from Millipore Corporation,
incorporated
by reference in Section 611.102.
g)
As an option to the method set forth
in
subsection
(f)(3),
a
supplier with a total coliform—positive, MUG—negative,
14140—MUG
test may
further analyze the culture for the presence of B.
coli
by transferring a 0.1 mL,
28—hour
M40—MUG
culture to BC medium
+
MUG with a pipet.
The formulation and incubation conditions of
the BC medium
+ MUG,
and observation of the results are described
in subsection
(f)(1).
j~
This subsection corresponds with 40 CFR l41.21(f)(8),
a central
listing of all documents incorporated by reference into the
federal microbiological analytical methods.
The corresnondina
Illinois incorporatations by reference are located at Section
611.102.
This statement maintains structural parity with U.S. EPA
regulations.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.21(f)
(1994j),
as amended at
56~.Fed.
Reg.
642-,
January
8,
1991,
57 Fed.
flog.
1852, January
15,
1992, and 5~Fed.
fleg.
24747,
Juno 10, 199262466
(Dec.
5,
1994).
(Source:
Amended at
19 Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
_____________________
Section
611.531
Analytical
Requirements
Only the
analytical
method(s)
specified
in
this
Section
may
be
used
to
demonstrate compliance with the requirements of Subpart
B.
Measurements for
pH, temperature, turbidity and RDCs must be conducted under the supervision of
a certified operator.
Measurements for total coliforms,
fecal coliforms and
HPC must be conducted by
a laboratory certified by the Agency to do such
102
analysis.
The following procedures must be performed by the following
methods,
incorporated
by
reference
in
Section
611.102:
a)
F-Qua...
uoi~orm
oonoontrationi
Stanuaru-
twtnu-?rn, .~cn
tu~t
Mcthod~90CC, 90~Dor 909C.A supplier shall:
fl~
Conduct analysis
of
pH
in accordance with one of the methods
listed
at
Section
611.611;
and
Conduct
analyses to total coliforms,
fecal coliforms,
heterotrophic bacteria,
turbidity,
and temperature
in
accordance with one of the following methods,
and by using
analytical test procedures contained
in “Technical Notes on
Drinking Water”,
available from NTIS, incorporated by
reference in Section 611.102:
~j.
Total coliform fermentation technique:
Standards
Methods
(18th
ed.):
Method
9221
A,
B,
and
C.
Jj~
Lactose broth,
as commercially available,
may be
used
in lieu
of
lauryl tryptose broth
if
the
supplier conducts
at
least_ 25 parallel tests
between this medium and
lauryl tryptose broth
using the water normally tested and this
comparisan
demonstrates
that
the
false-positive
rate for total coliforms,
using lactose broth,
is less than
10 percent
JJJ
If
inverted tubes are used ot detect gas
production,
the media
should cover these tubes
at least one—half to two-thirds after the sample
is added;
and
iii)
No requirement exists to run the completed phase
on
10 percent of all total coliform—positive
confirmed tubes
~J
Total
coliform
membrane
filter
technique:
Standard
Methods
(18th ed.):
Method 9222
A,
B,
and C.
~
ONPG—MUG
test
(also known as the autoanalysis colilert
system):
Standard Methods
(18th ed.):
Method 9223.
~J.
Fecal coliform MPN procedure:
Standard Methods
(18th
ed.):
Method 9221
E
(A-1 broth may be held up to
three months
in
a tightly closed screwcap tube at 4°C
(39°F)).
El
Heterotrophic bacteria
(the time from sample
collection to initiation of analysis must not exceed 8
hours):
fl
U.S. EPA Environmental
Inorganic Methods:
Method 180.1
JJJ.
GLI Method
2.
EJ.
Temperature:
Standard Methods
(18th ed.):
Method
2550.
b)
cc~talcoliform cone
~ra.~on:
Standard Methods,
~
~
~
“~“~
~“~‘
“~‘
-—
9G~B-.-A
suonlier
shall
measure
103
residual disinfectant concentrations with one of the following
analytical methods from Standard Methods
(18th ed.),
and by using
analytical
test procedures contained
in
“Technical Notes on
Drinking Water”, available from NTIS,
incorporated by reference in
Section 611.102:
-
fl
Free chlorine:
Amperonietric Titration:
Method 4500-Cl
D.
El
DPD Ferrous Titrimetric:
Method 4500—Cl
F.
~J.
DPD Colimetric:
Method 4500—Cl C.
~J.
Sy~rinqaldazine(FACTS):
Method 4500-Cl
H.
21
Total
chlorine:
~j.
Amperonietric
Titration:
Method
4500—Cl
B.
~J.
DPD Ferrous Titrimetric:
Method 4500—Cl
F.
Qj
DPD
Colimetric:
Method 4500-Cl
G.
~J
lodometric Electrode:
Method 4500-Cl
I.
~j.
Chlorine dioxide:
~j.
Amperometric Titration:
Method 4500—do,
C or
E.
~j.
DPD Method:
Method 4500—ClO,D.
Ozone:
Indigo Method:
Method 4500—O,B~
Alternative test methods:
The Agency may grant
a SEP
pursuant to Section 611.110 that allows
a supplier to use
alternative chlorine test methods as follows:
~.
DPD colorimetric test kits:
Residual disinfectant
concentrations for free chlorine and combined chlorine
may
also
be
measured
by
using
DPD
colorimetric
test
kits.
~J
Continuous
monitoring
for
free
and
total
chlorine:
Free_and_total
chlorine
residuals
may
be
measured
continuously by adapting a specified chlorine residual
method_for_use with
a continuous monitoring
instrument,
provided the chemistry,
accuracy, and
precision remain the same.
Instruments used for
continuous monitoring must be calibrated with a grab
sample measurement
at
least every five days or as
otherwise provided by the Agency.
BOARD
NOTE:
Suppliers
may
use
a five—tube test or
a ten—tube
test.
-ll-t~C,
Etandard Methods,
16th fldition, Method 90Th.
d)
c)
flDCi
104
1)
Free chlorine and combined chlorine
(ehloramincs) muot be
measured by Standard Methods,
16th Edition, Method 408C,
408D,
408E
or
40SF~
2)
Oeone
must
be
measured
by
the
Indigo
method,
or
automated
methods which arc calibrated
in reference to the roculta
obtained by the Indigo method on
a regular bacto,
if
approved
by
the
Agency.
3-)
Chlorine
dioxide must be measured by Standard Methods,
l6*h
Edition, Methods 41GB or 410C.
C --
-
rd
Methods,
16th Edit-i
~,__t.__.,
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.74(a) (19~9~j,as amended at
54.~.Fed.
Reg.
2-7-526, June
29,
198-962470
(Dec.
5,
1994).
SUBPART M:
TURBIDITY
MONITORING
AND ANALYTICAL
REQUIREMENTS
Section 611.560
Turbidity
The requirements
in this Section apply to unfiltered
1991,
unless the Agency has determined prior to that
required.
The requirements
in this Section apply to
29,
1993.
The
requirements
in
this
Section
apply
to
Agency has determined must install filtration,
until
filtration is
installed, whichever
is
later.
PWSs until December
30,
date that filtration is
filtered PWSs until
June
unfi1t~ered
PWSs that the
June
29,
1993,
or until
a)
Suppliers shall take samples at representative entry point(s)
to
the distribution system at least once per day,
for the purposes of
making turbidity measurements to determine compliance with Section
611. 320.
1)
If Public Health determines that
a reduced sampling
frequency in a non-CWS will not pose a risk to public
health,
it may reduce the required sampling frequency. The
option of reducing the turbidity frequency will be permitted
only in those suppliers that practice disinfection and which
maintain an
active RDC in the distribution system, and
in
those cases where Public Health has indicated in writing
that no unreasonable risk to health existed under the
circumstances of this option.
2)
The turbidity measurements must be made in accordance with
the following methods,
incorporated
by
reference
in
Section
611.102:
A)
By the Nephelometric Method:
i)
Standard
Methods:
Method 214A;
or
ii)
U~S~EPAInorganic Methods:
Method 180.1.
B)
Calibration of the turbidimeter must be made either by
the use of
a formazin
standard as specified in the
cited references,
or a styrene divinylbenzene polymer
standard
(P.rnco—AEPA—1 Polymer).
b)
If the result of
a turbidity analysis indicates that
the maximum
105
allowable limit has been exceeded,
the sampling
arid measurement
must be confirmed by resampling
as soon
as practicable and
preferably within one hour.
If the repeat sample confirms that the
maximum allowable
limit hasbeen exceeded,
the supplier of water
shall report to the Agency within
48 hours.
The repeat
sample must
be the sample used for the purpose of calculating the monthly
average.
If the monthly average of the daily samples exceeds the
maximum allowable limit,
or
if the average of two samples taken on
consecutive
days
exceeds
S
NW,
the supplier of water shall report
to the Agency and notify the public as directed in Subpart
T of
this
Part.
c)
Sampling for non—CWSs must begin by June 29,
1991.
d)
This Section applies
only to suppliers
that use water obtained
in
whole or in part from surface
sources.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.22
(199,~4).
(Source:
Amended at
19
Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
_____________________
SUBPART
N:
INORGANIC
MONITORING
AND ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS
Section 611.600
Applicability
The following types of suppliers
shall conduct monitoring to determine
compliance with the old HCLs
in Section 611.300 and the revised MCLs
in
611.301,
as appropriate,
in accordance with this Subpart:
a)
CWS suppliers.
b)
NTNCWS suppliers.
C)
Transient non—CWS suppliers to determine compliance with the
nitrate
and nitrite MCLs.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.23
(preamble)
(l99~4).
d)
Detection limits.
The following are detection limits
for purposes
of this Subpart
(MCLs from Section 611.301 are set
forth for
information purposes only):
Detec—
MCL
(mg/L,
tion
except as-
Limit
Contaminant
bestos)
Method
(mg/L)
Antimony
0.006
Atomic absorption—furnace
0.003
technique
Atomic absorption—furnace
0.0008
technique (stabilized
temperature)
Inductively—coupled
plasma—
0.0004
Mass spectrometry
Atomic absorption—gaseous
0.001
hydride technique
Asbestos
7 MFL
Transmission electron
0.01 MFL
106
microscopy
Barium
2
Atomic
absorption—
furnace
0.002
technique
Atomic
absorption—
direct
0.1
aspiration
technique
Inductively—coupled
plasma
0.002
arc furnace
Inductively—coupled plasma
0.001
(using concentration
technique
in
appendix
200.7A
to USEflA morgan-ic
Method 200.7)
Beryllium
0.004
Atomic absorption—furnace
0.0002
technique
Atomic absorption—furnace
0.00002
technique
(stabilized
temperature)
Inductively—coupled
plasma
0.0003
(using
a
2x
preconcen—
tration
step;
a
lower
MDL
is possible using 4x
preconcentrat
ion)
Inductively-coupled
plasma-
0.0003
Mass spectrometry
Cadmium
0.005
Atomic absorption-
furnace
0.0001
technique
Inductively—coupled plasma
0.001
(using
concentration
technique
in appendix
200.7A
to USEPA
Inorganic
Method
200.7)
Chromium
0.1
Atomic absorption—
furnace
0.001
technique
Inductively—coupled
plasma
0.007
Inductively—coupled plasma
0.001
(using concentration
technique
in appendi~t
200.7A to USEPA
Inoraan...o
Method 200.7)
Cyanide
0.2
Distillation,
0.02
spectrophotometric
(screening
method
for
total
cyanides)
Automated distillation,
0.005
spectrophotometric
(screening method
for total
cyanides)
107
Distillation,
selective
electrode (screening method
for total cyanides)
Distillation,
amenable,
spectrophotometric
(for
free cyanides)
Manual
cold vapor technique
Automated
cold
vapor
technique
Atomic absorption—furnace
technique
Atomic absorption—furnace
0.0006
technique (stabilized
temperature)
Inductively—coupled
plasma
(using a 2x preconcen—
tration step;
a lower MDL
is
possible using 4x
preconcentration)
Inductively—coupled plasma—
Mass spectrometry
Manual cadmium reduction
Automated hydrazine
reduction
Automated cadmium reduction
Ion—selective electrode
Ion chromatography
Spectrophotometric
Automated cadmium reduction
Manual cadmium reduction
Ion chromatography
Atomic absorption—
furnace
technique
Atomic absorption— gaseous
hydride technique
Atomic absorption—furnace
technique
Atomic absorption—furnace
technique (stabilized
temperature)
Inductively—coupled plasma—
0.05
0.02
0.0002
0. 0002
0.001
Mercury
0.002
Nickel
0.1
Nitrate
(as
N)
10
Nitrite
(as N)
1
Selenium
0.05
Thallium
0.002
0.005
0. 0005
0.01
0.01
0.05
1
0.01
0.01
0.05
0.01
0.004
0.002
0.002
0.001
0. 0007
0.0003
108
Mass spectrometry
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from
40 CFR 141.23 preamble and paragraph
(a)(4)(i)
(1994~4jTas amended at
67 Fed.
Reg.
31838—39
(July
17,
1992).
(Source:
Amended
at
19
Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
______________________
Section 611.601
Monitoring Frequency
Monitoring shall be conducted as follows:
a)
Required sampling.
1)
Each supplier shall take
a minimum of one sample at
each
sampling point
at the times required by Section
611.610
beginning in the initial compliance period.
2)
Each sampling point must produce
samples that are
representative of the water from each source after treatment
or from each treatment plant,
as required by subsection
(b)
below.
The total number of sampling points must be
representative of the water delivered to users throughout
the PWS.
3)
The supplier shall take each sample at the same sampling
point unless conditions make another sampling point more
representative of each source or treatment plant and the
Agency has
granted a SEP
pursuant to subsection
(b)(5)
below.
b)
Sampling points.
1)
Sampling
points for GWSs.
Unless otherwise provided by
SEP,
a GWS supplier shall take at least one sample from each of
the following points:
each entry point that
is
representative of each well after treatment.
2)
Sampling points
for SWSs and mixed systems.
Unless
otherwise provided by SEP,
a SWS or mixed system supplier
shall take at
least one sample from each of the following
points:
A)
Each entry point after the application of treatment;
or
B)
A point
in the distribution system that
is
representative of each source after treatment.
3)
If a system draws water from more than one source,
and the
sources are combined before distribution,
the supplier shall
sample at an entry point during periods of normal operating
conditions when water
is representative
of
all sources being
used.
4)
Additional sampling points.
The Agency shall, by SE?,
designate
additional
sampling
points
in
the
distribution
system or
at the consumer’s tap if
it determines that such
-
samples are necessary to more accurately determine consumer
exposure.
5)
Alternative sampling points.
The.Agency shall,
by SE?,
109
approve alternate sampling points
if
the supplier
demonstrates that the points are more representative than
the generally required point.
c)
This subsection corresponds with 40 CFR 141.23(a) (4),
an optional
U~S.~.EPAprovision relating to compositing of samples that ~
EPA does not
require for state programs.
This statement maintains
structural consistency with U.S~.EPArules.
d)
The frequency of monitoring for the following contaminants must be
in accordance with the following Sections:
1)
Asbestos:
Section 611.602;
2)
Antimony,
barium,
beryllium, cadmium,
chromium,
cyanide,
fluoride, mercury~nickel,
selenium,
arid thallium:
Section
611.603;
3)
Nitrate:
Section 611.604;
and
4)
Nitrite:
Section 611.605.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.23(a)
and
(C)
(199~)
and
-10 CFR 141.23(o),
as
amended
at
57
Fed.~ Rag.
31839
(July
17,
1992).
(Source:
Amended at
19 Ill.
lkeg.
________,
effective
_____________________
Section 611.603
Inorganic Monitoring Frequency
The
frequency
of monitoring conducted to determine compliance with the revised
Z4CLs in Section 611.301
for antimony,
barium, beryllium, cadmium,
chromium,
cyanide,
fluoride,
mercury,
nickel,
selenium,
and thallium is as follows:
a)
Suppliers shall take samples
at each sampling point, beginning
in
the initial compliance period,
as follows:
1)
For CWS5:
at
least one sample every tnrcc--ycarsdurin~each
compliance period
2)
For SWSs and mixed systems:
at
least one
sample each year.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 14l.23(c)(1)
(199a~.).
b)
SEP Application.
fl
The supplier may apply to the Agency
for
a SEP that allows
reduction from the monitoring frequencies specified
in
subsection
(a) above pursuant to subsections
(d) through
(f)
below and Section
611.110.
21
The supplier may apply to the Agency for a SEP that relieves
it of the requirement
for monitoring cyanide pursuant to
subsections
(d)
through
(f)
below
and
Section
611.110.
BOARD NOTE:
Drawn from 40 CFR 141.23(c) (2)
and
(c)(6)
(199~).
C)
SEP Procedures.
The Agency shall review the request pursuant to
the SEP procedures
of Section
611.110 based on consideration of
the factors in subsection
(e) below.
110
BOARD NOTE:
Drawn from 40 CFR 14l.23(c)(6)
(199a4).
d)
Standard
for
SEP
reduction
in
monitoring.
The
Agency
shall
grant
a
SEP
that
allows
a
reduction
in
the
monitoring
frequency
if
the
supplier demonstrates that all
previous
analytical
results
were
less than the MCL, provided the supplier meets the
following
minimum data requirements:
1)
For GWS suppliers:
a minimum of three rounds of monitoring.
2)
For SWS and mixed system suppliers:
annual monitoring
for
at
least three years.
3)
At least one sample must have been taken since January
1,
1990.
4)
A supplier that uses
a new water source is not eligible for
a
SEP
until
it
completes
three
rounds
of
monitoring from the
new source.
BOARD NOTE:
Drawn from 40 CFR 141.23(c)(4)
(l994).
e)
Standard for SEP monitoring conditions.
As a condition of any
SEP, the Agency shall require that the supplier take a minimum of
one sample during the term of the SEP.
In determining the
appropriate reduced monitoring frequency,
the Agency shall
consider:
1)
Reported
concentrations
from
all
previous
monitoring;
2)
The degree of variation in reported concentrations; and
3)
Other factors may affect contaminant
concentrations,
such as
changes
in groundwater pumping rates,
changes
in the CWSs
configuration,
the CWS’s operating procedures, or changes
in
stream flows or characteristics.
BOARD NOTE:
Drawn
from 40 CFR 141.23(c)(3) and
(c)(5)
(199~34).
f)
SEP Conditions and Revision.
1)
A SEP will expire at the end of the compliance cycle for
which
it was issued.
BOARD NOTE:
Drawn from 40
CFR
141.23(c)(3)
(l99~).
2)
In issuing a SEP, the Agency shall specify the level of the
contaminant upon which the “reliably and consistently”
determination was based.
A SEP must provide that the Agency
will review and, where appropriate,
revise its determination
of the appropriate monitoring frequency when the supplier
submits new monitoring data or when other data relevant to
the supplier’s appropriate monitoring frequency become
available.
BOARD NOTE:
Drawn from 40 CFR l41.23(c)(6)
(1993~).
g)
A supplier that exceeds the MCL for antimony,
barium, bervl1ium~
cadmium,
chromium,
cyanide,
fluoride,
mercury,
nickel,
e*
selenium,
or thallium,
as determined in Section 611.609,
shall
monitor quarterly for that contaminant, beginning in the next
111
quarter after the violation occurred.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR l41.23(c)(7)
(199~4).
h)
Reduction of quarterly monitoring.
1)
The Agency shall
grant a SEP pursuant to Section 611.110
that reduces
the monitoring frequency to that specified by
subsection
(a) above if
it determines that the sampling
point
is reliably and consistently below the MCL.
2)
A request for
a SEP must include the following minimal
information:
A)
For
a GWS:
two quarterly samples.
B)
For an sws or mixed system:
four quarterly samples.
3)
In issuing the SEP,
the Agency shall specify the level of
the contaminant upon which the “reliably and consistently~
determination was based.
All
SEPs that
allow less frequent
monitoring based on an Agency ~‘reliably and consistently”
determination shall include a condition requiring the
supplier to resume quarterly monitoring
for any contaminant
pursuant
to subsection
(g) above
if
it violates the MCL
specified by Section 611.609 for
that contaminant.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 14l.23(c)(8)
(199~3~j.
(Source:
Amended
at
19 Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
_____________________)
Section 611.605
Nitrite Monitoring
Each supplier shall monitor to determine compliance with the MCL for nitrite
in Section 611.301.
a)
All
suppliers shall take one sample at each sampling point during
the compliance period beginning January
1,
1993 and ending
December 31,
1995.
b)
This subsection corresponds with 40 CFR 14l.23(e)(2),
a provision
by which ~
refers to state requirements that do not exist
in Illinois.
This statement maintains structural consistency with
U.S. EPA rules.
C)
Repeat monitoring frequency.
1)
Quarterly monitoring.
A)
A supplier that has any one sample in which the
concentration
is equal to or greater than 50
percent
of the MCL shall initiate quarterly monitoring during
the next quarter.
B)
A supplier required to begin quarterly monitoring
pursuant to subsection (c)(1)(A)
shall continue on a
quarterly basis for
a minimum of one year following
any one sample exceeding the SO percent of the MCL,
-
after which the supplier may discontinue quarterly
monitoring pursuant to subsection
(c)(2).
2)
The
Agency
shall grant
a SEP pursuant to Section 611.110
112
that
allows
a
supplier
to
reduce
its
monitoring
frequency
to
annually
if
it determines that the sampling point
is
reliably and consistently below the MCL.
A)
A request
for
a SEP must include the following minimal
information:
the results from four quarterly samples.
B)
In issuing the SE?,
the Agency shall specify the
level
of the contaminant upon which the
“reliably and
consistently’s determination was based.
All SEPs that
allow less
frequent monitoring based on an Agency
“reliably and consitently” determination shall include
a condition requiring the
supplier to resume quarterly
monitoring
for nitrite pursuant
to subsection (c)(1)
if
it equals or exceeds
50 percent of the MCL
specified by Section 611.301 for nitrite.
d)
A supplier that
is monitoring annually shall take samples during
the quarter(s) which previously resulted in the highest analytical
result.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR
141.23(e)
(199~4).
(Source:
Amended
at
19
Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
_____________________
Section
611.606
Confirmation Samples
a)
Where the results of sampling for
antimony,
asbestos,
barium,
beryllium,
cadmium,
chromium,
cyanide,
fluoride,
mercury,
nickel
er—selenium,
or thallium indicate
a level in excess of the MCL,
the supplier shall collect one additional sample as soon as
possible after the supplier receives notification of the
analytical result
(but no later than two weeks after the initial
sample was taken)
at the
same sampling point.
b)
Where nitrate or nitrite sampling results indicate
level in excess
of the MCL, the supplier shall take a confirmation sample within
24 hours after the supplier’s receipt of notification of the
analytical
results of the first sample.
1)
Suppliers unable to comply with the 24—hour sampling
requirement must, based on the initial sample,
notify the
persons served
in accordance with Section 611.851.
2)
Suppliers exercising this option must take and analyze
a
confirmation sample within two weeks of notification of the
analytical results of the first
sample.
c)
Averaging rules are specified
in Section 611.609.
The Agency
shall delete the original or confirmation sample
if
it determines
that a sampling error occurred,
in which case the confirmation
sample will replace the original sample.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.23(f)
(1994~4).
(Source:
Amended
at 19
Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
_____________________
Section 611.609
Determining Compliance
Compliance with the MCLs of Sections 611.300 or 611.301
(as appropriate) must
be determined based on the analytical result(s) obtained at each sampling
point.
113
a)
For suppliers that monitor
at
a frequency greater than annual,
compliance with the MCLs
for antimony,
asbestos,
barium,
beryllium,
cadmium,
chromium,
cyanide,
fluoride,
mercury,
nickel,
selenium, an4~
thallium
is
determined
by
a
running
annual
average
at each sampling point.
1)
If the average at any sampling point is greater than the
MCL, then the supplier is out
of compliance.
2)
If any one sample would cause the annual average to be
exceeded,
then the supplier
is out of compliance
immediately.
3)
Any sample below the method detection limit must be
calculated at zero for the purpose of determining the annual
average.
BOARD NOTE:
The “method detection
limit” is different from
the “detection limit”,
as
set
forth
in Section
611.600.
The
“method detection limit”
is the level of contaminant that
can be determined by
a particular method with a
95 percent
degree of confidence,
as determined by the method outlined
in 40 CFR
136, appendix
8,
incorporated by reference at
Section 611.102.
b)
For suppliers that monitor annually or less frequently, compliance
with the MCLs for antimony,
asbestos,
barium,
beryllium,
cadmium,
chromium,
cyanide,
fluoride,
mercury,
nickel,
selenium, en4~
thallium
is determined by the level of the contaminant at any
sampling point.
If
a confirmation sample
is taken,
the
determination of compliance will be based on the average of the
two samples.
C)
Compliance with the MCLs
for nitrate and nitrite is determined
based on one sample if the levels of these contaminants are below
the MCLs.
If the levels of nitrate or nitrite exceed the MCLs
in
the initial
sample,
Section 611.606 requires confirmation
sampling,
and compliance
is determined based on the average of the
initial and confirmation samples.
d)
When the portion of the distribution system that is out of
compliance
is separable from other parts of
the distribution
system and has no interconnections, the supplier may give the
public notice required by Subpart T only to persons served by that
portion of the distribution system not
in compliance.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.23(i)
(l99~4).
(Source:
Amended at
19
Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
_____________________
Section 611.611
Inorganic Analysis
Analytical methods are from documents incorporated
by reference in Section
611.102.
These are mostly referenced by
a short name defined by Section
611.102(a).
Other abbreviations are defined in Section 611.101.
a)
Analysis for antimony,
aobcoto~s, beryllium,-
bar~im.
cadm..,.....,
chromium,
cyanide,- mercury,
nickel,
nitratc, ~
~
and thallium pursuant to Lootiono 611.600 through 611.604~j~
following contaminants must be conducted using the following
methods.
Criteria for analyzing arsenic, chromium,
copper,
lead,
nickel,
selenium,
sodium,
and thallium with digestion,
and other
114
analytical
procedures,
are contained
in
“Technical Notes on
Drinking Water Methods”,
available
from NTIS,
incorporated by
reference
in Section 611.102.
(This document also contains
approved analytical test methods that remain available for
compliance monitoring until July
1,
1996.
These methods will not
be available for use after July
1,
l996.jFor approved anal-yti-cal
teohniqueo
for metals and polonium,
the tcohniqu
applicable to
total ~otalo must be used.
For mothodo marked with an actoriok
(sfr),.
~
ow muot be used for
preservation, measurement
.....cscotion.
1)
Antimony:
A)
Atomic—abso~-p~
naca
~
ii
u~rt~
Inorganic netnooct
Metnoci ~
or
Standard
Hcthod
gv~um1~a~
r~tion,
uiacrorm
rurnaca
tnnL~c!u~*,
USE??
Environmenta’ Metals
z:cthoda:
~cthoa
~
G~)
Inductively-coupled plasma-Mass
spectrometry~.:
(3~.S~
EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method 200.8p
or.
~
Atomic absorption,
gacicous~hydridetechnique, using
the digeoti-on technique—oct
forth
in the method:
ASTM
Method D3697—&~-92.
QJ.
Atomic absorption,
platform furnace technique:
U.S.
EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method 200.9.
~j
Atomic absorption,
furnace technique:
Standard
Methods:
Method 3113
8.
Inductively-coupled Plasma:
Jj.
U.S. EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method
200.7,
or
jjj.
Standard Methods
(18th ed.~: Method 3113
B.
~j•
Inductively—coupled plasma—mass
spectrometry:
U.S.
EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method 200.8.
Q)..
Atomic
absorbtion,
platform furnace technique:
U.S.
EPA Environmental
Metals Methods:
Method 200.9.
~J.
Atomic Absorbt ion,
furnace technique:
fl
ASTM D2972—93
C,
or
jjj
Standard Methods:
Method 3113
3.
~J.
Atomic absorbtion,
hydride technique:
fl
ASTM D2972—93
B, or
jjj.
Standard Methods:
Method 3114
B.
~~ocppurc of ouboeeti:~ (f) bcl
of~turbidity,
and
3113;
2i.
Arsenic:
115
~3)
Asbestos:
Transmission electron microscopy:
U~.S~.EPA
Asbestos Methods—lOO..1 and
U.S.
EPA Asbestos Methods—100.2.
~4)
Barium:
azJ~-orntL~nf
rur~~
tcchnique-”:
4.)
UZEPA Inorganic nc-tnou~,
!wtnou ~
O~
Etandard Methodes
Method 3113B;
iitomiu
aDuorpt~.on, cu.reot ae
irutton
to-chniauo.
Inoraania Hothodo~
Method 208.1,
or
iL)
Ltandard Mothodot
Motnoci 4111D
-or
Q~)
Inductively-coupled plasma arc f-urnacc~:
i)
U.S.EPA Environmental Metals
Methods:
Method
200.7-r,
or
ii)
Standard Methods:
Method 312O~.~.
~j
Inductively—coupled plasma—mass spectrometry:
U.S.
EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method 200.8.
g.).
Atomic absorption,
direct aspiration technique:
Standard Methods:
Method
3111 D.
P1
Atomic absorption,
furnace technique:
Standard
Methods:
Method 3113
B.
4~)
Beryllium:
Atomic
absorDt
na-ce
ur~ri~u~-,
i)
UCEI’Z~
Inorganic Methods:
Mctnocz =.~u...,
.‘~STUMethod D364S—848, or
~~tana~ranctno-u~: Hctnou
~
Atomic absorption,
platform furnaoo
tcohniquo4i
u~.
Environmental Metale ~cthods:
Method 20O.~7
GA)
Inductively—coupled plasma arc
furnace4:
i)
17.5.
EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method
200.7,
or
ii)
Standard Methods:
Method 3l20.~p or
~)
Inductively—coupled plasma—Mass speCtrometry~:
~
EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method 200.8.
~J.
Atomic absorption, platform furnace technique:
U.S.
EPA Environmental
Metals Methods:
Method 200.9.
P1
Atomic absorption,
furnace technique:
j)..
ASTM Method D364S—93
3,
or
116
iiil
Standard Methods:
Method 3113
B.
~)
Cadmium:
tt-~—-
?~tomicabsorption,
rurnace
tccnniquc’e-
...norganic Hcthodot
Method 213.2,
or
ii)
Standard Methods:
flctho-d
31133;
or
~)
Inductively-coupled plasma arc furnace~: U~.S~.EPA
Environmental Metals Methods~,.: Method 200.7.
,~j
Inductively-coupled plasma—mass spectrometry:
U.S.
EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method
200.8,
~).
Atomic Absorbtion,
platform furnace technique:
U.S.
EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method 200.9.
P1
Atomic absorption,
furnace technique:
Standard
Methods:
Method 3113
3.
67)
Chromium:
A-)
Atomic abo-orption,
furnace technique~:
~
u~.t-~i
Inorganic Methods.
Method 218.2,
or
ii)
Standard
Methods,
Method
31133;
or
8~)
Inductively-coupled plasma arc
furnace.*.:
i)
U.S. EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method
200.7.r,
or
ii)
Standard Methods:
Method 3120~.
~J
Inductively—coupled plasma—mass spectrometry:
U.S.
EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method 200.8.
Qj.
Atomic absorbtion,
platform furnace technique:
U.S.
EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method 200.9.
P1
Atomic
absorption,
furnace
technique:
Standard
Methods:
Method 3113
8.
~)
Cyanide:
A)
Distillation
(Standard Methods:
Method 4500—Clfl,
followed by spectrophotometric,
amenable:
4.-)-
USEPA Inorganic Mothods.
Hot-hod
335.2,-
i4.)
ASTM Method D2036-&9-A91_B,
ii4)
Standard Methods:
Method 4500—CM
~
iv)
UCCC H~cnocw, Hetnod
I -~uuuS
B)
Mt#omatcd—dbistillatjon (Standard Methods:
Method
4500—CN,
followed by spectrophotometric,
manual:
117
Methodgi- ASTM Method 335.3D2036—
91 A,—e*
ii)
Standard Methods:
Method 4500—CM E~., or
j,yj
USGS Methods:
Method 1—3300—85.
C)
Distillation
(Standard Methods:
Method 4500—CNI,
followed by semiautomated spectrophotometricoclective
clcotrpde:
U.S. EPA Environmental Inorganic Methods:
Method 335.4.
i)
ASTM Method D2036
Z9A,
or
ii)
Standard Mcthod~
Method 4S00 CM
F;
or
D)
Di-otillation,
amenable,
spectrophotomctricSelective
electrode:
Standard Methods:
Method 4500—CW
F.
i)-
USEPA Inorganic Hothodcs
Method 335.1,
4i~
ACTh Method D2036-893,
or
Standard Methods,
Method 4500 CM
C.
P1
Fluoride:
~.
Ion Chromatography:
fl
U.S. EPA Environmental
Inorganic Methods:
Method 300.0,
£j).
ASTM Method D4327—91,
or
iii)
Standard Methods:
Method 4110
B.
~j.
Manual distillation,
colorimetric SPADNS:
Standard
Methods:
Method 4500-F B and D.
Qj.
Manual electrode:
fl
ASTM D1179—93B,
or
Li.).
Standard Methods:
Method 4500—F C.
P.).
Automated electrode:
Technicon Methods:
Method 380—
75WE.
~j..
Automated alizarin:
fl
Standard Methods:
Method 4500—F E,
or
JJ~J.
Technicon Methods:
Method
129—71W.
8~Q)
Mercury:
A)
Manual cold vapor technique,
using
the- digeotion
technique oct forth in the method:
i)
U.S.
EPA InorganicEnvironmental Metals Methods:
Method 245.1,
118
ii)
ASTM D3223-&6P1,
or
iii)
Standard Methods:
Method 3112_B;
or.
B)
Automated cold vapor technique, ucing the digestion
tcchniqu~s-ct forth
in the-method:
U.S. EPA Inorganic
Methods:
Method 245.2.
Qj~
inductively—coupled plasma—mass spectrometry:
U.S.
EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method 200.8.
~fl)
Nickel:
Atomi.c
absorption,
rurnace tccnni-~iuo~i-
USEPA Ir
a~.cMethods.
Method
ii”
Standard
Methods.
Method
31l3-~
Atomic absorption, platform furnace tcchnique~i UBE~
~v~ronmcntal
Metal-s Methods.
Method 200.9;
Atomic
absorption,
direct aspiration technique4.
i)
0C5P2\
Inorganic Methods:
Method 249.1,
or
-it’~
-Standard Methods.
Method 3111B
~A)
Inductively—coupled plasma*.:
i)
U.S. EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method
200.7,
or
ii)
Standard Methods:
Method 3120
Bi—o~.
EB)
Inductively-coupled
plasma—Mass
spectrometry~:
~
EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method 200,8.
ç~
Atomic absorption, platform furnace technique:
U.S.
EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method 200.9
p.1
Atomic absorption, direct aspiration technique:
Standard Methods:
Method 3111 B
~
Atomic absorption,
furnace technique:
Standard
Methods:
Method 3113 B
1~2.)
Nitrate:
7
i)
USE~PA
Inorganic Hothodot
Method
353.3~,-
ii)
ACTH D3-867 ~0-,or
iii)-
Standard Mothodni
Method -1500-N0,—&-
—I
119
norgan~u
t~tnuu~:
Method 353.2,
4L)
A~T~03867—90.
or
iii)
£~andardMethods:
Method 4500 N0,—Ff
D)
Ion selective cloetrode.
VTeWWC/5580- availabi
~
floccar~ or
~)
Ion chromatography:
i)
U.:.S.~.EPAIon ChromatographyEnvironmental
InorQanic Methods:
Method 300.0,—e*
Li.).
ASTM D4327—91,
iii~
Standard Methods:
Method 4500—NO1, or
i~)
B-lOll,
available from Millipore Corporation.
~J.
Automated cadmium reduction:
jj
U.S. EPA Environmental
Inorganic Methods:
Method 353.2,
JJJ.
ASTM 03867—90
8, or
iii)
Standard Methods:
Method 4S00—NO~F.~.
~j.
Ion selective electrode:
it
Standard Methods:
Method
4500—NO.1 D,
or
£jI
Technical Bulletin 601.
Q)~
Manual cadmium reduction:
.jj.
ASTM 03867—90
B,
or
iii~ Standard Methods:
Method 4500—NO,_~
14~) Nitrite:
A)
Epcotrophotomctrioi
~-i~
Inoraan~..u
ncinuuu
354.lf
Automated
cadmium
reduct..~..z
i-i
i~i~
Inorganic
zictnouCl
Method
353-.-2
ii~
ACTM~fl386-7
9fl.
or
~
~andard
~ui..hpdpt
Method 4500—
C)
Manual cadmium reduction:
—
1...
..A_L...3.
t,..s.L_S
~p.
.~
120
~A)
Ion chromatography:
i)
U.~.S.~_.EPA
Ion
ChromatographyEnvironmental
Inorganic Methods:
Method 300.D,—e~
£jJ,
ASTM 04327—91,
iii~ Standard Methods:
Method 4110 3,
or
i4~)
Method 8-1011,
available from Millipore
Corporation.
~J.
Automated cadmium reduction:
fl
U.S.
EPA Environmental
Inorganic Methods:
Method 353.2,
LL).
ASTM 03867-90
A,
or
iiiI
Standard Methods:
Method 4500—Np~_~
QI
Manual cadmium reduction:
~
ASTM 03867—90
B,
or
Lil
Standard
Methods:
Method
450O-N0~E.
P1
Spectrophotornetric:
Standard Methods:
Method 4500-
NO,
B.
12~) Selenium:
A)
Atomic absorption,
g-aoeous hydride,
using
the
digestion technique set forth
in the method:
i)
ASTM D3859-S-4~.~A,or
ii)
Standard
Methods:
Method
3114_B;
or.
~i.
Inductively—coupled plasma—mass spectrometry:
U.S.
EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method 200.8.
~J.
Atomic
absorbtion,
platform furnace technique:
U.S.
EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method 200.9.
~Q)
Atomic absorption, graphite furnace technique4, adding
2rnL-of 30
hydrogen pcronidc—(H~G~)and an appropriate
concentration of nickel nitrate hoxakydrato
(UiN02.—6~0) to
the-
sample-s
as
a
matri~c-modifier:
i-)-
UCEPA
Inorganic
Hethodo~:
Hcthoci
~‘u.-~.-
U)
ASTM D3859—9~8.2.~B,or
iii)
Standard Methods:
Method 3113_B.
1~)
Thallium:
A)
Atomic absorption,
furnace-technique,
using the
diceptign technisuc set
forth in the fnethod~I
‘J—~
~
~
‘~
121
d Mcthodo-
Method 3113;
B)
Atomio absorption platform fu~naootech
the digootion technique- cot forth in th
ut~L~A
1~nvLronmontai.
riciaiu
ne-~nous”:
~e~no-u
~uu.~
~
Inductively—coupled p1asma—M~assspectrometry:
~
EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method 200.8.
BOARD MOTE.
-Derived from 40 ~Ffl 141.23(k)(1) -(1~2
and 40 CFR
141.23- (k)(4),
as added
a~ 57
Fad.
Rag.
3lg3~g-4p (July
17, 19~2).
In promulgating
tho
~hace
V
rules,
TJ.C.
EPA ercatco
a new tabic of analytical
mcthod~at 40
cm
141.23(k) (4)
that -would
duplicate
the methods sot
f-orth at
40 CFR 141.23(k) (1) except
that U.S.E?A updated and revised several of the
methods.
The B~oardhac
comb-in-ed~the
two federal
tables, using the version
of
each
method
~sct
forth
in
the Phaoc V
rules- whore the methods oct forth
confliot.
Atomic absorption, platform furnace technique:
U.S.
EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method 200.9.
)~1).
Lead:
~J.
Atomic absorbtion,
furnace technique:
.U
ASTM 03559—90
D,
or
L~J.
Standard Methods:
Method
3113
8.
~j
Inductively—coupled plasma—mass spectrometry:
U.S.
EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method 200.8.
gj.
Atomic absorbtion, platform furnace technique:
U.S.
EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method 200.9.
fl)~
Copper:
~.
Atomic absorbtion, furnace technique:
~
ASTM 01688—90
C,
or
jj).
Standard Methods:
Method 3113
B.
~j.
Atomic abaorbtion, direct aspiration:
it
ASTM 01688—90
A,
or
jjJ
Standard Methods:
Method 3111
B.
Inductively-coupled plasma:
fl
U.S. EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method
200.7,
or
iLl
Standard Methods:
Method 3120
B.
P1
Inductively—coupled plasma—mass spectrometry:
U.S.
EPA Envirnmental Metals Methods:
Method 200.8.
122
~j.
Atomic
absorbtion,
platform
furnace technique:
U.S.
EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method 200.9.
~j
Electrometric:
LI
U.S. EPA Inorganic Methods:
Method 150.1,
jfl.
ASTM 01293—84,
or
iii)
Standard Methods:
Method 4500—H4
B.
~J.
U.S.
EPA Inorganic Methods:
Method 150.2.
~j
Conductivity:
Conductance:
~j.
ASTM 01125—91
A,
or
~
Standard Methods:
Method 2510
B.
2Q1
Calcium:
~j
EDTA titrimetric:
fl
ASTM 0511—93 A,
or
£11
Standard Methods:
Method 3500-Ca
0.
.~1
Atomic absorbtion,
direct aspiration:
Li.
ASTM
0511—93
B, or
jjj
Standard Methods:
Method 3111
B.
~
Inductively—coupled plasma:
it
U.S. EPA Environmental
Metals Methods:
Method
2~.7,
or
jjJ
Standard Methods:
Method 3120
B.
2JJ.
Alkalinity:
~j.
Titrimetric:
it
ASTM 01067-92
B,
or
jfl.
Standard Methods:
Method 2320
B.
~
Electrometric
titration:
USGS Methods:
Method I—
1~30—85.
221
Orthophosphate
(unfiltered, without digestion or
hydrolysis):
~j
Automated colorimetric,
ascorbic acid:
Li.
U.S. EPA Environmental
Inorganic Methods:
Method 365.1,
or
LiJ
Standard Methods:
Method 4500-P F.
123
~J.
Single reagent colorimetric, ascorbic
acid:
jj.
ASTM 0515-88 A, or
iLL
Standard Methods:
Method 4500—P B.
~J.
Colorimetric, polyphosphomolybdate:
USGS Methods:
Method 1—1601—85.
-
P1
Colorimetric, automated-segmented
flow:
USGS Methods:
Method
1—2601—90.
~J
Colorimetric, automated discete:
USGS Methods:
Method 102598—85.
fi
Ion Chromatography:
L~
U.S. EPA Environmental
Inorganic Methods:
Method 30O.O~
~W.
ASTM 04327—91,
or
iii)
Standard Methods:
Method 4110.
2.~i.
Silica:
~j
Colorimetric, molybdate blue:
USGS Methods:
Method
1—1700—85.
~1
Colorirnetric, automated—segmented
flow:
USGS Methods:
Method 1—2700—85.
QJ.
Colorimetric:
ASTM 0859—88.
P1
Molybdosilicate:
Standard Methods:
Method 4500—Si D.
~i.
Heteropoly blue:
Standard Methods:
Method 4500—Si B.
fi
Autometed method for molybdate—reactive silica:
-
Standard Methods:
Method 4500—Si
F.
QJ.
Inductively-coupled plasma:
L~
U.S. EPA Environmental Metals Methods:
Method
200.7, or
iLl
Standard Methods:
Method 3120
B.
liJ.
Temperature:
thermometric:
Standard Methods:
Method 2550
B.
Z~1
Sodium:
~
Inducively—coupled plasma:
U.S. EPA Environmental
Metals Methods:
Method 200.7.
~J.
Atomic absorbtion, direct aspiration:
Standard
Methods:
Method 3111
B.
Arocnw.
tellowing
2+
124
Atomic
absorption~, Iurnac
Methods:
Method 206.2r
—Atomic
aboorotion, aaoeou-
A)
UCEI’A Inorganic Met
B)
ASTM Q2972-888,
0)
Ctandard Methodse-
i)
Method 30Th
~—
t.
‘i—.
.~
1..
A
D
UCC-C
1—1062
85,-
3)
Epeotrophotornotri
—
rir~t1n~
r—...~...
d-iethyldithi
A
C)
Ctandard Hethods~ Method 3078;
or
4)
Inductively
coupi-od plasma arc furnace,
ICP Method 200.7,
as
supplemented by appendiu 200.7A.
BOAflD NOTE:
Derived
from
4-0
CFfl 141.23(k)(2)
(1992).
o)
Fluoride.
Analyses for fluoride must be conducted using one of
the- following methodat
1+
A)
UCEPA Inorganic Methods.
Method 340.1,
B1
ASTH 01179—72A.
or
to “4l3A ann
~
‘131\ and
A13C,
B)-
A~TM01179
72B,
or
C)
Ctandard Met-beds,
Ziothod 413Bp-
Automated Alisarin fluoride blue, with- distillation
3)
-(oomplexono)
p
A)
USEPA Inorgani-e Methods.
Method 340.3,
B)
Standard Methods.
Method 413E,
or
C)-
Technicon Methpdpt
Method
129 7lWj—or
C’)-
8ta~dard
Methodot
125
fl&X.W1~TLS
~
~
fl~
W~
~..
t.
ive-
~
~
~
. .—
.— S &‘.~~S
-
Method 380—7SWB--.
BOARD NOTE.
Derived from
40 CFR 141.23k)(3)
(1992)-.-
d~)
Sample collection for antimony,
asbestos,
barium, beryllium,
cadmium,
chromium,
cyanide,
fluoride,
mercury,
nickel, nitrate,
nitrite,
selenium,
and thallium pursuant to Sections 611.600
through
611.604 must be conducted using
the following sample
preservation,
container and maximum holding time procedures:
1)
Antimony:
A)
Preservative:
Concentrated nitric
acid to pH
less
than
2.
If nitric acid cannot be used because of
shipping restrictions,
the sample may initially be
preserved by icing and immediately shipping
it to
the
laboratory.
Upon receipt
in the laboratory,
the
sample must be acidified with concentrated nitric acid
to pH less than
2.
At the time of sample analysis,
the sample container must be thoroughly rinsed with
1:1 nitric acid;
washings must be added to the sample.
B)
Plastic or glass
(hard or soft).
C)
Holding time:
Samples must be analyzed
as soon after
collection as possible,
but
in any event within
6
months.
2)
Asbestos:
A
Preservative:
Cool to 4°C
B)
Plastic or glass
(hard or soft).
3)
Barium:
A)
Preservative:
Concentrated nitric acid to pH less
than
2.
If
nitric acid cannot be used because of
shipping restrictions,
the sample may initially be
preserved by icing and immediately shipping
it
to the
laboratory.
Upon receipt
in the
laboratory, the
sample must be acidified with concentrated nitric acid
to pH less than
2.
At the time of sample analysis,
the sample container must be thoroughly rinsed with
1:1 nitric acid; washings must be added to the sample.
B)
Plastic or glass (hard or soft).
C)
Holding time:
Samples must be analyzed as soon after
collection as possible,
but in any event within
6
months.
4)
Beryllium:
A)
Preservative:
Concentrated nitric acid to pH less
than
2.
If
nitric acid cannot be used because of
shipping restrictions,
the sample may initially be
preserved by icing and immediately shipping
it to the
laboratory.
Upon receipt
in the laboratory, the
sample must be acidified with concentrated nitric acid
to pH less than
2.
At the time of sample analysis,
126
the sample container must be thoroughly rinsed with
1:1 nitric
acid; washings must be added to the sample.
B)
Plastic or glass
(hard or soft).
C)
Holding time:
Samples must be analyzed
as soon after
collection as possible,
but
in any event within
6
months.
5)
Cadmium:
A)
Preservative:
Concentrated nitric acid to pH less
than
2.
If nitric acid cannot be used because of
shipping restrictions, the sample may initially be
preserved by icing and immediately shipping it to the
laboratory.
Upon receipt in the
laboratory,
the
sample must be acidified with concentrated nitric acid
to pH less than
2.
At the time of sample analysis,
the sample container must be thoroughly rinsed with
1:1 nitric acid; washings must be added to the sample.
B)
Plastic or glass
(hard or soft).
C)
Holding time:
Samples must be analyzed as soon after
collection
as possible,
but
in any event within
6
months.
6)
Chromium:
A)
Preservative:
Concentrated nitric acid to pH less
than
2.
If nitric acid cannot be used because of
shipping
restrictions,
the
sample may initially be
preserved by icing and immediately shipping it
to the
laboratory.
Upon receipt
in the laboratory,
the
sample must be acidified with concentrated nitric acid
to pH less than 2.
At the time of sample analysis,
the sample container must be thoroughly rinsed with
1:1 nitric acid;
washings must be added to the sample.
B)
Plastic or glass
(hard or soft).
C)
Holding time:
Samples must be analyzed as soon after
collection as possible,
but in any event within
6
months.
7)
Cyanide:
A)
Preservative:
Cool to 4°C. Add sodium hydroxide to
pH
12.
See the analytical methods
for information
on sample preservation.
B)
Plastic or glass
(hard or soft).
C)
Holding time:
Samples must be analyzed as soon after
collection as possible,
but in any event within
14
days.
8)
Fluoride:
-
A)
Preservative:
None.
B)
Plastic or glass
(hard or soft).
127
C)
Holding time:
Samples must be analyzed as soon after
collection
as possible,
but
in any event within
1
month.
9)
Mercury:
A)
Preservative:
Concentrated nitric acid to pH less
than
2.
If
nitric acid cannot be used because of
shipping
restrictions,
the sample may initially be
preserved by icing and immediately shipping it to the
laboratory.
Upon receipt
in the laboratory, the
sample must be acidified with concentrated nitric acid
to pH less than
2.
At the time of sample analysis,
the sample container must be thoroughly rinsed with
1:1 nitric acid; washings must be added to the sample.
B)
Plastic or glass
(hard or soft).
C)
Holding time:
Samples must be analyzed as soon after
collection as possible,
but
in any event within
28
days.
10)
Nickel:
A)
Preservative:
Concentrated nitric acid to pH less
than
2.
If nitric acid cannot be used because of
shipping restrictions,
the sample may initially be
preserved by icing and immediately shipping
it
to the
laboratory.
Upon receipt
in ~he laboratory,
the
sample must be acidified with concentrated nitric acid
to pH less than 2.
At the time of sample analysis,
the sample container must be thoroughly rinsed with
1:1 nitric acid; washings must be added to the sample.
B)
Plastic or glass
(hard or soft.
C)
Holding time:
Samples must be analyzed as soon after
collection as possible,
but
in any event within
6
months.
11)
Nitrate,
chlorinated:
A)
Preservative:
Cool to 4°C.
B)
Plastic or glass
(hard or
soft).
C)
Holding time:
Samples must be analyzed as soon after
collection as possible,
but
in
any event within 28
days.
12)
Nitrate,
non—chlorinated:
A)
Preservative:
Concentrated sulfuric acid to pH less
than
2.
B)
Plastic or glass
(hard or soft.
C)
Holding time:
Samples must be analyzed as
soon after
collection as possible,
but in any event within
14
days.
13)
Nitrite:
128
A)
Preservative:
Cool to 4°C.
B)
Plastic or glass
(hard or soft).
C)
Holding time:
Samples must be analyzed as soon after
collection as possible,
but
in any event within 48
hours.
14)
Selenium:
A)
Preservative:
Concentrated nitric acid to pH less
than 2.
If
nitric acid cannot be used because of
shipping restrictions,
the sample may initially be
preserved by icing and immediately shipping
it to the
laboratory.
Upon receipt
in the laboratory,
the
sample must be acidified with concentrated nitric acid
to pH less than
2.
At the time of sample analysis,
the sample container must
be thoroughly rinsed with
1:1 nitric acid; washings must be added to the sample.
B)
Plastic or glass
(hard or soft).
C)
Holding time:
Samples must be analyzed as soon after
collection as possible,
but
in any event within
6
months.
15)
Thallium:
A)
Preservative:
Concentrated nitric
acid to pH less
than
2.
If nitric acid cannot be used because of
shipping restrictions,
the sample may initially be
preserved by icing and immediately shipping
it to the
laboratory.
Upon receipt
in the laboratory,
the
sample must be acidified with concentrated nitric acid
to pH less than 2.
At the timeof sample analysis,
the sample container must be thoroughly rinsed with
1:1 nitric acid; washings must be added to the sample.
B)
Plastic or glass
(hard or soft).
C)
Holding time:
Samples must be analyzed as soon after
collection as possible,
but
in any event within
6
months.
BOAflD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.23(h)(4)
(1992)
as amended and renumbered to 40 CFR 141.23(k) (5)
at
57
i-eu.
Rccr.
e~)
Analyses under this Subpart must be conducted by laboratories that
received approval
from rJ.S~EPAor the Agency.
Laboratories may
conduct sample analyses
for antimony,
beryllium,
cyanide,
nickel,
and thallium under provisional
certification granted by the Agency
until January
1,
1996.
The Agency shall certify laboratories to
conduct analyses for antimony,
asbestos,
barium,
beryllium,
cadmium, chromium,
cyanide, fluoride,
mercury,
nickel, nitrate,
nitrite,
selenium,
and thallium if the laboratory:
1)..
Analyzes performance evaluation samples, provided by the
Agency pursuant
to 35 Ill.
Adm. Code 183.125(c),
that
include
those
substances at levels not
in excess of levels
expected
in drinking water;
and
129
2)
Achieves quantitative results on the analyses within the
following acceptance limits:
A)
Antimony: ±30
at greater than or equal. to 0.006
mg/L.
BOARD NOTE:
40 CFR 141.23(k)(~63) (1994),
as
renumbered
from paragraph ~k)(S) and amended at 40 CFR
31840
(July
17,
1992),
actually lists
“6130”
as the
acceptance limit
for antimony.
The Board corrected
this to
“±
30”
based on the discussion at 57 Fed.
Beg.
31801
(July
17,
1992).
B)
Asbestos:
2 standard deviations based on study
statistics.
C
Barium: ±15
at greater than or equal to 0.15 mg/I..
0)
Beryllium: ±15
at greater than or equal to 0.001
mg/I..
B)
Cadmium:
±
20
at greater than or equal
to 0.002
mg/L.
±15
at greater than or equal to 0.01
±
25
at greater
than or equal to 0.1 mg/i.
±
10
at
1 to
10 mg/L.
±30
at greater than or equal to 0.0005
±15
at greater than or equal to 0.01 mg/I..
±10
at greater than or equal to 0.4 mg/L.
±15
at greater than or equal to 0.4
mg/I..
±20
at greater than or equal to 0.01
N)
Thallium: ±30
at greater than or equal
to 0.002
mg
/
I..
BOARD NOTE:
OSubsection
(e)
is derived
from the table
40 CFR 141.23(k)(&2)
(1992~), as amended and
renumbered to 40 CFR 141.23(k) (6)
at 5~2.Fed.
Reg.
31840 4162466
(July l7Dec.
5, 199~), and the
discussion at
57 Fed. Beg.
31809
(July
17.
1992).
Section 611.609
is derived from 40 CFR 141.23(k)
(1994),
as amended at 59 Fed.
Beg.
62466 (Dec.
5,
1994).
1)
Bample preservation,
turbidity measurement,
And digestion.
For
all analytical methods marked-with an asterisk
()
in subsection
(a)
abovc,
t-ho
following must be donc~
as must be ~reoervod ~zithconcentrated nitric ~cid
F)
Chromium:
mg/L.
0)
Cyanide:
H)
Fluoride:
I)
Mercury:
mgi I..
Nickel:
K)
Nitrate:
I.)
Nitrite:
H)
Selenium:
mg/I..
~--
The sampi
2)-
130
1)
Turbidity must be -mo-asurod on—the preserved oampl
immediately
prl.or to analysis;
and
inc sample must so analysed
a-s Ioilowoi-
A)
Directly for total metals
if the turbidity
is
less
AXtCr
aigcs
as defincd
tion, uQ~ngtne totsi
in the appli.-cablc met
recoverasic
tccnniquc
hod,
if the turbidity
10
1 NTU or greater.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from
40 CFR 141.23(k)(4)-,-
footnote
6,
as added at
57 Fed.
fleg.
31340
(July
17,
-92).-
(Source:
Amended at 19
Ill. Reg.
________,
effective
_____________________
Section 611.612
Monitoring Requirements
for Old Inorganic MCLs
a)
Analyses for the purpose of determining compliance with the old
inorganic MCLs of Section 611.300 are required as follows:
1)
Analyses
for all CWSs utilizing surface water sources must
be repeated
at
yearly intervals.
2)
Analyses
for all CWSs utilizing only groundwater
sources
must be repeated
at three-year
intervals.
3)
This subsection corresponds with 40 CFR 141.23(1) (3)
(l99r3~),which requires monitoring
for the repealed old
MCI.
for nitrate at
a frequency specified by the state.
The
Board has followed the U.S. EPA
lead and repealed that old
MCI..
This statement maintains structural consistency with
U.S. EPA rules.
4)
This subsection corresponds with 40 CFR 141.23(1) (4)
(199~4),which authorizes the state to determine compliance
and
initiate enforcement action.
This authority exists
through the authorization of
the Act,
not through
federal
rules.
This statement maintains structural consistency with
U.S.
EPA rules.
b)
If the result of an analysis made under subsection
(a)
above
indicates that the level of any contaminant listed in Section
611.300 exceeds the old MCL,
the supplier shall report to the
Agency within
7 days and initiate three
additional
analyses
at
the
same
sampling
point
within
one
month.
When the average of four analyses made pursuant to subsection
(b)
above, rounded to the same number of significant figures as the
old HCL for the substance in question,
exceeds the old MCL, the
supplier shall notify the Agency and give notice to the public
pursuant to Subpart T of this Part.
Monitoring after public
notification must be at a frequency designated by the Agency by
a
SEP granted pursuant to Section 611.110 and must continue until
the old MCI. has
not been exceeded in two successive samples or
until
a different monitoring schedule becomes effective as a
condition to a variance,
an adjusted standard,
a site specific
rule,
an
enforcement
action,
or
another
SEP
granted
pursuant
to
Section
611.110.
131
This
subsection corresponds with 40 CFR 141.23(o)
(l99~), which
pertains to monitoring
for the repealed old
MCI. for nitrate.
The
Board has followed
the U.S. EPA action and repealed that old
MCI..
This
statement maintains structural
consistency with U.S.
EPA
rules.
e)
This subsection corresponds with 40 CFR 141.23(p)
(l99~), which
pertains to the use of existing data up until
a date
long since
expired.
The Board did not adopt the original provision in BBS-
26.
This statement maintains
structural consistency with U.S. EPA
rules.
f)
Analyses conducted to determine compliance with the old MCLs of
Section 611.300 must be made in accordance with the following
methods, incorporated by reference
in Section 611.102.
1)
Arsenic:
A)
Hetnos
u#.—oo~-’.,
or
B)
Ctandard Hctno~:
..,
or
ii)
Method
307fl;
UCCE Methods, Method I-lO6’~—~
-U.C.
EFA Inorganic Methods
i)
Method 206.2,
or
ii)
Method 206.3; or
~j)
Fluoride:
The methods specified in Section 611.611(c)
shall
apply for the purposes of this Section.
3)
Cyanide,
until
the cyaiu.uo
zn~J..
OL
~cutJ.Ofl
~..LJ..JUU
1.0
nO
lonoer effective:
Standard Methods,
Method 4600—CM
D,
B,-
F,
or C;
u.s.
i~ri~
inoraan~
~et
335-.~3or
ASTM
Mcthod~ D2036—89A
4~)
Iron:
A)
Standard Methods:—Mct
fl
Method 3111
8,
JJj.
Method 3113
B.
iii)
Method 3120
B.
132
B)
U.S. EPA InorganicEnvironmental Metals
Methods:
i)
Method 236.1200.7,
or
ii)
Method 236.2200.9.1 or
C)
ICP Method 200.7,
as-
upplemontod by appt~ndin200.7A-..-
5~)
Manganese:
A-)
2\~THt Method D858—84
BA)
Standard Methods:
Method
303A,-
fl
Method 3111
B,
J~fl
Method 3113
B,
or
iii)
Method 3120
B.
G~)
U.S.
EPA
InorganicEnvironmental
Metals
Methods:
i)
Method 243.1,
or200.7,
ii)
Method 243.2200.8,i- or
iii)
Method 200.9.
0)
IC-P Method
200.7,- as supplemented by cippcndbc
64)
Zinc:
A)
Standard Metnocs:
Method
3u~ii;
or
Jj~
Method 3111
8,
or
iLl
Method 3120
B.
B)
U.S. EPA ~norganicEnvironrnental Metals Methods:
i)
Method 289.1200.7,
or
ii)
Method 289.2200.8.
BOARD NOTE:
The provisions of subsections
(a)
through
(f)-~-~-above derive from 40 CFR
141.23(1) through
(qp)
(l99~3~),as amended
at
59
Fed.
Rep.
62466
(Dec.
5,
1994).
The Board has
deleted
several
analytical
methods codified by
U.S. EPA e~removedand reserved 40 CFR 141.23(g)
(formerly 40 CFR 141.23(f))
because the HCLo of
10
CFR
111.11
expired
for
those
contaminants
on
Ju~ly—30and November
30,
1992at 59
Fed.
Req.
62466
(Dec.
5,
1994).
Subsection
(f)(2)
above
relates to
a contaminant for which U.S. EPA
specifies
a
MCI., but for which it repealed the
analytical method.
Subsections (f)(4~)through
(f)(6~)above relate exclusively to additional
state
requirements.
The Board retained
subsections
(f)(l),
(f)(3),
and (f)(4) to set
forth methods
for the inorganic contaminants
for
which there is
a state—only
MCI..
The methods
133
specified
are those set forth in
40
CER
143.4(b),
as amended at
59 Fed.
Req. 62471
(Dec.
5,
1994),
for secondary MCLs.
The predecessor
to subsections
(a)
through
(e) above were
formerly codified
as
Section 611.601.
The
predecessor to subsection
(f)
above was formerly
codified as Section 611.606.
(Source:
Amended at
19
Ill.
Beg.
_______,
effective
_____________________
Section 611.630
Special Monitoring for Sodium
a)
CWS suppliers
shall collect
and analyze one sample per plant at
the entry point of the distribution system for the determination
of sodium concentration levels;
samples must be collected and
analyzed annually for CWSs utilizing surface water sources
in
whole or in part,
and at least every three years for CWSs
utilizing solely groundwater sources. The minimum number of
samples required to be taken by the supplier
is based on the
number of treatment plants used by the
supplier, except that
multiple wells drawing raw water
from a single aquifer may,
with
the Agency approval,
be considered one treatment plant
for
determining the minimum number of samples.
The Agency shall
require the supplier to collect
and
analyze water samples
for
sodium more frequently
in
locations where the sodium content
is
variable.
b)
The CWS supplier shall report
to the Agency the results of the
analyses
for sodium within the first
10
days of the month
following the month in which the sample results were received or
within the first
10 days following the end of the required
monitoring period as specified by SEP, whichever of these
is
first.
If more than annual sampling
is required the supplier shall
report the average sodium concentration within 10 days of the
month following the month in which the analytical results of the
last sample used for the annual average was received.
c)
The CWS supplier shall
notify the Agency and appropriate
local
public health officials of the sodium levels by written notice by
direct mail within three months.
A copy of each notice required to
be provided by this subsection must be sent to the Agency within
10 days of its issuance.
d)
Analyses
for sodium must be performed by the
following
methods,
incorporated by rcf~-~--~ Cection 611.l02tconducted as directed
in Section
611.611(a),
Stanuarci Methods, Methods
.~u anu
~uA,
tiamo—ph
method
r
A)
Method 273.1,
~.tomicAbsorption
—
Direct Aspiration;
e~
B)
Method
273.2,
Atomio
Absorption
—
Crap-hitc Furnace;
or
3)
ACTM Method D-1425
64.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR
141.41
(1992-4).
as
amended
at
59
Fed.
Req.
62470
(Dec. 5~ 1994).
134
(Source:
Amended at
19
Ill. Beg.
,
effective
______________________
SUBPART 0:
ORGANIC MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS
Section 611.641
Old MCLs
a)
An analysis of substances
for the purpose of determining
compliance with the old MCL5 of Section
611.310 must be made
as
follows:
1)
The Agency shall,
by SEP, require CWS
suppliers utilizing
surface water sources to collect samples during the period
of the year when contamination by pesticides
is most likely
to occur.
The Agency shall require the supplier to repeat
these analyses at least
annually.
80MW
NOTE:
This a~~~cs
also to additional Ctate
requirements.
2)
The Agency shall,
by SE?,
require CWS suppliers utilizing
only groundwater sources to collect samples at least once
every
three
years.
BOAflD NOTES
This applies also to addltLonal
Ctate
r~-~,l1
ircmcnto.
b)
If the result of
an analysis made pursuant to subsection
(a)
indicates that
the
level of any contaminant exceeds its old
MCI.,
the CWS supplier shall report
to the Agency within
7 days
and
initiate three additional analyses within one month.
c)
When the average of four analyses made pursuant
to subsection
(a),
rounded to the same number of significant figures
as the
MCI. for
the substance in question,
exceeds the old
4CL,
the CWS supplier
shall report to the Agency and give notice to the public pursuant
to Subpart T.
Monitoring after public notification must be at
a
frequency designated by the Agency and must continue until the
MCI.
has
not been exceeded in two successive samples or until
a
monitoring schedule as
a condition to
a variance,
adjusted
standard or enforcement action becomes effective.
Analysis
made to determine compliance with the old MCLs of Section
611.310 must be made in accordance with the appropriate methods
specified
in Section 611.648(1),
BOARD NOTE:
~This provision now applies only to state—only MCLs.
It was formerly derived from 40 CFR 141.24(a)
through (d~) ~1991)~
which U.S. EPA removed and reserved at
59
Fed.
Req.
34323
(July
1,
1994).
(Source:
Amended at
19 Ill.
Beg.
________,
effective
_____________________)
Section
611.645
Analytical Methods for Old MCisorqanic Chemical Contaminants
Analyoio made to determine compliance ~iiththe old MCLo
of Lection 611.310
mh1.~$.
i---
r~kI~
n
accordance with the approsriate methods
~.Fir~
4ri
r—~-F---~
611.648(l).Analysis for the Section 611.311(a) VOCs under Section
611.646,
the
Section_611.311(c) SOC5 under Section 611.648,
and the Section 611.310 old
organic MCLs under Section
611.641
shall be conducted using the methods listed
in thia Section or by equivalent methods
as approved by the Agency.
All
methods are from U.S. EPA Organic Methods unless otherwise indicated.
135
Volatile Organic Chemical Contaminants
(VOCs’g:
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chlorobenzene
1,2—Dichlorobenzene
1,
4—Dichlorobenzene
1,2—Dichloroethane
cis—Dichloroethylene
trang—Dichioroethylene
Dichloromethane
1,2—Dichloropropane
Ethylbenzene
Styrene
Tetrachloroethylene
1, 1,1—Trichloroethane
Trichloroethvlene
Toluene
1,2. 4—Trichlorobenzene
1. 1—Dichloroethylene
1, 1,2—Trichloroet bane
Vinyl chloride
Xylenes
(total)
Synthetic Organic Chemical Contaminants (SOCs):
2,3. 7,8—Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin
(2,3,7,8—TCDD
or dioxin1
2,4—D
2,4,5—TI’
(Silvex)
Alachlor
Atrazine
502.2,
524.2
502.2,
524.2,
551
502.2,
524.2
502.2,
524.2
502.2,
524.2
502.2,
524.2
502.2,
524.2
502.2,
524.2
502.2,
524.2
502.2,
524.2
502.2,
524.2
502.2,
524.2
502.2,
524.2.
551
502.2,
524.2,
551
502.2,
524.2,
551
502.2,
524.2
502.2,
524.2
502.2,
524.2
502.2,
524.2
502.2,
524.2
502.2,
524.2
Dioxin and Furan
Method 1613
515.1,
515.2,
555
515.1,
515.2,
555
505*,
507,
508.1,
525.2
505*, 50~, 508.1,
525.2
525.2,
550,
550.1
Benzo(a)twrene
136
Carbofuran
531.1,
Standard
Methods:
Method 6610
Chlordane
505,
508,
508.1,
525.2
Dalapon
515.1,
552.1
Di(2—ethylhexyl )adipate
506,
525.2
Di(2—ethylhexyl)phthalate
506,
525.2
Dibromochloropropane
(DBCP)
504.1,
551
Dinoseb
515.1,
515.2,
555
Diquat
549.1
Endothall
548.1
Endrin
505,
508,
508.1,
525.2
Ethylene Dibromide
(EDB)
504.1,
551
Glyphosate
547,
Standard
Methods:
Method 6651
Heptachlor
505,
508,
508.1,
525.2
Heptachlor Epoxide
505,
508,
508.1,
525.2
Hexachlorobenzene
505.
508,
508.1,
525.2
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
505,
508,
508.1,
-
525.2
Lindane
505,
508,
508.1,
525.2
Methoxychlor
505,
508,
508.1,
525.2
Oxamyl
531.1,
Standard
Methods:
Method 6610
PCBs
(measured
for compliance purposes as
508A
decchlorobiphenyl)
pCBs (qualitatively identified as Araclors)
505,
508
Pentachiorophenol
515.1,
515.2,
525.2,
555
Picloram
515.1,
515.2,
555
Simazine
505*,
507,
508.1,
525.2
137
Toxa~hene
505,
508,
525.2
Total Trihalomethanes
(TTHMs):
Total Trihalotnathanes
(TTHMs)
502.2,
524.2
State—Only MCLs
(for which a method
is not
listed above):
Aldrin
505,
508,
508.1,
525,2
505,
508
Dieldrin
505.
508,
508.1,
525.2
*
denotes
that
for
the
particular
contaminant,
a
nitrogen—phosphorus
detector
should be substituted for the electron capture detector
in method 505
(or
another approved method should be used)
to determine araclor, atrazine,
and
simazine
if
lower detection limits are required.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.24(e)
(19944)as added
at
59 Fed.
Req.
62469
(Dec.
5,
1994).
(Source:
Amended at 19
Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
______________________
Section 611.646
Phase
I,
Phase II,
and Phase V Volatile Organic Contaminants
Monitoring of the Phase
I,
Phase II,
and Phase V VOCs
for the purpose of
determining compliance with the MCL must be conducted as
follows:
a)
Definitions.
As used
in this Section:
“Detect” and “detection” means that the contaminant
of
interest
is present at
a level greater than or equal to the
“detection limit”.
“Detection limit” means 0.0005 mg/L.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR
l41.24(f)(7),
(f)(11),
(f)(14)(i), and
(f)(20)
(199~~-~).This
is
a “trigger level”
for Phase
I,
Phase
II,
and
Phase
V
VOCs
inasmuch as it
prompts further action.
The use of the term “detect”
in
this section
is not intended to include any analytical
capability of quantifying lower
levels of any contaminant,
or the “method detection limit”.
Note, however that certain
language at the end of federal paragraph (f)(20)
is capable
of meaning that the “method detection
limit”
is used to
derive the
“detection limit”.
The Board has chosen to
disregard that language at the end of paragraph (f)(20)
in
favor of the more direct language of paragraphs
(f)(7)
and
(1) (11).
“Method detection limit”,
as used in subsections
(q)
and
(t)
below means the minimum concentration of
a substance that
can be measured and reported with
99
percent
confidence
that
the analyte concentration
is greater than zero and
is
determined from analysis of
a sample in
a given matrix
containing the analyte.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from
40
CFR
136, Appendix
B (199~).
The method detection limit
is determined by the procedure
138
set forth in 40 CFR
136, Appendix
B.
See subsection
(t)
below.
b)
Required sampling.
Each supplier shall take
a minimum of one
sample at each sampling point
at the
times required
in subsection
(U)
below.
c)
Sampling points.
1)
Sampling points
for GWS5.
Unless otherwise provided by SEP,
a GWS supplier shall take at least one
sample from each of
the following points:
each entry point that is
representative of each well after treatment.
2)
Sampling points for SWSs and mixed systems.
Unless
otherwise provided by SEP,
a SWS or mixed system supplier
shall sample from each of the following points:
A)
Each entry point after treatment;
or
B)
Points in the distribution system that are
representative of each source.
3)
The supplier shall take each sample at
the same sampling
point unless the Agency has granted
a SEP that designates
another location as more representative of each source,
treatment plant,
or within the distribution system.
4)
If
a system draws water from more than one source,
and the
sources are combined before distribution,
the supplier shall
sample at
an entry point during periods of normal operating
conditions when water is representative
of all sources being
used.
BOARD NOTE:
Subsections
(b)
and
(C)
above derived from 40
CFR l41.24(f)(1) through
(f)(3)
(19934).
d)
Each CWS and NTNCWS supplier
shall take four consecutive quarterly
samples
for each of the Phase
I VOC5,
excluding vinyl chloride,
and Phase
II VOCs during each compliance period, beginning
in the
compliance period starting
in the initial compliance period.
e)
Reduction to annual monitoring
frequency.
If the initial
monitoring for the Phase
I,
Phase
II,
and Phase
‘1
VOCs as allowed
in subsection (r)(1) below has been completed by December
31,
1992,
and the supplier did not detect any of the Phase
I VOCs,
including vinyl chloride,
Phase II,
or Phase V VOCs,
then the
supplier shall take one sample annually beginning in the
initial
compliance period.
f)
GWS reduction to triennial monitoring
frequency.
After a minimum
of three years of annual
sampling,
GWS suppliers that have not
previously detected any of the Phase
I VOC5,
including
vinyl
chloride,
Phase II,
or
Phase
V
VOCs
shall take one sample during
each three—year compliance period.
g)
A CWS or NTNCWS
supplier
that has completed the initial round of
monitoring required by subsection
(d)
above and which did not
detect any of the Phase
I VOCS,
including vinyl chloride,
Phase
II,
and Phase V VOCs may apply to the Agency for
a SEP pursuant to
Section 611.110 that releases it from the requirements of
subsection
(e)
or
(f)
above.
A supplier that serves
fewer than
139
3300 service connections may apply to the Agency for
a SEP
pursuant to Section 611.110 that releases
it
from the requirements
of subsection
(d)
above as to 1,2,4—trichlorobenzene.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.24(f)(7)
and. (f)(10)
(199-34),
and the discussion
at
57
Fed.
Beg.
31825
(July
17,
1992).
Provisions concerning the term of the waiver appear below in
subsections
(i)
and
(j)
below.
The definition of
“detect”,
parenthetically added to the federal counterpart paragraph is
in
subsection
(a)
above.
h)
Vulnerability Assessment.
The Agency shall consider the
factors
of
Section
611.110(e)
in
granting
a SEP from the requirements of
subsections
(d),
(e),
or
(f)
above sought pursuant
to subsection
(g) above.
i)
A SEP issued to
a GWS pursuant to subsection
(g)
above
is for a
maximum of six years, except
that a SEP as to the subsection
(d)
above monitoring for l,2,4—trichlorobenzene shall apply only to
the initial round of monitoring.
As a condition of
a SE?, except
as to
a SEP from the initial round of subsection
(d)
above
monitoring for 1,2.4—trichlorobenzene,
the supplier shall,
within
30 months after the beginning of the period
for which the waiver
was issued,
reconfirm its vulnerability assessment required by
subsection
(h) above and
submitted pursuant to subsection
(g)
above,
by taking one sample at each sampling point
and reapplying
for a SEP pursuant to subsection
(g)
above.
Based on this
application, the Agency shall either:
1)
If
it determines that the PWS meets the standard of Section
611.610(e),
issue a SEP that reconfirms the prior SEP for
the remaining three-year compliance period of the six—year
maximum term; or,
2)
Issue a new SEP requiring the supplier to sample annually.
BOARD NOTE:
This provision does not
apply to SWS5 and mixed
systems.
j)
Special considerations
for SEPs for SWS and mixed systems.
1)
The
Agency
must determine that
a
SWS
is not vulnerable
before
issuing
a
SEP pursuant to a SWS supplier.
A SEP
issued to
a SWs or mixed
system supplier pursuant to
subsection
(g)
above
is
for a maximum of one compliance
period; and
2)
The Agency may require,
as
a condition to
a SEP
issued to a
SWS or mixed supplier,
that the supplier take such samples
for Phase
I,
Phase
II,
and Phase V VOCs at such
a frequency
as the Agency determines are necessary,
based on the
vulnerability assessment.
BOARD NOTE:
There
is
a great degree of similarity between
40 CFR 141.24(f) (7),
the provision applicable to GWSs, and
40 CFR 141.24(f) (10),
the provision for SWS8.
The Board has
consolidated the
common requirements of both paragraphs
into
subsection
(g)
above.
Subsection
(j)
above represents the
elements unique to SWSS and mixed systems,
and subsection
(i) above relates to GWSs.
Although
40 CFR 141.24(f)(7)
and
(f)(10) are silent
as to mixed systems, the Board has
included mixed systems with SWSs because this
best follows
140
the federal scheme for all
other contaminants.
k)
If one of the Phase
I VOCs,
excluding vinyl chloride,
Phase
II,
or
Phase V VOCs is detected in any sample,
then:
1)
The supplier shall monitor quarterly for that
contaminant
at
each sampling point
that resulted
in
a detection.
2)
Annual monitoring.
A)
The Agency shall grant
a SEP pursuant to Section
611.110 that allows
a supplier to reduce the
monitoring frequency to annual at
a sampling point
if
it determines that the sampling point ~isreliably and
consistently below the
MCI..
B)
A request
for
a SEP must include the following minimal
information:
i)
For a GWS,
two quarterly samples.
ii)
For a SWS or mixed system,
four quarterly
samples.
C)
In issuing a SEP.
the Agency
shall specify the level
of the contaminant upon which the “reliably and
consistently” determination was based.
All SEPs that
allow less frequent monitoring based on
an Agency
“reliably and consistently” determination shall
include
a condition requiring the supplier to resume
quarterly monitoring pursuant to subsection
(k)(l)
above
if
it violates the MCI. specified by Section
611.311.
3)
Suppliers that monitor annually shall monitor during the
quarter(s)
that previously yielded the highest analytical
result.
4)
Suppliers that do
not detect
a contaminant at
a sampling
point in three consecutive annual samples may apply to the
Agency for a SEP pursuant to Section 611.110 that allows
it
to discontinue monitoring for that contaminant
at that
point,
as
specified
in subsection
(g)
above.
5)
A GWS supplier that has detected one or more of the two—
carbon contaminants listed in subsection (k)(5)(A)
below
shall monitor quarterly
for vinyl chloride as described in
subsection
(k)(5)(B)
below,
subject to the limitation of
subsection
(k)(S)(C)
below.
A)
Two—carbon contaminants
(Phase
I or
II VOC):
l,2—Dichloroethane
(Phase
I)
l,l—Dichloroethylene
(Phase
I)
cis—1, 2—Dichloroethylene
(Phase
II)
trans—1,2—Dichloroethylene
(Phase
LI)
Tetrachloroethylene
(Phase
II)
l,l,1—Trichloroethylene
(Phase
I)
Trichioroethylene
(Phase
I)
B)
The supplier shall sample quarterly for vinyl chloride
at each sampling point at which
it detected one or
141
more of the two—carbon contaminants
listed in
subsection
(k)(5)(A)
above.
C)
The Agency shall grant
a SEP pursuant
to Section
611.110 that allows the supplier to reduce the
monitoring frequency
for vinyl chloride at any
sampling point to once
in each three—year compliance
period if
it determines that the supplier has not
detected
vinyl
chloride
in first sample required by
subsection (k)(5)(B)
above.
1)
Quarterly monitoring following
MCI. violations.
1)
Suppliers that violate an MCL for one of the Phase
I VOCs,
including vinyl
chloride,
Phase
II,
or Phase V VOCs,
as
determined by subsection
(0)
below,
shall monitor quarterly
for that contaminant,
at the sampling point where the
violation occurred, beginning the next quarter after the
violation.
2)
Annual monitoring.
A)
The Agency shall grant
a SEP pursuant
to Section
611.110 that allows
a supplier to reduce the
monitoring frequency to annually
if
it determines that
the sampling point is reliably and consistently below
the
MCI..
B)
A request for
a SEP must include the following minimal
information:
four quarterly samples.
C)
In issuing
a SEP, the Agency shall specify the level
of the contaminant upon which the “reliably and
consistently” determination was based.
All SEt’s
that
allow less frequent monitoring based on an Agency
“reliably and consistently” determination shall
include a condition requiring the supplier to resume
quarterly monitoring pursuant to subsection (l)(l)
above
if
it violates the MCI. specified by Section
611.311.
D)
The supplier shall monitor during the quarter(s) that
previously yielded the highest analytical result.
m)
Confirmation samples.
The Agency may issue a SEP pursuant to
Section 610.110 to require
a supplier to use a confirmation sample
for results that it finds dubious for whatever reason.
The Agency
must state its reasons for issuing the SEP
if the SEP
is Agency—
initiated.
1)
If
a supplier detects any of the Phase
I, Phase
II,
or Phase
V VOCs in a sample, the supplier shall take
a confirmation
sample as soon
as possible,
but no later than
14
days after
the
supplier
receives
notice
of the detection.
2)
Averaging
is as specified in subsection
(0)
below.
3)
The Agency shall delete the original or confirmation sample
if
it
determines
that
a
sampling
error
occurred,
in
which
case the confirmation sample will replace the original or
confirmation
sample.
142
n)
This subsection corresponds with
40 CFR 141.24(f)(l4),
an optional
U.S.
EPA provision relating to compositing of samples that U~S~
EPA does not require for
state programs.
This statement maintains
structural consistency with U~S~EPArules.
o)
Compliance with the MCLs
for the Phase
I,
Phase
II,
and Phase V
VOCs must be determined based on the analytical results obtained
at each sampling point.
1)
For suppliers that conduct monitoring at
a frequency greater
than annual, compliance is determined by
a running annual
average of all samples taken at each sampling point.
A)
If the annual
average of
any sampling point
is greater
than the MCL, then the supplier
is out of compliance.
B)
If the initial sample or
a subsequent
sample would
cause the annual average to exceed the
MCI., then the
supplier
is out of compliance immediately.
C)
Any samples below the detection
limit
shall
be deemed
as zero for purposes
of determining
the annual
average.
2)
If monitoring
is
conducted annually,
or less frequently,
the
supplier
is out
of
compliance
if the level
of
a contaminant
at
any
sampling point
is
greater than the MCL.
If
a
confirmation sample
is taken, the determination of
compliance
is based on the average of two
samples.
3)
when the portion of the distribution system that
is
out of
compliance
is separable from other parts of the distribution
system and has no interconnections,
the supplier may issue
the public notice required by Subpart
T of this Part only to
persons served by that portion of the distribution system
that is not
in compliance.
p)
Z~.na1yscsfor the Ph
eT.
Phaoc
II,
and Phaoc VVOC~—
COnQuotca
~
......
-.
~
...~
motflocrn.
Tfl050
oontainad—-~thUSEPA Organic Hethodo, incorporated by roforonco in
&cction 61l.102:This provision corresponds with 40 CFR
141.24(f)(l6)
(1994), which U.S.
EPA removed and reserved at
59
Fed. Req.
62468
(Dec.
5,
1994).
This statement maintains
structural
consistency with the
federal regulations.
1)
rlotho.d 502.1*
“Volatile Halogenated Organic Chemicals
in
Water by Purge and Trap Cao Chromatography”.
2)
1~cthod502.2:
“Volatile Organic Compounds
in Water by Purge
and Trap Capillary Column Cas Chromatography wi~b-h
~he-toionisation and Elcctr-olytic Conductivity Detcotors in
6cric-&~-.-
3)
~othod
503.1:
“Volatile Aromatic
and Unsaturated Organic
Compounds
in—Water
by Purge and Trap Cas Chromatography”.
4)
Method
524.1:
“Zlcasurernent
of
Purgoablo
Organic
Compounds
in Water by Purged Column Cas
Chromatography/flasa
Spcatromctry”.
5)
?fothod
~24.2:
“Measurement
of
Purgoablo
Organic
Compounds
in Water by Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/Mass
143
&pcetromctry”
*
q)
Analysis under this Section must only be conducted by laboratories
that have received approvalcertification by U~.S.~.EPAor the Agency
according to the following conditions:
1)
To receive conditional approvalcertification to conduct
analyses for the Phase
I VOCs, excluding vinyl chloride,
Phase
II VOCS,
and Phase
V VOCs,
the laboratory must:
A)
Analyze performance evaluation samples that
include
these substances provided by the Agency pursuant to 35
Ill.
Adxn.
Code 183.125(c);
B)
Achieve the quantitative acceptance limits
under
subsections
(q)(1)(C) and
(g)(1)(D) below for at
least
80 percent of the Phase
I VOCs, excluding vinyl
chloride,
Phase
II VOCs,
except vinyl
chloride,
or
Phase V VOCS;
C)
Achieve quantitative results on the analyses performed
under subsection
(q)(1)(A)
above that are within ±20
percent of the actual amount of the substances
in the
performance evaluation sample when the actual amount
is greater than or equal
to 0.010 mg/I.;
D)
Achieve quantitative results on the analyses performed
under subsection (q)(l)(A)
above that are within ±40
percent of the actual amount of the substances
in the
performance evaluation sample when the actual amount
is less than 0.010 mg/I.; and
E)
Achieve
a method detection limit of 0.0005
mg/I.,
according to the procedures in 40 CFR
136,
appendix
B,
incorporated by reference in Section
611.102.
2)
To receive conditional approvalcertification to conduct
analyses for vinyl chloride the laboratory must:
A)
Analyze performance evaluation samples provided by the
Agency pursuant to 35 Ill.
Adm. Code
183.125(c);
B)
Achieve quantitative results on the analyses performed
under subsection (q)(2)(A)
above that are within ±40
percent of the actual amount of vinyl chloride in the
performance evaluation sample;
C)
Achieve
a method detection limit of 0.0005 mg/I.,
according to the procedures in 40 CFR 136, appendix
B,
incorporated
by
reference
in
Section
611.102;
and
0)
Obtain certification pursuant
to subsection
(q)(l)
above for Phase
I VOCs,
excluding vinyl
chloride,
Phase
II VOCs,
and Phase V VOCs.
r)
Use of existing data.
1)
The Agency shall allow the use of data collected after
January
1,
1988 but prior to the effective date of this
Section, pursuant to Agency sample request
letters,
if it
determines that the data are generally consistent with the
requirements of this Section.
144
2)
The Agency shall grant
a SEP pursuant to Section 611.110
that allows a supplier to monitor annually beginning
in the
initial compliance period
if
it determines that
the supplier
did
not detect any Phase
I,
Phase
II, or Phase
V VOC using
existing data allowed pursuant to subsection
(r)(1)
above.
8)
The Agency Bhall, by SE?, increase the number of sampling points
or the frequency of monitoring if
it determines that
it
is
necessary to detect variations within the PWS.
t)
Each laboratory approve4c~ertifiedfor the analysis of Phase
I,
Phase II,
or Phase V VOCs pursuant to subsection
Cq)(1)
or
(q)(2)
above shall:
1)
Determine the method detection limit
(MDL),
as defined
in 40
CFR
136, Appendix
B,
incorporated by reference
in Section
611.102,
at which
it
is capable of detecting the Phase
I,
Phase
II,
and Phase V VOC5;
and,
2)
Achieve an MDL for each Phase
I,
Phase
II,
and Phase V VOC
that
is
less than or equal to 0.0005
mg/I..
U)
Each supplier shall monitor,
within each compliance period,
at the
time designated by the Agency by SEP pursuant
to Section 611.110.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.24(f)
(l99~4).
(Source:
Amended
at
19
Ill.
Beg.
________,
effective
_________
Section 611.647
Sampling for Phase
I Volatile Organic Contaminants
IRepealed)
For oyebcmo
in operation
be-for-s
monitoring~analysis of
Phase-
I
‘.,
1993,
for—purpoocs of
initici1
purposes of determining compli
a)
CWC
suppliers shall sample at entry points—representative of each
well after treatment.
Sampling must
be- conducted at the same
loeati-on~o)-or more representative looation(o)
every three months
f-or--one year except as provided
in subsection
(h) (1) below.
b-)
CWC
and mixed -system suppliers using surface sources
shall sample
at poi-nto
in the distribution system representative of-each source
or at
entry points to the distribution cyctom after
any
appl-ieation
of treatment.
CWCs and mixed system suppliers aba-Il
sample-
each sour-cc every three- months o~c-cpt zio provided
in
eubsootion
(h)-(2) be1o~.- Sampling must be conducted at the
s-ama
location or
a more representative location each quarter-.-
e)
If the system draws water
from more
than-one
source
and
sources
are
combined
before
distribution,
the
supplier
shall
sample
cit an
entry point to-the distribution system during pens-do of normal
riPinn
conditions-
—r
~s~__.
£...
—___~
shall analyse all distributia
appropriate-, representing all
ing more tha~
entry point
3, 3~O
-
-r
analyce
.cquir~
•7n
fh
-J
-
145
paragraph, reprcoenting~
~ii
source waters beginning no later
a)
If the results exceed the MGI.,
the CUE or NTNCUS supplier shall
i~nitiotathree- additional analyses
cit
the same sampling point
within one month.
The sample results must be averaged with the
first sampling result and uaod for aompl~anoe-dotcrminatLonin
pocor-danoc with oubocotion
(i)
below.
The Agency shall delete
results of obvious-sampling errors from thia -calculation.
f)
Analycie for vinyl chloride
to required only
for
CWEo that have
detected one
or
more-of
the
following
two
carbon
organic
eoffipoundo
Triehloroothylane,
tetrachloroothylone,
1,2—
dichl-oroethane,
1,1,1
trichioroethane,
cia 1,2
diahlorocthylene-1
t~r~ano-1,2—dich1orocthylonoor 1,1—diohloroothylanc.
The analysis
(or vinyl chloride- is required at each distribution or entry point
at which one- or more of the two carbon organic compounds were
found.
If the first analysis
do-es not detect vinyl chlonidc,—the
Agency shall reduce the frequency of vinyl chloride monitoring to
enco every three years
for that sample location or other sample
locations that arc more representative of the same source.
g)
The Agency or suppliers may composite -up--to five o-amplco
from—e-ne
or more suppliers.
Compositing of samples
is
to be done
in the
laboratory by the procedures listed bclo~. Samples must be
analyzed—within
fourteen-days of collection.
If any of the Phase
I VOCo- is detested in the original composite sample,
a samplo from
each source that made up the composite- sample must
b-c reanalye-cd
individually within fourteen days from sampling.
The sample
f-or
reanalysis cannot
b-c the original sample but -can be
a duplicate
sample.
If duplicates of the original samples arc not avaiLable,
now samples must be taken from each spurge used
in the original
composite and analyzed for the Phase
I VOCs.
fleanalycin must—be
accomplished within fourteen days of the-second sample.
To
compocito samples, the following procedure must be
foll-owedi
1)
Compositing samples prior to CC analysis-.
A)
Add
5 ml or equal
larger
amounts
of
each
sample
(up-to
5 samples are allowed)
to
ci
25 ml glass
syringe-.
Special
precautions
must
be
made
to
maintain
zero
hoadopace in the
syringe.-
B)
The samples must be -cooled at
40
c
during this step to
minimize volatilization
loQ3c-s.
C)
Mix well and drai~out
ci
5-mi auiquot
for analysis,
D)
Follow sample introduction,
purgin-g and dcaorption
steps -described
in the methoth
B)
If loss than five samples arc used for
oompooiting,- a
proportionately smaller—syringe may be u~cd-s
a)
Compootting samples prier to CC/ME analysis.
A)
Inject
5 ml or equal larger amounts of each-aqueous
sample (up to
S samples arc allowed)
into a—25 ml
purging device using the sample introduction technique
described
in the
methed-.-
B)
The total volume of the sample in the purging device
—A-
~
—It
_1
146
~cscribcd in the method~
...L.i-1.
Ar-
f whi~
dthi.
i)
Compliance with Section ~11.31l(a)
is determined based on the
r-e-oulto
of
running
annual
average
of
quarterly
sampling
for
cash
sampling
location.
If
one
location’s
average
is
greater
than
the
MCI., than
the
OWE
or
MTNCW&
is
deemed
to
b-c
out
of compliance.
If
a-CWE or 1~1TNCWShas
a
distribution
system
separable
from
other
parts of the distribution system with
no
interconnections,
only
that part of the system that exceeds any MCL as specified
in
Section 611.311(a)
is deemed out of compliance.
The Agency
shall,
by EEF, reduce the public notice requirement to that portion
o-f-
the CUE that
is out
of compliance.
If
any
one- sample
result would
cause the annual average to be exceeded,
then the CWC
is deemed to
be- out of compliancc—immcdiatcly.
For CUC suppliers—t-hat only
take one sample per location because none of the Phase
I VOCo wore
dr~r!$r~d-
compliance
is
based on that one sample-
j)
Analy3is under
thictcd using the following
--
(JEEPA Organi
~
~ii
ir~
1)
Method 502.1.
2)
~1ctho-d503.1-.
3)
4)
c~
Method
Hethod
t~h~d
524.1.
524.2.
SO7.~..
-
VOCs,
st only be conducted by
1
~prov~l
by the ~
._—4
duct .a-1y~- for t~
—i-ny-1
~‘-idc,
lcibor-ot..~1-shall
A~
Analyse performance evaluation samples that include
these
substances
provided
by
the
Agency
pursuant
to
3-5
Ill. Adm. Code 183.l25(c)~3).
B)
Achieve the quantitative acceptance
limits under
subsection
(k)(1)(C)
or
(k)(l)(D) below for at
least
cix of the Phase
I VOCo,
except
vinyl chloride-.
C)
Achieve quantitative results on the analyses performed
under subsection (h)(l)~A) above that arc within
±20
percent of the actual amount of the substances in the
performance evaluation sample ~whon the actual amount
is greater than or equal to 0.010 ntg/L.
D)
Achieve quantitative results on the analyses performed
UCEPA
rul-e-o.
h)
Thin
~itih
ri-inn
e~ffcctivenL~u
r-nrr
r-tnnl’
-
--
u,.
ç~j~
~
rn~
January
1,
1993.
-Although UCEPA
not ranoalo
-
proviuwzi,
the Board has done so to avoi~
u-unfupi-on.
~
~i~t~emcntmaintains structural integrity with
k)
Analysis under thi~
that hav&~
rcc
~CD~1Dfl
~11.
~c~cor
icu Con
Cectip
diti~
1)
To
~nal
fl
b.
-
..
-‘
~dit~r~’1
~
nfl
rn
mo
rohlrnJlng
aonuLr~r~nnI
except
--
nursuant
to
ion limit of 0.0005 mg/I
urea in 40 CFR
136,- App.
——-
~
—
•-
—J
‘~k’t’~~
by the Agency for the ana-ly
laboratory
phalli
—--a
A)
Analyse
performance
evaluation
aamplec provided by the
Agency.
(Ccc 35
Ill. Mm.
Code
l83.125(o)-(3-)-,)-
B)
Achieve quantitative results on the analyses- performed
under subsection
(k)(2)(A)
above that are within
1
40
percent of the actual amount of vinyl chloride in
the
ocrformancc
evaluation samolc
n)
Each approved laboratory shall detorminc the method detection
limit
(~1DL), as defined in 40
CPu
136, App.
B,
incorporated by
reference
in Section 611.102,
at which it
is capable of detecting
o~inhnf
thn- Ph~nn
I
~7CCn.
Thc~
acceptable
)4flT~
it-i
OflOO~
mnJL..
Ic),
(f),
(g)
and
(h)
above
(Source:
Repealed at
19
Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
—-C
Section 611.648
Phase
II,
Phase IIB, and Phase V Synthetic Organic
Contaminants
Analysis of the Phase II,
Phase 118,
and Phase V SOCs for the purposes of
determining compliance with the MCI. must be conducted as follows:
a)
Definitions.
As used in this Section:
-
“Detect or detection’
means that the contaminant of interest
is present at
a level greater than or equal to the
“detection limit”.
147
~rC
~
“.01-0 ~
under subsection
(k)(l)(A)
above that arc within ±40
percent of the actual amount of the substances
in the
Darform~noeevaluation sample when the actual amount
C-
--
a
-s
in
40 CPa
136,
App.-B,
cd by reference in Section 611.102.
ly appr
i——,
I~f
j
_____s
———1
A———-—
ml.~
~
with
40 CFR 141.24(g) (14),
an optioncil
c
-r
-
.1
ml.
‘~,
i————,
148
“Detection limit” means the level of the contaminant
of
interest that
is specified in subsection
(r)
below.
BOARD NOTE:
This
is
a ‘~triggerlevel” for Phase
II,
Phase
118, and Phase V SOCs inasmuch
as
it prompts
further action.
The use of the term “detect’
or “detection’
in this section
is
not intended to include any analytical capability of
quantifying lower levels of any contaminant,
or the
~‘method
detection limit”.
b)
Required sampling.
Each supplier shall take a minimum of one
sample at
each sampling point
at the times required
in subsection
(q)
below.
BOARD NOTE:
U..S~EPAstayed the effective date of the MCLs for
aldicarb,
aldicarb sulfone,
and aldicarb sulfoxide at
57 Fed.
Reg.
22178
(May 27,
1991).
Section 611.311(c)
includes this stay.
However,
despite the stay of the effectiveness
of the MOLe
for
these three SOCs,
suppliers must monitor
for them.
c)
Sampling points.
1)
sampling points
for GWSs.
Unless
otherwise provided by SEPI
a GWS
supplier shall take at
least one sample from each of
the following
points:
each entry point that
is
representative of each well after
treatment.
2)
Sampling points for SWS5 and mixed systems.
Unless
otherwise provided by
SEP,
a SWS or mixed system
supplier
shall
sample from each of the
following points:
A)
Each entry point
after treatment;
or
B)
Points in the distribution system that are
representative of each source.
3)
The supplier shall take each sample
at
the same sampling
point unless the Agency has granted a SEP that designates
another- location as more representative of each source,
treatment plant,
or within the distribution system.
4)
If
a
system draws water from more than one source, and the
sources are combined before distribution,
the supplier shall
sample
at
an
entry
point
during
periods of normal operating
conditions when water
is representative
of all sources being
used.
BOARD NOTE:
Subsections
(b)
and
(C)
above derived from 40
CFR 141.24(h)(1)
through
(h)(3)
(199~3j).
d)
Monitoring frequency:
1)
Each CWS and NTNCWS supplier
shall take four consecutive
quarterly samples for each of the Phase
II,
Phase
118, and
Phase V SOCs during each compliance period, beginning in the
three—year compliance period starting in the initial
compliance period.
2)
Suppliers serving more than 3,300 persons that do not detect
a contaminant in the initial compliance period,
shall take
a
minimum of two quarterly samples in one year of each
subsequent three—year compliance period.
149
3)
Suppliers
serving less than or equal to 3,300 persons
that
do not detect
a contaminant
in the
initial compliance
period,
shall take a minimum of
one sample during each
subsequent three—year
compliance period.
e)
Reduction to annual monitoring frequency.
A CWS or NTNCWS
supplier may apply to the Agency for a SEP that releases
it
from
the requirements of subsection
(d)
above.
A SEP from the
requirement
of subsection
(d)
above shall
last
for only
a single
three—year compliance period.
f)
Vulnerability Assessment.
The Agency shall grant
a SEP from the
requirements of subsection
(ci)
above based on consideration of the
factors set forth at Section
611.110(e).
g)
If one of the Phase
II,
Phase
IIB,
or Phase V SOCs
is detected in
any sample,
then:
1)
The supplier shall monitor quarterly for the contaminant at
each sampling point that resulted
in
a detection.
2)
Annual monitoring.
A)
A supplier may request that the Agency grant
a SEP
pursuant to Section 610.110 that reduces the
monitoring frequency
to annual.
B)
A request
for
a SEP must
include the following minimal
information:
i)
For a GWS,
two quarterly samples.
ii)
For a SWS or mixed
system,
four quarterly
samples.
C)
The Agency shall grant
a SEP that allows annual
monitoring at
a sampling point
if
it determines that
the sampling point
is reliably and consistently below
the
MCI..
D)
In
issuing the SEP, the Agency shall specify the level
of the contaminant upon which the “reliably and
consistently” determination was based
All SEPs that
allow less frequent monitoring based on an Agency
“reliably and consistently”
determination shall
include
a condition requiring the supplier to resume
quarterly monitoring pursuant to subsection
(g)(1)
above
if
it detects any Phase II SOC.
3)
Suppliers that monitor annually
shall monitor during the
quarter(s)
that previously yielded the highest analytical
result.
4)
Suppliers that have three consecutive annual samples with no
detection of a contaminant at a
sampling
point
may
apply
to
the Agency for
a SEP with respect to that point,
as
specified in subsections
(9)
and
(f)
above.
5)
Monitoring for related contaminants.
A)
If monitoring results
in detection of one or more of
the related contaminants
listed in subsection
150
(g)(5)(B)
below,
subsequent monitoring shall analyze
for
all the related compounds in the respective group.
B)
Related contaminants:
i)
first group:
aldicarb
aldicarb sulfone
aldicarb sulfoxide
ii)
second group:
heptachlor
heptachlor epoxide,
h)
Quarterly monitoring following MCI. violations.
1)
Suppliers that violate an MCL
for one of the Phase
11,
Phase
113, or Phase V SOCs,
as determined by subsection
(k)
below,
shall monitor quarterly
for that contaminant
at the sampling
point where
the violation occurred,
beginning the next
quarter after the violation.
2)
Annual monitoring.
A)
A supplier may request that the Agency grant
a SEP
pursuant to Section 611.110 that reduces the
monitoring frequency to annual.
-
B)
A request
for
a SEP must include,
at
a minimum, the
results
from four quarterly samples.
C)
The Agency shall grant
a SEP that allows annual
monitoring at
a sampling point
if
it determines that
the sampling point
is reliably and consistently below
the MCL.
D)
In issuing the SEP,
the Agency shall specify the
level
of the contaminant upon which the “reliably and
consistently” determination was based
All SEP5 that
allow less
frequent monitoring based on an Agency
“reliably and consistently” determination shall
include
a condition requiring the supplier to resume
quarterly monitoring
pursuant
to
subsection
(h)(1)
above
if
it
detects
any
Phase
II
SOC.
E)
The supplier shall monitor during the quarter(s)
that
previously yielded the highest analytical result.
i)
Confirmation samples.
1)
If any of the Phase
II,
Phase IIB,
or Phase V SOCs are
detected in
a sample, the supplier shall take a confirmation
Bample as soon as possible,
but no later than 14 days after
the
supplier receives notice of the detection.
2)
Averaging
is
as
specified in subsection
(k)
below.
3)
The Agency
shall delete the original or confirmation sample
if
it determines that
a sampling error occurred,
in which
case the confirmation sample will replace the original or
151
confirmation sample.
j)
This subsection corresponds with 40 CFR 141.24(h)(10),
an optional
U~S~.EPAprovision relating to compositing
of
samples that ~
EPA does not require for state programs.
This statement maintains
structural consistency with U~S~.EPArules.
k)
Compliance with the MCLs
for the Phase II, Phase
IIB,
and Phase V
SOCs shall be determined based on the analytical results obtained
at each sampling point.
1)
For suppliers that
are conducting monitoring at
a frequency
greater than annual, compliance is determined by a running
annual
average of all samples taken at each sampling point.
A)
If the annual average of any sampling point is greater
than the
MCI.,
then the supplier
is out of compliance.
B)
If the initial sample or
a subsequent sample would
cause the annual
average to be exceeded,
then the
supplier
is out of compliance immediately.
C)
Any samples below the detection limit must be
calculated as zero for purposes of determining the
annual
average.
2)
If monitoring
is conducted annually or
less
frequently,
the
supplier
is out of compliance
if the
level of
a contaminant
at any sampling point
is greater than the
MCI..
If
a
confirmation sample
is taken,
the determination
of
compliance
is based on the average of two samples.
3)
When the portion of the distribution system that
is out of
compliance is separable
from other parts of the distribution
system and has no interconnections, the supplier may
issue
the public notice required by Subpart T of this Part only to
persons served by that portion of the distribution system
that
is not in compliance.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR
141.24(h)(1l)
(199~4).
1)
Analysis for Phase
II,
Phase
115, and Phase V
COCs must be
conducted using the
following methods.
These- methods, oMocpt for
USEPA
Dioi-tin and Furan Method 1613,
arc contained
in UCEP2\ Organic
Hethodo.
All methods arc incorporated
by reference
in Ceetion
611.102.Thjs provision corresponds with 40 CFR 14l.24(h)(12)
(1994), which U.S.
EPA removed and reserved at
59 Fed.
Req. 62468
Wee.
5.
1994).
This statement maintains structural consistency
with the federal regulations.
1~
Method 504t
“l,2-Dibromoothano
(5DB)
and 1,2 Dibr-omo--
3—ahioropropane (DECP
in Water by Hioroontraction and Cao
Chromatography”.
Method 504 can be used to measure
1,2 Dibromo 3 chloropropano
(dibromschloroprepane—or ODOP)
and 1,2-Dibromoethano (ethylene dibromido or 5DB)-.
2)
Mothod SOSi
“Analysis
-of Organohalide Poslicidee an4
-
Oomxno-rcial Pelyoblorinatod Diphenyl Products
(Aroa-loro)
in
Water by Miorooutraetion and Cao Chromatography”.
Method
~0S can ho u~cdto- measure alachior,
atraEinc,
ohiordang,
Dr~T, dicidrin,
endrin- hcptachlor,
heptachior epox-ide,
hex-a
152
-.
—---
----a
tox.~’.
-
Lrloopnorus-~ontaLnLng
chromatography with
a
i-estic~acuin Ground
Nitrogen Phosphorus
Water by
i-~a~
Detector”.
Method
507 can be used to measure alachbr,
atras
ma,
and simasinc.
Extraction ~nd Capillary
Cpectromctry”.
Method 525
atra~inc,ohlordanc,
di(2—i
hoxyl)phthalato,
endrin, hcpt~unior,
nupt-~unLor
upoxiue,
hexaahlorobcnsenc,
hcxaehlorocyclopontadienc,
lindane,
mcthoxychlor,
and pentachlorophenol polynucloar aromatic
hydrocarbons, cimacinc,
and totaphcne.
8)
Method
531.1*
“Measurement of
r~-HethylCarbamoylo~imeo and
N Mothyl
Carbamatcs
in Water by Direct Aqueous Injection
HPLC with Post—Column Derivatization”.
Method 531.1
can be
used to measure aldicarb,
aldicarb oulfoxido,
aldicarb
sulfonc,
and carbofuran,
and o~amyl.
9)
U.S.~.EPADioxin and Furan Method
1613,
“Tetra- through
Octa— Chlorinated Dio~cinoand Furano by Isotope
Dilution”.
Method
1613
can be used to measure 2,3,7,8 TCDD
(dioxin).
10)
Method
547*
“Analysis of Clyphooato
in Drinking Water by
Direst Agupouo Injection HPLC with Post—Column
•~
—J
11)
Hethod 548,
“Determination of Endothall in Aqueous
Samples”
,
Method 548
can be used to measure artdothall.
~“etcrni
--.~d flaraquat
t~.
Diquat
Drinking Water by High Porformanco Liquid cnromatograpny
with Ultraviolet Detection”.
Method 549 can be used to
Hydorcarbonri in Drinking Watcr byLiquid=LiquidE
and HPLC with Coupled Ultraviolet and Fluorcocanc
4)
Method 508*
“Determination of Chlorinated Pesticides
in
Water by Gas Chromatography with an Electron Capture
Detector”.
Method 508 can be used to measure ahlordano,
DDT,
dicldrin,
ondrin,
heptachlor,
haptachior opoxido,
hoxa—
chlorobcn~cnc, lindanc,
mcthoxychlor,
and toxaphcne.
Method
508 can be used as
a screen
for PCDs.
Method
508A,
“Screening
for Polychiorinated Biphenylo by
Perchborination and Gas Chromatography”.
Method 508A
is
5)
used to quantitate PCBs
as dccachlorobiphenyl
if detected in
Methods 505 or
508.
Method
515.1,
revision 5.0
(May,
1991),
“Determination of
6)
Chlorinated Acids
in Water by Gas Chromatography with an
Electron Capture-Detector”.
Method 515.1
can be used to
measure 2,4—D, dalapon,
dincoeb, pcntaohlorophenol,
picloram,
and 2,4,5 TP
(Cilvex).
7)
Method 625.1,
r~jininn
~.fl
(M~v
199fli
“Dctnrmin~ion of
by Liquid—Solid
Chromatography/H.
an be
hylhcxyl
)
~dipate,
ae~
di( 2—ethyl-
17)
Method
-
-a
-
153
Detection”.
Method
550
can- be used to—measure benso—
-(-a)pyrene
and- other polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons.
..~
......~
..~
a*~dHt’L0 with Coupled Ultraviolet and F~l
Detection”.
Method 550-can
iju uutu
~j
m
(a1~vroncanu otner nolvriucbaar aromat~
Tn)
Analysis for PCBs must be conducted as follows using the methods
in Section 611.645:
1)
Each supplier that monitors for PCBs shall analyze each
sample using either U.~S.~EPA
Organic Methods,
Method 505 or
Method 508.
2)
If PCBs are detected
in any sample analyzed using U.~.S.~EPA
Organic Methods,
Methods 505 or
508, the
supplier shall
reanalyze the sample using Method 508A to quantitate the
individual Aroclors
(as decachlorobiphenyl).
3)
Compliance with the PCB
MCI. must be determined based upon
the quantitative
results
of analyses using tJ~S~EPAOrganic
Methods, Method
508A.
n)
Use of existing data.
1)
The Z~gencyshall
allow the use of data collected after
January
1, 1990 but prior
to the effective date of this
Section, pursuant
to Agency sample request letters,
if it
determines.that the data are generally consistent with the
requirements of this Section.
2)
The Agency shall grant
a SEP pursuant
to Section 611.110
that allows
a supplier to monitor annually beginning in the
initial compliance period
if
it determines that the supplier
did
not detect any Phase
I VOC or Phase
II VOC using
existing data allowed pursuant to subsection
(n)(1) above.
0)
The Agency shall issue
a SEP that increases the number of sampling
points or the
frequency of monitoring
if
it
determines that this
is necessary to detect variations within the PWS due to such
factors as fluctuations
in contaminant concentration due to
seasonal use or changes
in
the water source.
BOARD NOTE:
At 40 CFR 141.24(h) (15),
U.S.
EPA uses the stated
factors as non-limiting examples of circumstances that make
additional monitoring necessary.
p)
This subsection corresponds with 40 CFR 14l.24(h)(16),
a U.~S. EPA
provision that the Board has not adopted because it reserves
enforcement authority
to the state and would serve no useful
function as part of the state’s rules.
This statement maintains
structural consistency with U~S~~..EPA
rules.
q)
Each supplier shall monitor, within each compliance period, at the
time designated by the Agency by SEP pursuant to Section 611.110.
r)
“Detection” means greater than or equal to the following
concentrations for each contaminant:
1)
for PCB5
(Aroclors):
154
Aroclor
Detection Limit
(mg/I.)
1016
0.00008
1221
0.02
1232
0.0005
1242
0.0003
1248
0.0001
1254
0.0001
1260
0.0002
2)
for other Phase
II,
Phase lIE,
and Phase V SOC5:
Contaminant
Detection Limit
(mg
/
I.)
Alachlor
0.0002
Aldicarb
0.0005
Aldicarb sulfoxide
0.0005
Aldicarb sulfone
0.0008
Atrazine
0.0001
Benzo(a)pyrene
0.00002
Carbofuran
0.0009
Chbordane
0.0002
2,4—D
0.0001
Dalapon
0.001
Dibromochloropropane
(DBCP)
0.00002
Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate
0.0006
Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
0.0006
Dinoseb
0.0002
Diquat
0.0004
Endothall
0.009
Endrin
0.00001
Ethylene dibromide
(EDB)
0.00001
Glyphosate
0.006
Heptachbor
0.00004
Heptachlor epoxide
0.00002
Hexachborobenzene
0.0001
Hexachlorocycbopentadiene
0,0001
Lindane
0.00002
Methoxychlor
0.0001
Oxamyl
0.002
Picborarn
0.0001
Polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCB5)
(as decachlorobiphenyl)
0.0001
Pentachlorophenol
0. 00004
Simazine
-
0.00007
Toxaphene
0.001
2,3,7,8—TCDD
(dioxin)
0.000000005
2,4,5—TP
(Silvex)
0.0002
Laboratory Certification.
1)
Analyses under this Section must only be conducted by
laboratories that have received approval by ~
or the
Agency according to the following conditions.
2)
To receive certification to conduct analyses for the Phase
II,
Phase IIB,
and Phase V SOCs the laboratory must:
A)
Analyze performance evaluation samples provided by the
Agency pursuant to
35
111. Mm.
Code 183.125(c)
that
include these substances;
and
155
B)
Achieve quantitative results on the analyses performed
under subsection (s)(2)(A)
above that
are within the
acceptance limits
set forth
in subsection
(s)(2)(C)
above.
C)
Acceptance limits:
SOC
Acceptance Limits
Alachior
t 45
Aldicarb
2 standard deviations
A.dicarb
aulfone
2 standard deviations
Aldicarb
sulfoxide
2 standard deviations
Atrazine
±45
Benzo(a)pyrene
2
standard deviations
Carbofuran
±45
Chlordane
±45
Dalapon
2 standard deviations
Di (2—ethylhexyl)adipate
2 standard deviations
Di(2—ethylhexyl)phthalate
2 standard deviations
Dirioseb
2 standard deviations
Diquat
2 standard deviations
Endothall
2 standard deviations
Endrin
±30
Glyphosate
2 standard deviations
Dibromochboropropane
(DBCP)
±40
Ethylene dibromide
(EDE)
±40
Heptachlor
±45
Heptachbor epoxide
±
45
Hexachlorobenzene
2 standard deviations
Hexachlorocycbopentadiene
2 standard deviations
Lindane
±45
Methoxychbor
±45
Oxamyl
2 standard deviations
PCBs
(as Decachborobiphenyl)
0—200
Pentachlorophenol
±50
Picloram
2 standard deviations
Simazine
2 standard deviations
Toxaphene
±45
2,4—b
±50
2,3,7,8—TenD
(dioxin)
2 standard deviations
2,4,5—TP
(Silvex)
±50
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.24(h)
(l99~4), as
amended at
59
Fed. Req.
62468
(Dec.
5,
1994).
(Source:
Amended at
19
Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
______________________
SUBPART P:
THM MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS
Section 611.685
Analytical Methods
Sampling and analyses made pursuant to this Subpart must be conducted by one
of the followingtotal trihabomethanes
(TTHM~methods7 incorporated by
reference in Cc-ction-61L102-:as directed
in Section
611.645
and
in “Technical
Notes on Drinking Water Methods”, incorporated
by
reference
in Section
156
611.102.
For the methods cited
in subsections
(a)
and
(b)
above,
see 40
CFR
141,
subpart
C,
appendix
C,
incorporated by reference
in Section 611.102.
“The Anal~
hanec
_..
~
ng Waters by the ~ur~e
and Trap Method,” U.S. EPA Organ~.ctlcthods, Method 601.1.
b)
“The Analysis of Trihalomethanec
in UrJUJLJ.rlg
Water
uy
Liquid/Liquid Extraction,”
U.E. EPA Oroanic Methods,
Mathou
~u~-i-~
a)
“Volatile Organic Compounds
in Water by Purge and Trap Capillary
Cao Chromatography with Photoioniaation and Eleotrolytio
Conductivity Detector
in tories”,
JJ.E.
EPA Organio Methods
(Ju-~
1991 revision), Method 502.2.
ci)
“Volatile Organio Chemicals in Water by Purge and Trap Capillary
Gao Chromatography/Mass Speotromotry”,
U.S. EPA Organic Hethoda
(July 1091
revision),
Method 524.2.
a)
For the methods cited
in subsections
(a)
and
(b)
above,
ace
40 CFR
141,
subpart
C,
appondii
C,
incorporated
by reference
in Scotien
611.102.
Camplco
for TTHM mu3t be dechlorinated upon collection
to prevent further production
of Trihabomothancci,
according to the
procedures described
in the above two methods.
Samples
for
maximum TTHM potential must not be dechlorinated,
and must be held
for seven days at 25°C
(or above)
prior to an~lysio, according—to
the proccdurc3 described in the above two mcthoda.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived
from 40 CFR 141.30(e)
(199~3-4), as amended at
59 Fed.
Reg.
62469
(Dec.
5,
19941.
(Source:
Amended at
19 Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
______________________
SUBPART T:
REPORTING,
PUBLIC NOTIFICATION AND RECORDKEEPING
Section 611.860
Record Maintenance
A supplier
shall retain on its premises or at
a convenient
location near its
premises the following records:
a)
Records of bacteriological analyses made pursuant
to this Part
must be kept for not
less than
5 years. Records of chemical
analyses made pursuant to this
Part must be kept for not less than
10 years. Actual laboratory reports may be kept, or data may be
transferred
to tabular summaries, provided that the following
information
is included:
1)
The date, place and time of sampling,
and the name of the
person who collected the sample;
2)
Identification of the sample
as to whether it was
a routine
distribution system sample,
check sample,
raw or process
water sample or other special purpose sample;
3)
Date of analysis;
4)
Laboratory and person responsible
for performing analysis;
5)
-
The analytical technique or method used; and
6)
The results of the analysis.
157
b)
Records of action taken by the supplier to correct violations of
this Part must be kept
for
a period not
less than
3 years after
the last action taken with respect to the particular violation
involved.
c)
Copies
of any written reports,
summaries or communications
relating to sanitary surveys of
the system conducted by the
supplier itself,
by
a private consultant,
by U.~.S~EPA,the Agency
or a unit of local government delegated pursuant to Section
611.108, must be kept for
a period not
less than
10 years after
completion of the sanitary
survey
involved.
d)
Records concerning a variance or adjusted standard granted to the
supplier must be kept for
a period ending not
less than
5 years
following the expiration of
such variance or adjusted standard.
BOARD
NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.33 (l9~9~).
(Source:
Amended at
19 Ill. Reg.
________,
effective
_____________________
Section 611.Appendix A
Mandatory Health Effects Information
1)
Trichboroethylene.
The United States Environmental Protection
Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined
that trichboroethylene
is
a health concern at certain levels of
exposure.
This
chemical
is
a
common
metal
cleaning
and
dry
cleaning fluid.
It generally gets into drinking water by improper
waste disposal.
This chemical has been shown to cause cancer
in
laboratory animals such as rats and mice when the animals are
exposed at high levels over their lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause
cancer
in laboratory animals also may increase the risk of cancer
in humans who are exposed at lower levels over long periods of
time.
U.S.
EPA has
set forth the enforceable drinking water
standard for trichboroethylene at 0.005 parts per million
(ppm) to
reduce the risk of cancer or other adverse health effects which
have been observed in laboratory animals.
Drinking water which
meets this standard
is associated with little to none of this risk
and
should be considered safe.
2)
Carbon tetrachboride.
The United States Environmental Protection
Agency
(U.S. EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined
that carbon tetrachboride
is a health concern at certain levels of
exposure.
This chemical was once a popular household cleaning
fluid,
It generally gets
into drinking water by improper waste
disposal.
This chemical
has been shown to cause
cancer in
laboratory animals such as rats and mice when the animals are
exposed at high levels over their
lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause
cancer in laboratory animals also may increase the risk of cancer
in humans who are exposed at lower levels over
long periods of
time.
U.S.
EPA
has
set
the
enforceable
drinking
water
standard
for carbon tetrachloride at
0.005 parts per million (ppm)
to
reduce the risk of cancer or other adverse health effects which
have been observed
in laboratory animals.
Drinking water which
meets this standard is associated with little to none of this risk
and should be considered safe.
3)
1,2—Dichloroethane.
The United States Environmental Protection
Agency
(U.S.
EPA) sets drinking water standards and has determined
that 1,2-dichloroethane
is
a health concern at certain levels of
exposure.
This chemical
is used as
a cleaning
fluid
for fats,
oils,
waxes and resins.
It generally gets
into drinking water by
158
improper waste disposal.
This chemical has been shown to cause
cancer in laboratory animals such as rats and mice when the
animals are exposed at high
levels over their
lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause cancer
in laboratory animals
also may
increase the risk of cancer
in humans who
are exposed at lower
levels over long periods
of time.
U.S. EPA has set the
enforceable
drinking water standard
for
1, 2—dichloroethane
at
0.005 parts per million
(ppm)
to reduce the risk of cancer or
other adverse health effects which have been observed in
laboratory animals.
Drinking water which meets this standard is
associated with
little to none of this risk and should be
considered safe.
4)
Vinyl chloride.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that
vinyl chloride
is
a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This chemical is used in industry and is found
in drinking water
as a result
of the breakdown
of related solvents.
The solvents
are used
as cleaners and degreasers of metals and generally get
into drinking water by improper waste disposal.
This chemical has
been associated with significantly increased risks of cancer among
certain industrial workers who were exposed to relatively large
amounts of this chemical during their working careers.
This
chemical has also been shown to cause cancer
in laboratory animals
when the animals are exposed at high levels over their
lifetimes.
Chemicals
that cause increased risk of cancer among exposed
industrial workers and in laboratory
animals also may increase the
risk of cancer
in humans who are exposed
at
lower
levels over long
periods of time.
U.S. EPA has set
the enforceable drinking water
standard for vinyl chloride at 0.002 parts per million
(ppm)
to
reduce the risk of cancer or other adverse health effects which
have been observed
in
laboratory animals.
Drinking water which
meets this standard
is associated with little to none of this risk
and should be considered safe.
5)
Benzene.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined
that benzene
is
a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This chemical
is used as a solvent and degreaser of metals.
It
is
also a major
component of gasoline.
Drinking water contamination generally
results from leaking underground gasoline and petroleum tanks or
improper waste disposal.
This chemical has been associated with
significantly
increased risks of leukemia among
certain industrial
workers
who
were
exposed
to
relatively
large amounts of this
chemical during their working careers.
This chemical has been
shown to cause cancer in laboratory animals when the animals are
exposed
at
high
levels
over
their
lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause
increased risk of cancer among exposed industrial workers and in
laboratory animals also may increase the risk of cancer
in humans
who are exposed at
lower levels over long periods of time.
U.S.
EPA has
set the enforceable drinking water standard for benzene at
0.005 parts per million
(ppm) to reduce the risk of cancer or
other adverse health effects which have been observed
in humans
and laboratory animals.
Drinking water which meets this standard
is associated with little to none of this
risk and should be
considered safe.
6)
1,1-Dichboroethylene.
The United States Environmental Protection
Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined
that 1,1—dichioroethylene
is
a health concern at certain levels of
exposure.
This
chemical
is
used
in industry and is
found
in
drinking water as
a result of the breakdown of related solvents.
159
The solvents are used as cleaners and degreasers of metals and
generally get into drinking water by improper waste disposal.
This chemical has been shown to cause liver and kidney damage in
laboratory animals such as rats and mice when the animals are
exposed
at high levels over their lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause
adverse effects in laboratory animals also may cause adverse
health effects
in humans who are exposed at lower levels over
long
periods of time.
U.S.
EPA has set the enforceable drinking water
standard
for
1,1—dichboroethylene
at
0.007 parts per million
(ppm)
to reduce the risk of these adverse health effects which have been
observed
in
laboratory
animals.
Drinking
water
which
meets
this
standard
is associated with little to none of this risk and should
be considered safe.
7)
Para-dichlorobenzene.
The United States Environmental Protection
Agency
(U.S. EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined
that para—dichborobenzene is
a health concern at certain levels of
exposure.
This chemical
is
a component of deodorizers, moth balls
and pesticides.
It generally gets into drinking water by improper
waste disposal.
This chemical has been shown to cause
liver and
kidney damage in laboratory animals such as rats and mice when the
animals are exposed at
high
levels over their
lifetimes.
Chemicals which cause adverse effects
in laboratory animals also
may cause adverse health effects
in humans who are exposed at
lower levels over long periods of time.
U.S.
EPA has set the
enforceable drinking water standard for para—dichlorobenzene at
0.075 parts per million
(ppm)
to reduce the risk of these adverse
health effects which have been observed in laboratory animals.
Drinking water which meets this standard
is associated with little
to
none of this risk and should be considered safe.
8)
1,1,1—Trichboroethane.
The United States Environmental Protection
Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined
that 1,1,1-trichloroethane
is
a health concern at certain levels
of exposure.
This chemical is used as a cleaner and degreaser of
metals.
It generally gets
into drinking water by improper waste
disposal.
This chemical has been shown to damage the liver,
nervous system and circulatory system of laboratory animals such
as rats and mice when the animals are exposed at high levels over
their lifetimes.
Some industrial workers who were exposed to
relatively large amounts of this chemical during their working
careers also suffered damage to the liver,
nervous system and
circulatory system.
Chemicals which cause adverse effects among
exposed industrial workers and
in laboratory animals also may
cause adverse health effects
in humans who
are exposed at lower
levels over long periods of time.
U.S. EPA has set the
enforceable drinking water standard for 1,1,1—trichloroethane at
0.2 parts per million
(ppm)
to protect against the risk of these
adverse health effects which have been observed
in laboratory
animals.
Drinking water which meets this standard is associated
with little to none of this risk and should be considered safe.
9)
Fluoride.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency requires that
we send you this notice on the level of fluoride
in your drinking
water.
The drinking water in your community has a fluoride
concentration of
milligrams per liter
(mg/L).
Federal regulations require that fluoride, which occurs naturally
in your water supply,
not exceed a concentration of 4.0 mg/L in
drinking water.
This is an enforceable standard called
a Maximum
Contaminant Level
(MCL),
and
it has been established to protect
the public health.
Exposure to drinking water levels above 4.0
160
mg/L
for many years may result in some cases of crippling skeletal
fluorosis,
which is a serious bone disorder.
Federal law also requires that we notify you when monitoring
indicates that the
fluoride in your drinking water exceeds 2.0
mg/L.
This
is intended
to alert families about dental problems
that might affect
children under nine years
of age.
The fluoride
concentration of your water exceeds this federal guideline.
Fluoride
in children’s drinking water
at levels of approximately
1
mg/L reduces
the number of dental cavities.
However,
some
-
children exposed to levels
of fluoride greater than about 2.0 mg/L
may develop dental fluorosis.
Dental
fluorosis,
in its moderate
and severe forms,
is
a brown staining and/or pitting of the
permanent teeth.
Because dental fluorosis occurs only when developing teeth (before
they erupt
from the gums)
are exposed to elevated fluoride levels,
households without children are not expected to be affected by
this
level of fluoride.
Families with children under
the age of
nine are encouraged to seek other sources of drinking water
for
their children to avoid the possibility of staining and pitting.
Your water supplier can
lower the concentration of fluoride
in
your water so that you will still receive the benefits of cavity
prevention while the possibility of stained and pitted teeth
is
minimized.
Removal of fluoride may increase your water costs.
Treatment
systems
are also commercially available for home use.
Information
on such systems
is available at the address given
below.
Low fluoride bottled drinking water that would meet all
standards
is also commercially available.
For further information, contact
at your water system.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.32(e)(9)
and 143.5
(1992~4).
10)
Microbiological
contaminants
(for use when there
is
a violation of
the treatment technique requirements
for filtration and
disinfection
in Subpart
B of this Part).
The United States
Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S. EPA)
sets drinking water
standards and has determined that the presence of microbiological
contaminants are a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
If water is inadequately treated, microbiological contaminants in
that water may cause disease.
Disease symptoms may include
diarrhea,
cramps,
nausea and possibly jaundice and any associated
headaches and fatigue.
These symptoms,
however,
are not just
associated with disease—causing organisms in drinking water,
but
also may be caused by a number of factors other than your drinking
water.
U.S. EPA has set enforceable requirements for treating
drinking water to reduce the risk of these adverse health effects.
Treatment such as filtering and disinfecting the water removes or
destroys microbiological contaminants.
Drinking water which
is
treated to meet U.S. EPA requirements
is associated with little to
none of this risk and should be considered safe.
11)
Total coliforms.
(To be used when there
is
a violation of Section
611.325(a)
and not
a violation of Section 611.325(b)).
The United
States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA) sets drinking
water standards and has determined that the presence of total
coliforms
is a possible health concern.
Total coliforms are
common
in the environment and are generally
not harmful
themselves.
The presence of these bacteria
in drinking water,
161
however,
generally is
a result of
a problem with water treatment
or the pipes which distribute the water and indicates that the
water may be contaminated with organisms that can cause disease.
Disease
symptoms may include diarrhea,
cramps,
nausea and possibly
jaundice,
and any associat~dheadaches and fatigue.
These
symptoms,
however, are not just associated with disease—causing
organisms
in drinking water,
but also may be caused by a number of
factors other than your drinking water.
U.S. EPA has set an
enforceable
drinking water standard
for total coliforms to reduce
the risk of these adverse health effects.
Under this standard,
no
more than 5.0 percent of the samples collected during
a month can
contain these bacteria,
except that systems collecting fewer than
40 samples/month that have one total coliform-positive sample per
month are not violating the standard.
Drinking water which meets
this standard
is usually not associated with a health risk from
disease—causing bacteria and should be considered safe.
12)
Fecal Coliforms/E. coli.
(To be used when there is
a violation of
Section 611.325(b) or both Section 611.325(a)
and
(b)).
The
United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA) sets
drinking water standards and has determined that the presence of
fecal
coliforms or
E.
coli
is a serious health concern.
Fecal
coliforms
and
E.
coli are generally not harmful themselves, but
their presence in drinking water
is
serious because they usually
are associated with sewage or animal wastes.
The presence of
these bacteria in drinking water
is generally a result of
a
problem with water treatment or the pipes which distribute the
water and indicates that
the water may be contaminated with
organisms that can cause disease.
Disease symptoms may include
diarrhea,
cramps,
nausea and possibly jaundice,
and associated
headaches and fatigue.
These symptoms,
however, are not
just
associated with disease—causing organisms
in drinking water,
but
also may be caused by a number of factors other than your drinking
water.
U.S.
EPA has
set an enforceable drinking water standard
for
fecal colifornis and E.
coli to reduce the risk of these
adverse health effects.
Under this standard all drinking water
samples must be free of these bacteria.
Drinking water which
meets this standard is associated with little or none of this risk
and should be considered safe.
State and local health authorities
recommend that consumers take the following precautions:
tTo be
inserted by
the public water system, according to instruction from
State or local
authorities).
13)
Lead.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA) sets drinking water standards and has determined that lead is
a health concern at certain exposure levels.
Materials that
contain lead have frequently been used in the construction of
water supply distribution systems, and plumbing systems
in private
homes and other buildings.
The most commonly found materials
include service lines,
pipes, brass
and bronze fixtures, and
solders and fluxes.
Lead in these materials can contaminate
drinking water as
a result of the corrosion that takes place when
water comes
into contact with those materials.
Lead can cause
a
variety of adverse health effects in humans.
At relatively low
levels of exposure, these effects may include interference with
red blood cell chemistry, delays
in normal physical and mental
development
in babies and young children,
slight deficits
in the
attention span,
hearing,
and
learning abilities of children,
and
slight
increases
in the blood pressure of some adults.
U.S. EPA’s
national primary drinking water regulation requires all public
water
systems to optimize corrosion control to minimize lead
contamination resulting from the corrosion of plumbing materials.
162
Public water systems
serving 50,000 people or fewer that have lead
concentrations below
15 parts per billion
(ppb)
in more than
90
of tap water samples
(the U.S. EPA “action
level”)
have optimized
their corrosion control treatment.
Any water system that exceeds
the action level
must also monitor their source water to determine
whether treatment to remove lead in
source water
is needed.
Any
water system that continues to exceed the action
level after
installation of corrosion control and/or source water treatment
must eventually replace all lead service lines contributing in
excess of
15 ppb of lead to drinking water.
Any water system that
exceeds the action
level must also undertake a public education
program to inform consumers of ways they can reduce their exposure
to potentially high levels of lead
in drinking water.
14)
Copper.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that copper
is
a health concern at certain exposure levels.
Copper,
a
reddish—brown metal,
is often used to plumb residential and
commercial structures that are connected to water distribution
systems.
Copper contaminating drinking water as
a corrosion by-
product occurs as the result of the corrosion of copper pipes that
remain
in
contact with water for a prolonged period of time.
Copper
is
an essential nutrient,
but at high doses
it has been
shown to cause stomach and
intestinal distress,
liver and kidney
damage,
and anemia.
Persons with Wilson’s disease may be
at
a
higher risk of health effects due to copper than the general
public.
U.S. EPA’s national primary drinking water regulation
requires all public water systems to install optimal corrosion
control to minimize copper contamination resulting from the
corrosion of plumbing materials.
Public water systems serving
50,000 people or fewer that have copper concentrations below 1.3
parts per million
(ppm)
in more than 90
of tap water samples
(the
U.S. EPA “action level”) are not required to install or improve
their treatment.
Any water system that exceeds the action
level
must also monitor their source water to determine whether
treatment to remove copper in source water is needed.
15)
Asbestos.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that
asbestos fibers greater than
10 micrometers in length are
a health
concern at certain
levels of exposure.
Asbestos is
a naturally
occurring mineral.
Most asbestos fibers
in drinking water are
less than 10 micrometers in length and occur in drinking water
from natural sources and from corroded asbestos—cement pipes
in
the distribution system.
The major uses of asbestos were in the
production of cements, floor tiles,
paper products,
paint,
and
caulking;
in transportation—related applications;
and in the
production of textiles and plastics.
Asbestos was once a popular
insulating and fire retardant material.
Inhalation studies have
shown that various
forms of asbestos have produced lung tumors
in
laboratory animals.
The available information on the risk of
developing gastrointestinal tract cancer associated with the
ingestion of asbestos from drinking water
is
limited.
Ingestion
of intermediate—range chrysolite asbestos fibers greater than 10
micrometers
in length
is associated with causing benign tumors
in
male rats.
Chemicals that cause cancer in laboratory animals also
may increase the risk of cancer in humans who are exposed over
long periods of time.
U.S. EPA has set the drinking water
standard for asbestos at
7 million long fibers per liter to reduce
the potential risk of cancer or other adverse health effects which
have been observed in laboratory animals.
Drinking water which
meets the U.S. EPA standard
is associated with little to none of
163
this risk and should be considered safe with
respect to asbestos.
16)
Barium.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that barium
is
a health concern
at certain levels of exposure.
This inorganic
chemical occurs naturally in some aquifers that serve
as sources
of groundwater.
It
is also used in oil and gas drilling muds,
automotive paints, bricks,
tiles, and jet fuels.
It generally
gets into drinking water after dissolving from naturally occurring
minerals in the ground.
This chemical may damage the heart and
vascular system, and is associated with high blood pressure in
laboratory animals such as rats exposed to high levels during
their lifetimes.
In humans,
U.S. EPA believes that effects from
barium on blood pressure should not occur below
2 parts per
million
(ppm)
in drinking water.
U.S.
EPA has
set the drinking
water standard for barium at
2 parts per million (ppm)
to protect
against the risk of these adverse
health effects.
Drinking water
that meets the U.S. EPA standard
is associated with little to none
of this risk and
is considered safe with
respect to barium.
17)
Cadmium.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that cadmium
is
a health concern
at
certain levels of exposure.
Food and the
smoking of tobacco are common sources of general exposure.
This
inorganic metal
is
a contaminant
in the metals used to galvanize
pipe.
It generally gets into water by corrosion of galvanized
pipes or by improper waste disposal.
This chemical has been shown
to damage the kidney
in animals such
as rats and mice when the
animals are exposed at high levels over their lifetimes.
Some
industrial workers who were exposed to relatively large amounts of
this chemical during working careers also suffered damage to the
kidney.
U.S. EPA has
set the drinking water standard
for cadmium
at 0.005 parts per million
(ppm)
to protect against the risk of
these adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets the U.S.
EPA standard is associated with little to none of this risk and
is
considered safe with respect to cadmium.
18)
Chromium.
The United States Environmental
Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that
chromium is
a health concern at certain
levels of exposure.
This
inorganic metal occurs naturally
in the ground and
is
often used
in the electroplating
of metals.
It generally gets into water
from runoff from old mining operations
and improper waste disposal
from plating operations.
This chemical has been shown to damage
the kidney,
nervous system,
and the circulatory system of
laboratory animals such as rats and mice when the animals are
exposed at
high levels.
Some humans who were exposed to high
levels of this chemical
suffered liver and kidney damage,
dermatitis and respiratory problems.
U.S. EPA has set the
drinking water standard for chromium at 0.1 parts per million
(ppm) to protect against the risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets the U.S. EPA standard is associated with
little to none of this risk and is considered safe with respect to
chromium.
19)
Mercury
The United States Environmental
Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that mercury
is a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This inorganic
metal
is used in electrical equipment and some water pumps.
It
usually gets into water as
a result of improper waste disposal.
This chemical has been shown to damage the kidney of laboratory
animals such as rats when the animals are exposed at high
levels
164
over their lifetimes.
U.S.
EPA has
set the drinking water
standard
for mercury
at 0.002
parts per million
(ppm)
to protect
against the risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water
that meets the U.S. EPA standard
is associated with little to none
of this risk and
is considered safe with respect to mercury.
20)
Nitrate.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that nitrate
poses
an acute health concern at certain levels of exposure.
Nitrate
is used in fertilizer and
is found
in sewage and wastes
from human and/or farm animals and generally gets into drinking
water from those activities.
Excessive levels of nitrate in
drinking water have caused serious illness and sometimes death
in
infants under six months of
age.
The serious
illness
in infants
is caused because nitrate
is converted to nitrite in the body.
Nitrite interferes with the oxygen carrying capacity of the
child’s blood.
This
is an acute disease in that symptoms can
develop rapidly
in
infants.
In most cases,
health deteriorates
over
a period
of days.
Symptoms include shortness of breath and
blueness of the skin.
Clearly,
expert medical advice should be
sought immediately
if these symptoms occur.
The purpose of this
notice is to encourage parents and other responsible parties to
provide infants with an alternate
source of drinking water.
Local
and State health authorities are the best source
for information
concerning alternate sources of drinking water
for infants.
U.S.
EPA has set the drinking water standard at 10 parts per million
(ppm)
for nitrate to protect against the risk of these adverse
effects.
U.S. EPA has also set
a drinking water
standard for
nitrite at
1 ppm.
To allow
for the fact that the toxicity of
nitrate and nitrite are additive.
U.S.
EPA has also established a
standard for the
sum of nitrate and nitrite at 10 ppm.
Drinking
water that meets the U.S. EPA standard
is associated with little
to none of this risk and
is considered safe with respect to
nitrate.
21)
Nitrite.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that nitrite
poses an acute health concern at certain levels of
exposure.
This
inorganic chemical
is used
in
fertilizers and
is
found
in sewage
and wastes
from humans and/or farm animals and generally gets into
drinking water as
a result of those activities.
While excessive
levels of nitrite
in drinking water have not been observed, other
sources of nitrite have caused serious illness
and sometimes death
in infants under six months of age.
The serious
illness in
infants
is caused because nitrite interferes with the oxygen
carrying capacity of the child’s blood.
This is an acute disease
in that symptoms
can develop rapidly.
However,
in most cases,
health deteriorates over
a period of days.
Symptoms
include
shortness of breath and blueness of the skin.
Clearly,
expert
medical advice should be sought immediately if these symptoms
occur.
The purpose of this notice
is to encourage parents and
other responsible parties to provide infants with an alternate
source of drinking water.
Local and State health authorities are
the best source for information concerning alternate sources of
drinking water for
infants.
U.S. EPA has
set the drinking water
standard at
1 part per million
(ppm)
for nitrite to protect
against the risk of these adverse effects.
U.S. EPA has also set
a drinking water standard for nitrate (converted to nitrite in
humans)
at
10 ppm and for the sum of nitrate and nitrite at
10
ppm.
Drinking water that meets the U,S.
EPA standard
is
associated with little to none of this risk and
is considered safe
with respect to nitrite.
165
22)
Selenium.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that
selenium is a health concern
at certain high levels of exposure.
Selenium
is also an essential nutrient
at low levels of exposure.
This inorganic chemical
is found naturally
in food and soils and
is used
in electronics,
photocopy operations,
the manufacture of
glass,
chemicals,
drugs,
and
as a fungicide and
a
feed additive.
In humans, exposure to high levels of selenium over
a
long period
of time has resulted in a number of adverse health effects,
including a loss of feeling and control
in the arms and legs.
U.S. EPA has set the drinking water standard for selenium at 0.05
parts per million
(ppm) to protect against the risk of these
adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets the U.S. EPA
standard is associated with little to none of this risk and is
considered safe with respect to selenium.
23)
Acrylamide.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that
acrylamide is
a health concern at certain
levels of exposure.
Polymers made from acrylamide are sometimes used to treat water
supplies to remove particulate contaminants.
Acrylamide has been
shown to cause cancer
in
laboratory animals such as rats and mice
when the animals are exposed
at high levels over their lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause cancer
in laboratory animals also may
increase the risk of cancer
in humans who are exposed over
long
periods of time.
Sufficiently large doses of acrylamide are known
to cause neurological injury.
U.S. EPA has set the drinking water
standard for acrylamide using a treatment technique to reduce the
risk of cancer or other adverse health effects which have been
observed in laboratory animals.
This treatment technique limits
the amount of acrylamide
in the polymer and the amount of the
polymer
which may be added to drinking water to remove
particulates.
Drinking water systems which comply with this
treatment technique have little to no risk and are considered safe
with respect to acrylamide.
24)
Alachlor.
The United States Environmental
Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that
alachlor is
a health concern at certain
levels of exposure.
This
organic chemical
is a widely used pesticide.
When soil and
climatic conditions are favorable,
alachlor may get into drinking
water by runoff
into surface water or by leaching into
groundwater.
This chemical has been
shown to cause cancer
in
laboratory animals such as rats and mice when the animals are
exposed at high levels over their lifetimes. Chemicals that cause
cancer
in laboratory animals also may increase the risk of cancer
in humans who are exposed over long periods of time.
U.S. EPA has
set the drinking water standard for alachior at 0.002 parts per
million
(ppm)
to reduce the risk of cancer or other adverse health
effects which have been observed in laboratory animals.
Drinking
water that meets thia standard
is associated with little to none
of this risk and is considered safe with respect to alachlor.
25)
Aldicarb.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that
aldicarb
is
a health concern at certain
levels of exposure.
Aldicarb
is
a widely used pesticide.
Under certain
soil and
climatic
conditions
(e.g.,
sandy
soil
and
high
rainfall),
aldicarb
may leach into groundwater after normal agricultural applications
to crops such as potatoes or peanuts or may enter drinking water
supplies as
a result of surface runoff.
This
chemical
has
been
shown to damage the nervous system in laboratory animals
such as
166
rats and dogs exposed to high levels.
U.S. EPA has set the
drinking water standard
for aldicarb at 0.003 parts per million
(ppm)
to reduce the risk of adverse health effects.
Drinking
water that meets this standard
is associated with little to none
of this risk and
is considered safe with respect to aldicarb.
26)
Aldicarb sulfoxide.
The United
States Environmental Protection
Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards
and has determined
that aldicarb
sulfoxide
is
a
health
concern
at
certain
levels
of
exposure.
Aldicarb is
a widely used pesticide.
Aldicarb
aulfoxide
in groundwater is primarily
a breakdown product of
aldicarb.
Under certain soil
and climatic conditions
(e.g.,
sandy
soil and high rainfall),
aldicarb sulfoxide may
leach into
groundwater after normal agricultural applications to crops such
as potatoes or peanuts or may enter drinking water supplies as
a
result of surface runoff.
This chemical has been shown to damage
the nervous system in laboratory animals such as rats and dogs
exposed to high levels.
U.S. EPA
has set the drinking water
standard for aldicarb
sulfoxide at 0.004 parts per million
(ppm)
to reduce the risk of adverse health effects.
Drinking water that
meets
this standard
is associated with
little to none of this risk
and
is considered safe with respect to aldicarb sulfoxide.
27)
Aldicarb sulfone.
The United States Environmental Protection
Agency (U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined
that aldicarb sulfone
is
a health concern at certain levels of
exposure.
Aldicarb is
a widely used pesticide.
Aldicarb sulfone
in groundwater
is primarily a breakdown product
of aldicarb.
Under certain soil and climatic conditions
(e.g.,
sandy soil and
high rainfall),
aldicarb sulfone may leach into groundwater after
normal agricultural applications
to crops such as potatoes
or
peanuts or may enter drinking water supplies as
a result of
surface runoff.
This chemical has been
shown to damage the
nervous system in laboratory animals
such as rats and dogs exposed
to high levels.
U.S. EPA has set the drinking water standard for
aldicarb sulfone at 0.002 parts per million
(ppm)
to reduce the
risk of adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets this
standard
is associated with little to none of this risk and
is
considered safe with respect to aldicarb sulfone.
28)
Atrazirie.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that
atrazine
is a health concern at certain
levels of exposure.
This
organic chemical
is a herbicide.
When soil
and climatic
conditions are favorable,
atrazine may get into drinking water by
runoff into surface water or by leaching into groundwater.
This
chemical has been shown to affect offspring of rats and the heart
of dogs.
U.S. EPA has set the drinking water standard for
atrazine at 0.003 parts per million
(ppm)
to protect against the
risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets
the U.S. EPA standard
is associated with little to none of this
risk and
is considered safe with respect to atrazine.
29)
Carboforan.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA) sets drinking water standards and has determined that
carbofuran is
a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This organic chemical
is a pesticide.
When soil and climatic
conditions are favorable,
carbofuran may
get into drinking water
by runoff
into surface water or by leaching into groundwater.
This chemical has been shown to damage the nervous and
reproductive systems of laboratory animals such as rats and mice
exposed at high levels over their lifetimes.
Some humans who were
167
exposed to relatively
large amounts of this chemical during their
working careers also suffered damage to the nervous system.
Effects on the nervous system are generally
rapidly reversible.
U.S. EPA has set the drinking water standard for carbofuran at
0.04 parts per million
(ppm) to protect against the risk of these
adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets the U.S.
EPA
standard
is associated with little to none of this risk and
is
considered safe with respect to carbofuran.
30)
Chlordane,
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that
chlordane is
a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This
organic chemical
is
a pesticide used to control termites.
Chlordane is not very mobile in soils.
It usually gets
into
drinking water after application near water supply intakes or
wells.
This chemical has been shown to cause cancer in laboratory
animals such as rats and mice when the animals are exposed at high
levels over their lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause cancer
in
laboratory animals also may increase the risk of cancer
in humans
who are exposed over long periods
of time.
U.S. EPA has set the
drinking water standard
for chlordane at
0.002 parts per million
(ppm) to reduce the risk of cancer or other adverse health effects
which have been observed in laboratory animals. Drinking water
that meets the U.S.
EPA standard
is associated with
little to none
of this risk and
is considered safe with respect to chlordane.
31)
Dibromochloropropane
(DBCP).
The United States Environmental
Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has
determined that DBCP
is
a health concern at certain
levels of
exposure.
This organic chemical was once a popular pesticide.
When soil and climatic conditions are favorable,
DBCP may get into
drinking water by runoff
into surface water or by leaching
into
groundwater.
This chemical
has been shown to cause cancer in
laboratory animals such as rats and mice when the animals are
exposed at
high levels over their lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause
cancer in laboratory animals also may increase the risk of cancer
in humans who are exposed over long periods of time.
U.S. EPA has
set the drinking water standard
for DBCP at 0.0002 parts per
million
(ppm)
to reduce the risk of cancer or other
adverse health
effects which have been observed in laboratory animals.
Drinking
water that meets the U.S. EPA standard
is associated with little
to none of this risk and is considered safe with respect to DBCP.
32)
o—Dichlorobenzene,
The United States Environmental Protection
Agency
(U.S. EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined
that o—dichlorobenzene is
a health concern at certain levels of
exposure.
This organic chemical
is used as
a solvent in the
production of pesticides and dyes.
It generally gets
into water
by improper waste disposal.
This chemical has been shown to
damage the liver, kidney and the blood cells of laboratory animals
such as rats and mice exposed to high levels during their
lifetimes.
Some industrial workers who were exposed to relatively
large amounts of this chemical during working careers also
suffered damage to the liver,
nervous system, and circulatory
system.
U.S. EPA has set the drinking water standard for
o—dichlorobenzene at 0.6 parts per million
(ppm)
to protect
against the risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water
that meets the U.S. EPA standard is associated with little to none
of this risk and is considered safe with respect to
o—dichlorobenzene.
33)
cis—l,2—Dichloroethylene.
The United States Environmental
168
Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA) establishes drinking water standards
and has determined that cis—1,2—dichloroethylene is
a health
concern at certain levels of exposure.
This organic chemical
is
used as a solvent and intermediate in chemical production.
It
generally gets into water by improper waste disposal.
This
chemical
has been shown to damage the liver, nervous
system,
and
circulatory system of laboratory animals such as rats and mice
when exposed at high levels over their
lifetimes.
Some humans who
were exposed to relatively large amounts of this chemical
also
suffered damage to the nervous
system.
U.S. EPA has
set the
drinking water standard for cis—1,2—dichloroethylene at 0.07 parts
per million
(ppm)
to protect
against the risk of these adverse
health effects.
Drinking water that meets the U.S. EPA standard
is associated with little to none of this risk and is considered
safe with respect to cis—1,2—dichloroethylene.
34)
trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene.
The United States Environmental
Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA) establishes drinking water standards
and has determined that trans—1,2—dichloroethylene
is
a health
concern at certain levels of exposure.
This organic chemical
is
used as
a solvent and intermediate
in chemical production.
It
generally gets into water by improper waste disposal.
This
chemical
has been shown to damage the liver,
nervous system,
and
the circulatory system of laboratory animals such as rats and mice
when exposed
at high levels over their lifetimes.
Some humans who
were exposed to relatively large amounts of this chemical also
suffered damage to the nervous system.
U.S.
EPA has
set the
drinking
water standard for trans—1,2—dichloroethylene at 0.1
parts per million
(ppm)
to protect against the risk of these
adverse health effects.
Drinking water
that meets the U.S. EPA
standard
is associated with little to none of this risk and
is
considered
safe with respect to trans—1,2—dichloroethylene.
35)
1,2—Dichloropropane.
The United States Environmental Protection
Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined
that 1,2—dichloropropane is a health
concern at certain
levels of
exposure.
This organic chemical is used as a solvent and
pesticide.
When soil and climatic conditions are favorable,
1,2—
dichloropropane may get into drinking water by runoff into surface
water or by leaching into groundwater.
It may also get into
drinking water through improper waste disposal.
This chemical has
been shown to cause cancer in laboratory animals such as rats and
mice when the animals are exposed
at high levels over their
lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause cancer
in laboratory animals also
may
increase
the
risk
of
cancer
in
humans
who
are
exposed
over
long
periods
of
time.
U.S.
EPA
has
set the drinking water
standard
for 1,2—dichloropropane at 0.005 parts per million
(ppm)
to reduce the risk of cancer or other adverse health effects which
have been observed in laboratory animals.
Drinking water that
meets the U.S. EPA standard is associated with
little to none of
this risk and is considered safe with respect to
1,2—dichloropropane.
36)
2,4—D.
This contaminant
is subject to a “additional State
requirement”.
The supplier shall give the following notice
if
the
level exceeds the Section 611.311 HCL.
If the level exceeds the
Section 611.310 MCL, but not that of Section 611.311, the supplier
shall give a general notice under Section 611.854.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S.
EPA)
sets
drinking
water
standards
and
has
determined
that
2,4—D
is
a
health
concern at certain levels of exposure.
This organic chemical
is
169
used as
a herbicide and to control algae
in reservoirs.
When soil
and climatic conditions are favorable,
2,4-0 may get into drinking
water by runoff into surface water or by leaching into
groundwater.
This chemical has been shown to damage the liver and
kidney of
laboratory animals such as rats exposed at high levels
during their
lifetimes.
Some humans who were exposed to
relatively large amounts
of this chemical also suffered damage to
the nervous
system.
U.S. EPA has set the drinking water standard
for 2,4-0
at 0.07 parts per million
(ppm)
to protect against the
risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets
the U.S. EPA standard
is associated with little to none of this
risk and
is considered safe with respect to 2,4—0.
37)
Epichlorohydrin.
The United States Environmental Protection
Agency
(U.S. EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined
that epichiorohydrin
is
a health concern
at certain levels of
exposure.
Polymers made from epichiorohydrin are sometimes used
in the treatment of water supplies as
a flocculent to remove
particulates.
Epichiorohydrin generally gets into drinking water
by improper use of these polymers.
This chemical has been shown
to cause cancer in laboratory animals such as rats and mice when
the animals are exposed at high levels over their
lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause cancer in
laboratory animals also may
increase the risk of cancer
in humans who are exposed over long
periods of time.
U.S.
EPA has
set the drinking water standard
for
epichlorohydrin using a treatment technique to reduce the risk of
cancer or other adverse health effects which have been observed
in
laboratory animals.
This treatment technique limits
the amount of
epichlorohydrin in the polymer and the amount of the polymer which
may be added to drinking water as
a flocculent to remove
particulates.
Drinking water systems which comply with this
treatment technique have
little to no risk and are considered safe
with
respect to epichlorohydrin.
38)
Ethylbenzene.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined
ethylbenzene
is a health concern
at certain levels of exposure.
This organic chemical
is
a major
component of gasoline.
It
generally gets
into water by improper waste disposal or leaking
gasoline tanks.
This chemical has been shown to damage the
kidney,
liver, and nervous system of laboratory animals such as
rats exposed to high levels during their lifetimes.
U.S. EPA has
set the drinking water standard for ethylbenzene at 0.7 parts per
million
(ppm) to protect against the risk of these adverse health
effects.
Drinking
water
that
meets the U.S. EPA standard is
associated with little to none of this risk and is considered safe
with respect to ethylbenzene.
39)
Ethylene dibromide
(EDB).
The United States Environmental
Protection Agency (U.S.
EPA) sets drinking water standards and has
determined that EDB
is
a
health concern at certain levels of
exposure.
This organic
chemical was once a popular pesticide.
When soil and climatic conditions are favorable,
EDB may get
into
drinking water by runoff
into surface water or by leaching into
groundwater.
This chemical has been shown to cause cancer in
laboratory animals such as rats and mice when the animals are
exposed at high levels over their lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause
cancer
in laboratory animals also may increase the risk of cancer
in humans who are exposed over long periods of time.
U.S. EPA has
set the drinking water standard for EDB at 0.00005 parts per
million
(ppm) to reduce the risk of cancer or other adverse health
effects which have been observed in laboratory animals.
Drinking
170
water that meets this standard
is associated with
little to none
of this risk and
is considered safe with respect
to EDS.
40)
Heptachlor.
This contaminant
is subject to
a “additional
State
requirement”.
The supplier
shall give the following notice
if the
level exceeds the Section 611.311 MCL.
If the level exceeds
the
Section 611.310 MCL,
but
not that of Section 611.311,
the supplier
shall give a general notice under Section 611.854.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets
drinking water standards
and has determined that heptachlor
is
a
health concern at certain levels
of exposure,
This organic
chemical
was
once
a
popular
pesticide.
When soil and climatic
conditions are favorable,
heptachlor may get
into drinking water
by runoff
into surface water or by leaching into groundwater.
This chemical has been shown to cause cancer
in laboratory animals
such as rats and mice when the animals are exposed at high levels
over their lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause cancer
in laboratory
animals also may increase the risk of cancer in humans who are
exposed over long periods of time.
U.S.
EPA has
set the drinking
water standards
for heptachlor at 0.0004 parts per million
(ppm)
to reduce the risk of cancer or other adverse health effects which
have been observed in laboratory animals.
Drinking water that
meets this standard
is associated with little to none of this risk
and
is considered safe with respect to heptachlor.
41)
Heptachior epoxide.
This contaminant
is subject to
a
“additional
State requirement”.
The supplier
shall give the following notice
if the level exceeds the Section 611.311 MCL.
If the level
exceeds the Section 611.310 MCL, but not that of Section 611.311,
the supplier shall give
a general notice under Section 611.854.
The United States Environmental
Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets
drinking water standards and has determined that heptachlor
epoxide
is a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This
organic chemical was once
a popular pesticide.
When soil and
climatic conditions are favorable,
heptachlor epoxide may get into
drinking water by runoff
into surface water or by leaching
into
groundwater.
This chemical has been shown to cause cancer in
laboratory animals such as rats and mice when the animals are
exposed at high levels over their lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause
cancer
in laboratory animals
also may increase the risk of
cancer
in humans who are exposed over
long periods of time.
U.S.
EPA has
set the
drinking
water
standards
for heptachlor epoxide at 0.0002
parts per million
(ppm)
to reduce the risk of cancer or other
adverse health effects
which have been observed
in laboratory
animals.
Drinking water that meets this standard
is associated
with little to none of this risk and
is considered safe with
respect to heptachlor epoxide.
42)
Lindane.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that
lindane
is
a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This organic
chemical is used
as
a pesticide.
When
soil and climatic
conditions are favorable, lindane may get into drinking water by
runoff into surface water or by leaching into groundwater.
This
chemical has been shown to damage the liver,
kidney, nervous
system,
and immune system of laboratory animals such as rats,
mice
and dogs exposed at high levels during their
lifetimes.
Some
humans who were exposed to relatively large amounts of this
chemical also suffered damage to the nervous system and
circulatory system.
U.S. EPA has established the drinking water
171
standard
for
lindane at
0.0002 parts per million
(ppm)
to protect
against the risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water
that meets the U.S. EPA standard
is associated with
little to none
of this risk and
is considered safe with respect to
lindane.
43)
Methoxychlor.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that
methoxychlor
is
a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This organic chemical
is used as
a pesticide.
When soil and
climatic
conditions are
favorable, methoxychior may get into
drinking water by runoff
into surface water or by leaching into
groundwater.
This chemical has been shown to damage the liver,
kidney,
nervous
system, and reproductive system of laboratory
animals such as rats exposed
at
high levels during their
lifetimes.
It
has also been shown to produce growth retardation
in rats.
U.S. EPA has
set the drinking water standard for
methoxychlor at 0.04 parts per million
(ppm)
to protect against
the risk
of these adverse
health effects.
Drinking water that
meets the U.S.
EPA standard
is associated with
little to none of
this risk and
is considered safe with respect to methoxychlor.
44)
Monochlorobenzene.
The United States Environmental Protection
Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined
that inonochlorobenzene
is
a health concern at certain levels of
exposure.
This
organic
chemical
is
used
as
a solvent.
It
generally gets
into water by improper waste disposal.
This
chemical
has been shown to damage
the liver,
kidney and nervous
system of
laboratory animals such
as rats and mice exposed to high
levels during their lifetimes.
U.S. EPA has set the drinking
water standard for monochlorobenzene
at 0.1
parts per million
(ppm)
to protect against the risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets the U.S.
EPA standard
is associated with
little to none of this risk and
is considered safe with respect to
monochlorobenzene.
45)
Polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs).
The United States Environmental
Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has
determined that polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs)
are a health
concern
at
certain
levels
of
exposure.
These
organic
chemicals
were once widely used in electrical transformers and other
industrial equipment.
They generally get into drinking water by
improper waste disposal or leaking electrical industrial
equipment.
This chemical has been shown to cause cancer in
laboratory
animals
such
as
rats
and mice when the animals are
exposed at high levels over their lifetimes.
Chemicals that
cause
cancer in laboratory animals also may increase the risk of cancer
in humans who are exposed over long periods of
time.
U.S. EPA has
set the drinking water standard for PCBs at 0.0005 parts per
million
(ppm) to reduce the risk of cancer or other adverse health
effects
which
have
been
observed
in
laboratory animals.
Drinking
water that meets this standard is associated with
little to
none
of this risk and
is considered safe with respect to PCBs.
46)
Pentachlorophenol.
The United States Environmental Protection
Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined
that pentachlorophenol
is
a health concern at certain levels of
exposure.
This organic chemical
is widely used as
a wood
preservative,
herbicide,
disinfectant,
and defoliant.
It
generally gets
into drinking water by runoff into surface water or
leaching into groundwater.
This chemical has been shown to
produce adverse reproductive effects and to damage the liver and
kidneys of laboratory animals such as rats and mice when the
172
animals
are
exposed
at
high
levels
over
their
lifetimes.
Some
humans who were exposed to relatively large amounts of thia
chemical also suffered damage to the
liver and kidneys.
This
chemical has been shown to cause cancer
in laboratory animals such
as rats and mice when the animals are exposed
at
high levels over
their lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause cancer
in laboratory
animals also may increase the risk of cancer in humans who
are
exposed over long periods of time.
U.S. EPA has
set the drinking
water standard for pentachlorophenol at 0.001 parts per million
(ppm)
to reduce the risk of adverse health effects.
Drinking
water that meets this standard
is associated with little to none
of this risk and
is considered safe with respect to pentachloro-
phenol.
47)
Styrene.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that styrene
is
a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This organic
chemical
is commonly used to make plastics and is sometimes a
component of resins used for drinking water treatment.
Styrene
may get into drinking water from improper waste disposal.
This
chemical
has been shown to damage the liver and nervous
system
in
laboratory animals when exposed
at high levels during their
lifetimes.
U.S. EPA has
set the drinking water standard for
styrene at 0.1 parts per million
(ppm)
to protect against the risk
of these adverse health effects. Drinking water that meets the
U.S.
EPA standard
is associated with little to none of this risk
and
is considered safe with respect to styrene.
48)
Tetrachloroethylene.
The United States Environmental Protection
Agency
(U.S. EPA)
sets drinking water standards
and has determined
that tetrachloroethylene
is
a health concern at certain levels of
exposure.
This organic chemical has been a popular solvent,
particularly for dry cleaning.
It generally gets into drinking
water by
improper waste disposal.
This chemical has been shown to
cause cancer in laboratory animals such as rats and mice when the
animals are exposed at high levels over their
lifetimes. Chemicals
that cause cancer
in laboratory animals also may
increase the risk
of cancer in humans who are exposed over long periods of time.
U.S.
EPA has set the drinking water standard for
tetrachloroethylene at 0.005 parts per million
(ppm)
to reduce the
risk of cancer or other adverse health effects which have been
observed in laboratory animals.
Drinking water that meets
this
standard
is associated with
little to none of this
risk and is
considered safe with respect
to tetrachloroethylene.
49)
Toluene.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that toluene
is
a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This organic
chemical
is used as
a solvent and in the manufacture of gasoline
for airplanes.
It generally gets into water by improper waste
disposal or leaking underground storage tanks.
This chemical has
been shown to damage the kidney, nervous system,
and circulatory
system of
laboratory animals such as rats and mice exposed to high
levels during their lifetimes.
Some industrial workers who were
exposed to relatively large amounts of this chemical during
working careers also suffered damage to the liver, kidney and
nervous system.
U.S. EPA has set the drinking water standard for
toluene at
1 part per million
(ppm)
to protect
against the risk of
these adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets the U.S.
EPA standard is associated with little to none of this risk and is
considered safe with respect
to toluene.
173
50)
Toxaphene.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that
toxapherie
is a health concern at
certain levels of exposure.
This
organic chemical was once
a pesticide widely used on cotton,
corn,
soybeans,
pineapples and other crops.
When soil and climatic
conditions are favorable,
toxaphene may get into drinking water by
runoff into surface water or by
leaching into groundwater.
This
chemical has been shown to cause cancer in laboratory animals such
as rats and mice when the animals are exposed at high
levels over
their
lifetimes. Chemicals that cause cancer in laboratory animals
also may increase the risk of cancer in humans who are exposed
over long periods of time.
U.S. EPA has set the drinking water
standard for toxaphene at 0.003 parts per million
(ppm)
to reduce
the risk of cancer or other adverse health effects which have been
observed in laboratory animals.
Drinking water that meets this
standard
is associated with little to none of this risk and is
considered safe with respect to toxaphene.
51)
2,4,5—TP.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that
2,4,5—TP is
a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This
organic
chemical
is used as
a herbicide.
When soil and climatic
conditions are favorable,
2,4,5—TP may get
into drinking water by
runoff into surface water or by leaching into groundwater.
This
chemical
has been shown to damage the liver and kidney of
laboratory animals such as rats and dogs exposed to high
levels
during their lifetimes.
Some industrial workers who were exposed
to relatively
large amounts of this chemical during working
careers also suffered damage to the nervous system.
U.S. EPA has
set the drinking water standard for 2,4,5—TP
at 0.05 parts per
million
(ppm) to protect against the risk of these
adverse health
effects.
Drinking water that meets the U.S. EPA standard
is
associated with
little to none of this risk and is considered safe
with respect to 2,4,5—TP.
52)
Xylenes.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA) sets drinking water standards and has determined that xylene
is
a health concern at certain levels of exposure,
This organic
chemical
is used in the manufacture of gasoline for airplanes and
as a solvent for pesticides,
and as
a cleaner and degreaser of
metals.
It usually gets into water by improper waste disposal.
This chemical has been shown to damage the liver,
kidney and
nervous system of laboratory animals such as rats and dogs exposed
to high levels during their lifetimes.
Some humans who were
exposed to relatively large amounts of this chemical also suffered
damage to the nervous
system.
U.S. EPA has set the drinking water
standard for xylene at 10 parts per million (ppm)
to protect
against the risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water
that meets the U.S. EPA standard
is associated with little to none
of this risk and
is considered safe with respect to xylene.
53)
Antimony.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA) sets drinking water standards and has determined that
antimony
is
a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This
inorganic chemical occurs naturally
in soils, ground water, and
surface water and is often used
in the flame retardant industry.
It
is also used in ceramics and glass, batteries,
fireworks,
and
explosives.
It may get
into drinking water through natural
weathering of rock, industrial production, municipal waste
disposal,
or manufacturing processes.
This chemical has been
shown to decrease longevity,
and altered blood levels
of
cholesterol and glucose
in laboratory animals such as rats exposed
174
to high
levels during their lifetimes.
U.S.
EPA has
set the
drinking water standard
for antimony at 0.006 parts per million
(ppm)
to protect against the risk
of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets the U.S. EPA standard
is associated with
little to none of this risk and
is considered safe with respect to
antimony.
54)
Beryllium.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards
and has determined that
beryllium is
a health concern at certain
levels of exposure.
This
inorganic chemical occurs naturally in soils,
ground water,
and
surface water and
is often used
in electrical equipment and
electrical components.
It generally gets into water from runoff
from mining operations,
discharge from processing plants,
and
improper waste disposal.
Beryllium compounds have been associated
with damage to the bones and lungs and induction of cancer in
laboratory animals such as rats and mice when the animals
are
exposed
to high levels during their lifetimes.
There
is
limited
evidence to suggest that beryllium may pose
a cancer risk via
drinking water exposure.
Therefore,
U.S. EPA based the health
assessment on noncancer effects with and extra uncertainty
factor
to account for possible carcinogenicity.
Chemicals that cause
cancer in laboratory animals also may increase the risk of cancer
in humans who are exposed over
long periods of time.
U.S.
EPA has
set the drinking water standard
for beryllium at 0.004 parts per
million
(ppm)
to protect against the risk of
these adverse health
effects.
Drinking water that meets the U.S. EPA standard
is
associated with
little to none of
this risk and
is considered safe
with respect to beryllium.
55)
Cyanide.
The United
States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that cyanide
is
a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This
inorganic
chemical
is used in electroplating,
steel processing,
plastics,
synthetic fabrics, and fertilizer products.
It usually gets into
water as
a result of improper waste disposal.
This chemical has
been shown to damage the spleen,
brain,
and liver of humans
fatally poisoned with cyanide.
U,S. EPA has
set the drinking
water standard for cyanide at 0.2 parts per million
(ppm) to
protect against the risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets the U.S.
EPA standard
is associated with
little to none of this risk and
is considered safe with respect to
cyanide.
56)
Nickel.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that nickel
is
a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This inorganic
chemical occurs naturally in
soils, ground water,
and surface
water and is often used
in electroplating,
stainless steel,
and
alloy products.
It generally gets
into water from mining and
refining
operations.
This chemical has been shown to damage the
heart and liver in laboratory animals when the animals are exposed
to high levels over their lifetimes.
U.S. EPA has set the
drinking water standard
at 0.1 parts per million
(ppm)
for nickel
to protect against the risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets the U.S.
EPA standard
is associated with
little to none of this risk and is considered safe with respect to
nickel.
57)
Thallium.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that
thallium is
a health concern
at certain high levels of exposure.
175
This inorganic chemical occurs naturally
in soils,
ground water,
and surface water and is used in electronics, pharmaceuticals,
and
the manufacture of glass and alloys.
This chemical has been shown
to damage the kidney,
liver, brain,
and intestines of laboratory
animals when the animals are exposed to high levels during their
lifetimes.
U.S. EPA has set the drinking water standard for
thallium at 0.002 parts per million
(ppm)
to protect against the
risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets
the U.S.
EPA standard
is associated with
little to none of this
risk and is considered safe with respect to thallium.
58)
Benzo(a)pyrene.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water
standards and has determined that
benzo(a)pyrene
is
a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
Cigarette smoke and charbroiled meats are common sources of
general
exposure.
The major source of benzo(a)pyrene
in drinking
water is the leaching from coal tar lining and sealants in water
storage tanks.
This chemical
has been
shown to cause cancer in
animals such as
rats and mice when the animals are exposed to high
levels.
U.S. EPA has set the drinking water standard
for benzo—
(a)pyrene at 0.0002 parts per million
(ppm) to protect against the
risk of cancer.
Drinking water that meets the U.S. EPA standard
is associated with little to none of this risk and
is considered
safe with respect to benzo(a)pyrene.
59)
Dalapon.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards
and has determined that dalapon
is
a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This organic
chemical is
a widely used herbicide.
It may get
into drinking
water
after application
to control grasses
in crops, drainage
ditches,
and along railroads.
This chemical has been associated
with damage to the kidney and liver
in laboratory animals when the
animals
are exposed to high levels during their
lifetimes.
U.S.
EPA has
set the drinking water standard
for dalapon at 0.2 parts
per million
(ppm)
to protect against the risk of these adverse
health effects.
Drinking water that meets the U.S.
EPA standard
is associated with little to none of this risk and is considered
safe with respect to dalapon.
60)
Dichloromethane.
The United States Environmental Protection
Agency
(U,S.
EPA) sets drinking water standards and has determined
that dichloromethane (methylene chloride)
is
a health concern at
certain
levels of exposure.
This organic chemical
is a widely
used solvent.
It is used
in the manufacture of paint remover,
as
a metal degreaser, and as an aerosol propellant.
It generally
gets into water after improper discharge of waste disposal.
This
chemical has been shown to cause cancer in laboratory animals such
as rats and mice when the animals are exposed to high levels
during their lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause cancer in laboratory
animals also may increase the risk of cancer
in humans who are
exposed over long periods of time.
U.S. EPA has set the drinking
water standard for dichloromethane at 0.005 parts
per million
(ppm)
to protect against the risk of cancer or other adverse
health effects.
Drinking water that meets the U.S.
EPA standard
is associated with little to none of this risk and
is considered
safe with respect to dichloromethane.
61)
Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate.
The United States Environmental
Protection Agency (U.S.
EPA) sets drinking water standards and has
determined that di(2—ethylhexyl)adipate
is
a health concern at
certain levels of exposure.
Di(2—ethylhexyl)adipate
is a widely
used plasticizer in
a variety of products,
including synthetic
176
rubber,
food packaging materials,
and cosmetics.
It may get
into
drinking water after
improper waste disposal.
This chemical has
been shown to damage
the liver and testes
in laboratory animals
such as rats
and mice when the animals are exposed to high
levels.
U.S.
EPA has
set the
drinking water standard
for di(2—ethylhexyl)—
adipate at 0.4 parts per million
(ppm)
to protect against the risk
of adverse health
effects that have been observed in laboratory
animals.
Drinking water that meets the U.S.
EPA standard
is
associated with
little to none of this risk and
is considered safe
with respect to di(2—ethylhexyl)adipate.
62)
Di(2—ethylhexyl)phthalate.
The United States Environmental
Protection Agency
(U.S. EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has
determined that di(2—ethylhexyl)phthalate
is
a health concern at
certain levels of exposure.
Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
is
a widely
used plasticizer, which
is primarily used in the production of
polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
resins.
It may get
into drinking water
after improper waste disposal.
This chemical has been shown to
cause cancer in laboratory animals such as rats and mice when the
animals are exposed to high levels during their lifetimes.
U.S.
EPA has set the drinking water standard for di(2—ethylhexyl)—
phthalate at 0.004k parts per million
(ppm)
to protect against the
risk of cancer or other adverse health effects which have been
abserved
in laboratory animals.
Drinking water that meets the
U.S.
EPA standard
is associated with little to none of this risk
and
is considered safe with respect to di(2—ethylhexyl)phthalate.
63)
Dinoseb.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that dinoseb
is
a health concern at certain
levels of exposure.
Dinoseb
is
a
widely used pesticide and generally gets into water after
application on orchards,
vineyards,
and other crops.
This
chemical has been shown to damage the thyroid and reproductive
organs
in laboratory animals such as
rats exposed to high
levels.
U.S. EPA has set the drinking water standard
for dinoseb
at
0.007
parts per million
(ppm)
to protect against the risk of these
adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets the U.S. EPA
standard is associated with little to none of this risk and
is
considered safe with respect to dinoseb.
64)
Diguat.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that diquat
is
a health concern
at certain levels of exposure.
This organic
chemical
is
a herbicide used to control terrestrial and aquatic
weeds.
It may get
into drinking water by runoff into surface
water.
This chemical has been shown to damage the liver,
kidney,
and gastrointestinal tract
and causes cataract formation in
laboratory animals such as dogs and rats exposed
at high levels
over their
lifetimes.
U.S. EPA has
set the drinking water
standard for diguat
at
0.02 parts per million
(ppm)
to protect
against the risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water
that meets the U.S. EPA standard
is associated with little to none
of this risk and is considered safe with
respect
to diquat.
65)
Endothall.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA) sets drinking water standards
and has determined that
endothall is a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This
organic chemical
is
a herbicide used to control terrestrial and
aquatic weeds.
It may get into drinking water by runoff into
surface water.
This chemical has been
shown to damage the liver,
kidney, gastrointestinal tract,
and reproductive system of
laboratory animals such
as rats and mice exposed at high levels
177
over their
lifetimes.
U.S. EPA has
set the drinking water
standard
for endothall
at
0.1 parts per million
(ppm)
to protect
against the risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water
that meets the U.S. EPA standard
is
associated with little to none
of this risk and
is considered safe with respect to endothall.
66)
Endrin.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that
eridrin
is
a health concern at certain
levels of exposure.
This organic
chemical
is a pesticide no longer registered for use
in the United
States.
However, this pesticide
is persistent
in treated soils
and accumulates
in sediments and aquatic and terrestrial biota.
This chemical has been shown to cause damage to the liver,
kidney,
and heart
in laboratory animals
such as rats
and mice when the
animals are exposed to high levels during their lifetimes.
U.S.
EPA has set the drinking water standard for endrin at 0.002 parts
per million
(ppm) to protect against the risk of these adverse
health effects that have been observed
in laboratory animals.
Drinking water that meets the U.S. EPA standard
is associated with
little to none of this risk and
is considered safe with respect to
endrin.
67)
Glyphosate.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that
glyphosate
is a health concern at certain
levels of exposure.
This organic chemical
is
a herbicide used to control grasses and
weeds.
It may get into drinking water by runoff
into surface
water.
This chemical has been shown to cause damage to the liver
and kidneys
in laboratory animals such as rats and mice when the
animals are exposed to high levels during their lifetimes.
U.S.
EPA has
set the drinking water standard for glyphosate at 0.7
parts per million
(ppm)
to protect against the risk of these
adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets
the U.S. EPA
standard is associated with
little to none of this risk and
is
considered safe with respect to glyphosate.
68)
Hexachlorobenzene.
The United States Environmental Protection
Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined
that hexachlorobenzene
is
a health concern at certain levels
of
exposure.
This organic chemical
is produced as an impurity in the
manufacture
of certain solvents and pesticides.
This chemical has
been shown to cause cancer
in laboratory animals
such as rats
and
mice when the animals are exposed to high levels during their
lifetimes.
Chemicals that cause cancer in laboratory animals also
may increase the risk of cancer in humans who are exposed over
long periods of time.
U.S. EPA has set the drinking water
standard
for hexachlorobenzene at 0.001 parts per million
(ppm)
to
protect against the risk of cancer and other adverse health
effects.
Drinking water that meets
the U.S.
EPA standard is
associated with little to none of this
risk and
is considered safe
with respect to hexachlorobenzene.
69)
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene.
The United States Environmental
Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA) sets drinking water standards and has
determined that hexachlorocyclopentadiene
is
a health concern
at
certain levels of exposure.
This organic chemical
is a used as an
intermediate in the manufacture of pesticides and flame
retardants.
It may get into water by discharge from production
facilities.
This chemical has been shown to damage the kidney and
the stomach of laboratory animals when exposed to high levels
during their
lifetimes.
U.S. EPA has set the drinking water
standard for hexachlorocyclopentadiene
at 0.05 parts per million
178
(ppm) to protect against the risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets
the U.S.
EPA standard
is associated with
little to none of this risk and
is considered safe with respect to
hexachlorocyc lopentadiene.
70)
Oxamyl.
The United States Environmental
Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that oxamyl
is
a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This organic
chemical
is used as
a pesticide
for the control of insects and
other pests.
It may get into drinking water by runoff into
surface water or leaching
into ground water.
This chemical
has
been shown to damage the kidneys of laboratory animals such as
rats when exposed at high levels during their lifetimes.
U.S. EPA
has set the drinking water standard
for oxamyl at 0.2 parts per
million
(ppm)
to protect against the
risk of these adverse health
effects.
Drinking water that meets the U.S. EPA standard is
associated with little to none of this risk and
is considered safe
with respect to oxamyl.
71)
Picloram.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that
picloram
is
a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This
organic chemical
is used as
a pesticide
for broadleaf weed
control.
It may get
into drinking water by runoff
into surface
water or
leaching into groundwater
as
a result
of pesticide
application and improper waste disposal.
This
chemical has been
shown
to cause damage to the kidneys
and liver
in laboratory
animals such as
rats when the animals are exposed to high levels
during their lifetimes.
U.S. EPA has set the drinking water
standard for picloraxn at 0.5 parts per million
(ppm)
to protect
against the risk of these adverse health effects.
Drinking water
that meets the U.S.
EPA standard
is associated with little to none
of this risk and
is considered safe with respect to picloram.
72)
Simazine.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined that
simazine
is
a health concern at certain levels of exposure.
This
organic chemical is
a herbicide used to control annual grasses
and
broadleaf weeds.
It may leach into groundwater or run off into
surface water after application.
This
chemical may cause cancer
in laboratory animals
such as rats and mice when the animals
are
exposed to high levels during their lifetimes.
Chemicals that
cause cancer
in laboratory animals also may increase the risk of
cancer
in humans who are exposed over long periods of time.
U.S.
EPA has set the drinking water standard for simazine at 0.004
parts per million
(ppm) to reduce the risk of cancer or adverse
health effects.
Drinking water that meets the U.S. EPA standard
is associated with little to none of this risk and
is considered
safe with respect
to simazine.
73)
1,2,4—Trichlorobenzene.
The United States Environmental
Protection Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has
determined that l,2,4—trichlorobenzene
is
a health concern at
certain levels of exposure.
This organic chemical
is used as
a
dye carrier and as
a precursor in herbicide manufacture.
It
generally gets
into drinking water by discharges from industrial
activities.
This chemical has been shown to cause damage to
several organs, including the adrenal glands.
U.S.
EPA has set
the drinking water standard for l,2,4—trichlorobenzene
at 0.07
parts per million
(ppm)
to protect against the risk of these
adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets the U.S.
EPA
standard
is associated with little to none of this risk and
is
179
considered safe with respect to 1,2,4—trichlorobenzene.
74)
1,l,2—Trichloroethane.
The United States Environmental Protection
Agency (U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined
that l,l,2—trichloroethane
is
a health concern at certain levels
of exposure.
This organic chemical is an intermediate in the
production of l,1—dichloroethylene.
It generally gets into water
by industrial discharge of wastes.
This chemical
has been shown
to damage the kidney and
liver of laboratory animals such as rats
exposed to high levels during their lifetimes.
U.S. EPA has set
the drinking water standard for 1,l,2—trichloroethane at
0.005
parts per million (ppm)
to protect against the risk of these
adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets the U.S. EPA
standard
is associated with little to none of this risk and is
considered safe with respect to l,l,2—trichloroethane.
75)
2,3,7,8—TCDD (dioxin).
The United States Environmental Protection
Agency
(U.S.
EPA)
sets drinking water standards and has determined
that dioxin
is
a health concern at certain
levels of exposure.
This organic chemical
is an impurity
in the production of some
pesticides.
It may get into drinking water by industrial
discharge of wastes.
This chemical has been shown to cause cancer
in laboratory animals
such as rats and mice when the animals are
exposed to high levels during their lifetimes.
Chemicals
that
cause cancer in laboratory animals also may
increase the risk of
cancer
in humans who are exposed over long periods
of
time.
U.S.
EPA has set the drinking water standard for dioxin at 0.00000003
parts per million
(ppm)
to protect against the risk of cancer or
other adverse health effects.
Drinking water that meets the U.S.
EPA standard is associated with little to none of this risk and
is
considered safe with respect to dioxin.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR 141.32(e)
(l99~4).
(Source:
Amended at
19
Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
______________________
Section 6l1.Table
S
Lead and Copper Monitoring Start Dates
System
Size
First
Six-month
Monitoring
Period
Begins
(Persons served)
more than 50,000
Upon effective date’
3,301 to 50,000
Upon effective date2
3,300 or fewer
July
1,
1993
~
sets
forth
a date of January
1,
1992.
2
~
sets
forth
a date of July
1,
1992.
BOARD NOTE:
Derived from 40 CFR l41.86(d)(1)
(199~.4).
(Source:
Amended at
19
Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
______________________
Section 611..Table
Z
Federal Effective Dates
The following are the effective dates of the federal MCL5:
Fluoride (40 CFR
14l.60(b)(l))
October
2,
1987
(corresponding with Section 611.301(b))
Phase
I VOCs
(40 CFR 141.60(a)(1))
July 9,
1989
180
(corresponding with Section
611.311(a))
(benzene, carbon tetrachloride,
p—dichlorobenzene.,
l,2—Dichloro—
etharie,
1, l—dichloroethylene,
1,1, l-trichloroethane,
trichlora—
ethylene,
and vinyl chloride)
Lead and Copper
(40 CFR, Subpart
I)
July
7,
1991
(corresponding with Subpart
G of this Part)
(lead and copper monitoring,
reporting,
and recordskeeping
requirements of 40 CFR 141.86 through 141.91)
Phase
II
lOCs
(40 CFR 141.60(b) (2))
July
30,
1992
(corresponding with Section 611.301(b))
(asbestos,
cadmium,
chromium,
mercury, nitrate,
nitrite,
and
selenium)
Phase II VOCs
(40 CFR 141.60(a) (2))
July
30,
1992
(corresponding with Section 611.311(a))
(o—dichlorobenzene,
cis—l,2-dichloroethylene, trans—1~,2—dichloro—
ethylene,
1,2—dichioropropane,
ethylbenzene, monochlorobenzene,
styrene,
tetrachloroethylerie,
toluene, and xylenes
(total))
Phase
Ii
SOCs
(40 CFR 141.60(a) (2))
July
30,
1992
(corresponding with Section 611.311(c))
(alachlor,
atrazine,
carbofuran,
chlordane,
dibromochloropropane,
ethylene dibromide,
heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide,
lindane,
methoxychlor, polychiorinated biphenyls,
toxaphene,
2,4—D,
and
2,4,5—TP (Silvex))
Lead and Copper
(40 CFR, Subpart
I)
December
7,
1992
(corresponding with Subpart
G of this Part)
(lead and copper corrosion control, water
treatment, public
education, and
lead service line replacement requirements of 40
CFR 141.81 through 141.85)
Phase
IIB ICC
(40 CFR 141.60(b) (2))
January
1,
1993
(corresponding with Section 611.301(b))
(barium)
Phase
IIB SOCs
(40 CFR 141.6O(a)(2))
January
1,
1993
(corresponding with Section 611.311(c))
(aldicarb,
aldicarb sulfone,
aldicarb sulfoxide,
and pentachloro—
phenol; U~S~EPAstayed the effective date as to the MCLs for
aldicarb,
alciicarb sulfone, and aldicarb
sulfoxide,
but the
monitoring requirements became effective January
1,
1993)
Phase V lOCs
(40 CFR 141.60(b) (3))
January
17,
1994
(corresponding with Section 611.301(b))
(antimony, beryllium,
cyanide,
nickel,
and thallium)
Phase V VOCs
(40 CFR 14l.60(a)(3))
January
17,
1994
(corresponding with Section 611.311(a))
(dichloromethane,
1,2,4—trichlorobenzene,
and
1, 1,2—trichloro—
ethane)
Phase V SOC5
(40 CFR 141.60(a) (3))
January
17,
1994
(corresponding with Section 611.311(c))
(benzo(apyrene,
dalapon,
di(2—ethylhexyl)adipate, di(2—ethyl-
hexyl)phthalate dinoseb, diquat,
endothall,
endrin, glyphosate,
hexachlorobenzene, hexachiorocyclopentadiene,
oxamyl,
picloram,
simazine,
and 2,3,7,8—TCDD)
(Source:
Amended at
19 Ill.
Reg.
________,
effective
_____________________)
181
I, Dorothy
M. Gunn,
Clerk of the Illinois Pollution Control
Board,
hereby certify t~atthe above proposed opinion and order
was adopted on the
/~
day of
~
,
1995,
by a vote
of
7~
Dorothy M./~unn,Clerk
Illinois P~ál1utionControl Board